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1009:"we commend the Anti-Eugenics Project for their essential work to understand the harmful legacies of eugenicist ideologies. examine the role that philanthropies played in developing and perpetuating eugenics policies and practices. The Rockefeller Foundation is currently reckoning with our own history in relation to eugenics. This requires uncovering the facts and confronting uncomfortable truths, The Rockefeller Foundation is putting equity and inclusion at the center of all our work: confronting the hateful legacies of the past we understand that the work we engage in today does not absolve us of yesterday's mistakes. "
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400:(LSRM), established by Senior in 1918 and named after his wife, the Rockefeller fortune was for the first time directed to supporting research by social scientists. During its first few years of work, the LSRM awarded funds primarily to social workers, with its funding decisions guided primarily by Junior. In 1922, Beardsley Ruml was hired to direct the LSRM, and he most decisively shifted the focus of Rockefeller philanthropy into the
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469:. In December 2020, the foundation pledged to dump their fossil fuel holdings. With a $ 5 billion endowment, the Rockefeller Foundation was "the largest US foundation to embrace the rapidly growing divestment movement." CNN writer Matt Egan noted, "This divestment is especially symbolic because the Rockefeller Foundation was founded by oil money."
310:, to hammer out concessions. However, because of the ongoing (1911) antitrust suit against Standard Oil at the time, along with deep suspicion in some quarters of undue Rockefeller influence on the spending of the endowment, the result was that Senior and Gates withdrew the bill from Congress in order to seek a state charter from New York.
1022:, the Rockefeller Foundation was involved, and by the 1930s the foundations had changed the League from a "Parliament of Nations" to a modern think tank that used specialized expertise to provide in-depth impartial analysis of international issues. After the war, the foundation was involved in the establishment of the
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Disease was a
Rockefeller-funded campaign from 1909 to 1914 to study and treat hookworm disease in 11 Southern states. Hookworm was known as the "germ of laziness". In 1913, the foundation expanded its work with the Sanitary Commission abroad and set up the International Health Division (also known
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succeeded him until 1945. During this period, the
Division of Medical Sciences made contributions to research across several fields of psychiatry. In 1935 the foundation granted $ 100000 to the Institute for Psychoanalysis in Chicago. This grant was renewed in 1938, with payments extending into the
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to improve
American relations with the host country. Although they claimed the banner of public health and humanitarian medicine, they often engaged with politics and business interests. Rhoads was involved in a racism whitewashing scandal in the 1930s during which he joked about injecting cancer
385:; however the foundation's involvement in IR was criticized for advancing the family's business interests. The foundation henceforth confined itself to funding responsible organizations involved in this and other controversial fields, which were beyond the control of the foundation itself.
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The foundation also funded the relocation of scholars threatened by the Nazis to
America in the 1930s, known as the Refugee Scholar Program and the Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced Foreign Scholars. Some of the notable figures relocated or saved, among a total of 303 scholars, were
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roles, continues to be managed and funded by the
Rockefeller Foundation, while other aspects of the program continue in the form of two independent organizations, Resilient Cities Catalyst (RCC) and the Global Resilient Cities Network (GRCN), founded by former 100RC leadership and staff.
978:
the foundation sent a team to West
Germany to investigate how it could become involved in reconstructing the country. They focused on restoring democracy, especially regarding education and scientific research, with the long-term goal of reintegrating Germany into the Western world.
411:
The
Rockefeller family helped lead the foundation in its early years, but later limited itself to one or two representatives, to maintain the foundation's independence and avoid charges of undue family influence. These representatives have included the former president
939:. In 1936, Rockefeller fulfilled pledges of $ 655,000 to Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, even though several distinguished Jewish scientists had been dropped from the institute at the time. The Rockefeller Foundation did not alert the world about the racist implications of
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that it was exported to other Latin
American countries; in 1956, the program was then taken to India; again with the geopolitical imperative of providing an antidote to communism. It wasn't until 1959 that senior foundation officials succeeded in getting the
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Costing around $ 600 million, over 50 years, the revolution brought new farming technology, increased productivity, expanded crop yields and mass fertilization to many countries throughout the world. Later it funded over $ 100 million of plant
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During the late-1920s, the
Rockefeller Foundation created the Medical Sciences Division, which emerged from the former Division of Medical Education. The division was led by Richard M. Pearce until his death in 1930, to which
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approved a charter for the foundation with Junior becoming the first president. With its large-scale endowment, a large part of Senior's fortune was insulated from inheritance taxes. The first secretary of the foundation was
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534:, in 1921; this was subsequently nationalized when the Communists took over the country in 1949. In the same year it began a program of international fellowships to train scholars at many of the world's universities at the
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283:, encouraged him toward "permanent corporate philanthropies for the good of Mankind" so that his heirs should not "dissipate their inheritances or become intoxicated with power." In 1909 Rockefeller signed over 73,000
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In April 2019, it was announced that the foundation would no longer be funding the 100 Resilient Cities program as a whole. Some elements of the initiative's work, most prominently the funding of several cities'
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that
Rockefeller has been involved in Africa since their beginning in three main areas – health, agriculture and education, though agriculture has been and continues to be their largest investment in Africa.
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in the 1930s, as well as several scandals arising from their international field work. In 2021, the foundation's president committed to reckoning with their history, and to centering equity and inclusion.
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to serve as the 13th president of the foundation. Shah became the youngest person, at 43, and first Indian-American to serve as president of the foundation. He assumed the position March 1, succeeding
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as International Health Board), which began the foundation's first international public health activities. The International Health Division conducted campaigns in public health and sanitation against
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board of directors, warning of the possible social and environmental dangers of this biotechnology, and requesting them to disavow the use of so-called terminator genes; the company later complied.
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in the United Kingdom. they spent more than $ 25 million in developing other public health schools in the US and in 21 foreign countries. In 1913, it also began a 20-year support program of the
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Rockefeller Foundation, "The Strategy of Our Program in Psychiatry" (The Rockefeller Foundation, November 1, 1937), RG 3.1, series 906, box 2, folder 17, Rockefeller Archive Center, page 1,
334:, who wrote a "memorandum on principles and policies" for an early meeting of the trustees that established a rough framework for the foundation's work. It was initially located within the
5307:"Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in Partnership with The Rockefeller Foundation Announces Inaugural Grantees of Lincoln Center Cultural Innovation Fund – The Rockefeller Foundation"
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in a $ 150 million effort to fight hunger in the continent through improved agricultural productivity. In an interview marking the 100 year anniversary of the Rockefeller Foundation,
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Birn, Anne-Emanuelle. "Philanthrocapitalism, past and present: The Rockefeller Foundation, the Gates Foundation, and the setting (s) of the international/global health agenda."
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943:, but furthered and funded eugenic research through the 1930s. Even into the 1950s, Rockefeller continued to provide some funding for research borne out of German eugenics.
1260:; the primary intention being to stabilise the Mexican Government and derail any possible communist infiltration, in order to protect the Rockefeller family's investments.
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and influenced the development of Nazi racial scientific ideology. Rockefeller spent almost $ 3 million between 1925 and 1935, and also funded other German eugenicists,
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While the Rockefeller doctors working in tropical locales such as Mexico emphasized scientific neutrality, they had political and economic aims to promote the value of
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Hauptmann, Emily. "From opposition to accommodation: How Rockefeller Foundation grants redefined relations between political theory and social science in the 1950s."
4728:"The Early Eugenics Movement and Emerging Professional Psychiatry: Conceptual Transfers and Personal Relationships between Germany and North America, 1880s to 1930s"
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Rockefeller Foundation, "Annual Report, 1938," Governance Report, The Rockefeller Foundation: Annual Report (New York, NY: The Rockefeller Foundation, 1939), 171,
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A total of 100 cities across six continents were part of the 100 Resilient Cities program funded by the Rockefeller Foundation. In January 2016, the United States
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Agriculture was introduced to the Natural Sciences division of the foundation in the major reorganization of 1928. In 1941, the foundation gave a small grant to
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By 1926, Rockefeller had donated over $ 400,000, which would be almost $ 4 million adjusted for inflation in 2003, to hundreds of German researchers, including
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641:, seen as a successor to the IHD, was formed in 1948, and the IHD was subsumed by the larger Rockefeller Foundation in 1951, discontinuing its overseas work.
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1570:, 2017–, President of the foundation and ex-officio member of the board; served as a Rockefeller Foundation Trustee, 2015–2017; former administrator of the
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Press for Conversion! magazine, Issue # 53: "Facing the Corporate Roots of American Fascism," Bryan Sanders, Coalition to Oppose the Arms Trade, March 2004
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The Rockefeller Foundation continued funding German eugenics research even after it was clear that it was being used to rationalize discrimination against
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early-1940s. This division funded women's contraception and the human reproductive system in general, but also was involved in funding controversial
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Funding of programs and fellowships at major universities, foreign policy think tanks and research councils – see Robert Shaplen, op, cit., (passim)
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worked as an assistant in Verschuer's lab, though Rockefeller executives did not know of Mengele and stopped funding that specific research before
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are among the modern scholars who have researched this period. Researchers with the foundation including Noguchi developed the vaccine to prevent
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to set up this high-powered and influential advisory group on global financial issues, whose former chairman was longtime Rockefeller associate
6659:"Lessons of history? Anti-malaria strategies of the International Health Board and the Rockefeller Foundation from the 1920s to the era of DDT"
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Laurence, Peter L. "The death and life of urban design: Jane Jacobs, The Rockefeller Foundation and the new research in urbanism, 1955–1965."
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1005:, president of the Rockefeller Foundation, released a statement condemning eugenics and supporting the anti-eugenics movement. He stated that
5128:"American membership of the League of Nations: US philanthropy and the transformation of an intergovernmental organisation into a think tank"
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542:(also known as the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research) with many faculty holding overlapping positions between the institutions.
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https://rockfound.rockarch.org/digital-library-listing/-/asset_publisher/yYxpQfeI4W8N/content/the-strategy-of-our-program-in-psychiatry
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John D. Rockefeller Sr. first conceived the idea of the foundation in 1901. In 1906, Rockefeller's business and philanthropic advisor,
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258:, notable since the endowment was largely funded by Standard Oil. The foundation also has a controversial past, including support of
228:, the foundation provided $ 284 million for development in 2021. The foundation has given more than $ 14 billion in current dollars.
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is modeled on the International Health Division of the foundation, which sent doctors abroad to study and treat human subjects. The
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Wood, Andrew Grant. "Sanitizing the State: The Rockefeller International Health Board and the Yellow Fever Campaign in Veracruz."
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526:, whose mission was research and education on birth control, maternal health and sex education. In 1914, the foundation set up the
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Cotton, James. "Rockefeller, Carnegie, and the limits of American hegemony in the emergence of Australian international studies."
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As early as 1901, Rockefeller had realized he needed to create a foundation on a scale that dwarfed anything he had done so far...
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joined the board of trustees, re-establishing the direct family link and becoming the sixth family member to serve on the board.
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5897:"The Rockefeller Foundation Names Dr. Rajiv J. Shah, Former USAID Administrator, as Next President – The Rockefeller Foundation"
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are the most prominent areas of work of the foundation. On December 5, 1913, the Board made its first grant of $ 100,000 to the
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Hookworm and malaria research in Malaya, Java, and the Fiji Islands; report of Uncinariasis commission to the Orient, 1915–1917
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Journal of Modern European History / Zeitschrift für moderne europäische Geschichte / Revue d'histoire européenne contemporaine
4612:"PDF | The Link between the Rockefeller Foundation and Racial Hygiene in Nazi Germany. | ID: fj236d30d | Tufts Digital Library"
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Carola Sachse, "What research, to what end? The Rockefeller Foundation and the Max Planck Gesellschaft in the early cold war."
3500:"Public health policy paradoxes: science and politics in the Rockefeller Foundation's hookworm campaign in Mexico in the 1920s"
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1391:– with more than $ 437 million in disaster resilience funding. The grant was the largest ever received by the city of Norfolk.
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Fundamental Development of the Social Sciences: Rockefeller Philanthropy and the United States Social Science Research Council
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4437:"The Transnational Politics of Public Health and Population Control: The Rockefeller Foundation's Role in Japan, 1920s–1950s"
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research and trained over four hundred scientists from Asia, Africa and Latin America. It also invested in the production of
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The history of the council by Peter Grose, a council member – mentions financial support from the Rockefeller foundation.
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The Ideology of Philanthropy: The influence of the Carnegie, Ford, and Rockefeller foundations on American foreign policy
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Erdem, Murat, and W. ROSE Kenneth. "American Philanthropy ın Republican Turkey; The Rockefeller and Ford Foundations."
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2019:
James F. Orr, III, (board chair), president and chief executive officer, LandingPoint Capital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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2318:– 20 January 1961 – 3 October 1972; plant pathologist, "generally regarded as the father of 'the Green Revolution.'"
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when a judge determined that the U.S. government could not be held liable for actions committed outside of the U.S.
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In the interwar years, the foundation funded public health, nursing, and social work in Eastern and Central Europe.
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To cast out disease : a history of the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation (1913–1951)
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In 1950, the foundation expanded their international program of virus research, establishing field laboratories in
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John D. Rockefeller Jr. was an outspoken supporter of eugenics. Even as late as 1951, John D. Rockefeller III and
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Theodore Brown, Alan Gregg and the Rockefeller Foundation's Support of Franz Alexander's Psychosomatic Research,
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who served as president for nearly twelve years and announced her retirement, at age 71, in June 2016. A former
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5841:"A former USAID administrator becomes the thirteenth president of the Rockefeller Foundation – Ventures Africa"
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4957:"What Research, to What End? The Rockefeller Foundation and the Max Planck Gesellschaft in the Early Cold War"
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In the 1990s, the foundation shifted its agriculture work and emphasis to Africa; in 2006, it joined with the
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in 1944. A number of notable physicians and field scientists worked on the international campaigns, including
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The Arthropod-Borne Viruses of Vertebrates: An Account of The Rockefeller Foundation Virus Program, 1951–1970
6593:, E. P. Dutton, 1985. Called Foundation "unimaginative ... lacking leadership....slouching toward senility."
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The Arthropod-Borne Viruses of Vertebrates: An Account of The Rockefeller Foundation Virus Program, 1951–1970
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What Research, to What End? The Rockefeller Foundation and the Max Planck Gesellschaft in the Early Cold War
2378:– 1 March 2017 –, distinguished fellow in residence, Georgetown University; previously administrator of the
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Randall M. Packard, A History of Global Health, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016 (pp. 32–43)
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1975–1979 – chairman, board of governors, Federal Reserve Board; president, New York Federal Reserve Bank.
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To cast out disease: a history of the International Health Division of Rockefeller Foundation (1913-1951)
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Eckl, Julian. "The power of private foundations: Rockefeller and Gates in the struggle against malaria."
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are also modeled on the work funded by Rockefeller. It has also been a supporter of and influence on the
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The Nazi hydra in America: suppressed history of a century, Wall Street and the rise of the Fourth Reich
1106:. The film has been used as the basis for a curriculum on poverty, developed by the Teachers College at
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Demonstration lecture, Alexis Carrel performs surgery, Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, 1918
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departments in American universities, human heredity, mammalian biology, human physiology and anatomy,
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4501:"Ernst Rüdin – ein Schweizer Psychiater als ,,Führer" der Nazipsychiatrie – die ,,Endlösung" als Ziel"
2959:"Exclusive: A $ 5 billion foundation literally founded on oil money is saying goodbye to fossil fuels"
2598:– Funded research for the College of Agriculture and built an international house for foreign students
408:. In January 1929, LSRM funds were folded into the Rockefeller Foundation, in a major reorganization.
2898:"Rockefeller Foundation | Development Co-operation Profiles – Rockefeller Foundation | OECD iLibrary"
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An experiment was conducted by Vanderbilt University in the 1940s where they gave 800 pregnant women
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Stock in the family's oil companies had been a major part of the foundation's assets, beginning with
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Rockefeller Money, the Laboratory and Medicine in Edinburgh 1919–1930: New Science in an Old Country
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5419:"Haiti, the Rockefeller Foundation, and UNESCO's Pilot Project in Fundamental Education, 1948–1953"
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in Washington – Significant funding of research grants in the fields of economic and social studies
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The Molecular Vision of Life: Caltech, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the Rise of the New Biology
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3313:"Extending Public Health: The Rockefeller Sanitary Commission and Hookworm in the American South"
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1972–1978; founding director of the Population, Health and Nutrition Department of the World Bank
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cells into Puerto Rican patients, inspiring Puerto Rican nationalist and anti-colonialist leader
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593:, totaling fifty-two countries on six continents and twenty-nine islands. The first director was
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as the third inaugural trustee, in the first installment of a projected $ 100 million endowment.
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5187:"The Rockefeller Foundation and the Transition from the League of Nations to the UN (1939–1946)"
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677:, though his eponymous award for oncological excellence was renamed after the scandal reemerged.
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3706:"The Wilbur A. Sawyer Papers: From Hookworm to Yellow Fever: Rockefeller Foundation, 1919–1927"
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David Rockefeller Jr., 2006–2016, chair of foundation board Dec. 2010– ; vice-chairman of
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5368:"The Rockefeller Foundation and Haitian Artists: Maurice Borno, Jean Chenet, and Luce Turnier"
5044:"Statement by Dr. Rajiv J. Shah on the Anti-Eugenics Project's Dismantling Eugenics Convening"
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foundation globally by endowment, with assets of over $ 6.3 billion in 2022. According to the
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1993–2002 – author; professor and curator, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University.
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for "roles in a 1940s U.S. government experiment that infected hundreds of Guatemalans with
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The foundation has had an international reach since the 1930s and major influence on global
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https://assets.rockefellerfoundation.org/app/uploads/20150530122134/Annual-Report-1938.pdf
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Foundation withdrew from direct involvement in Industrial Relations – see Robert Shaplen,
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Between Quality and Quantity: The Population Council and the Politics of "Science-making"
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1960–1961 – US Treasury Secretary, 1961–1965; member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
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crops, including rice and maize. In 1999, the then president Gordon Conway addressed the
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was built on donation from Rockefeller Foundation in 1926 and a foundation stone laid by
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CFR Website – Continuing the Inquiry: The Council on Foreign Relations from 1921 to 1996
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5075:"La fondation Rockefeller et la naissance de l'universalisme philanthropique américain"
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and the Rockefeller Foundation are currently the subject of a $ 1 billion lawsuit from
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New York Times: Rockefeller Foundation Elects 5 – Including Alan Alda and Peggy Dulany
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Benjamin B. Page, "The Rockefeller Foundation and Central Europe: A Reconsideration."
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5497:
5478:"The Rockefeller Foundation, the Social Sciences, and the Humanities in the Cold War"
5438:
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3002:
2944:"Global Forum on Human Development" (1999). As model for UN organizations, pp. 64–65.
2625:
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1227:
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1039:
1019:
792:, 751 of which were pills, without their consent. In a 1969 article published in the
573:, and hookworm in areas throughout Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean including
455:
443:
421:
6728:
Youde, Jeremy. "The Rockefeller and Gates Foundations in global health governance."
6571:
Shared journey: The Rockefeller Foundation, human capital, and development in Africa
5611:"You've probably never heard of CGIAR, but they are essential to feeding our future"
5517:
1974:
chairman: 1946–1949; 1953–1958 – prominent US presidential advisor; chairman of the
6678:
6670:
6629:
Perkins, John H. "The Rockefeller Foundation and the green revolution, 1941–1956."
6584:
6406:
6386:
5489:
5430:
5198:
5139:
5086:
4968:
4739:
4653:
4512:
4321:
4262:
4017:
3776:
3748:
3656:
3645:""Porto Ricochet": Joking about Germs, Cancer, and Race Extermination in the 1930s"
3511:
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2621:
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789:
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185:
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5202:
4657:
4568:
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics, 1927–1945
3736:
3602:
Subjected to science: human experimentation in America before the Second World War
3552:
Marriage of convenience: Rockefeller International Health and revolutionary Mexico
896:, continuing even after Hitler's ascent to power in 1933; Rüdin's work influenced
6784:
6618:
6309:
6290:
6266:
6247:
6228:
6209:
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2787:
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2290:
2205:
1987:
1975:
1961:
1955:
1947:
1936:
1882:
1864:
1836:
1600:
1492:
1473:
1388:
1273:
1211:
1163:
1139:
Rusk was involved with funding the humanities and the social sciences during the
1085:
983:
885:
838:
815:
622:
451:
378:
313:
5992:, foundation webpage plus associated bio pages on members. Retrieved 2020-07-27.
3605:(Johns Hopkins paperbacks ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
1430:, Rodin was the first woman to head the foundation. Rodin in turn had succeeded
373:
In 1914, the trustees set up a new Department of Industrial Relations, inviting
216:. It is the second-oldest major philanthropic institution in America (after the
6674:
6644:
4309:
4139:
4095:
2032:
1971:
1910:
1604:
1506:
1483:
1344:
1284:) to sign on to the major philanthropic project, known now to the world as the
1215:
1190:
1175:
1023:
960:
932:
614:
594:
514:, two of the first such institutions in the United States, and established the
401:
322:
307:
248:
5143:
4972:
4611:
4469:
4325:
1113:
The Cultural Innovation Fund is a pilot grant program that is overseen by the
861:
6875:
6857:
6844:
6433:
5953:"Judith Rodin, Rockefeller Foundation CEO: 'Culture Eats Strategy for Lunch'"
5501:
5442:
5383:
5210:
5151:
5100:
4980:
4751:
4665:
4524:
4380:
4333:
4274:
4211:
3987:"Johns Hopkins, Bristol-Myers must face $ 1 billion syphilis infections suit"
3760:
3668:
3570:
3469:
3419:
3336:
3328:
3099:
2677:
2552:
in Washington – Helped finance the training of foreign officials through the
2351:
2233:
2101:
1932:
1900:
1856:
1748:
1431:
1321:
1182:", the property bequeathed to the foundation in 1959 under the presidency of
1054:
940:
928:
901:
889:
842:
819:
767:
707:
699:
662:
658:
645:
618:
610:
545:
535:
488:
335:
83:
6612:
Launching Global Health: The Caribbean Odyssey of the Rockefeller Foundation
6599:
Ninkovich, Frank. "The Rockefeller Foundation, China, and Cultural Change."
6566:, Rochester Studies in Medical History, University of Rochester Press, 2005.
5127:
4047:
3620:
404:, stimulating the founding of university research centers, and creating the
28:
6692:
6651:
Toward the Well-Being of Mankind: Fifty Years of the Rockefeller Foundation
6398:
5731:
4935:
4775:"As scholars tried to flee the Nazis, U.S. universities closed their doors"
4759:
3768:
3660:
3523:
3354:
3065:
Toward the Well-Being of Mankind: Fifty Years of the Rockefeller Foundation
2767:
2742:
2681:
2361:
2227:
2179:
2091:
1820:
1780:
1752:
1419:
1380:
1340:
1081:
975:
916:
905:
877:
729:
670:
598:
570:
553:
462:
425:
367:
339:
284:
197:
193:
189:
182:
113:
6716:
Ask the Experts: How Ford, Rockefeller, and the NEA Changed American Music
5927:"Judith Rodin Steps Down as Head of Rockefeller Foundation" (subscription)
5091:
4532:
4516:
4191:
3644:
3550:
3449:
3399:
1999:, 2009–2018, Finance Minister of Nigeria; former managing director of the
1783:, 1989–1994 – Fourth child of David Rockefeller; founder and president of
5493:
4743:
3950:
3946:
3600:
2294:
2094:, president of the foundation (2005–2016); ex-officio member of the board
1981:
1852:
1793:
1935–1952 (chairman) – US Secretary of State, 1953–1959; senior partner,
1577:
1532:
1499:, Rwanda Minister of Finance and Economic Planning between 1997 and 2005.
1440:
1384:
1312:
are part of a consortium of agricultural research organizations known as
1301:
1122:
1097:
1077:
948:
680:
590:
347:
343:
255:
6810:
6777:
5509:
5477:
5450:
5434:
5418:
5391:
5367:
5218:
5186:
4988:
4956:
2324:– 3 October 1972 – 31 December 1979; physician, general director of the
435:
5596:
The story of the Foundation and the Green Revolution – see Mark Dowie,
5337:"Lincoln Center Cultural Innovation Fund Awards Innovation Fund Grants"
4900:
The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family
4470:"The Horrifying American Roots of Nazi Eugenics | History News Network"
4282:
4250:
3873:
The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family
3287:
Biomedicine in the Twentieth Century: Practices, Policies, and Politics
2728:
2549:
2422: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2375:
2344:– 11 January 1988 – 31 December 1997; former executive director of the
2199:
2000:
1658: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1567:
1415:
1325:
1281:
1002:
703:
466:
302:
in 1910, with at one stage Junior even secretly meeting with President
139:
2214:, 2002–2010, vice president for academic affairs, Tan Tao University,
870:
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics
673:. Rhoads later became a significant cancer researcher and director of
6822:
The Rockefeller foundation, International health board. New York 1920
6436:. "The Rockefeller Foundation and the international health agenda"],
5871:“Rockefeller Foundation Picks Rajiv J. Shah, a Trustee, as President”
2612:, a Canadian neurosurgeon, who had met David Rockefeller years before
2502:
2305:
2275:
2127:
2026:
1923:
1917–1921; 1925–1928 – Chief Justice of the United States, 1930–1941.
1732:
1608:
1520:
1510:
1414:
On January 5, 2017, the board of trustees announced the selection of
1364:
1183:
1167:
1093:
798:, it was estimated that three children had died from the experiment.
759:
745:
582:
530:, which established the first public health university in China, the
87:
6537:
The Circuit Riders: Rockefeller Money and the Rise of Modern Science
5701:"A century of innovation? Philanthropy and the African growth story"
4266:
3311:
Elman, Cheryl; McGuire, Robert A.; Wittman, Barbara (January 2014).
2397:
1633:
428:, was appointed to the board for a five-year term. In October 2006,
377:
to head it. He became a close and key advisor to Junior through the
6390:
4945:, The New School for Social Research webpage. Retrieved 2013-02-17.
2528:
and the US government on World War II strategy and forward planning
2040:
1951:
1941:
1558:
1540:
1268:
1140:
1118:
920:
850:
763:
695:
666:
561:
259:
162:
6038:
Home and Abroad Public Forum: U.S. Strategy and the War in Ukraine
4024:. The Miller-McCune Center for Research, Media and Public Policy.
1248:
for maize research, in collaboration with the then new president,
810:, who was chairman of the foundation at the time, established the
725:
388:
6766:
2387:
2223:
2147:
2004:
1891:, 2003–2012, partner, Healey Development LLC; teaching course at
1881:
1951–1961 – Rockefeller family architect; lead architect for the
1804:
1612:
1549:
1069:
1043:
998:, both established by him while he was still a graduate student.
566:
295:
3791:"The Alan Gregg Papers: Director of Medical Sciences, 1930–1945"
2049:, chairperson, Circle Capital Ventures, Cape Town, South Africa.
6828:
6801:
SFGate.com: "Eugenics and the Nazis: the California Connection"
5957:
1745:, 1934–1953; Ambassador to the Court of St. James's, 1953–1957.
1616:
1615:
India; Special Representative for Young People and Innovation,
1289:
1245:
1133:
737:
586:
578:
6372:"The Rockefeller Foundation and the rise of molecular biology"
5785:"The Rise, Fall, and Possible Rebirth of 100 Resilient Cities"
3875:. Medical Sciences Division and Alfred Kinsey funding, p. 456.
2284:– 30 May 1936 – 22 August 1948; brother of American clergyman
503:
to purchase property for its headquarters in Washington, D.C.
4642:"The Rockefeller Foundation and the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute"
2121:
2036:
1313:
1277:
1171:
1162:
The foundation also owns and operates the Bellagio Center in
1150:
In July 2022, the Rockefeller Foundation granted $ 1m to the
1129:
854:
733:
717:
574:
6448:
Rockefeller Medicine Men: Medicine and Capitalism in America
6026:
Reena Ninan on Council on Foreign Relations Official Website
1206:
The Bellagio Center operates both a conference center and a
396:
Junior became the foundation chairman in 1917. Through the
5815:"100 Resilient Cities relaunches as an independent network"
4076:"Experiment subjects to get $ 10.3 million from university"
1463:
1451:. She currently works as a presider of their public forums.
936:
741:
538:. The Foundation also maintained a close relationship with
225:
5600:, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2001, (pp. 105–140)
4867:"Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced Foreign Scholars"
4120:"1940s study gave radioactive pills to 751 pregnant women"
4069:
4067:
3498:
Birn, Anne-Emanuelle; Solórzano, Armando (November 1999).
3369:"Southerners Weren't 'Lazy,' Just Infected With Hookworms"
2540:
in Washington – Support of the diplomatic training program
1978:, 1958–1965; chairman of the council on Foreign Relations.
1064:
In the arts, the Rockefeller Foundation has supported the
254:
In 2020, the foundation pledged that it would divest from
6316:
City Room blog, June 24, 2008. Both retrieved 2011-01-09.
4581:
4464:
4462:
4161:"The Forgotten Lessons of the American Eugenics Movement"
3067:, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1964, (p. 128)
2364:- 1 January 2005 – 1 March 2017; former president of the
2189:
2161:
1252:. This was done after the intervention of Vice President
857:
in 1922 and influenced the birth control movement there.
492:
351:
6791:
Foundation Center: Top 50 US Foundations by total giving
6746:. The Rockefeller Foundation/Rockefeller Archive Center.
6004:, Atlantic Council Official Website, accessed 08/12/2024
4705:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. pp. 47–58.
4702:
From Racism to Genocide: Anthropology in the Third Reich
4196:. John Hawkins. Joshua Tree, Calif.: Progressive Press.
1833:
1913–1923 – John D. Rockefeller Sr.'s principal advisor.
1403:
1296:
in Mexico. It also provided significant funding for the
6250:, The Rockefeller Archive Center. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
6231:, The Rockefeller Archive Center. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
4896:
Harr, John Ensor; Johnson, Peter J. (August 10, 1988).
4064:
2237:
982:
The foundation also supported the early initiatives of
6703:. (1973) Yale University Press. New Haven and London.
6303:"Remembering the Travel Scandal at the Port Authority"
6090:"C. Douglas Dillon Dies at 93; Was in Kennedy Cabinet"
5671:"Rockefeller Foundation | Terra Viva Grants Directory"
5582:. The Rockefeller Foundation. Retrieved on 2013-08-24.
4807:"The Rockefeller Foundation's Refugee Scholar Program"
4459:
3088:"C. Douglas Dillon Dies at 93; Was in Kennedy Cabinet"
2368:, and provost, chair of the Department of Psychology,
1470:; chair of the Board of Counselors, McLarty Associates
1128:
The Rockefeller Foundation supported the art scene in
963:
provide a haven for scholars threatened by the Nazis.
2261:– 6 November 1917 – 20 September 1929; member of the
1509:
Research Department's Global Strategy Team; formerly
837:, until 1939. The foundation also provided grants to
6440:, (2013) Volume 381, Issue 9878, Pages 1618 - 1619,
3737:"Revisiting a 1930s Scandal, AACR to Rename a Prize"
3284:
Hannaway, Caroline; Harden, Victoria Angela (2008).
3128:, New York: Columbia University Press, 1972. (p. 72)
2628:– Grant for a building to house five million volumes
2208:
1961–1967? – president of the World Bank, 1963–1968.
1038:
Siyuan Hall, 1923 Rockefeller Foundation donated to
1013:
465:
and later with its corporate descendants, including
6014:
Reena Ninan on Atlantic Foundation Official Website
3310:
3171:Kaiser, David; Wasserman, Lee (December 22, 2016).
2826:
Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2022
1072:, Canada, and the American Shakespeare Festival in
212:, on May 14, 1913, when its charter was granted by
4897:
4126:. Galveston, Texas. December 21, 1993. p. 3.
3138:Kaiser, David; Wasserman, Lee (December 8, 2016).
3043:. London: Pickering & Chatto. pp. 81–89.
3041:Rockefeller Philanthropy and Modern Social Science
2380:United States Agency for International Development
1572:United States Agency for International Development
1434:in 2005. Current staff as of June 1, 2021 include:
6450:, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979.
4582:"Rockefeller Center, Carnegie Hall, and Eugenics"
4114:
4112:
3220:Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health,
3173:"The Rockefeller Family Fund Takes on ExxonMobil"
2640:– Major funding for fellowships and grants-in-aid
2334:– 1 January 1980 – 11 January 1988; president of
1046:. Now it is Nankai University School of Medicine.
287:shares worth $ 50 million, to his son, Gates and
6873:
6653:, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1964.
6284:"Rockefeller Foundation Selects a New President"
6050:Conflict in the Middle East—The Israel-Hamas War
6002:Reena Ninan on Atlantic Council Official Website
4248:
3555:. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
2840:"Company Overview of The Rockefeller Foundation"
2565:and medical, business and administration Schools
1310:International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
1294:International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
420:, who gave up the trusteeship in 1981. In 1989,
6505:, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 1993.
6486:The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations
6418:. New York: State University of New York Press.
4837:"World War II & the Rockefeller Foundation"
3170:
3137:
2866:"Research Library – The Rockefeller Foundation"
2819:
2817:
2660:
1929:1949–1961 – US Secretary of Defense, 1951–1953.
1755:'s private attorney; founding president of the
560:The Sanitary Commission for the Eradication of
196:, New York City. The foundation was created by
6892:Institutions founded by the Rockefeller family
6583:, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
6472:American Foundations: An Investigative History
6150:"Chairman and Trustees Elected at Rockefeller"
5598:American Foundations: An Investigative History
4109:
3283:
2654:
2388:Organizations that received Rockefeller grants
1954:a businessman and cellphone pioneer, founding
1263:By 1943, this program, under the foundation's
1178:. The center is sometimes referred to as the "
706:, and the studies of human sexual behavior by
520:London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
518:at the University of Toronto in 1927, and the
366:in the center, before shifting to its current
3497:
2130:1950–1961 – US Secretary of State, 1961–1969.
1408:
1379:(NDRC), awarding three 100RC member cities –
354:), along with the newly named family office,
294:The nascent foundation applied for a federal
6912:Educational foundations in the United States
6078:" 28, May 1989. Retrieved on 4 January 2019.
6060:
6058:
4307:
3945:
3001:. New York: Random House. pp. 563–566.
2814:
2649:National Institute of Public Health of Japan
2297:executive and author of landmark 1938 book,
1018:Although the United States never joined the
801:
6465:International Relations of the Asia-Pacific
5252:"Charities Try to Keep Up With the Gateses"
4895:
3915:"Rockefeller Foundation Annual Report 1962"
2695:Graduate Institute of International Studies
1373:Department of Housing and Urban Development
829:The Rockefeller Foundation, along with the
6549:, New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
6455:Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller Sr.
6193:, December 19, 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-27.
4308:Müller-Wille, Staffan (October 27, 2010).
4251:"On the Origins of the Population Council"
3594:
3592:
2538:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
1966:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
876:) which conducted eugenics experiments in
439:Standard Oil Trust stock certificate, 1896
27:
6760:Rockefeller Institute, New York, NY, 1917
6744:100 Years: The International Health Board
6682:
6656:
6336:"Trending Topics in Treasury and Finance"
6055:
6052:, CFR Official Website, October 26th 2023
5090:
4924:Major rescue program of European scholars
4725:
4505:Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
4234:
3443:
3441:
3344:
3258:
2998:Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller Sr
2697:– funded general budget from 1927 to 1954
2482:Learn how and when to remove this message
2346:Port Authority of New York and New Jersey
2013:, 2006–2013, associate justice, retired,
1718:Learn how and when to remove this message
1288:. It was originally conceived in 1943 as
874:Max Planck Institute for Medical Research
770:government was dismissed in 2011 for the
6755:
6718:, (Oxford University Press, 2020) 270pp.
6512:, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1956.
5592:
5590:
5588:
5277:"Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts"
3871:Harr, John Ensor, and Peter J. Johnson,
3493:
3491:
2952:
2950:
2651:(formerly The Institute of Public Health
2604:– The Rockefeller Foundation funded the
2596:University of the Philippines, Los Baños
2532:Royal Institute of International Affairs
2493:
1813:1982–1996 (chairman) – president of the
1377:National Disaster Resilience Competition
1355:
1195:
1033:
1029:
994:) and the early foreign policy magazine
986:, such as his directorship of Harvard's
965:
910:
898:compulsory sterilisation in Nazi Germany
776:
679:
544:
471:
458:, served as chairman of the foundation.
434:
387:
312:
270:
6897:1913 establishments in New York (state)
6539:. New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 1989.
6517:The Story of the Rockefeller Foundation
6369:
5886:, January 4, 2017. Retrieve 2017-01-04.
5475:
5184:
5125:
5072:
5021:Early backing of Henry Kissinger – see
4877:from the original on September 29, 2022
4698:
4015:
3642:
3598:
3589:
3397:
3140:"The Rockefeller Family Fund vs. Exxon"
3124:Share portfolio – see Waldemar Nielsen
2994:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2969:from the original on September 12, 2022
2518:(CFR) – Especially the notable 1939–45
1092:in New York. The foundation underwrote
1057:in 1933. It is the headquarters of the
448:United States Secretary of the Treasury
275:John D. Rockefeller Sr. and Jr. in 1915
208:", and their primary business advisor,
6907:Foundations based in the United States
6874:
6413:
6180:"Outgoing ASEAN Chief’s Farewell Tour"
5965:from the original on February 25, 2013
5942:, June 15, 2016. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
5317:from the original on November 10, 2017
4954:
4498:
4366:
4189:
4073:
4028:from the original on February 10, 2020
3447:
3438:
1823:, 2006–2015, former chairman and CEO,
1735:, 1989–1994 – actor and film director.
826:, and goals of the eugenics movement.
6379:Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
5585:
5416:
5347:from the original on November 9, 2017
5287:from the original on November 9, 2017
5166:from the original on January 15, 2023
5126:Tournès, Ludovic (November 1, 2018).
4367:Kevles, Daniel J. (October 5, 2003).
4348:from the original on January 15, 2023
4082:. Santa Cruz, California. p. 7.
3997:from the original on January 18, 2021
3927:from the original on November 6, 2022
3801:from the original on February 1, 2018
3734:
3716:from the original on February 8, 2018
3675:from the original on January 15, 2023
3577:from the original on January 15, 2023
3488:
3476:from the original on January 15, 2023
3426:from the original on January 15, 2023
3015:from the original on January 15, 2023
2947:
2928:"The Rockefeller Foundation Timeline"
1590:, 2019–, former President & CEO,
1529:, 2019–, co-founder, Sahel Consulting
1404:People affiliated with the foundation
1306:International Rice Research Institute
1298:International Rice Research Institute
508:Johns Hopkins School of Public Health
6087:
6040:, CFR Official Website, May 4th 2023
5907:from the original on January 7, 2017
5851:from the original on January 4, 2018
5791:. Bloomberg CityLab. June 12, 2019.
5681:from the original on January 4, 2018
5554:from the original on August 27, 2022
5524:from the original on August 19, 2022
5457:from the original on August 19, 2022
5398:from the original on August 19, 2022
5233:from the original on August 17, 2022
5054:from the original on August 17, 2022
5003:from the original on August 17, 2022
4847:from the original on August 17, 2022
4817:from the original on August 17, 2022
4772:
4732:Canadian Bulletin of Medical History
4680:from the original on August 17, 2022
4652:(2189): 526–527. December 11, 1936.
4622:from the original on August 17, 2022
4592:from the original on August 14, 2021
4480:from the original on August 18, 2022
4447:from the original on August 17, 2022
4417:from the original on August 17, 2022
4387:from the original on August 17, 2022
4289:from the original on August 19, 2022
4171:from the original on August 17, 2022
3548:
3379:from the original on August 16, 2022
3263:. Toronto : Univ. of Toronto Press.
3261:The University of Toronto: a history
3085:
3038:
2981:
2956:
2908:from the original on October 2, 2023
2748:Association Internationale Africaine
2718:Center for Health Market Innovations
2690:– funded research and general budget
2644:National Bureau of Economic Research
2420:adding citations to reliable sources
2391:
2255:– 11 February 1913 – 6 November 1917
2025:, 2007–2021, chairman of the board,
1897:John F. Kennedy School of Government
1656:adding citations to reliable sources
1627:
1351:
1132:in 1948 and a literacy project with
833:, was the primary financier for the
6510:John D. Rockefeller Jr., A Portrait
6297:, May 8, 1988. Goldmark was son of
6160:from the original on March 16, 2015
5765:from the original on March 23, 2017
5739:from the original on March 12, 2017
5365:
4224:
3840:Bulletin of the History of Medicine
3643:Lederer, S. E. (December 1, 2002).
3454:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2054:Rockefeller Family & Associates
1337:Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
1201:Senate House (University of London)
1051:Senate House (University of London)
321:On May 14, 1913, New York Governor
16:American philanthropic organization
13:
6363:
6346:from the original on June 25, 2020
6130:from the original on July 22, 2020
5821:from the original on March 3, 2021
5817:. Cities Today. February 7, 2020.
5795:from the original on March 9, 2021
4787:from the original on June 21, 2020
4130:from the original on March 8, 2021
4086:from the original on March 8, 2021
3530:from the original on March 8, 2021
3183:from the original on June 19, 2021
3152:from the original on July 31, 2020
3076:Seim, David L. (2013), pp. 103–112
2708:Trinidad Regional Virus Laboratory
2573:Institute of International Studies
2308:– 17 July 1952 – 19 January 1961;
2035:, 2010–2012, secretary general of
2015:Supreme Court of the United States
1915:California Institute of Technology
1903:and an Assistant Secretary of the
1839:, 2010–2019, president and CEO of
1478:University of Global Health Equity
1466:, 2009–2013, Operating Executive,
1157:
698:research. Other funding went into
653:. Noguchi was also involved in an
550:Trinidad Regional Virus Laboratory
398:Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial
346:, later (in 1933) shifting to the
14:
6923:
6751:
6527:American Political Science Review
6100:from the original on May 11, 2019
6065:"Rockefeller Foundation Elects 5"
5651:from the original on May 27, 2013
5621:from the original on May 11, 2020
5107:from the original on May 26, 2021
4773:Roth, Michael (January 9, 2020).
4726:Stahnisch, Frank W (April 2014).
4547:from the original on June 4, 2018
4255:Population and Development Review
3735:Starr, Douglas (April 25, 2003).
3317:American Journal of Public Health
3239:Harvard School of Public Health,
3106:from the original on May 11, 2019
2773:Philanthropy in the United States
2714:Results for Development Institute
2676:– In 1978 the foundation invited
2293:– 22 August 1948 – 17 July 1952;
2278:– 20 September 1929 – 30 May 1936
1596:Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
1537:International Chamber of Commerce
1513:(1995 to 2004) and 26 years with
1014:Development of the United Nations
381:, turning around his attitude to
6827:
6765:
6498:(Oxford University Press, 2004).
6328:
6319:
6276:
6253:
6234:
6215:
6196:
6172:
6142:
6112:
6081:
6043:
6031:
6019:
6007:
5995:
4145:
4101:
2957:Egan, Matt (December 18, 2020).
2634:of New York – Funded fellowships
2563:Center for International Affairs
2396:
2310:United States Secretary of State
2152:Carnegie Corporation of New York
1632:
1623:
1519:Yifei Li, 2013–, country chair,
795:American Journal of Epidemiology
483:
76:Non-operating private foundation
6699:Theiler, Max and Downs, W. G.,
6088:Pace, Eric (January 12, 2003).
5977:
5945:
5919:
5889:
5863:
5833:
5807:
5777:
5751:
5719:
5693:
5663:
5633:
5603:
5566:
5536:
5469:
5410:
5359:
5329:
5299:
5269:
5245:
5178:
5119:
5066:
5036:
5015:
4948:
4929:
4889:
4859:
4829:
4799:
4766:
4719:
4692:
4634:
4604:
4574:
4559:
4492:
4429:
4399:
4360:
4301:
4249:Rockefeller], [John D. (1977).
4242:
4218:
4183:
4153:
4074:Miller, Karin (July 28, 1998).
4046:Pacchioli, David, (March 1996)
4040:
4009:
3979:
3939:
3907:
3891:
3878:
3865:
3845:
3832:
3813:
3783:
3728:
3698:
3687:
3636:
3627:
3542:
3391:
3361:
3304:
3277:
3252:
3233:
3214:
3195:
3164:
3131:
3118:
3086:Pace, Eric (January 12, 2003).
3079:
3070:
3057:
3032:
2638:Social Science Research Council
2606:Montreal Neurological Institute
2407:needs additional citations for
2150:Ventures; and a trustee of the
2118:Mailman School of Public Health
1643:needs additional citations for
1582:National Basketball Association
1447:, Rockefeller Foundation &
1143:period, including study of the
845:, who supported birth control,
766:". A previous suit against the
655:unethical human experimentation
512:Harvard School of Public Health
506:The foundation established the
406:Social Science Research Council
317:John D. Rockefeller Sr. in 1919
306:, through the aegis of Senator
116:, New York City, New York, U.S.
6811:Rockefeller Foundation website
6474:, Boston: The MIT Press, 2001.
6457:, London: Warner Books, 1998.
6212:, p. VI. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
5341:Philanthropy News Digest (PND)
4016:Mariani, Mike (May 28, 2015).
2938:
2920:
2890:
2858:
2842:. Businessweek. Archived from
2832:
2801:
2554:Economic Development Institute
2326:Massachusetts General Hospital
2300:The Functions of the Executive
2140:, Inc., New York; chairman of
2113:, 2007–2019, professor at the
1992:University of Texas at El Paso
1548:, 2017–, President & CEO,
1497:African Development Bank Group
1476:, 2019–, Vice-Chancellor, The
1462:; Supreme Allied Commander at
1233:
1125:with three overarching goals.
1066:Stratford Shakespeare Festival
772:Guatemala syphilis experiments
233:non-governmental organizations
1:
5203:10.17104/1611-8944_2014_3_323
4658:10.1126/science.84.2189.526-b
4565:Schmuhl, Hans Walter (2008).
4499:Peters, U. (September 1996).
4407:"Philanthropy's Original Sin"
3549:Birn, Anne-Emanuelle (2006).
3516:10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00160-4
3504:Social Science & Medicine
3259:Friedland, Martin L. (2002).
2794:
2758:Eugenics in the United States
2582:Office of Population Research
2571:– Substantial funding to the
2245:
2120:; former chairman and CEO of
2056:; director and former chair,
2003:; former Foreign Minister of
1557:, 2020–, Former President of
6631:Agriculture and Human Values
6624:University of Michigan Press
5417:Verna, Chantalle F. (2016).
4369:"Here Comes the Master Race"
3753:10.1126/science.300.5619.573
3694:National Library of Medicine
3177:The New York Review of Books
3145:The New York Review of Books
2516:Council on Foreign Relations
1990:, 2004–2014, president, The
1913:, senior faculty associate,
1871:; former managing director,
1855:, 2006–11, former director,
1757:Council on Foreign Relations
1741:1935–1951 – chairman of the
1449:Council on Foreign Relations
931:and other groups, after the
866:Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer
532:Peking Union Medical College
245:National Institute of Health
7:
6601:Journal of American History
5544:"Wikimedia Foundation 2022"
5482:Journal of Cold War Studies
4018:"The Guatemala Experiments"
2735:
2665:) "School of Public Health"
2661:
2222:, the second university in
2058:Rockefeller & Co., Inc.
1594:; former CEO and co-chair,
1495:, 2015–, former president,
1265:Mexican Agriculture Project
992:Central Intelligence Agency
477:University College Hospital
375:William Lyon Mackenzie King
241:National Science Foundation
10:
6928:
6739:Rockefeller Foundation 990
6675:10.1177/003335490411900214
6569:Mathers, Kathryn Frances.
6432:Birn, Anne-Emanuelle, and
6414:Berman, Edward H. (1983).
6370:Abir-Am, Pnina G. (2002).
6271:Rockefeller Archive Center
6260:John Hilton Knowles Papers
5901:The Rockefeller Foundation
5761:. Rockefeller Foundation.
5548:The Rockefeller Foundation
5372:Journal of Haitian Studies
5311:The Rockefeller Foundation
5281:www.aboutlincolncenter.org
5048:The Rockefeller Foundation
4871:Transatlantic Perspectives
4699:Schafft, Gretchen (2004).
3599:Lederer, Susan E. (1997).
2809:The Rockefeller Foundation
2701:University of Lyon, France
2688:London School of Economics
2382:(USAID) from 2010 to 2015.
2366:University of Pennsylvania
2356:Royal Geographical Society
2198:– former president of the
2188:1963–1970? – president of
2160:1961–1966? – president of
2143:Arlington Capital Partners
1603:, 2014–, former chairman,
1574:(USAID) from 2010 to 2017.
1539:, The B Team; Former CEO,
1443:is a former member of the
1428:University of Pennsylvania
1409:Board members and trustees
1237:
330:, the former secretary of
266:
192:organization based at 420
22:The Rockefeller Foundation
6657:Stapleton, D. H. (2004).
6301:. See Blumenthal, Ralph,
6178:Parameswaran, Prashanth,
5185:Tournès, Ludovic (2014).
5144:10.1057/s41311-017-0110-4
5073:Tournès, Ludovic (2007).
5033:, (updated) 2005, (p. 72)
4973:10.1017/S0008938909000041
4326:10.1007/s11016-010-9477-1
3649:American Literary History
2778:Rockefeller Brothers Fund
2684:, until his death in 2019
2655:
2170:1939–1957 – publisher of
2060:; current trustee of the
1867:; Special Advisor to the
1803:1914–1917 – president of
1771:1960–1963 – publisher of
1375:announced winners of its
1186:(who was later to become
802:Eugenics and World War II
639:World Health Organization
237:World Health Organization
157:
147:
133:
123:
105:
93:
71:
53:
35:
26:
6222:George E. Vincent Papers
5476:Mueller, Tim B. (2013).
5366:Twa, Lindsay J. (2020).
4961:Central European History
4310:"Eugenics: Then and now"
4124:The Galveston Daily News
3899:Central European History
3329:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301472
2823:Rockefeller Foundation.
2662:Kokuritsu Kōshū Eisei-in
2431:"Rockefeller Foundation"
2236:1928–1939 – chairman of
2100:1917–1931 – chairman of
1667:"Rockefeller Foundation"
1546:Sharon Percy Rockefeller
1505:, 2012–, Vice-chairman,
1458:(chair), 2018–, retired
1397:Chief Resilience Officer
959:. The foundation helped
847:compulsory sterilization
756:Johns Hopkins University
684:Nelson Rockefeller, 1954
675:Memorial Sloan-Kettering
524:Bureau of Social Hygiene
392:Frederick T. Gates, 1922
362:; later it moved to the
6562:Lawrence, Christopher.
6554:Journal of Urban Design
6529:100.4 (2006): 643–649.
6467:12.1 (2012): 161–192. [
6273:. Retrieved 2011-01-09.
6241:J. George Harrar Papers
5939:The Wall Street Journal
5925:Ramachandran, Shalini,
5079:Critique Internationale
4955:Sachse, Carola (2009).
4906:Charles Scribner's Sons
4080:The Santa Cruz Sentinel
3039:Seim, David L. (2013).
2829:. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
2589:– Establishment of the
2270:General Education Board
2253:John D. Rockefeller Jr.
2240:, 1922–1939, 1942–1945.
2080:John D. Rockefeller III
2074:John D. Rockefeller Jr.
1984:1969–1981 – journalist.
1795:Sullivan & Cromwell
1580:, 2020–, Commissioner,
1280:, and later still, the
1256:and the involvement of
1193:'s secretary of state).
990:(funded as well by the
635:William Bosworth Castle
418:John D. Rockefeller, IV
414:John D. Rockefeller III
289:Harold Fowler McCormick
62:John D. Rockefeller Jr.
41:; 111 years ago
6902:Eugenics organizations
6882:Rockefeller Foundation
6834:Rockefeller Foundation
6772:Rockefeller Foundation
6770:Quotations related to
6761:
6732:27.2 (2013): 139–158.
6603:70.4 (1984): 799–820.
6589:Nielsen, Waldemar A.,
6556:11.2 (2006): 145–172.
6016:, accessed Aug 15 2024
5132:International Politics
5027:Kissinger: A Biography
4474:historynewsnetwork.org
4048:"Subjected to Science"
3398:Ettling, John (1980).
2807:FoundationCenter.org,
2511:Rockefeller University
2506:
2499:Rockefeller University
2168:Arthur Hays Sulzberger
2086:John D. Rockefeller IV
1873:McKinsey & Company
1831:Frederick Taylor Gates
1611:India (2004–2011) and
1563:2016 Nobel Peace Prize
1368:
1361:Rockefeller University
1203:
1074:Stratford, Connecticut
1047:
1011:
988:International Seminars
971:
924:
868:, through funding the
835:Eugenics Record Office
785:
685:
557:
540:Rockefeller University
480:
450:under both Presidents
440:
393:
318:
281:Frederick Taylor Gates
276:
210:Frederick Taylor Gates
175:Rockefeller Foundation
66:Frederick Taylor Gates
6858:40.75083°N 73.98333°W
6759:
6663:Public Health Reports
6617:May 24, 2011, at the
6515:Fosdick, Raymond B.,
6508:Fosdick, Raymond B.,
6203:RF Annual Report 1969
6028:, accessed 08/15/2024
5092:10.3917/crii.035.0173
4588:. February 11, 2005.
4517:10.1055/s-2007-996402
4441:rockarch.issuelab.org
4190:Yeadon, Glen (2008).
3965:. pp. xvii, xx.
3963:Yale University Press
3901:42#1 (2009): 97–141.
3888:40#3 (2002): 265–287.
3448:Farley, John (2004).
2995:Chernow, Ron (1998).
2934:on February 12, 2007.
2902:www.oecd-ilibrary.org
2811:, accessed 2010-12-23
2544:Brookings Institution
2521:War and Peace Studies
2497:
2286:Harry Emerson Fosdick
1815:University of Toronto
1801:Charles William Eliot
1527:Ndidi Okonkwo Nwuneli
1359:
1199:
1103:When the Levees Broke
1080:in Washington, D.C.,
1037:
1030:Arts and philanthropy
1007:
969:
914:
872:, (also known as the
780:
683:
548:
475:
438:
430:David Rockefeller Jr.
391:
316:
274:
163:rockefellerfoundation
6836:at Wikimedia Commons
6488:31 (2000): 131–157.
6481:14.1 (2014): 91–116.
6479:Global Social Policy
5847:. January 10, 2017.
5645:www.biotech-info.net
5494:10.1162/JCWS_a_00372
5031:Simon & Schuster
4744:10.3138/cbmh.31.1.17
4571:. : Springer. p. 87.
3795:profiles.nlm.nih.gov
3710:profiles.nlm.nih.gov
3661:10.1093/alh/14.4.720
2763:Industrial relations
2608:, on the request of
2578:Princeton University
2524:that advised the US
2505:, New York, NY, 2011
2416:improve this article
2186:Thomas J. Watson Jr.
2082:chairman: 1952–1972.
2076:chairman: 1917–1939.
2062:Museum of Modern Art
1944:1999–2002 – cellist.
1921:Charles Evans Hughes
1869:UN Secretary-General
1861:Procter & Gamble
1652:improve this article
1486:, 2018–, President,
1367:, New York, NY, 2021
1250:Manuel Ávila Camacho
1224:Prince Mahidol Award
1152:Wikimedia Foundation
1110:for their students.
1059:University of London
831:Carnegie Institution
752:Bristol-Myers Squibb
218:Carnegie Corporation
204:("Senior") and son "
153:$ 6.3 billion (2022)
6863:40.75083; -73.98333
6854: /
6581:The Big Foundations
6579:Nielsen, Waldemar,
6446:Brown, E. Richard,
6299:Peter Carl Goldmark
6282:Teltsch, Kathleen,
5675:terravivagrants.org
5573:The Bellagio Center
4780:The Washington Post
4059:Research/Penn State
3993:. January 4, 2019.
3126:The Big Foundations
2878:on October 30, 2012
2846:on October 22, 2012
2616:Library of Congress
2587:Columbia University
2501:, as seen from the
2336:Stanford University
2322:John Hilton Knowles
2263:John D. Rockefeller
2220:An Giang University
2218:; former rector of
2115:Columbia University
2068:John D. Rockefeller
2011:Sandra Day O'Connor
1997:Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala
1825:Young & Rubicam
1743:Chase National Bank
1739:Winthrop W. Aldrich
1561:& Recipient of
1503:Martin L. Leibowitz
1220:National Book Award
1108:Columbia University
953:Claude Lévi-Strauss
651:Pedro Albizu Campos
631:Cornelius P. Rhoads
536:post-doctoral level
528:China Medical Board
416:, and then his son
342:'s headquarters at
328:Jerome Davis Greene
304:William Howard Taft
220:) and ranks as the
202:John D. Rockefeller
58:John D. Rockefeller
23:
6887:Rockefeller family
6783:2012-08-21 at the
6762:
6633:7.3 (1990): 6–18.
6314:The New York Times
6308:2012-01-19 at the
6295:The New York Times
6289:2017-01-08 at the
6265:2010-09-29 at the
6246:2010-09-29 at the
6227:2010-09-29 at the
6208:2010-07-01 at the
6185:2013-09-27 at the
6076:The New York Times
6070:2018-09-28 at the
5988:2020-07-23 at the
5932:2017-03-17 at the
5883:The New York Times
5876:2017-01-05 at the
5578:2014-06-28 at the
5423:Diplomatic History
5263:The New York Times
5257:2017-08-15 at the
4941:2017-09-11 at the
4476:. September 2003.
4373:The New York Times
4167:. April 27, 2016.
4053:2013-01-10 at the
3858:2016-08-09 at the
3826:2018-02-01 at the
3797:. March 12, 2019.
3404:. Cambridge: HUP.
3375:. April 28, 2016.
3246:2020-02-25 at the
3227:2010-05-27 at the
3208:2007-05-23 at the
3203:history, 1913–1919
3092:The New York Times
2783:Rockefeller family
2723:Mahidol University
2632:Population Council
2559:Harvard University
2507:
2342:Peter Goldmark Jr.
2282:Raymond B. Fosdick
2267:Frederick T. Gates
2173:The New York Times
1968:, Washington, D.C.
1962:Jessica T. Mathews
1935:, 2012–2018, CEO,
1893:Harvard University
1791:John Foster Dulles
1774:The New York Times
1607:; former Chairman
1555:Juan Manuel Santos
1460:United States Navy
1456:James G. Stavridis
1369:
1258:Nelson Rockefeller
1204:
1096:'s documentary on
1048:
972:
925:
923:control, 1900–1925
824:population control
812:Population Council
808:John Foster Dulles
786:
782:Marshall A. Barber
686:
627:Livingston Farrand
558:
501:American Red Cross
481:
441:
394:
364:Time-Life Building
360:Rockefeller Center
332:Harvard University
319:
277:
179:private foundation
21:
6832:Media related to
6725:6#1 Spring 2010 ·
6649:Shaplen, Robert,
6591:The Golden Donors
6426:12.1 (2014): e8.
6340:www.afponline.org
6156:. June 20, 1987.
6120:"Notes on People"
5707:on March 21, 2017
5435:10.1093/dh/dhu075
4225:Ramsden, Edmund,
4203:978-0-930852-43-6
3747:(5619): 573–574.
3562:978-1-58046-664-6
3461:978-0-19-974908-9
3411:978-0-674-33334-5
3297:978-1-58603-832-8
2670:) in Tokyo (1938)
2626:Oxford University
2602:McGill University
2492:
2491:
2484:
2466:
2312:from 1961 to 1969
2259:George E. Vincent
2047:Mamphela Ramphele
1847:Stephen Jay Gould
1811:John Robert Evans
1763:C. Douglas Dillon
1728:
1727:
1720:
1702:
1488:Ariel Investments
1468:The Carlyle Group
1352:Urban development
1228:MacArthur fellows
1208:residency program
1040:Nankai University
1020:League of Nations
908:started in 1939.
853:. Sanger went to
552:Field Assistant,
516:School of Hygiene
456:Lyndon B. Johnson
444:C. Douglas Dillon
422:David Rockefeller
171:
170:
39:May 14, 1913
6919:
6869:
6868:
6866:
6865:
6864:
6859:
6855:
6852:
6851:
6850:
6847:
6831:
6769:
6714:Uy, Michael Sy.
6696:
6686:
6639:Sachse, Carola.
6609:Palmer, Steven,
6535:Jonas, Gerald.
6501:Fisher, Donald,
6419:
6410:
6376:
6356:
6355:
6353:
6351:
6332:
6326:
6323:
6317:
6280:
6274:
6257:
6251:
6238:
6232:
6219:
6213:
6200:
6194:
6176:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6165:
6146:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6135:
6126:. May 15, 1971.
6116:
6110:
6109:
6107:
6105:
6085:
6079:
6062:
6053:
6047:
6041:
6035:
6029:
6023:
6017:
6011:
6005:
5999:
5993:
5981:
5975:
5974:
5972:
5970:
5949:
5943:
5923:
5917:
5916:
5914:
5912:
5893:
5887:
5867:
5861:
5860:
5858:
5856:
5837:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5826:
5811:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5800:
5781:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5770:
5755:
5749:
5748:
5746:
5744:
5735:. May 25, 2016.
5723:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5712:
5703:. Archived from
5697:
5691:
5690:
5688:
5686:
5667:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5656:
5641:"العاب فلاش برق"
5637:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5626:
5607:
5601:
5594:
5583:
5570:
5564:
5563:
5561:
5559:
5540:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5529:
5473:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5414:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5403:
5363:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5352:
5333:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5303:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5292:
5273:
5267:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5238:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5123:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5112:
5094:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5059:
5040:
5034:
5019:
5013:
5012:
5010:
5008:
4952:
4946:
4933:
4927:
4926:
4903:
4893:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4863:
4857:
4856:
4854:
4852:
4833:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4822:
4803:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4770:
4764:
4763:
4723:
4717:
4716:
4696:
4690:
4689:
4687:
4685:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4629:
4627:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4578:
4572:
4563:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4552:
4496:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4466:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4433:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4411:The New Atlantis
4403:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4392:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4222:
4216:
4215:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4157:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4143:
4137:
4135:
4116:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4071:
4062:
4061:, Vol. 17, no. 1
4044:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4022:Pacific Standard
4013:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4002:
3983:
3977:
3976:
3943:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3926:
3919:
3911:
3905:
3895:
3889:
3882:
3876:
3869:
3863:
3849:
3843:
3836:
3830:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3702:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3640:
3634:
3631:
3625:
3624:
3596:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3535:
3510:(9): 1197–1213.
3495:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3445:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3401:Germ of Laziness
3395:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3365:
3359:
3358:
3348:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3256:
3250:
3237:
3231:
3218:
3212:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3135:
3129:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3083:
3077:
3074:
3068:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3022:
3020:
2992:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2954:
2945:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2930:. Archived from
2924:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2913:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2877:
2871:. Archived from
2870:
2862:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2851:
2836:
2830:
2821:
2812:
2805:
2666:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2622:Bodleian Library
2591:Russia Institute
2561:– Grants to the
2534:(RIIA) in London
2526:State Department
2487:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2424:
2400:
2392:
2316:J. George Harrar
2216:Ho Chi Minh City
2196:James Wolfensohn
2134:Raymond W. Smith
2098:Julius Rosenwald
2039:(2007–2012) and
1927:Robert A. Lovett
1899:; formerly with
1889:Thomas J. Healey
1879:Wallace Harrison
1827:Brands, New York
1769:Orvil E. Dryfoos
1723:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1703:
1701:
1660:
1636:
1628:
1588:Patty Stonesifer
1535:, 2019–, chair,
1515:Salomon Brothers
1445:Atlantic Council
1330:Monsanto Company
1286:Green Revolution
1240:Green Revolution
1180:Villa Serbelloni
790:radioactive iron
784:holding a fungus
748:-borne viruses.
732:, South Africa,
556:, Trinidad, 1959
497:medical research
186:medical research
167:
164:
84:exemption status
49:
47:
42:
31:
24:
20:
6927:
6926:
6922:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6917:
6916:
6872:
6871:
6862:
6860:
6856:
6853:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6841:
6840:
6785:Wayback Machine
6754:
6749:
6619:Wayback Machine
6374:
6366:
6364:Further reading
6360:
6359:
6349:
6347:
6334:
6333:
6329:
6324:
6320:
6310:Wayback Machine
6291:Wayback Machine
6281:
6277:
6267:Wayback Machine
6258:
6254:
6248:Wayback Machine
6239:
6235:
6229:Wayback Machine
6220:
6216:
6210:Wayback Machine
6201:
6197:
6187:Wayback Machine
6177:
6173:
6163:
6161:
6148:
6147:
6143:
6133:
6131:
6118:
6117:
6113:
6103:
6101:
6086:
6082:
6072:Wayback Machine
6063:
6056:
6048:
6044:
6036:
6032:
6024:
6020:
6012:
6008:
6000:
5996:
5990:Wayback Machine
5982:
5978:
5968:
5966:
5951:
5950:
5946:
5934:Wayback Machine
5924:
5920:
5910:
5908:
5895:
5894:
5890:
5878:Wayback Machine
5869:Gelles, David,
5868:
5864:
5854:
5852:
5845:Ventures Africa
5839:
5838:
5834:
5824:
5822:
5813:
5812:
5808:
5798:
5796:
5783:
5782:
5778:
5768:
5766:
5757:
5756:
5752:
5742:
5740:
5725:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5708:
5699:
5698:
5694:
5684:
5682:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5654:
5652:
5639:
5638:
5634:
5624:
5622:
5609:
5608:
5604:
5595:
5586:
5580:Wayback Machine
5571:
5567:
5557:
5555:
5542:
5541:
5537:
5527:
5525:
5474:
5470:
5460:
5458:
5415:
5411:
5401:
5399:
5364:
5360:
5350:
5348:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5320:
5318:
5305:
5304:
5300:
5290:
5288:
5275:
5274:
5270:
5259:Wayback Machine
5250:
5246:
5236:
5234:
5183:
5179:
5169:
5167:
5124:
5120:
5110:
5108:
5071:
5067:
5057:
5055:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5023:Walter Isaacson
5020:
5016:
5006:
5004:
4953:
4949:
4943:Wayback Machine
4934:
4930:
4920:
4894:
4890:
4880:
4878:
4865:
4864:
4860:
4850:
4848:
4835:
4834:
4830:
4820:
4818:
4805:
4804:
4800:
4790:
4788:
4771:
4767:
4724:
4720:
4713:
4697:
4693:
4683:
4681:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4625:
4623:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4595:
4593:
4580:
4579:
4575:
4564:
4560:
4550:
4548:
4497:
4493:
4483:
4481:
4468:
4467:
4460:
4450:
4448:
4435:
4434:
4430:
4420:
4418:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4390:
4388:
4365:
4361:
4351:
4349:
4306:
4302:
4292:
4290:
4267:10.2307/1971690
4247:
4243:
4236:10.1.1.117.5779
4223:
4219:
4204:
4188:
4184:
4174:
4172:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4144:
4133:
4131:
4118:
4117:
4110:
4100:
4089:
4087:
4072:
4065:
4055:Wayback Machine
4045:
4041:
4031:
4029:
4014:
4010:
4000:
3998:
3985:
3984:
3980:
3973:
3944:
3940:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3917:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3896:
3892:
3883:
3879:
3870:
3866:
3860:Wayback Machine
3850:
3846:
3842:(1987): 155–182
3837:
3833:
3828:Wayback Machine
3818:
3814:
3804:
3802:
3789:
3788:
3784:
3733:
3729:
3719:
3717:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3692:
3688:
3678:
3676:
3641:
3637:
3632:
3628:
3613:
3597:
3590:
3580:
3578:
3563:
3547:
3543:
3533:
3531:
3496:
3489:
3479:
3477:
3462:
3446:
3439:
3429:
3427:
3412:
3396:
3392:
3382:
3380:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3309:
3305:
3298:
3282:
3278:
3271:
3257:
3253:
3248:Wayback Machine
3238:
3234:
3229:Wayback Machine
3219:
3215:
3210:Wayback Machine
3201:Rockfound.org,
3200:
3196:
3186:
3184:
3169:
3165:
3155:
3153:
3136:
3132:
3123:
3119:
3109:
3107:
3084:
3080:
3075:
3071:
3062:
3058:
3051:
3037:
3033:
3018:
3016:
3009:
2993:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2955:
2948:
2943:
2939:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2911:
2909:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2849:
2847:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2822:
2815:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2788:Social sciences
2738:
2674:Group of Thirty
2652:
2610:Wilder Penfield
2569:Yale University
2488:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2425:
2423:
2413:
2401:
2390:
2385:
2370:Yale University
2291:Chester Barnard
2248:
2243:
2206:George D. Woods
2023:Richard Parsons
1988:Diana Natalicio
1976:Ford Foundation
1956:Econet Wireless
1948:Strive Masiyiwa
1937:ImpreMedia, LLC
1883:UN Headquarters
1865:AMR Corporation
1837:Helene D. Gayle
1724:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1661:
1659:
1649:
1637:
1626:
1621:
1601:Ravi Venkatesan
1493:Donald Kaberuka
1474:Agnes Binagwaho
1411:
1406:
1389:New Orleans, LA
1354:
1274:Ford Foundation
1242:
1236:
1212:Nobel laureates
1164:Bellagio, Italy
1160:
1158:Bellagio Center
1032:
1016:
984:Henry Kissinger
886:Alfred Grotjahn
839:Margaret Sanger
816:family planning
804:
740:, Nigeria, and
623:George C. Payne
486:
452:John F. Kennedy
402:social sciences
379:Ludlow Massacre
269:
177:is an American
161:
142:
136:
119:
98:
78:
64:
60:
45:
43:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6925:
6915:
6914:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6838:
6837:
6824:
6823:
6817:
6813:, including a
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6775:
6753:
6752:External links
6750:
6748:
6747:
6741:
6736:
6730:Global Society
6726:
6719:
6712:
6697:
6669:(2): 206–215.
6654:
6647:
6637:
6627:
6607:
6597:
6587:
6577:
6567:
6560:
6550:
6543:
6533:
6523:
6513:
6506:
6499:
6494:Farley, John.
6492:
6482:
6475:
6468:
6461:
6453:Chernow, Ron,
6451:
6444:
6430:
6420:
6411:
6391:10.1038/nrm702
6365:
6362:
6361:
6358:
6357:
6327:
6318:
6275:
6252:
6233:
6214:
6195:
6171:
6154:New York Times
6141:
6124:New York Times
6111:
6094:New York Times
6080:
6054:
6042:
6030:
6018:
6006:
5994:
5976:
5944:
5918:
5888:
5862:
5832:
5806:
5776:
5750:
5718:
5692:
5662:
5632:
5615:gatesnotes.com
5602:
5584:
5565:
5535:
5488:(3): 108–135.
5468:
5429:(2): 269–295.
5409:
5358:
5328:
5298:
5268:
5244:
5197:(3): 323–341.
5177:
5138:(6): 852–869.
5118:
5085:(2): 173–197.
5065:
5035:
5014:
4947:
4928:
4919:978-0684189369
4918:
4888:
4858:
4828:
4798:
4765:
4718:
4711:
4691:
4633:
4603:
4573:
4558:
4511:(9): 327–343.
4491:
4458:
4428:
4398:
4359:
4320:(2): 347–349.
4300:
4261:(4): 493–502.
4241:
4217:
4202:
4182:
4165:The New Yorker
4152:
4140:Newspapers.com
4108:
4096:Newspapers.com
4063:
4039:
4008:
3978:
3971:
3938:
3906:
3890:
3877:
3864:
3844:
3831:
3812:
3782:
3727:
3697:
3686:
3655:(4): 720–746.
3635:
3626:
3611:
3588:
3561:
3541:
3487:
3460:
3437:
3410:
3390:
3360:
3303:
3296:
3276:
3269:
3251:
3232:
3213:
3194:
3163:
3130:
3117:
3078:
3069:
3056:
3050:978-1848933910
3049:
3031:
3008:978-0679438083
3007:
2980:
2946:
2937:
2919:
2889:
2857:
2831:
2813:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2726:
2720:
2710:
2704:
2698:
2691:
2685:
2671:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2619:
2613:
2599:
2593:
2584:
2575:
2566:
2556:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2513:
2490:
2489:
2404:
2402:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2373:
2359:
2349:
2339:
2329:
2319:
2313:
2303:
2288:
2279:
2273:
2256:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2231:
2209:
2203:
2193:
2183:
2177:
2165:
2155:
2146:; chairman of
2131:
2125:
2105:
2095:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2050:
2044:
2033:Surin Pitsuwan
2030:
2020:
2017:
2008:
1994:
1985:
1979:
1972:John J. McCloy
1969:
1959:
1945:
1939:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1911:Alice S. Huang
1908:
1886:
1876:
1850:
1844:
1834:
1828:
1818:
1808:
1798:
1788:
1778:
1766:
1760:
1746:
1736:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1640:
1638:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1605:Bank of Baroda
1598:
1592:Martha's Table
1585:
1575:
1565:
1552:
1543:
1530:
1524:
1517:
1507:Morgan Stanley
1500:
1490:
1484:Mellody Hobson
1481:
1471:
1452:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1363:campus on the
1353:
1350:
1345:This Is Africa
1235:
1232:
1188:U.S. President
1176:Northern Italy
1159:
1156:
1115:Lincoln Center
1090:Lincoln Center
1031:
1028:
1024:United Nations
1015:
1012:
961:The New School
933:Nuremberg laws
894:Hans Nachsteim
803:
800:
615:Hideyo Noguchi
597:, followed by
595:Wickliffe Rose
485:
482:
323:William Sulzer
308:Nelson Aldrich
268:
265:
249:United Nations
169:
168:
159:
155:
154:
151:
145:
144:
137:
134:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
118:
117:
109:
107:
103:
102:
99:
94:
91:
90:
73:
69:
68:
55:
51:
50:
37:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6924:
6913:
6910:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6877:
6870:
6867:
6835:
6830:
6826:
6825:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6786:
6782:
6779:
6776:
6773:
6768:
6764:
6763:
6758:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6731:
6727:
6724:
6720:
6717:
6713:
6710:
6709:0-300-01508-9
6706:
6702:
6698:
6694:
6690:
6685:
6680:
6676:
6672:
6668:
6664:
6660:
6655:
6652:
6648:
6646:
6642:
6638:
6636:
6632:
6628:
6625:
6622:, Ann Arbor:
6621:
6620:
6616:
6613:
6608:
6606:
6602:
6598:
6596:
6592:
6588:
6586:
6582:
6578:
6576:
6572:
6568:
6565:
6561:
6559:
6555:
6551:
6548:
6544:
6542:
6538:
6534:
6532:
6528:
6524:
6522:
6518:
6514:
6511:
6507:
6504:
6500:
6497:
6493:
6491:
6487:
6483:
6480:
6476:
6473:
6470:Dowie, Mark,
6469:
6466:
6462:
6460:
6456:
6452:
6449:
6445:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6434:Elizabeth Fee
6431:
6429:
6425:
6421:
6417:
6412:
6408:
6404:
6400:
6396:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6380:
6373:
6368:
6367:
6345:
6341:
6337:
6331:
6322:
6315:
6311:
6307:
6304:
6300:
6296:
6292:
6288:
6285:
6279:
6272:
6268:
6264:
6261:
6256:
6249:
6245:
6242:
6237:
6230:
6226:
6223:
6218:
6211:
6207:
6204:
6199:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6181:
6175:
6159:
6155:
6151:
6145:
6129:
6125:
6121:
6115:
6099:
6095:
6091:
6084:
6077:
6073:
6069:
6066:
6061:
6059:
6051:
6046:
6039:
6034:
6027:
6022:
6015:
6010:
6003:
5998:
5991:
5987:
5984:
5980:
5964:
5960:
5959:
5954:
5948:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5931:
5928:
5922:
5906:
5902:
5898:
5892:
5885:
5884:
5879:
5875:
5872:
5866:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5836:
5820:
5816:
5810:
5794:
5790:
5786:
5780:
5764:
5760:
5759:"About 100RC"
5754:
5738:
5734:
5733:
5728:
5727:"About 100RC"
5722:
5706:
5702:
5696:
5680:
5676:
5672:
5666:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5636:
5620:
5616:
5612:
5606:
5599:
5593:
5591:
5589:
5581:
5577:
5574:
5569:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5539:
5523:
5519:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5503:
5499:
5495:
5491:
5487:
5483:
5479:
5472:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5424:
5420:
5413:
5397:
5393:
5389:
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5342:
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5332:
5316:
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5308:
5302:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5272:
5265:
5264:
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5256:
5253:
5248:
5232:
5228:
5224:
5220:
5216:
5212:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5196:
5192:
5188:
5181:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5122:
5106:
5102:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5084:
5081:(in French).
5080:
5076:
5069:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5039:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5018:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4967:(1): 97–141.
4966:
4962:
4958:
4951:
4944:
4940:
4937:
4932:
4925:
4921:
4915:
4911:
4907:
4902:
4901:
4892:
4876:
4872:
4868:
4862:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4832:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4802:
4786:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4769:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4722:
4714:
4712:9780252029301
4708:
4704:
4703:
4695:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4637:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4607:
4591:
4587:
4583:
4577:
4570:
4569:
4562:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4507:(in German).
4506:
4502:
4495:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4465:
4463:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4432:
4416:
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4331:
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4315:
4311:
4304:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4245:
4237:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4199:
4195:
4194:
4186:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4156:
4148:
4141:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4115:
4113:
4104:
4097:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4070:
4068:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4043:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4012:
3996:
3992:
3988:
3982:
3974:
3972:0-300-01508-9
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3942:
3923:
3916:
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3904:
3900:
3894:
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3861:
3857:
3854:
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3835:
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3800:
3796:
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3758:
3754:
3750:
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3738:
3731:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3701:
3695:
3690:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3639:
3630:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3612:0-8018-5709-0
3608:
3604:
3603:
3595:
3593:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3545:
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3509:
3505:
3501:
3494:
3492:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3453:
3452:
3444:
3442:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3407:
3403:
3402:
3394:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3307:
3299:
3293:
3290:. IOS Press.
3289:
3288:
3280:
3272:
3270:0-8020-4429-8
3266:
3262:
3255:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3217:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3198:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3167:
3151:
3147:
3146:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3121:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3082:
3073:
3066:
3060:
3052:
3046:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3027:
3014:
3010:
3004:
3000:
2999:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2953:
2951:
2941:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2874:
2867:
2861:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2818:
2810:
2804:
2800:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:– funded the
2715:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2678:Geoffrey Bell
2675:
2672:
2669:
2663:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2483:
2475:
2472:December 2023
2464:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2433: –
2432:
2428:
2427:Find sources:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2405:This section
2403:
2399:
2394:
2393:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2352:Gordon Conway
2350:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2332:Richard Lyman
2330:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2239:
2235:
2234:Owen D. Young
2232:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2159:
2158:Frank Stanton
2156:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2102:Sears Roebuck
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:, president,
1963:
1960:
1957:
1953:
1950:, 2003–2018,
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1933:Monica Lozano
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1905:U.S. Treasury
1902:
1901:Goldman Sachs
1898:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1857:Goldman Sachs
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1749:John W. Davis
1747:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1722:
1719:
1711:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669: –
1668:
1664:
1663:Find sources:
1657:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1641:This section
1639:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1624:Past trustees
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1432:Gordon Conway
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1401:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1349:
1346:
1343:explained to
1342:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1322:biotechnology
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1254:Henry Wallace
1251:
1247:
1241:
1231:
1229:
1226:winners, and
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1155:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1055:King George V
1052:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1003:Rajiv J. Shah
999:
997:
993:
989:
985:
980:
977:
968:
964:
962:
958:
954:
950:
944:
942:
941:Nazi ideology
938:
934:
930:
929:Jewish people
922:
918:
913:
909:
907:
903:
902:Josef Mengele
899:
895:
891:
890:Eugen Fischer
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
858:
856:
852:
848:
844:
843:Alexis Carrel
840:
836:
832:
827:
825:
821:
820:birth control
817:
813:
809:
799:
797:
796:
791:
783:
779:
775:
773:
769:
768:United States
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
714:
711:
709:
708:Alfred Kinsey
705:
701:
700:endocrinology
697:
692:
682:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:Elizabeth Fee
660:
659:Susan Lederer
656:
652:
647:
646:public health
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
619:Juan Guiteras
616:
612:
611:Lewis Hackett
608:
607:George Strode
605:in 1935, and
604:
603:Wilbur Sawyer
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
563:
555:
551:
547:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:Public health
484:Public health
478:
474:
470:
468:
464:
459:
457:
453:
449:
445:
437:
433:
431:
427:
424:'s daughter,
423:
419:
415:
409:
407:
403:
399:
390:
386:
384:
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
336:family office
333:
329:
324:
315:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
290:
286:
282:
273:
264:
261:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
184:
183:philanthropic
180:
176:
166:
160:
156:
152:
150:
146:
141:
138:
132:
129:
126:
122:
115:
111:
110:
108:
104:
100:
97:
92:
89:
85:
82:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
59:
56:
52:
38:
34:
30:
25:
19:
6839:
6774:at Wikiquote
6729:
6722:
6715:
6700:
6666:
6662:
6650:
6640:
6630:
6610:
6600:
6590:
6580:
6570:
6563:
6553:
6546:
6536:
6526:
6516:
6509:
6502:
6495:
6485:
6478:
6471:
6464:
6454:
6447:
6437:
6423:
6415:
6385:(1): 65–70.
6382:
6378:
6348:. Retrieved
6339:
6330:
6321:
6313:
6294:
6278:
6255:
6236:
6217:
6198:
6191:The Diplomat
6190:
6174:
6162:. Retrieved
6153:
6144:
6132:. Retrieved
6123:
6114:
6102:. Retrieved
6093:
6083:
6045:
6033:
6021:
6009:
5997:
5979:
5967:. Retrieved
5956:
5947:
5937:
5921:
5909:. Retrieved
5900:
5891:
5881:
5865:
5853:. Retrieved
5844:
5835:
5823:. Retrieved
5809:
5797:. Retrieved
5788:
5779:
5767:. Retrieved
5753:
5741:. Retrieved
5732:The Guardian
5730:
5721:
5709:. Retrieved
5705:the original
5695:
5683:. Retrieved
5674:
5665:
5653:. Retrieved
5644:
5635:
5623:. Retrieved
5614:
5605:
5597:
5568:
5556:. Retrieved
5547:
5538:
5526:. Retrieved
5485:
5481:
5471:
5459:. Retrieved
5426:
5422:
5412:
5400:. Retrieved
5378:(1): 37–72.
5375:
5371:
5361:
5349:. Retrieved
5340:
5331:
5319:. Retrieved
5310:
5301:
5289:. Retrieved
5280:
5271:
5261:
5247:
5235:. Retrieved
5194:
5190:
5180:
5168:. Retrieved
5135:
5131:
5121:
5109:. Retrieved
5082:
5078:
5068:
5056:. Retrieved
5047:
5038:
5029:, New York:
5026:
5017:
5005:. Retrieved
4964:
4960:
4950:
4931:
4923:
4904:. New York:
4899:
4891:
4879:. Retrieved
4870:
4861:
4849:. Retrieved
4840:
4831:
4819:. Retrieved
4810:
4801:
4789:. Retrieved
4778:
4768:
4738:(1): 17–40.
4735:
4731:
4721:
4701:
4694:
4682:. Retrieved
4649:
4645:
4636:
4624:. Retrieved
4616:dl.tufts.edu
4615:
4606:
4594:. Retrieved
4585:
4576:
4566:
4561:
4549:. Retrieved
4508:
4504:
4494:
4482:. Retrieved
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1689:·
1682:·
1675:·
1648:.
79:(
48:)
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