856:, and Hurchel Jacks of the Texas State Highway Patrol. From the start of the President's tour of Texas, Yarborough considered that he had been slighted by some of the arrangements and so, in the early stages, refused to ride with Johnson, despite repeated pleas by Youngblood. His decision, underpinned by a long-standing feud with Governor Connally, an old friend and erstwhile ally of Johnson, caused embarrassment to both the President and Vice President and drew considerable diversionary attention in the press. According to Johnson, Kennedy considered Yarborough's behavior "an outrage" and there is some evidence of a heated exchange between Kennedy and Johnson the night before Kennedy's death. According to Johnson's biographer
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there." Thurmond and
Yarborough were both 61 years old, but Thurmond was 30 pounds lighter and much fitter. After some light scuffling, both senators removed their suit jackets. Thurmond overpowered Yarborough, whom he managed to bring to the floor. "Tell me to release you, Ralph, and I will," said Thurmond. Yarborough refused. Another senator approached, suggesting that they stop before one of them had a heart attack. Eventually, the fight was broken up by Magnuson, who growled, "Come on, you fellows, let’s break this up." Yarborough said, "I have to yield to the order of my chairman." Thurmond and Yarborough composed themselves and entered the committee chamber.
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864:, Kennedy intervened directly with Yarborough, making clear that, if he valued his friendship, he would ride with Johnson when the party reached Dallas. Then, during the short flight from Fort Worth, Kennedy persuaded Connally to give Yarborough a more prominent role in some of the later functions planned in
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Yarborough was an expert in Texas land law and specialized in prosecuting major oil companies that violated production limits or failed to pay oil royalties to the
Permanent School Fund for drilling on public lands. He earned renown for winning a million dollar judgment against the Mid-Kansas Oil and
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Yarborough was well known for his commitment to science. He favored the creation of the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and in 1957 was on a subcommittee that began the investigation that resulted in NASA's creation. The next year, he voted for the National Aeronautics and Space
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Later, Yarborough arrived, and was blocked from entering. The only southern senator to have voted for the Civil Rights Act, Yarborough joked to
Thurmond, "Come on in, Strom, and help us get a quorum." Thurmond responded, "If I can keep you out, you won’t go in, and if you can drag me in, I’ll stay
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defeated
Yarborough in the Democratic primary, when Yarborough was focusing on an expected second general election campaign against Bush. Bentsen played on voters' fears of societal breakdown and urban riots, made an issue of Yarborough's opposition to the Vietnam War, and called him a political
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who was backed by Daniel. Blakley had been the interim senator from
January to April 1957 but did not run in the special election in which Yarborough defeated Dies and Hutcheson. Instead Blakley was appointed senator again in 1961 and ran in another special election, only to be defeated by the
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In
October 1966, Yarborough introduced Senate Bill 5–3929 to establish a 75,000-acre national park to preserve the remaining natural and undisturbed areas of the Big Thicket in southeast Texas. Due in part to opposition from the lumber industry in the region, as well as vague and disputed
700:, and making aggressive attacks on the Shivers-backed candidate, Yarborough looked to win the runoff, but instead he trailed Daniel by about nine thousand votes. It is believed (by Yarborough, his supporters, and biographer) that the election was stolen because of irregular voting in
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Yarborough advocated more education in science and technology in schools throughout the country. In his biography, he wrote, "NASA helped push ahead progress in technology. The country's schools should be oriented towards developing technology and teaching science."
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carrying
Kennedy and Connally (who was seriously wounded during the attack). In a later interview, Yarborough called the event "the most tragic event of my life." Shortly after Johnson became president, Yarborough telephoned him in conciliatory and supportive terms.
577:, the county seat of which is Austin. Yarborough was elected to a four-year term later the same year. Yarborough's first run for state office resulted in a third-place finish in the Democratic primary for state attorney general in 1938 against the sitting
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and pushed for the petroleum industry to pay a greater share of taxes. Their son, Richard Warren
Yarborough, a lawyer since 1955, died on March 5, 1986, at age 54. Ralph and his wife Opal were survived by three grandchildren and six great-grandchildren.
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was aware that he had the votes in favor of the nomination, but had failed to get the required quorum. Thurmond, aware of
Magnuson's struggles, stationed himself outside of the committee door, physically blocking any entry by later-arriving senators.
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resigned in the spring of 1952 and was elected attorney general that year. He served two two-year terms. Angered at Shivers, Yarborough ran in the gubernatorial primaries in 1952 and 1954 against the conservative Shivers, drawing support from
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resigned from the Senate after winning the 1956 gubernatorial election, and Yarborough won the special election to serve the remainder of Daniel's term. He won election to a full term in 1958 and was reelected again in 1964, defeating
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of Texas". Yarborough left a legacy in the modernization of the state of Texas and achieved political power when Texas had a native son, Lyndon Johnson, in the White House. He was combative with the dominant industries of oil and
911:, bitterly opposed Collins's nomination, based on a speech that Collins made in Thurmond’s home state in which he said that southern leaders’ “harsh and intemperate” language unnecessarily stoked racial unrest. Commerce Chairman
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and that Yarborough really won the runoff by thirty thousand. Nevertheless, Yarborough's runs for governor had raised his stature and popularity in the state as he had been campaigning for six straight years for office.
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veterans. Yarborough's first major legislative victory was the successful passage of the National Defense Education Act of 1958, which began federal funding of loans and grants to universities and their students.
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1281:"To Pass H.R. 2516, A Bill to Prohibit Discrimination in Sale or Rental of Housing, and to Prohibit Racially Motivated Interference with a Person Exercising His Civil Rights, and for Other Purposes"
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Gas Company for oil royalties, the second largest judgment ever in Texas at the time. After Allred was elected governor, he appointed Yarborough judge of the 53rd Judicial District serving
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Bedell-Smith's account suggests that Kennedy's aide Larry O'Brien spoke to Yarborough, while Congressman Albert Thomas persuaded Connally to include Yarborough in the programme for Austin
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trying to buy a Senate seat. It has since been learned that then-Governor Connally was covertly aiding Bush, against President Johnson's wishes, by teaching Democrats the techniques of
676:. Shivers portrayed Yarborough as an integrationist supported by communists and unions. The 1954 election was particularly nasty in its race-baiting by Shivers as it was the year that
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and Martin Springs. He spent one year working and studying foreign trade and international relations in Europe, mostly as assistant secretary for the American Chamber of Commerce in
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of votes to win. Ironically, his many runs for governor made him the best positioned candidate. Yarborough won the special election with 38 percent of the vote to join fellow Texan
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Yarborough was known as "Smilin' Ralph" and used the slogan "Let's put the jam on the lower shelf so the little people can reach it" in his campaigns. He staunchly supported the "
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in 1935. He also served as a presiding judge for the Third Administrative Judicial District of Texas. From 1947 to 1951 he was a member of the Texas Board of Law Examiners.
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opposing integration and supported national Democratic goals of more funding for health care, education, and the environment. Himself a veteran, he worked to expand the
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as a national seashore. While serving in the senate he was a member of the Interparliamentary Union Group from 1961 to 1970 and a member of the board of directors of
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served as Yarborough's campaign manager and chief of staff. In office, Ralph Yarborough was a very different kind of Southern senator. He did not support the
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and for his vote in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Yarborough denounced Bush as an extremist to the right of that year's GOP presidential nominee,
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1137:). Yarborough is remembered as the acknowledged "patron saint of Texas liberals". Supporters and former aides who have since risen to prominence include
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antique. Bentsen said, "It would be nice if Ralph Yarborough would vote for his state every once in a while." He defeated Bush in the general election.
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From 1973 to 1974, Yarborough served as a member of the Constitutional Revision Commission of Texas. From 1983 to 1987, he served as a member of the
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Yarborough was urged to run again for state attorney general in 1952, and he planned to do so until he received a personal affront from Governor
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In any event, Kennedy appears to have been frustrated with Johnson's apparent inability or unwillingness to knock heads together (Bedell-Smith).
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definitions of what and where the Big Thicket actually was, it took seven years and another 27 Big Thicket bills until Congress established the
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ran in the primary to the political right of both Daniel and Yarborough but lost. After being endorsed by former opponent and former Governor
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was decided, and Shivers made the most of the court decision in order to play on voters' fears. Yarborough, however, nearly upset Shivers.
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In the nationally Democratic year of 1958, Yarborough cruised to victory in the general election over the Republican nominee, publisher
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Although Yarborough supported Johnson's domestic agenda, he went public with his criticism of Johnson's foreign policy and the
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in his 1968 campaign against Nixon. In 1969, Yarborough became chairman of the Senate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare.
348:, which called for resistance to the racial integration of schools and other public places. Yarborough voted in favor of the
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Democrats and powerful liberals in Texas state politics. (He was followed by more conservative senators such as Bentsen and
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In 1964, Yarborough again won the primary without a runoff, and won the general election with 56.2% of the vote. His
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In 1972, Yarborough made a comeback effort to win the Democratic nomination for U.S. Senate to challenge Senator
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until he was hired as an assistant attorney general in 1931 by the state Attorney General and later
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Contested Policy: The Rise and Fall of Federal Bilingual Education in the United States 1960–2001
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1327:"Confirmation of Nomination of Thurgood Marshall, The First Negro Appointed to the Supreme Court"
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965:. In 1967, Yarborough was the first U.S. senator to introduce the first bilingual education act.
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to a position in the Community Relations Service, which was designed to mediate racial disputes.
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When Daniel resigned from the Senate in 1957 to become governor, Yarborough ran in the
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Act, citing the impact he believed the agency could have on his hometown of Houston.
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in 1931 and specialized in prosecuting major oil companies. Allred was later elected
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The Yarborough Branch of the Austin Public Library was named in Yarborough's honor.
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In 1956, Yarborough made it to the primary runoff for governor against U.S. Senator
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311:(June 8, 1903 – January 27, 1996) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a
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804:. During his first full term, Yarborough worked for a bill signed by President
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in Henderson County, Texas. The Texas State Cemetery is sometimes called "the
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In the 1958 Democratic primary, Yarborough easily defeated the conservative
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Democratic primary for Texas's other Senate seat, but lost the primary to
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despite neither being an incumbent nor involved at all with the scandal.
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in the Senate. The runner-up in the race with 30 percent of the vote was
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in 1919 but dropped out to become a teacher. Yarborough instead attended
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United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions
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1071: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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to fill the empty seat. With no runoff then required, he needed only a
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2010:
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was created from a revision of this article dated 7 May 2005
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voting. In the same election, Connally defeated Bush's ticket-mate,
384:. Yarborough was the only senator from a state that was part of the
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Official congressional directory. 91st congress 2nd session 1970
1033:. He practiced law in Austin from 1971 until his death in 1996.
2014:
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1739:. Denton, TX: University of North Texas Press. pp. 14–15.
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Grace & Power: The Private World of the Kennedy White House
561:. After attending teaching school he taught for three years in
1761:"Our Campaigns – TX US Senate – D Primary Race – May 06, 1972"
1504:"Ralph Yarborough Dies at 92; Cast Historic Civil Rights Vote"
1346:"Ralph Yarborough Dies at 92; Cast Historic Civil Rights Vote"
1775:"Our Campaigns – TX US Senate – D Runoff Race – Jun 03, 1972"
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after Johnson announced his retirement. Yarborough supported
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there beside his wife, the former Opal Warren, a native of
1969:
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Before being elected a senator, Yarborough served on the
1451:"Ralph Yarborough of Texas and the Road to Civil Rights"
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In 1970, South Texan businessman and former Congressman
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1977:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
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1711:"Two Senators Resort to Wrestling Over Collins Post"
498:. Yarborough did not seek public office after 1972.
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congressmen, Yarborough refused to support the 1956
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Ralph Yarborough on the day of JFK's assassination.
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1957 United States Senate special election in Texas
486:, Yarborough lost re-nomination to fellow Democrat
403:. He became an assistant to Texas Attorney General
2826:Democratic Party United States senators from Texas
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660:and for endorsing in 1952 and 1956 the Republican
635:who told him not to run. Texas Secretary of State
2781:Witnesses to the assassination of John F. Kennedy
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1664:The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Passage of Power
1539:The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Passage of Power
832:Yarborough rode in the Dallas motorcade in which
758:, ran third with 23 percent of the ballots cast.
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1524:
1481:"TX U.S. Senate Special Election, April 2, 1957"
1363:
1313:"To Pass S. 1564, The Voting Rights Act of 1965"
754:infiltration. A Republican lawyer from Houston,
1897:Austin, Texas. University of Texas Press. 2002.
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1628:Warren Commission Testimony of Rufus Youngblood
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1667:. New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
1542:. New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
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1031:State Library and Archives Commission of Texas
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2786:United States Army personnel of World War II
976:for president until his assassination, then
923:Collins was nominated by a vote of 16 to 1.
581:. Yarborough served in the U.S. Army during
1876:East Texas Historical Journal. 31(2); 57–71
1002:1972 United States Senate election in Texas
998:1970 United States Senate election in Texas
933:1964 United States Senate election in Texas
719:1958 United States Senate election in Texas
463:and was the most powerful proponent of the
411:and appointed Yarborough to a judgeship in
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848:(who sat between Yarborough and Johnson),
322:from 1957 to 1971 and was a leader of the
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1398:McDonald, Archie P. (April 15–21, 2001).
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1200:
1158:Ralph W. Yarborough: The People's Senator
1087:Learn how and when to remove this message
945:, who attacked Yarborough as a left-wing
907:, the most senior southern member of the
65:April 29, 1957 – January 3, 1971
2791:University of Texas School of Law alumni
1953:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
1936:
1630:March 9, 1964. Accessed January 3, 2013.
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823:
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2029:American Archive of Public Broadcasting
1895:Ralph Yarborough: The People's Senator.
1823:
1811:"Politics: I've Heard That Name Before"
1689:"Senators Wrestle to Settle Nomination"
1501:
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1099:Yarborough died in 1996 at his home in
1022:, in an anti-incumbent sweep after the
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549:. From 1923 to 1926 he served with the
366:24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
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2671:Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
2006:East Texas historical newspaper column
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1129:Yarborough was one of the last of the
896:, on July 9, Johnson nominated former
596:'s board of directors and lectured on
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1824:Pearson, Richard (January 28, 1996).
1502:Labaton, Stephen (January 28, 1996).
1449:Obadele-Starks, Ernest M. B. (1994).
1344:Labaton, Stephen (January 28, 1996).
708:
1657:
1641:The Witnesses: Sen. Ralph Yarborough
1626:Warren Commission Hearings, vol. II
1532:
1235:"HR. 6127. Civil Rights Act of 1957"
1164:. It features a foreword by Senator
1069:adding citations to reliable sources
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750:, known for his investigations into
585:after 1943 and achieved the rank of
2811:People from Henderson County, Texas
2796:Sam Houston State University alumni
2776:American anti–Vietnam War activists
1735:San Miguel, Jr., Guadalupe (2004).
1564:John F. Kennedy: An Unfinished Life
1438:Yarborough, Ralph Webster 1903–1996
1414:
1253:"HR. 8601. Passage of Amended Bill"
607:
13:
2025:Interview with Ralph W. Yarborough
1923:
1400:"Liberal Where Liberal Isn't Cool"
1382:Texas State Historical Association
1380:. Retrieved August 24, 2012.
836:on November 22, 1963. He was in a
528:Sam Houston State Teachers College
479:until the latter's assassination.
189:Sam Houston State Teachers College
14:
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2846:20th-century American politicians
2179:United States senators from Texas
2119:U.S. senator (Class 1) from Texas
1904:
892:Shortly after the passing of the
784:, a millionaire businessman from
627:1956 Texas gubernatorial election
623:1954 Texas gubernatorial election
619:1952 Texas gubernatorial election
602:University of Texas School of Law
401:University of Texas School of Law
2575:
2291:
1972:"Ralph Yarborough (id: Y000006)"
1935:
1709:New York Times (July 10, 1964).
1369: Abernethy, Francis E.:
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834:John F. Kennedy was assassinated
820:Assassination of John F. Kennedy
668:ticket, instead of the Democrat
534:. Yarborough graduated from the
243:
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2856:Liberalism in the United States
2821:Burials at Texas State Cemetery
2806:Politicians from El Paso, Texas
1997:Photographs of Ralph Yarborough
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1056:needs additional citations for
447:" legislation that encompassed
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16:American politician (1903–1996)
2831:Texas National Guard personnel
2801:Politicians from Austin, Texas
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953:, and as a rich easterner and
594:Lower Colorado River Authority
536:University of Texas Law School
520:United States Military Academy
395:, Yarborough practiced law in
326:wing of his party. Along with
1:
2861:Gallaudet University trustees
2841:20th-century American lawyers
2816:Military personnel from Texas
2428:Education/Education and Labor
1455:East Texas Historical Journal
1190:
1156:Press published a biography,
1154:University of Texas at Austin
1024:Sharpstown Bank-stock Scandal
652:" for veterans' fraud in the
538:in 1927 and practiced law in
532:University of Texas at Austin
501:
465:Big Thicket National Preserve
318:politician who served in the
193:University of Texas at Austin
2851:20th-century American judges
1789:"The 1972 Campaing [
850:United States Secret Service
648:. Yarborough denounced the "
467:. Yarborough criticized the
388:to vote for all five bills.
7:
2836:United States Army officers
1536:(2012). "10. The Protege".
1179:National Preserve in 1974.
727:Yarborough in a 1958 rally.
679:Brown v. Board of Education
10:
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1826:"Ralph E. Yarborough Dies"
1574:Sally Bedell-Smith (2004)
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477:1968 presidential election
436:Republican Party Chairman
399:after graduating from the
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2633:Labor and Human Resources
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1874:Defining the Big Thicket.
1648:Accessed January 3, 2013.
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658:Texas General Land Office
654:Texas Veterans Land Board
555:Texas Army National Guard
370:Voting Rights Act of 1965
350:Civil Rights Acts of 1957
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2761:Texas state court judges
2585:Labor and Public Welfare
2046:Party political offices
1985:Ralph Webster Yarborough
1970:United States Congress.
1103:. He is interred at the
1036:
894:Civil Rights Act of 1964
309:Ralph Webster Yarborough
107:Ralph Webster Yarborough
2001:Portal to Texas History
1853:. Austin Public Library
1661:(2012). "16. EOB 274".
877:Wrestling with Thurmond
557:, reaching the rank of
530:and transferred to the
506:Yarborough was born in
415:. After serving in the
1931:
1911:Listen to this article
870:presidential limousine
860:, the next morning in
829:
728:
551:36th Infantry Division
461:Endangered Species Act
328:Senate Majority Leader
287:36th Infantry Division
1930:
1562:Robert Dallek (2003)
827:
726:
257:Years of service
48:United States Senator
2130:, William Blakley,
1962:More spoken articles
1592:, November 22, 1963.
1105:Texas State Cemetery
1065:improve this article
927:Reelection to Senate
613:Running for governor
440:in the latter race.
335:Speaker of the House
320:United States Senate
1871:Cozine, J. (1993).
1851:"Yarborough Branch"
1830:The Washington Post
1267:"HR. 7152. Passage"
844:Lyndon B. Johnson,
816:from 1969 to 1971.
745:U.S. Representative
579:lieutenant governor
405:James Burr V Allred
2125:Served alongside:
2112:William A. Blakley
1932:
1797:The New York Times
1715:The New York Times
1508:The New York Times
1483:. ourcampaigns.com
1402:. TexasEscapes.com
1350:The New York Times
984:, finally backing
980:until his loss in
909:Commerce Committee
830:
782:William A. Blakley
766:Southern Manifesto
729:
709:Becoming a senator
587:lieutenant colonel
417:United States Army
382:U.S. Supreme Court
346:Southern Manifesto
340:, but unlike most
276:Lieutenant colonel
239:United States Army
76:William A. Blakley
37:Yarborough in 1957
2738:
2737:
2635:(1977–1999)
2587:(1947–1977)
2430:(1869–1947)
2386:
2385:
2146:
2145:
2137:Succeeded by
2128:Lyndon B. Johnson
2123:1957–1971
2092:Succeeded by
2021:Eyes on the Prize
1990:Handbook of Texas
1928:
1376:Handbook of Texas
1097:
1096:
1089:
974:Robert F. Kennedy
943:George H. W. Bush
846:Lady Bird Johnson
814:Gallaudet College
741:Lyndon B. Johnson
637:John Ben Shepperd
473:Robert F. Kennedy
438:George H. W. Bush
409:governor of Texas
378:Thurgood Marshall
364:, as well as the
331:Lyndon B. Johnson
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2109:Preceded by
2051:Preceded by
2043:
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2034:Ralph Yarborough
1999:, hosted by the
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748:Martin Dies, Jr.
733:special election
608:Political career
512:Henderson County
496:Barefoot Sanders
262:1943–1946 (Army)
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694:J. Evetts Haley
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2038:Find a Grave
1988:
1975:
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293:Battles/wars
132:(1996-01-27)
117:June 8, 1903
83:Succeeded by
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2756:1996 deaths
2751:1903 births
2103:U.S. Senate
2011:Appearances
1590:Dallas Star
1513:October 13,
1465:February 9,
1371:Big Thicket
1331:GovTrack.us
1299:GovTrack.us
1239:GovTrack.us
1177:Big Thicket
1147:Garry Mauro
1118:natural gas
970:Vietnam War
858:Robert Caro
838:convertible
789:Republican
762:James Boren
650:Shivercrats
469:Vietnam War
386:Confederacy
338:Sam Rayburn
324:progressive
159:Opal Warren
71:Preceded by
2745:Categories
2619:Yarborough
2348:A. Houston
2308:S. Houston
2263:Yarborough
2061:Democratic
1958:Audio help
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1191:References
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1077:March 2023
1016:John Tower
996:See also:
939:Republican
931:See also:
862:Fort Worth
791:John Tower
713:See also:
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617:See also:
524:West Point
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148:Democratic
113:1903-06-08
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2657:Kassebaum
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1835:March 2,
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774:Cold War
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646:liberals
598:land law
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508:Chandler
453:Medicaid
449:Medicare
391:Born in
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2710:Kennedy
2695:Kennedy
2685:Kennedy
2652:Kennedy
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