1766:
162:
41:
29:
442:
339:, which exhibit the greatest possible variety as to their size and number. At the upper and front part of the process, they are large and irregular and contain air, but toward the lower part, they diminish in size, while those at the apex of the process are frequently quite small and contain marrow; occasionally, they are entirely absent, and the mastoid is then solid throughout.
346:
and must be distinguished from the mastoid cells, though it communicates with them. Like the mastoid cells, it is filled with air and lined by a prolongation of the mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity, with which it communicates. The tympanic antrum is bounded above by a thin plate of bone, the
371:. The tympanic antrum is a cavity of some considerable size at the time of birth; the mastoid air cells may be regarded as diverticula from the antrum and begin to appear at or before birth. By the fifth year, they are well-marked, but their development is not completed until toward
383:
The mastoid process is absent or rudimentary in the neonatal skull. It forms postnatally (starts to develop after 1 year old), as the sternocleidomastoid muscle develops and pulls on the bone. It usually finishes structural development by 2 years old.
1786:
202:. The position and size of this foramen are very variable; it is not always present; sometimes it is situated in the occipital bone, or in the suture between the temporal and the occipital.
575:
Petaros, A; Sholts, SB; Cavka, M; Slaus, M; Warmlander, SK (2021), "Sexual dimorphism in mastoid process volumes measured from 3D models of dry crania from medieval
Croatia.",
218:, and appears as a conical or pyramidal projection. It forms a bony prominence behind and below the ear. It has variable size and form (e.g. it is larger in the
289:
The groove for the transverse sinus is separated from the innermost of the mastoid cells by a very thin lamina of bone, and even this may be partly deficient.
81:
681:
617:
Omay SB, Atsina KK, Baehring JM (2016-01-01). "Chapter 53 - Nonneoplastic Mass
Lesions of the Central Nervous System". In Newton HB (ed.).
685:
692:
660:
729:
634:
559:
523:
490:
473:
White TD, Black MT, Folkens PA (2012-01-01). "Chapter 2 - Anatomical
Terminology". In White TD, Black MT, Folkens PA (eds.).
367:, which projects into its cavity. It opens in front into that portion of the tympanic cavity which is known as the attic or
1791:
1652:
1536:
1335:
1174:
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1237:
1068:
342:
In addition to these a large irregular cavity is situated at the upper and front part of the bone. It is called the
1676:
401:
of the mastoid process, antenatal injuries to the region often recover spontaneously. The largest size is found in
852:
830:
776:
1671:
904:
583:(2), Croatia: Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, J. Comp. Hum. Biol. HOMO.: 113–127,
1453:
1299:
76:
1801:
1796:
1508:
1095:
1061:
542:
Klein CM (2005-01-01). "Chapter 50 - Diseases of the
Seventh Cranial Nerve". In Dyck PJ, Thomas PK (eds.).
1732:
1476:
1395:
840:
48:(Temporal bone is in purple, and the mastoid portion is immediately to the left of the tip of the arrow.)
451:
1756:
1737:
722:
360:
215:
179:
308:, also serrated, articulates with the inferior border of the occipital between the lateral angle and
301:
of the mastoid part is broad and serrated, for articulation with the mastoid angle of the parietal.
1521:
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1262:
1226:
1108:
835:
786:
653:
250:. On the medial side of the process is a deep groove, the mastoid notch, for the attachment of the
88:
506:
Barral JP, Croibier A (2009-01-01). "Chapter 19 - Facial nerve". In Barral JP, Croibier A (eds.).
1568:
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A section of the mastoid process shows it to be hollowed out into a number of spaces, the
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Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
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The inner surface of the mastoid portion presents a deep, curved groove, the
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Anteriorly, the mastoid portion is fused with the descending process of the
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Side view of head, showing mastoid part of the temporal bone at right
574:
546:(Fourth ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. pp. 1219–1252.
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is situated near the posterior border and transmits a vein to the
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227:
183:
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621:(Second ed.). San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 653–665.
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223:
150:
126:
122:
678:
at The
Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
772:
477:(Third ed.). San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 11–24.
210:
The mastoid process is located posterior and inferior to the
118:
64:
28:
219:
114:
234:. The mastoid process serves for the attachment of the
174:
Its outer surface is rough and gives attachment to the
149:
The word "mastoid" is derived from the Greek word for "
510:. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 153–166.
1754:
408:
Rarely, lesions can develop on the mastoid process.
616:
351:, which separates it from the middle fossa of the
319:above; below, it enters into the formation of the
472:
1778:
121:. Its rough surface gives attachment to various
1326:in petrous part, but not part of temporal bone)
505:
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723:
405:and least found in North American Indians.
730:
716:
282:; in it may be seen in the opening of the
254:; medial to this is a shallow furrow, the
153:", a reference to the shape of this bone.
39:
27:
387:
160:
16:Back part of the sides of the skull base
619:Handbook of Neuro-Oncology Neuroimaging
1779:
446:This article incorporates text in the
711:
697:Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator
665:Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator
541:
508:Manual Therapy for the Cranial Nerves
266:passes close to the mastoid process.
137:. From its borders, the mastoid part
656:at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
537:
535:
392:
109:is the posterior (back) part of the
13:
627:10.1016/b978-0-12-800945-1.00053-7
552:10.1016/b978-0-7216-9491-7.50053-3
516:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3100-7.50022-7
483:10.1016/b978-0-12-374134-9.50002-7
205:
14:
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107:mastoid part of the temporal bone
22:Mastoid part of the temporal bone
1764:
440:
269:
169:
831:Internal occipital protuberance
777:External occipital protuberance
182:. It is perforated by numerous
70:pars mastoidea ossis temporalis
693:"Anatomy diagram: 34257.000-1"
661:"Anatomy diagram: 34257.000-1"
610:
568:
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1:
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238:, the posterior belly of the
165:Mastoid process shown in red
144:
7:
1396:Posterior clinoid processes
841:Groove for transverse sinus
454:of the 20th edition of
411:
278:, which lodges part of the
180:posterior auricular muscles
156:
10:
1828:
1792:Bones of the head and neck
699:. Elsevier. Archived from
667:. Elsevier. Archived from
415:
361:lateral semicircular canal
292:
226:). It is also filled with
194:and a small branch of the
186:(holes); for example, the
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1522:Anterior clinoid process
1517:Superior orbital fissure
1263:Internal auditory meatus
1109:Fossa for lacrimal gland
836:Internal occipital crest
787:External occipital crest
654:Anatomy photo:22:os-0403
89:Anatomical terms of bone
1499:Sulcus of auditory tube
1413:Middle clinoid process
589:10.1127/homo/2021/1243
418:anatomical terminology
359:, and medially by the
166:
141:with two other bones.
46:Occipitomastoid suture
1690:Superior nasal concha
1170:Petrotympanic fissure
544:Peripheral Neuropathy
399:postnatal development
388:Clinical significance
164:
1685:Supreme nasal concha
1317:Petrosquamous suture
1273:Stylomastoid foramen
1160:Suprameatal triangle
1052:Supraorbital foramen
397:Because of the late
1802:Human head and neck
1797:Otorhinolaryngology
1700:Middle nasal concha
1653:Perpendicular plate
1494:Infratemporal crest
1035:Superciliary arches
913:Pharyngeal tubercle
258:, which lodges the
248:longissimus capitis
236:sternocleidomastoid
1728:ethmoidal foramina
1646:Olfactory foramina
1607:Sphenoidal conchae
1444:Sphenoidal sinuses
1436:Sphenoidal lingula
1155:Articular tubercle
826:Cruciform eminence
416:This article uses
369:epitympanic recess
167:
1752:
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1441:Anterior surface:
1408:Chiasmatic groove
1391:Hypophysial fossa
1386:Tuberculum sellae
1373:Superior surface:
1352:
1351:
1344:Suprameatal spine
1300:Inferior tympanic
1268:Cochlear aqueduct
1175:Zygomatic process
1132:
1131:
1069:Zygomatic process
968:Parietal eminence
954:
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878:Hypoglossal canal
636:978-0-12-800945-1
561:978-0-7216-9491-7
525:978-0-7020-3100-7
492:978-0-12-374134-9
353:base of the skull
214:, lateral to the
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1677:Uncinate process
1636:Cribriform plate
1626:
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1564:pterygoid plates
1428:Lateral surface:
1418:Petrosal process
1363:
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1283:Subarcuate fossa
1213:Occipital groove
1165:Mandibular fossa
1143:
1142:
1124:Frontonasal duct
1025:Frontal eminence
1008:
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978:Parietal foramen
893:Jugular tubercle
797:Suprainiac fossa
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306:posterior border
280:transverse sinus
260:occipital artery
256:occipital groove
252:digastric muscle
244:splenius capitis
240:digastric muscle
196:occipital artery
192:transverse sinus
95:edit on Wikidata
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1403:Ethmoidal spine
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1198:Mastoid process
1193:Mastoid foramen
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1114:Trochlear fovea
1104:Ethmoidal notch
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1079:Sagittal sulcus
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866:Condyloid fossa
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475:Human Osteology
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344:tympanic antrum
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325:tympanic cavity
310:jugular process
299:superior border
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216:styloid process
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206:Mastoid process
188:mastoid foramen
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703:on 2012-07-22.
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671:on 2012-07-22.
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1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1012:Squamous part
1009:
1006:
1004:
1000:
994:
991:
989:
988:Sagittal keel
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
973:Temporal line
971:
969:
966:
965:
963:
961:
957:
945:
942:
940:
937:
936:
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869:
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864:
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854:
853:Lateral parts
850:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
823:
822:
819:
815:
812:
810:
807:
806:
805:
802:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
782:Occipital bun
780:
778:
774:
771:
770:
769:
766:
765:
763:
761:
760:Squamous part
757:
754:
752:
748:
744:
740:
733:
728:
726:
721:
719:
714:
713:
710:
702:
698:
694:
690:
687:
683:
680:
677:
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651:
638:
632:
628:
624:
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590:
586:
582:
578:
571:
563:
557:
553:
549:
545:
538:
536:
527:
521:
517:
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502:
494:
488:
484:
480:
476:
469:
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461:
458:
455:
453:
449:
448:public domain
431:
430:mastoidectomy
428:
426:
423:
422:
419:
409:
406:
404:
400:
385:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
357:temporal line
354:
350:
345:
340:
338:
337:mastoid cells
328:
326:
322:
318:
313:
311:
307:
302:
300:
290:
287:
285:
281:
277:
270:Inner surface
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:mastoid cells
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
170:Outer surface
163:
154:
152:
142:
140:
136:
135:blood vessels
132:
129:) and it has
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:, one of the
112:
111:temporal bone
108:
96:
90:
86:
83:
80:
78:
74:
71:
68:
66:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
1727:
1681:
1668:
1641:Crista galli
1563:
1546:
1461:
1440:
1427:
1372:
1321:
1294:
1277:
1251:Facial canal
1238:Petrous part
1185:Mastoid part
1184:
1096:Orbital part
1073:
1046:
1029:
905:Basilar part
882:
820:
803:
792:Nuchal lines
767:
739:Neurocranium
701:the original
696:
682:Diagram - #5
669:the original
664:
618:
612:
580:
576:
570:
543:
507:
501:
474:
468:
459:
445:
439:
407:
396:
382:
365:internal ear
341:
334:
314:
305:
303:
298:
296:
288:
273:
264:facial nerve
222:than in the
209:
173:
148:
106:
104:
69:
1527:Optic canal
1509:Small wings
1454:Great wings
425:mastoiditis
379:Development
176:occipitalis
139:articulates
59:Identifiers
1781:Categories
1295:canaliculi
1057:Brow ridge
436:References
200:dura mater
1733:Posterior
1715:Labyrinth
1552:Pterygoid
1539:processes
1537:Pterygoid
944:Opisthion
809:Occipital
751:Occipital
605:233222764
321:ear canal
212:ear canal
145:Etymology
1738:Anterior
1662:Surfaces
1557:Scaphoid
1482:Spinosum
1467:Rotundum
1462:foramina
1366:Surfaces
1358:Sphenoid
1324:ossicles
1138:Temporal
1074:internal
1047:foramina
1040:Glabella
1030:external
960:Parietal
821:internal
768:external
684:(source
597:33846705
452:page 141
412:See also
323:and the
184:foramina
157:Surfaces
131:openings
1812:Otology
1771:Anatomy
1621:Ethmoid
1586:Hamulus
1569:Lateral
1477:Vesalii
1322:(note:
1305:Mastoid
1003:Frontal
883:jugular
861:Condyle
741:of the
676:lesson5
373:puberty
363:of the
293:Borders
228:sinuses
198:to the
127:tendons
123:muscles
117:of the
54:Details
1757:Portal
1629:Plates
1574:Medial
1547:fossae
1423:Clivus
1278:fossae
1256:Hiatus
1227:Aditus
939:Basion
918:Clivus
814:Nuchal
804:planes
633:
603:
595:
558:
522:
489:
460:(1918)
331:Spaces
317:squama
262:. The
246:, and
224:female
151:breast
1807:Skull
1595:Other
1489:Spine
1472:Ovale
927:Other
773:Inion
743:skull
601:S2CID
450:from
230:, or
125:(via
119:skull
115:bones
93:[
82:56088
65:Latin
1602:Body
686:here
631:ISBN
593:PMID
577:Homo
556:ISBN
520:ISBN
487:ISBN
304:The
297:The
220:male
178:and
133:for
105:The
623:doi
585:doi
548:doi
512:doi
479:doi
77:FMA
1783::
695:.
663:.
629:.
599:,
591:,
581:72
579:,
554:.
534:^
518:.
485:.
375:.
327:.
312:.
286:.
242:,
1759::
1229:)
1225:(
1204:)
1200:(
775:/
731:e
724:t
717:v
688:)
639:.
625::
587::
564:.
550::
528:.
514::
495:.
481::
420:.
97:]
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