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137:. As the map of Europe was repeatedly changing, architecture was used to grant the aura of a glorious past to even the most recent of nations. In addition to the credo of universal Classicism, two new, and often contradictory, attitudes on historical styles existed in the early 19th century. Pluralism promoted the simultaneous use of the expanded range of style, while Revivalism held that a single historical model was appropriate for modern architecture. Associations between styles and building types appeared, for example:
312:
225:
997:
176:, all Revivalists shared the strategy of advocating a particular style based on national history, one of the great enterprises of historians in the Middle and late 18th century and early 19th century. Only one historic period was claimed to be the only one capable of providing models grounded in national traditions, institutions, or values. Issues of style became matters of state.
132:
The idea that architecture might represent the glory of kingdoms can be traced to the dawn of civilisation, but the notion that architecture can bear the stamp of national character is a modern idea, that appeared in the historical and philosophical writing of the 18th century and was given political
64:
that have or had fallen into disuse or abeyance between their heyday and period of revival. Revivalism, in a narrower sense, refers to the period of and movement within
Western architectural history during which a succession of antecedent and reminiscent styles were taken to by architects, roughly
191:
writers and architects were the first to promote Gothic as a powerful expression of national character, and in turn use it as a symbol of national identity in territories still divided.
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one, that appeared in the mid-18th century in the houses of a number of wealthy antiquarians in
England, a notable example being the
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290:– generic term for a number of different movements within Russian architecture that arose in second quarter of the 19th century.
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302:– umbrella term for regional architecture traditions continuing through the eras, also used and cited in revival architecture
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or
Historism – mixed revivals that can include several older styles, combined with new elements
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posed the question 'Why should we always imitate foreigners, as if we were Greeks or Romans?'.
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899:"European and American Architecture (1750–1900) | Art History Teaching Resources"
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for banks and exchanges. These choices were the result of other associations: the
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around Late 19th
Century and Early 20th Century, . Notable revival styles include
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1862 lithograph of the
Aegyptischer Hof (English: Egyptian court), from the
203:
Late 20th
Century revival styles are frequently placed under the heading of
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2011:
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Architectural styles that echo the style of a previous architectural era
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from the Middle of the 18th century, and which was itself succeeded by
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Middle and Late 18th
Century, 19th Century and Early 20th Centuries
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150:
996:
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Egypt Land: Race and
Nineteenth-Century American Egyptomania
586:
1749:
490:
Romanesque
Revival Architecture in the United Kingdom
92:
Western architecture of the 19th century, including
296:– revival of different regional traditional styles
244:– Conscious mixing of disparate historical styles
2652:
60:is the use of elements that echo the style of a
165:with the rise of banking and modern commerce.
1708:
1023:
179:The most well-known Revivalist style is the
1722:
597:for representation purposes (built in 1857)
1715:
1701:
1030:
1016:
356:(later revival of Classical architecture)
340:(revival of Mycenaean Greek architecture)
940:
911:
691:
577:
431:
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223:
207:. Revivalism is not to be confused with
108:
35:
866:architecture of the California missions
724:Dutch Revival architecture (revival of
14:
2653:
601:
1696:
1011:
852:Spanish Colonial Revival architecture
571:Black-and-white Revival architecture
198:
1045:in architecture and decorative arts
949:. p. 139, 140, 141, 142, 145.
800:Dutch Colonial Revival architecture
427:
236:in Leipzig, Germany (built in 1892)
24:
967:
862:Mission Revival Style architecture
708:
632:Mediterranean Revival architecture
593:, Germany – an example of pompous
306:
268:Mediterranean Revival architecture
25:
2692:
989:
842:Pueblo Revival Style architecture
527:Scots Baronial Style architecture
995:
874:Territorial Revival architecture
773:
684:Italian Renaissance architecture
640:Spanish Renaissance architecture
636:Italian Renaissance architecture
608:Renaissance Revival architecture
437:St. Michael the Archangel Church
272:Italian Renaissance architecture
943:European Architecture 1750–1890
914:European Architecture 1750–1890
660:French Renaissance architecture
480:Romanesque Revival architecture
96:, is an example of Revivalism.
934:
905:
891:
824:American Colonial architecture
742:Edwardian Baroque architecture
646:Palladian Revival architecture
448:Byzantine Revival architecture
338:Mycenaean Revival architecture
13:
1:
1975:Anatolian Seljuk architecture
884:
856:Spanish Colonial architecture
820:Colonial Revival architecture
810:Georgian Revival architecture
332:Ancient Egyptian architecture
328:Egyptian Revival architecture
2666:Revival architectural styles
736:Spanish Baroque architecture
732:Spanish Revival architecture
715:Baroque Revival architecture
544:Moorish Revival architecture
463:Russo-Byzantine architecture
406:Russian neoclassical revival
288:Russian Revival architecture
276:Spanish Baroque architecture
133:currency in the wake of the
85:). Revivalism is related to
32:Revival architectural styles
7:
804:Dutch Colonial architecture
625:– revival based on Italian
502:Gothic Revival architecture
254:Indo-Saracenic architecture
228:Typical historicist house:
10:
2697:
832:Mayan Revival architecture
757:California Churrigueresque
726:Dutch Baroque architecture
623:Palazzo style architecture
561:Tudor Revival architecture
421:Ancient Greek architecture
413:Greek Revival architecture
282:New Classical Architecture
209:complementary architecture
205:New Classical architecture
161:with Christianity, or the
99:
62:previous architectural era
29:
2661:Revivalism (architecture)
2563:
2532:
2481:
2346:
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2042:
1917:
1830:
1748:
1730:
1609:
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1546:
1530:
1514:
1488:
1457:
1441:
1420:
1404:
1319:
1278:
1207:
1050:
977:, Duke University Press,
920:. p. 139, 140, 141.
848:traditional architecture)
375:Jeffersonian architecture
354:Neoclassical architecture
214:
168:Whether their choice was
71:Neoclassical architecture
2671:Historicist architecture
1677:Richardsonian Romanesque
1279:Germany, Austria-Hungary
1189:Spanish Colonial Revival
1002:Historicist architecture
941:Bergdoll, Barry (2000).
912:Bergdoll, Barry (2000).
878:Territorial architecture
674:Elizabethan architecture
612:Renaissance architecture
565:Tudor Style architecture
495:Richardsonian Romanesque
344:Renaissance architecture
219:
1740:History of construction
1724:History of architecture
1585:Serbo-Byzantine Revival
1547:Russian Empire and USSR
1470:National Romantic style
1396:Black-and-white Revival
947:Oxford University Press
918:Oxford University Press
618:Italianate architecture
484:Romanesque architecture
473:Serbo-Byzantine revival
439:in Kaunas was built in
394:City Beautiful movement
390:Beaux-Arts architecture
319:(Berlin), built in the
300:Vernacular architecture
193:Johann Gottfried Herder
40:One of the most famous
1735:Architectural timeline
1667:Polish cathedral style
1632:Dutch Colonial Revival
1352:Indo-Saracenic Revival
973:Scott Trafton (2004),
705:
650:Palladian architecture
598:
452:Byzantine architecture
443:
360:Palladian architecture
348:Classical architecture
323:
237:
129:
94:Victorian architecture
75:Classical architecture
53:
2676:Architectural history
2277:America and Australia
1897:Medieval Scandinavian
1652:Mediterranean Revival
1506:Soft Portuguese style
1449:Traditionalist School
814:Georgian architecture
695:
670:Jacobean architecture
581:
522:High Victorian Gothic
435:
314:
294:Traditionalist School
227:
185:Strawberry Hill House
112:
50:Palace of Westminster
39:
2681:Architectural styles
2519:Critical regionalism
1617:American Renaissance
1559:Neoclassical Revival
1260:Louis Philippe style
1004:at Wikimedia Commons
719:Baroque architecture
548:Moorish architecture
385:Regency architecture
370:Federal architecture
346:(earlier revival of
262:Islamic architecture
18:Revival architecture
2458:Stripped Classicism
2433:International style
2416:Rationalist-Fascist
2065:Portuguese Colonial
1815:Pre-Islamic Persian
1682:Territorial Revival
1265:Second Empire style
1137:Renaissance Revival
602:Renaissance Revival
595:renaissance revival
506:Gothic architecture
441:Neo-Byzantine style
258:Indian architecture
147:Renaissance Revival
83:Gothic architecture
2463:Postconstructivism
2406:Streamline Moderne
1382:Romanesque Revival
1372:Queen Anne Revival
1194:Swiss chalet style
1164:Romanesque Revival
706:
599:
444:
324:
321:Neo-Egyptian style
238:
130:
119:Uspenski Cathedral
54:
2648:
2647:
1690:
1689:
1622:Collegiate Gothic
1480:Nordic Classicism
1412:Mycenaean Revival
1387:Scottish Baronial
1337:Edwardian Baroque
1332:Bristol Byzantine
1301:Nazi architecture
1098:French Provincial
1000:Media related to
956:978-0-19-284222-0
927:978-0-19-284222-0
836:Maya architecture
747:Stalinist baroque
517:Collegiate Gothic
458:Bristol Byzantine
199:Late 20th Century
145:for churches, or
135:French Revolution
127:Helsinki, Finland
16:(Redirected from
2688:
2540:Deconstructivism
2299:Spanish Colonial
2060:Spanish Colonial
1960:Western Chalukya
1768:Ancient Egyptian
1717:
1710:
1703:
1694:
1693:
1672:Queen Anne style
1627:Colonial Revival
1538:Romanian Revival
1458:Nordic countries
1347:Georgian Revival
1342:Egyptian Revival
1250:Directoire style
1225:Louis XIII style
1093:Egyptian Revival
1088:Carpenter Gothic
1032:
1025:
1018:
1009:
1008:
999:
961:
960:
938:
932:
931:
909:
903:
902:
895:
864:(revival of the
790:Cape Cod Revival
512:Carpenter Gothic
468:Romanian Revival
428:Medieval Revival
21:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2559:
2528:
2477:
2411:Totalitarianism
2401:New Objectivity
2342:
2195:Serbo-Byzantine
2190:Russo-Byzantine
2079:
2038:
1913:
1890:Islamic Persian
1826:
1744:
1726:
1721:
1691:
1686:
1657:Mission Revival
1605:
1589:
1573:
1564:Russian Revival
1542:
1526:
1510:
1484:
1475:Gustavian style
1453:
1437:
1428:Stile Umbertino
1416:
1400:
1315:
1274:
1240:Louis XVI style
1230:Louis XIV style
1203:
1122:Moorish Revival
1073:Baroque Revival
1068:Arts and Crafts
1046:
1036:
992:
970:
968:Further reading
965:
964:
957:
939:
935:
928:
910:
906:
897:
896:
892:
887:
776:
765:Mexican Baroque
761:Churrigueresque
752:English Baroque
711:
709:Baroque Revival
702:Charles Garnier
680:Stile Umbertino
604:
583:Schwerin Palace
430:
365:Louis XVI style
309:
307:Ancient Revival
222:
217:
201:
172:, medieval, or
153:with death and
115:Russian Revival
107:
102:
46:Elizabeth Tower
34:
30:Main category:
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2369:Prairie School
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2016:
2015:
2014:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1902:Pre-Romanesque
1899:
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1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1847:
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1836:
1834:
1832:1st millennium
1828:
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1823:
1822:
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1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1662:Pueblo Revival
1659:
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1525:
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1522:Zakopane Style
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1401:
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1308:
1303:
1298:
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1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1235:Louis XV style
1232:
1227:
1222:
1220:Henry IV style
1217:
1215:Henry II style
1211:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1182:North American
1179:
1174:
1168:Second Empire
1166:
1161:
1159:Rococo Revival
1156:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1105:
1103:Gothic Revival
1100:
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1080:
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1060:
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1006:
1005:
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990:External links
988:
987:
986:
985:. p. 142.
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754:
749:
744:
739:
729:
710:
707:
698:Palais Garnier
696:Opera, Paris (
690:
689:
688:
687:
677:
663:
653:
643:
629:
620:
603:
600:
576:
575:
574:
573:
558:
557:
556:
541:
540:
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477:
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377:
372:
367:
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351:
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308:
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297:
291:
285:
279:
265:
251:
245:
221:
218:
216:
213:
200:
197:
181:Gothic Revival
117:-representing
106:
103:
101:
98:
81:(a revival of
79:Gothic Revival
73:(a revival of
56:Architectural
42:Gothic Revival
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2693:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
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2641:
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2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2550:New Classical
2548:
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2538:
2537:
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2531:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
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2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Structuralism
2492:
2490:
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2484:
2480:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
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2441:
2439:
2438:Functionalism
2436:
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2427:
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2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
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2409:
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2399:
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2377:
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2374:Expressionism
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2360:
2357:
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2337:
2334:
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2329:
2327:
2326:Liberty style
2324:
2322:
2319:
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2314:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
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2287:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2259:Neo-Manueline
2257:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2232:Monumentalism
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2222:Mediterranean
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2193:
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2178:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2159:
2157:
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2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
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2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
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2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
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2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2002:Romano-Gothic
2000:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1956:
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1951:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1938:
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1933:
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1916:
1908:
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1900:
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1829:
1821:
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1816:
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1809:
1806:
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1803:Ancient Roman
1801:
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1798:Ancient Greek
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1795:
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1637:Federal style
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:United States
1608:
1602:
1599:
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1596:
1592:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1554:Neo-Byzantine
1552:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1496:Neo-Manueline
1494:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
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1429:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1393:
1392:Tudor Revival
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1367:Neo-Palladian
1365:
1363:
1360:
1356:British India
1355:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1320:Great Britain
1318:
1312:
1311:Rundbogenstil
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
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1292:
1289:
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1281:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
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1245:Neoclassicism
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
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1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
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1197:
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1190:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
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1162:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1152:Palazzo style
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1132:New Classical
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1117:Mayan Revival
1115:
1113:
1109:
1108:Greek Revival
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1083:Neo-Byzantine
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:International
1049:
1044:
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1033:
1028:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1003:
998:
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993:
984:
983:0-8223-3362-7
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840:
837:
833:
830:
825:
821:
818:
817:
815:
811:
808:
805:
801:
798:
795:
791:
788:
786:architecture)
785:
781:
778:
777:
774:Other revival
766:
762:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
737:
733:
730:
727:
723:
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703:
699:
694:
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644:
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621:
619:
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615:
613:
609:
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605:
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588:
585:, historical
584:
580:
572:
569:
568:
566:
562:
559:
555:
552:
551:
549:
545:
542:
537:
533:
532:Neo-Manueline
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
509:
507:
503:
500:
496:
493:
491:
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487:
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478:
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471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
455:
453:
449:
446:
445:
442:
438:
434:
422:
419:(revivals of
418:
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403:
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401:
395:
392:(also in the
391:
388:
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277:
273:
269:
266:
263:
259:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
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235:
234:Arwed RoĂźbach
231:
226:
212:
210:
206:
196:
194:
190:
186:
182:
177:
175:
171:
166:
164:
163:Medici family
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
141:for prisons,
140:
136:
128:
124:
121:from 1868 in
120:
116:
111:
97:
95:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
63:
59:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
19:
2608:Mesoamerican
2555:Contemporary
2533:2000–present
2524:Neo-futurism
2504:Blobitecture
2331:Modern Style
2247:Neoclassical
2179:
1995:Indo-Islamic
1970:Great Seljuk
1955:Vijayanagara
1849:East Slavic
1763:Mesopotamian
1647:Jeffersonian
1465:Dragon style
1306:Resort style
1270:Belle Époque
1255:Empire style
1142:Châteauesque
1127:Neoclassical
1042:
974:
942:
936:
913:
907:
893:
876:(revival of
854:(revival of
844:(revival of
834:(revival of
822:(revival of
812:(revival of
802:(revival of
792:(revival of
782:(revival of
780:Neo Art Deco
759:(revival of
734:(revival of
717:(revival of
682:(revival of
668:(revival of
658:(revival of
656:Châteauesque
648:(revival of
634:(revival of
610:(revival of
563:(revival of
546:(revival of
534:(revival of
504:(revival of
482:(revival of
450:(revival of
380:Empire style
330:(revival of
317:Neues Museum
270:(revival of
256:(revival of
232:building by
202:
178:
167:
131:
91:
57:
55:
48:sits at the
44:structures,
2468:PWA Moderne
2354:Rationalism
2316:Art Nouveau
2304:Territorial
2284:Renaissance
2268:Queen Anne
2141:Elizabethan
2034:Plateresque
2029:Renaissance
2012:Sondergotik
1907:Carolingian
1853:Kievan Rus'
1601:Neo-Mudéjar
1501:Neo-Mudéjar
1442:Netherlands
1291:GrĂĽnderzeit
1286:Biedermeier
1063:Art Nouveau
1039:Historicism
704:, 1861–1875
591:Mecklenburg
554:Neo-Mudéjar
248:Historicism
242:Eclecticism
230:GrĂĽnderzeit
174:Renaissance
159:Middle Ages
123:Katajanokka
87:historicism
2655:Categories
2625:Portuguese
2499:Postmodern
2448:Organicism
2336:Modernisme
2321:Jugendstil
2180:Revivalism
2168:Industrial
2151:Portuguese
1925:Romanesque
1820:Achaemenid
1642:Greco Deco
1362:Jacobethan
1296:Jugendstil
1199:Vernacular
1147:Italianate
1078:Beaux-Arts
1043:Revivalism
885:References
666:Jacobethan
58:revivalism
52:in London.
2586:Dravidian
2545:Neomodern
2509:High-tech
2489:Brutalism
2482:1950–2000
2426:Stalinist
2359:Mycenaean
2347:1900–1950
2185:Byzantine
2161:Ukrainian
2146:Naryshkin
2111:Edwardian
2084:1750–1900
2055:Palladian
2050:Manueline
2043:1500–1750
1918:1000–1500
1858:Muscovite
1845:Byzantine
1793:Classical
1781:Mycenaean
1758:Neolithic
1569:Stalinist
1327:Adamesque
536:Manueline
187:. German
170:Classical
67:Modernism
2598:Japanese
2576:Colonial
2564:Regional
2514:Arcology
2453:Art Deco
2443:Futurism
2386:De Stijl
2289:Romanian
2207:Egyptian
2202:Colonial
2156:Siberian
1966:Islamic
1935:Ottonian
1930:Galician
1840:Sasanian
1808:Herodian
1788:Etruscan
1489:Portugal
1177:European
1112:Neo-Grec
1058:Art Deco
846:Puebloan
794:Cape Cod
784:Art Deco
589:seat of
417:Neo-Grec
189:Romantic
155:eternity
151:pharaohs
139:Egyptian
2635:Spanish
2630:Russian
2571:Chinese
2391:Bauhaus
2294:Russian
2272:Britain
2254:Moorish
2237:Baroque
2227:Mission
2173:British
2136:Petrine
2131:Maltese
2126:Italian
2116:English
2091:Baroque
1990:Ottoman
1985:Timurid
1950:Hoysala
1946:Indian
1885:Fatimid
1880:Abbasid
1875:Moorish
1870:Umayyad
1865:Islamic
1772:Aegean
1531:Romania
1377:Regency
627:Palazzo
100:History
77:), and
2640:Somali
2620:Newari
2603:Korean
2581:Indian
2473:Googie
2379:Cubism
2364:Modern
2264:Pueblo
2242:Rococo
2212:Gothic
2121:French
2096:Andean
2070:Mughal
2007:Gothic
1980:Mamluk
1940:Norman
1776:Minoan
1578:Serbia
1515:Poland
1405:Greece
1208:France
1172:French
981:
953:
924:
638:&
215:Styles
157:, the
143:Gothic
2591:Hindu
2309:Tudor
2217:Mayan
2106:Dutch
2101:Czech
2024:Aztec
2019:Incan
1594:Spain
1433:Milan
1421:Italy
700:) by
587:ducal
220:Mixed
2613:Maya
2421:Nazi
2075:Sikh
1041:and
979:ISBN
951:ISBN
922:ISBN
763:and
672:and
415:and
274:and
260:and
113:The
1750:BCE
2657::
1394:/
1110:/
945:.
916:.
858:)
816:)
721:)
614:)
567:)
550:)
508:)
486:)
454:)
125:,
89:.
1716:e
1709:t
1702:v
1031:e
1024:t
1017:v
959:.
930:.
901:.
880:)
868:)
838:)
826:)
806:)
796:)
767:)
738:)
728:)
686:)
676:)
662:)
652:)
642:)
538:)
423:)
396:)
350:)
334:)
278:)
264:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
