673:
Hajjáj. He also sent some beautiful pearls and valuable jewels, as well as some
Abyssinian male and female slaves, some pretty presents, and unparalleled rarities to the capital of the Khalífah. A number of Mussalman women also went with them with the object of visiting the Kaabah, and seeing the capital city of the Khalífahs. When they arrived in the province of Kázrún, the boat was overtaken by a storm, and drifting from the right way, floated to the coast of Debal. Here a band of robbers, of the tribe of Nagámrah, who were residents of Debal, seized all the eight boats, took possession of the rich silken clothes they contained, captured the men and women, and carried away all the valuable property and jewels."
391:"I am going to meet the Arabs in open battle, and fight them as best as I can. If I crush them, my kingdom will then be put on a firm footing. But if I am killed honourably, the event will be recorded in the books of Arabia and India and will be talked about by great men. It will be heard by other kings in the world, and it will be said that Raja Dahir of Sindh sacrificed his precious life for the sake of his country, in fighting with the enemy."
451:
916:
Raja Dahir's Wife Rani Bai fled to the fort of Rawar with 150,000 troops from where she challenged
Muhammad Bin Qasim for the battle. Muhammad bin Qasim chased her to Rawar and ordered his miners to dig and demolish the walls of the fort until the bastions were thrown down. Rani Bai, however, finding
672:
Mirza
Kalichbeg Fredunbeg: The Chachnamah, An Ancient History of Sind, Giving the Hindu period down to the Arab Conquest. Commissioners Press 1900, Section 18: "It is related that the king of Sarandeb* sent some curiosities and presents from the island of pearls, in a small fleet of boats by sea, for
277:, a family deeply rooted in Hindu traditions and governance. His father, Chach of Aror, who ruled from 631 to 671 CE, was a Brahmin who ascended to the throne after marrying the widowed Queen Suhandi. This event established the Chach dynasty, which would rule Sindh for nearly a century.
474:
and, on orders of Al-Hajjaj, freed the earlier captives and prisoners from the previous (failed) campaign. Other than this instance, the policy was generally one of enlisting and co-opting support from defectors and defeated lords and forces. From Debal, bin Qasim moved on to
657:
Playing along the same ideological lines of trying to build a historical narrative on how
Muslims fought against the cruel Hindus, it talks of how Muhammad Bin Qasim, the general of Umayyad Caliphate who fought against the last Sindhi Brahmin king called Raja
529:. "You should say to them, 'I am a wall between you and the Arab army. If I fall, nothing will stop your destruction at their hands.'" If that wasn't acceptable to Dahir, said the vizier, then he should at least send away his family to some safe point in
536:
Dahir then tried to prevent Qasim from crossing the Indus River, moving his forces to its eastern banks. Eventually, however, Qasim crossed the river and defeated his forces at Jitor led by
Jaisiah (Dahir's son). Qasim fought Dahir at Aror (near modern
920:
Mirza
Kalichbeg Fredunbeg: The Chachnamah, An Ancient History of Sind, Giving the Hindu period down to the Arab Conquest. Translated by from the Persian by, Commissioners Press 1900
541:) in 711, eventually killing him. After Dahir was killed in the Battle of Aror on the banks of the River Indus, his head was cut off from his body and sent to Hajjaj bin Yousuf.
487:
and received allegiance from several tribal chiefs and secured the surrounding regions. His combined forces captured the fort at Sisam and secured the region west of the
1210:
2089:
576:
266:, the Umayyad campaign against Dahir was due to a pirate raid off the coast of the Sindhi coast that resulted in gifts to the Umayyad caliph from the king of
1220:
525:
Sometime before the final battle, Dahir's vizier approached him and suggested that Dahir should take refuge with one of the friendly kings of
1878:
974:
1705:
347:
Throughout his reign, Maharaja Dahir had to face invasions from the
Umayyad Caliphate which had grown quite powerful by that time.
325:
by an Arab named
Muhammad Ali bin Hamid bin Abu Bakr Kufi in 1216 from an earlier Arabic text believed to have been written by the
280:
He fought 3 battles successfully but was killed in the final one after being betrayed by the
Buddhists who resented him during the
533:. Dahir refused to do either. "I cannot send away my family to security while the families of my thakurs and nobles remain here."
1788:
1720:
1631:
1550:
897:
781:
754:
612:
2135:
2130:
2104:
2094:
354:, Dahir defeated the Arabs twice in pitched battles during the twin battles of Debal in which the invading Arab commanders
2109:
1980:
1410:
1318:
788:
When
Muhammad-bin-Qāsim plundered the place Arora in 712 and defeated Rājā Dāhar, who belonged to the Arorā dynasty, the
629:
1773:
1659:
1443:
2048:
1682:
1555:
1253:
947:
643:
792:
people left Sind and settled in the Punjāb cities, situated on the banks of the rivers Sind, Jhelum, Cenāb and Rāvī.
1992:
1595:
1590:
1560:
1895:
1664:
967:
729:
694:
284:. He died defending his region at Sindh which took place between his dynasty and the Arabs at the banks of the
2079:
1715:
1570:
1072:
1433:
1783:
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1710:
1580:
929:
2074:
1947:
1654:
1585:
2099:
2038:
1649:
1164:
518:
army, Muhammad bin Qasim defeated Dahir and captured his eastern territories which were added into the
17:
711:
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1575:
1205:
997:
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2033:
2008:
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274:
200:
120:
58:
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2018:
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674:
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1360:
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318:
1891:
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to the Sri Lankan coast, and now they were able to prey on Arab shipping from their bases at
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1985:
1937:
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8:
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2013:
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1027:
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723:
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483:
after the first campaign and capitulated to the second. Qasim's armies then captured
479:
for supplies; the city's Buddhist governor had acknowledged it as a tributary of the
455:
255:
150:
91:
1952:
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1798:
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1735:
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1007:
917:
herself encircled, surrendered and burnt herself along with other ladies.
555:
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385:
366:
313:
158:
823:
History and Culture of the Indian People, Volume 03, The Classical Age
431:
had pirated upon Sassanid shipping in the past, from the mouth of the
358:
and Budail or Bazil were killed by Sindhis under Dahir's son Jaisiah.
1883:
1523:
1118:
538:
530:
526:
480:
444:
424:
416:
289:
263:
41:
1128:
1103:
952:
628:
Perera, Sasanka; Pathak, Dev Nath; Kumar, Ravi (30 December 2021).
511:
499:
231:
54:
604:
A Book of Conquest: The Chachnama and Muslim Origins in South Asia
1262:
1138:
1113:
746:
Chachnamah Retold : An Account Of The Arab Conquest Of Sindh
515:
428:
262:, where Dahir died while defending his kingdom. According to the
251:
195:
1123:
577:"Raja Dahir defeated Muhammad Bin Qasim and Arab troops thrice"
484:
432:
450:
1283:
1093:
789:
476:
471:
440:
436:
408:
400:
247:
243:
45:
1098:
293:
116:
1231:
712:"Raja Dahir: The Last Hindu King of Sindh (679 to 712 AD)"
384:, Maharaja Dahir is said to have given this speech as per
407:, against Raja Dahir, was a pirate raid off the coast of
850:
458:
can be seen advancing upon the western frontier of the
466:
Hajaj's next campaign was launched under the aegis of
668:
666:
494:
By enlisting the support of local tribes such as the
254:
ruler, his kingdom was invaded in 711 CE by the Arab
856:
663:
411:resulting in gifts to the caliph from the king of
835:
833:
627:
2122:
885:
369:, when the news of Bazil's death was relayed to
454:Sindh in 700 CE, under the Raja's dynasty. The
830:
631:Against the Nation: Thinking Like South Asians
350:According to Chachnama and the Arab historian
1247:
968:
942:, Brill Academic Publishers, 1 January 1996,
935:Tareekh-Sind, By Mavlana Syed Abu Zafar Nadvi
940:Al-Hind the Making of the Indo Islamic World
881:
879:
1706:Karachi Chamber of Commerce & Industry
1254:
1240:
975:
961:
843:The Chachnamah An Ancient History Of Sindh
826:. Public Resource. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
742:
303:
892:. Harvard University Press. pp. 8–.
839:
365:who governed on his behalf. According to
361:Jaisiah later appointed his own chief or
1721:Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works
928:, H.C. Roychandra and Kalikinkar Ditta:
876:
819:
574:
449:
336:
1789:Karachi Port Trust Halt railway station
749:. Bibliophile South Asia. p. 127.
684:
607:. Harvard University Press. p. 8.
601:Asif, Manan Ahmed (19 September 2016).
373:, he became very sad and full of rage.
273:Raja Dahir was born in 663 CE into the
14:
2123:
886:Manan Ahmed Asif (19 September 2016).
399:for the expedition by the governor of
376:This led to the fateful expedition by
270:(Old name of Sri Lanka) being stolen.
1235:
956:
982:
857:Khurram Ali Shafique (23 May 2001).
769:
600:
1981:National Academy of Performing Arts
24:
1774:Karachi Cantonment railway station
709:
25:
2167:
687:Religion and Society in Arab Sind
575:Saraswat, Jigar (11 March 2021).
321:of Sindh. It was translated into
1596:Karachi Water and Sewerage Board
1591:Karachi Metropolitan Corporation
1561:City District Government Karachi
806:year is an approximation of the
773:Encyclopaedia of the Hindu World
470:. In 711, bin Qasim attacked at
395:The primary reason cited in the
813:
427:living in Sindh) also known as
317:is the oldest chronicle of the
2090:Non-governmental organisations
797:
776:. Concept Publishing Company.
763:
736:
703:
678:
621:
594:
568:
27:Hindu ruler of Sindh (663–712)
13:
1:
1716:Karachi Nuclear Power Complex
1571:Karachi Development Authority
561:
250:(in present-day Pakistan). A
1784:Karachi City railway station
1764:Jinnah International Airport
1731:Pakistan Mercantile Exchange
1581:Karachi Municipal Commission
930:An Advanced History of India
820:Majumdar, R.C., ed. (1970).
498:and also the support of the
242:(663 – 712 CE) was the last
7:
2136:8th-century Indian monarchs
2131:7th-century Indian monarchs
1948:Karachi Literature Festival
1586:Karachi Municipal Committee
1261:
743:Khushalani, Gobind (2006).
685:MacLean, Derryl N. (1989).
544:
223:(former wife of Rai Sahasi)
10:
2172:
1165:Dodo Bin Khafef Soomro III
910:
728:: CS1 maint: url-status (
340:
2067:
2001:
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1812:
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1576:Karachi Conservancy Board
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1444:Defence Housing Authority
1409:
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1319:Federal Capital Territory
1269:
1178:
1170:Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi
1147:
1081:
1018:Caliphal province of Sind
998:Indus Valley Civilisation
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863:Pakistanspace.com website
506:, Bajhra, Kaka Kolak and
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1779:Karachi Circular Railway
1304:1857 War of Independence
1211:Battle of Khari Khabarlo
1013:Brahmin dynasty of Sindh
770:Garg, Gaṅgā Rām (1992).
275:Brahman dynasty of Sindh
201:Brahmin dynasty of Sindh
59:Brahmin dynasty of Sindh
1879:Cultural heritage sites
1711:Karachi Cotton Exchange
2049:Military installations
1726:Karachi Stock Exchange
859:"Rajah Dahar of Sindh"
463:
393:
1701:I. I. Chundrigar Road
1454:Gulberg Town, Karachi
1346:Baba and Bhit Islands
1109:Mansura (Brahmanabad)
636:Bloomsbury Publishing
514:to his predominantly-
453:
389:
337:War with the Umayyads
329:family (relatives of
2054:Orangi Pilot Project
1986:Karachi Arts Council
1938:Karachi Fashion Week
1566:Karachi Civic Center
1504:North Nazimabad Town
1366:Clifton Oyster Rocks
292:at the hands of the
2075:People from Karachi
1632:Tourist attractions
1622:Karachi Safari Park
1617:Karachi Expo Center
1419:Bahria Town Karachi
1324:Timeline of Karachi
1314:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
1201:Battle of Hyderabad
460:Indian subcontinent
405:Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf
2044:Karachi Press Club
1973:Karachi Yacht Club
1943:Kara Film Festival
1931:Karachi United WFC
1289:Muhammad bin Qasim
1206:Battle of Fatehpur
1179:Wars & battles
889:A Book of Conquest
840:Kalichbeg (1900).
710:Sharma, Shashank.
468:Muhammad bin Qasim
464:
378:Muhammad bin Qasim
331:Mukhtar al-Thaqafi
298:Muhammad bin Qasim
288:, near modern-day
260:Muhammad bin Qasim
2118:
2117:
2105:Tallest buildings
2095:Parks and gardens
1968:Karachi Race Club
1963:Karachi Golf Club
1958:Karachi Boat Club
1376:Hawke's Bay Beach
1309:Pakistan Movement
1229:
1228:
1160:Dollah Darya Khan
1068:Bombay Presidency
1028:Emirate of Multan
899:978-0-674-66011-3
783:978-81-7022-373-3
756:978-81-85002-68-2
614:978-0-674-66011-3
581:Indian Daily Post
520:Umayyad Caliphate
456:Umayyad Caliphate
256:Umayyad Caliphate
237:
236:
190:
189:
92:Umayyad Caliphate
87:Kingdom abolished
16:(Redirected from
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2110:Watering troughs
2039:Flora and fauna
1953:Karachi Marathon
1906:Karachi Dolphins
1799:Malir Expressway
1794:Lyari Expressway
1519:Shah Faisal Town
1499:New Karachi Town
1484:Liaquatabad Town
1469:Keamari District
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1191:Battle of Halani
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130:712 CE (aged 49)
90:(annexed by the
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1294:Delhi Sultanate
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1196:Battle of Miani
1186:Battle of Rasil
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1058:Kalhora dynasty
1048:Tarkhan dynasty
1023:Habbari dynasty
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35:Dahir of Aror
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19:
2024:Developments
2019:Demographics
2002:Other topics
1849:Meena Bazaar
1834:Dolmen Malls
1829:Bohri Bazaar
1824:Avari Hotels
1665:Universities
1474:Korangi Town
1464:Jamshed Town
1459:Gulshan Town
1371:French Beach
1155:Hoshu Sheedi
1089:Mohenjo-daro
939:
888:
866:. Retrieved
862:
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822:
815:
810:date 613 AH.
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651:29 September
649:. Retrieved
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584:. Retrieved
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423:(a tribe of
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163:Premala Devi
133:Sindhu River
86:
40:
29:
2029:Environment
1874:Chaand Raat
1627:Karachi Zoo
1610:Attractions
1514:Saddar Town
1509:Orangi Town
1479:Landhi Town
1434:Cantonments
1424:Baldia Town
1386:Malir River
1381:Lyari River
1299:British Raj
1008:Rai dynasty
556:Rai dynasty
489:Indus River
286:Indus River
73:Predecessor
2141:Chach Nama
2125:Categories
2080:Cemeteries
1863:Sports and
1813:Hotels and
1741:Port Qasim
1601:K-Electric
1534:Government
1494:Malir Town
1489:Lyari Town
1449:Gadap Town
1411:Localities
1356:Cape Monze
1279:Raja Dahir
932:, Part II,
804:Common Era
696:9004085513
586:11 January
562:References
551:Chach Nama
502:rulers of
397:Chach Nama
367:Chachnamah
356:Ubaidullah
314:Chach Nama
306:Chach Nama
240:Raja Dahir
166:Jodha Devi
159:Surya Devi
68:695–712 CE
18:Raja Dahir
1922:Football
1884:Dabbawala
1751:Transport
1683:Hospitals
1675:Hospitals
1642:Education
1551:Elections
1524:SITE Town
1334:Geography
1134:Hyderabad
1119:Agham Kot
689:. BRILL.
539:Nawabshah
481:Caliphate
445:Kathiawar
425:Scythians
417:Sri Lanka
386:Chachnama
352:Biladhuri
290:Nawabshah
264:Chachnama
258:, led by
246:ruler of
145:•Rani Bai
83:Successor
42:Maharajah
2059:Religion
1888:Cricket
1815:shopping
1655:Colleges
1538:Politics
1129:Khudabad
1114:Umer Kot
1104:Banbhore
1082:Capitals
724:cite web
545:See also
512:infantry
508:Siwistan
500:Buddhist
485:Siwistan
415:(modern
413:Serendib
296:general
268:Serendib
232:Hinduism
228:Religion
55:Maharaja
2100:Streets
2014:Cuisine
1896:women's
1866:culture
1817:centers
1693:Economy
1650:Schools
1439:Clifton
1338:Climate
1271:History
1263:Karachi
1139:Karachi
991:Periods
911:Sources
868:2 April
516:mounted
429:Bawarij
327:Thaqafi
323:Persian
252:Brahmin
196:Dynasty
169:Jaisiah
140:Spouses
77:Chandar
2085:Mayors
1391:Manora
1148:People
1124:Thatta
946:
896:
780:
753:
693:
658:Dahir.
642:
611:
433:Tigris
371:Hajjaj
363:Thakur
217:Mother
207:Father
143:•Ladee
114:663 CE
99:Regent
2068:Lists
1977:Arts
1892:men's
1759:Buses
1546:Mayor
1284:Debal
1094:Debal
790:Arorā
531:India
527:India
504:Nerun
477:Nerun
472:Debal
441:Debal
437:Kutch
409:Debal
401:Basra
248:Sindh
244:Hindu
211:Chach
181:Names
151:Issue
102:Dahir
65:Reign
46:Sindh
1536:and
1336:and
1099:Aror
944:ISBN
894:ISBN
870:2021
778:ISBN
751:ISBN
730:link
691:ISBN
653:2023
640:ISBN
609:ISBN
588:2022
496:Meds
443:and
421:Meds
311:The
294:Arab
127:Died
117:Aror
111:Born
510:as
333:).
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44:of
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