417:. Positive or negative in this case means that a certain parameter that was evaluated was present or not. In this case, that parameter is whether air conduction is better than bone conduction. Thus, a "positive" result indicates the healthy state, in contrast to many other medical tests. Therefore, some prefer to avoid using the terms "positive" or "negative", and simply state if the test was normal or abnormal. For example: "Rinne's test was abnormal in the right ear, with bone conduction greater than air conduction".
25:
260:
329:
sensorineural hearing loss will indicate that the sound has stopped much earlier. This can be revealed by the person administering the test (with normal hearing) placing the fork close to their own ear after the patient indicates that the sound has subsided, noting that the sound from the fork is still noticeable to a normal ear.
271:
against the patient's mastoid bone and asking the patient to tell you when the sound is no longer heard. Once the patient signals they can't hear it, the still vibrating tuning fork is then placed 1–2 cm from the auditory canal. The patient is then asked again to indicate when they are no longer
336:
Rinne test may occur. It is caused by the fact that even though one ear is unable to respond to the test, the other ear can still be stimulated by the bone conduction test (via conducting sound through skull bones to the opposite ear), causing the patient to respond to the tuning fork on mastoid but
672:
The Rinne test is not reliable in distinguishing sensorineural and conductive loss cases of severe unilateral or total sensorineural loss. In such cases, bone conduction to the contralateral normal ear will be better than air conduction, resulting in a false negative. In such a case, the Weber test
328:
the ability to sense the tuning fork by both bone and air conduction is equally diminished, implying they will hear the tuning fork by air conduction after they can no longer hear it through bone conduction. This pattern is the same to what is found in people with normal hearing, but patients with
304:
If the patient is not able to hear the tuning fork after it is moved from the mastoid to the pinna, it means that their bone conduction is greater than their air conduction. This indicates there is something inhibiting the passage of sound waves from the
797:
1281:
743:
Betts, J Gordon; Desaix, Peter; Johnson, Eddie; Johnson, Jody E; Korol, Oksana; Kruse, Dean; Poe, Brandon; Wise, James; Womble, Mark D; Young, Kelly A (May 14, 2023).
1274:
146:
934:
786:
F. H. A. Rinne. Beiträge zur
Physiologie des menschlichen Ohres. Vierteljahrsschrift für die praktische Heilkunde, Prague, 1855, 45: 71-123.
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754:
413:
Note that the words positive and negative are used in a somewhat confusing fashion here, as compared to their typical use in
1727:
1201:
1745:
1668:
290:(outer ear) after they can no longer hear it when held against the mastoid. This normal result is paradoxically called a
286:
Air conduction should be greater than bone conduction, so the patient should be able to hear the tuning fork next to the
89:
1024:
61:
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1656:
1567:
927:
215:
198:
108:
1740:
68:
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1315:
366:, whereas bone conduction bypasses some or all of these and allows the sound to be transmitted directly to the
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46:
75:
1081:
920:
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389:
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57:
1663:
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1352:
1347:
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851:
Bagai A, Thavendiranathan P, Detsky AS (January 2006). "Does this patient have hearing impairment?".
1643:
153:
1793:
1735:
1518:
1014:
401:
318:
219:
35:
1798:
1772:
1707:
1579:
1428:
1229:
1048:
1623:
1562:
1413:
1395:
1342:
1290:
1211:
1131:
1086:
248:
240:
8:
1759:
1544:
1489:
1357:
1259:
82:
1717:
1699:
1592:
1526:
1325:
833:
720:
695:
206:) is used primarily to evaluate loss of hearing in one ear. It compares perception of
1767:
1471:
1320:
1239:
1152:
1041:
948:
868:
825:
817:
750:
725:
673:
will, however, show signs of lateralization, implying some kind of pathology. Formal
141:
906:
837:
1613:
1461:
1446:
1234:
1188:
1069:
912:
860:
809:
715:
707:
175:
134:
1618:
1479:
1310:
1302:
1294:
1116:
351:
332:
In case of a severe sensorineural hearing loss caused due to a dead labyrinth, a
287:
211:
159:
1597:
1484:
1456:
1370:
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333:
813:
1787:
1362:
1206:
1064:
821:
711:
736:
1554:
1496:
1418:
1106:
1019:
971:
872:
864:
414:
829:
729:
1684:
1633:
1438:
1036:
989:
984:
294:
Rinne test (as a positive medical test usually indicates an abnormality).
268:
263:
Placement of the tuning fork in front of the ear, to test air conduction.
1587:
1501:
1451:
1335:
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1121:
894:
674:
666:
662:
347:
310:
244:
226:
1423:
1380:
1172:
367:
306:
237:
24:
1712:
979:
359:
1330:
1167:
956:
944:
665:, are quick screening tests and are not a replacement for formal
363:
355:
314:
1375:
677:
testing would be required if any abnormal result is presented.
669:. Recently, its value as a screening test has been questioned.
267:
The Rinne test is performed by placing a 512 Hz vibrating
259:
1628:
371:
207:
1405:
850:
190:
1289:
742:
184:
909:- Family Practice Notebook. Retrieved February 3, 2007.
696:"Sensitivity and specificity of Rinne tuning fork test"
341:
337:
not when it's placed near the affected ear's air canal.
749:. Houston: OpenStax CNX. 16.3 The Cranial Nerve Exam.
210:
transmitted by air conduction to those transmitted by
404:, bone conduction (BC) is better than air conduction
199:
187:
942:
370:
albeit at a reduced volume, or via the bones of the
181:
218:. Thus, one can quickly screen for the presence of
178:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1785:
225:A Rinne test should always be accompanied by a
392:, air conduction is more than bone conduction
388:In an ear with normal hearing and an ear with
1275:
928:
233:and thus confirm the nature of hearing loss.
693:
844:
1282:
1268:
935:
921:
687:
719:
362:) to amplify and direct the sound to the
346:Air conduction uses the apparatus of the
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
802:The Journal of Laryngology & Otology
798:"Rinne positive or false Rinne negative"
258:
638:
440:
1786:
795:
236:The Rinne test was named after German
1263:
916:
422:
1202:Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
342:Air vs. bone conductive hearing loss
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1669:Upper limb neurological examination
1007:
694:Thijs C, Leffers P (January 1989).
298:
13:
661:This test and its complement, the
14:
1810:
900:
888:
280:
174:
23:
1690:Ballard Maturational Assessment
1550:Peripheral vascular examination
796:Rogers, J. H. (December 1981).
34:needs additional citations for
1316:History of the present illness
789:
780:
763:
656:
272:able to hear the tuning fork.
1:
1657:Mini–mental state examination
1568:Ankle–brachial pressure index
680:
1082:Auditory processing disorder
254:
7:
883:
10:
1815:
1032:Sensorineural hearing loss
390:sensorineural hearing loss
326:sensorineural hearing loss
275:
231:sensorineural hearing loss
16:Screening test for hearing
1758:
1726:
1698:
1677:
1664:Cranial nerve examination
1642:
1606:
1578:
1535:
1517:
1470:
1437:
1403:
1394:
1301:
1222:
1181:
1160:
1151:
1099:
1057:
1025:Superior canal dehiscence
1000:
964:
955:
814:10.1017/S0022215100092069
547:
515:
509:
500:
497:
492:
487:
484:
435:
429:
424:
152:
140:
128:
123:
746:Anatomy & Physiology
712:10.1136/bmj.298.6668.255
1736:Athletic heart syndrome
1245:Vestibulo–ocular reflex
1015:Conductive hearing loss
402:conductive hearing loss
319:conductive hearing loss
313:apparatus and into the
220:conductive hearing loss
1773:Differential diagnosis
1708:Well-woman examination
865:10.1001/jama.295.4.416
264:
1049:Nonsyndromic deafness
436:lateralizes to right
374:to the opposite ear.
262:
1741:Sudden cardiac death
1624:Shoulder examination
1563:Abdominojugular test
1396:Physical examination
1343:Past medical history
1212:Labyrinthine fistula
1137:visual reinforcement
1087:Spatial hearing loss
430:lateralizes to left
249:Ernst Heinrich Weber
241:Heinrich Adolf Rinne
43:improve this article
1760:Assessment and plan
1545:Cardiac examination
1490:Swinging light test
1358:Psychiatric history
1291:Medical examination
976:Excessive response
1718:Breast examination
1593:Rectal examination
1527:Respiratory sounds
1326:Nursing assessment
443:Condition of ears:
433:no lateralization
383:Positive/negative
317:(i.e., there is a
265:
1781:
1780:
1768:Medical diagnosis
1754:
1753:
1629:Elbow examination
1257:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1230:Dix–Hallpike test
1197:Ménière's disease
1147:
1146:
1095:
1094:
1042:Cortical deafness
907:Tuning Fork Tests
756:978-1-947172-04-3
654:
653:
411:
410:
243:(1819–1868); the
166:
165:
119:
118:
111:
93:
1806:
1614:Knee examination
1462:Respiratory rate
1401:
1400:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1261:
1260:
1235:Unterberger test
1189:Balance disorder
1158:
1157:
1070:Wolfram syndrome
1005:
1004:
962:
961:
937:
930:
923:
914:
913:
877:
876:
848:
842:
841:
793:
787:
784:
778:
767:
761:
760:
740:
734:
733:
723:
691:
420:
419:
377:
376:
299:Abnormal hearing
247:was named after
202:
197:
196:
193:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
162:
121:
120:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1750:
1722:
1694:
1673:
1638:
1619:Hip examination
1607:Musculoskeletal
1602:
1574:
1531:
1513:
1480:Eye examination
1466:
1433:
1390:
1311:Chief complaint
1303:Medical history
1297:
1288:
1258:
1249:
1218:
1177:
1143:
1117:Tone decay test
1091:
1053:
996:
951:
941:
903:
891:
886:
881:
880:
849:
845:
794:
790:
785:
781:
768:
764:
757:
741:
737:
692:
688:
683:
659:
598:
593:
568:
563:
536:
531:
495:
490:
400:In an ear with
344:
301:
283:
278:
257:
229:to also detect
212:bone conduction
200:
177:
173:
158:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1812:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1794:Ear procedures
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1764:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
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1724:
1723:
1721:
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1702:
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1687:
1681:
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1648:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1631:
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1621:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1541:
1539:
1537:Cardiovascular
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1485:Ophthalmoscopy
1476:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1464:
1459:
1457:Blood pressure
1454:
1449:
1443:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1408:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1365:
1363:Progress notes
1360:
1355:
1353:Social history
1350:
1348:Family history
1345:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1328:
1323:
1321:Systems review
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1295:history taking
1287:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1264:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1240:Romberg's test
1237:
1232:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1179:
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1170:
1164:
1162:
1155:
1149:
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1142:
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1139:
1134:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1075:Usher syndrome
1072:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1011:
1009:
1002:
998:
997:
995:
994:
993:
992:
987:
982:
974:
968:
966:
959:
953:
952:
940:
939:
932:
925:
917:
911:
910:
902:
901:External links
899:
898:
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890:
889:Internal links
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481:
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434:
431:
427:
426:
423:
409:
408:
405:
397:
396:
393:
385:
384:
381:
343:
340:
339:
338:
334:false negative
330:
322:
309:, through the
300:
297:
296:
295:
282:
281:Normal hearing
279:
277:
274:
256:
253:
164:
163:
156:
150:
149:
144:
138:
137:
132:
126:
125:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1811:
1800:
1799:Medical tests
1797:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1700:Gynecological
1697:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1652:Mental status
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1599:
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1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1207:Labyrinthitis
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1065:Deafblindness
1063:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1003:
999:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
977:
975:
973:
970:
969:
967:
963:
960:
958:
954:
950:
946:
943:Disorders of
938:
933:
931:
926:
924:
919:
918:
915:
908:
905:
904:
896:
893:
892:
874:
870:
866:
862:
859:(4): 416–28.
858:
854:
847:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
792:
783:
777:
776:Who Named It?
773:
772:
766:
758:
752:
748:
747:
739:
731:
727:
722:
717:
713:
709:
706:(6668): 255.
705:
701:
697:
690:
686:
678:
676:
670:
668:
664:
649:
648:sensorineural
645:
641:
635:
632:
631:
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621:
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615:
612:
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579:
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559:
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544:
541:
538:
533:
528:
527:
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522:Sensorineural
520:
519:
512:
511:Sensorineural
506:
503:
502:Sensorineural
483:
480:
479:
475:
473:
472:
468:
466:
465:
461:
459:
458:
454:
452:
451:
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445:
444:
439:
432:
428:
421:
418:
416:
415:medical tests
406:
403:
399:
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391:
387:
386:
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379:
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375:
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365:
361:
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316:
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32:This article
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20:
1644:Neurological
1598:Bowel sounds
1555:Heart sounds
1506:
1419:Auscultation
1111:
1107:Hearing test
1020:Otosclerosis
972:Hearing loss
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808:(12): 1221.
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380:Description
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214:through the
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58:"Rinne test"
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1685:Apgar score
1634:GALS screen
1519:Respiratory
1447:Temperature
1439:Vital signs
1336:Medications
1193:Peripheral
1037:Presbycusis
990:Phonophobia
985:Hyperacusis
657:Limitations
485:Rinne test
425:Weber test
269:tuning fork
1788:Categories
1588:Liver span
1452:Heart rate
1429:Percussion
1414:Inspection
1367:Mnemonics
1127:Audiometry
1122:Weber test
1112:Rinne test
895:Weber test
681:References
675:audiometry
667:audiometry
663:Weber test
644:conductive
636:right ear
626:Conductive
614:Conductive
602:Conductive
584:Conductive
540:Conductive
348:middle ear
311:middle ear
245:Weber test
227:Weber test
170:Rinne test
130:ICD-10-PCS
124:Rinne test
69:newspapers
1580:Abdominal
1424:Palpation
1331:Allergies
1173:nystagmus
1132:pure tone
822:1748-5460
771:synd/2447
633:left ear
407:Negative
395:Positive
368:inner ear
307:ear canal
255:Procedure
238:otologist
1713:Pap test
1678:Neonatal
1404:General/
1385:COASTMAP
1161:Symptoms
980:Tinnitus
965:Symptoms
884:See also
873:16434632
838:39129883
640:Combined
620:Combined
608:Combined
575:Combined
551:Combined
360:ossicles
292:positive
142:ICD-9-CM
99:May 2017
1497:Hearing
1182:Disease
1168:Vertigo
1153:Balance
1001:Disease
957:Hearing
949:balance
945:hearing
830:7320618
730:2493884
721:1835543
642:loss =
580:Normal
571:Normal
556:Normal
545:Normal
516:Normal
507:Normal
498:Normal
364:cochlea
356:eardrum
315:cochlea
276:Results
216:mastoid
160:D006320
135:F13Z0ZZ
83:scholar
1728:Sports
1559:Other
1376:OPQRST
1371:SAMPLE
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208:sounds
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1746:RED-S
1507:Rinne
1502:Weber
1472:HEENT
1223:Tests
1100:Tests
1058:Other
834:S2CID
650:loss
628:loss
622:loss
616:loss
610:loss
604:loss
586:loss
577:loss
553:loss
542:loss
524:loss
513:loss
504:loss
478:right
457:right
372:skull
352:pinna
288:pinna
147:95.42
90:JSTOR
76:books
1406:IPPA
1381:SOAP
1293:and
1008:Loss
947:and
869:PMID
853:JAMA
826:PMID
818:ISSN
751:ISBN
726:PMID
646:and
471:left
464:both
450:left
358:and
168:The
154:MeSH
62:news
861:doi
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810:doi
774:at
716:PMC
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700:BMJ
324:In
201:RIN
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