1327:
1390:
1306:
1348:
1180:
1201:
1264:
1369:
102:
434:
598:
44:
495:
for progeny. Because +ssRNA viruses create intermediate dsRNA forms, they have to avoid the host's immune system in order to replicate. +ssRNA viruses accomplish this by replicating in membrane-associated vesicles that are used as replication factories. For many +ssRNA viruses, subgenomic portions of the genome will be transcribed to translate specific proteins, whereas others will transcribe a polyprotein that is cleaved to produce separate proteins.
1285:
1222:
1243:
1159:
585:
than one virus is present in a cell, and the more alleles are present, the more likely recombination is to occur. A key difference between copy choice recombination and reassortment is that copy choice recombination can occur anywhere in a genome, whereas reassortment swaps fully-replicated segments. Therefore, copy choice recombination can produce non-functional viral proteins whereas reassortment cannot.
577:, though rates of recombination vary significantly, with lower rates in -ssRNA viruses and higher rates in dsRNA and +ssRNA viruses. There are two types of recombination: copy choice recombination and reassortment. Copy choice recombination occurs when the RdRp switches templates during synthesis without releasing the prior, newly created RNA strand, which generates a genome of mixed ancestry.
589:
higher rates of mutations and recombinations, up to a certain point, improve viruses' ability to adapt. Notable examples of this include reassortments that enable cross-species transmission of influenza viruses, which have led to numerous pandemics, as well as the emergence of drug-resistance influenza strains via mutations that were reassorted.
533:
For dsRNA viruses, RdRp transcribes mRNA by using the negative strand as a template. Positive strands may also be used as templates to synthesize negative strands for the construction of genomic dsRNA. dsRNA is not a molecule produced by cells, so cellular life has evolved mechanisms to detect and
494:
Positive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that can function as mRNA, so transcription is not necessary. However, +ssRNA will produce dsRNA forms as part of the process of replicating their genomes. From the dsRNA, additional positive strands are synthesized, which may be used as mRNA or for genomes
588:
The mutation rate of a virus is associated with the rate of genetic recombinations. Higher mutation rates increase both the number of advantageous and disadvantageous mutations, whereas higher rates of recombination allows for beneficial mutations to be separated from deleterious ones. Therefore,
584:
For reassortment, some segmented viruses package their genomes into multiple virions, which produces genomes that are random mixtures of parents, whereas for those that are packaged into a single virion, typically individual segments are swapped. Both forms of recombination can only occur if more
1110:
have been known throughout much of history, but their cause was only discovered in modern times. As a whole, RNA viruses were discovered during a time period of major advancements in molecular biology, including the discovery of mRNA as the immediate carrier of genetic information for protein
503:
Negative-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function as templates from which mRNA can be synthesized directly by RdRp. Replication is the same process but executed on the positive sense antigenome, during which RdRp ignores all transcription signals so that a complete -ssRNA genome can be
836:
system, which groups viruses together based on their manner of mRNA synthesis, and which is often used alongside standard virus taxonomy, which is based on evolutionary history. Those three groups are Group III: dsRNA viruses, Group IV: +ssRNA viruses, and Group V: -ssRNA viruses.
668:, which contains six official phyla, six unofficial phyla and several taxa that are unassigned to a phylum due to lack of information. The five phyla are separated based on the genome types, host ranges, and genetic similarity of member viruses.
640:, the latter of which are self-replicating DNA sequences that integrate themselves into other parts of the same DNA molecule. A larger study (2022) where new lieneages (phyla) were described, has suggested that RNA viruses descend from the
334:
instead of an RdRp for replication. The kingdom is subdivided into five phyla that separate member viruses based on their genome type, host range, and genetic similarity. Viruses with three genome types are included:
477:, and dsRNA viruses have both. This structure of the genome is important in terms of transcription to synthesize viral mRNA as well as replication of the genome, both of which are carried out by the viral enzyme
524:
for the mRNA. Some -ssRNA viruses are essentially ambisense, and have proteins encoded by both the positive and negative strand, so mRNA is synthesized directly from the genome and from a complementary strand.
1119:, which often aims to prevent viral infections. In modern history, numerous disease outbreaks have been caused by RdRp-encoding RNA viruses, including outbreaks caused by coronaviruses, ebola, and influenza.
656:
lineage (phylum) would be the ancestors of all RNA viruses. According to this study the genomes of both dsRNA, +ssRNA and -ssRNA evolved independently and were altered several times in evolution.
445:
typically do not encode many proteins, but most positive-sense, single-stranded (+ssRNA) viruses and some double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses encode a major capsid protein that has a single
581:, which is restricted to viruses with segmented genomes, has segments from different genomes packaged into a single virion, or virus particle, which also produces hybrid progeny.
504:
synthesized. -ssRNA viruses vary between those that initiate transcription by the RdRp creating a cap on the 5'-end (usually pronounced "five prime end") of the genome or by
1115:
was discovered in 1898 and was the first virus to be discovered. Viruses in the kingdom that are transmitted by arthropods have been a key target in the development of
3084:
1074:
is estimated to cause more than US$ 1 billion in damages annually, affecting more than 800 plant species including chrysanthemum, lettuce, peanut, pepper, and tomato.
1326:
1064:
genera are numerous and often transmitted to humans. Coronaviruses and influenza viruses cause disease in various vertebrates, including bats, birds, and pigs.
461:
membrane that typically surrounds the capsid. In particular, the viral envelope is near-universal among negative-sense, single-stranded (-ssRNA) viruses.
5381:
534:
inactivate viral dsRNA. To counter this, dsRNA viruses typically retain their genomes inside of viral capsid in order to evade the host's immune system.
5855:
780:
6432:
5954:
5149:
3428:
845:
RNA viruses are associated with a wide range of disease, including many of the most widely known viral diseases. Notable disease-causing viruses in
6251:
5919:
5862:
5834:
5806:
5476:
5160:
5091:
4351:
4344:
3435:
3393:
3386:
762:
566:. Mutations in genes that are essential for replication lead to a reduced number of progeny, so viral genomes typically contain sequences that are
1389:
6446:
6300:
5827:
5820:
4640:
3456:
3442:
3400:
860:
771:
6538:
6489:
6439:
6418:
5869:
3379:
3077:
1179:
798:
789:
741:
732:
652:
374:. In modern history, RdRp-encoding RNA viruses have caused numerous disease outbreaks, and they infect many economically important crops. Most
212:
6966:
6258:
5331:
5324:
1098:, while not causing significant economic losses, is found throughout much of the world and primarily infects grasses, including cereals.
3070:
1305:
2376:"Double-stranded RNA sequencing reveals distinct riboviruses associated with thermoacidophilic bacteria from hot springs in Japan"
1347:
2980:"An evaluation of emergency guidelines issued by the World Health Organization in response to four infectious disease outbreaks"
378:
viruses, including most human, animal, and plant viruses, are RdRp-encoding RNA viruses. In contrast, there are relatively few
2689:
1613:
1263:
1200:
736:, which contains -ssRNA viruses of ambisense that infect fungi and enconding self-cleaving RNA ribozymes found in viroids.
644:, suggesting that retroelements (retrotransposons and group II introns) originated from an ancestor related to the phylum
1036:
682:, and which encode a capsid composed of a 60 homo- or heterodimers of capsid proteins organized on a lattice with pseudo
2010:"Highly conserved regions of influenza a virus polymerase gene segments are critical for efficient viral RNA packaging"
1185:
1332:
6971:
554:
mechanisms to repair errors. Mutations in RNA viruses are often influenced by host factors such as dsRNA-dependent
52:
706:, which contains +ssRNA viruses that infect prokaryotes and eukaryotes and which do not cluster with members of
1959:"The not-so-infinite malleability of RNA viruses: Viral and cellular determinants of RNA virus mutation rates"
965:
508:
from host mRNA and attaching it to the viral RNA. For many -ssRNA viruses, at the end of transcription, RdRp
678:, which contains dsRNA viruses that infect prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which do not cluster with members of
473:
have three different types of genomes: dsRNA, +ssRNA, and -ssRNA. Single-stranded RNA viruses have either a
1368:
1024:
727:, which contains +ssRNA and dsRNA viruses that infect eukaryotes and which do not cluster with other phyla.
478:
282:
88:
632:
is not well established, but the viral RdRp shows a relation to the reverse transcriptase (RT) enzymes of
101:
7009:
4870:
1595:
913:
344:
228:
17:
6614:
6119:
5193:
3039:"Riboviria: establishing a single taxon that comprises RNA viruses at the basal rank of virus taxonomy"
1395:
1041:
784:, which contains +ssRNA viruses which contain strange ("paraxeno") RdRp domain sequences and morphology
84:
1071:
1030:
474:
423:
419:
415:
340:
336:
203:
155:
2276:
Zayed AA, Wainaina JM, Dominguez-Huerta G, Pelletier E, Guo J, Mohssen M, et al. (April 2022).
1221:
3093:
833:
3038:
1284:
1242:
6931:
2780:
Scholthof KB, Adkins S, Czosnek H, Palukaitis P, Jacquot E, Hohn T, et al. (December 2011).
1519:
Wolf YI, Kazlauskas D, Iranzo J, Lucía-Sanz A, Kuhn JH, Krupovic M, et al. (November 2018).
1158:
286:
2927:
Wilson AL, Courtenay O, Kelly-Hope LA, Scott TW, Takken W, Torr SJ, et al. (January 2020).
2374:
Urayama SI, Fukudome A, Hirai M, Okumura T, Nishimura Y, Takaki Y, et al. (February 2024).
1646:"Nanoscale cellular organization of viral RNA and proteins in SARS-CoV-2 replication organelles"
1086:
causes significant reductions in yield and quality for pepper, potato, tobacco, and tomato, and
694:, which contains +ssRNA viruses that infect eukaryotes and which do not cluster with members of
6893:
2672:
Fehr AR, Perlamn S (2015). "Coronaviruses: An
Overview of Their Replication and Pathogenesis".
934:
901:
775:, which contains an -ssRNA viruses abundant in the arctic ("arcti") that probably infects algae
551:
350:
Many of the most widely known viral diseases are caused by members of this kingdom, including
1485:"Create a megataxonomic framework, filling all principal taxonomic ranks, for realm Riboviria"
1483:
Koonin EV, Dolja VV, Krupovic M, Varsani A, Wolf YI, Yutin N, et al. (18 October 2019).
1076:
927:
574:
509:
449:, so named because the folded structure of the protein contains a structure that resembles a
331:
306:
6999:
6940:
3097:
2991:
2929:"The importance of vector control for the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases"
2736:
2289:
2225:
1568:
1147:
was established to separate RdRp-encoding RNA viruses from reversing transcribing viruses.
920:
371:
297:
the genome. Viruses in this kingdom share a number of characteristics which promote rapid
96:
72:
1797:
8:
6079:
3838:
3313:
825:
555:
2995:
2884:
Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
2740:
2400:
2375:
2310:
2293:
2277:
2229:
1670:
1645:
64:
7014:
4397:
4032:
4018:
3610:
3014:
2979:
2955:
2928:
2904:
2879:
2855:
2830:
2806:
2781:
2757:
2724:
2700:
2649:
2624:
2600:
2573:
2549:
2524:
2500:
2473:
2449:
2424:
2323:
2278:"Cryptic and abundant marine viruses at the evolutionary origins of Earth's RNA virome"
2189:
2162:
2135:
2110:
2086:
2061:
2034:
2009:
1985:
1958:
1934:
1909:
1619:
1605:
1545:
1520:
1094:
993:
567:
6554:
5513:
5388:
5367:
5260:
4916:
4574:
4216:
3779:
3372:
3299:
3019:
2960:
2909:
2860:
2811:
2797:
2762:
2705:
2685:
2654:
2605:
2554:
2505:
2454:
2405:
2327:
2315:
2253:
2248:
2213:
2194:
2163:"RNA Virus Reassortment: An Evolutionary Mechanism for Host Jumps and Immune Evasion"
2140:
2091:
2039:
1990:
1939:
1675:
1609:
1550:
953:
895:
890:
885:
601:
294:
56:
1623:
1137:
was expanded to also include reverse transcribing viruses, placed under the kingdom
7004:
6344:
6272:
6165:
5740:
5682:
5645:
5374:
5105:
5063:
5011:
4974:
4944:
4905:
4759:
4685:
4542:
3864:
3827:
3801:
3759:
3560:
3550:
3365:
3217:
3188:
3062:
3009:
2999:
2950:
2940:
2899:
2891:
2850:
2842:
2801:
2793:
2752:
2744:
2695:
2677:
2644:
2636:
2595:
2585:
2544:
2536:
2495:
2485:
2444:
2436:
2395:
2387:
2305:
2297:
2243:
2233:
2184:
2174:
2130:
2122:
2081:
2073:
2029:
2021:
1980:
1970:
1929:
1921:
1665:
1657:
1601:
1540:
1532:
1484:
1274:
1080:
infects more than 1,200 plant species and likewise causes significant crop losses.
1018:
674:
274:
251:
237:
76:
2425:"Re-emergence of bluetongue, African horse sickness, and other orbivirus diseases"
1644:
Andronov L, Han M, Zhu Y, Balaji A, Roy AR, Barentine AE, et al. (May 2024).
757:(specif and is the first phylum discovered by the Tara Oceans expedition ("tara").
6916:
6804:
6675:
6510:
6458:
6371:
6327:
6316:
6154:
6006:
5947:
5771:
5492:
5422:
5310:
5293:
5228:
4825:
4780:
4501:
4008:
3790:
3701:
3621:
3517:
3004:
2945:
2540:
2179:
1975:
1429:
1358:
1337:
1316:
1295:
986:
907:
714:
690:
637:
633:
521:
446:
359:
298:
219:
192:
185:
171:
2681:
6847:
6825:
6793:
6758:
6664:
6629:
6565:
6408:
6397:
6360:
6202:
6086:
5976:
5905:
5895:
5656:
5448:
5411:
5317:
5112:
4696:
4669:
4316:
4305:
4209:
4174:
4167:
4153:
4146:
4095:
4067:
3997:
3986:
3951:
3735:
3538:
3407:
3344:
3278:
3256:
3178:
2474:"Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Transmission: A Comparison of Incriminated Vectors"
2391:
2218:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1661:
1597:
Viruses: Molecular
Biology, Host Interactions and Applications to Biotechnology
1116:
1088:
1082:
1044:
causes disease in cattle, horses, and pigs. Bats harbor many viruses including
550:
because RdRp is prone to making errors in replication since it typically lacks
454:
395:
327:
2640:
1925:
1133:
was established in 2018 and included only RdRp-encoding RNA viruses. In 2019,
1052:, which also can cause disease in humans. Similarly, arthropod viruses in the
6988:
6815:
6710:
6696:
6524:
6517:
6496:
6337:
6286:
6279:
6039:
6017:
5990:
5966:
5926:
5883:
5848:
5841:
5813:
5799:
5792:
5693:
5629:
5600:
5579:
5558:
5547:
5527:
5459:
5281:
5250:
5239:
5084:
4951:
4937:
4927:
4818:
4770:
4713:
4706:
4553:
4453:
4327:
4241:
4223:
4202:
4188:
4088:
4025:
3975:
3897:
3875:
3848:
3811:
3713:
3680:
3528:
3506:
3306:
3289:
3267:
3245:
3167:
3156:
2440:
2238:
1400:
1379:
1353:
1227:
979:
702:
646:
505:
363:
290:
164:
3037:
Gorbalenya AE, Krupovic M, Siddell S, Varsani A, Kuhn JH (15 October 2018).
2301:
2126:
6994:
6837:
6782:
6717:
6686:
6653:
6503:
6475:
6293:
6265:
6244:
6230:
6223:
6213:
6049:
5983:
5912:
5760:
5730:
5719:
5666:
5622:
5612:
5593:
5569:
5520:
5432:
5345:
5303:
5142:
5074:
5052:
5032:
5022:
4832:
4748:
4659:
4630:
4618:
4608:
4596:
4586:
4564:
4522:
4512:
4485:
4464:
4442:
4418:
4408:
4386:
4283:
4234:
4195:
4181:
4160:
3929:
3907:
3885:
3752:
3654:
3642:
3599:
3588:
3495:
3484:
3449:
3355:
3207:
3023:
2964:
2913:
2895:
2864:
2846:
2815:
2766:
2709:
2658:
2609:
2558:
2509:
2490:
2458:
2409:
2319:
2257:
2198:
2144:
2095:
2043:
1994:
1943:
1679:
1554:
1211:
1190:
1169:
1139:
867:
818:
750:
723:
683:
578:
367:
310:
278:
244:
178:
1536:
1070:
in the kingdom are numerous and infect many economically important crops.
433:
6925:
6703:
6482:
6468:
6381:
6237:
6027:
5940:
5933:
5876:
5782:
5703:
5586:
5503:
5469:
5395:
5357:
5338:
5274:
5267:
5098:
4958:
4647:
4475:
4375:
4270:
4120:
4102:
4078:
3941:
3919:
3745:
3723:
3691:
3632:
3421:
3333:
3195:
3145:
3121:
2025:
1424:
1311:
1253:
1248:
1232:
1164:
1067:
1060:
1049:
854:
754:
746:
597:
355:
351:
60:
2077:
1129:, intended to accommodate all RdRp-encoding RNA viruses. Prior to 2019,
43:
6575:
6531:
6425:
6186:
4995:
4985:
4737:
4337:
3664:
3414:
2978:
Norris SL, Sawin VI, Ferri M, Reques Sastre L, Porgo TV (30 May 2018).
2748:
1442:
1206:
1054:
1045:
1000:
959:
947:
880:
874:
745:, which contains basal dsRNA or +ssRNA viruses that most likely infect
450:
379:
68:
2275:
766:, which contains dsRNA viruses that infect thermoacidophilic bacteria.
6953:
6771:
6642:
6176:
6132:
5206:
4883:
4855:
4294:
3134:
3106:
2590:
1269:
1013:
972:
941:
641:
559:
375:
322:
126:
80:
6887:
1875:
1849:
1823:
1771:
1745:
1719:
1693:
6958:
6910:
1445:, which do not encode RdRp and which therefore are not included in
547:
302:
1016:, which cause various diseases in ruminants and horses, including
6945:
1290:
563:
517:
3036:
2779:
2471:
2111:"Reassortment in segmented RNA viruses: mechanisms and outcomes"
793:, which contains two +ssRNA viruses which infect ambiguous hosts
2525:"Viruses in bats and potential spillover to animals and humans"
2348:
1374:
513:
2926:
1518:
573:
Many RdRp-encoding RNA viruses also experience a high rate of
2977:
2472:
Rozo-Lopez P, Drolet BS, Londoño-Renteria B (December 2018).
458:
270:
113:
2373:
2109:
McDonald SM, Nelson MI, Turner PE, Patton JT (July 2016).
2108:
1850:"Ambisense transcription in negative stranded RNA viruses"
1482:
437:
Genome type and replication cycle of different RNA viruses
87:. Center: phylogenetic tree of shared replication protein
1432:
activity as part of a protein that is distinct from RdRp.
664:
RNA viruses that encode RdRp are assigned to the kingdom
2160:
2007:
2008:
Marsh GA, Rabadán R, Levine AJ, Palese P (March 2008).
718:, which contains -ssRNA viruses that infect eukaryotes.
330:
that may have been a non-viral molecule that encoded a
1125:
was established in 2019 as a kingdom within the realm
3046:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
1492:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
1092:
is the most important virus among stone fruit crops.
3092:
2880:"Milestones in the research on tobacco mosaic virus"
1907:
1643:
2782:"Top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology"
2676:. Methods Mol Biol. Vol. 1282. pp. 1–23.
2059:
1824:"Negative-stranded RNA virus polymerase stuttering"
4395:
2422:
2161:Vijaykrishna D, Mukerji R, Smith GJ (July 2015).
6986:
2722:
2574:"Historical Perspectives on Flavivirus Research"
2355:. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
1521:"Origins and Evolution of the Global RNA Virome"
1422:The exception is that some members of the order
484:
5061:
4757:
3799:
2156:
2154:
861:Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus
6802:
6673:
6369:
6325:
6152:
5420:
4006:
3515:
2877:
528:
498:
489:
370:, as well as the first virus ever discovered,
6791:
6662:
6563:
5654:
4694:
4314:
4303:
3995:
3984:
3342:
3276:
3254:
3078:
6141:
5691:
5457:
5215:
4925:
4892:
4768:
4325:
3504:
3287:
3165:
3154:
2522:
2211:
2151:
1908:Sanjuán R, Domingo-Calap P (December 2016).
6780:
6684:
6651:
6211:
5728:
5072:
5020:
4746:
4510:
4406:
4384:
3493:
3353:
2723:Webster RG, Govorkova EA (September 2014).
2671:
2423:Maclachlan NJ, Guthrie AJ (December 2010).
1746:"Negative-stranded RNA virus transcription"
805:The unassigned taxa are listed hereafter (-
398:ὀρθός , meaning straight, the middle part,
5501:
4473:
3143:
3085:
3071:
2828:
2729:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
42:
6756:
4983:
3013:
3003:
2954:
2944:
2903:
2854:
2805:
2756:
2699:
2648:
2599:
2589:
2548:
2499:
2489:
2448:
2399:
2309:
2247:
2237:
2188:
2178:
2134:
2085:
2033:
1984:
1974:
1933:
1772:"Negative stranded RNA virus replication"
1694:"Positive stranded RNA virus replication"
1669:
1544:
832:The kingdom contains three groups in the
749:with deficient cell walls and eukaryotic
570:over time with relatively few mutations.
6769:
6640:
6627:
6174:
6130:
5204:
5191:
4881:
2871:
2571:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2102:
2060:Simon-Loriere E, Holmes EC (July 2011).
2055:
2053:
1868:
596:
516:in the genome, synthesizing hundreds of
432:
6117:
2831:"A short biased history of RNA viruses"
2622:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2337:
1894:
1876:"Double-stranded RNA virus replication"
1816:
1764:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
650:and that members of a newly discovered
558:, which edit viral genomes by changing
406:is the suffix used for virus kingdoms.
14:
6987:
4868:
2971:
2920:
2523:Wang LF, Anderson DE (February 2019).
2212:Drake JW, Holland JJ (November 1999).
1593:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
6892:
6891:
6755:
6626:
6116:
5190:
4867:
4268:
4267:
3118:
3066:
3030:
2878:Harrison BD, Wilson TM (March 1999).
2264:
2205:
2050:
2001:
1956:
1950:
1738:
1686:
3119:
2725:"Continuing challenges in influenza"
2334:
1914:Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
1842:
1712:
1463:
1882:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1856:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1830:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1804:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1790:
1778:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1752:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1726:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1700:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1575:. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
1505:
1037:epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus
481:(RdRp), also called RNA replicase.
24:
2214:"Mutation rates among RNA viruses"
1606:10.1016/B978-0-12-811257-1.00002-4
1561:
1186:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
1106:Diseases caused by RNA viruses in
604:with phylum branches highlighted.
546:experience a high rate of genetic
409:
25:
7026:
1333:Human respiratory syncytial virus
659:
475:positive or negative sense strand
2933:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
2798:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00752.x
1388:
1367:
1346:
1325:
1304:
1283:
1262:
1241:
1220:
1199:
1178:
1157:
592:
100:
2822:
2773:
2716:
2665:
2616:
2565:
2516:
2465:
2416:
2367:
2062:"Why do RNA viruses recombine?"
1435:
1416:
520:in a row as part of creating a
2629:Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
2349:"Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release"
1910:"Mechanisms of viral mutation"
1720:"Subgenomic RNA transcription"
1637:
1587:
13:
1:
1456:
966:Rift Valley fever phlebovirus
485:Replication and transcription
277:(RNA), including genes which
3005:10.1371/journal.pone.0198125
2946:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007831
2541:10.1016/j.coviro.2018.12.007
2180:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004902
2115:Nature Reviews. Microbiology
2066:Nature Reviews. Microbiology
1976:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006254
1600:. Elsevier. pp. 35–46.
1025:African horse sickness virus
537:
479:RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
428:
385:
326:. They are descended from a
285:(RdRp). The RdRp is used to
283:RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
7:
2829:Kolakofsky D (April 2015).
2682:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1
2529:Current Opinion in Virology
914:Japanese encephalitis virus
529:Double-stranded RNA viruses
499:Negative-strand RNA viruses
490:Positive-strand RNA viruses
345:double-stranded RNA viruses
341:negative-strand RNA viruses
337:positive-strand RNA viruses
229:Double-stranded RNA viruses
204:Negative-strand RNA viruses
156:Positive-strand RNA viruses
10:
7031:
2572:Holbrook MR (April 2017).
2392:10.1038/s41564-023-01579-5
1662:10.1038/s41467-024-48991-x
1396:Vesicular stomatitis virus
1150:
1101:
1042:vesicular stomatitis virus
840:
413:
301:, including high rates of
289:the viral RNA genome into
273:that have genomes made of
85:vesicular stomatitis virus
6900:
6835:
6813:
6765:
6751:
6636:
6622:
6613:
6552:
6456:
6406:
6395:
6358:
6314:
6200:
6163:
6126:
6112:
6067:
6037:
6015:
6004:
5964:
5893:
5780:
5769:
5758:
5717:
5680:
5643:
5610:
5567:
5556:
5545:
5490:
5446:
5409:
5355:
5291:
5248:
5237:
5226:
5200:
5186:
5130:
5050:
5009:
4972:
4914:
4903:
4877:
4863:
4854:
4806:
4735:
4683:
4657:
4628:
4606:
4584:
4562:
4551:
4540:
4499:
4462:
4451:
4440:
4373:
4292:
4281:
4277:
4263:
4134:
4112:
4076:
4065:
4058:
3973:
3939:
3917:
3895:
3873:
3862:
3836:
3825:
3788:
3777:
3733:
3711:
3689:
3678:
3652:
3630:
3619:
3608:
3597:
3586:
3548:
3526:
3482:
3331:
3265:
3243:
3205:
3176:
3132:
3128:
3114:
3105:
2786:Molecular Plant Pathology
2641:10.1016/j.cll.2017.01.004
1926:10.1007/s00018-016-2299-6
1072:Tomato spotted wilt virus
1031:Equine encephalosis virus
464:
424:Double-stranded RNA virus
420:Negative-strand RNA virus
416:Positive-strand RNA virus
151:
146:
95:
51:Clockwise from top left:
50:
41:
34:
2239:10.1073/pnas.96.24.13910
1409:
834:Baltimore classification
382:viruses in the kingdom.
2623:Hartman A (June 2017).
2302:10.1126/science.abm5847
2127:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.46
1957:Smith EC (April 2017).
453:. Many also possess an
2896:10.1098/rstb.1999.0403
2847:10.1261/rna.049916.115
2491:10.3390/insects9040190
2441:10.1051/vetres/2010007
935:Mumps orthorubulavirus
902:Human orthopneumovirus
625:
438:
402:, refers to RNA, and -
1650:Nature Communications
1537:10.1128/mBio.02329-18
1077:Cucumber mosaic virus
928:Measles morbillivirus
600:
575:genetic recombination
436:
332:reverse transcriptase
3098:virus classification
2026:10.1128/JVI.02267-07
1428:encode proofreading
1113:Tobacco mosaic virus
921:Lassa mammarenavirus
809:denotes family and -
636:that encode RTs and
628:The exact origin of
556:adenosine deaminases
372:tobacco mosaic virus
320:belong to the realm
97:Virus classification
73:tobacco mosaic virus
6080:Permutotetraviridae
3839:Orthopolintovirales
3314:Malacoherpesviridae
2996:2018PLoSO..1398125N
2741:2014NYASA1323..115W
2625:"Rift Valley Fever"
2429:Veterinary Research
2380:Nature Microbiology
2353:talk.ictvonline.org
2294:2022Sci...376..156Z
2230:1999PNAS...9613910D
2224:(24): 13910–13913.
2078:10.1038/nrmicro2614
2014:Journal of Virology
826:Permutotetraviridae
796:(proposed) Phylum:
787:(proposed) Phylum:
778:(proposed) Phylum:
769:(proposed) Phylum:
760:(proposed) Phylum:
739:(proposed) Phylum:
522:polyadenylated tail
7010:Kingdoms (biology)
4398:Malgrandaviricetes
4033:Sphaerolipoviridae
4019:Matshushitaviridae
3611:Nucleocytoviricota
2749:10.1111/nyas.12462
1095:Brome mosaic virus
1008:Animal viruses in
994:Yellow fever virus
626:
439:
390:The first part of
147:Phyla and classes
27:Kingdom of viruses
6982:
6981:
6894:Taxon identifiers
6885:
6884:
6881:
6880:
6877:
6876:
6873:
6872:
6869:
6868:
6865:
6864:
6861:
6860:
6857:
6856:
6747:
6746:
6743:
6742:
6739:
6738:
6735:
6734:
6731:
6730:
6727:
6726:
6609:
6608:
6605:
6604:
6601:
6600:
6597:
6596:
6593:
6592:
6589:
6588:
6585:
6584:
6555:Yunchangviricetes
6548:
6547:
6391:
6390:
6354:
6353:
6310:
6309:
6196:
6195:
6108:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6096:
6095:
6063:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6000:
5999:
5754:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5713:
5712:
5676:
5675:
5639:
5638:
5541:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5514:Carmotetraviridae
5486:
5485:
5442:
5441:
5405:
5404:
5389:Gammaflexiviridae
5382:Deltaflexiviridae
5368:Alphaflexiviridae
5261:Alphatetraviridae
5182:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5126:
5125:
5122:
5121:
5046:
5045:
5042:
5041:
5005:
5004:
4968:
4967:
4917:Chrymotiviricetes
4850:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4731:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4723:
4722:
4679:
4678:
4575:Bacilladnaviridae
4536:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4495:
4494:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4369:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4259:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4217:Portogloboviridae
4130:
4129:
4054:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4042:
4041:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3858:
3857:
3821:
3820:
3780:Preplasmiviricota
3773:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3674:
3673:
3582:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3373:Autographiviridae
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3300:Alloherpesviridae
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3226:
2890:(1383): 521–529.
2691:978-1-4939-2437-0
2288:(6589): 156–162.
1920:(23): 4433–4448.
1615:978-0-12-811257-1
1594:Fermin G (2018).
954:Rabies lyssavirus
908:Influenza viruses
896:Hepatitis E virus
891:Hepatitis C virus
886:Hepatitis A virus
602:Phylogenetic tree
360:influenza viruses
262:
261:
232:
207:
159:
57:avian coronavirus
16:(Redirected from
7022:
6975:
6974:
6962:
6961:
6949:
6948:
6936:
6935:
6934:
6921:
6920:
6919:
6889:
6888:
6811:
6810:
6800:
6799:
6789:
6788:
6778:
6777:
6767:
6766:
6759:dsDNA-RT viruses
6753:
6752:
6682:
6681:
6671:
6670:
6660:
6659:
6649:
6648:
6638:
6637:
6630:ssRNA-RT viruses
6624:
6623:
6620:
6619:
6561:
6560:
6404:
6403:
6372:Serpentovirales
6367:
6366:
6345:Orthomyxoviridae
6323:
6322:
6273:Peribunyaviridae
6209:
6208:
6172:
6171:
6166:Chunqiuviricetes
6161:
6160:
6150:
6149:
6139:
6138:
6128:
6127:
6120:(–)ssRNA viruses
6114:
6113:
6013:
6012:
5856:Nanghoshaviridae
5778:
5777:
5767:
5766:
5741:Botourmiaviridae
5726:
5725:
5689:
5688:
5683:Howeltoviricetes
5652:
5651:
5646:Amabiliviricetes
5565:
5564:
5554:
5553:
5499:
5498:
5455:
5454:
5418:
5417:
5375:Betaflexiviridae
5246:
5245:
5235:
5234:
5224:
5223:
5213:
5212:
5202:
5201:
5194:(+)ssRNA viruses
5188:
5187:
5106:Picobirnaviridae
5070:
5069:
5064:Duplopiviricetes
5059:
5058:
5018:
5017:
5012:Vidaverviricetes
4981:
4980:
4975:Resentoviricetes
4945:Megabirnaviridae
4923:
4922:
4912:
4911:
4906:Duplornaviricota
4901:
4900:
4890:
4889:
4879:
4878:
4865:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4766:
4765:
4760:Huolimaviricetes
4755:
4754:
4744:
4743:
4692:
4691:
4686:Repensiviricetes
4560:
4559:
4549:
4548:
4543:Cressdnaviricota
4508:
4507:
4471:
4470:
4460:
4459:
4449:
4448:
4404:
4403:
4393:
4392:
4382:
4381:
4323:
4322:
4312:
4311:
4301:
4300:
4290:
4289:
4279:
4278:
4265:
4264:
4074:
4073:
4063:
4062:
4004:
4003:
3993:
3992:
3982:
3981:
3871:
3870:
3865:Tectiliviricetes
3834:
3833:
3828:Polintoviricetes
3802:Priklausovirales
3797:
3796:
3786:
3785:
3760:Marseilleviridae
3687:
3686:
3628:
3627:
3617:
3616:
3606:
3605:
3595:
3594:
3561:Papillomaviridae
3551:Zurhausenvirales
3524:
3523:
3513:
3512:
3502:
3501:
3491:
3490:
3366:Ackermannviridae
3351:
3350:
3340:
3339:
3285:
3284:
3274:
3273:
3263:
3262:
3252:
3251:
3218:Tristromaviridae
3189:Lipothrixviridae
3174:
3173:
3163:
3162:
3152:
3151:
3141:
3140:
3130:
3129:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3064:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3043:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3017:
3007:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2948:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2907:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2858:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2760:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2703:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2652:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2603:
2593:
2591:10.3390/v9050097
2569:
2563:
2562:
2552:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2503:
2493:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2452:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2403:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2345:
2332:
2331:
2313:
2273:
2262:
2261:
2251:
2241:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2192:
2182:
2158:
2149:
2148:
2138:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2089:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2020:(5): 2295–2304.
2005:
1999:
1998:
1988:
1978:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1905:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1673:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1548:
1531:(6): e02329-18.
1516:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1489:
1480:
1450:
1439:
1433:
1420:
1392:
1371:
1350:
1329:
1308:
1287:
1275:Orthomyxoviridae
1266:
1245:
1224:
1203:
1182:
1161:
1019:Bluetongue virus
813:denotes genus).
781:Paraxenoviricota
675:Duplornaviricota
638:retrotransposons
634:group II introns
610:Duplornaviricota
568:highly conserved
303:genetic mutation
275:ribonucleic acid
269:is a kingdom of
252:Duplopiviricetes
238:Duplornaviricota
226:
201:
153:
105:
104:
77:influenzavirus A
65:bacteriophage Qβ
46:
32:
31:
21:
7030:
7029:
7025:
7024:
7023:
7021:
7020:
7019:
6985:
6984:
6983:
6978:
6970:
6965:
6957:
6952:
6944:
6939:
6930:
6929:
6924:
6915:
6914:
6909:
6896:
6886:
6853:
6831:
6805:Revtraviricetes
6761:
6723:
6676:Revtraviricetes
6632:
6581:
6544:
6511:Paramyxoviridae
6459:Mononegavirales
6452:
6433:Crepuscuviridae
6387:
6350:
6328:Articulavirales
6317:Insthoviricetes
6306:
6192:
6155:Negarnaviricota
6122:
6092:
6055:
6033:
6007:Stelpaviricetes
5996:
5960:
5955:Polycipiviridae
5948:Dicistroviridae
5889:
5772:Pisoniviricetes
5746:
5709:
5672:
5635:
5606:
5533:
5493:Tolucaviricetes
5482:
5438:
5423:Amarillovirales
5401:
5351:
5311:Closteroviridae
5294:Martellivirales
5287:
5229:Kitrinoviricota
5196:
5166:
5150:Polymycoviridae
5118:
5038:
5001:
4964:
4873:
4838:
4826:Finnlakeviridae
4786:
4781:Pleolipoviridae
4719:
4675:
4653:
4624:
4602:
4580:
4528:
4502:Quintoviricetes
4491:
4424:
4357:
4273:
4247:
4126:
4108:
4038:
4009:Halopanivirales
3957:
3935:
3913:
3891:
3854:
3817:
3791:Maveriviricetes
3765:
3729:
3707:
3702:Phycodnaviridae
3670:
3648:
3622:Pokkesviricetes
3566:
3544:
3518:Papovaviricetes
3462:
3429:Rountreeviridae
3319:
3223:
3201:
3124:
3101:
3091:
3061:
3060:
3050:
3048:
3041:
3035:
3031:
2990:(5): e0198125.
2976:
2972:
2939:(1): e0007831.
2925:
2921:
2876:
2872:
2827:
2823:
2778:
2774:
2721:
2717:
2692:
2670:
2666:
2621:
2617:
2570:
2566:
2521:
2517:
2470:
2466:
2421:
2417:
2372:
2368:
2358:
2356:
2347:
2346:
2335:
2274:
2265:
2210:
2206:
2173:(7): e1004902.
2159:
2152:
2107:
2103:
2058:
2051:
2006:
2002:
1969:(4): e1006254.
1955:
1951:
1906:
1895:
1885:
1883:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1859:
1857:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1833:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1807:
1805:
1798:"Cap snatching"
1796:
1795:
1791:
1781:
1779:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1755:
1753:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1729:
1727:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1703:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1616:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1569:"Viral budding"
1567:
1566:
1562:
1517:
1506:
1496:
1494:
1487:
1481:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1440:
1436:
1430:exoribonuclease
1421:
1417:
1412:
1405:
1393:
1384:
1372:
1363:
1359:Paramyxoviridae
1351:
1342:
1338:Paramyxoviridae
1330:
1321:
1317:Paramyxoviridae
1309:
1300:
1296:Paramyxoviridae
1288:
1279:
1267:
1258:
1246:
1237:
1225:
1216:
1204:
1195:
1183:
1174:
1162:
1153:
1104:
1006:
987:West Nile virus
843:
715:Negarnaviricota
708:Kitrinoviricota
691:Kitrinoviricota
662:
614:Kitrinoviricota
606:Negarnaviricota
595:
542:RNA viruses in
540:
531:
506:snatching a cap
501:
492:
487:
467:
447:jelly roll fold
441:RNA viruses in
431:
426:
414:Main articles:
412:
410:Characteristics
388:
328:common ancestor
220:Negarnaviricota
193:Stelpaviricetes
186:Pisoniviricetes
172:Kitrinoviricota
99:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7028:
7018:
7017:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6980:
6979:
6977:
6976:
6963:
6950:
6937:
6922:
6906:
6904:
6898:
6897:
6883:
6882:
6879:
6878:
6875:
6874:
6871:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6863:
6862:
6859:
6858:
6855:
6854:
6852:
6851:
6848:Caulimoviridae
6843:
6841:
6833:
6832:
6830:
6829:
6826:Hepadnaviridae
6821:
6819:
6808:
6797:
6794:Artverviricota
6786:
6775:
6763:
6762:
6749:
6748:
6745:
6744:
6741:
6740:
6737:
6736:
6733:
6732:
6729:
6728:
6725:
6724:
6722:
6721:
6714:
6707:
6700:
6692:
6690:
6679:
6668:
6665:Artverviricota
6657:
6646:
6634:
6633:
6617:
6611:
6610:
6607:
6606:
6603:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6591:
6590:
6587:
6586:
6583:
6582:
6580:
6579:
6571:
6569:
6566:Goujianvirales
6558:
6550:
6549:
6546:
6545:
6543:
6542:
6535:
6528:
6521:
6514:
6507:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6479:
6472:
6464:
6462:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6450:
6443:
6436:
6429:
6422:
6414:
6412:
6409:Jingchuvirales
6401:
6398:Monjiviricetes
6393:
6392:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6385:
6377:
6375:
6364:
6361:Milneviricetes
6356:
6355:
6352:
6351:
6349:
6348:
6341:
6333:
6331:
6320:
6312:
6311:
6308:
6307:
6305:
6304:
6297:
6290:
6283:
6276:
6269:
6262:
6255:
6252:Leishbuviridae
6248:
6241:
6234:
6227:
6219:
6217:
6206:
6203:Ellioviricetes
6198:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6182:
6180:
6169:
6158:
6147:
6136:
6124:
6123:
6110:
6109:
6106:
6105:
6102:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6090:
6087:Sarthroviridae
6083:
6071:
6069:
6065:
6064:
6061:
6060:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6053:
6045:
6043:
6035:
6034:
6032:
6031:
6023:
6021:
6010:
6002:
6001:
5998:
5997:
5995:
5994:
5987:
5980:
5977:Alvernaviridae
5972:
5970:
5962:
5961:
5959:
5958:
5951:
5944:
5937:
5930:
5923:
5920:Solinviviridae
5916:
5909:
5906:Picornaviridae
5901:
5899:
5896:Picornavirales
5891:
5890:
5888:
5887:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5863:Nanhypoviridae
5859:
5852:
5845:
5838:
5835:Medioniviridae
5831:
5824:
5817:
5810:
5807:Cremegaviridae
5803:
5796:
5788:
5786:
5775:
5764:
5756:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5745:
5744:
5736:
5734:
5723:
5715:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5707:
5699:
5697:
5686:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5670:
5662:
5660:
5657:Wolframvirales
5649:
5641:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5626:
5618:
5616:
5608:
5607:
5605:
5604:
5597:
5590:
5583:
5575:
5573:
5562:
5551:
5543:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5532:
5531:
5524:
5517:
5509:
5507:
5496:
5488:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5480:
5477:Sinhaliviridae
5473:
5465:
5463:
5452:
5449:Magsaviricetes
5444:
5443:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5428:
5426:
5415:
5412:Flasuviricetes
5407:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5399:
5392:
5385:
5378:
5371:
5363:
5361:
5353:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5321:
5318:Endornaviridae
5314:
5307:
5299:
5297:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5285:
5278:
5271:
5264:
5256:
5254:
5243:
5232:
5221:
5210:
5198:
5197:
5184:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5168:
5167:
5165:
5164:
5161:Botybirnavirus
5153:
5146:
5134:
5132:
5128:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5116:
5113:Partitiviridae
5109:
5102:
5095:
5092:Curvulaviridae
5088:
5080:
5078:
5067:
5056:
5048:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5028:
5026:
5015:
5007:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4999:
4991:
4989:
4978:
4970:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4941:
4933:
4931:
4920:
4909:
4898:
4887:
4875:
4874:
4858:
4852:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4844:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4836:
4829:
4822:
4810:
4808:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4784:
4776:
4774:
4763:
4752:
4741:
4733:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4710:
4702:
4700:
4697:Geplafuvirales
4689:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4670:Redondoviridae
4665:
4663:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4644:
4636:
4634:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4614:
4612:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4592:
4590:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4578:
4570:
4568:
4557:
4546:
4538:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4518:
4516:
4505:
4497:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4481:
4479:
4468:
4457:
4446:
4438:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4414:
4412:
4401:
4390:
4379:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4352:Plectroviridae
4348:
4345:Paulinoviridae
4341:
4333:
4331:
4320:
4317:Faserviricetes
4309:
4306:Hofneiviricota
4298:
4287:
4275:
4274:
4261:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4238:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4210:Polydnaviridae
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4175:Globuloviridae
4171:
4168:Fuselloviridae
4164:
4157:
4154:Bicaudaviridae
4150:
4147:Ampullaviridae
4138:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4099:
4096:Hytrosaviridae
4092:
4084:
4082:
4071:
4068:Naldaviricetes
4060:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4014:
4012:
4001:
3998:Laserviricetes
3990:
3987:Dividoviricota
3979:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3955:
3952:Corticoviridae
3947:
3945:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3925:
3923:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3903:
3901:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3881:
3879:
3868:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3844:
3842:
3831:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3807:
3805:
3794:
3783:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3756:
3749:
3741:
3739:
3736:Pimascovirales
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3719:
3717:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3697:
3695:
3684:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3660:
3658:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3638:
3636:
3625:
3614:
3603:
3592:
3584:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3556:
3554:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3539:Polyomaviridae
3534:
3532:
3521:
3510:
3499:
3488:
3480:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3436:Salasmaviridae
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3408:Herelleviridae
3404:
3397:
3394:Drexlerviridae
3390:
3387:Demerecviridae
3383:
3376:
3369:
3361:
3359:
3348:
3345:Caudoviricetes
3337:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3295:
3293:
3282:
3279:Herviviricetes
3271:
3260:
3257:Heunggongvirae
3249:
3241:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3213:
3211:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3192:
3184:
3182:
3179:Ligamenvirales
3171:
3160:
3149:
3138:
3126:
3125:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3090:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3067:
3059:
3058:
3029:
2970:
2919:
2870:
2841:(4): 667–669.
2821:
2792:(9): 938–954.
2772:
2735:(1): 115–139.
2715:
2690:
2664:
2635:(2): 285–301.
2615:
2564:
2515:
2464:
2415:
2386:(2): 514–523.
2366:
2333:
2263:
2204:
2167:PLOS Pathogens
2150:
2121:(7): 448–460.
2101:
2072:(8): 617–626.
2049:
2000:
1963:PLOS Pathogens
1949:
1893:
1867:
1841:
1815:
1789:
1763:
1737:
1711:
1685:
1636:
1614:
1586:
1560:
1504:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1434:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1394:
1387:
1385:
1373:
1366:
1364:
1352:
1345:
1343:
1331:
1324:
1322:
1310:
1303:
1301:
1289:
1282:
1280:
1268:
1261:
1259:
1247:
1240:
1238:
1226:
1219:
1217:
1205:
1198:
1196:
1184:
1177:
1175:
1163:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1117:vector control
1103:
1100:
1089:Plum pox virus
1083:Potato virus Y
1005:
1004:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
957:
950:
945:
938:
931:
924:
917:
910:
905:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
871:
864:
857:
851:
842:
839:
830:
829:
822:
803:
802:
794:
785:
776:
767:
763:Artimaviricota
758:
737:
728:
719:
710:
698:
686:
684:T = 2 symmetry
661:
660:Classification
658:
594:
591:
539:
536:
530:
527:
500:
497:
491:
488:
486:
483:
466:
463:
430:
427:
411:
408:
387:
384:
293:(mRNA) and to
260:
259:
258:
257:
256:
255:
241:
224:
223:
216:
199:
198:
197:
196:
189:
175:
168:
149:
148:
144:
143:
136:
132:
131:
124:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
93:
92:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7027:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6990:
6973:
6968:
6964:
6960:
6955:
6951:
6947:
6942:
6938:
6933:
6932:Orthornavirae
6927:
6923:
6918:
6912:
6908:
6907:
6905:
6903:
6902:Orthornavirae
6899:
6895:
6890:
6850:
6849:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6840:
6839:
6834:
6828:
6827:
6823:
6822:
6820:
6818:
6817:
6816:Blubervirales
6812:
6809:
6807:
6806:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6795:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6784:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6773:
6768:
6764:
6760:
6754:
6750:
6720:
6719:
6715:
6713:
6712:
6711:Pseudoviridae
6708:
6706:
6705:
6701:
6699:
6698:
6697:Belpaoviridae
6694:
6693:
6691:
6689:
6688:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6677:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6666:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6655:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6644:
6639:
6635:
6631:
6625:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6612:
6578:
6577:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6568:
6567:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6556:
6551:
6541:
6540:
6536:
6534:
6533:
6529:
6527:
6526:
6525:Rhabdoviridae
6522:
6520:
6519:
6518:Pneumoviridae
6515:
6513:
6512:
6508:
6506:
6505:
6501:
6499:
6498:
6497:Mymonaviridae
6494:
6492:
6491:
6487:
6485:
6484:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6473:
6471:
6470:
6466:
6465:
6463:
6461:
6460:
6455:
6449:
6448:
6447:Natareviridae
6444:
6442:
6441:
6437:
6435:
6434:
6430:
6428:
6427:
6423:
6421:
6420:
6416:
6415:
6413:
6411:
6410:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6399:
6394:
6384:
6383:
6379:
6378:
6376:
6374:
6373:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6362:
6357:
6347:
6346:
6342:
6340:
6339:
6338:Amnoonviridae
6335:
6334:
6332:
6330:
6329:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6318:
6313:
6303:
6302:
6301:Wupedeviridae
6298:
6296:
6295:
6291:
6289:
6288:
6287:Phenuiviridae
6284:
6282:
6281:
6280:Phasmaviridae
6277:
6275:
6274:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6263:
6261:
6260:
6256:
6254:
6253:
6249:
6247:
6246:
6242:
6240:
6239:
6235:
6233:
6232:
6228:
6226:
6225:
6221:
6220:
6218:
6216:
6215:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6204:
6199:
6189:
6188:
6184:
6183:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6167:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6145:
6144:Orthornavirae
6140:
6137:
6135:
6134:
6129:
6125:
6121:
6115:
6111:
6089:
6088:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6076:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6066:
6052:
6051:
6047:
6046:
6044:
6042:
6041:
6040:Stellavirales
6036:
6030:
6029:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6020:
6019:
6018:Patatavirales
6014:
6011:
6009:
6008:
6003:
5993:
5992:
5991:Solemoviridae
5988:
5986:
5985:
5981:
5979:
5978:
5974:
5973:
5971:
5969:
5968:
5967:Sobelivirales
5963:
5957:
5956:
5952:
5950:
5949:
5945:
5943:
5942:
5938:
5936:
5935:
5931:
5929:
5928:
5927:Caliciviridae
5924:
5922:
5921:
5917:
5915:
5914:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5903:
5902:
5900:
5898:
5897:
5892:
5886:
5885:
5884:Tobaniviridae
5881:
5879:
5878:
5874:
5872:
5871:
5867:
5865:
5864:
5860:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5849:Mononiviridae
5846:
5844:
5843:
5842:Mesoniviridae
5839:
5837:
5836:
5832:
5830:
5829:
5828:Gresnaviridae
5825:
5823:
5822:
5821:Euroniviridae
5818:
5816:
5815:
5814:Coronaviridae
5811:
5809:
5808:
5804:
5802:
5801:
5800:Arteriviridae
5797:
5795:
5794:
5793:Abyssoviridae
5790:
5789:
5787:
5785:
5784:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5773:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5757:
5743:
5742:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5733:
5732:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5721:
5716:
5706:
5705:
5701:
5700:
5698:
5696:
5695:
5694:Cryppavirales
5690:
5687:
5685:
5684:
5679:
5669:
5668:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5659:
5658:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5647:
5642:
5632:
5631:
5630:Steitzviridae
5627:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5619:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5603:
5602:
5601:Solspiviridae
5598:
5596:
5595:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5584:
5582:
5581:
5580:Atkinsviridae
5577:
5576:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5560:
5559:Leviviricetes
5555:
5552:
5550:
5549:
5548:Lenarviricota
5544:
5530:
5529:
5528:Tombusviridae
5525:
5523:
5522:
5518:
5516:
5515:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5506:
5505:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5494:
5489:
5479:
5478:
5474:
5472:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5461:
5460:Nodamuvirales
5456:
5453:
5451:
5450:
5445:
5435:
5434:
5430:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5413:
5408:
5398:
5397:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5386:
5384:
5383:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5372:
5370:
5369:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5360:
5359:
5354:
5348:
5347:
5343:
5341:
5340:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5327:
5326:
5322:
5320:
5319:
5315:
5313:
5312:
5308:
5306:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5296:
5295:
5290:
5284:
5283:
5282:Matonaviridae
5279:
5277:
5276:
5272:
5270:
5269:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5257:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5251:Hepelivirales
5247:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5240:Alsuviricetes
5236:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5219:
5218:Orthornavirae
5214:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5189:
5185:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5151:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5129:
5115:
5114:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5103:
5101:
5100:
5096:
5094:
5093:
5089:
5087:
5086:
5085:Amalgaviridae
5082:
5081:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5049:
5035:
5034:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5025:
5024:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5013:
5008:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4988:
4987:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4971:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4952:Quadriviridae
4949:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4938:Chrysoviridae
4935:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4928:Ghabrivirales
4924:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4907:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4895:Orthornavirae
4891:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4876:
4872:
4871:dsRNA viruses
4866:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4835:
4834:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4819:Anelloviridae
4815:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4805:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4772:
4771:Haloruvirales
4767:
4764:
4762:
4761:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4734:
4716:
4715:
4714:Genomoviridae
4711:
4709:
4708:
4707:Geminiviridae
4704:
4703:
4701:
4699:
4698:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4641:Metaxyviridae
4638:
4637:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4599:
4598:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4554:Arfiviricetes
4550:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4539:
4525:
4524:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4488:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4477:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4466:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4454:Cossaviricota
4450:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4377:
4372:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4328:Tubulavirales
4324:
4321:
4319:
4318:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4285:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4271:ssDNA viruses
4266:
4262:
4244:
4243:
4242:Rhizidiovirus
4239:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4224:Thaspiviridae
4221:
4219:
4218:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4203:Plasmaviridae
4200:
4198:
4197:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4189:Halspiviridae
4186:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4089:Baculoviridae
4086:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4069:
4064:
4061:
4057:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4026:Simuloviridae
4023:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4010:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3976:Helvetiavirae
3972:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3916:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3898:Kalamavirales
3894:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3876:Belfryvirales
3872:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3851:
3850:
3849:Adintoviridae
3846:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3814:
3813:
3812:Lavidaviridae
3809:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3714:Imitervirales
3710:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3681:Megaviricetes
3677:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3529:Sepolyvirales
3525:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3507:Cossaviricota
3503:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3459:
3458:
3457:Zobellviridae
3454:
3452:
3451:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3443:Schitoviridae
3440:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3405:
3403:
3402:
3401:Guelinviridae
3398:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3307:Herpesviridae
3304:
3302:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3290:Herpesvirales
3286:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3268:Peploviricota
3264:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3246:Duplodnaviria
3242:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3168:Tokiviricetes
3164:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3157:Taleaviricota
3153:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3122:dsDNA viruses
3117:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3095:
3088:
3083:
3081:
3076:
3074:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2974:
2966:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2923:
2915:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2825:
2817:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2719:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2693:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2674:Coronaviruses
2668:
2660:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2568:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2519:
2511:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2468:
2460:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2419:
2411:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2370:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2208:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2157:
2155:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2056:
2054:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1590:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1462:
1448:
1447:Orthornavirae
1444:
1438:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1419:
1415:
1403:
1402:
1401:Rhabdoviridae
1397:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1380:Rhabdoviridae
1376:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1354:Parainfluenza
1349:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1228:Marburg virus
1223:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1148:
1146:
1145:Orthornavirae
1142:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1123:Orthornavirae
1120:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1108:Orthornavirae
1099:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1068:Plant viruses
1065:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1050:henipaviruses
1047:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1010:Orthornavirae
1003:
1002:
998:
996:
995:
991:
989:
988:
984:
982:
981:
980:Rubella virus
977:
975:
974:
970:
968:
967:
963:
961:
958:
956:
955:
951:
949:
946:
944:
943:
939:
937:
936:
932:
930:
929:
925:
923:
922:
918:
916:
915:
911:
909:
906:
904:
903:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
876:
872:
870:
869:
865:
863:
862:
858:
856:
855:Coronaviruses
853:
852:
850:
848:
847:Orthornavirae
838:
835:
828:
827:
823:
821:
820:
816:
815:
814:
812:
808:
801:
800:
795:
792:
791:
786:
783:
782:
777:
774:
773:
772:Arctiviricota
768:
765:
764:
759:
756:
752:
748:
744:
743:
738:
735:
734:
729:
726:
725:
720:
717:
716:
711:
709:
705:
704:
703:Lenarviricota
699:
697:
693:
692:
687:
685:
681:
677:
676:
671:
670:
669:
667:
666:Orthornavirae
657:
655:
654:
649:
648:
647:Lenarviricota
643:
639:
635:
631:
630:Orthornavirae
623:
622:Lenarviricota
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
593:Phylogenetics
590:
586:
582:
580:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
544:Orthornavirae
535:
526:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
496:
482:
480:
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471:Orthornavirae
462:
460:
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448:
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443:Orthornavirae
435:
425:
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417:
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401:
397:
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392:Orthornavirae
383:
381:
377:
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369:
365:
364:measles virus
361:
357:
353:
352:coronaviruses
348:
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342:
338:
333:
329:
325:
324:
319:
318:Orthornavirae
314:
312:
308:
307:recombination
304:
300:
296:
292:
291:messenger RNA
288:
284:
280:
276:
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266:Orthornavirae
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169:
167:
166:
165:Lenarviricota
162:
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158:
157:
150:
145:
142:
141:
140:Orthornavirae
137:
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58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
36:Orthornavirae
33:
30:
19:
6901:
6846:
6838:Ortervirales
6836:
6824:
6814:
6803:
6792:
6783:Pararnavirae
6781:
6770:
6718:Retroviridae
6716:
6709:
6702:
6695:
6687:Ortervirales
6685:
6674:
6663:
6654:Pararnavirae
6652:
6641:
6574:
6564:
6553:
6539:Xinmoviridae
6537:
6530:
6523:
6516:
6509:
6504:Nyamiviridae
6502:
6495:
6490:Lispiviridae
6488:
6481:
6476:Bornaviridae
6474:
6467:
6457:
6445:
6440:Myriaviridae
6438:
6431:
6424:
6419:Aliusviridae
6417:
6407:
6396:
6380:
6370:
6359:
6343:
6336:
6326:
6315:
6299:
6294:Tospoviridae
6292:
6285:
6278:
6271:
6266:Nairoviridae
6264:
6257:
6250:
6245:Hantaviridae
6243:
6236:
6231:Arenaviridae
6229:
6224:Cruliviridae
6222:
6214:Bunyavirales
6212:
6201:
6185:
6175:
6164:
6153:
6143:
6142:
6131:
6085:
6078:
6074:
6050:Astroviridae
6048:
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6026:
6016:
6005:
5989:
5984:Barnaviridae
5982:
5975:
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5953:
5946:
5939:
5932:
5925:
5918:
5913:Marnaviridae
5911:
5904:
5894:
5882:
5875:
5870:Olifoviridae
5868:
5861:
5854:
5847:
5840:
5833:
5826:
5819:
5812:
5805:
5798:
5791:
5781:
5770:
5761:Pisuviricota
5759:
5739:
5731:Ourlivirales
5729:
5720:Miaviricetes
5718:
5702:
5692:
5681:
5667:Narnaviridae
5665:
5655:
5644:
5628:
5623:Blumeviridae
5621:
5613:Timlovirales
5611:
5599:
5594:Fiersviridae
5592:
5585:
5578:
5570:Norzivirales
5568:
5557:
5546:
5526:
5521:Luteoviridae
5519:
5512:
5502:
5491:
5475:
5468:
5458:
5447:
5433:Flaviviridae
5431:
5421:
5410:
5394:
5387:
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5373:
5366:
5356:
5346:Virgaviridae
5344:
5337:
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5316:
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5304:Bromoviridae
5302:
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5273:
5266:
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5238:
5227:
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5216:
5205:
5159:
5155:
5148:
5143:Birnaviridae
5141:
5137:
5111:
5104:
5097:
5090:
5083:
5075:Durnavirales
5073:
5062:
5053:Pisuviricota
5051:
5033:Cystoviridae
5031:
5023:Mindivirales
5021:
5010:
4994:
4984:
4973:
4957:
4950:
4943:
4936:
4926:
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4904:
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4882:
4833:Spiraviridae
4831:
4824:
4817:
4813:
4779:
4769:
4758:
4749:Saleviricota
4747:
4736:
4712:
4705:
4695:
4684:
4668:
4660:Recrevirales
4658:
4646:
4639:
4631:Mulpavirales
4629:
4619:Smacoviridae
4617:
4609:Cremevirales
4607:
4597:Circoviridae
4595:
4587:Cirlivirales
4585:
4573:
4565:Baphyvirales
4563:
4552:
4541:
4523:Parvoviridae
4521:
4513:Piccovirales
4511:
4500:
4486:Bidnaviridae
4484:
4474:
4465:Mouviricetes
4463:
4452:
4443:Shotokuvirae
4441:
4419:Microviridae
4417:
4409:Petitvirales
4407:
4396:
4387:Phixviricota
4385:
4374:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4326:
4315:
4304:
4293:
4284:Monodnaviria
4282:
4240:
4235:Dinodnavirus
4233:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4196:Ovaliviridae
4194:
4187:
4182:Guttaviridae
4180:
4173:
4166:
4161:Clavaviridae
4159:
4152:
4145:
4141:
4119:
4101:
4094:
4087:
4077:
4066:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4007:
3996:
3985:
3974:
3950:
3940:
3930:Adenoviridae
3928:
3918:
3908:Tectiviridae
3906:
3896:
3886:Turriviridae
3884:
3874:
3863:
3847:
3837:
3826:
3810:
3800:
3789:
3778:
3758:
3753:Iridoviridae
3751:
3744:
3734:
3722:
3712:
3700:
3690:
3679:
3663:
3655:Chitovirales
3653:
3643:Asfarviridae
3641:
3631:
3620:
3609:
3600:Bamfordvirae
3598:
3589:Varidnaviria
3587:
3559:
3549:
3537:
3527:
3516:
3505:
3496:Shotokuvirae
3494:
3485:Monodnaviria
3483:
3455:
3450:Siphoviridae
3448:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3380:Chaseviridae
3378:
3371:
3364:
3356:Caudovirales
3354:
3343:
3332:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3288:
3277:
3266:
3255:
3244:
3216:
3208:Primavirales
3206:
3194:
3187:
3177:
3166:
3155:
3144:
3133:
3049:. Retrieved
3045:
3032:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2936:
2932:
2922:
2887:
2883:
2873:
2838:
2834:
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2632:
2628:
2618:
2581:
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2567:
2532:
2528:
2518:
2481:
2477:
2467:
2432:
2428:
2418:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2357:. Retrieved
2352:
2285:
2281:
2221:
2217:
2207:
2170:
2166:
2118:
2114:
2104:
2069:
2065:
2017:
2013:
2003:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1917:
1913:
1884:. Retrieved
1879:
1870:
1858:. Retrieved
1853:
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1827:
1818:
1806:. Retrieved
1801:
1792:
1780:. Retrieved
1775:
1766:
1754:. Retrieved
1749:
1740:
1728:. Retrieved
1723:
1714:
1702:. Retrieved
1697:
1688:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1596:
1589:
1577:. Retrieved
1572:
1563:
1528:
1524:
1495:. Retrieved
1491:
1446:
1443:deltaviruses
1437:
1423:
1418:
1399:
1378:
1357:
1336:
1315:
1294:
1273:
1252:
1231:
1212:Bunyaviridae
1210:
1191:Arenaviridae
1189:
1170:Arenaviridae
1168:
1144:
1140:Pararnavirae
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1066:
1059:
1053:
1046:ebolaviruses
1035:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1009:
1007:
999:
992:
985:
978:
971:
964:
960:Rhinoviruses
952:
940:
933:
926:
919:
912:
900:
881:Hantaviruses
873:
868:Dengue virus
866:
859:
846:
844:
831:
824:
819:Birnaviridae
817:
810:
806:
804:
799:Wamoviricota
797:
790:Pomiviricota
788:
779:
770:
761:
751:mitochondria
742:Taraviricota
740:
733:Ambiviricota
731:
724:Pisuviricota
722:
713:
707:
701:
696:Pisuviricota
695:
689:
680:Pisuviricota
679:
673:
665:
663:
653:Taraviricota
651:
645:
629:
627:
621:
620:(blue), and
618:Pisuviricota
617:
613:
609:
605:
587:
583:
579:Reassortment
572:
552:proofreading
543:
541:
532:
502:
493:
470:
468:
457:, a type of
442:
440:
403:
399:
391:
389:
368:rabies virus
349:
321:
317:
315:
311:reassortment
265:
264:
263:
250:
245:Pisuviricota
243:
236:
227:
225:
218:
213:Ambiviricota
211:
202:
200:
191:
184:
179:Pisuviricota
177:
170:
163:
154:
152:
139:
138:
127:
120:
110:(unranked):
35:
29:
7000:RNA viruses
6926:Wikispecies
6704:Metaviridae
6483:Filoviridae
6469:Artoviridae
6382:Aspiviridae
6259:Mypoviridae
6238:Fimoviridae
6028:Potyviridae
5941:Secoviridae
5934:Iflaviridae
5877:Roniviridae
5783:Nidovirales
5704:Mitoviridae
5587:Duinviridae
5504:Tolivirales
5470:Nodaviridae
5396:Tymoviridae
5358:Tymovirales
5339:Togaviridae
5332:Mayoviridae
5325:Kitaviridae
5275:Hepeviridae
5268:Benyviridae
5099:Hypoviridae
4959:Totiviridae
4648:Nanoviridae
4476:Polivirales
4376:Sangervirae
4121:Nimaviridae
4103:Nudiviridae
4079:Lefavirales
3942:Vinavirales
3920:Rowavirales
3746:Ascoviridae
3724:Mimiviridae
3692:Algavirales
3633:Asfuvirales
3422:Podoviridae
3334:Uroviricota
3196:Rudiviridae
3146:Zilligvirae
1656:(1): 4644.
1425:Nidovirales
1312:Mumps virus
1254:Filoviridae
1249:Ebola virus
1233:Filoviridae
1165:Lassa virus
1111:synthesis.
1061:Phlebovirus
1014:orbiviruses
755:mitoviruses
753:similar to
747:prokaryotes
469:Viruses in
394:comes from
380:prokaryotic
356:Ebola virus
316:Viruses in
61:polio virus
18:RNA viruses
6989:Categories
6576:Yueviridae
6532:Sunviridae
6426:Chuviridae
6187:Qinviridae
6068:Unassigned
5131:Unassigned
4996:Reoviridae
4986:Reovirales
4807:Unassigned
4738:Trapavirae
4338:Inoviridae
4135:Unassigned
4113:Unassigned
4059:Unassigned
3665:Poxviridae
3415:Myoviridae
2484:(4): 190.
1457:References
1441:Excluding
1207:Hantavirus
1055:Flavivirus
1001:Zika virus
948:Poliovirus
875:Ebolavirus
560:adenosines
451:jelly roll
376:eukaryotic
366:, and the
287:transcribe
69:ebolavirus
7015:Riboviria
6917:Q92190862
6772:Riboviria
6643:Riboviria
6177:Muvirales
6133:Riboviria
5207:Riboviria
4884:Riboviria
4295:Loebvirae
3135:Adnaviria
3094:Baltimore
2584:(5): 97.
2535:: 79–89.
2435:(6): 35.
2328:248025736
1880:ViralZone
1854:ViralZone
1828:ViralZone
1802:ViralZone
1776:ViralZone
1750:ViralZone
1724:ViralZone
1698:ViralZone
1573:ViralZone
1270:Influenza
1135:Riboviria
1131:Riboviria
1127:Riboviria
973:Rotavirus
942:Norovirus
849:include:
642:RNA world
612:(green),
608:(brown),
548:mutations
538:Evolution
429:Structure
386:Etymology
323:Riboviria
299:evolution
295:replicate
135:Kingdom:
128:Riboviria
81:rotavirus
6946:58766080
6911:Wikidata
6075:Families
5138:Families
4814:Families
4142:Families
3051:6 August
3024:29847593
2984:PLOS ONE
2965:31945061
2914:10212931
2865:25780183
2816:22017770
2767:24891213
2710:25720466
2659:28457351
2610:28468299
2559:30665189
2510:30544935
2459:20167199
2410:38233646
2401:10847044
2359:6 August
2320:35389782
2311:10990476
2258:10570172
2199:26158697
2145:27211789
2096:21725337
2044:18094182
1995:28448634
1944:27392606
1886:6 August
1860:6 August
1834:6 August
1808:6 August
1782:6 August
1756:6 August
1730:6 August
1704:6 August
1680:38821943
1671:11143195
1629:6 August
1624:89706800
1579:6 August
1555:30482837
1497:6 August
1012:include
730:Phylum:
721:Phylum:
712:Phylum:
700:Phylum:
688:Phylum:
672:Phylum:
624:(yellow)
616:(pink),
564:inosines
518:adenines
510:stutters
455:envelope
7005:Viruses
6972:2732396
3015:5976182
2992:Bibcode
2956:6964823
2905:1692547
2856:4371325
2807:6640423
2758:4159436
2737:Bibcode
2701:4369385
2650:5458783
2601:5454410
2578:Viruses
2550:7102861
2501:6315612
2478:Insects
2450:2826768
2290:Bibcode
2282:Science
2226:Bibcode
2190:4497687
2136:5119462
2087:3324781
2035:2258914
1986:5407569
1935:5075021
1546:6282212
1291:Measles
1151:Gallery
1102:History
841:Disease
807:viridae
271:viruses
6959:1ORTVA
5156:Genera
4230:Genera
3042:(docx)
3022:
3012:
2963:
2953:
2912:
2902:
2863:
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2814:
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2708:
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2557:
2547:
2508:
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2318:
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2187:
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2133:
2094:
2084:
2042:
2032:
1993:
1983:
1942:
1932:
1678:
1668:
1622:
1612:
1553:
1543:
1488:(docx)
1375:Rabies
1040:. The
1034:, and
514:uracil
465:Genome
422:, and
362:, the
354:, the
343:, and
309:, and
279:encode
6757:VII:
4869:III:
2324:S2CID
2249:24164
1620:S2CID
1410:Notes
1143:, so
811:virus
512:on a
459:lipid
404:virae
396:Greek
121:Realm
114:Virus
6967:NCBI
6954:EPPO
6628:VI:
5192:IV:
4269:II:
3053:2020
3020:PMID
2961:PMID
2910:PMID
2861:PMID
2812:PMID
2763:PMID
2733:1323
2706:PMID
2686:ISBN
2655:PMID
2606:PMID
2555:PMID
2506:PMID
2455:PMID
2406:PMID
2361:2020
2316:PMID
2254:PMID
2195:PMID
2141:PMID
2092:PMID
2040:PMID
1991:PMID
1940:PMID
1888:2020
1862:2020
1836:2020
1810:2020
1784:2020
1758:2020
1732:2020
1706:2020
1676:PMID
1631:2020
1610:ISBN
1581:2020
1551:PMID
1525:mBio
1499:2020
1058:and
1048:and
89:RdRp
6995:RNA
6941:EoL
6118:V:
4856:RNA
3120:I:
3107:DNA
3010:PMC
3000:doi
2951:PMC
2941:doi
2900:PMC
2892:doi
2888:354
2851:PMC
2843:doi
2835:RNA
2802:PMC
2794:doi
2753:PMC
2745:doi
2696:PMC
2678:doi
2645:PMC
2637:doi
2596:PMC
2586:doi
2545:PMC
2537:doi
2496:PMC
2486:doi
2445:PMC
2437:doi
2396:PMC
2388:doi
2306:PMC
2298:doi
2286:376
2244:PMC
2234:doi
2185:PMC
2175:doi
2131:PMC
2123:doi
2082:PMC
2074:doi
2030:PMC
2022:doi
1981:PMC
1971:doi
1930:PMC
1922:doi
1666:PMC
1658:doi
1602:doi
1541:PMC
1533:doi
562:to
400:rna
281:an
55:of
53:TEM
6991::
6969::
6956::
6943::
6928::
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6615:RT
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2012:.
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1967:13
1965:.
1961:.
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