Religious debates over the Harry Potter series

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our own; he thinks this is wrong: "Lewis goes to great lengths to make clear just how dangerous and wrong, how incompatible with Christianity, is any form of attempted magic in our world." John Andrew Murray similarly observes that Rowling's work portrays magic as a natural force to be manipulated, while Lewis and Tolkien portray magic as a gift bestowed by a higher power: "Despite superficial similarities, Rowling's and Lewis' worlds are as far apart as east is from west. Rowling's work invites children to a world where witchcraft is 'neutral' and where authority is determined solely by one's cleverness. Lewis invites readers to a world where God's authority is not only recognised, but celebrated — a world that resounds with His goodness and care."

1222:, England, banned the books from school grounds, saying that, "The Bible is very clear and consistent in its teachings that wizards, devils and demons exist and are very real, powerful and dangerous, and God's people are told to have nothing to do with them". In response, the chairman of the Church of England's doctrine commission, Stephen Sykes, said, "The Church's position is that magic and sorcery are contrary to the Christian religion, Mrs Rookwood is absolutely right. children who are capable of reading Harry Potter could be told not to take witchcraft seriously, or might even realise that for themselves". In July 2000, Birkenhead Primary School in 1411:, an Italian expert in emerging religious movements, criticised the Fundamentalist impulse to distrust fantasy. "Fundamentalists reject, or even burn, all products of contemporary popular culture, because their modes of production, languages and styles are not intrinsically Christian Most children understand that magic is used in fairy tales and juvenile supernatural fiction as a century-old language, and that this is fiction, not reality. If we dismiss the use of magic as a language, we should at least be fundamentalist to the bitter end, and go against "Mary Poppins," "Peter Pan," and "Sleeping Beauty," and insist that Cinderella puts a 1585:"Personally", she said of her religious faith, "I think you can see that in the books. Of course, Hogwarts is a multifaith school." Rowling claims to have been very careful not to colour her novels in an overtly religious way, lest one faith be given prominence over any other. Rowling said that to her, the moral significance of the tales seems "blindingly obvious". The key for her was the choice between what is right and what is easy, "because that, that is how tyranny is started, with people being apathetic and taking the easy route and suddenly finding themselves in deep trouble." In an interview with 1735:, Lisa Miller commented that Harry dies and then comes back to life to save mankind, like Christ. She points out the title of the chapter in which this occurs—"King's Cross"—a possible allusion to Christ's cross. Also, she outlines the scene in which Harry is temporarily dead, pointing out that it places Harry in a very heaven-like setting where he talks to a father figure "whose supernatural powers are accompanied by a profound message of love". Miller argues that these parallels make it difficult to believe that the basis of the stories is Satanic. There is also speculation from 1169:, said that she believed the books encouraged children to practice religious witchcraft or become Wiccans. Mallory also commented that she has not read the entire book series because "they're really very long and I have four kids. I've put a lot of work into what I've studied and read. I think it would be hypocritical for me to read all the books, honestly". Following her case's rejection by the school, Mallory then took her case to the school appeals committee, but was rejected again. On 20 April 2006, Mallory took her case to the 1762:, and refers to knowing which things in life are of true value. "They're very British books," Rowling revealed to an Open Book conference in October 2007, "So on a very practical note Harry was going to find biblical quotations on tombstones, I think those two particular quotations he finds on the tombstones at Godric's Hollow, ... almost epitomise the whole series." Tom Willow stated that "Harry Potter going knowingly to his death at the hands of Voldemort, willing to sacrifice himself to save his friends, is reminiscent of 1608:

curious. From when I was 13, 14 I went to church alone. I found it very interesting what was being said there, and I believed in it. When I went to university, I became more critical. I got more annoyed with the smugness of religious people and I went to church less and less. Now I'm at the point where I started: yes, I believe. And yes, I go to the church. A protestant church here in Edinburgh. My husband is also raised protestant, but he comes from a very strict Scottish group. One where they couldn't sing and talk.

362:, saying that "Rowling—or, as she shall henceforth be referred to and credited as, Mrs. J. K. Satan—said that as she sat in a coffee shop one grey day, wondering what to do with her empty, aimless life, it hit her, 'I'll give myself, body and soul, to the Dark Master. And in return, he will give me absurd wealth and power over the weak and pitiful of the world. And he did!'" This article was also copied into a chain letter and released as "truth" onto the web. 7356: 1165:, and thus for a public school library to hold them would violate the separation of church and state. On her website, she states, "Harry Potter is being used to teach and promote witchcraft, Wicca, a U.S. recognised religion, in our schools, classrooms, and to this entire generation." Mallory said the books carry "evil themes, witchcraft, demonic activity, murder, evil blood sacrifice, spells and teaching children all of this." Mallory, who is a 7366: 536:

positive, the violent manipulation of things and people thanks to the knowledge of the occult, an advantage of a select few: the ends justify the means because the knowledgeable, the chosen ones, the intellectuals know how to control the dark powers and turn them into good... This is a grave and deep lie, because it is the old Gnostic temptation of confusing salvation and truth with a secret knowledge." However, in July 2009,

1808:. "I really enjoyed choosing those two quotations because one is pagan, of course, and one is from a Christian tradition", Rowling said. "I'd known it was going to be those two passages since 'Chamber' was published. I always knew if I could use them at the beginning of book seven then I'd cued up the ending perfectly. If they were relevant, then I went where I needed to go. They just say it all to me, they really do." 1375:

books simply aren't about Wicca as it is currently practiced. J.K. Rowling researched Wiccan practices and incorporated a few elements in order to give her books a bit more of an air of reality, but she and Wicca are drawing upon the same corpus of ancient traditions and stories so similarities are inevitable. They certainly aren't a sign that the books work to "indoctrinate" people into Wicca as a religion."

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who identify themselves as Evangelical and 39 per cent who take the Bible literally. In 2001 the Alamogordo Christ Community Church in New Mexico burned hundreds of copies of the Harry Potter books. Jack Brock, leader of the church, said the books were an abomination because they inspired children to study the occult. He and his followers admitted they have never read any of the books, and tossed in some

1123:, local parent Deb DiEugenio, along with her pastor, attempted to have the books banned from her daughter's school. DuEugenio said that "It's against my daughter's constitution, it's evil, it's witchcraft ... I'm not paying taxes to teach my child witchcraft". The school board eventually voted 7–2 to keep the books, with an opt-out for concerned parents. 1310:, although occasionally employed by characters in the books are neither unique nor central to the Wiccan religion and are treated in the novels in a condescending, tongue-in-cheek manner; the school divination teacher is, according to writer Christine Schoeffer, "a misty, dreamy, dewy charlatan," who is ridiculed by the students and staff alike. In the 522:. In the interview, Fleetwood reaffirmed his positive opinion of the books, and remarked that then-Cardinal Ratzinger's letters may have been written by a member of the congregation's staff and simply signed by the prefect. He also stated that his and Amorth's opinions are just that, conflicting personal opinions of priests. 1616:, when asked if she believed in God, she said, "Yes. I do struggle with it; I couldn't pretend that I'm not doubt-ridden about a lot of things and that would be one of them but I would say yes." When asked if she believed in an afterlife, she said, "Yes; I think I do." In a 2008 interview with the Spanish newspaper 839:. Said one honorary chaplain, "Oh yes, there was quite a to-do. There was one particular man, very evangelical, writing in and complaining that it wasn't right for such things to be going on. I don't think it was so much the film's subject matter but the fact that filming was happening at all." Similarly, 550:, saying, "There is a clear line of demarcation between good and evil and makes clear that good is right. One understands as well that sometimes this requires hard work and sacrifice." It also noted that the film made clear that "the search for immortality epitomised by Lord Voldemort" was morally wrong. 806:, chairman of the Synodal Department for Relations with Society and the Media of the Moscow Patriarchate, noted that it was wrong to denounce J.K. Rowling's books "in some kind of magism and devilry." He stressed that if you approach Harry Potter from this position, then similar moments can be seen in 1673:

Other Christian writers find Rowling's treatment of magic less acceptable than Lewis's and Tolkien's. In his essay "Harry Potter vs. Gandalf," Steven D. Greydanus notes that in the works of Tolkien and Lewis, magic is confined to alien realms with their own laws, whereas Rowling's world coexists with

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agreed to take its place; the Dean of Gloucester, the Very Reverend Nicholas Bury, admitted to being a fan of the books; "I think the book is a marvellous traditional children's story and excellently written. It is also amusing, exciting and wholesome, and is just the sort of story families should be

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published an editorial in favour of the books in January 2000, calling the series a "Book of Virtues" and averring that although "modern witchcraft is indeed an ensnaring, seductive false religion that we must protect our children from," this does not represent the Potter books, which have "wonderful

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After burying the remains of Mad-Eye Moody, Harry "marked the spot by gouging a small cross in the bark with his wand." Now, if they were true Wiccans, wouldn't he have gouged a pentagram? When Harry finally has the chance to face Voldemort (Tom Riddle) and possibly kill him, Harry pauses and offers

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I absolutely did not start writing these books to encourage any child into witchcraft. I'm laughing slightly because to me, the idea is absurd. I have met thousands of children and not even one time has a child come up to me and said, "Ms Rowling, I'm so glad I've read these books because now I want

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youth worker Owen Smith, argued that, "These sessions draw parallels between events in the world of Harry and his friends, and the world in which we are seeking to proclaim the gospel to young people To say, as some have, that these books draw younger readers towards the occult seems to me both to

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related to Satanism, a poll in 2000 indicated that this position remains a minority view. Seven per cent of Americans who have heard of the books have a negative view of them, with 52 per cent having a positive opinion and the remaining 41 per cent unsure. This compares with 33 per cent of Americans

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There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his son or his daughter pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch, or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer. For all that do these things are an

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Yes, I am, which seems to offend the religious right far worse than if I said I thought there was no God. Every time I've been asked if I believe in God, I've said yes, because I do, but no one ever really has gone any more deeply into it than that, and I have to say that does suit me, because if I

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in December 2014, Rowling tweeted, "To everyone asking whether their religion/belief/non-belief system is represented at Hogwarts: the only people I never imagined there are wiccans ... it's a different concept of magic to the one laid out in the books, so I don't really see how they can co-exist."

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practices warned against in the document, Fleetwood stated, "If I have understood well the intentions of Harry Potter's author, they help children to see the difference between good and evil. And she is very clear on this." He added that Rowling is "Christian by conviction, is Christian in her mode

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minister Peter Ciaccio analysed the relationship between J. K. Rowling's work and Christian theology, stating that the Harry Potter series is the positive outcome of the encounter of the Jewish-Christian tradition with other important features of the Western cultural heritage (namely Celtic, Nordic

1758:, that the biblical quotation "The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death," featured on the tombstones of Harry's parents, refers to Christ's victory over death at the end of the world. The quotation on Dumbledore's family tomb, "Where your treasure is, there your heart will be also", is from 1607:

I was officially raised in the Church of England, but I was actually more of a freak in my family. We didn't talk about religion in our home. My father didn't believe in anything, neither did my sister. My mother would incidentally visit the church, but mostly during Christmas. And I was immensely

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novels. Venezuelan scholar Fernando Baez, in a study of the history of censorship and book destruction commented, "There is more than one way to destroy a book, upon being denied a city permit to burn books, the Rev. Douglas Taylor in Lewiston, Maine, has held several annual gatherings at which he

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and the more overtly Christian works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien. In an interview with CBN.com, Abanes remarked that, "One of the easiest ways to know whether a fantasy book or film has real world magick in it is to just ask a simple question, 'Can my child find information in a library or

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espouses Christian values, or that the Bible does not prohibit the forms of magic described in the series. Christian analyses of the series have argued that it embraces ideals of friendship, loyalty, courage, love, and the temptation of power. After the final volume was published, Rowling said she

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novels because it knows so little Christianity itself The gospel stories themselves, the various metaphors and figures of the Law and the Prophets, and their echoes down through the past two millennia of Christian literature and art are largely unknown to vast swaths of American Christendom." As

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in 2001, "I got so caught up I didn't think C. S. Lewis was especially preachy. Reading them now I find that his subliminal message isn't very subliminal". In an interview with Lev Grossman in 2005, she said, "There comes a point where Susan, who was the older girl, is lost to Narnia because she

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books to those pupils whose parents gave written permission. Later reports claimed that the parents were concerned about the books' magical and witchcraft-related themes. In response, children began a letter-writing campaign, forming clubs and organising petitions, which ultimately merged into an

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can be singled out. Initially, attempts to find something good in the Harry Potter series of books caused outrage among the opponents. But later the situation changed. According to modern (2020) scholars, "the longer the time interval separates us from the release date of the last book, the fewer

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and homosexuality responded pointedly to the revelation. Christian author Berit Kjos, for instance, said that Rowling's statement furthered his opposition to the books, as Rowling "has introduced values that are contrary to the Biblical message". Laura Mallory responded to Rowling's statement by

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is "purely mechanical, as opposed to occultic. That is, Harry and his friends cast spells, read crystal balls, and turn themselves into animals—but they don't make contact with a supernatural world. the kind of real-life witchcraft the Bible condemns." Austin Cline notes that, "The Harry Potter

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claimed this was an independent action in which the Church played no role. "It may be a great series, but for some it is a vehicle for entering into some occult practices," he said. "Sorcery and witchcraft are not appropriate subjects for a Catholic school and I do not want parents or children

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novels offer lessons in the importance of love and self-giving, but Professor Edoardo Rialti described Harry Potter as "the wrong kind of hero" and said that, "Despite several positive values that can be found in the story, at the foundations of this tale is the proposal that of witchcraft as

703:, saying, "It is beyond doubt that Harry was made to resemble a young savior. Upon his birth people try to kill him, he is forever subjected to injustice but always supernaturally manages to prevail and save others. Let us reflect, who else ... is held to be the unjustly treated God?" 4237: 1423:

Another response to the claim that the books promote the religion of witchcraft, which has been raised as much by Christians critical of the books as those who support them, is that, far from promoting religion, the books do not promote religion in any way. Apart from celebrating

1283:, a number of Wiccans and other commenters have argued that the critics' definition of Wicca tends to lump together many and various spiritualist practices that actually have little in common. They have also highlighted the differences between magic within Wicca, which is 1067:

in the US appears to be waning; having topped the list of the most challenged books in American schools in many previous years, they have since 2002 only appeared in the top ten in 2003 when they took 2nd place, and in 2019 when they took 9th place. Humanist commentator

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when I was nineteen. I think, setting aside the obvious fact that we both use myth and legend, that the similarities are fairly superficial. Tolkien created a whole new mythology, which I would never claim to have done. On the other hand, I think I have better jokes."

322:. It takes seconds to go into a bookstore or library and get books on that and start investigating it, researching it, and doing it." Abanes wrote: "The classic passage dealing with divination, along with several other forms of occultism, is Deuteronomy 18:10–12: 1149:

s Russian translation, saying that the books "instilled religious extremism and prompted students to join religious organizations of Satanist followers". The Moscow Prosecutor's Office declined to press the charges because there were "no grounds" for the case.

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and her eldest daughter, Jessica, was baptised into that faith. "I go to church myself", she told MTV in 2007, "I don't take any responsibility for the lunatic fringes of my own religion". In 2000, when asked if she was a Christian by journalist Max Wyman of

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School Board, but on 11 May, the board voted unanimously against her. In June 2006, Mallory launched an appeal against the County Board's decision with the Georgia State Board of Education; that appeal was rejected the following December. In January 2007, she

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says, in their analysis of Chick's "The Nervous Witch", that the comic's heroine cries that 'she got into "The Craft" (i.e. Wicca) "Through the Harry Potter books! We wanted his powers ... so we called for spirit guides. Then they came into us." In reality,

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of the liberal website Left2Right notes, "Religion plays no role in the books. There are no churches, no other religious institutions, nobody prays or meditates, and even funerals are non-religious affairs." When considering the role of religion within

191:, outlined the reasons for his opposition: " some powerful and valuable lessons about love and courage and the ultimate victory of good over evil; however, the positive messages are packaged in a medium –- witchcraft –- that is directly denounced in 1654:, Harry descends to a deep underworld, is confronted by two satanic minions (Voldemort and a giant serpent), is saved from certain death by his faith in Dumbledore (the bearded God the Father/Ancient of Days), rescues the virgin (Virginia [ 1230:

novels being read aloud by teachers in class after parental complaints regarding the books' supposedly occult content. However, the ban was lifted after a number of students and parents complained. Also in 2000, Christian parents complained to the

1116:. One parent complained that "If they are going to pass out witchcraft certificates they should also promote the Bible and pass out certificates of righteousness". The lawsuit was averted after the Library agreed to stop awarding the certificate. 123:

have not all been negative. "At least as much as they've been attacked from a theological point of view," notes Rowling, " have been lauded and taken into pulpit, and most interesting and satisfying for me, it's been by several different faiths."

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regards Rowling's belief that discussing her faith would spoil the books, Bowyer says, "For once, I disagree with her: I don't think would have guessed the ending. Most of them can't recognise the ending of the story even after it's been told."

668:, banned the books from the school library on the grounds that "The curses and spells used in the books are actual curses and spells; which when read by a human being risk conjuring evil spirits into the presence of the person reading the text". 4241: 977:

novel was scheduled to go on sale. The book launch was postponed in response. A local police superintendent commented that, "We are not sure so far whether the target of the bombing was the book launch, but the connection cannot be ruled out."

1362:; "If anything, the magic in Rowling's world is even more emphatically imaginary, even further removed from real-world practices, than that of Tolkien or Lewis; and, like theirs, presents no appreciable risk of direct imitative behaviour." 1890:

Rowling commented on the dispute in an interview with the BBC. "Do I think a gay person can be a moral compass? I think it's ludicrous that we are asking that question in the 21st century. The Christian fundamentalists were never my base."

773: 624:, quoted in by the group, said "many of those who had practiced magic collected their books and burned them in front of everyone. So they calculated their value and found it to be fifty thousand pieces of silver". Another passage, from 90:

novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all. However, the author of the series, J. K. Rowling, describes herself as a Christian, and many have noted the Christian references which she includes in the final novel

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after the publication of the last book, she is quoted as saying, "To me always been obvious, but I never wanted to talk too openly about it because I thought it might show people who just wanted the story where we were going."

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in 2007; "I wasn't trying to do what C. S. Lewis did. It is perfectly possible to live a very moral life without a belief in God, and I think it's perfectly possible to live a life peppered with ill-doing and believe in God."

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argues that, "Harry Potter lives in a world free of any religion or spirituality of any kind. He lives surrounded by ghosts but has no one to pray to, even if he were so inclined, which he isn't." Grossman goes on to contrast

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to the Gwinnett Superior Court; that appeal too was rejected three months later. She considered taking the case to federal court, but spent the following summer with her husband and four children. She is now an ordained

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observed the apparent secularism in the novel, stating that the characters of Harry and Hermione possess certain moral virtues while also expressing an ignorance of Christian ideas. In an article written for

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is not so much that Rowling is playing to dark supernatural powers, but that she doesn't acknowledge any supernatural powers at all. These stories are not fueled by witchcraft, but by secularism." The

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produced a comic book tract titled "The Nervous Witch" that declared "the Potter books open a doorway that will put untold millions of kids into hell." In 2007 Jacqui Komschlies wrote an article in

6704: 1650:'s book, draws comparisons between Rowling's and Lewis's common usage of Christian symbols, such as lions, unicorns and stags. He compares the work to Lewis's Christian allegory: "In the climax of 1829:. But Christian themes are there nonetheless". Christian commentator Jerry Bowyer says of Rowling's "fundamentalist bashers", "So much of the religious right failed to see the Christianity in the 1537:, "They know it's fiction. When people are arguing from that kind of standpoint, I don't think reason works tremendously well. But I would be surprised if some of them had read the books at all." 1432:

and a non-denominational clergyman presiding at both Dumbledore's funeral and the Weasleys' wedding, religious practices are largely absent from the books. In her critical editorial on the books,

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books. A parent, Angie Haney, had requested such a rule on the grounds that they were "not based on fiction," at the prompting of Pastor Mark Hodges, who was also a member of the school board. A

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Voldemort a chance, saying, "Show some remorse." ... Giving a person a chance to redeem themselves, to begin to realise your own sins, by showing remorse, shows a Christian theme to the story.

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received international attention after pulling the books from the shelves of the parish's K-8 school. According to the ALA, this was the first time the books were banned in Massachusetts. The

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text; and claims that it encourages children to oppose authority, derived mainly from Harry's rejection of the Dursleys, his adoptive parents. Author and scholar Amanda Cockrell suggests that

6179: 331:"If this were the only passage dealing with occultism, it would be enough to forbid all of the practices found in the Harry Potter series. But there are numerous other verses to consider..." 628:, said: "Burn the images of their gods. Don't desire the silver or the gold that is on them and take it for yourself, or you will be trapped by it. That is detestable to the Lord your God." 6172: 1382:

books, but you have to see them in context to know they are not teaching witchcraft or sorcery. Many of the detractors who have actually read the books already have made up their mind that

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While many describe the books as secular or Satanic, many writers, including Rowling herself, have gone to great lengths to demonstrate that the books actively promote Christian values.

759:. Among the most famous opponents of the presence of Harry Potter books in the library of the Orthodox family are the following famous Russian Orthodox priests and laypeople: Archpriest 744:

where special services are held to help those said to be afflicted by spells and curses or possessed by evil spirits. Pamphlets were posted throughout the city, claiming that reciting a

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campus bookstore. At least two prominent leaders of the church have even recommended the series and spoke of being fans because they teach morality and show good victorious over evil.

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as "an absolute godsend to our cause." This article was copied into a chain letter and circulated among Christians as "proof" of their views. The following year the Canadian daily the

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of living, even in her way of writing." This comment was seized on by the media as an endorsement of the novels from the Catholic Church, and by extension, the Pope at that time,

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is not spiritually dangerous, and that passing through fire, contacting the dead, and conversing with ghosts, others in the spirit world, and more, is normal and acceptable."

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attributes this decline to school libraries employing "opt-out" policies which allow parents to prohibit their children from reading books they do not wish them exposed to.

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intentionally incorporated Christian themes, in particular the idea that love may hold power over death. According to Joy Farmer, it is a "profound misreading to think that

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The individuals are Dieter F. Uchtdorf (in the Church's highest governing body) and Jeffrey R. Holland (in the Church's second-highest governing body). For Uchtdorf, see

1262:, she told the girl that "I don't do witchcraft in any form," and that she would be "cursed" if she heard the novel recited. Allan took her dispute with the school to an 6699: 5374: 4492: 4388: 3901: 2660: 6399: 6228: 4450: 3032: 2089: 1295:

pointed out that "communing with the dead and spirit world, sorcery, curses, occult symbology, black magic demon possession"—all cited by the book as evidence of

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in their official newspaper, claiming that "magic is not a children's game," and that the Holy Synod had advised that people go every Thursday to a church in

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Taub, Deborah J.; Servaty-Seib, Heather L. (7 August 2008). "Controversial content: is Harry Potter harmful to children?". In Heilman, Elizabeth E. (ed.).

887:(LDS Church) has expressed no official or unofficial reservations or cautions about the Harry Potter books and movies, all of which are freely sold at the 266:, which stated that "Harry's world says that drinking dead animal blood gives power, a satanic human sacrifice and Harry's powerful blood brings new life, 147:

popularity, and recent preoccupation with fantasy and the occult among Christian fundamentalists, explains why the series received particular opposition.

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The statement was met with an ovation from the audience. "If I'd known it would make you so happy, I would have announced it years ago!" Rowling said.

6336: 6317: 6222: 4419:"Durham won't restrict access to book; Kids' stories on Mideast conflict deemed appropriate Same board temporarily exiled Potter series for witchcraft" 854: 6724: 6914: 6658: 6330: 6311: 768: 657: 5919: 3471: 3433: 3100: 6830: 6753: 6283: 6275: 3414: 1935: 760: 735: 664:

In August, 2019, after consulting with exorcists in both the US and Rome, Dan Reehil, a pastor at the Roman Catholic parish school of St Edward in

348:, published an article entitled "Harry Potter Sparks Rise in Satanism Among Children," which said that the "High Priest of Satanism" had described 6255: 4980: 3391: 884: 730: 649: 5270: 7405: 6379: 6241: 6128: 3452: 1069: 5469: 5167: 3872: 3490: 2596:

Abanes, Richard. "Harry Potter and the Bible: The Menace Behind the Magick". Christian Publications, Inc. www.christianpublications.com. 2001.

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telling U.S. network ABC that the books are "a subtle indoctrination into anti-Christian values ... A homosexual lifestyle is a harmful one."

6546: 6297: 546: 2950: 1266:, citing religious discrimination and claiming for damages. The case was heard in June 2007 and the tribunal found in favour of the school. 1130:, brought suit against the local school board on behalf of their daughter to contest a rule requiring parents' written consent to read the 7109: 6165: 5576: 5404: 5324: 4263: 4210: 785:. Initially, the opponents and haters of Harry Potter prevailed in ROC. Among the supporters of the work among the ROC clergy, Protodeacon 641: 5358:

Wyman, Max (2000-10-26). "'You can lead a fool to a book but you can't make them think': Author has frank words for the religious right".

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internet site called Muggles for Harry Potter. Eventually the site took on a broader remit as kidSPEAK!, a forum for children to tackle

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project" created to "disrupt young minds." The article was ignored by the government and the series continued to be published normally.

6919: 6269: 5491: 4639: 4418: 719: 86:, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts. Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the 5524: 4778: 4722: 4305: 6096: 5117:"Fundamentalism Afoot in Anti-Potter Camp, Says New-Religions Expert Popular Culture Enjoys an Autonomy, Explains Massimo Introvigne" 3316: 515: 2543: 876:

malign J. K. Rowling and to vastly underestimate the ability of children and young people to separate the real from the imaginary."

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are superficial, based on the presence of magic in the books: they do not attempt to understand the moral messages in the series.

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talk too freely about that I think the intelligent reader, whether 10 or 60, will be able to guess what's coming in the books.

510: 225:," and said, "We're taking something deadly from our world and turning it into what some are calling 'merely a literary device. 5382: 4496: 4396: 2172: 7260: 6365: 2843: 2668: 2459: 2397: 2364: 2281: 1354:

novels is not the ritualistic, invocative magic of Wicca or occultism but the same "fantasy" magic practised in the works of

469: 5630:

Renton, Jennie (28 October 2001). "Her own story has become legend: the single mum who created a global phenomenon". Metro.

5295:

Weeks, Linton (20 October 1999). "Charmed, I'm sure; the enchanting success story of Harry Potter's creator, J.K. Rowling".

5239: 4666: 4359: 2860: 2606: 405:, wrote that the books preach Christian values and can be used to educate children in Christian tenets. Mike Hertenstein of 6110: 1772: 1725: 1682:

becomes interested in lipstick. She's become irreligious basically because she found sex. I have a big problem with that."

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decided the rule was unconstitutional. The decision was cited as precedent in subsequent censorship cases. Also in 2003, a

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in his New Year Message for 2002, calling it "great fun," and a film that "asks some very real questions" on moral issues.

563: 93: 5148: 2305:

Cockrell, Amanda (February 2006). "Harry Potter and the witch hunters: a social context for the attacks on Harry Potter".

600:, publicly burned books and other objects they believe promote magic and sorcery, such as several copies of such books as 7390: 6936: 6884: 6369: 6089: 4458: 1910: 1867:, the books' wise mentor-figure, "who believed in the prevailing power of love, ever in love himself", Rowling replied: 1108:

of Orlando after they began awarding "Hogwarts' Certificate of Accomplishment" to young readers who completed the fourth

871:, a 48-page book designed to use parallels from the novels to teach the faith to 9–13-year-olds. The author of the book, 580:. In his columns, he praised the books for displaying values that are "deeply compatible with Christianity." In his book 5551: 4692: 4598: 2097: 1036:, a time when business dealings are forbidden. This opposition also opened legal efforts to block the Saturday release. 7321: 7214: 6575: 4620: 2143: 1350:

practices of any kind have been roundly criticised. Christian writer Stephen D. Greydanus writes that the magic of the

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magazine before the publication of the seventh and final book in the series entitled "Who Dies in Harry Potter? God,"

1199:

thinking we approve of them in our library." He claimed his actions were no different from protecting children with a

306:

what you see in, story magic and imagination, it is not real. You can't replicate it. But if you go to something like

7294: 7070: 6865: 6731: 6644: 6588: 6208: 5962: 5059: 4089: 1643: 1243:, and managed to get the books removed from school library shelves. The books were reinstated after a public outcry. 4848: 4156: 7307: 6957: 6795: 6774: 5898: 2898: 2121: 5095: 1013:, claims that, in "a society in which adolescents are precociously adult, and adults are permanently adolescent", 100:

In America, calls for the books to be banned from schools have led to legal challenges, often on the grounds that

7116: 6876: 6593: 6525: 6422: 6212: 3852: 3791: 2212: 1784:. It is logical to assume that, directly or indirectly, that was also the model for Harry Potter's sacrifice." 1533:"People underestimate children so hugely", Rowling said when asked about the controversy in the 2001 documentary 1236: 456: 183:

who hold that the series' depiction of witchcraft is dangerous to children. In 1999, Paul Hetrick, spokesman for

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in a positive context by students of educational institutions of the Russian Orthodox Church. On July 29, 2021,

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critical statements appear in the information field." They also give examples of the use of allusions to the

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has rated each film either "A-II" or "A-III", meaning the content was not found to be morally offensive. The

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J. K. Rowling has repeatedly denied that her books lead children into witchcraft. In an interview with

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books, which is a purely mechanical application of spells without invoking any deities. A Wiccan review of

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have argued against the series, as have some Muslims. Supporters of the series have said that the magic in

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is a government-recognised religion and that to allow the books to be held in public schools violates the

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bookstore that will enable them to replicate what they are seeing in the film or the book?' If you go to

5840:"J. K. Rowling at Carnegie Hall Reveals Dumbledore is Gay; Neville Marries Hannah Abbott, and Much More" 3418: 1943: 531:, dedicated a full page to the debate in its 14–15 January 2008 issue. Essayist Paolo Gulisano said the 7410: 7235: 6201: 6135: 6011: 2380:

Ciaccio, Peter (7 August 2008). "Harry Potter and Christian theology". In Heilman, Elizabeth E. (ed.).

779: 188: 4988: 4277: 3399: 830:

film series, saying that it was unfitting for a Christian church to be used to promote pagan imagery.

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My truthful answer to you ... I always thought of Dumbledore as gay ... Dumbledore fell in love with

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is evil before they read. They have taken a magnifying glass and picked at the books, using literary

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universe, Schoeffer claims, "the entire intuitive tradition of fortune-telling ... is discredited."

7314: 7279: 7134: 6909: 6676: 6430: 5175: 3880: 3838: 3494: 3295: 1489: 1191: 1170: 888: 847: 296: 1996: 7369: 6802: 6638: 6480: 2958: 2923:

Wizards, Wardrobes, and Wookiees: Navigating Good and Evil in Harry Potter, Narnia, and Star Wars

1754: 1719:

A number of commentators have drawn attention to the Biblical themes and references in her final

1180: 1010: 930: 756: 608: 527: 415:,' used in the books to describe non-magical humans, to describe Christians without imagination. 403:

Wizards, Wardrobes, and Wookiees: Navigating Good and Evil in Harry Potter, Narnia, and Star Wars

393:

Some evangelicals have supported the Potter books: evangelical author Connie Neal, in her books,

204: 5683: 5584: 5412: 5332: 3762: 3544:. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting. Archived from 3493:. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting. Archived from 3474:. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting. Archived from 3455:. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting. Archived from 3436:. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting. Archived from 3417:. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting. Archived from 1612:

Rowling has occasionally experienced doubt about her religious faith. In a British documentary,

1032:

at 2 AM on a Saturday morning drew criticism from some Israeli rabbis, since it fell during the

6600: 2413:

Farmer, Joy (2001). "The magician's niece: the kinship between J. K. Rowling and C. S. Lewis".

1318: 1254:, quit her job after she was suspended for refusing to listen to a seven-year-old pupil read a 835:

encouraged to read." The decision still resulted in many angry letters to the local paper, the

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has taken no official position on the books, but various Catholics, including officials of the

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Connie Neal has commented that, "there are 64 real references to witchcraft in the first four

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books banned from her children's school library on the grounds that they promoted a religion,

411:

magazine, in his article "Harry Potter vs the Muggles, Myth, Magic & Joy," uses the term '

7359: 7154: 7144: 6583: 6004: 5953:

Ciaccio, Peter (2009). "Harry Potter and Christian Theology". In Elizabeth E. Heilman (ed.).

5865: 5771: 5300: 3925: 2026: 1703: 1499: 1097: 995: 584:, Pell praised the books as having a "good dose of moral truth" and for being "a good yarn." 467:, made comments supportive of the novels during a press conference announcing the release of 302: 5495: 4426: 4106: 1017:

has "reclaimed the kingdom of childhood, proving that you don't have to betray to enchant".

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A large number of Islamic scholars have argued that the books' magical themes conflict with

7168: 6551: 6159: 5244: 5213: 5144: 4786: 4726: 4309: 3202: 1526: 1462: 1127: 831: 819: 665: 645: 621: 497:, who believed that, "Behind Harry Potter hides the signature of the king of the darkness, 5038: 3736: 3053: 8: 7033: 7002: 6505: 5715: 2551: 1872: 1811:

Raymond Keating also outlines several Christian themes of the last book in an article in

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books as Satanic, saying that they "acquaint people with evil, wizardry, the occult and

7221: 6475: 6465: 5718: 3975:"Don't worry – the sheik of Liverpool is not calling for decapitation or unicorn blood" 3816: 3594:"Harry Potter books removed from St. Edward Catholic School due to 'curses and spells'" 3172: 2521: 2432: 2258: 1562: 1453: 1408: 1135: 1120: 807: 711: 571: 417: 209: 16:

Debates based on claims that the Harry Potter novels contain occult or satanic subtexts

5695: 5606: 4509: 3570: 3545: 1646:, who explored Christian themes and morality in a fantasy context. Dave Kopel, citing 6978: 6561: 6232: 5958: 5679: 5121: 4952: 4367: 4203: 4085: 3135: 3002:

Peter Ciaccio, "Harry Potter and Christian Theology", in Elizabeth E. Heilman (ed.),

2839: 2455: 2424: 2393: 2360: 2318: 2287: 2277: 1748:, episode 115 entitled "Those Deathly Hallows," in the Canon Conclusion segment with 1572: 1396: 1215: 1081: 926: 922: 864: 699:." The statement also criticised the purported similarities between Harry Potter and 505: 483: 267: 222: 470:

Jesus Christ the Bearer of the Water of Life—A Christian reflection on the "New Age"

7300: 7207: 6904: 6510: 6450: 6440: 6359: 5985: 5434:"New Interview with J.K. Rowling for Release of Dutch Edition of "Deathly Hallows"" 3168: 2385: 2352: 2314: 2269: 2180: 1864: 1749: 1639: 1494: 1355: 840: 803: 83: 4822: 3950: 6858: 6823: 6816: 6044: 5794: 5274: 4670: 4516: 3912: 3341: 3250:"Harry Potter and the incredibly positive review from the official Vatican paper" 2986: 2868: 2614: 1687: 1468: 1391: 1105: 1045: 794: 494: 436: 46: 5996: 5989: 5304: 5249: 5009: 4928: 3902:

President Uchtdorf Lauds “Responsibility, Humanity, Joy” of Doctors' White Coats

3715: 2801: 2689: 1203:; "What I did is start a spiritual peanut butter ban on Harry Potter," he said. 994:

books as, in the words of one, "a force for good". In 2005, a conference at the

422:

examples of compassion, loyalty, courage, friendship, and even self-sacrifice."

7395: 7023: 6809: 6541: 6500: 6445: 5116: 4929:"Reviews of the video by Jeremiah Films: "Harry Potter: Witchcraft Repackaged"" 4856: 3979: 3697: 2573: 1594: 1367: 1259: 1200: 1006: 617: 366: 274: 249: 163:

promotes witchcraft,". Scholar Em McAvan writes that evangelical objections to

3522:

United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting

3396:

United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting

1972: 620:. As a justification, they quoted following biblical passages: A passage from 7384: 7284: 6520: 6515: 6485: 6460: 6455: 6033: 3517: 3291: 3139: 2479: 2428: 1860: 1856: 1825:

without recognizing the religious aspects. That's even more so the case with

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In 2007, Rowling described her religious background in an interview with the

1246:

In July 2006, Sariya Allan, a teaching assistant at Durand Primary School in

1219: 918: 793:, Archpriest Andrei Posternak, priest Alexy Pluzhnikov and religious scholar 786: 782: 519: 354: 42: 27: 5325:"'Harry Potter' Author J.K. Rowling Opens Up About Books' Christian Imagery" 2291: 2147: 7341: 6490: 6470: 6028: 5973: 5957:(2nd ed.). Routledge, London and New York: Routledge. pp. 33–46. 3020: 1795: 1777: 1759: 1647: 1479: 1473: 1387: 1323: 1251: 1101: 850: 602: 423: 386: 335: 315: 241: 200: 58: 53: 5811:

Round Table on Themes and Trends in Late Twentieth Century Popular Culture

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Polish Priests Burn Harry Potter, Twilight Books In Protest Of The Occult

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for a new audience." (This quotation predates Rowling's revelation that

1635: 1484: 1359: 715: 559: 440: 370: 345: 218: 79: 4591:"Parents should teach kids difference between real, make-believe worlds" 3677: 2436: 1911:"Growth of 'new media' fatwas rankles traditional Islamic establishment" 1044:

The books' inclusion in public and school libraries has been frequently

7335: 7200: 7053: 5010:"NEGATIVE REVIEWS BY CONSERVATIVE CHRISTIANS TO THE HARRY POTTER BOOKS" 3161:"Speak of the Devil... Transcript of the Vatican Radio program 105Live" 1744: 1697: 1449: 1284: 1090: 755:

A heated discussion about the Harry Potter books has broken out in the

707: 696: 447:, and other official bodies have presented mixed views on the subject. 319: 180: 154:

books also have a group of vocal religious supporters who believe that

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Short Stories from Hogwarts of Heroism, Hardship and Dangerous Hobbies

4953:"Six different, unrelated, forms of Witchcraft: Harry Potter to Wicca" 4904:"Christian teacher 'bans reading of Harry Potter witchcraft in class'" 1618: 7038: 6622: 6173:

Short Stories from Hogwarts of Power, Politics and Pesky Poltergeists

3006:(2nd ed.), Routledge, London and New York, pp. 33–46; Peter Ciaccio, 2664: 2265: 2125: 1799: 1425: 1307: 1247: 1060:, as of 2006 they are the most challenged books of the 21st century. 340: 311: 278: 4027:"Terrorist attack at the Potter book launch site foiled in Pakistan" 3905: 3195:"Writers in Vatican newspaper debate lessons of Harry Potter novels" 2473: 2471: 904: 597: 7048: 6605: 4849:"Faith & Reason: Harry Potter and a theology lesson for adults" 4621:"Witchcraft or fantasy? Education officer hears about Harry Potter" 2565: 2415: 1781: 1776:. There is no doubt that Aslan's sacrifice was modeled by Lewis on 1731: 1631: 1223: 1139: 1001: 970: 966: 823: 613: 593: 490: 137: 35: 3612: 3610: 2637:"Harry Potter: Harmless Christian Novel or Doorway to the Occult?" 277:, who has written several books arguing against new religions and 2468: 1813: 1739: 1541: 1445: 1331: 1303: 1033: 962: 955: 478: 473:. In response to a question asking if the magic presented in the 282: 62:

bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of

38: 5662:"Transcript of J. K. Rowling's live interview on Scholastic.com" 5271:"JK Rowling confirms that there were Jewish wizards at Hogwarts" 4723:"Mother who fought against Harry Potter books finds new calling" 2979: 2779: 2737:"JK Rowling lost out on US medal over Harry Potter 'witchcraft'" 1685:"I did not set out to convert anyone to Christianity," she told 973:

located outside a shopping centre where, hours later, the final

289:. Later editions incorporated comparisons and contrasts between 7018: 6617: 5822:

Keating, Raymond J. "Harry Potter and the Christian allegory".

4264:

Harry Potter tops list of most challenged books of 21st century

3951:"Harry Who? An Islamic Analysis of the Harry Potter Phenomenon" 3658: 3634: 3622: 3607: 1429: 1347: 1175: 1153:

In September 2005, Laura Mallory, a mother of four children in

1142:

woman filed charges against Rosman Publishing, responsible for

1029: 950: 937:

for "paganism, evil, magic and the drinking of unicorn blood".

764: 688: 412: 31: 5974:"Гарри Поттер и православное сообщество: опыт контент-анализа" 3342:"Harry Potter books burned by Polish priests alarmed by magic" 2711:"Harry Potter Author Admits She's an Avowed Satanist-Fiction!" 1183:

for children and young adults, claiming that her case against

1056:

books were challenged 23 times in 13 states. According to the

369:, claimed that during the Bush administration, "people in the 365:

In 2009, Matt Latimer, a former speechwriter for US President

4331:"Michigan School Superintendent Restricts Harry Potter Books" 1763: 1695:

As regards Tolkien, Rowling said in 2000 that "I didn't read

1412: 1287:

and derives from the divine powers, and that depicted by the

1280: 1190:

In September 2007, Pastor Ron Barker of St. Joseph Church in

1162: 1084:

school superintendent Gary Feenstra restricted access to the

1080:

In 1999, in response to complaints from three local parents,

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Warner Bros. Studio Tour London – The Making of Harry Potter

4667:"Judge upholds schools' decision to keep Harry Potter books" 2592: 2590: 1701:

until after the first Harry book was written, though I read

921:, the Australian Islamic preacher believed to have inspired 4879:"It's wizard: Harry Potter's spells can be spoken in class" 4640:"Hearing to determine fate of 'Harry Potter' books in GCPS" 3646: 2486: 2090:"Next installment of mom vs. Potter set for Gwinnett court" 941: 908: 872: 749: 4495:. American Library Association. 2003-04-28. Archived from 3678:"Спикер РПЦ призвал не обвинять Гарри Поттера в бесовщине" 2173:"Bulgarian church warns against the spell of Harry Potter" 1711: 1524:"Practicing Wiccans think I'm also a witch", Rowling told 489:

Criticism against the books came from one of the official

2587: 1656: 1586: 1512: 1483:

with other, more explicitly religious fantasies, such as

1337: 358:

released a similar spoof article in its satirical column

259: 3716:"THE HARRY POTTER BOOKS News in the media: 2000 to 2003" 3276:(23 September 2007). "Harry Potter And The Christians". 2325: 334:

The debate has inspired at least two satirical Internet

287:

Harry Potter and the Bible: The Menace Behind the Magick

5517:"JK Rowling wants to see a Democrat in the White House" 4779:"Pastor removes Harry Potter books from school library" 4211:"The 100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1990–2000" 3853:"Church House Bookshop: Mixing it up with Harry Potter" 3025:"Presentations of the Holy See's document on "New Age"" 1630:

Several Christian writers have compared Rowling to the

1400:

and do the same thing that these people have done with

5762: 4389:"Jacksonville Library Drops Harry Potter Certificates" 3317:"Harry Potter among books burned by priests in Poland" 1936:"Harry Potter and Zionism, the Untold Story (Updated)" 477:

series should be considered in the same light as some

4132:"Harry Potter could teach adults how to grow up, too" 3158: 3101:"Devil in the detail: Vatican exorcises Harry Potter" 2057:"Harry Potter and the Fire breathing Fundamentalists" 1126:

In 2003, Billy Ray and Mary Nell Counts, a couple in

132:

Criticism has taken two main forms: allegations that

4720: 4493:"Judge Smites Harry Potter Restrictions in Arkansas" 4182:"Harry Potter Tops ALA's Most-Challenged Books List" 4157:"Harry Potter's Israel launch pits wizard vs rabbis" 3225:"Vatican slams Harry Potter as 'wrong kind of hero'" 3152: 2780:

Frank Newport and Joseph Carroll (2 December 2005).

1839:

The Mystery of Harry Potter: A Catholic Family Guide

1279:

In response to the criticism that the books promote

822:

refused to allow his church to be filmed as part of

5732:"Christian Themes Abound in the Harry Potter books" 2170: 1063:However, the ALA notes that overall, opposition to 252:, a Christian video company largely known for its 246:

separation of church and state in the United States

187:, an American Evangelical Christian group based in 5891:"REASSESSMENTS: Dumbledore comes out in the world" 5459: 5060:"Harry Potter Books to Blame for School Shootings" 4261:American Library Association (21 September 2006). 3296:"A fair world built on Man's transcendent dignity" 2827: 2661:"Harry Potter Sparks Rise in Satanism in Children" 2450:Hallett, Cynthia J.; Huey, Peggy J., eds. (2012). 2257: 1994: 1850: 1075: 691:) authorities released a statement denouncing the 6026: 4876: 4084:. S.l.s.n.: Amazon Distribution. pp. 40–44. 2951:"Harry Potter vs the Muggles, Myth Magic and Joy" 2607:"Harry Potter, Narnia, and the Lord of the Rings" 2541: 2513: 1206: 655:as one of the ten best family films of 2004, and 285:text that made similar allegations to the video: 7382: 6831:Fantastic Beasts: Cases From the Wizarding World 6725:Creator: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets 5036: 4746: 4561:"Russian Prosecutor: Harry Potter Isn't Satanic" 3698:"Спикер РПЦ не увидел бесовщины в Гарри Поттере" 3382: 3222: 2544:"Matters of Opinion: The Perils of Harry Potter" 2346: 1436:'s Lindy Beam comments, "The spiritual fault of 1390:to find what they want to find. You can pick up 1330:books and are not sought by Wiccans. They are a 1020:The decision to release the final volume of the 5678:. Published: 2007-08-06 Vol. 150 Iss. 6 p. 12. 4416: 3266: 2830:A Universal History of the Destruction of Books 2782:"Another Look at Evangelicals in America Today" 2232:"Time Person of the Year Runner Up: JK Rowling" 1299:promoting Wicca—are not part of Wiccan belief. 885:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 6915:Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure 5920:"Harry Potter author JK Rowling pens new tale" 5629: 5318: 5316: 5314: 4669:. Associated Press. 2007-05-29. Archived from 4129: 3906:Meridian Magazine – In Defense of Harry Potter 3815:. Durham Cathedral. 2005-03-19. Archived from 2022:"Fantasia: The Gospel According to C.S. Lewis" 1452:for their determinedly non-religious outlook. 616:, as well as African tribal masks on April 1, 6012: 5729: 5372: 5353: 5351: 5349: 5032: 5030: 4974: 4972: 3510: 3290: 2342: 2340: 2141: 1677:"I adored when I was a child," Rowling told 1660:] Weasley), and ascends in triumph. It's 1556: 1548: 944:, the series is popular and published by the 658:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 7421:Religious controversies in the United States 7110:Hermione Granger and the Quarter Life Crisis 6166:Hogwarts: An Incomplete and Unreliable Guide 5971: 5834: 5832: 5577:"Some Random Facts About The Weasley Family" 5405:"J.K. Rowling talks about Christian Imagery" 4846: 4716: 4714: 3664: 3652: 3640: 3628: 3616: 3247: 3192: 3054:"Catholic church stands up for Harry Potter" 3019: 2948: 2763:Even Adults Familiar with Harry Potter Books 2734: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2054: 642:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 30:are based on claims that the novels contain 7078:Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality 5863: 5549: 5402: 5322: 5311: 5237: 5214:"Success of Harry Potter bowls author over" 5194: 5192: 4661: 4659: 4232: 4230: 3591: 3472:"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix" 3272: 2863:What's A Christian to Do with Harry Potter? 2634: 2449: 2166: 2164: 1625: 843:also allowed its use for two of the films. 729:printed a front-page interview with bishop 395:What's a Christian to Do with Harry Potter? 380:While some evangelical Christians consider 6019: 6005: 5604: 5375:"Magical experience for Harry Potter fans" 5346: 5027: 4969: 4588: 4555: 4553: 4508:The district court's opinion can be found 4002:"Iran calls Harry Potter a 'Zionist plot'" 3534: 3434:"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban" 3128:"Don't count pope among Harry Potter fans" 2384:(2d ed.). Routledge. pp. 33–37. 2351:(2d ed.). Routledge. pp. 15–17. 2337: 2205:"Church: Harry Potter film a font of evil" 2137: 2135: 2116: 2114: 2083: 2081: 2079: 2077: 514:in 2005, Fleetwood, then serving with the 377:because the books "encourage witchcraft." 5829: 5758: 5756: 5088:"Harry Potter and the Christian Cauldron" 4776: 4711: 4451:"Back to School with the Religious Right" 3839:Archbishop Of Canterbury New Year Message 3415:"Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets" 3125: 2219: 2199: 2197: 2087: 1817:, concluding that "It's possible to read 1269: 1211:In 2000, Carol Rookwood, headmistress of 714:, had been cast to portray the character 592:In Poland, priests from northern city of 516:Council of European Episcopal Conferences 390:cuts the Potter books up with scissors." 5972:Юренко, Юрий; Юренко, Анастасия (2020). 5866:"Outing Dumbledore sparks fierce debate" 5189: 5165: 5143: 5082: 5080: 5057: 4693:"Ga. Judge: Keep Potter Books in School" 4684: 4656: 4529:"Fayetteville Rethinks Restricted Reads" 4303: 4299: 4297: 4227: 4079: 3243: 3241: 2304: 2161: 2050: 2048: 2046: 2044: 1973:"Opinion Roundup: Positive About Potter" 1905: 1903: 1841:, author Nancy Carpentier Brown writes: 1790:begins with a pair of epigraphs, one by 1670:'s full name is Ginevra, not Virginia.) 1342:Regardless, statements such as those in 946:Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance 856:Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone 652:Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban 6380:Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them 6129:Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them 5952: 5696:"PotterCast 115: Those Deathly Hallows" 4627:. The Associated Press. 3 October 2006. 4550: 4480:Harry Potter and the Cedarville Censors 3923: 3873:"Finding faith in Harry Potter's magic" 3392:"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone" 2996: 2918: 2888: 2858: 2571: 2379: 2132: 2111: 2074: 2013: 1990: 1988: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1326:are unrelated to the Witchcraft in the 7383: 7085:Hogwarts School of Prayer and Miracles 5753: 5574: 4945: 4901: 4840: 4445: 4443: 4306:"Christian Censorship of Harry Potter" 3760: 3491:"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows" 3159:Fr. Roderick Vonhögen (14 July 2005). 3098: 2454:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 100–3. 2412: 2331: 2255: 2194: 2019: 1338:Occult vs. fantasy and fairytale magic 1096:In 2000, The Public Library system of 547:Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince 540:praised the moral stance of the sixth 511:Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince 7406:Religious controversies in literature 6534: 6000: 5955:Critical Perspectives on Harry Potter 5357: 5294: 5077: 4978: 4807:"Catholic School Bans Harry Potter", 4690: 4637: 4294: 4056:"Some don't find 'Potter' bewitching" 3453:"Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" 3238: 3004:Critical perspectives on Harry Potter 2834:. New York: Atlas & Co. pp. 2574:"Harry Potter: Witchcraft Repackaged" 2477: 2382:Critical Perspectives on Harry Potter 2349:Critical Perspectives on Harry Potter 2041: 1970: 1928: 1900: 1855:On 19 October 2007, Rowling spoke at 1506: 763:, confessor of the Orthodox youth of 612:and one about the controversial guru 199:has been the subject of at least six 6659:20th Anniversary: Return to Hogwarts 5770:. Our Sunday Visitor. Archived from 5457: 4749:"Harry's Harshest Critic Speaks Out" 4278:"Top 10 Most Challenged Books Lists" 4104: 2895:(2002, Westminster John Knox Press)" 2893:The Gospel according to Harry Potter 2825: 2492: 2260:Witchcraft Myths in American Culture 2171:Clive Leviev-Sawyer (28 June 2004). 2122:"Georgia mom seeks Harry Potter ban" 1985: 1957: 1773:The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe 1726:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows 1459:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows 1196:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston 1026:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows 998:debated whether Harry Potter had a " 954:called the series "a billion-dollar 879: 813: 399:The Gospel According to Harry Potter 232:Some Christians have suggested that 116:also campaigned against the series. 94:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows 6885:The Wizarding World of Harry Potter 5826:(New York) Pub: 2007-08-13, p. A35. 4440: 3948: 3926:"Harry Potter: Facts about Fiction" 3126:Rosenthal, Elisabeth (2005-07-16). 2480:"Harry Potter expelled from school" 2020:Nelson, Michael (31 January 2002). 1293:Harry Potter: Witchcraft Repackaged 1187:has inspired her to a new calling. 1114:Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire 748:spell "is as if you are praying to 722:Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire 671: 661:as one of the best movies of 2010. 504:Cardinal Ratzinger, the later pope 463:then serving as an official of the 455:In 2003, Peter Fleetwood, a priest 264:Harry Potter: Witchcraft Repackaged 13: 7322:The Magical Worlds of Harry Potter 7271:List of organisms named after the 7215:Skulduggery Pleasant: Resurrection 5664:. Scholastic.com. 16 October 2000. 4906:. Evening Standard. Archived from 4282:Advocacy, Legislation & Issues 3836:Carey, George (31 December 2001). 3788:"Filming Locations – Harry Potter" 2760:Jones, Jeffrey M. (13 July 2000). 1226:, New Zealand placed a ban on the 1039: 566:, has occasionally written on the 14: 7432: 5926:. 1 November 2007. Archived from 5472:from the original on 15 July 2011 5461:"The woman behind the boy wizard" 3790:. British Council. Archived from 3567:"Ten Best List for the Year 2010" 3542:"Ten Best List for the Year 2004" 3079:"Pope sticks up for Potter books" 2519: 1766:similarly sacrificing himself in 1050:particularly in the United States 170: 7364: 7355: 7354: 7308:Harry Potter and the Sacred Text 5912: 5883: 5857: 5816: 5807:The Harry Potter Books: Satanic? 5799: 5723: 5709: 5698:. The Leaky Cauldron. March 2001 5688: 5668: 5654: 5638: 5623: 5598: 5568: 5550:Mark Gudgel (16 November 2005). 5543: 5509: 5484: 5451: 5426: 5396: 5366: 5288: 5263: 5231: 5206: 5159: 5137: 5109: 5051: 5002: 4921: 4895: 4877:LIBBY MIDDLEBROOK (2000-08-03). 4870: 4815: 4800: 4770: 4740: 4631: 4613: 4582: 4521: 4360:"Free Speech Victory in Zeeland" 2319:10.1111/j.1542-734X.2006.00272.x 2094:The Atlanta Journal-Constitution 1837:In her appraisal of the series, 1009:, the former chief Rabbi of the 853:gave positive remarks about the 638:Office for Film and Broadcasting 631: 273:In 2001, Evangelical journalist 7416:Religious controversies in film 7365: 7117:Severus Snape and the Marauders 5763:Nancy Carpentier Brown (2007). 5645:"J.K. Rowling Hogwarts And All" 5168:"Who Dies in Harry Potter? God" 4691:Weber, Harry R. (29 May 2007). 4485: 4472: 4410: 4381: 4352: 4323: 4270: 4255: 4174: 4149: 4123: 4098: 4073: 4048: 4019: 3994: 3967: 3942: 3917: 3894: 3865: 3845: 3830: 3805: 3780: 3754: 3729: 3708: 3690: 3670: 3585: 3559: 3359: 3334: 3309: 3284: 3216: 3186: 3119: 3092: 3071: 3046: 3013: 3008:Il vangelo secondo Harry Potter 2972: 2942: 2912: 2882: 2852: 2819: 2794: 2773: 2754: 2728: 2703: 2682: 2653: 2628: 2599: 2535: 2443: 2406: 2373: 2307:The Journal of American Culture 2298: 2249: 1851:Dumbledore's sexual orientation 1076:Challenges in the United States 948:. In July 2007 the daily paper 752:", and that "God hates magic." 678:Holy Metropolis of Didymoteicho 127: 7124:Voldemort: Origins of the Heir 5647:, 17 July 2005. Lev Grossman. 3029:Pontifical Council for Culture 1997:"J. K. Rowling's modern world" 1863:. When asked by a fan whether 1614:JK Rowling: A Year in the Life 1207:Challenges in the Commonwealth 1100:was faced with a lawsuit from 903:teachings. A series of online 869:Mixing it up with Harry Potter 636:For the film adaptations, the 465:Pontifical Council for Culture 430: 240:, and so keeping the books in 106:separation of church and state 1: 6652:Hogwarts Tournament of Houses 5674:Miller, Lisa. "Christ-like". 5538:original article -in Spanish- 4981:"Harry Potter's girl trouble" 4721:The Associated Press (2007). 4130:Jonathan Sacks (2007-08-04). 3761:McLean, Gareth (2002-06-12). 3737:"Harry Potter goes to church" 2495:"The books have been burning" 2482:. Denver Rocky Mountain News. 1894: 1729:. In an August 2007 issue of 1418: 1346:that the books depict actual 1302:Divinatory practices such as 915:, decrying it as un-Islamic. 375:Presidential Medal of Freedom 310:, you can find references to 179:comes from a small number of 6796:Lego Harry Potter: Years 5–7 6789:The Deathly Hallows – Part 2 6782:The Deathly Hallows – Part 1 6775:Lego Harry Potter: Years 1–4 6331:The Deathly Hallows – Part 2 6312:The Deathly Hallows – Part 1 6143:The Tales of Beedle the Bard 5897:. 2007-10-22. Archived from 5651:. Accessed: 12 February 2021 5552:"In Defense of Harry Potter" 5166:Grossman, Lev (2007-07-12). 4638:Madan, Rubina (2006-04-19). 4625:International Herald Tribune 4589:Rick Badie (22 April 2006). 4533:American Library Association 4393:American Library Association 4335:American Library Association 4215:American Library Association 4186:American Library Association 3099:Morris, Linda (2006-01-09). 2667:. 2000-07-26. Archived from 2234:. 2007-12-19. Archived from 2177:Ecumenica News International 2144:"Harry Potter Appeal Update" 1882:Christians critical of both 1258:book in class. A practising 1058:American Library Association 558:Beginning in 2001, Cardinal 553: 493:of the Archdiocese of Rome, 7: 7329:Pollomuhku ja Posityyhtynen 5990:10.37492/ETNO.2020.62.4.006 5458:Hale, Mike (16 July 2009). 4455:People For The American Way 3193:Cindy Wooden (2008-01-15). 3081:. BBC Newsround. 2003-02-03 2978:Editorial (Jan. 10, 2000). 2925:(2007, InterVarsity Press)" 2735:Alison Flood (2009-09-29). 2478:Kurtz, Holly (1999-11-06). 1995:Mika LaVaque-Manty (2005). 1565:congregation while writing 706:In June 2004, soon after a 327:abomination unto the LORD. 20:Religious debates over the 10: 7437: 7391:Harry Potter controversies 7236:Wizard People, Dear Reader 6686:Lego Creator: Harry Potter 6136:Quidditch Through the Ages 5946: 5940:Accessed: 1 November 2007. 5864:Raju Mudhar (2007-10-23). 5238:Jeff Jensen (2000-09-07). 5039:"Harry Potter vs. Gandalf" 4902:Clover, Ben (2007-06-12). 4823:"School bans Harry Potter" 4238:"The History of kidSPEAK!" 3010:, Claudiana, Torino, 2011. 2980:"Why We Like Harry Potter" 2690:"Snopes.com: Harry Potter" 2542:Jacqui Komschlies (2000). 2452:J. K. Rowling Harry Potter 1557:Rowling's personal beliefs 1549:Christianity in the novels 1444:books have been lauded by 1370:asserts that the magic in 1048:for their focus on magic, 981: 961:In August 2007, police in 929:, the perpetrators of the 780:Moscow Theological Academy 450: 189:Colorado Springs, Colorado 7350: 7253: 7192: 7183:A Very Potter Senior Year 7142: 7133: 7101: 7062: 7001: 6971: 6945: 6920:The Escape from Gringotts 6875: 6675: 6668: 6631: 6574: 6421: 6408:The Secrets of Dumbledore 6394:The Crimes of Grindelwald 6357: 6200: 6193: 6152: 6120: 6060: 6053: 6040: 5895:The Sydney Morning Herald 5632:The Sydney Morning Herald 4747:Sharon Swanepoel (2007). 4565:American Libraries Online 4107:"Is Harry Potter Jewish?" 4060:The Philadelphia Inquirer 3371:, HuffPost, April 1, 2019 3223:Katherine T Phan (2008). 3106:The Sydney Morning Herald 2865:(2000, WaterBrook Press)" 1679:The Sydney Morning Herald 969:discovered and defused a 727:Bulgarian Orthodox Church 587: 518:, gave an interview with 373:" had denied Rowling the 258:release, also released a 236:promotes the religion of 175:Much of the criticism of 114:Orthodox Church of Greece 110:Bulgarian Orthodox Church 7315:The Harry Potter Lexicon 7261:Influences and analogues 6910:Flight of the Hippogriff 6761:The Order of the Phoenix 6284:The Order of the Phoenix 6097:The Order of the Phoenix 5809:in Barbara Candle (ed.) 5607:"Deconstructing Rowling" 5092:The Rutherford Institute 4417:Tess Kalinowski (2006). 4105:Last, By Jeremy (2005). 3665:Юренко & Юренко 2020 3653:Юренко & Юренко 2020 3641:Юренко & Юренко 2020 3629:Юренко & Юренко 2020 3617:Юренко & Юренко 2020 3518:"Archived Movie Reviews" 1712:Christian allegories in 1634:, a group that included 1626:Rowling and the Inklings 1490:The Chronicles of Narnia 1274: 1192:Wakefield, Massachusetts 1157:, attempted to have the 894: 889:Brigham Young University 848:Archbishop of Canterbury 461:Archdiocese of Liverpool 297:The Chronicles of Narnia 6803:Harry Potter for Kinect 6747:The Prisoner of Azkaban 6739:The Philosopher's Stone 6693:The Philosopher's Stone 6639:Wizarding World Digital 6481:Fred and George Weasley 6256:The Prisoner of Azkaban 6223:The Philosopher's Stone 6083:The Prisoner of Azkaban 6069:The Philosopher's Stone 5736:The Dallas Morning News 4482:, McFarland Press, 2019 4031:Deutsche Presse Agentur 2826:Baez, Fernando (2008). 2256:Gibson, Marion (2007). 1755:The Dallas Morning News 1011:Commonwealth of Nations 931:Boston Marathon bombing 757:Russian Orthodox Church 720:the film adaptation of 525:The Vatican newspaper, 119:Religious responses to 6937:Movie Magic Experience 6718:The Chamber of Secrets 6526:List of all characters 6242:The Chamber of Secrets 6076:The Chamber of Secrets 5730:Jeffrey Weiss (2007). 5523:. 2008. Archived from 5373:Karen Lindell (2007). 5037:Stephen D. Greydanus. 5014:religioustolerance.org 4979:Schoeffer, Christine. 4957:religioustolerance.org 4933:religioustolerance.org 4883:The New Zealand Herald 4753:The Loganville Tribune 4699:. The Associated Press 4567:. 2003. Archived from 4535:. 2005. Archived from 4395:. 2000. Archived from 4366:. 1999. Archived from 4240:. 2001. Archived from 4188:. 2000. Archived from 4082:Harry Potter and Torah 4080:Krulwich, Dov (2006). 4033:. 2007. Archived from 3911:April 3, 2013, at the 3879:. 2007. Archived from 3298:. London: Times Online 2613:. 2006. Archived from 2211:. 2003. Archived from 2142:Laura Mallory (2007). 1942:. 2007. Archived from 1877: 1848: 1610: 1583: 1522: 1319:religioustolerance.org 1270:Responses to criticism 1237:Durham Region, Ontario 570:series in his regular 329: 203:in the U.S. In 2002, 181:evangelical Christians 7155:A Very Potter Musical 7145:A Very Potter Musical 6925:The Forbidden Journey 6768:The Half-Blood Prince 6298:The Half-Blood Prince 6104:The Half-Blood Prince 5145:Hitchens, Christopher 4847:Paul Vallely (2000). 4337:. 199. Archived from 3877:Diocese of Manchester 3248:Nick Squires (2009). 3199:Catholic News Service 2390:10.4324/9780203892817 2357:10.4324/9780203892817 2274:10.4324/9780203941980 2055:Jerry Bowyer (2007). 2027:The American Prospect 1869: 1843: 1605: 1578: 1540:In a conversation on 1517: 1500:The Lord of the Rings 1404:; it is ridiculous." 1344:Witchcraft Repackaged 1098:Jacksonville, Florida 996:University of Reading 818:In 2000, the Dean of 800:Harry Potter universe 324: 303:The Lord of the Rings 112:and a diocese of the 78:, or to the works of 7169:A Very Potter Sequel 6547:Order of the Phoenix 5403:Shawn Adler (2007). 5323:Shawn Adler (2007). 5245:Entertainment Weekly 4809:thebostonchannel.com 3592:Holly Meyer (2019). 3278:The Sunday Telegraph 3227:. christiantoday.com 3060:. London. 2003-02-04 2955:Cornerstone Magazine 2611:REviewers' Bookwatch 2576:. Chick Publications 2572:Matrisciana, Caryl. 2524:. Chick Publications 2238:on December 21, 2007 1915:The Associated Press 1805:The Libation Bearers 1737:The Leaky Cauldron's 1530:in 2000. "I'm not." 1527:Entertainment Weekly 1463:Christopher Hitchens 1167:Christian missionary 1136:district court judge 1128:Cedarville, Arkansas 907:have been logged by 832:Gloucester Cathedral 820:Canterbury Cathedral 666:Nashville, Tennessee 646:Episcopal Conference 622:Acts of the Apostles 577:The Sunday Telegraph 564:Archbishop of Sydney 538:L'Osservatore Romano 528:L'Osservatore Romano 7401:History of Satanism 7071:All the Young Dudes 7034:Mischief Management 6866:Quidditch Champions 6732:Quidditch World Cup 6506:Bellatrix Lestrange 6111:The Deathly Hallows 5716:1 Corinthians 15:26 5605:Dave Kopel (2003). 5415:on October 18, 2007 5379:Ventura County Star 5335:on October 18, 2007 5297:The Washington Post 5200:Harry Potter and Me 5149:"The Boy Who Lived" 4697:The Washington Post 4673:on October 22, 2007 4644:Gwinnett Daily Post 4595:The Atlanta Journal 4429:on October 22, 2007 3904:; for Holland, see 3165:CatholicInsider.com 2522:"The Nervous Witch" 2268:. pp. 188–90. 2063:on October 23, 2007 1873:Gellert Grindelwald 1561:Rowling attended a 1535:Harry Potter and Me 1515:in 1999, she said, 1434:Focus on the Family 1264:Employment Tribunal 1155:Loganville, Georgia 990:have described the 791:Demetrius (Pershin) 650:film adaptation of 626:Book of Deuteronomy 346:satirical newspaper 185:Focus on the Family 7222:Potter Puppet Pals 7029:The Leaky Cauldron 6958:A History of Magic 6754:The Goblet of Fire 6576:Fictional universe 6476:Neville Longbottom 6466:Minerva McGonagall 6270:The Goblet of Fire 6090:The Goblet of Fire 5924:couriermail.com.au 5844:The Leaky Cauldron 5793:2013-09-08 at the 5765:"The Last Chapter" 5719:King James Version 5466:The New York Times 5438:The Leaky Cauldron 5202:. BBC. 2001-12-28. 5153:The New York Times 4783:Wakefield Observer 4777:Gary Band (2008). 4515:2009-02-25 at the 4364:kidspeakonline.org 3813:"Sermon: Cuthbert" 3763:"Hogwarts and all" 3667:, p. 154-155. 3643:, p. 151—152. 3631:, p. 147—148. 3619:, p. 146—147. 3573:on 13 January 2012 3132:The New York Times 2991:Christianity Today 2985:2007-09-27 at the 2949:Mike Hertenstein. 2715:Truthorfiction.com 2548:Christianity Today 2493:Schwartz, Daniel. 2334:, pp. 192–93. 2088:Ben Smith (2007). 1663:Pilgrim's Progress 1652:Chamber of Secrets 1563:Church of Scotland 1507:Rowling's response 1454:Mika LaVaque-Manty 1409:Massimo Introvigne 1364:Christianity Today 1121:York, Pennsylvania 1007:Sir Jonathan Sacks 863:In June 2007, the 837:Gloucester Citizen 808:Russian folk tales 712:Stanislav Ianevski 418:Christianity Today 255:Clinton Chronicles 210:Christianity Today 205:Chick Publications 7411:Modern witchcraft 7378: 7377: 7290:Religious debates 7249: 7248: 7245: 7244: 7011:A Celebration of 6997: 6996: 6988:Trading Card Game 6570: 6569: 6562:Ministry of Magic 6552:Dumbledore's Army 6417: 6416: 6189: 6188: 5556:Relevant Magazine 5220:. 21 October 1999 5122:Zenit News Agency 2845:978-1-934633-01-4 2635:Belinda Elliott. 2461:978-0-333-69345-2 2399:978-1-135-89154-1 2366:978-1-135-89154-1 2283:978-0-415-97977-1 2128:. 4 October 2006. 1940:Kamangir (Archer) 1819:Lord of the Rings 1704:Lord of the Rings 1573:The Vancouver Sun 1397:A Christmas Carol 1216:Church of England 1082:Zeeland, Michigan 1005:" (Jewish soul). 927:Dzhokhar Tsarnaev 880:Latter-Day Saints 865:Church of England 814:Church of England 424:Italian Methodist 7428: 7368: 7367: 7358: 7357: 7301:Harry, A History 7208:Muddle Earth Too 7140: 7139: 7060: 7059: 6930:Hogwarts Express 6905:Dragon Challenge 6838:Hogwarts Mystery 6705:Game Boy Advance 6673: 6672: 6645:The Cursed Child 6532: 6531: 6511:Dolores Umbridge 6451:Albus Dumbledore 6441:Hermione Granger 6360:Fantastic Beasts 6198: 6197: 6058: 6057: 6021: 6014: 6007: 5998: 5997: 5993: 5968: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5916: 5910: 5909: 5907: 5906: 5887: 5881: 5880: 5878: 5877: 5861: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5851: 5836: 5827: 5820: 5814: 5803: 5797: 5785: 5783: 5782: 5776: 5769: 5760: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5747: 5738:. 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Archived from 2856: 2850: 2849: 2833: 2823: 2817: 2816: 2814: 2813: 2798: 2792: 2791: 2789: 2788: 2777: 2771: 2758: 2752: 2751: 2749: 2748: 2732: 2726: 2725: 2723: 2722: 2707: 2701: 2700: 2698: 2697: 2686: 2680: 2679: 2677: 2676: 2671:on 26 March 2010 2657: 2651: 2650: 2648: 2647: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2622: 2603: 2597: 2594: 2585: 2584: 2582: 2581: 2569: 2563: 2562: 2560: 2559: 2550:. Archived from 2539: 2533: 2532: 2530: 2529: 2517: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2506: 2490: 2484: 2483: 2475: 2466: 2465: 2447: 2441: 2440: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2377: 2371: 2370: 2344: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2302: 2296: 2295: 2263: 2253: 2247: 2246: 2244: 2243: 2228: 2217: 2216: 2215:on 4 March 2003. 2201: 2192: 2191: 2189: 2188: 2179:. Archived from 2168: 2159: 2158: 2156: 2155: 2146:. Archived from 2139: 2130: 2129: 2118: 2109: 2108: 2106: 2105: 2096:. Archived from 2085: 2072: 2071: 2069: 2068: 2059:. Archived from 2052: 2039: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2017: 2011: 2010: 2008: 2007: 1992: 1983: 1982: 1980: 1979: 1968: 1955: 1954: 1952: 1951: 1932: 1926: 1925: 1923: 1922: 1907: 1865:Albus Dumbledore 1750:Steve Vander Ark 1644:Charles Williams 1640:J. R. R. Tolkien 1520:to be a witch." 1495:J. R. R. Tolkien 1356:J. R. R. Tolkien 1218:Aided School in 1213:St Mary's Island 1148: 1104:Christian group 841:Durham Cathedral 804:Vladimir Legoyda 777: 739: 708:native Bulgarian 686: 672:Eastern Orthodox 427:and Classical). 268:demon possession 228: 146: 84:J. R. R. Tolkien 51:Eastern Orthodox 7436: 7435: 7431: 7430: 7429: 7427: 7426: 7425: 7381: 7380: 7379: 7374: 7346: 7241: 7188: 7129: 7097: 7058: 6993: 6967: 6941: 6871: 6859:Hogwarts Legacy 6824:Lego Dimensions 6817:Book of Potions 6664: 6627: 6566: 6530: 6413: 6363: 6353: 6206: 6185: 6148: 6116: 6049: 6045:Wizarding World 6036: 6025: 5984:(62): 142–166. 5965: 5949: 5944: 5933: 5931: 5918: 5917: 5913: 5904: 5902: 5889: 5888: 5884: 5875: 5873: 5862: 5858: 5849: 5847: 5838: 5837: 5830: 5821: 5817: 5804: 5800: 5795:Wayback Machine 5780: 5778: 5774: 5767: 5761: 5754: 5745: 5743: 5728: 5724: 5714: 5710: 5701: 5699: 5694: 5693: 5689: 5673: 5669: 5660: 5659: 5655: 5643: 5639: 5628: 5624: 5615: 5613: 5611:National Review 5603: 5599: 5590: 5588: 5573: 5569: 5560: 5558: 5548: 5544: 5530: 5528: 5515: 5514: 5510: 5501: 5499: 5490: 5489: 5485: 5475: 5473: 5456: 5452: 5443: 5441: 5432: 5431: 5427: 5418: 5416: 5401: 5397: 5388: 5386: 5371: 5367: 5356: 5347: 5338: 5336: 5321: 5312: 5299:. p. C01. 5293: 5289: 5280: 5278: 5275:theguardian.com 5269: 5268: 5264: 5255: 5253: 5236: 5232: 5223: 5221: 5212: 5211: 5207: 5198: 5197: 5190: 5181: 5179: 5164: 5160: 5142: 5138: 5129: 5127: 5115: 5114: 5110: 5101: 5099: 5086: 5085: 5078: 5069: 5067: 5056: 5052: 5043: 5041: 5035: 5028: 5019: 5017: 5008: 5007: 5003: 4994: 4992: 4977: 4970: 4961: 4959: 4951: 4950: 4946: 4937: 4935: 4927: 4926: 4922: 4913: 4911: 4900: 4896: 4887: 4885: 4875: 4871: 4862: 4860: 4853:The Independent 4845: 4841: 4832: 4830: 4821: 4820: 4816: 4806: 4805: 4801: 4792: 4790: 4775: 4771: 4762: 4760: 4745: 4741: 4732: 4730: 4719: 4712: 4702: 4700: 4689: 4685: 4676: 4674: 4665: 4664: 4657: 4648: 4646: 4636: 4632: 4619: 4618: 4614: 4604: 4602: 4601:on 30 July 2012 4587: 4583: 4574: 4572: 4559: 4558: 4551: 4542: 4540: 4527: 4526: 4522: 4517:Wayback Machine 4502: 4500: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4477: 4473: 4464: 4462: 4449: 4448: 4441: 4432: 4430: 4415: 4411: 4402: 4400: 4387: 4386: 4382: 4373: 4371: 4358: 4357: 4353: 4344: 4342: 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3390: 3387: 3383: 3374: 3372: 3365: 3364: 3360: 3351: 3349: 3348:, April 1, 2019 3340: 3339: 3335: 3326: 3324: 3323:, April 1, 2019 3315: 3314: 3310: 3301: 3299: 3289: 3285: 3271: 3267: 3258: 3256: 3254:The Independent 3246: 3239: 3230: 3228: 3221: 3217: 3208: 3206: 3191: 3187: 3178: 3176: 3157: 3153: 3144: 3142: 3124: 3120: 3111: 3109: 3097: 3093: 3084: 3082: 3077: 3076: 3072: 3063: 3061: 3052: 3051: 3047: 3038: 3036: 3018: 3014: 3001: 2997: 2987:Wayback Machine 2977: 2973: 2964: 2962: 2947: 2943: 2934: 2932: 2917: 2913: 2904: 2902: 2887: 2883: 2874: 2872: 2857: 2853: 2846: 2824: 2820: 2811: 2809: 2806:The Gallup Poll 2800: 2799: 2795: 2786: 2784: 2778: 2774: 2768:The Gallup Poll 2759: 2755: 2746: 2744: 2733: 2729: 2720: 2718: 2709: 2708: 2704: 2695: 2693: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2674: 2672: 2659: 2658: 2654: 2645: 2643: 2633: 2629: 2620: 2618: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2595: 2588: 2579: 2577: 2570: 2566: 2557: 2555: 2540: 2536: 2527: 2525: 2520:Chick, Jack T. 2518: 2514: 2504: 2502: 2491: 2487: 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7282: 7277: 7268: 7266:Legal disputes 7263: 7257: 7255: 7251: 7250: 7247: 7246: 7243: 7242: 7240: 7239: 7232: 7225: 7218: 7211: 7204: 7196: 7194: 7190: 7189: 7187: 7186: 7179: 7178: 7177: 7165: 7164: 7163: 7150: 7148: 7137: 7131: 7130: 7128: 7127: 7120: 7113: 7105: 7103: 7099: 7098: 7096: 7095: 7088: 7081: 7074: 7066: 7064: 7057: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7024:Fandom Forward 7021: 7016: 7007: 7005: 6999: 6998: 6995: 6994: 6992: 6991: 6984: 6975: 6973: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6953:The Exhibition 6949: 6947: 6943: 6942: 6940: 6939: 6934: 6933: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6881: 6879: 6873: 6872: 6870: 6869: 6862: 6855: 6852:Magic Awakened 6848: 6841: 6834: 6827: 6820: 6813: 6810:Book of Spells 6806: 6799: 6792: 6785: 6778: 6771: 6764: 6757: 6750: 6743: 6735: 6728: 6721: 6714: 6713: 6712: 6710:Game Boy Color 6707: 6702: 6689: 6681: 6679: 6670: 6669:Inspired media 6666: 6665: 6663: 6662: 6655: 6648: 6641: 6635: 6633: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6614: 6613: 6608: 6598: 6597: 6596: 6591: 6580: 6578: 6572: 6571: 6568: 6567: 6565: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6542:Hogwarts staff 6538: 6536: 6529: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6501:Cedric Diggory 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6446:Lord Voldemort 6443: 6438: 6433: 6427: 6425: 6419: 6418: 6415: 6414: 6412: 6411: 6404: 6403: 6402: 6390: 6389: 6388: 6375: 6373: 6355: 6354: 6352: 6351: 6350: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6327: 6326: 6325: 6320: 6308: 6307: 6306: 6294: 6293: 6292: 6280: 6279: 6278: 6266: 6265: 6264: 6252: 6251: 6250: 6238: 6237: 6236: 6233:Hedwig's Theme 6218: 6216: 6195: 6191: 6190: 6187: 6186: 6184: 6183: 6176: 6169: 6162: 6156: 6154: 6150: 6149: 6147: 6146: 6139: 6132: 6124: 6122: 6118: 6117: 6115: 6114: 6107: 6100: 6093: 6086: 6079: 6072: 6064: 6062: 6055: 6051: 6050: 6048: 6047: 6041: 6038: 6037: 6024: 6023: 6016: 6009: 6001: 5995: 5994: 5980:(in Russian). 5969: 5963: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5942: 5930:on 27 May 2009 5911: 5882: 5856: 5828: 5815: 5798: 5752: 5722: 5708: 5687: 5667: 5653: 5637: 5622: 5597: 5567: 5542: 5521:Earthtimes.org 5508: 5483: 5450: 5425: 5395: 5365: 5345: 5310: 5287: 5262: 5240:"'Fire' Storm" 5230: 5205: 5188: 5158: 5136: 5108: 5076: 5058:Austin Cline. 5050: 5026: 5001: 4968: 4944: 4920: 4894: 4869: 4839: 4814: 4799: 4769: 4739: 4710: 4683: 4655: 4630: 4612: 4581: 4549: 4520: 4484: 4471: 4439: 4409: 4380: 4351: 4322: 4304:Austin Cline. 4293: 4269: 4254: 4226: 4202: 4173: 4148: 4122: 4111:Israel Culture 4097: 4090: 4072: 4047: 4018: 3993: 3980:The Australian 3966: 3941: 3916: 3893: 3864: 3844: 3829: 3804: 3779: 3753: 3728: 3707: 3689: 3669: 3657: 3655:, p. 151. 3645: 3633: 3621: 3606: 3584: 3558: 3533: 3509: 3507: 3506: 3487: 3468: 3449: 3430: 3411: 3381: 3358: 3333: 3308: 3294:(2005-04-09). 3283: 3265: 3237: 3215: 3185: 3151: 3118: 3091: 3070: 3045: 3012: 2995: 2971: 2941: 2911: 2881: 2851: 2844: 2818: 2793: 2772: 2753: 2727: 2702: 2681: 2652: 2627: 2598: 2586: 2564: 2534: 2512: 2485: 2467: 2460: 2442: 2405: 2398: 2372: 2365: 2336: 2324: 2297: 2282: 2248: 2218: 2193: 2160: 2131: 2110: 2073: 2040: 2012: 1984: 1956: 1927: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1852: 1849: 1716: 1710: 1627: 1624: 1558: 1555: 1550: 1547: 1508: 1505: 1420: 1417: 1368:Charles Colson 1339: 1336: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1208: 1205: 1201:peanut allergy 1077: 1074: 1041: 1038: 1034:Jewish Sabbath 983: 980: 896: 893: 881: 878: 815: 812: 789:and Hieromonk 761:Andrey Tkachov 673: 670: 633: 630: 589: 586: 555: 552: 452: 449: 432: 429: 367:George W. Bush 344:, an American 281:, published a 275:Richard Abanes 250:Jeremiah Films 242:public schools 172: 171:Evangelicalism 169: 129: 126: 41:. A number of 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7433: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7388: 7386: 7371: 7363: 7361: 7353: 7352: 7349: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7337: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7326: 7324: 7323: 7319: 7317: 7316: 7312: 7310: 7309: 7305: 7303: 7302: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7285:Portkey Games 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7274: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7258: 7256: 7252: 7238: 7237: 7233: 7231: 7230: 7226: 7224: 7223: 7219: 7217: 7216: 7212: 7210: 7209: 7205: 7203: 7202: 7198: 7197: 7195: 7191: 7185: 7184: 7180: 7176: 7173: 7172: 7171: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7159: 7158: 7157: 7156: 7152: 7151: 7149: 7147: 7146: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7132: 7126: 7125: 7121: 7119: 7118: 7114: 7112: 7111: 7107: 7106: 7104: 7100: 7094: 7093: 7089: 7087: 7086: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7075: 7073: 7072: 7068: 7067: 7065: 7061: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7014: 7009: 7008: 7006: 7004: 7000: 6990: 6989: 6985: 6983: 6982: 6977: 6976: 6974: 6970: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6950: 6948: 6944: 6938: 6935: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6887: 6886: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6878: 6874: 6868: 6867: 6863: 6861: 6860: 6856: 6854: 6853: 6849: 6847: 6846: 6845:Wizards Unite 6842: 6840: 6839: 6835: 6833: 6832: 6828: 6826: 6825: 6821: 6819: 6818: 6814: 6812: 6811: 6807: 6805: 6804: 6800: 6798: 6797: 6793: 6791: 6790: 6786: 6784: 6783: 6779: 6777: 6776: 6772: 6770: 6769: 6765: 6763: 6762: 6758: 6756: 6755: 6751: 6749: 6748: 6744: 6742: 6740: 6736: 6734: 6733: 6729: 6727: 6726: 6722: 6720: 6719: 6715: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6697: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6688: 6687: 6683: 6682: 6680: 6678: 6674: 6671: 6667: 6661: 6660: 6656: 6654: 6653: 6649: 6647: 6646: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6636: 6634: 6630: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6603: 6602: 6599: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6586: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6573: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6521:Blaise Zabini 6519: 6517: 6516:Luna Lovegood 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6486:Ginny Weasley 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6461:Rubeus Hagrid 6459: 6457: 6456:Severus Snape 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6428: 6426: 6424: 6420: 6410: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6398: 6397: 6396: 6395: 6391: 6387: 6384: 6383: 6382: 6381: 6377: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6367: 6362: 6361: 6356: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6334: 6333: 6332: 6328: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6315: 6314: 6313: 6309: 6305: 6302: 6301: 6300: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6288: 6287: 6286: 6285: 6281: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6272: 6271: 6267: 6263: 6260: 6259: 6258: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6246: 6245: 6244: 6243: 6239: 6234: 6230: 6227: 6226: 6225: 6224: 6220: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6210: 6205: 6204: 6199: 6196: 6194:Feature films 6192: 6182: 6181: 6177: 6175: 6174: 6170: 6168: 6167: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6157: 6155: 6153:Short stories 6151: 6145: 6144: 6140: 6138: 6137: 6133: 6131: 6130: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6119: 6113: 6112: 6108: 6106: 6105: 6101: 6099: 6098: 6094: 6092: 6091: 6087: 6085: 6084: 6080: 6078: 6077: 6073: 6071: 6070: 6066: 6065: 6063: 6059: 6056: 6052: 6046: 6043: 6042: 6039: 6035: 6034:J. K. Rowling 6031: 6030: 6022: 6017: 6015: 6010: 6008: 6003: 6002: 5999: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5970: 5966: 5964:9780203892817 5960: 5956: 5951: 5950: 5929: 5925: 5921: 5915: 5901:on 2016-01-23 5900: 5896: 5892: 5886: 5871: 5867: 5860: 5845: 5841: 5835: 5833: 5825: 5819: 5812: 5808: 5802: 5796: 5792: 5789: 5777:on 2007-10-13 5773: 5766: 5759: 5757: 5742:on 2007-08-26 5741: 5737: 5733: 5726: 5720: 5717: 5712: 5697: 5691: 5685: 5681: 5677: 5671: 5663: 5657: 5650: 5649:TIME Magazine 5646: 5641: 5633: 5626: 5612: 5608: 5601: 5587:on 2007-06-24 5586: 5582: 5578: 5571: 5557: 5553: 5546: 5539: 5527:on 2009-10-16 5526: 5522: 5518: 5512: 5498:on 2008-08-18 5497: 5493: 5487: 5471: 5467: 5462: 5454: 5439: 5435: 5429: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5399: 5385:on 2007-12-30 5384: 5380: 5376: 5369: 5362:. p. A3. 5361: 5360:Vancouver Sun 5354: 5352: 5350: 5334: 5330: 5326: 5319: 5317: 5315: 5306: 5302: 5298: 5291: 5276: 5272: 5266: 5252:on 2018-09-23 5251: 5247: 5246: 5241: 5234: 5219: 5215: 5209: 5201: 5195: 5193: 5177: 5173: 5172:Time Magazine 5169: 5162: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5140: 5125: 5123: 5118: 5112: 5098:on 2007-06-15 5097: 5093: 5089: 5083: 5081: 5066:on 2007-12-25 5065: 5061: 5054: 5040: 5033: 5031: 5015: 5011: 5005: 4991:on 2006-07-05 4990: 4986: 4982: 4975: 4973: 4958: 4954: 4948: 4934: 4930: 4924: 4910:on 2007-06-11 4909: 4905: 4898: 4884: 4880: 4873: 4859:on 2013-01-25 4858: 4854: 4850: 4843: 4828: 4824: 4818: 4810: 4803: 4789:on 2009-05-27 4788: 4784: 4780: 4773: 4759:on 2007-10-08 4758: 4754: 4750: 4743: 4729:on 2007-12-31 4728: 4724: 4717: 4715: 4698: 4694: 4687: 4672: 4668: 4662: 4660: 4645: 4641: 4634: 4626: 4622: 4616: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4585: 4571:on 2007-12-30 4570: 4566: 4562: 4556: 4554: 4539:on 2007-06-06 4538: 4534: 4530: 4524: 4518: 4514: 4511: 4499:on 2007-03-11 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