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leaving to fight in order to keep satisfying the war demands from factory production. Rock Island
Arsenal increased from having 175 female employees in 1914 to 300 in 1917, a dramatic change before women’s suffrage was approved. Women were absolutely critical to the success of the US buildup in World War I, and played an integral role in production at Rock Island Arsenal.
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The United States took control of the island in 1804 through the
Harrison Peace Treaty with the Chief of the Fox and Sac Tribes. From 1804 to 1812 the US Army did not occupy the island. It was the scene of a small conflict at the outbreak of the War of 1812 with Great Britain. Following that war, in
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wrote in his memoir: "When we arrived we found that the troops had come to build a fort on Rock Island...We did not object, however, to their building their fort on the island, but were very sorry, as this was the best one on the
Mississippi, and had long been the resort of our young people during
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During the First World War, demand for war materials drastically increased; this increased the demand for skilled labor, but many men were drafted for the war. Women were hired to fill job vacancies at the arsenal. This is often referred to as the "women draft", as they had to backfill the men
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here, to protect shipping on the river in the aftermath of the War of 1812 with Great
Britain. Decades after the Civil War, in the 1880s the army established a foundry and armory here, manufacturing both military equipment and ordnance. In 1919–1920 one hundred of the Anglo-American or Liberty
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The prison camp operated from
December 1863 until July 1865, when the last prisoners were freed. After the war, the prison facility was completely destroyed. During its two years in operation, the prison camp housed a total of more than 12,400 Confederates.
701:, who had served as guards. Most of the men died from disease, since sanitation was primitive, as in all army encampments. In addition, they were exposed to high heat and humidity during the summers and freezing temperatures during winters. In 1864, deadly
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From 1816-1862, the site was known as Fort
Armstrong. Before that, successive cultures of Native Americans had occupied it for thousands of years because of its strategic position along the Mississippi River.
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1871: First military quarters built on Rock Island, an
Italianate-style villa known as Quarters One. At 20,000 square feet, it is one of the largest government single-family residences in the United States
1685:
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Native
Americans used Rock Island as their summer camp site. Encroaching European Americans coming into the area disputed the claim of tribal ownership, and competition between the peoples led to the
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Following the war, the federal government retained ownership of
Arsenal Island. It developed it for use as an arsenal and ordnance manufacturing center, which led to the island being renamed.
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the summer. It was our garden, like the white people have near their big villages, which supplied us with strawberries, blackberries, gooseberries, plums, apples and nuts of different kinds."
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1814 it was the site of a U.S. Army expedition from St Louis to use the island as a guard post to control traffic on the
Mississippi and maintain watch over the local Native Americans.
873:, and the site's role as a military industrial facility. The museum contains the second-largest collection of small arms weapons in the U.S. Army, and an outdoor vehicle display.
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A total of 41 Confederate prisoners successfully escaped during the prison's operation, and many more would try but fail. They were deterred by the power of the Mississippi River.
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At the turn of the 20th century, it manufactured both ordnance and leather accoutrements and field gear, for an army that still relied on horses for transportation and cavalry.
2011:
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A total of 1,964 Confederate prisoners and 125 Union guards are buried in the adjacent military cemetery. The Union guard burials included 49 members of the 108th Regiment of
660:, main battle tank for the Army since the 1980s. About 250 military personnel and 6,000 civilians are employed there. The population from the 2020 census was 182 people.
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1865: Second Commanding Officer of Rock Island Arsenal, Brevet Brigadier General Thomas J. Rodman, also known as the Father of Rock Island Arsenal for his contributions
691:. That month more than 5,000 Confederates would swell the population of Rock Island military prison. They were kept in 84 barracks, each holding around 100 prisoners.
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During the Civil War, the army converted some facilities and built more in 1863; these were not yet completed in December of that year, when the first
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prisoners of war were incarcerated there. The construction was makeshift. The first prisoners were 468 Confederates captured in battles at
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were manufactured there, although too late for World War I. The base is now the largest government-owned weapons manufacturing
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1872: First Government bridge built across the Mississippi River; replaced the railroad bridge destroyed by a steamboat
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716:, 19th-century stone workshops, officers' quarters along the river, Col. Davenport's House, and the site of the
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1867: Clock Tower Building erected; it survives and is used as the offices of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
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644:, and a host of associated components. Some of the Arsenal's most successful products include the
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1862: Rock Island Arsenal (the name we know it to be today) established by an Act of Congress
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was established on July 4, 1905. It is the second-oldest US Army Museum in the US after the
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Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
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Perspective drawing of the prison for Confederate soldiers at Rock Island, 1864
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This article is about the military base. For the census-designated place, see
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Rock Island County, Illinois
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Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
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Military facilities on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
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1863-1865: Rock Island Prison Barracks built to house Confederate soldiers
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1862: First Commanding Officer of Rock Island Major Charles P. Kingsbury.
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Other historical sites in the area include the Confederate Cemetery, the
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National Register of Historic Places in Rock Island County, Illinois
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Exhibits interpret the history of Rock Island Arsenal and the Union
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1936:
The Rock Island Arsenal Joint Manufacturing & Technology Center
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1809: Declared a federal military reservation by an Act of Congress
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1979:
27:. For the similarly named but unrelated firearm manufacturer, see
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1818: George Davenport, U.S. Army sutler established trading post
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Armories on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
1958:
Rock Island National Cemetery, Arsenal, and Confederate POW Camp
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866:
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American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places
1769:
Rock Island arsenal: in peace and in war. With maps and illus
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foundry, and manufactures ordnance and equipment, including
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In 1816 the federal government authorized the army to build
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1928:
1035:
89:
1985:
United States Army Official History of Rock Island Arsenal
1772:. Cornell University Library. Chicago : H.O. Shepard.
1863:"Arsenal of Democracy: A History of RIA from WWI to WWII"
816:
1856: First railroad built across the Mississippi River
1312:
XM124E2 Light Auxiliary Propelled 105 mm howitzer
862:, to provide more space for manufacturing facilities.
1942:
The Rock Island Arsenal profile at globalsecurity.org
1796:
1794:
1888:"U.S. Army Official History of Rock Island Arsenal"
16:
Military production site in Illinois, United States
1837:Portals to Hell: Military Prisons of the Civil War
1834:
1802:
718:first railroad bridge built across the Mississippi
1791:
1288:XM123A1 Medium Auxiliary Propelled 155mm Howitzer
3081:Historic American Engineering Record in Illinois
2972:
3076:United States Army arsenals during World War II
2223:List of National Historic Landmarks in Illinois
1691:List of National Historic Landmarks in Illinois
527:comprises 946 acres (383 ha) and is located on
801:1832: Served as U.S. Army HQ for Blackhawk War
2247:
2160:Peoples National Bank Building–Fries Building
2005:
1841:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, c1997.
1623:surface-to-surface missile with XM80 launcher
841:
705:epidemics rapidly spread through the prison.
3016:Tourist attractions in Rock Island, Illinois
2079:Moline Downtown Commercial Historic District
1482:T66 or M16 4.5-inch Multiple Rocket Launcher
1359:M2A2 Terra Star Auxiliary Propelled Howitzer
854:. The museum has been closed twice, during
807:1836: Abandoned, but remained ordnance depot
735:
482:Union soldiers, Confederate prisoners of war
1765:
1314:(experimental model of M2 or M101 howitzer)
940:M45 Quadmount 50 caliber machine gun turret
240:
215:
2254:
2240:
2012:
1998:
1739:National Historic Landmark summary listing
187:
3086:Landforms of Rock Island County, Illinois
2981:1816 establishments in Illinois Territory
1391:
551:Headquarters, and the United States Army
167:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
129:Joint Manufacturing and Technology Center
2741:Quad Cities Waterfront Convention Center
1800:
1551:M3 105 mm light howitzer (airborne)
795:1816: Fort Armstrong built on the island
514:
487:
176:U.S. National Historic Landmark District
3046:Museums in Rock Island County, Illinois
3026:National Historic Landmarks in Illinois
2859:Western Illinois University-Quad Cities
1766:Tillinghast, Benjamin Franklin (1898).
1741:. National Park Service. Archived from
1686:List of Civil War POW Prisons and Camps
594:. In 1988 the Arsenal was designated a
547:. It is home to the United States Army
3041:Tourist attractions in the Quad Cities
2973:
2671:Bix Beiderbecke Memorial Jazz Festival
2130:Downtown Rock Island Historic District
1711:"National Register Information System"
1219:M1 Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft gun
1196:M51 Skysweeper towed anti-aircraft gun
137:United States Army Sustainment Command
2235:
2150:Lock and Dam No. 15 Historic District
1993:
1832:
1727:
1458:M102 Lightweight 105 mm howitzer
1290:(experimental model of M114 howitzer)
2021:National Register of Historic Places
1917:Historic American Engineering Record
1761:
1759:
1716:National Register of Historic Places
804:1833: George Davenport mansion built
739:
612:, and base support services for the
2175:Rock Island Lines Passenger Station
1963:Rock Island Memorial POW Camp #2229
1703:
13:
3031:Military installations in Illinois
2991:Illinois in the American Civil War
2195:Villa de Chantal Historic District
917:M40A1 106 mm Recoilless Rifle
726:
398:prison at Rock Island, during the
14:
3107:
2955:Quad Cities International Airport
1910:
1756:
810:1845: George Davenport killed by
616:. The Arsenal is the only active
2095:Arsenal Courts Historic District
2047:
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1647:self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
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1096:(Chinese version of Russian M46)
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636:, aircraft weapons sub-systems,
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2996:American Civil War prison camps
1094:Type 59-1 130 mm Field Gun
1036:M119 105 mm towed howitzer
1013:M198 155 mm towed howitzer
383:American Civil War prison camps
2844:Palmer College of Chiropractic
1880:
1855:
1776:
967:M14 Enhanced Battle Rifle (RI)
877:exhibits include (as of 2012)
759:format but may read better as
339:
1:
2706:John Deere World Headquarters
2267:surrounding metropolitan area
2180:Rock Island National Cemetery
1968:Rock Island Arsenal Wikimapia
1696:
1505:M3A1 37 mm Anti-tank Gun
1118:M22 or T9E1 Locust Light Tank
714:Rock Island National Cemetery
248:Show map of the United States
21:Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois
2811:Walnut Grove Pioneer Village
2766:Quad City Symphony Orchestra
2025:Rock Island County, Illinois
1952:Rock Island Civil War prison
1809:. Gramercy Books, New York.
1174:self-propelled anti-tank gun
699:United States Colored Troops
656:, and the gun mount for the
570:, the primary leader of the
558:Historically the indigenous
555:for Additive Manufacturing.
503:of 1832, with a view of the
148:United States historic place
132:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
58:Rock Island County, Illinois
7:
3021:United States Army arsenals
3001:Defunct prisons in Illinois
2155:Old Main, Augustana College
2105:Black Hawk Museum and Lodge
1669:
1574:M55 self-propelled howitzer
1528:M1 57 mm Anti-tank Gun
894:M1 75 mm Pack Howitzer
376:Rock Island Military Prison
10:
3112:
3036:Economy of the Quad Cities
2751:Quad City Botanical Center
2110:Broadway Historic District
2069:Garfield Elementary School
1947:Rock Island Arsenal Museum
1892:U.S. Army Official History
1599:surface-to-surface missile
1071:M115 8-inch towed howitzer
848:Rock Island Arsenal Museum
842:Rock Island Arsenal Museum
663:
614:United States Armed Forces
596:National Historic Landmark
566:of 1832. It was named for
25:Rock Island Arsenal Museum
18:
2917:
2867:
2819:
2806:Village of East Davenport
2791:Vibrant Arena at The MARK
2701:Rhythm City Casino Resort
2639:
2404:
2281:
2213:
2087:
2056:
2045:
2031:
1833:Speer, Lonnie R. (1997).
1336:M114 155 mm howitzer
1265:M2A1 105 mm howitzer
1242:D-44 85 mm Field Gun
1147:in World War II with the
736:Early historical timeline
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338:NRHP reference
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195:Quarters 1 (Building 301)
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2986:United States Army posts
2386:Pleasant Valley Township
1919:(HAER) No. IL-20, "
1783:The Civil War in America
1388:Multiple Rocket Launcher
1143:with battle damage from
1141:M4A3 Sherman Medium Tank
887:
884:
881:
327:Architectural style
141:First United States Army
2854:Scott Community College
2185:Sala Apartment Building
1801:Chestnut, Mary (1982).
1787:The Library of Congress
1435:M5 3 inch anti-tank gun
1145:the Battle of the Bulge
812:Banditti of the Prairie
768:converting this section
459:December 1863-July 1865
126:Joint Munitions Command
2849:St. Ambrose University
2771:River Music Experience
2140:Fort Armstrong Theatre
2125:Denkmann-Hauberg House
1412:XM70E2 Rocket Launcher
965:conversion display to
689:Chattanooga, Tennessee
539:between the cities of
531:, originally known as
520:
512:
134:, Rock Island District
23:. For the museum, see
2960:Quad Cities MetroLINK
2761:Quad City-style pizza
2115:Chippiannock Cemetery
1735:"Rock Island Arsenal"
1721:National Park Service
957:World War II – 1980s
545:Rock Island, Illinois
518:
499:years, following the
491:
289:41.51694°N 90.54194°W
262:Rock Island, Illinois
193:Rock Island Arsenal,
2135:Fort Armstrong Hotel
1975:Visitor Request Form
1386:15 cm Nebelwerfer 41
1149:4th Armored Division
553:Center of Excellence
474:Garrison information
364:Designated NHLD
223:Show map of Illinois
117:Garrison information
49:Rock Island Township
3011:Islands of Illinois
2945:Lock and Dam No. 15
2940:Lock and Dam No. 14
2935:Davenport Skybridge
2781:Rock Island Arsenal
2721:Modern Woodmen Park
2661:Bally's Quad Cities
2200:Robert Wagner House
2170:Rock Island Arsenal
1980:Flood Watch Service
1921:Rock Island Arsenal
1723:. January 23, 2007.
878:
525:Rock Island Arsenal
294:41.51694; -90.54194
285: /
159:Rock Island Arsenal
44:Rock Island Arsenal
37:Rock Island Arsenal
2925:Bettendorf Transit
2892:Rock Island County
2834:Black Hawk College
2746:Quad City Air Show
2711:John Deere Classic
2681:Downtown Davenport
2656:Ballet Quad Cities
2429:Rock Island County
2205:Weyerhaeuser House
1894:. 24 February 2024
1869:. 23 November 2022
1805:A Diary from Dixie
1681:American Civil War
885:Country of origin
876:
871:American Civil War
770:, if appropriate.
604:Today it provides
521:
513:
468:American Civil War
431:Controlled by
400:American Civil War
359:September 30, 1969
112:1862–present
78:Controlled by
29:Rock Island Armory
2968:
2967:
2930:Davenport Citibus
2869:Historical Places
2839:Kaplan University
2829:Augustana College
2796:The Freight House
2716:Mississippi River
2686:Festival of Trees
2229:
2228:
1667:
1666:
1645:ZSU-23-4 "Shilka"
1621:MGR-3 Little John
1597:MGR-1 Honest John
990:M65 Atomic Cannon
852:West Point Museum
789:
788:
638:grenade launchers
630:recoil mechanisms
537:Mississippi River
486:
485:
411:Union Prison Camp
402:, circa 1863–1865
371:
370:
351:Significant dates
146:
145:
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2898:
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2801:TPC at Deere Run
2691:Figge Art Museum
2650:American Pickers
2299:Muscatine County
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2064:John Deere House
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1929:Official website
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766:You can help by
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416:Site information
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318:Thomas J. Rodman
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2666:Bix 7 Road Race
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2481:Buffalo Prairie
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727:Women's history
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541:Davenport, Iowa
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2731:NorthPark Mall
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2145:Lincoln School
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2074:LeClaire Hotel
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1954:(archive link)
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1938:(archive link)
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1911:External links
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579:Fort Armstrong
564:Black Hawk War
529:Arsenal Island
509:Fort Armstrong
501:Black Hawk War
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2736:Putnam Museum
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2101:
2100:Best Building
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2039:Black's Store
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2022:
2015:
2010:
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2003:
2001:
1996:
1995:
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1848:0-8032-9342-9
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1816:0-517-18266-1
1812:
1807:
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1745:on 2006-02-13
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1635:United States
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1568:1943–present
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1564:United States
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1545:World War II
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1522:World War II
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1518:United States
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1495:United States
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1476:1964–present
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1472:United States
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1452:1943–present
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1448:United States
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1425:United States
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1406:World War II
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1390:
1387:
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1379:
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1376:United States
1366:
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1353:1942–present
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1209:United States
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1186:United States
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1166:World War II
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1162:United States
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1135:World War II
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1131:United States
1121:
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1112:1954–present
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1084:United States
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1065:1989–present
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1061:United States
1050:
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1030:1979–present
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1026:United States
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1003:United States
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984:1959–present
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980:United States
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953:United States
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930:United States
920:
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911:1927–present
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907:United States
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774:is available.
773:
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753:This section
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606:manufacturing
602:
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592:United States
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356:Added to NRHP
354:
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331:Greek Revival
329:
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2450:East Moline
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2371:New Liberty
2263:Quad Cities
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1898:24 February
1460:(Airmobile)
1088:1931–1950s
856:World War I
685:Confederate
533:Rock Island
495:in the pre-
493:Rock Island
456:In use
292: /
268:Coordinates
109:In use
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2606:Port Byron
2366:McCausland
2356:Long Grove
2326:Blue Grass
2320:Bettendorf
1873:2024-02-25
1749:2007-10-13
1697:References
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642:simulators
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634:small arms
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2726:Niabi Zoo
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622:artillery
618:U.S. Army
610:logistics
535:, on the
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479:Occupants
313:Architect
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1361:with
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1108:China
761:prose
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421:Owner
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305:Built
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