698:
2434:
59:
706:
flexibility in terms of specific habitats by which they reside. The predominant environment they are found in is forests, ranging from temperate and moist to deciduous woods. However, they can also be found in savannas, wetlands, open woodlands, swamps, and meadows. In correspondence with this, their preference for elevation greatly depends on the region they affiliate with. However, the general range of altitudes they prefer are between 3,000 and 6,000 feet above sea level.
197:
185:
39:
732:
governments step up their efforts to protect this species from extinction, they are engaging in habitat acquisition to ensure no private activities are harming the pygmy owls. While public campaigns step up to protect this species, the fact of the matter remains that human impact continues to have a colossal influence on the pygmy owls' existence, and their numbers are decreasing at alarming rates.
718:
As an inevitable and at times inadvertent consequence of human development, the pygmy owl's habitat, and by extension the animal itself, is under threat. A broader characterization of human impact on the pygmy owl is climate change, urbanization, agricultural expansion, and more. As a direct result,
727:
for pygmy owls is that of a declining one, certain regions are experiencing more difficulty than others. For instance, California and
Arizona, which typically harbor drier conditions that are exacerbated by climate change, are prime areas that have seen pygmy owl populations decline due to reduced
709:
The pygmy owl's habitat also depends on availability in their country of residence. In Mexico, they tend to be found in pine-oak and scrub forests, while their
Honduras counterparts plant their roots in highland pine and cloud forests. Due to their preferred reproduction method of exploiting tree
731:
Under the United States
Endangered Species Act, the pygmy owl's critical habitat areas are under federal protection, and their recovery plan is being monitored and implemented constantly to foster long term viability. Such rebound plans are happening at the state and local level concurrently. As
705:
Pygmy owl species are found in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the
Americas. In Northern America, pygmy owls can primarily be found in western North America, with regions encompassing Canada, the United States, and Mexico. In line with the diversity of countries, these animals display incredible
224:. The genus consists of 29 species distributed worldwide. These are mostly small owls, and some of the species are called "owlets". The genus includes nocturnal, diurnal, and crepuscular species. Birds in this genus mainly hunt large insects and other small prey.
673:
Pygmy owls' ears, similar to other owls, are covered by feathers on the side of the face behind the eyes. To better triangulate sounds and make hunting easier, the pygmy owl's ears may be asymmetrically placed. Female owls tend to be bigger than males.
1272:
1074:"Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Cradle of Humankind during the Plio-Pleistocene transition, inferred from the analysis of fossil birds from Member 2 of the hominin-bearing site of Kromdraai (Gauteng, South Africa)"
590:
The word "pygmy" has its roots in the Greek word "πυγμαῖος" (pygmaioi), which means "of the fist," suggesting the small stature of the object in question. The earliest evidence of this term's usage to describe species in the
1120:
1264:
710:
cavities produced by woodpeckers, this forest environment works to their advantage in terms of conserving their energy finding potential nesting locations.
1409:
1205:
1946:
1900:
2023:
2617:
1338:
1463:
2656:
2384:
1909:
880:
1544:
2411:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2008:
2001:
1979:
1689:
2401:
2374:
2217:
2165:
2040:
2364:
2591:
2093:
1487:
2630:
1024:
906:
Salter, J.F.; Oliveros, C.H.; Hosner, P.A.; Manthey, J.D.; Robbins, M.B.; Moyle, R.G.; Brumfield, R.T.; Faircloth, B.C. (2019).
1590:
858:
827:
796:
1176:
2728:
890:
2635:
697:
1046:
995:
965:
723:
is occurring at an alarming rate—a rate at which the owls cannot adapt to naturally. While the general trajectory of
2570:
2491:
2661:
1438:
2583:
1401:
2433:
2700:
2643:
1562:
1361:"Tree cavity abundance and beyond: Nesting and food storing sites of the pygmy owl in managed boreal forests"
1197:
324:
749:
Heraldo V. Norambuena; Andrés Muñoz-Pedreros (September 2012). "Diurnal
Activity of the Austral Pygmy Owl (
1226:
Deppe, Caroline; Holt, Denver; Tewksbury, Josh; Broberg, Len; Petersen, Julie; Wood, Kristin (July 2003).
2513:
2518:
1583:
949:
494:
58:
1492:
1360:
1073:
2723:
1786:
1517:
1330:
686:
1512:
1459:
603:
524:
1558:
1538:
2687:
2453:
444:
266:
A molecular phylogenetic study of the owls published in 2019 found that the widely distributed
189:
2622:
2682:
2674:
1576:
720:
619:
544:
504:
434:
364:
854:
A List of the Genera of Birds : with an
Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus
685:
on the back of their heads. These eyespots may contribute to the owls' self-defense against
2539:
2500:
1809:
534:
484:
424:
374:
46:
1568:
8:
724:
514:
304:
1552:
1529:
1101:
848:
678:
404:
394:
334:
294:
249:
245:
154:
53:
1497:
2669:
2526:
2131:
1704:
1380:
1250:
1150:
1105:
1093:
1016:
886:
682:
564:
554:
314:
267:
1089:
852:
821:
784:
2505:
1775:
1525:
1372:
1310:
1168:
1140:
1132:
1085:
953:
929:
919:
762:
615:
474:
464:
454:
2531:
1548:
1376:
817:
631:
595:
genus dates back to the 1850s, believed to be coined by zoologist
Spencer Baird.
574:
384:
2648:
1359:
Baroni, Daniele; Korpimäki, Erkki; Selonen, Vesa; Laaksonen, Toni (2020-03-15).
1055:
987:
826:. Vol. 4. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 127.
2578:
2565:
1994:
1969:
1923:
1121:"Ear Tufts in Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium brasilianum) as Alarm response"
780:
414:
237:
137:
1502:
1331:"Northern Pygmy-Owl Life History, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology"
1315:
1294:
728:
prey and decreased vegetative environments from extreme weather and droughts.
2717:
2476:
2254:
2117:
2110:
1384:
1154:
1119:
Santillan, Miguel Angel; Sarasola, Jose Hernán; Dolsan, Marcelo (June 2008).
1097:
627:
253:
160:
28:
2303:
1862:
1821:
1713:
1600:
1228:"Effect of Northern Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium Gnoma) Eyespots on Avian Mobbing"
957:
662:
354:
275:
241:
188:
Guatemalan pygmy owl (left) and red-chested owlet (right); illustration by
146:
748:
2604:
2485:
2317:
2268:
2261:
2193:
2141:
2124:
1955:
1886:
1798:
1735:
1724:
1507:
1251:"Home range and habitat selection in the Pygmy Owl Glaucidium passerinum"
924:
907:
785:"GeneralĂĽbersicht der ornithologischen Ordnungen, Familien und Gattungen"
658:
344:
217:
1227:
1136:
1017:"pygmy owl, n. meanings, etymology and more | Oxford English Dictionary"
2596:
2296:
2275:
2244:
2207:
2186:
2155:
2032:
1932:
1672:
1659:
1643:
1430:
1145:
196:
934:
184:
2609:
2552:
2352:
2331:
2289:
2282:
2227:
2200:
2172:
2074:
766:
221:
70:
38:
2447:
2470:
2391:
2324:
2148:
2083:
1747:
1637:
1619:
1299:) in Bulgaria and Slovakia including population density comparison"
642:
120:
90:
2557:
2695:
2341:
1987:
1763:
1631:
1533:
169:
2310:
2179:
1613:
1358:
646:
611:
80:
2544:
2234:
1625:
208:
2418:
2100:
1598:
1198:"These Birds of Prey Have Eyes in the Backs of Their Heads"
908:"Extensive paraphyly in the typical owl family (Strigidae)"
905:
100:
1521:
1225:
1161:
110:
1561:- 2018 BBC internet article on new species found in the
713:
1293:
PaÄŤenovskĂ˝, Samuel; Shurulinkov, Peter (January 2008).
1118:
1292:
259:
meaning "little owl" or "owlet". It is diminutive of
2407:
2397:
2380:
2370:
2360:
2337:
2250:
2240:
2223:
2213:
2161:
2137:
2106:
2089:
2020:
1966:
1943:
1920:
1897:
1882:
1759:
1701:
1685:
948:
1054:. Prague: Ninox Press. p. 215. Archived from
668:
2715:
1408:. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. 2023-07-06.
988:"pygmy owl | Search Online Etymology Dictionary"
649:. Fossil material belonging to a new species of
1396:
1394:
1295:"Latest data on distribution of the Pygmy Owl (
236:was introduced in 1826 by the German zoologist
1584:
1257:
1391:
1190:
882:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
1048:Cenozoic Birds of the World, Part 1: Europe
657:. The fossils were recovered from Pliocene/
1591:
1577:
37:
1670:
1498:Mountain Pygmy Owl "eyes in back of head"
1431:"Federal Register :: Request Access"
1314:
1144:
1044:
933:
923:
885:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 174.
857:. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 6.
677:Some species of pygmy owl, including the
1204:. National Audubon Society. 2019-07-02.
696:
195:
183:
964:. International Ornithologists' Union.
878:
2716:
816:
701:The pygmy owl in a forest environment.
290:The genus contains 29 living species:
2452:
2451:
1860:
1656:
1572:
1402:"Cactus Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Listed"
1071:
714:Human impact and conservation efforts
2701:E3B27805-EE3A-4E0C-8430-8B80392FADCC
2584:290ecc73-dc94-45f6-bc37-758248848937
1657:
847:
779:
618:that likely went extinct during the
622:. The supposed prehistoric species
598:
13:
968:from the original on 27 April 2014
942:
14:
2740:
1481:
1248:
755:The Wilson Journal of Ornithology
2432:
1861:
962:IOC World Bird List Version 11.1
823:Check-List of Birds of the World
252:in 1840. The genus name is from
57:
1466:from the original on 2023-10-25
1460:"The US Endangered Species Act"
1452:
1441:from the original on 2022-05-09
1423:
1412:from the original on 2023-11-04
1352:
1341:from the original on 2023-10-26
1323:
1286:
1275:from the original on 2023-11-04
1242:
1219:
1208:from the original on 2023-11-04
1179:from the original on 2023-11-04
1112:
1090:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106532
1065:
1038:
1027:from the original on 2023-12-20
998:from the original on 2023-12-20
861:from the original on 2021-05-24
830:from the original on 2021-05-24
799:from the original on 2021-05-24
669:Description and characteristics
1009:
980:
899:
872:
841:
810:
773:
742:
641:have been recovered from Late
1:
1563:Pico da Neblina National Park
1365:Forest Ecology and Management
735:
2729:Taxa named by Friedrich Boie
1377:10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117818
637:. Bones of an indeterminate
585:
7:
1435:unblock.federalregister.gov
1072:Pavia, Marco (2020-11-15).
227:
10:
2745:
1551:- documentary produced by
1125:Journal of Raptor Research
1078:Quaternary Science Reviews
879:Jobling, James A. (2010).
692:
495:Central American pygmy owl
285:
2460:
2430:
2351:
2073:
2019:
1965:
1942:
1919:
1896:
1873:
1869:
1856:
1820:
1797:
1774:
1755:
1746:
1723:
1700:
1681:
1666:
1652:
1608:
1518:"Big fight over tiny owl"
1316:10.2478/v10262-012-0023-5
1173:American Bird Conservancy
653:was described in 2020 as
175:
168:
152:
145:
54:Scientific classification
52:
45:
36:
23:
1603:and their extinct allies
1045:MlĂkovskĂ˝, JirĂ (2002).
525:East Brazilian pygmy owl
349:Glaucidium castanopterum
1528:article on pygmy owl's
1462:. World Wildlife Fund.
1169:"Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl"
956:, eds. (January 2021).
791:(in German and Latin).
661:transitional strata in
626:is now recognized as a
624:"Glaucidium" dickinsoni
614:species known from the
529:Glaucidium minutissimum
439:Glaucidium costaricanum
399:Glaucidium californicum
325:Sjöstedt's barred owlet
2492:Glaucidium (Surniinae)
1271:. The Peregrine Fund.
753:) in Southern Chile".
702:
549:Glaucidium brasilianum
445:Cloud-forest pygmy owl
319:Glaucidium tephronotum
244:was designated as the
201:
193:
2683:Paleobiology Database
1559:The Neblina Pygmy owl
1503:Ferruginous pygmy owl
1488:Pygmy owl information
1335:www.allaboutbirds.org
1297:Glaucidium passerinum
1269:www.peregrinefund.org
721:habitat fragmentation
700:
620:Quaternary extinction
608:Glaucidium kurochkini
604:Kurochkin's pygmy owl
545:Ferruginous pygmy owl
505:Subtropical pygmy owl
499:Glaucidium griseiceps
469:Glaucidium bolivianum
435:Costa Rican pygmy owl
389:Glaucidium albertinum
369:Glaucidium castanotum
365:Chestnut-backed owlet
339:Glaucidium cuculoides
299:Glaucidium passerinum
216:. They belong to the
200:Ferruginous pygmy owl
199:
187:
2579:Fauna Europaea (new)
1265:"Northern Pygmy Owl"
539:Glaucidium mooreorum
535:Pernambuco pygmy owl
485:Tamaulipas pygmy owl
429:Glaucidium cobanense
425:Guatemalan pygmy owl
419:Glaucidium hoskinsii
375:African barred owlet
329:Glaucidium sjostedti
47:African barred owlet
1137:10.3356/JRR-06-81.1
849:Gray, George Robert
725:habitat destruction
559:Glaucidium peruanum
515:Amazonian pygmy owl
489:Glaucidium sanchezi
479:Glaucidium palmarum
459:Glaucidium jardinii
449:Glaucidium nubicola
359:Glaucidium radiatum
309:Glaucidium perlatum
305:Pearl-spotted owlet
207:are members of the
1553:Oregon Field Guide
1547:2015-07-15 at the
1530:endangered species
1513:Eurasian pygmy owl
1493:Mountain Pygmy Owl
992:www.etymonline.com
952:; Donsker, David;
925:10.1093/auk/ukz070
703:
679:northern pygmy owl
509:Glaucidium parkeri
405:Mountain pygmy owl
395:Northern pygmy owl
379:Glaucidium capense
335:Asian barred owlet
295:Eurasian pygmy owl
250:George Robert Gray
246:Eurasian pygmy owl
202:
194:
2711:
2710:
2670:Open Tree of Life
2454:Taxon identifiers
2445:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2428:
2427:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1705:Zealandornithidae
1249:Strøm, Hallvard.
954:Rasmussen, Pamela
892:978-1-4081-2501-4
818:Peters, James Lee
795:. cols 969–981 .
565:Austral pygmy owl
555:Pacific pygmy owl
519:Glaucidium hardyi
315:Red-chested owlet
268:northern hawk-owl
182:
181:
141:
2736:
2724:Glaucidium (owl)
2704:
2703:
2691:
2690:
2678:
2677:
2665:
2664:
2652:
2651:
2649:NHMSYS0000533311
2639:
2638:
2626:
2625:
2613:
2612:
2600:
2599:
2587:
2586:
2574:
2573:
2561:
2560:
2548:
2547:
2535:
2534:
2522:
2521:
2509:
2508:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2449:
2448:
2436:
2409:
2399:
2382:
2372:
2362:
2339:
2252:
2242:
2225:
2215:
2163:
2139:
2108:
2091:
2022:
1968:
1945:
1922:
1899:
1884:
1871:
1870:
1858:
1857:
1787:Accipitrimorphae
1776:Accipitrimorphae
1761:
1753:
1752:
1703:
1687:
1679:
1678:
1668:
1667:
1654:
1653:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1508:Colima pygmy owl
1475:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1398:
1389:
1388:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1309:(2008): 91–106.
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1148:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1053:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1003:
984:
978:
977:
975:
973:
946:
940:
939:
937:
927:
903:
897:
896:
876:
870:
869:
867:
866:
845:
839:
838:
836:
835:
814:
808:
807:
805:
804:
777:
771:
770:
767:10.1676/11-118.1
746:
616:La Brea Tar Pits
599:Fossil specimens
475:Colima pygmy owl
465:Yungas pygmy owl
455:Andean pygmy owl
409:Glaucidium gnoma
136:
62:
61:
41:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2699:
2694:
2686:
2681:
2673:
2668:
2660:
2655:
2647:
2642:
2634:
2629:
2621:
2616:
2608:
2603:
2595:
2590:
2582:
2577:
2569:
2564:
2556:
2551:
2543:
2538:
2530:
2525:
2517:
2512:
2504:
2499:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2456:
2446:
2437:
2424:
2347:
2069:
2015:
1961:
1947:Palaeoglaucidae
1938:
1915:
1901:Heterostrigidae
1892:
1865:
1836:
1816:
1793:
1770:
1742:
1719:
1696:
1675:
1662:
1648:
1604:
1597:
1549:Wayback Machine
1484:
1479:
1478:
1469:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1444:
1442:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1415:
1413:
1400:
1399:
1392:
1357:
1353:
1344:
1342:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1291:
1287:
1278:
1276:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1247:
1243:
1224:
1220:
1211:
1209:
1202:www.audubon.org
1196:
1195:
1191:
1182:
1180:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1117:
1113:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1051:
1043:
1039:
1030:
1028:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1001:
999:
986:
985:
981:
971:
969:
947:
943:
904:
900:
893:
877:
873:
864:
862:
846:
842:
833:
831:
815:
811:
802:
800:
781:Boie, Friedrich
778:
774:
751:Glaucidium nana
747:
743:
738:
716:
695:
671:
632:paleosubspecies
601:
588:
579:Glaucidium siju
575:Cuban pygmy owl
569:Glaucidium nana
385:Albertine owlet
288:
263:meaning "owl".
230:
164:
158:
155:Strix passerina
135:
56:
32:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2742:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2692:
2679:
2666:
2653:
2640:
2627:
2614:
2601:
2588:
2575:
2566:Fauna Europaea
2562:
2549:
2536:
2523:
2510:
2497:
2482:
2466:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2415:
2405:
2395:
2388:
2378:
2368:
2357:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2258:
2248:
2238:
2231:
2221:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2159:
2152:
2145:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2114:
2104:
2097:
2087:
2079:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2060:
2052:
2044:
2037:
2028:
2026:
2024:Sophiornitidae
2017:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1974:
1972:
1970:Protostrigidae
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1951:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1928:
1926:
1924:Ogygoptyngidae
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1905:
1903:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1879:
1877:
1875:incertae sedis
1867:
1866:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1826:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1803:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1780:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1729:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1717:
1709:
1707:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1682:
1676:
1671:
1664:
1663:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1596:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1556:
1536:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1483:
1482:External links
1480:
1477:
1476:
1451:
1422:
1390:
1351:
1322:
1303:Raptor Journal
1285:
1256:
1241:
1218:
1189:
1160:
1131:(2): 153–154.
1111:
1064:
1061:on 2007-06-11.
1037:
1008:
979:
941:
898:
891:
871:
840:
820:, ed. (1940).
809:
772:
761:(3): 633–635.
740:
739:
737:
734:
715:
712:
694:
691:
670:
667:
600:
597:
587:
584:
583:
582:
572:
562:
552:
542:
532:
522:
512:
502:
492:
482:
472:
462:
452:
442:
432:
422:
415:Baja pygmy owl
412:
402:
392:
382:
372:
362:
352:
342:
332:
322:
312:
302:
287:
284:
238:Friedrich Boie
229:
226:
180:
179:
173:
172:
166:
165:
159:
150:
149:
143:
142:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
50:
49:
43:
42:
34:
33:
26:
16:Genus of birds
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2741:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2702:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2435:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2255:Ornimegalonyx
2249:
2247:
2246:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2111:Asphaltoglaux
2105:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1766:
1765:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1691:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1651:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1602:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1395:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1355:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1298:
1289:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1252:
1245:
1238:(3): 765–771.
1237:
1233:
1229:
1222:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1057:
1050:
1049:
1041:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1012:
997:
993:
989:
983:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
945:
936:
931:
926:
921:
917:
913:
909:
902:
894:
888:
884:
883:
875:
860:
856:
855:
850:
844:
829:
825:
824:
819:
813:
798:
794:
790:
789:Isis von Oken
786:
782:
776:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
745:
741:
733:
729:
726:
722:
711:
707:
699:
690:
688:
684:
680:
675:
666:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
633:
630:, probably a
629:
628:burrowing owl
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
596:
594:
580:
576:
573:
570:
566:
563:
560:
556:
553:
550:
546:
543:
540:
536:
533:
530:
526:
523:
520:
516:
513:
510:
506:
503:
500:
496:
493:
490:
486:
483:
480:
476:
473:
470:
466:
463:
460:
456:
453:
450:
446:
443:
440:
436:
433:
430:
426:
423:
420:
416:
413:
410:
406:
403:
400:
396:
393:
390:
386:
383:
380:
376:
373:
370:
366:
363:
360:
356:
353:
350:
346:
343:
340:
336:
333:
330:
326:
323:
320:
316:
313:
310:
306:
303:
300:
296:
293:
292:
291:
283:
281:
278:to the genus
277:
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
255:
254:Ancient Greek
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
225:
223:
219:
215:
214:
210:
206:
198:
191:
186:
178:
174:
171:
167:
162:
157:
156:
151:
148:
144:
139:
134:
133:
129:
126:
125:
122:
119:
116:
115:
112:
109:
106:
105:
102:
99:
96:
95:
92:
89:
86:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
72:
69:
66:
65:
60:
55:
51:
48:
44:
40:
35:
30:
29:Late Pliocene
22:
19:
2461:
2417:
2410:
2400:
2390:
2383:
2373:
2363:
2340:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2281:
2274:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2243:
2233:
2226:
2216:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2099:
2092:
2082:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2039:
2031:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1978:
1954:
1931:
1908:
1885:
1874:
1863:Strigiformes
1822:Strigiformes
1762:
1714:Zealandornis
1712:
1688:
1543:
1540:
1539:' Pygmy Owls
1468:. Retrieved
1454:
1443:. Retrieved
1434:
1425:
1414:. Retrieved
1405:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1343:. Retrieved
1334:
1325:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1288:
1277:. Retrieved
1268:
1259:
1244:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1210:. Retrieved
1201:
1192:
1181:. Retrieved
1172:
1163:
1128:
1124:
1114:
1081:
1077:
1067:
1056:the original
1047:
1040:
1029:. Retrieved
1020:
1011:
1000:. Retrieved
991:
982:
970:. Retrieved
961:
944:
915:
911:
901:
881:
874:
863:. Retrieved
853:
843:
832:. Retrieved
822:
812:
801:. Retrieved
792:
788:
775:
758:
754:
750:
744:
730:
717:
708:
704:
676:
672:
663:South Africa
654:
650:
645:deposits in
638:
635:providentiae
634:
623:
607:
602:
592:
589:
578:
568:
558:
548:
538:
528:
518:
508:
498:
488:
478:
468:
458:
448:
438:
428:
418:
408:
398:
388:
378:
368:
358:
355:Jungle owlet
348:
338:
328:
318:
308:
298:
289:
279:
272:Surnia ulula
271:
265:
260:
256:
242:type species
233:
231:
212:
211:
204:
203:
176:
153:
147:Type species
131:
130:
111:Strigiformes
18:
2605:iNaturalist
2486:Wikispecies
2385:Nocturnavis
2318:Taenioptynx
2269:Pseudoscops
2194:Margarobyas
2142:Grallistrix
1956:Palaeoglaux
1910:Heterostrix
1887:Ypresiglaux
1831:See below ↓
1810:Coliiformes
1799:Coliiformes
1736:Australaves
1725:Australaves
1146:11336/81723
1021:www.oed.com
950:Gill, Frank
659:Pleistocene
345:Javan owlet
218:typical owl
2718:Categories
2506:Glaucidium
2462:Glaucidium
2412:Selenornis
2297:Scotopelia
2276:Psiloscops
2245:Oraristrix
2208:Micrathene
2187:Lophostrix
2156:Gymnoglaux
2132:Glaucidium
2064:Sophiornis
2056:Palaeotyto
2048:Palaeobyas
2033:Berruornis
2009:Primoptynx
2002:Oligostrix
1980:Aurorornis
1933:Ogygoptynx
1690:Lamillavis
1673:Telluraves
1660:Telluraves
1644:Telluraves
1599:Genera of
1532:status in
1470:2023-10-25
1445:2023-10-25
1416:2023-10-18
1371:: 117818.
1345:2023-10-25
1279:2023-10-25
1212:2023-10-25
1183:2023-10-25
1084:: 106532.
1031:2023-10-25
1002:2023-10-25
935:2346/93048
918:(ukz070).
865:2021-05-24
834:2021-05-24
803:2021-05-24
736:References
655:G. ireneae
651:Glaucidium
639:Glaucidium
593:Glaucidium
280:Glaucidium
257:glaukidion
234:Glaucidium
232:The genus
213:Glaucidium
205:Pygmy owls
132:Glaucidium
24:Pygmy owls
2402:Prosybris
2375:Necrobyas
2353:Tytonidae
2332:Xenoglaux
2290:Pulsatrix
2283:Ptilopsis
2228:Miosurnia
2201:Megascops
2075:Strigidae
1612:Kingdom:
1385:0378-1127
1155:0892-1016
1106:224866137
1098:0277-3791
586:Etymology
222:Strigidae
190:Keulemans
177:See text
121:Strigidae
77:Kingdom:
71:Eukaryota
31:to Recent
2471:Wikidata
2392:Phodilus
2325:Uroglaux
2218:Mioglaux
2166:Intulula
2149:Gymnasio
2084:Aegolius
2041:Enskenia
1748:Afroaves
1638:Passerea
1620:Chordata
1618:Phylum:
1614:Animalia
1565:, Brazil
1545:Archived
1464:Archived
1439:Archived
1410:Archived
1339:Archived
1273:Archived
1206:Archived
1177:Archived
1025:Archived
996:Archived
966:Archived
859:Archived
851:(1840).
828:Archived
797:Archived
783:(1826).
643:Pliocene
228:Taxonomy
220:family,
161:Linnaeus
117:Family:
91:Chordata
87:Phylum:
81:Animalia
67:Domain:
2696:ZooBank
2675:1070587
2623:1011666
2597:2497151
2477:Q831376
2365:Miotyto
2342:Yarquen
1995:Minerva
1988:Eostrix
1764:Lutavis
1642:Clade:
1636:Clade:
1632:Neoaves
1630:Clade:
1624:Class:
1534:Arizona
1406:FWS.gov
1232:The Auk
912:The Auk
693:Habitat
687:mobbing
681:, have
610:) is a
286:Species
170:Species
138:F. Boie
127:Genus:
107:Order:
97:Class:
2688:289471
2636:177901
2311:Surnia
2180:Ketupa
2173:Jubula
2118:Athene
2094:Alasio
1658:Basal
1383:
1153:
1104:
1096:
972:24 May
958:"Owls"
889:
683:ocelli
647:Poland
612:fossil
276:sister
240:. The
192:, 1875
163:, 1758
140:, 1826
2662:78216
2618:IRMNG
2610:19803
2571:97043
2558:1GLZG
2545:19415
2304:Strix
2235:Ninox
1102:S2CID
1059:(PDF)
1052:(PDF)
274:) is
261:glaux
209:genus
2657:NCBI
2631:ITIS
2592:GBIF
2553:EPPO
2532:4NTQ
2519:4867
2514:BOLD
2419:Tyto
2262:Otus
2125:Bubo
2101:Asio
1808:See
1785:See
1734:See
1626:Aves
1601:owls
1381:ISSN
1151:ISSN
1094:ISSN
974:2021
887:ISBN
101:Aves
2644:NBN
2540:EoL
2527:CoL
2501:ADW
1522:CNN
1373:doi
1369:460
1311:doi
1236:120
1141:hdl
1133:doi
1086:doi
1082:248
930:hdl
920:doi
916:137
763:doi
759:124
248:by
2720::
2698::
2685::
2672::
2659::
2646::
2633::
2620::
2607::
2594::
2581::
2568::
2555::
2542::
2529::
2516::
2503::
2488::
2473::
1526:AP
1520:-
1437:.
1433:.
1404:.
1393:^
1379:.
1367:.
1363:.
1337:.
1333:.
1305:.
1301:.
1267:.
1234:.
1230:.
1200:.
1175:.
1171:.
1149:.
1139:.
1129:42
1127:.
1123:.
1100:.
1092:.
1080:.
1076:.
1023:.
1019:.
994:.
990:.
960:.
928:.
914:.
910:.
793:19
787:.
757:.
689:.
665:.
282:.
2408:â€
2398:â€
2381:â€
2371:â€
2361:â€
2338:â€
2251:â€
2241:â€
2224:â€
2214:â€
2162:â€
2138:â€
2107:â€
2090:â€
2059:?
2051:?
2036:?
2021:â€
2012:?
1983:"
1977:"
1967:â€
1944:â€
1921:â€
1898:â€
1883:â€
1767:?
1760:â€
1702:â€
1693:?
1686:â€
1592:e
1585:t
1578:v
1524:/
1473:.
1448:.
1419:.
1387:.
1375::
1348:.
1319:.
1313::
1307:2
1282:.
1253:.
1215:.
1186:.
1157:.
1143::
1135::
1108:.
1088::
1034:.
1005:.
976:.
938:.
932::
922::
895:.
868:.
837:.
806:.
769:.
765::
606:(
581:)
577:(
571:)
567:(
561:)
557:(
551:)
547:(
541:)
537:(
531:)
527:(
521:)
517:(
511:)
507:(
501:)
497:(
491:)
487:(
481:)
477:(
471:)
467:(
461:)
457:(
451:)
447:(
441:)
437:(
431:)
427:(
421:)
417:(
411:)
407:(
401:)
397:(
391:)
387:(
381:)
377:(
371:)
367:(
361:)
357:(
351:)
347:(
341:)
337:(
331:)
327:(
321:)
317:(
311:)
307:(
301:)
297:(
270:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
