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taken away from the barracks of the concentration camp where he has been held prisoner. Leaving the barracks, the mood is somber; everyone knows the truck is headed for the gas chambers. And when the truck arrives no one can speak at all; even the guards fall silent. But this silence is soon interrupted by an energetic man, who jumps into the line and grabs one of the condemned. Improbable as it is, Odette explains, Desnos reads the man's palm. Oh, he says, I see you have a very long lifeline. And you are going to have three children. He is exuberant. And his excitement is contagious. First one man, then another, offers up his hand, and the prediction is for longevity, more children, abundant joy. As Desnos reads more palms, not only does the mood of the prisoners change but that of the guards too. How can one explain it? Perhaps the element of surprise has planted a shadow of doubt in their minds. If they told themselves these deaths were inevitable, this no longer seems so inarguable. They are in any case so disoriented by this sudden change of mood among those they are about to kill that they are unable to go through with the executions. So all the men, along with Desnos, are packed back onto the truck and taken back to the barracks. Desnos has saved his own life and the lives of others by using his imagination.
617:
Miró's familiar shapes, there's an unusual emphasis on texture." The critic continued, "I was instantly attracted to these four prints, to an emotional lushness, that's in contrast with the cool surfaces of so much of Miró's work. Their poignancy is even greater, I think, when you read how they came to be. The artist met and became friends with Desnos, perhaps the most beloved and influential surrealist writer, in 1925, and before long, they made plans to collaborate on a livre d'artist. Those plans were put on hold because of the
Spanish civil war and World War II. Desnos' bold criticism of the latter led to his imprisonment in
488:, the sentence was translated in a completely wrong way: "A strange and tragic fate gave a concrete meaning to a poem, the only one found with him and dedicated probably to his spouse" followed by an erroneous translation of the aforementioned verses (furthermore, the translation excluded the last line of the Czech translation). Due to this the legend of "The Last Poem" survived well into the 1970s. It was thanks to a Czech translator Adolf Kroupa and his two well-founded articles in
33:
621:, and he died at age 45 shortly after his release in 1945. Nearly three decades later, at the suggestion of Desnos' widow, Miró set out to illustrate the poet's manuscript. It was his first work in prose, which was written in Morocco in 1922 but remained unpublished until this posthumous collaboration."
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Even in the grimmest of circumstances, a shift in perspective can create startling change. I am thinking of a story I heard a few years ago from my friend Odette, a writer and a survivor of the holocaust. Along with many others who crowd the bed of a large truck, she tells me, Robert Desnos is being
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In 2006, the book was displayed in "Joan Miró, Illustrated Books" at the Vero Beach Museum of Art. One critic said it is "an especially powerful set, not only for the rich imagery but also for the story behind the book's creation. The lithographs are long, narrow verticals, and while they feature
520:, used exclusively for political prisoners, a month after the camp's liberation. There is a moving anecdote about Desnos's last days after the liberation while being tended to by Josef Stuna, a young Czech medical student who recognised him thanks to reading Breton's novel,
1837:(The text of Desnos's journal for February 1944, followed by eleven essays on Robert Desnos, by: David Wills, Adelaïde M. Russo, Mary Ann Caws, Michel Murat, Jacqueline Chénieux-Gendron, Renée Riese Hubert, Colette Guedj, Serge Gaubert, Reinhard Pohl and Carmen Vásquez.)
1876:(Proceedings of the symposium held at the University of Picardie Jules Vernes on 6 March 2006; with: Jacques Darras, Pierre Lartigue, Jean-Luc Steinmetz, Mary Ann Caws, Marie-Claire Dumas, Étienne-Alain Hubert, Michel Murat and Carmen Vásquez.)
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relates a story, previously recounted slightly differently in an article by her that appears in González Yuen, that exemplifies Desnos' surrealist mindset; his capacity to envisage solutions that defy conventional logic:
276:(A Corpse) attacking "le bœuf Breton" (Breton the ox or Breton the oaf). He wrote articles on "Modern Imagery", "Avant-garde Cinema" (1929, issue 7), "Pygmalion and the Sphinx" (1930, issue 1), and
1631:(Proceedings of the Cerisy symposium, on 10–17 July 2000, covering Desnos's contributions to radio, cinema, music, theatre, painting, Surrealism, poetry; plus previously unpublished letters.)
2135:(With extensive appendices reprinting articles Desnos wrote about Cuba as a journalist, and related notes (some handwritten) sourced from the Bibliothèque littéraire Jacques Doucet.)
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1465:
Adelen, Cl.; Barbarant, O.; Bourreau-Steele, A.-F.; Cartier, G.; Dobzynski, Ch.; Farasse, G.; Grossman, É.; Para, J.-B.; Ray, L.; Rossi, P. L.; Vargaftig, B. (March 2000).
478:(Free Newspaper) published his obituary which ended with the sentence "In a strange, tragic way his verses have fulfilled" followed by a quote from Desnos' poem
613:(The Penalties of Hell or The New Hebrides), Maeght Editeur, Paris, 1974. It was a set of 25 lithographs, five in black, and the others in colors.
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504:
before she left him for Desnos. Desnos wrote several poems about her. One of his most famous poems is "Letter to Youki", written after his arrest.
435:, a month after the camp's liberation. There is a moving anecdote about Desnos's last days after the liberation while being tended to by a young
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A reading of "Relation d'un Rêve" (Description of a Dream) recorded by Desnos for radio broadcast in 1938 can be heard on the audiobook CD
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206:, would form the literary vanguard of surrealism. André Breton included two photographs of Desnos sleeping in his surrealist novel
249:, a singer whose obsessed fans made his love impossible. He wrote several poems for her, as well as the erotic surrealist novel
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Dumas, Marie-Claire; Dadoun, Roger; Fraenkel, Madeleine; Fraenkel, Michel; Scheler, Lucien; Sullerot, François, eds. (1987).
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in 1956. However, this poem never existed. The belief in its existence started after a misunderstanding. A Czech newspaper
1679:(A compilation of Desnos's newspaper articles as a film critic, plus the texts of some of his own scenarios and projects.)
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2006:(A recollection of Robert Desnos and his encounter in May 1945 with Léo Radek, the last surviving child in Terezin.)
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1986:(A study of Desnos's poetry as expressed through his language games and quest for identity, love, and liberation.)
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2046:(A study of Desnos's work for radio, cinema and the press; includes twelve articles he wrote in the weekly
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2619:
1547:(in French) (1st ed.). Bruxelles: Académie Royale de Langue et de Littérature Française en Belgique.
1331:
The
Politics of Liberation: An Introductory Reader on Political Life and Government in the United States
513:
3165:
1034:(Audiobook CD; collection of songs and reviews, written by Desnos and edited by L. Cantaloube-Ferrieu)
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Cinq Poètes assassinés: Saint-Pol-Roux, Max Jacob, Roberts Desnos, Benjamin
Fondane, André Chennevière
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has translated his poetry and names Desnos as a significant influence on her own work. Dutch composer
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1539:(A detailed account of the last fourteen months of the poet's life, remembered by a fellow prisoner.)
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translated by a Czech poet Jindřich Hořejší and printed in six lines. When re-published in France in
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2234:
1595:(in French) (1st ed.). Montreal & Lyon: XYZ éditeur & Presses Universitaires de Lyon.
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Desnos was married to Youki Desnos, formerly Lucie Badoud, nicknamed "Youki" ("snow") by her lover
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market. Desnos attended commercial college, and started work as a clerk. He also worked as an
931:
De l'érotisme considéré dans ses manifestations écrites et du point de vue de l'esprit moderne
167:. In 1922 he published his first book, a collection of surrealistic aphorisms, with the title
3125:
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3039:
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2102:(A biographical collection relating the tragic deaths of ten poets, including Robert Desnos.)
1963:
543:
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Desnos, Robert (2011) . Dumas, Marie-Claire; Fraenkel, Jacques; Ritzenhaler, Cécile (eds.).
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politics, which caused a rift between him and Breton. Desnos continued work as a columnist.
194:, Desnos was an active member of the Surrealist group and developed a particular talent for
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635:, was published as the first in a series on Desnos's life and his friendship with the poet
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8:
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321:; and became increasingly involved in politics. He wrote for many periodicals, including
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492:(June 1960, August 1970) that this false belief in the poem started to cease to exist.
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for being the movement's "prophet", Desnos disagreed with
Surrealism's involvement in
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1944:
Robert Desnos: Son œuvre dans l'éclairage de Arthur
Rimbaud et Guillaume Apollinaire
1469:(in French). Paris: Europe - Revue littéraire mensuelle; No. 851. pp. 123–192.
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1755:(in French and English). Translated by Adès, Timothy. Todmorden, UK: Arc Classics.
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Robert Desnos et Cuba: Un carrefour du monde (Histoire des
Antilles hispaniques)
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Robert Desnos was born in Paris on 4 July 1900, the son of a licensed dealer in
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171:(the name adopted as an "alternative persona" by the avant-garde French artist
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431:, which was an inner part of Terezín used only for political prisoners, from
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medical student, Josef Stuna, who recognised him thanks to reading Breton's
105:; 4 July 1900 – 8 June 1945) was a French poet who played a key role in the
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Desnos, Robert (1992). Dumas, Marie-Claire; Cervelle-Zonca, Nicole (eds.).
1001:(includes many previously unpublished works selected by Marie-Claire Dumas)
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1023:(works about painters, written by Desnos and edited by Marie-Claire Dumas)
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than Breton. It was illustrated by his close friend and fellow surrealist
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Robert Desnos, ou, l'exploration des limites (Bibliothèque du XXe siècle)
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Desnos' poetry has been set to music by a number of composers, including
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2058:[André Breton, Robert Desnos : two antagonistic dreamers].
333:. Besides his numerous collections of poems, he published three novels,
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The first poems by Desnos to appear in print were published in 1917 in
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106:
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413:
387:, Desnos provided information collected during his job at the journal
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Mechanical Occult: Automatism, Modernism, and the
Specter of Politics
950:(includes many previously unpublished works selected by René Bertelé)
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401:
219:
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published an "illustrated book" with text from Robert Desnos titled
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Modernist
Montage: The Obscurity of Vision in Cinema and Literature
234:
230:
2162:(New ed.). Philadelphia, PA: The Jewish Publication Society.
1687:. Translated by Kulik, William. New York, NY: Sheep Meadow Press.
1615:
Conley, Katharine; Dumas, Marie-Claire; Egger, Anne, eds. (2000).
1485:
Barnet, Marie-Claire; Robertson, Eric; Saint, Nigel, eds. (2006).
1308:(New ed.). Philadelphia, PA: The Jewish Publication Society.
1276:
Hugnet, Georges, ed. (2014) . "Choix de poèmes de Robert Desnos".
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1732:
1699:(A compilation of 135 of Desnos's poems, in English translation.)
1527:(in French). Paris, Montreal, Budapest & Turin: L'Harmattan.
1108:
Lahire, Bernard (2006). "4. De la nécessité d'un second métier".
1065:
901:(includes previously unpublished works selected by Pierre Berger)
470:) has been published numerous times; it was even set to music by
432:
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360:
260:
By 1929 Breton definitively condemned Desnos, who in turn joined
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as "literary and lyrical in its outpourings of sexual delirium".
135:. After that he worked as a literary columnist for the newspaper
32:
1557:(1st ed.). Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
1280:(in French) (1st public ed.). Paris: Le Temps des Cerises.
849:(includes previously unpublished works selected and prefaced by
2200:
436:
2056:"André Breton, Robert Desnos : deux rêveurs antagonistes"
1946:(in French) (Reprint ed.). Paris: Librairie A.-G. Nizet.
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2219:
1188:
Robert Desnos, surrealism, and the marvelous in everyday life
1158:
Keenoy, Ray; Brown, Saskia, eds. (1996). "Liberty or Love!".
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Chantefables et
Chantefleurs à chanter sur n'importe quel air
1549:(A study of the five phases of Desnos's poetic development.)
1041:
Robert Desnos, Surrealist, Lover, Resistant: Collected Poems
935:(previously unpublished text of 1923, written by Desnos for
3079:
1793:
1190:. Lincoln, NE.: University of Nebraska Press. p. 154.
400:
He was first deported to the German concentration camps of
318:
314:
293:
His career in radio began in 1932 with a show dedicated to
183:
2096:
Prouteau, Gilbert (1962) . "Chapter X. Deuil pour deuil".
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La condition littéraire : La double vie des écrivains
1049:(dual language text, French and English), Arc Publications
2160:
The Last Album: Eyes from the Ashes of
Auschwitz-Birkenau
1823:"Moi qui suis Robert Desnos" : Permanence d'une voix
1719:(A compilation of Desnos's texts about painters, such as
1451:(booklet). Colchester, UK: Chandos Records. pp. 8–9.
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C'est les bottes de sept lieues cette phrase "Je me vois"
161:(Hyphen), and also the same year in the Dadaist magazine
1576:(in English and French). Boston, MA: Black Widow Press.
1112:. Paris: Edition La Découverte. pp. 132, 142, 308.
393:
and made false identity papers, and was arrested by the
371:
During World War II, Desnos was an active member of the
3176:
Resistance members who died in Nazi concentration camps
1864:(in French). Paris: INDIGO & Côté-femmes éditions.
1771:, in French with English translation on opposite page.)
1447:(for Soprano and Orchestra)". In Thomas, Adrian (ed.).
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Desnos, Robert (1938). "Track 12. Relation d'un Rêve".
1504:
Benedikt, Michael; Wellwarth, George E., eds. (1964).
461:
1487:
Robert Desnos: Surrealism in the Twenty-first Century
1484:
1160:
Babel Guide to French Fiction in English Translation
1101:
894:(includes works by Desnos, selected by Robert Ganzo)
2216:
by Thacker, Eugene. Mute magazine, 16 October 2013.
1860:Dumas, Marie-Claire; Vásquez, Carmen, eds. (2007).
1481:(A collection of eleven articles on Robert Desnos.)
1137:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 28.
1080:(Chandos Records, 2011) – Includes selections from
2081:(Revised ed.). Boston MA: Black Widow Press.
1920:
1795:
1660:
1617:Desnos pour l'An 2000: Actes du colloque de Cerisy
987:Les Pénalités de l'enfer ou Les Nouvelles Hébrides
611:Les pénalités de l'enfer ou les nouvelles Hébrides
2143:(Reprint ed.). London: Thames & Hudson.
1767:(A compilation of 171 poems by Desnos and one by
1503:
1299:
1297:
3102:
2201:Association of Robert Desnos Friends (in French)
2123:(in French). Paris & Montreal: L'Harmattan.
2079:Revolution of the Mind: The Life of André Breton
1779:(in French) (1st ed.). Paris: Klincksieck.
1614:
1306:The Last Album: Eyes from the Ashes of Auschwitz
605:In 1974, at the urging of Robert Desnos' widow,
212:. Although he was praised by Breton in his 1924
2014:(in French) (1st ed.). Paris: José Corti.
1974:(in French) (1st ed.). Paris: Guy Roblot.
916:(1944); includes thirty previously unpublished
2100:(in French). Paris: Grasset. pp. 275–298.
1356:"To Love The Marigold: Hope & Imagination"
1294:
673:That Line "I See Myself" is Seven-League Boots
2235:
2032:Robert Desnos and the play of popular culture
1969:
1574:Essential Poems and Writings of Robert Desnos
1328:
366:
2062:(in French). Utopies (–IV). Paris: 152–158.
1884:. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
1859:
1655:, a contemporary friend of Robert Desnos's.)
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1994:(in French). Paris: Editions Bruno Doucey.
1753:Robert Desnos: Surrealist, Lover, Resistant
1162:. London: Boulevard Books. pp. 72–73.
1157:
297:. During that time, he became friends with
3070:London International Surrealist Exhibition
2242:
2228:
2076:
1333:. Dubuque, IA: Kendall Hunt. p. 426.
31:
2012:Robert Desnos - Les grands jours du poète
1972:Robert Desnos: Une voix, un chant, un cri
835:
383:, often publishing under pseudonyms. For
3065:Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme
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2095:
2050:(1933–1935), with English translations.)
1525:Destination Auschwitz Avec Robert Desnos
1522:
1260:
1181:
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153:(Platform for Youth) and in 1919 in the
3151:French civilians killed in World War II
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1941:
1918:
1639:(in French). Paris: Mercure de France.
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1353:
1322:
1210:
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602:set several of Desnos’ poems to music.
527:Desnos died on 8 June 1945, aged 44 of
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1989:
1882:The History of the Surrealist Movement
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2009:
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1555:The surrealist voice of Robert Desnos
1545:L'évolution poétique de Robert Desnos
1303:
1254:
1229:
1176:
313:; published many critical reviews on
100:
2026:(A study of Desnos's writing style.)
1571:
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253:(1927). Critic Ray Keenoy describes
198:. He, together with writers such as
1593:Robert Desnos: Le poème entre temps
1008:Nouvelles Hébrides et autres textes
13:
1607:(An extensive study of the use of
1458:
1354:Griffin, Susan (27 January 2005).
182:, who introduced him to the Paris
175:; a pun on "Eros, c'est la vie").
14:
3192:
3019:The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
2180:
2108:"The Period of the Sleeping Fits"
1841:Dumas, Marie-Claire, ed. (1999).
1821:Dumas, Marie-Claire, ed. (1987).
1637:Robert Desnos: Le roman d'une vie
1489:. Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang.
73:Theresienstadt concentration camp
3171:20th-century French male writers
3161:Burials at Montparnasse Cemetery
2213:The Period of the Sleeping Fits.
2106:Thacker, Eugene (October 2013).
1919:Kuenzli, Rudolf E., ed. (1996).
1825:(in French). Paris: José Corti.
1707:(in French). Paris: Flammarion.
1663:Les rayons et les ombres: Cinéma
1215:. New York, Oxford: Peter Lang.
495:
270:, as one of the authors to sign
1966:on the works of Robert Desnos.)
1845:(in French). Paris: Gallimard.
1667:(in French). Paris: Gallimard.
1619:(in French). Paris: Gallimard.
1403:
1064:(1928) – in collaboration with
1045:, translated and introduced by
920:(1952), plus twenty additional
642:
2249:
1970:Laroche Davis, Hélène (1981).
1441:(for Baritone and Orchestra);
1071:
1053:
1012:(edited by Marie-Claire Dumas)
359:(1928), which was directed by
284:filmmaker, on his film titled
1:
2964:Bureau of Surrealist Research
1958:(A study of the influence of
1862:Robert Desnos: le poète libre
1329:González Yuen, Nicky (1994).
1095:
233:curiously written in classic
112:
2192:Free translation of Desnos'
2034:. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
1927:. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
1903:(in French). Paris: Fayard.
1775:Dumas, Marie-Claire (1980).
1444:Chantefleurs et Chantefables
1391:(Audio book). LTM Recordings
1265:(in French). Paris: Grasset.
1240:(in French). Paris: Fayard.
1211:Clinton, Alan Ramón (2004).
1089:Chantefleurs et Chantefables
695:The Night of Loveless Nights
588:Chantefleurs et Chantefables
567:Chantefleurs et Chantefables
349:(1928; revised 1944); and a
245:. Desnos fell in love with
229:, a lyric poem dealing with
227:The Night of Loveless Nights
7:
2054:Orizet, Jean (April 2000).
2030:Nunley, Charles A. (2018).
1651:(An extensive biography by
1635:Desanti, Dominique (1999).
237:, which makes it more like
10:
3197:
3146:Frontist Party politicians
2139:Waldberg, Patrick (1978).
2098:Les Dieux meurent le matin
1685:The Voice of Robert Desnos
1263:Les dieux meurent le matin
1261:Prouteau, Gilbert (1962).
1186:Conley, Katharine (2003).
480:I Dreamt About You So Much
412:in Germany and finally to
367:Resistance and deportation
3181:Deaths from typhoid fever
3156:French Resistance members
3136:French surrealist writers
3090:Paranoiac-critical method
3027:
2936:
2633:
2257:
2208:(public domain in Canada)
2077:Polizzotti, Mark (2008).
1990:Lacamp, Ysabelle (2018).
1591:Chitrit, Armelle (1996).
1508:. New York: Plume Books.
1437:Desnos, Robert (2011) . "
1416:. Outskirts Press. 2023.
1304:Weiss, Ann, ed. (2005) .
1133:Adams Sitney, P. (1990).
967:Calixto, suivi de Contrée
586:(2007). A selection from
549:
466:A so-called "Last Poem" (
462:Legend of "The Last Poem"
404:in occupied Poland, then
379:, under the direction of
327:La Révolution surréaliste
144:
83:
61:
42:
30:
23:
2974:Chicago Surrealist Group
2959:British Surrealist Group
2119:Vásquez, Carmen (1999).
1942:Laborie, Paule (2005) .
1923:Dada and Surrealist Film
1915:(An in-depth biography.)
1523:Bessière, André (2001).
1449:Lutoslawski: Vocal Works
1238:Les confidences de Youki
1078:Lutoslawski: Vocal Works
507:
215:Manifeste du Surréalisme
178:In 1919 he met the poet
1880:Durozi, Gerard (2005).
1751:Desnos, Robert (2017).
1705:Écrits sur les peintres
1683:Desnos, Robert (2005).
1572:Caws, Mary Ann (2007).
1553:Caws, Mary Ann (1977).
1019:Écrits sur les peintres
807:; English translation:
686:; English translation:
671:; English translation:
656:; English translation:
422:occupied Czechoslovakia
3141:French erotica writers
3085:Abstract expressionism
2954:Birmingham Surrealists
2643:Maxime Moses Alexandre
2620:Radojica Živanović Noe
2285:Jacques-André Boiffard
2206:Works by Robert Desnos
2010:Murat, Michel (1988).
1992:Ombre parmi les ombres
1543:Buchole, Rosa (1956).
1439:Les Espaces du sommeil
1236:Desnos, Youki (1999).
1083:Les Espaces du sommeil
1040:
1029:
1018:
1007:
996:
986:
976:
966:
956:
945:
930:
907:
889:
879:
869:
859:
844:
836:Published posthumously
827:
817:
802:
794:Bathing with Andromeda
788:Le Bain Avec Andromède
787:
772:
757:
742:
732:
717:
702:
682:La Liberté ou l’amour!
681:
666:
651:
561:Les Espaces du sommeil
490:Les Lettres Françaises
485:Les Lettres Françaises
459:
339:La Liberté ou l'amour!
255:La liberté ou l'amour!
251:La liberté ou l'amour!
3055:Surrealist techniques
3040:Surrealist automatism
2984:Fighting Cock Society
2723:Roger Gilbert-Lecomte
2708:Vratislav Effenberger
2648:Guillaume Apollinaire
2060:Revue des deux mondes
1843:Robert Desnos: Œuvres
1506:Modern French Theatre
912:(reprints the thirty
658:Mourning for Mourning
544:Montparnasse cemetery
454:
397:on 22 February 1944.
151:La Tribune des Jeunes
102:[ʁɔbɛʁdɛsnos]
37:Robert Desnos in 1924
3035:Surrealist Manifesto
2989:The Firesign Theatre
2773:Comte de Lautréamont
1899:Egger, Anne (2007).
1802:(in French). Paris:
1611:in Desnos's poetry.)
1278:L'Honneur des poètes
1030:Les Voix intérieures
880:Les Regrets de Paris
870:Les Trois Solitaires
828:La Place de l'Étoile
542:He is buried at the
535:concentration camp,
347:La Place de l'étoile
225:In 1926 he composed
2923:Marianne Van Hirtum
2898:Simon Watson Taylor
2360:Christian Dotremont
2158:Weiss, Ann (2005).
1804:Éditions de l'Herne
1384:Surrealism Reviewed
997:Destinée arbitraire
904:(1952, 1955, 1970)
803:Trente Chantefables
626:Surrealism Reviewed
121:and poultry at the
3121:Writers from Paris
2400:Alberto Giacometti
2390:Gordon Onslow Ford
2325:Leonora Carrington
1725:Giorgio de Chirico
628:, issued in 2002.
584:Le Temps l'Horloge
556:Witold Lutosławski
3166:French male poets
3098:
3097:
3075:Women surrealists
3045:Surrealist cinema
2893:Philippe Soupault
2525:Benjamín Palencia
2169:978-0-8276-0784-2
2150:978-0-500-20040-7
2130:978-2-7384-8582-3
2088:978-0-9795137-8-7
2041:978-1-4331-4301-4
2021:978-2-7143-0283-0
2001:978-2-3622-9165-4
1981:978-2-8566-7021-7
1953:978-2-7078-0373-3
1934:978-0-262-61121-3
1910:978-2-2136-3187-5
1891:978-0-226-17412-9
1871:978-2-3526-0010-7
1852:978-2-0707-5427-4
1832:978-2-7143-0199-4
1813:978-2-8519-7059-6
1786:978-2-2520-2183-5
1762:978-1-906570-95-8
1714:978-2-0812-1998-4
1694:978-1-931357-94-4
1674:978-2-0707-2519-9
1653:Dominique Desanti
1646:978-2-7152-2122-2
1626:978-2-0707-6031-2
1602:978-2-7297-0560-2
1583:978-0-9768449-9-0
1564:978-0-87023-223-7
1534:978-2-7475-0180-4
1515:978-0-525-47176-9
1496:978-3-0391-1019-3
1476:978-2-9108-1445-8
1389:ltmrecordings.com
1340:978-0-7575-0025-1
1315:978-0-8276-0784-2
1287:978-2-8410-9999-3
1247:978-2-2136-0412-1
1222:978-0-8204-6943-0
1197:978-0-8032-1523-8
1169:978-1-899460-10-6
1144:978-0-231-07183-3
1119:978-2-7071-4942-8
779:Against the Grain
764:The Wine is Drawn
631:In 2023 a novel,
502:Tsuguharu Foujita
373:French Résistance
290:(1930, issue 4).
278:Sergei Eisenstein
196:automatic writing
91:
90:
3188:
3131:Surrealist poets
3050:Surrealist music
2969:Chicago Imagists
2949:Les Automatistes
2888:Louis Scutenaire
2828:Vítězslav Nezval
2668:Georges Bataille
2585:Dorothea Tanning
2570:Jindřich Štyrský
2545:Aminollah Rezaei
2440:Jacqueline Lamba
2430:Gerome Kamrowski
2375:Curt Echtermeyer
2330:Ithell Colquhoun
2244:
2237:
2230:
2221:
2220:
2187:Poems in English
2173:
2154:
2134:
2115:
2101:
2092:
2073:
2045:
2025:
2005:
1985:
1957:
1938:
1926:
1914:
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735:
720:
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688:Liberty or Love!
684:
669:
654:
652:Deuil pour deuil
363:that same year.
345:(1943); a play,
335:Deuil pour deuil
287:The General Line
262:Georges Bataille
159:Le Trait d'union
133:Jean de Bonnefon
104:
99:
68:
52:
50:
35:
21:
20:
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3099:
3094:
3023:
2932:
2863:Raymond Queneau
2858:Jacques Prévert
2848:Rastko Petrović
2808:Robert Melville
2788:Georges Limbour
2768:Philip Lamantia
2673:Monny de Boully
2635:
2629:
2615:James F. Walker
2605:Albert Valentin
2595:Kristians Tonny
2565:Martin Stejskal
2540:Toni del Renzio
2520:Wolfgang Paalen
2515:Méret Oppenheim
2495:E. L. T. Mesens
2460:Georges Malkine
2395:Esteban Francés
2355:Óscar Domínguez
2310:Jacques Brunius
2305:Emmy Bridgwater
2253:
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2183:
2177:
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2131:
2089:
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2042:
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2002:
1982:
1954:
1935:
1911:
1892:
1872:
1853:
1833:
1814:
1787:
1763:
1737:Francis Picabia
1715:
1695:
1675:
1647:
1627:
1603:
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1497:
1477:
1461:
1459:Further reading
1456:
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1120:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1074:
1061:L'Étoile de mer
1056:
860:Rue de la Gaîté
845:Choix de poèmes
838:
758:Le vin est tiré
645:
580:Henri Dutilleux
572:Francis Poulenc
552:
512:Desnos died in
510:
498:
476:Svobodné noviny
472:Francis Poulenc
464:
427:Desnos died in
369:
356:L'Étoile de mer
343:Le vin est tiré
311:John Dos Passos
243:Georges Malkine
147:
131:for journalist
115:
97:
79:
70:
66:
57:
54:
48:
46:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3113:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3060:Surreal humour
3057:
3052:
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2890:
2885:
2883:Georges Sadoul
2880:
2875:
2873:Pierre Reverdy
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2843:Benjamin Péret
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2823:Pierre Naville
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2778:Marcel Lecomte
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2743:Georges Hugnet
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2718:Renée Gauthier
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2683:Roger Caillois
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2658:Antonin Artaud
2655:
2650:
2645:
2639:
2637:
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2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2575:Maurice Tabard
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2555:Kurt Seligmann
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2530:Roland Penrose
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2505:Desmond Morris
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2420:Valentine Hugo
2417:
2415:Jacques Hérold
2412:
2407:
2405:Julio González
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2370:Marcel Duhamel
2367:
2365:Marcel Duchamp
2362:
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2352:
2347:
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2322:
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2297:
2295:Victor Brauner
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2189:
2182:
2181:External links
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946:Domaine public
940:
937:Jacques Doucet
925:
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899:Roberts Desnos
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854:
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749:State of Alert
743:État de veille
737:
727:
712:
709:Body and Goods
703:Corps et biens
697:
691:
676:
661:
644:
641:
637:Antonin Artaud
619:Theresienstadt
596:Carolyn Forché
551:
548:
537:Czechoslovakia
533:Theresienstadt
509:
506:
497:
494:
463:
460:
418:Theresienstadt
381:Michel Hollard
368:
365:
180:Benjamin Péret
173:Marcel Duchamp
146:
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111:
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84:Known for
81:
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77:Czechoslovakia
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2918:Jacques Vaché
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2903:André Thirion
2901:
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2783:Michel Leiris
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2703:Robert Desnos
2701:
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2688:Nicolas Calas
2686:
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2663:Jacques Baron
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2490:John Melville
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2480:Mikuláš Medek
2478:
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2475:Roberto Matta
2473:
2471:
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2466:
2465:Marcel Mariën
2463:
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2455:René Magritte
2453:
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2450:Conroy Maddox
2448:
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2436:
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2431:
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2410:Jane Graverol
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56:Paris, France
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25:Robert Desnos
22:
19:
16:French writer
3126:French poets
3014:Refus Global
3009:Monty Python
2928:Roger Vitrac
2908:Dylan Thomas
2878:Marko Ristić
2868:Herbert Read
2753:Nelly Kaplan
2748:Alfred Jarry
2738:Irène Hamoir
2733:Julien Gracq
2702:
2678:André Breton
2653:Louis Aragon
2560:André Souris
2485:Oscar Mellor
2470:André Masson
2350:Paul Delvaux
2320:Claude Cahun
2280:Hans Bellmer
2275:Eugène Atget
2212:
2196:into English
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1393:. Retrieved
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188:André Breton
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169:Rrose Sélavy
162:
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150:
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136:
122:
116:
93:
92:
67:(1945-06-08)
18:
3116:1945 deaths
3111:1900 births
2803:Dušan Matić
2713:Paul Éluard
2698:René Daumal
2693:René Crevel
2634:Writers and
2590:Karel Teige
2580:Yves Tanguy
2435:Wifredo Lam
2425:Frida Kahlo
2385:Leonor Fini
2315:Luis Buñuel
2290:Bill Brandt
2265:Eileen Agar
1964:Apollinaire
1413:by Personne
1395:16 February
1366:16 February
1072:Discography
1054:Filmography
851:Paul Eluard
592:Jean Wiener
590:was set by
564:(1975) and
410:Flossenburg
390:Aujourd'hui
385:Réseau Agir
377:Réseau AGIR
351:film script
341:(1927) and
323:Littérature
204:Paul Éluard
164:Littérature
155:avant-garde
65:8 June 1945
53:4 July 1900
3105:Categories
2999:Grup d'Elx
2979:Dau al Set
2833:Paul Nougé
2818:Max Morise
2813:René Ménil
2625:Unica Zürn
2500:Lee Miller
2251:Surrealism
2141:Surrealism
1096:References
809:Storysongs
546:in Paris.
406:Buchenwald
273:Un Cadavre
239:Baudelaire
192:Paris-Soir
186:group and
138:Paris-Soir
129:amanuensis
113:Early life
109:movement.
107:Surrealist
49:1900-07-04
2994:The Goons
2838:Paul Păun
2793:Léo Malet
2758:Petr Král
2728:Yvan Goll
2636:Theorists
2510:Joan Miró
2445:Dora Maar
2380:Max Ernst
2335:Gala Dalí
2114:. London.
1741:Joan Miró
1729:Max Ernst
1360:zcomm.org
607:Joan Miró
600:Marjo Tal
424:in 1945.
402:Auschwitz
303:Hemingway
267:Documents
235:quatrains
220:communist
2944:Acéphale
2550:Kay Sage
2270:Jean Arp
733:Fortunes
570:(1991),
375:network
337:(1924),
331:Variétés
295:Fantômas
231:solitude
3028:Related
2535:Man Ray
2258:Artists
1960:Rimbaud
1733:Man Ray
1066:Man Ray
1037:(2017)
1026:(1987)
1015:(1984)
1004:(1978)
993:(1975)
983:(1974)
973:(1966)
963:(1962)
953:(1957)
942:(1953)
927:(1953)
924:(1955))
897:(1949)
886:(1947)
876:(1947)
866:(1947)
856:(1947)
841:(1946)
824:(1945)
814:(1945)
799:(1944)
784:(1944)
773:Contrée
769:(1944)
754:(1943)
739:(1943)
729:(1942)
714:(1934)
699:(1930)
693:(1930)
678:(1927)
663:(1926)
648:(1924)
529:typhoid
518:Terezín
433:typhoid
414:Terezín
395:Gestapo
361:Man Ray
299:Picasso
157:review
98:French:
2937:Groups
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977:Cinéma
811:(2014)
690:(1997)
675:(2017)
660:(2012)
550:Legacy
319:cinema
307:Artaud
282:Soviet
280:, the
145:Career
124:Halles
87:Poetry
2600:Toyen
2048:Voilà
582:with
558:with
522:Nadja
516:, at
508:Death
442:Nadja
437:Czech
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3080:Dada
2164:ISBN
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2125:ISBN
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2064:ISBN
2036:ISBN
2016:ISBN
1996:ISBN
1976:ISBN
1962:and
1948:ISBN
1929:ISBN
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1847:ISBN
1827:ISBN
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1669:ISBN
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1609:time
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1471:ISBN
1418:ISBN
1397:2019
1368:2019
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317:and
315:jazz
309:and
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