76:
1928:
161:
1938:
1917:
1948:
346:
Low-cost production and requirement for user friendliness make gateways vulnerable to network attacks, which resulted in large clusters of such devices being taken over and used to launch DDoS attacks. A majority of the vulnerabilities were present in the web administration frontends of the routers,
192:
traffic to be transmitted across telephone lines, cable wires, optical fibers, wireless radio frequencies, or other physical layers. On the receiving end is another modem that re-converts the transmission format back into digital data packets. This allows network bridging using telephone, cable,
235:
Many modems now incorporate the features mentioned below and thus are appropriately described as residential gateways, such as some
Internet providers which offer a cable modem router combo.
205:
modem plugs into a single PC and allows a connection of that single PC to a WAN. If properly configured, the PC can also function as the router for a home LAN.
1192:
197:, so that the devices on each end of the connection are able to recognize each other. However, a modem generally provides few other network functions.
320:
Most gateways are self-contained components, using internally stored firmware. They are generally platform-independent, i.e., they can serve any
474:"Next-generation access network architectures for video, voice, interactive gaming, and other emerging applications: Challenges and directions"
771:
1900:
1872:
1867:
892:
857:
743:
194:
845:
The
Residential Gateway (a vision paper published in International Engineering Consortium’s 1996 Annual Review of Communications, p.457)
399:
620:
330:
perform the same functions as a wired router and base station, but allow connectivity for wireless devices with the LAN, or as a
67:
The term residential gateway was popularized by
Clifford Holliday in 1997 through his paper entitled "The residential gateway"..
1894:
1977:
1889:
1879:
1859:
1661:
216:), also allowing that single PC to connect to a WAN. Again, the PC can be configured to function as a router for a home LAN.
1026:
1951:
1884:
1730:
1656:
1750:
577:
522:
456:
213:
1535:
1083:
885:
306:
79:
A typical residential gateway. A single internet connection is shared by multiple devices connected through a LAN.
1646:
1641:
1666:
384:
1972:
1941:
1702:
1599:
1142:
937:
909:
717:
338:(the wireless router-wireless router connection can be within the LAN or can be between the LAN and WWAN).
135:
24:
1931:
1438:
878:
850:
Home
Gateway Initiative, a group of broadband providers proposing specifications for residential gateways
478:
369:
271:
539:
1790:
1712:
1651:
1358:
448:
The
Internet of Things: How Smart TVs, Smart Cars, Smart Homes, and Smart Cities Are Changing the World
181:
48:
1987:
1562:
1523:
1368:
1268:
1197:
1130:
957:
394:
303:
56:
224:
can function in a similar fashion to a modem. It can allow a direct connection from a home LAN to a
1921:
1163:
1098:
1051:
1011:
356:
139:
1760:
1745:
1589:
1540:
1463:
1363:
1041:
927:
922:
185:
821:
Niemietz, Marcus; Schwenk, Joerg (2015). "Owning Your Home
Network: Router Security Revisited".
594:
1682:
1468:
1283:
1228:
1223:
1036:
1001:
854:
515:
The
Telecommunications Handbook: Engineering Guidelines for Fixed, Mobile and Satellite Systems
420:
797:
1992:
1584:
1388:
1353:
1273:
1253:
1175:
1063:
984:
567:
446:
221:
149:
28:
917:
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1428:
1185:
1120:
942:
352:
291:
8:
1508:
1448:
1207:
1169:
967:
952:
1982:
1735:
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1623:
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1423:
1398:
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901:
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698:
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250:
144:
32:
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1611:
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1557:
1403:
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690:
573:
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518:
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36:
1443:
702:
499:
1780:
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1687:
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1488:
1343:
1328:
1303:
1278:
1238:
1088:
947:
932:
682:
487:
348:
321:
52:
621:"Can't access 192.168.1.1: how to change router settings including Wi-Fi password"
1408:
1263:
1031:
1006:
994:
861:
335:
327:
154:
127:
772:"How to Set Up and Optimize Your Wireless Router for the Best Wi-Fi Performance"
1606:
1478:
1453:
1413:
1383:
1258:
1093:
1046:
1021:
979:
686:
670:
473:
331:
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118:
113:
1966:
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1308:
1293:
1115:
974:
694:
389:
669:
Proenca, Jorge; Cruz, Tiago; Simoes, Paulo; Monteiro, Edmundo (2018-10-09).
75:
1633:
1473:
1418:
1348:
1313:
1248:
1147:
1137:
989:
748:
435:
Wireless router is a combination of wired router and wireless access point.
374:
261:
1833:
1483:
1393:
1378:
1338:
1298:
1157:
379:
299:
228:, if a wireless router or access point is present on the WAN as well and
180:) by itself provides none of the functions of a router. It merely allows
177:
130:
91:
849:
844:
1838:
1545:
1243:
1152:
1108:
1078:
1056:
491:
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1103:
870:
865:
314:
229:
173:
96:
1818:
1808:
1725:
1550:
1373:
827:
40:
798:"Lax Security Opens the Door for Mass Scale Abuse of SOHO Routers"
744:"Make your home PCs accessible anywhere with Dynamic DNS for free"
642:
1813:
1798:
1016:
595:"Modem Router Combo vs Separate, is the combination unit better?"
107:
718:"Beginner's guide to DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol"
671:"Virtualization of Residential Gateways: A Comprehensive Survey"
1843:
1803:
1125:
193:
optical, and radio connection methods. The modem also provides
334:
between the wireless router and another wireless router for a
1828:
1765:
1073:
775:
209:
189:
169:
44:
1770:
770:
Pacchiano, Ronald; Van Winkle, William (October 12, 2020).
285:
281:
277:
265:
247:
configuration via a web interface, or app on mobile device.
225:
101:
668:
202:
310:
123:
769:
1964:
820:
471:
886:
298:It may also provide other functions such as
256:connectivity within the home network like a
1901:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
675:IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
212:can be installed on a single PC (e.g. on a
1937:
893:
879:
540:"What Is Meant by a Handshaking Protocol?"
253:between the home network and the Internet.
826:
512:
400:List of wireless router firmware projects
347:allowing unauthorized control either via
418:
159:
83:Multiple devices have been described as
74:
715:
537:
472:Nagarajan, Ramesh; Ooghe, Sven (2008).
243:A residential gateway usually provides
47:, or directly connects to a WAN (as in
16:Device connecting users to the Internet
1965:
900:
444:
164:An internet box integrating a SIM Card
51:), while routing. The WAN is a larger
874:
795:
664:
662:
660:
572:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 97.
517:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 91.
1947:
716:Madegwa, Clinton (August 14, 2019).
592:
565:
13:
657:
618:
14:
2004:
838:
538:Warycka, Andy (August 29, 2013).
31:network access between connected
1946:
1936:
1927:
1926:
1915:
1536:Free-space optical communication
814:
789:
763:
735:
709:
643:"NAT Router Security Solutions"
635:
513:Penttinen, Jyrki T. J. (2015).
419:Holliday, Clifford (May 1997),
741:
612:
586:
559:
531:
506:
465:
451:. Que Publishing. p. 23.
438:
429:
412:
1:
406:
385:Multimedia over Coax Alliance
1978:Telecommunications equipment
1922:Telecommunication portal
1703:Telecommunications equipment
855:The Residential Home Gateway
593:John, Neil (March 5, 2020).
136:Voice over Internet protocol
7:
1439:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
796:Gayer, Ofer (12 May 2015).
479:Bell Labs Technical Journal
370:Customer-premises equipment
362:
341:
272:network address translation
238:
55:, generally operated by an
10:
2009:
1143:Telecommunications history
687:10.1109/COMST.2018.2874827
70:
62:
23:is a small consumer-grade
1910:
1852:
1789:
1751:Public Switched Telephone
1711:
1675:
1632:
1573:
1563:telecommunication circuit
1524:Fiber-optic communication
1507:
1269:Francis Blake (telephone)
1216:
1064:Optical telecommunication
908:
395:Technological convergence
57:Internet service provider
1662:Orbital angular-momentum
1099:Satellite communications
938:Communications satellite
645:. Gibson Research Center
445:Miller, Michael (2015).
140:analog telephone adapter
110:telephone (base station)
1541:Molecular communication
1364:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
1193:Undersea telegraph line
928:Cable protection system
422:The residential gateway
1683:Communication protocol
1469:Charles Sumner Tainter
1284:Walter Houser Brattain
1229:Edwin Howard Armstrong
1037:Information revolution
569:Networking For Dummies
165:
80:
1657:Polarization-division
1389:Narinder Singh Kapany
1354:Erna Schneider Hoover
1274:Jagadish Chandra Bose
1254:Alexander Graham Bell
985:online video platform
222:wireless access point
163:
150:Wireless access point
78:
1499:Vladimir K. Zworykin
1459:Almon Brown Strowger
1429:Charles Grafton Page
1084:Prepaid mobile phone
1012:Electrical telegraph
85:residential gateways
1973:Networking hardware
1449:Johann Philipp Reis
1208:Wireless revolution
1170:The Telephone Cases
1027:Hydraulic telegraph
566:Lowe, Doug (2009).
357:web vulnerabilities
195:handshake protocols
39:(WAN) (such as the
21:residential gateway
1647:Frequency-division
1624:Telephone exchange
1494:Charles Wheatstone
1424:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
1399:Innocenzo Manzetti
1334:Reginald Fessenden
1069:Optical telegraphy
902:Telecommunications
860:2011-09-28 at the
599:onecomputerguy.com
492:10.1002/bltj.20283
166:
81:
33:local area network
1960:
1959:
1698:Store and forward
1693:Data transmission
1607:Network switching
1558:Transmission line
1404:Guglielmo Marconi
1369:Internet pioneers
1234:Mohamed M. Atalla
1203:Whistled language
802:www.incapsula.com
545:Houston Chronicle
349:default passwords
309:services such as
37:wide area network
35:(LAN) hosts to a
2000:
1988:Server appliance
1950:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1930:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1791:Notable networks
1781:Wireless network
1721:Cellular network
1713:Types of network
1688:Computer network
1575:Network topology
1489:Thomas A. Watson
1344:Oliver Heaviside
1329:Philo Farnsworth
1304:Daniel Davis Jr.
1279:Charles Bourseul
1239:John Logie Baird
948:Data compression
943:Computer network
895:
888:
881:
872:
871:
833:
832:
830:
818:
812:
811:
809:
808:
793:
787:
786:
784:
782:
767:
761:
760:
758:
756:
739:
733:
732:
730:
728:
713:
707:
706:
681:(2): 1462–1482.
666:
655:
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529:
528:
510:
504:
503:
469:
463:
462:
442:
436:
433:
427:
426:
416:
328:Wireless routers
322:operating system
53:computer network
2008:
2007:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1916:
1914:
1906:
1848:
1785:
1707:
1671:
1628:
1577:
1569:
1510:
1503:
1409:Robert Metcalfe
1264:Tim Berners-Lee
1212:
1032:Information Age
904:
899:
862:Wayback Machine
841:
836:
819:
815:
806:
804:
794:
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778:
768:
764:
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470:
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459:
443:
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430:
417:
413:
409:
404:
365:
344:
241:
155:Wireless router
73:
65:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2006:
1996:
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1911:
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1679:
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1654:
1649:
1644:
1642:Space-division
1638:
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1630:
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1627:
1626:
1621:
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1614:
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1531:
1521:
1515:
1513:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1479:Camille Tissot
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1454:Claude Shannon
1451:
1446:
1444:Tivadar Puskás
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1414:Antonio Meucci
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1384:Charles K. Kao
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1359:Harold Hopkins
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
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1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1259:Emile Berliner
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1198:Videotelephony
1195:
1190:
1189:
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1183:
1173:
1166:
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1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1101:
1096:
1094:Radiotelephone
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
998:
997:
992:
987:
982:
980:Internet video
972:
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906:
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883:
875:
869:
868:
852:
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840:
839:External links
837:
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813:
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762:
734:
708:
656:
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611:
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558:
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457:
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397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
366:
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343:
340:
296:
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289:
275:
269:
258:network switch
254:
248:
240:
237:
218:
217:
210:internal modem
206:
158:
157:
152:
147:
142:
133:
121:
119:Smart home hub
116:
114:Network switch
111:
105:
99:
94:
72:
69:
64:
61:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2005:
1994:
1991:
1989:
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1981:
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1696:
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1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1668:
1667:Code-division
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1652:Time-division
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1613:
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1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:and switching
1576:
1572:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1529:optical fiber
1527:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1519:Coaxial cable
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
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1477:
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1472:
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1467:
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1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:Radia Perlman
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1324:Lee de Forest
1322:
1320:
1319:Thomas Edison
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1309:Donald Davies
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1294:Claude Chappe
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1138:Smoke signals
1136:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:Semiconductor
1114:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
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1993:Home servers
1634:Multiplexing
1509:Transmission
1474:Nikola Tesla
1464:Henry Sutton
1419:Samuel Morse
1349:Robert Hooke
1314:Amos Dolbear
1249:John Bardeen
1168:
1148:Telautograph
1052:Mobile phone
1007:Edholm's law
990:social media
923:Broadcasting
816:
805:. Retrieved
801:
791:
779:. Retrieved
765:
755:December 21,
753:. Retrieved
749:Techrepublic
747:
742:Ou, George.
737:
725:. Retrieved
722:dignited.com
721:
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678:
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649:December 22,
647:. Retrieved
637:
627:December 21,
625:. Retrieved
623:. PC Advisor
614:
602:. Retrieved
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486:(1): 69–86.
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375:Home network
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145:Wired router
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1834:NPL network
1546:Radio waves
1484:Alfred Vail
1394:Hedy Lamarr
1379:Dawon Kahng
1339:Elisha Gray
1299:Yogen Dalal
1224:Nasir Ahmed
1158:Teleprinter
1022:Heliographs
380:Home server
307:triple play
300:Dynamic DNS
220:A cellular
178:cable modem
131:set-top box
92:Cable modem
1967:Categories
1880:Antarctica
1839:Toasternet
1761:Television
1244:Paul Baran
1176:Television
1160:(teletype)
1153:Telegraphy
1131:transistor
1109:Phryctoria
1079:Photophone
1057:Smartphone
1047:Mass media
828:1506.04112
807:2015-06-16
407:References
1983:Broadband
1864:Americas
1853:Locations
1824:Internet2
1585:Bandwidth
1289:Vint Cerf
1186:streaming
1164:Telephone
1104:Semaphore
995:streaming
866:About.com
695:1553-877X
353:backdoors
351:, vendor
315:telephony
304:converged
294:functions
230:tethering
174:DSL modem
97:DSL modem
1932:Category
1819:Internet
1809:CYCLADES
1726:Ethernet
1676:Concepts
1600:terminal
1551:wireless
1374:Bob Kahn
1217:Pioneers
1042:Internet
933:Cable TV
858:Archived
781:April 4,
727:April 4,
703:69843289
604:April 4,
551:April 4,
500:10868763
363:See also
342:Security
292:firewall
239:Features
214:PCI card
43:) via a
41:Internet
1952:Commons
1942:Outline
1895:Oceania
1814:FidoNet
1799:ARPANET
1612:circuit
1181:digital
910:History
336:meshnet
251:routing
138:(VoIP)
108:IP-DECT
71:Devices
63:History
29:bridges
25:gateway
1890:Europe
1860:Africa
1844:Usenet
1804:BITNET
1741:Mobile
1617:packet
1126:MOSFET
1121:device
918:Beacon
701:
693:
576:
521:
498:
455:
425:, IEEE
332:bridge
302:, and
274:(NAT),
172:(e.g.
27:which
1873:South
1868:North
1829:JANET
1766:Telex
1756:Radio
1595:Nodes
1590:Links
1511:media
1089:Radio
1074:Pager
1002:Drums
968:video
963:image
953:audio
823:arXiv
776:PCMag
699:S2CID
496:S2CID
355:, or
288:, and
264:, or
190:PPPoE
170:modem
104:modem
45:modem
1885:Asia
1771:UUCP
1731:ISDN
783:2021
757:2015
729:2021
691:ISSN
651:2015
629:2015
606:2021
574:ISBN
553:2021
519:ISBN
453:ISBN
313:and
286:IPv6
284:and
282:IPv4
280:for
278:DHCP
266:WLAN
226:WWAN
102:FTTx
49:EttH
1776:WAN
1746:NGN
1736:LAN
1017:Fax
958:DCT
864:on
683:doi
488:doi
262:hub
208:An
203:USB
188:or
186:PPP
184:or
182:ATM
128:VoD
1969::
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311:TV
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201:A
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