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by the ICSC (International
Council of Shopping Centers), who state that they typically have a "wider range of apparel and other soft goods offerings than neighborhood centers. The center is usually configured in a straight line as a strip, or may be laid out in an L or U shape, depending on the site
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Retail parks generally are located in highly accessible locations and are aimed at households owning a car, though there are often also bus services. They are an alternative to city centre shopping districts. Such developments have been encouraged by cheaper, more affordable land on the outskirts of
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Town planning policies which favour retail park development pose a threat to high streets as customers are deterred from high street stores. However, most retail parks are the result of lack of planning rather than pro-car policies; car-centric urban planning such as retail parks are 'the unwitting
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Retail parks have been growing in
Continental Europe: according to Cushman & Wakefield, who defines a retail park as an open-air centre with more than 5,000 sq. m. of retail space, total retail space in retail parks in Europe was predicted to be around 40 million sq. m. at the end of 2017. The
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Retail parks normally have large car parks (parking lots) and are not designed for people to browse, but instead for more direct shopping trips. This has meant retail parks have faced economic competition from
Internet retail, since they have not historically offered the same experience factor as
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amount of floor space in retail parks increased by 836,000 square meters in 2015, and 1.3 million square metres in 2016. France accounted for 54% of the new retail space in
Western Europe, followed by Britain at 17% and Italy at 10%. At 70,000 sq. m., the "Steel" retail park in
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is usually a supermarket. Owing to their out-of-town sites, abundance of free parking and proximity to major roads, retail parks are often easier to reach than central shopping areas, and as a result, town centres are less attractive to retailers.
244:). According to a 2003 book on retail property locations, the American power center technically does not exist anywhere in the United Kingdom, but "the nearest British equivalent to the power centre is the large retail park."
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found that, due to anthropogenic climate change, catastrophic rain and floods will happen more frequently and with greater severity. During periods of heavy rain, retail parks in the UK see an increase in customer footfall.
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In the U.S., "retail park" is neither the common nor industry term. A shopping centre that in Europe is considered a retail park might fall into one of several categories in North
American industry terms:
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is a type of shopping centre found on the fringes of most large towns and cities in the United
Kingdom and other European countries. They form a key aspect of European retail geographies, alongside indoor
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250:: Slightly larger centers 125,000 to 400,000 square feet (11,600 to 37,200 m) with general merchandise or convenience- oriented offerings are termed as community centers or
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towns and cities, and with loose planning controls in a number of
Enterprise Zones, making planning and development very easy. There are over 1,500 retail parks across the UK.
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More recently, many high street retailers have moved to retail parks, since retail parks offer cheaper rents and cheaper parking for customers. For example, in the UK,
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Retail parks have a number of retailers in a single location, but as opposed to an indoor centre, there is no roof, and they are therefore not weatherproof.
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Bromley, Rosemary D. F.; Thomas, Colin J. (24 May 1988). "Retail Parks: Spatial and
Functional Integration of Retail Units in the Swansea Enterprise Zone".
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This article is about open-air shopping centers in Europe with mostly retail warehouse (big box) tenants. For the equivalent in North
America, see
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Retail parks originate from out of town retail location containing big box retailers which are not suited to pedestrianised
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The
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town centre retail. Vacancy rates in shopping centres in the UK are almost twice those of retail parks.
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530:"Changing geographies of retail: does the high street have a future? â Oxford Brookes University"
228:: Even larger centers of 250,000 to 600,000 square feet (23,000 to 56,000 m) are considered
261:: Open-air centers under 30,000 square feet (2,800 m) are generally considered strip malls.
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have closed or downsized many high streets stores and moved them to retail parks.
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641:"Blow to UK high street as more retailers move out of town"
616:"Retailers to face more disruptions due to climate change"
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define a retail park as any shopping centre with mostly
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was cited as the largest planned project at that time.
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Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers
401:: the European Placemaking Magazine, August 23, 2016
93:, such as garden centres, home stores supermarkets.
133:. However, retail parks are likely to benefit from
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160:, electrical stores, carpet and others â and the
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504:Eley, Jonathan; Hammond, George (2020-12-04).
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360:"European Retail Parks: What's Next"
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169:Prevalence outside the UK
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16:Unenclosed shopping area
975:Multifamily residential
445:"Retail Park Evolution"
421:"Retail Park Evolution"
338:Types of retail outlets
72:Cushman & Wakefield
1329:Shopping malls by type
1324:Power centers (retail)
925:Conservation community
595:Cite journal requires
449:Foundation Recruitment
425:Foundation Recruitment
375:Cite journal requires
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76:retail warehouse units
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1020:Single-room occupancy
965:Mixed-use development
950:Intentional community
935:Golf course community
797:Mixed-use development
311:Power center (retail)
208:power center (retail)
196:Saint-Ãtienne, France
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64:and more traditional
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1089:Garden city movement
1005:Retirement community
328:Festival marketplace
39:, a retail park and
1252:Planning permission
995:Residential airpark
980:Penthouse apartment
867:Industrial district
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877:Technology centers
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534:www.brookes.ac.uk
291:Tesco hypermarket
248:Community centers
98:Marks and Spencer
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706:. Retrieved
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1232:Nonbuilding
1161:Tower block
1025:Subdivision
887:Residential
824:Retail park
708:14 November
477:(1): 4â18.
259:Strip malls
158:superstores
125:Environment
53:retail park
37:Manufaktura
1318:Categories
1257:Playground
1156:Skyscraper
910:City block
854:Industrial
829:Riverfront
774:Commercial
675:2020-05-16
625:2022-02-27
564:2022-02-27
539:2022-02-27
515:2022-02-27
455:2022-02-27
430:2022-02-27
344:References
333:Strip mall
216:strip mall
206:See also:
1139:Apartment
1126:Buildings
1071:Municipal
960:McMansion
108:Geography
1187:Cemetery
1079:Arcology
895:Agrihood
299:See also
287:Scotland
234:Best Buy
47:, Poland
1247:Parking
782:Airport
188:Finland
85:History
1287:Zoning
1046:Campus
812:inland
699:
491:622771
489:
399:Across
283:Dundee
242:Costco
238:Target
214:, and
184:Raisio
140:Nature
1282:YIMBY
1237:NIMBY
1166:Villa
1149:types
1144:House
1130:types
1114:parks
669:(PDF)
487:JSTOR
1242:Park
807:Port
710:2022
697:ISBN
601:help
381:help
102:Next
100:and
45:Åódź
23:and
479:doi
43:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
