384:
1928:"Evangelicalism itself, I believe, is quintessentially North American phenomenon, deriving as it did from the confluence of Pietism, Presbyterianism, and the vestiges of Puritanism. Evangelicalism picked up the peculiar characteristics from each strain – warmhearted spirituality from the Pietists (for instance), doctrinal precisionism from the Presbyterians, and individualistic introspection from the Puritans – even as the North American context itself has profoundly shaped the various manifestations of evangelicalism: fundamentalism, neo-evangelicalism, the holiness movement, Pentecostalism, the charismatic movement, and various forms of African-American and Hispanic evangelicalism." Randall Balmer (2002).
586:
510:
884:, especially in his critique of Hegel. Further, he sees the theological content of radical pietism as forcing post Kantian idealisms to remain somewhat theological and characterizing certain central elements of modern philosophy, including "the priority of existence over thought; the primacy of language; the 'ecstatic' character of time; the historicity of reason; the dialogical principle; the suspension of the ethical; and the ontological difference."
31:
896:
638:
375:. The Inspirationists' temporal affairs continue to prosper due to their "balanced combination of agriculture, tourism, and the manufacture of Amana refrigerators." Adherents belonging to the Community of True Inspiration practice their Radical Pietistic faith relatively unchanged for hundreds of years.
786:) was commonly used among the radical Pietists. They also strongly abandoned class designation and academic degrees. Some of the barriers between men and women were also broken down. Many radical pietistic women became well known as writers and prophets, as well as leaders of Philadelphian communities.
748:
Radical
Pietism's role in the emergence of modern religious communities has only begun to be adequately assessed, according to Hans Schneider, professor of church history at the University of Marburg, Germany. However, this statement refers to the early era of Radical Pietism up to around 1715 while
237:, hold to the teaching of trine (triple) baptism: "that the original and apostolic form of baptism was to immerse the candidate forward into the water three times (once in the name of the Father, once in the name of the Son, and once in the name of the Spirit)." Radical Pietists, such as the
1710:
Only a tiny minority within the Church of the
Brethren continues some vestigates of plain dress, such as the prayer covering for women. The Old German Baptist Brethren and the Dunkard Brethren, however, have maintained standards of traditional plain
769:
and lunar eclipses were seen as signs of threatening divine judgements. In
Pennsylvania, Johannes Kelpius even installed a telescope on the roof of his house, where he and his followers kept watch for heavenly signs proclaiming the return of Christ.
209:
from the established
Lutheran Churches. They believe that Christians can live through direct empowerment of the Holy Ghost rather than relying on a complex hierarchy. Churches in the tradition of Radical Pietism teach the necessity of the
549:; it is the most conservative in the River Brethren tradition. The River Brethren hold experience meetings, in which "members testifying of God's work in their lives in bringing them to salvation and daily living." When a member has a
863:
sees his critiques as misguided, overlooking how they were able to critique modern philosophy from a theological perspective by questioning the legitimacy of philosophy as "autonomous reason", ultimately leading to the demise of
468:
came under influence of
Radical Pietistic preachers who "emphasized spiritual passion and a warm, personal relationship to Jesus Christ." They teach "the necessity of a crisis-conversion experience" as well as the existence of a
336:
and emphasizes the doctrines of "believer's baptism, a believer's church, free access to read and study
Scripture, the importance of prayer and other spiritual disciplines, and a lifestyle that exhibited separation from sin."
1871:
1993:: Die Gesellschaft der Kindheit-Jesu-Genossen auf Schloss Hayn. Aus dem Nachlass des von Fleischbein und Korrespondenzen von de Marsay, Prueschenk von Lindenhofen und Tersteegen 1734 bis 1742. Hannover 2002.
808:
was a
Lutheran revival in reaction against pietism, and the pietistic movement in Germany declined in the 19th century. Radical pietism had an influence on Anglican religion, especially as practiced in the
1974:
Hans-JĂĽrgen
Schrader: Literaturproduktion und Büchermarkt des radikalen Pietismus: Johann Heinrich Reitz' "Historie der Wiedergebohrnen" und ihr geschichtlicher Kontext (Palaestra 283). Göttingen 1989.
1996:
Eberhard Fritz: Radikaler
Pietismus in Württemberg. Religiöse Ideale im Konflikt mit gesellschaftlichen Realitäten (Quellen und Forschungen zur württembergischen Kirchengeschichte 18). Epfendorf 2003.
1999:
Eberhard Fritz: Separatistinnen und
Separatisten in WĂĽrttemberg und in angrenzenden Territorien. Ein biographisches Verzeichnis (SĂĽdwestdeutsche Quellen zur Familienforschung Band 3). Stuttgart 2005.
1853:
1986:
Willi Temme: Krise der Leiblichkeit. Die Sozietät der Mutter Eva (Buttlarsche Rotte) und der radikale Pietismus um 1700 (Arbeiten zur Geschichte des Pietismus 35). Göttingen 1998.
1868:
473:
that "results in the believer resulting in the ability to say no to sin". The Brethren in Christ Church entered into a schism in 1964 resulting in the formation of the
684:. Other Radical Pietists "preferred a largely solitary life of prayer, living in modest cottages or even more primitive dwellings in the hills outside of the town."
96:, led by those who believed a deeper emotional experience was incompatible with what they saw as a preset adherence to form, no matter how genuine. They stressed a
410:
290:
154:
985:
Church History, Volume Two: From Pre-Reformation to the Present Day: The Rise and Growth of the Church in Its Cultural, Intellectual, and Political Context
1850:
529:
and abstaining from what they see as worldly entertainment, such as the television set. The Old Order River Brethren separated from other streams of the
1274:
214:, in which one has a personal conversion experience to Christ. Radical Pietists emphasize the importance of holy living and thus frequently practice
413:
as an association of denominations around the world that "share the same Pietist approach to the faith and accept the Bible as their only creed".
1299:
Carlson, William G.; Gehrz, Christopher; Winn, Christian T. Collins; Holst, Eric; Collins, Gehrz; Christopher, Carlson; William, G. (2012).
1374:
1660:
714:, was also particularly affected by Radical Pietism's emphasis on personal experience and separation from false Christianity. The
1977:
Ulf-Michael Schneider: Propheten der Goethezeit. Sprache, Literatur und Wirkung der Inspirierten (Palaestra 297). Göttingen 1995.
332:, emerged as a result of Radical Pietism spreading in Sweden. The denomination emerged among Radical Pietists who separated from
349:
emerged in a similar way to the Baptist General Conference, but in the United States and Canada for German speaking immigrants.
474:
178:
1827:
1703:
2005:
Douglas H. Shantz: Between Sardis and Philadelphia: the Life and World of Pietist Court Preacher Conrad Bröske. Leiden 2008.
61:
and hold that the latter is represented by established churches. They separated from established churches to form their own
57:, who chose to remain within their Lutheran denominational settings. Radical Pietists distinguish between true and false
1943:, published in Karl Barth & the Pietists: The Young Karl Barth's Critique of Pietism & Its Response, page 24-25.
1325:
761:
expectations, and their breakdown of social barriers. They were very influenced by prophecies gathered and published by
1980:
Barbara Hoffmann: Radikalpietismus um 1700. Der Streit um das Recht auf eine neue Gesellschaft. Frankfurt am Main 1996.
873:
403:
are denominations in the Radical Pietistic tradition that were founded by Scandinavian immigrants to the Americas (see
1899:
1787:
1762:
1732:
1644:
1619:
1594:
1560:
1520:
1495:
1465:
1436:
1411:
1308:
1283:
1215:
1190:
1165:
1140:
1106:
1076:
1026:
992:
842:
346:
681:
383:
677:
325:
17:
1249:
919:
868:. This is then seen by Milbank as the impetus for the quick rise and failure of defenses of critical reason by
653:
641:
498:
461:
306:
166:
85:
68:
Radical Pietism emphasizes the need for a "religion of the heart" instead of the head, and is characterized by
2070:
944:
358:
286:
146:
737:", on an island outside of Stockholm, where they lived much like the Ephrata people, for nearly a century.
396:
294:
158:
2030:
1050:
722:, was another German-American religious group influenced by Radical Pietism. Other groups include the
664:. Many Templers migrated to Russia, Palestine, and later to Australia where the Church is known as the
546:
329:
282:
270:
265:. They resolve problems in the community at the congregational level under church councils presided by
206:
150:
1349:
525:
are an Anabaptist group in the Radical Pietistic tradition who are distinguished by their practice of
1457:
457:
422:
302:
174:
142:
46:
2065:
1891:
665:
522:
514:
182:
269:, rather than in civil courts. Members who sin openly are visited by the elders and encouraged to
1664:
909:
661:
610:
400:
298:
162:
127:
35:
223:
614:
590:
478:
430:
62:
53:
in order to emphasize certain teachings regarding holy living. Radical Pietists contrast with
830:
388:
1668:
429:
heralded by Radical Pietists, the Mennonite Brethren are characterized by their emphasis on
1488:
A Pilgrimage of Faith: The Mennonite Brethren Church in Russia and North America, 1860-1990
1129:
Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices, 2nd Edition
914:
602:
594:
470:
314:
266:
238:
234:
190:
112:
573:, tradition. It separated from the mainstem of the River Brethren due to its allowance of
8:
901:
618:
486:
2002:
Hans Schneider: Radical German Pietism. Translated by Gerald MacDonald. Lanham, MD 2007.
1246:
Archives and History: Minutes and Reports of the ... Conference on Archives and History
762:
742:
645:
606:
566:
542:
538:
534:
494:
186:
77:
1983:
Andreas Deppermann: Johann Jakob Schütz und die Anfänge des Pietismus. Tübingen 2002.
1895:
1833:
1823:
1783:
1758:
1728:
1699:
1640:
1615:
1590:
1556:
1516:
1491:
1461:
1432:
1407:
1400:
1304:
1279:
1211:
1186:
1161:
1158:
The Rise and Fall of American Lutheran Pietism: The Rejection of an Activist Heritage
1136:
1102:
1072:
1022:
988:
860:
585:
574:
425:
emerged among Russian Mennonites who accepted Radical Pietism. Due to the belief in
1990:
795:
741:
was another Swedish Radical Pietist who formed a separatist community, the utopian
711:
699:
691:
258:
219:
108:
1019:
An Introduction to German Pietism: Protestant Renewal at the Dawn of Modern Europe
1967:
1875:
1857:
934:
822:
814:
805:
799:
715:
687:
509:
405:
333:
202:
54:
38:", a work in German, covering the martyrdom of several Radical Pietists in Sweden
1941:
838:
834:
727:
707:
570:
530:
446:
362:
310:
262:
242:
170:
1377:. Historical Papers 1994: Canadian Society of Church History. pp. 143–163
215:
104:
2059:
1837:
1208:
Exploring Christian Mission Beyond Christendom: United Methodist Perspectives
810:
766:
703:
1869:
German Radical Pietism/The Roots, Origin, and Terminology of Radical Pietism
939:
856:
818:
738:
553:, he or she begins taking part in the experience meeting and then requests
120:
58:
1817:
855:, later critiqued radical pietism as creating a move towards unorthodoxy.
881:
719:
710:(1691–1768), founder of another early pietistic communitarian group, the
657:
526:
490:
482:
372:
250:
50:
774:
656:
are a Radical Pietistic community that emerged in Germany. They promote
451:
378:
880:. All this is seen as culminating in the especially radical pietism in
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848:
826:
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723:
550:
434:
426:
211:
97:
81:
30:
1952:
1803:
1695:
968:
929:
752:
734:
695:
626:
622:
465:
433:. As with other Radical Pietists, the Mennonite Brethren emphasize a
254:
246:
89:
1637:
Brethren Society: The Cultural Transformation of a "Peculiar People"
924:
1132:
1725:
Recovering the Love Feast: Broadening Our Eucharistic Celebrations
569:
is a Radical Pietist denomination in the Anabaptist, specifically
409:). They, along with other Radical Pietistic churches, founded the
895:
852:
680:
where they sought to revive the original Christian living of the
554:
230:
135:
93:
73:
2045:
1755:
Pilgrims on the Silk Road: A Muslim-Christian Encounter in Khiva
1069:
Pilgrims on the Silk Road: A Muslim-Christian Encounter in Khiva
733:
In Sweden, a group of radical pietists formed a community, the "
2050:
1402:
What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848
869:
845:
as it developed during the later 19th to early 20th centuries.
676:
A common trait among some radical Pietists is that they formed
597:
denomination that is a part of the Radical Pietistic tradition.
517:, an Anabaptist denomination in the Radical Pietistic tradition
131:
103:
Many of the Radical Pietists are influenced by the writings of
69:
749:
meanwhile the later era has been covered by numerous studies.
2036:
International Federation of Free Evangelical Churches (IFFEC)
1099:
Rethinking Christ and Culture: A Post-Christendom Perspective
877:
757:
Two other common traits of radical Pietism were their strong
124:
116:
2020:
497:. Calvary Holiness Church is considered to be a part of the
2015:
694:
group in Europe which was known, after its founder, as the
637:
794:
Radical Pietism heavily influenced the development of the
781:
261:. The Radical Pietistic communities do not believe in the
100:
and a continuous openness to new spiritual illumination.
1375:"Ethnicity and Piety Among Alberta's "German" Baptists"
625:, which for them, consists of footwashing, supper, the
621:. They are known for their frequent celebration of the
1612:
The Essential Handbook of Denominations and Ministries
773:
As for the social barriers, in Germany and Sweden the
320:
2035:
2025:
1553:
Serving the Amish: A Cultural Guide for Professionals
1298:
452:
Brethren in Christ Church and Calvary Holiness Church
411:
International Federation of Free Evangelical Churches
379:
International Federation of Free Evangelical Churches
291:
International Federation of Free Evangelical Churches
281:
Churches in the Radical Pietist movement include the
155:
International Federation of Free Evangelical Churches
141:
Churches in the Radical Pietist movement include the
138:
are essential toward "feeling the effects" of grace.
2040:
1780:
Israel and South Africa: The Many Faces of Apartheid
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
891:
340:
2016:
Amana Church: The Community of the True Inspiration
1610:Kurian, George Thomas; Day, Sarah Claudine (2017).
1513:
The Encyclopedia of Cults, Sects, and New Religions
1122:
1120:
1118:
829:eventually led to the development of the so-called
660:to study the Bible and emphasize preparing for the
115:, among others. They teach that personal holiness (
1399:
1045:Smith, James Ward; Jamison, Albert Leland (1969).
1040:
1038:
753:Endtime expectations, breakdown of social barriers
702:(1673–1708) led a communitarian group who came to
1326:"The Pietist Impulse: Americans (and a Canadian)"
1275:Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States
1256:
983:Woodbridge, John D.; III, Frank A. James (2013).
605:originated in 1708; Schwarzenau Brethren include
2057:
1272:Kurian, George Thomas; Lamport, Mark A. (2016).
1115:
978:
976:
352:
1035:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1199:
644:, a Radical Pietistic community that lived in
1819:Historical dictionary of radical Christianity
1420:
1271:
1126:
1062:
1060:
982:
973:
1932:. Westminster John Knox Press. pp. vii–viii.
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1477:
1174:
1092:
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1088:
1044:
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1008:
1006:
1004:
366:
226:and thus "forbid Christians to shed blood."
1741:
1683:
1569:
1393:
1391:
1149:
1127:Melton, J. Gordon; Baumann, Martin (2010).
601:A Radical Pietistic community known as the
504:
1628:
1540:. McGrath Publishing Company. p. 236.
1529:
1445:
1205:
1057:
1851:German Radical Pietism, by Hans Schneider
1771:
1609:
1603:
1544:
1504:
1474:
1426:
1372:
1180:
1085:
1001:
49:who decided to break with denominational
1916:Concordia Theological Monthly, Volume 39
1815:
1722:
1454:A Companion to German Pietism, 1660-1800
1388:
1232:Methodist History, Volume 37, Issues 2-4
1155:
636:
613:, and mainline Schwarzenau Brethren—the
609:, conservative Schwarzenau Brethren—the
584:
508:
382:
29:
1752:
1689:
1584:
1490:. Kindred Productions. pp. 83–85.
1238:
1066:
965:Rise of Pietism in 17th Century Germany
671:
580:
14:
2058:
1880:
1634:
1538:The Encyclopedia of American Religions
1535:
1451:
1234:. Methodist Church. 1999. p. 184.
1096:
1016:
821:, and combined with the influenced of
371:who are men and women inspired by the
92:. The Pietistic movement developed in
1777:
1550:
1510:
1485:
1323:
560:
416:
387:Community Evangelical Free Church of
276:
233:, many Radical Pietists, such as the
1397:
648:before being relocated to Australia.
577:, rather than worshipping in homes.
365:, are known for their reliance upon
289:(Inspirationalists), members of the
1301:The Pietist Impulse in Christianity
1183:Lutherans in America: A New History
859:, speaking from the perspective of
477:, which continues to emphasize the
321:Baptist General Conference/Converge
27:Pietists who broke with Lutheranism
24:
1961:
1930:The Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism
1757:. Walter Ratliff. pp. 75–76.
1690:Bronner, Simon J. (4 March 2015).
969:http://www.cob-net.org/pietism.htm
765:and Gottfried Arnold. Events like
479:wearing of a headcovering by women
25:
2082:
2009:
1692:Encyclopedia of American Folklife
1587:Encyclopedia of American Folklife
1515:. Prometheus Books. p. 151.
843:Christianity in the United States
632:
440:
347:North American Baptist Conference
341:North American Baptist Conference
1888:The New Encyclopaedia Britannica
1822:. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press.
1431:. Scarecrow Press. p. 124.
1210:. University Press. p. 19.
1185:. Augsburg Fortress Publishers.
894:
745:, after emigrating to Illinois.
98:personal experience of salvation
1946:
1935:
1922:
1908:
1862:
1844:
1809:
1796:
1653:
1366:
1342:
1317:
1292:
1224:
1206:Cartwright, Michael G. (2010).
1250:Concordia Historical Institute
957:
920:Conservative holiness movement
607:Old Order Schwarzenau Brethren
499:conservative holiness movement
435:personal conversion experience
205:, Radical Pietists believe in
13:
1:
1816:Brackney, William H. (2012).
1727:. Wipf and Stock Publishers.
1181:Granquist, Mark Alan (2015).
950:
945:Unity of the Brethren (Texas)
833:and the emergence of radical
541:) to herald the doctrines of
359:Community of True Inspiration
353:Community of True Inspiration
287:Community of True Inspiration
147:Community of True Inspiration
1723:Stutzman, Paul Fike (2011).
1398:Howe, Daniel Walker (2007).
1373:Priestley, David T. (1994).
1278:. Rowman & Littlefield.
84:. Leadership emphasized the
7:
1753:Ratliff, Walter R. (2010).
1406:. Oxford University Press.
1324:Gehrz, Chris (2011-08-12).
1160:. Mercer University Press.
1067:Ratliff, Walter R. (2010).
1017:Shantz, Douglas H. (2013).
887:
397:Evangelical Covenant Church
295:Evangelical Covenant Church
159:Evangelical Covenant Church
10:
2087:
2021:Baptist General Conference
1585:Bronner, Simon J. (2015).
1536:Melton, J. Gordon (1978).
1156:Kuenning, Paul P. (1988).
1051:Princeton University Press
851:, who initially supported
589:A church belonging to the
547:nonconformity to the world
444:
330:Baptist General Conference
283:Baptist General Conference
196:
151:Baptist General Conference
2041:Mennonite Brethren Church
2026:Brethren in Christ Church
1874:December 1, 2007, at the
1458:Brill Academic Publishers
1097:Carter, Craig A. (2007).
1047:Religion in American life
789:
458:Brethren in Christ Church
423:Mennonite Brethren Church
303:Mennonite Brethren Church
273:of their transgressions.
175:Brethren in Christ Church
149:(Inspirationalists), the
143:Mennonite Brethren Church
2046:Temple Society Australia
1892:Encyclopaedia Britannica
1635:Bowman, Carl F. (1995).
1551:Cates, James A. (2014).
1511:Lewis, James R. (2002).
1452:Shantz, Douglas (2014).
1427:Schneider, Hans (2007).
718:(1785–1906), founded by
666:Temple Society Australia
523:Old Order River Brethren
515:Old Order River Brethren
505:Old Order River Brethren
328:, formerly known as the
183:Old Order River Brethren
88:of adherents instead of
2031:Brethren World Assembly
1665:Dunkard Brethren Church
1486:Toews, John B. (1993).
1303:. Casemate Publishers.
910:Conservative Anabaptism
782:
662:Second Coming of Christ
611:Dunkard Brethren Church
513:Women belonging to the
475:Calvary Holiness Church
401:Evangelical Free Church
299:Evangelical Free Church
222:. They also believe in
179:Calvary Holiness Church
163:Evangelical Free Church
63:Christian denominations
1966:Books and articles in
1804:Främlingarna på Skevik
1429:German Radical Pietism
987:. Zondervan Academic.
706:from Germany in 1694.
690:(1610–1674) founded a
649:
615:Church of the Brethren
598:
591:Church of the Brethren
518:
392:
367:
39:
1350:"The German Baptists"
1330:The Pietist Schoolman
831:Third Great Awakening
726:(1817–1898), and the
640:
629:, and the Eucharist.
588:
551:conversion experience
512:
386:
361:, today based in the
33:
2071:Christian radicalism
1918:. 1968. p. 257.
1778:Pappé, Ilan (2015).
915:Conservative Friends
682:Acts of the Apostles
672:Communitarian living
603:Schwarzenau Brethren
595:Schwarzenau Brethren
581:Schwarzenau Brethren
471:second work of grace
315:Schwarzenau Brethren
245:, also practice the
239:Schwarzenau Brethren
235:Schwarzenau Brethren
191:Schwarzenau Brethren
113:Philipp Jakob Spener
36:Nordische Sammlungen
1252:. 1983. p. 65.
902:Christianity portal
724:Zoarite Separatists
619:The Brethren Church
203:Pietistic Lutherans
2051:United Zion Church
1989:Johannes Burkardt/
1856:2007-10-23 at the
1071:. Walter Ratliff.
963:Ronald J. Gordon:
796:Methodist Churches
763:John Amos Comenius
743:Bishop Hill Colony
650:
599:
567:United Zion Church
561:United Zion Church
539:United Zion Church
535:Brethren in Christ
519:
417:Mennonite Brethren
393:
277:Active communities
189:), as well as the
187:United Zion Church
173:(inclusive of the
47:Christian churches
40:
1829:978-0-8108-7365-0
1782:. Zed Books Ltd.
1705:978-1-317-47194-3
1354:sites.ualberta.ca
861:radical orthodoxy
815:German immigrants
798:, as well as the
464:after a group of
263:swearing of oaths
249:, which includes
153:, members of the
34:Title page from "
16:(Redirected from
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1991:Michael Knieriem
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462:Lancaster County
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259:closed communion
109:Gottfried Arnold
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800:Moravian Church
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688:Jean de Labadie
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229:With regard to
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55:Church Pietists
43:Radical Pietism
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224:non-resistance
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90:sacramentalism
86:sanctification
70:ethical purity
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678:communities
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491:footwashing
483:plain dress
460:emerged in
373:Holy Spirit
251:footwashing
105:Jakob Böhme
51:Lutheranism
2060:Categories
1381:2024-04-25
1359:2024-04-26
1335:2024-04-26
951:References
866:Kantianism
849:Karl Barth
827:Puritanism
487:temperance
466:Mennonites
427:evangelism
313:, and the
207:separation
123:maturity,
82:asceticism
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1696:Routledge
1661:"History"
930:Methodism
874:Schelling
813:, due to
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696:Labadists
646:Palestine
627:holy kiss
623:lovefeast
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368:Werkzeuge
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247:lovefeast
212:New Birth
121:spiritual
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1894:. 2003.
1872:Archived
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1133:ABC-CLIO
888:See also
654:Templers
642:Templers
537:and the
495:pacifism
399:and the
326:Converge
307:Templers
297:and the
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267:elders
220:prayer
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878:Hegel
533:(the
128:study
125:Bible
117:piety
1896:ISBN
1834:OCLC
1824:ISBN
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1759:ISBN
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1700:ISBN
1677:2022
1641:ISBN
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