36:
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Association of Jews in
Germanyâfor distribution to such Jews as could undertake to leave Germany within two weeks of receiving the permit. Freier took 100 such permits, without permission, and filled in the names of Jewish concentration camp prisoners. These prisoners were released and ultimately reached Palestine. When it became known that Freier had taken the permits without the knowledge of the officers of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany, Freier was informed that she was not allowed to take any more permits, and was ousted from the Zionist leadership in Berlin, including her position as the director of the Youth Aliyah offices.
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372:, who had at her disposal the support, financial and otherwise, of American Jewry. Freier asked Szold to take charge of the teenagers after their arrival in Palestine. Szold initially opposed the plan, finding it unfeasible, but eventually accepted the role offered to her by Freier and thus become the director of Youth Aliyah's Jerusalem office.
339:, Recha Freier was asked by her husband to assist five Jewish teenage boys who were denied professional training and employment due to their Jewish background. After turning first to the Jewish Employment Agency, who could only counsel patience, she conceived the idea that the boys instead could be sent to
383:
Freier remained in Nazi
Germany until the middle of 1940 and then crossed the border into Yugoslavia illegally with the help of professional smugglers. Even after entering Yugoslavia she continued her activities and managed to save 150 youths whose parents had already perished in concentration camps.
387:
When Freier arrived in
Jerusalem, Szold told Freier that there was no room for her in the running of the Youth Aliyah in Palestine. Thus Freier withdrew from her formal role within the Youth Aliyah. In 1943, Freier established the Agricultural Training Center for Israeli children whose aim it was to
395:
Henrietta Szold is often wrongly credited as the founder of the Youth Aliyah. It was only after
Henrietta Szold's death in 1945, when Moshe Kol was at the head of the Youth Aliyah organization (1947-1966), that Freier's achievements in establishing the organization and in saving thousands of German
379:
pogrom, Jews in
Germany of Polish Nationality, were arrested and sent to concentration camps. Freier endeavored to obtain the release of these Jews from the camps. This became possible by making use of permits issued by the Nazi authorities and given to the Jewish representative bodyâthe Reich
351:
The difficulties which Recha Freier faced were immense. Jewish organizations and parents were skeptical about the plan to send children alone to a distant country. In
January 1933, Recha Freier founded in Berlin the Committee for the Assistance of Jewish Youth or Youth Aliyah
327:, Ammud and Zerem were born in 1920, 1923 and 1926 respectively, and their daughter Ma'ayan in 1929. During this time, in addition to her family obligations, Recha Freier worked as a teacher at a German high school in Sofia, and as a writer and folklorist.
417:, the Festival "Testimonium" ("Witness"), designed to support the setting to music the stories of central events in the life of the Jewish people. For this purpose she managed to engage the help of notable composers, both Jewish and non-Jewish, such as
396:
Jewish youth was recognized. This came about after Freier brought a lawsuit against Kol, alleging that her role in establishing the Youth Aliyah movement and in saving the lives of thousands of Jewish youth from Europe, was being purposely ignored.
347:
to Freier. This proved to be the beginning of the Youth Aliyah. "The utter senselessness of Jewish life in the
Diaspora stood palpably before my eyes", she wrote. After that she strove incessantly to save the Jewish youth of Germany.
862:
288:, where she was mocked by her classmates because she wouldn't write on the Sabbath. Her reaction to the humiliation inflicted upon her had a lifelong impact on her and made her become a full-hearted Zionist.
375:
In 1938, Recha Freier worked alongside people such as Aaron
Menschel, director of the Vienna Youth Aliyah office, in an endeavor to save Austrian Jews. In this year too, largely coinciding with the
265:), a French and English teacher, and Menashe Schweitzer (1856â1929), who taught several subjects at a Jewish primary school. She grew up in a music-loving family and learned to play the piano.
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provide a proper education for children from impoverished families; children living in inferior social conditions. This she did by arranging for these children to be brought up in a
343:, where they could be trained as farmers in the Jewish workers' settlements. By the end of 1932, the first group of youth left Berlin with the help of funds donated by
35:
369:
773:
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Recha Freier, through her activities in the Youth Aliyah, saved over 7,000 young Jews who immigrated to
Palestine and were absorbed into the
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for her life's work, her outstanding contribution to the people and State of Israel, in the field of Social
Welfare, Community and Youth.
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In 1958, Freier established the Israel Composer's Fund, and in 1966 she founded, together with the composer
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299:, passed the exams for teachers of religion, and studied as a graduate student of philology in Breslau and
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organization in 1933. The organization saved the lives of 7,000 Jewish children by helping them to leave
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272:: a notice in Norden's city park stated that "Dogs and Jews are forbidden." In 1897 her family moved to
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In 1919 she married Rabbi Dr. Moritz "Moshe" Freier (1889â1969), with whom she moved to
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at the Jewish Community Center in honour of "Recha Freier, the Founder of Youth Aliya".
292:
541:
1984 (in November, posthumously), commemorative plaque affixed by the City Council of
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After a sojourn of several months in Yugoslavia she continued to Palestine in 1941.
797:, ed. I. Schmid-Reiter and A. Cahn, Regensburg: Con Brio Verlag, pp. 311â336.
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but which at that stage received no financial support. Recha Freier contacted the
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863:
Israel Prize for special contribution to society and the State recipients
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187:
16:
German-Israeli writer, teacher, folklorist, philologist and humanitarian
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199:
392:, in workersâ settlements or in family units set up for this purpose.
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249:
Recha Freier was also a poet, musician, teacher and social activist.
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490:. Recognition first came in 1975, when the 83-year-old received an
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774:"Israel Prize Official Site - Recipients in 1981 (in Hebrew)"
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for the idea of "organized transport of youth into kibbutzim"
458:
401:
316:
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for special contribution to society and the State of Israel.
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for her initial idea of "organized transport of youth into
405:
to Palestine and were absorbed into worker's settlements.
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Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to Mandatory Palestine
595:
Let the Children Come: The Early History of Youth Aliyah
268:
Already as a child Recha Schweitzer was confronted with
261:
family. Her parents were Bertha (nĂŠe Levy, 1862â1945 in
818:
in Jerusalem. The notation of the record group is A256.
619:(If ever I saw the light shining, Job 31:26) (1976); V
814:
The personal papers of Recha Freier are kept at the
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Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia
548:
1990, the Recha Freier Educational Center at Kibbutz
579:(lit.: Stories told by female workers), Berlin, 1935
752:
Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia
399:By 1939, Youth Aliyah saved 7,000 youths, who made
323:, where her husband worked as a rabbi. Their sons
823:http://www.berlin-judentum.de/englisch/freier.htm
566:In 2018 an Israeli stamp was issued in her honor.
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789:Hirschberg, Jehoash (2017). "New Operas in the
720:
603:, compilation of texts for the music events: I
452:, written for the "Testimonium" series, 1982),
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559:Kikar Recha Freier, a square in Jerusalem's
203:Memorial plaque for Recha Freier located in
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330:
34:
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514:Recha Freier died in 1984 in Jerusalem.
472:
198:
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115:Social activist, poet, musician, teacher
821:Biography on Berlin-Judentum website -
585:(lit.: On the staircase), Hamburg, 1976
437:and others. She also wrote a number of
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591:(lit.: Window shutters), Hamburg, 1979
441:for Israeli composers. These included
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637:by Mark Kopytman, chamber opera, 1982
625:From the Revealed and From the Hidden
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623:(Spanish Inquisition) (1979); VI
563:neighborhood, is named after her.
280:for a while before attending the
257:Recha Schweitzer was born into a
246:before and during the Holocaust.
853:People from Norden, Lower Saxony
632:Chamber Scenes from the Life of
502:", and in 1981 she received the
447:Chamber Scenes from the Life of
354:Hilfskomitee fĂźr JĂźdische Jugend
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763:Hirschberg (2017), pp. 326-329.
648:List of Israel Prize recipients
356:), which was recognized by the
291:Recha Schweitzer completed her
134:Rabbi Dr. Moritz "Moshe" Freier
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529:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
496:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
176:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
1:
868:Israel Prize women recipients
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335:In 1932, one year before the
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174:Honorary Doctorate from the
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748:"Freier, Recha (1892â1984)"
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571:Published works (selection)
10:
939:
754:. Retrieved 30 June 2017).
923:Burials at Har HaMenuchot
908:Israeli women folklorists
878:Israeli opera librettists
556:is founded in her honour.
364:in Palestine, as well as
319:, and finally in 1925 to
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816:Central Zionist Archives
729:. Jewish Women's Archive
721:Gudrun Maierhof (2009).
518:Awards and commemoration
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415:Roman Haubenstock-Ramati
918:Israeli women educators
466:), and Yitzchak Sadai (
331:Youth Aliyah activities
222:, (October 29, 1892 in
873:Israeli Ashkenazi Jews
577:Arbeiterinnen erzählen
478:
477:Recha Freier (c. 1964)
358:World Zionist Congress
307:Family life and career
208:
196:
634:SĂźsskind von Trimberg
543:Berlin-Charlottenburg
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462:, 1958, based on the
449:SĂźsskind von Trimberg
427:Karlheinz Stockhausen
337:Nazi seizure of power
276:, where she received
205:Berlin-Charlottenburg
202:
191:Recha Freier Square,
190:
883:Israeli philologists
903:Israeli folklorists
898:Israeli women poets
793:and in Israel", in
244:Mandatory Palestine
230:â April 2, 1984 in
888:Women philologists
617:Lucem cum Fulgeret
525:honorary doctorate
492:honorary doctorate
479:
218:: ר×× ×¤×¨××ר) born
209:
197:
913:Israeli educators
368:, the founder of
293:gymnasial studies
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184:
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795:Judaism in Opera
778:
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482:Late recognition
220:Recha Schweitzer
145:Shalhevet Freier
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609:The Middle Ages
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459:Amnon and Tamar
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409:Music and opera
366:Henrietta Szold
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259:Jewish Orthodox
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53:29 October 1892
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723:"Recha Freier"
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423:Mauricio Kagel
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362:labor movement
345:Wilfrid Israel
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278:home-schooling
263:Theresienstadt
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234:) founded the
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65:German Empire
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731:. Retrieved
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613:De Profundis
612:
611:(1971); III
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536:Israel Prize
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270:antisemitism
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240:Nazi Germany
236:Youth Aliyah
219:
212:Recha Freier
211:
210:
169:Israel Prize
151:Zerem Freier
148:Ammud Freier
125:Youth Aliyah
77:(1984-04-02)
75:2 April 1984
23:Recha Freier
843:1984 deaths
838:1892 births
615:(1974); IV
607:(1968); II
601:Testimonium
228:East Frisia
195:, Jerusalem
123:Founder of
94:Nationality
61:East Frisia
832:Categories
733:7 December
659:References
534:1981, the
435:Lukas Foss
253:Early life
49:1892-10-29
605:Jerusalem
527:from the
523:1975, an
500:kibbutzim
494:from the
470:, 1982).
454:Josef Tal
341:Palestine
325:Shalhevet
232:Jerusalem
207:, Germany
83:Jerusalem
29:ר×× ×¤×¨××ר
642:See also
621:Trial 19
554:Tel Aviv
468:Trail 19
439:libretti
370:Hadassah
313:Eschwege
139:Children
784:Sources
627:(1983).
561:Katamon
390:Kibbutz
297:Breslau
274:Silesia
193:Katamon
801:
791:Yishuv
488:Yishuv
321:Berlin
301:Munich
286:Glogau
224:Norden
216:Hebrew
178:(1975)
171:(1981)
162:Awards
131:Spouse
106:Israel
103:
87:Israel
57:Norden
664:Notes
552:near
550:Yakum
510:Death
402:aliya
317:Sofia
282:lycĂŠe
799:ISBN
735:2015
242:for
72:Died
43:Born
295:in
284:in
59:],
834::
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671:^
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315:,
303:.
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737:.
456:(
445:(
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214:(
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47:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
