302:
island of
Pukapuka is one of the most remote islands in the Cook Islands. There is evidence that humans have inhabited the atoll for about 2000 years, but it is not clear whether it has been continuously inhabited. Various settlements may have occurred, first from Western Polynesia. Local oral tradition records that huge waves generated by a severe cyclone washed over the island and killed most of the inhabitants except for 15–17 men, 2 women and an unknown number of children. Recent interpretation of genealogies suggests that this catastrophe occurred about 1700 AD. It was from these survivors that the island was repopulated.
4991:
202:
318:
hundred native speakers. From a 2001 census there were only about 644 speakers on
Pukapuka and its plantation island of Nassau. As of a 2011 census, there are now only 450 speakers due to a devastating cyclone that hit the island of Pukapuka in 2005. There are a total of 2,400 speakers worldwide, including those who live on Pukapuka and the 200 speakers on
3029:'near to speaker' can modify a noun in a noun phrase or a locative phrase. Doing so indicates that the entity encoded by the noun is within sight of or in the general locality of the speaker. For instance, in example 21 below, the speaker is likely pointing to a 'word' near them while asking the question.
4947:
Pukapukan is considered to be a threatened language and its “Intergenerational transmission is in the process of being broken, but the child-bearing generation can still use the language so it is possible that revitalization efforts could restore transmission of the language in the home. Speakers of
4929:
There is a limited list when it comes to the language of
Pukapukan. Although, today speakers of the language, locals of Pukapuka, and especially teachers on the island are working to put together books and resources dedicated to the teaching and structure of Pukapukan. Collaboratively the locals of
301:
Pukapukan is the language spoken on the coral atoll of
Pukapuka, located in the northern section of the Cook Islands Pukapukan shares minor intelligibility with its national language of Cook Islands Maori, and bears strong links to its neighboring Western Polynesian cultures specifically Samoa. The
292:
The majority of those speaking the language live in a number of migrant communities in New
Zealand and Australia. A bilingual dictionary was started by the school teachers on the island and completed in Auckland within the Pukapukan community there. An indepth study of the language has resulted in a
317:
The
Pukapukan language is indigenous to the island of Pukapuka and its satellite, Nassau. It is also spoken by small communities elsewhere in the Cook Islands, as well as in the larger diaspora communities in New Zealand and Australia. Today the population of Pukapuka has diminished with only a few
288:
Pukapukan is also known as "te leo Wale" ('the language of Home') in reference to the name of the northern islet where the people live. The atoll population has declined from some 750 in the early 1990s to less than 500 since the cyclone in 2005. Literacy in the
Pukapukan language was introduced in
4934:
in 2005. Since 2005 it has taken nearly 6 years to rebuild their communities. Currently there are a select number of manuscripts and dictionaries on the language of
Pukapukan, but their culture is kept alive through music and dance collaborations across the pacific and websites like YouTube.
3102:'near to addressee' only occurs in noun phrases and can denote a position near to the addressee (example 22), something belonging to the addressee or a characteristic behavior pattern or inherent quality of the addressee (example 23) or, in long-distance communication
875:
Pukapukan uses two different counting systems in the language; the ‘one unit’ and the ‘two unit’. Numeral classifiers are also used as prefixes for numbers over ten and different objects. The ‘one unit’ uses its word for ten ‘laungaulu’ and adds the ‘one unit’ number.
4948:
Pukapukan especially children are multilingual in
English and Cook Islands Maori, but English is rarely spoken outside of schools and many classes are actually taught in Pukapukan. Today, revitalization efforts of Pukapuka and its language is underway.
4787:
Pukapukan is not closely related to other Cook
Islands languages but it does show substantial borrowing from Eastern Polynesian languages, such as Rarotongan. In fact, because there is no ‘r’ in Pukapukan ‘l’ takes its place in Rarotongan borrowings.
242:. As a "Samoic Outlier" language with strong links to western Polynesia, Pukapukan is not closely related to any other languages of the Cook Islands, but does manifest substantial borrowing from some East Polynesian source in antiquity.
2970:
is found to be used even less. Reflexes of its Proto-Polynesian form have traditionally been glossed 'downwards,' but this meaning is hardly apparent in Pukapukan and is more often associated with meaning 'misfortune coming upon one.'
293:
reference grammar. The most significant publication in the Pukapuka language will be the "Puka Yā" (Bible), with the New Testament and Psalms (diglot edition, Pukapukan and English) expected to be published in early 2024.
2490:
The directional particles tend to modify verbs more frequently than nouns and are often associated with verbs that denote movement, as well as verbs that denote speech, perception, cognition and social interaction.
913:
Much like other Oceanic languages, Pukapukan has a three-way distinction of positional demonstrative particles that relate to the position of the speaker and addressee. In Pukapukan, these include
3106:
can indicate that the addressee is anticipated to be in a certain place at the time of reading the letter or story or answering the phone call during the long-distance communication (example 24).
1481:‘here with (being demonstrated).’ These demonstrative pronouns constitute the nucleus of indefinite nominal predicates and are normally followed by their subjects as shown in examples 7–10 below.
6017:
3446:
Firstly, indefinite demonstrative pronouns can function as predicates which denote spatial or temporal location and are usually followed by their subjects as demonstrated in examples 7–10 above.
5588:
PRD:predicate CIA:‘passive’ suffix DA:definitive accent DIR:directional particle G:goal marker PRE:prefix AF:aforementioned R:monomoraic reduplication va-vayi RR:bimoraic reduplication
4158:‘like so ’ can modify a predicate, function as verbs, denote modality, introduce direct or indirect speech or stand as a pro-form for a prepositional phrase. For example,
281:. There is also evidence that Pukapuka had prehistoric contact with Micronesia, as there are quite a number of words in Pukapukan that appear to be borrowings from
5613:
2441:. In particular, the directional and positional modifiers help indicate spatial and temporal directions and positions from the speaker and/or addressee.
827:
Like many other Polynesian languages, Pukapukan uses a lot of full and partial reduplication, some times to emphasize a word or to give it new meaning.
14459:
992:
and as represented below can be equated with personal pronouns (example 1), pronouns (examples 2–3) or definite common noun phrases (examples 4–5).
6044:
10800:
8714:
5005:
10812:
554:
is often used as a causative prefix in Austronesian languages, but in Pukapukan it has various functionalities. Due to Rarotongan influence,
4162:
functions as a verb meaning ‘carry on in like manner’ to the action or state described in a previous clause as seen in example 34 below.
212:
3449:
When denoting temporal location, demonstrative predicates may do this specifically (as in example 26) or indirectly (as in example 27).
305:
The island was one of the first of the Cook Islands to be discovered by the Europeans, on Sunday 20 August 1595 by the Spanish explorer
14645:
5407:
3359:'away from both speaker and addressee; intensifier' may only occur with a directional meaning in verb phrases, not in noun phrases.
400:
sound in Pukapukan actually acts somewhat differently and is difficult for non native speakers to pronounce. It is pronounced like
5606:
3877:
can be used to set apart narrative clauses from backgrounding comments and is also used as a marker which concludes a narrative.
14625:
14452:
3649:
They may also function as an affirmation seeker or used to describe or explain an aside in real time to listeners and readers.
3021:
The positional modifiers indicate location in space or time relative to the speaker or to the deictic centre of the discourse.
5581:
8921:
6741:
6037:
4865:
Pukapukan uses many homophones in its vocabulary usually to give names to new words or items with similar origin meanings.
9678:
1465:
and the positional demonstrative particles can also be combined to form indefinite demonstrative pronouns. These include
1924:
may replace a personal pronoun or a proper locational noun. This can be seen in example 13 in which the locational noun
12647:
5599:
14445:
9485:
7260:
5520:
5493:
2771:
and for verbs of perception and communication can also indicate direction away from the deictic centre, for example:
988:‘this (being demonstrated or mentioned previously).’ These demonstrative pronouns only occur as subjects of nominal
12210:
11652:
11346:
338:
branch. Though grouped with the Cook Islands the language shows influence from both Eastern and Western Polynesia.
523:
In Pukapukan it is safe to say that every syllable ends with a vowel, every vowel is pronounced, and there are no
253:
group together as a cluster, and as such had significant influence on several of the Polynesian Outliers, such as
14057:
12284:
11300:
6030:
6012:
5645:
306:
1905:
These demonstrative pronouns occur as the head of a locative predicate as demonstrated in examples 11–13 below.
14640:
13905:
12662:
11039:
7803:
7681:
6577:
5838:
5559:
Pawley, Andrew (March 1966). "Polynesian Languages: A Subgrouping Based on Shared Innovations in Morphology".
2925:
can co-occur when modifying the same verb, when one has a directional meaning and the other has a temporal or
11821:
11386:
9169:
9144:
8651:
6524:
6457:
4206:
POSS that climb INT he ACC ART coconut first climb ACC ART second like-so just PRO arrive G ART coconut last
14121:
12056:
11589:
9901:
9101:
8073:
7813:
7111:
6780:
5704:
2258:
335:
188:
128:
2961:
in term of denoting temporal and aspectual meanings. However, these forms are rarely used in present day.
1372:
The demonstrative subject may separate the head from the possessive phase when the nominal predicate is a
548:, although it is clear that VSO is used more commonly. Adjectives always follow their nouns in Pukapukan.
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
393:
389:
374:
14552:
14258:
13485:
11724:
11200:
11150:
10830:
10386:
8960:
6356:
6339:
6124:
5843:
541:
482:. All vowels have two sounds, a long sound and a short sound. A vowel's length is indicated by writing a
113:
14630:
12914:
12892:
12374:
12045:
10021:
9706:
9365:
9217:
7978:
7454:
7335:
7004:
6979:
6752:
6713:
6497:
4209:
So he climbed the first coconut, climbed the second, and carried on like that got to the last coconut.
2941:
now has meanings 'upwards' and 'oblique to speaker,' which appears to be a one-particle combination of
14604:
14040:
13269:
13204:
12752:
11572:
11561:
11542:
10963:
10945:
10729:
10570:
9862:
9549:
9528:
9158:
8792:
8259:
8173:
7969:
7565:
7116:
7106:
6860:
6855:
5622:
3593:
In narratives, demonstrative predicates may be used to set the scene for an imminent event, such as:
3363:
often modifies motion verbs and can take on the directional meaning of 'there, yonder.' For example:
2942:
17:
13717:
9613:
4990:
14468:
13592:
13088:
11232:
11226:
10479:
10401:
10376:
9715:
9335:
9283:
9038:
7798:
7638:
7615:
7345:
7205:
7144:
6870:
6444:
6411:
8249:
929:
meaning ‘aforementioned.’ These demonstrative particles form compounds with the singular articles
14135:
14067:
13529:
13465:
13229:
12932:
12903:
11594:
10857:
10699:
10565:
10305:
10187:
9398:
8181:
8136:
7951:
7946:
7911:
7906:
7786:
7555:
7464:
7250:
6850:
6628:
6213:
5748:
5650:
8606:
7126:
13555:
13455:
12518:
11512:
11262:
10997:
9428:
9393:
8635:
8561:
8526:
7755:
7480:
6845:
6514:
6509:
6198:
6053:
1899:
331:
289:
the school in the 1980s, resulting in an improvement in the quality of education on the atoll.
108:
7993:
6694:
14304:
14188:
13950:
13851:
12334:
11270:
10734:
8551:
7998:
7872:
7836:
7545:
7083:
6865:
6428:
6373:
5959:
5786:
2257:
These forms can also be used to substitute a noun phrase which has been marked for case by a
352:
235:
63:
14537:
14361:
14220:
12627:
11527:
11492:
9569:
6974:
4956:
14472:
14155:
14112:
14013:
13965:
13940:
13895:
13749:
13587:
13214:
13134:
12612:
12339:
10704:
10381:
10333:
10055:
9959:
9443:
9438:
9383:
9355:
9091:
8556:
8460:
8440:
8236:
8226:
8216:
8146:
8141:
7167:
6999:
6840:
6800:
6645:
6640:
6368:
5728:
5695:
2438:
755:
have specialized meanings that become somewhat difficult to predict from the base meaning.
123:
11517:
9607:
7560:
7042:
5416:
925:‘away from both the speaker and addressee.’ Pukapukan also has the demonstrative particle
8:
14491:
14339:
14324:
13960:
13924:
13885:
13697:
13597:
13395:
13350:
13041:
13031:
13026:
12957:
12637:
12548:
12513:
12498:
12488:
12225:
12160:
11846:
11801:
11776:
11522:
11486:
11364:
11248:
11243:
11184:
11087:
10432:
10371:
10228:
9949:
9765:
9306:
9061:
8993:
8802:
8797:
8787:
8433:
8221:
8116:
8019:
7550:
7485:
7434:
7406:
7230:
7195:
7098:
7014:
6949:
6898:
6610:
6109:
5912:
5887:
989:
545:
388:
are not in the Cook Islands Maori language but are additions to Pukapukan. The semivowel
227:
14437:
13804:
13789:
13430:
13370:
12642:
9595:
8244:
6462:
14584:
14334:
14314:
14278:
14248:
14230:
14199:
14102:
14018:
14008:
13995:
13945:
13707:
13544:
13390:
13375:
13365:
13322:
13264:
13254:
13249:
13046:
12812:
12762:
12558:
12457:
12412:
12402:
12254:
12248:
12137:
12077:
11856:
11841:
11791:
11781:
11755:
11657:
11310:
10840:
10755:
10669:
10659:
10621:
10011:
9934:
9827:
9585:
9533:
9375:
9153:
9066:
8998:
8968:
8888:
8878:
8679:
8646:
8630:
8546:
8511:
8455:
8410:
8289:
8096:
7941:
7916:
7831:
7823:
7424:
7391:
7373:
7330:
7322:
7303:
7298:
7288:
7283:
7240:
7220:
7034:
6989:
6964:
6913:
6893:
6656:
6600:
6562:
6271:
6192:
6133:
6066:
5922:
5882:
5848:
5833:
5813:
5808:
5781:
5685:
5568:
5547:
4930:
the island are also working to bring back to their own community since the devastating
4218:
This demonstrative paradigm below shows the four deictic patterns found in Pukapukan.
2926:
483:
246:
33:
13809:
13129:
12992:
11537:
10416:
9857:
8480:
8299:
8024:
7709:
5080:
4952:
1376:
whose head is modified by a postposed possessive phrase, as shown in example 6 below.
180:
14635:
14273:
14268:
14225:
14170:
14160:
14145:
14092:
14003:
13985:
13980:
13929:
13916:
13890:
13819:
13769:
13712:
13687:
13610:
13435:
13405:
13385:
13380:
13340:
13169:
12843:
12822:
12797:
12772:
12732:
12702:
12692:
12687:
12677:
12667:
12563:
12523:
12483:
12087:
11938:
11928:
11913:
11881:
11831:
11796:
11786:
11766:
11599:
11507:
11497:
11141:
11123:
11118:
10739:
10694:
10649:
10590:
10580:
10523:
10492:
10406:
10348:
10208:
10182:
10138:
10123:
10113:
9969:
9964:
9944:
9852:
9780:
9770:
9650:
9630:
9523:
9433:
9350:
9164:
9129:
9114:
9071:
9046:
9018:
9008:
8988:
8983:
8951:
8931:
8906:
8867:
8851:
8754:
8739:
8505:
8470:
8394:
8329:
8284:
8279:
8269:
8201:
7888:
7846:
7770:
7730:
7700:
7600:
7590:
7580:
7570:
7528:
7268:
7245:
7210:
7136:
7121:
6994:
6954:
6936:
6918:
6908:
6880:
6795:
6731:
6585:
6532:
6383:
6261:
6164:
5866:
5818:
5803:
5733:
5723:
5718:
5675:
5551:
5516:
5489:
5443:
4075:
282:
250:
118:
14516:
14235:
13794:
13003:
11354:
10893:
9847:
8254:
7936:
5853:
351:
There are 15 letters in the Pukapukan alphabet – five vowels and 10 consonants. The
14542:
14521:
14486:
14353:
14329:
14309:
14253:
14240:
14215:
14180:
14150:
14140:
14062:
13970:
13955:
13863:
13649:
13582:
13577:
13420:
13410:
13400:
13360:
13355:
13292:
13259:
13244:
13224:
13154:
13021:
12977:
12967:
12952:
12947:
12838:
12802:
12792:
12787:
12767:
12742:
12727:
12657:
12472:
12452:
12437:
12432:
12422:
12417:
12364:
12205:
12180:
12170:
12155:
12102:
11999:
11973:
11948:
11892:
11836:
11698:
11604:
11428:
11403:
11305:
11285:
11210:
11072:
11024:
11006:
10835:
10760:
10714:
10709:
10678:
10601:
10545:
10540:
10529:
10508:
10411:
10353:
10338:
10328:
10218:
10161:
10078:
10073:
10040:
10035:
9998:
9979:
9974:
9939:
9837:
9790:
9760:
9755:
9655:
9453:
9403:
9388:
9360:
9301:
9264:
9234:
9119:
9086:
9076:
9056:
9028:
8978:
8941:
8911:
8840:
8777:
8728:
8601:
8536:
8521:
8400:
8381:
8321:
8304:
8111:
8106:
8101:
8091:
8086:
8081:
8059:
8034:
8014:
8009:
7901:
7808:
7623:
7605:
7516:
7419:
7414:
7386:
7363:
7273:
7225:
7215:
7182:
7172:
7067:
7062:
7057:
7047:
6969:
6959:
6944:
6929:
6923:
6888:
6819:
6805:
6770:
6765:
6721:
6684:
6679:
6664:
6557:
6467:
6434:
6391:
6285:
6239:
6234:
6096:
5941:
5917:
5892:
5858:
5823:
5768:
5753:
5743:
5640:
5539:
5508:
5481:
4415:
Pattern 1 generally corresponds to ‘near speaker, or deictic centre.’ For example:
1878:) for locational nouns. These type of demonstrative pronouns in Pukapukan include,
831:
kale, wave/surf; kale-le, undertow of the sea (waves coming in and others receding)
278:
13754:
13682:
13677:
13672:
13415:
11866:
11456:
9887:
9602:
32:
This article is about a language of the Cook Islands. Not to be confused with the
14568:
14372:
14367:
14194:
14087:
13975:
13825:
13814:
13764:
13739:
13549:
13505:
13450:
13445:
13297:
13239:
13234:
13219:
13174:
13159:
13117:
13112:
12972:
12942:
12874:
12848:
12807:
12737:
12722:
12717:
12697:
12672:
12632:
12553:
12543:
12538:
12528:
12508:
12493:
12467:
12382:
12344:
12329:
12309:
12304:
12259:
12233:
12185:
12165:
12117:
12112:
12097:
12072:
12027:
12009:
12004:
11994:
11988:
11983:
11953:
11933:
11908:
11903:
11887:
11806:
11761:
11750:
11677:
11620:
11502:
11466:
11451:
11433:
11359:
11336:
11331:
11238:
11195:
11189:
11179:
11162:
11092:
11077:
11062:
11019:
10973:
10919:
10898:
10824:
10750:
10745:
10724:
10689:
10654:
10644:
10639:
10633:
10518:
10469:
10396:
10391:
10363:
10318:
10294:
10274:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10236:
10213:
10192:
10151:
10118:
10108:
10006:
9984:
9954:
9918:
9882:
9877:
9842:
9822:
9785:
9775:
9747:
9590:
9564:
9554:
9502:
9497:
9296:
9254:
9244:
9199:
9194:
9179:
9134:
9013:
8973:
8782:
8764:
8749:
8693:
8669:
8596:
8581:
8450:
8428:
8359:
8264:
8206:
8191:
8131:
8054:
8039:
7931:
7926:
7921:
7841:
7793:
7719:
7714:
7491:
7429:
7396:
7381:
7308:
7190:
7162:
7154:
7052:
7019:
6903:
6832:
6699:
6669:
6590:
6567:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6482:
6472:
6396:
6311:
6306:
6279:
6186:
6146:
6141:
6114:
5954:
5949:
5776:
5670:
5472:
2499:
indicates real or implied movement in the direction of the speaker, for example:
2487:
of the directional particles of Pukapukan are found in all Polynesian languages.
270:
100:
9872:
3443:
In Pukapukan, demonstrative predicates take on a number of roles and functions.
193:
14425:
14294:
14165:
14097:
13934:
13779:
13759:
13702:
13639:
13560:
13510:
13500:
13495:
13475:
13460:
13440:
13345:
13335:
13330:
13302:
13144:
13139:
13107:
12997:
12987:
12937:
12922:
12869:
12853:
12817:
12782:
12682:
12588:
12578:
12573:
12462:
12442:
12427:
12387:
12359:
12354:
12324:
12299:
12289:
12279:
12269:
12264:
12243:
12215:
12200:
12175:
12127:
12122:
12107:
12014:
11978:
11963:
11958:
11943:
11923:
11897:
11876:
11871:
11861:
11811:
11771:
11745:
11729:
11719:
11703:
11693:
11672:
11667:
11662:
11547:
11532:
11476:
11471:
11461:
11423:
11418:
11413:
11326:
11275:
11205:
11057:
11052:
11047:
10978:
10914:
10872:
10611:
10606:
10585:
10575:
10448:
10313:
10289:
10279:
10257:
10177:
10156:
10088:
10083:
10050:
9832:
9724:
9559:
9466:
9420:
9312:
9291:
9259:
9249:
9229:
9189:
9174:
9124:
9109:
9051:
9003:
8936:
8883:
8819:
8688:
8641:
8571:
8495:
8423:
8405:
8349:
8344:
8294:
8274:
8196:
8186:
8162:
8151:
8049:
8044:
8029:
8003:
7988:
7983:
7896:
7878:
7781:
7760:
7668:
7653:
7648:
7633:
7628:
7595:
7585:
7575:
7540:
7533:
7459:
7358:
7353:
7293:
7200:
7024:
7009:
6984:
6760:
6726:
6674:
6605:
6595:
6552:
6487:
6477:
6316:
6228:
6175:
6169:
6086:
6078:
5993:
5907:
5738:
5680:
5428:
4978:
14619:
14299:
14263:
13799:
13784:
13774:
13744:
13722:
13692:
13644:
13515:
13480:
13470:
13425:
13312:
13307:
13287:
13279:
13179:
13164:
13149:
13124:
13101:
13096:
13077:
13062:
13036:
12982:
12962:
12777:
12757:
12712:
12707:
12652:
12598:
12583:
12568:
12533:
12503:
12407:
12397:
12392:
12319:
12314:
12294:
12274:
12238:
12190:
12150:
12145:
12092:
12082:
12067:
11968:
11918:
11625:
11408:
11113:
11097:
11029:
11014:
10983:
10968:
10958:
10953:
10877:
10846:
10765:
10719:
10683:
10595:
10535:
10513:
10442:
10437:
10323:
10284:
10128:
10103:
10098:
10093:
10065:
10045:
9913:
9800:
9795:
9737:
9732:
9696:
9518:
9471:
9461:
9317:
9239:
9184:
9081:
9023:
8872:
8772:
8744:
8734:
8591:
8541:
8531:
8516:
8485:
8389:
8364:
8354:
8339:
8334:
8211:
8156:
8126:
8121:
7643:
7278:
6689:
6452:
6423:
6401:
6256:
6181:
6104:
6007:
5927:
5828:
5512:
5447:
4931:
945:
5591:
5471:
Buse, Jasper; Taringa, Raututi (1996). Biggs, Bruce; Moekaʻa, Rangi (eds.).
13490:
13072:
13067:
12927:
12747:
12593:
12478:
12447:
12349:
12195:
11851:
11481:
11082:
11067:
10343:
10030:
9867:
9269:
8566:
8475:
8465:
8445:
7235:
5897:
4670:
Pattern 4 generally corresponds to ‘aforementioned or being demonstrated.’
4589:
Pattern 3 generally corresponds to ‘away from both speaker and addressee.’
239:
67:
5543:
5377:
164:
10935:
8586:
8576:
8500:
8490:
6811:
6022:
1870:
The demonstrative particles can also form compounds with the preposition
1642:
This my thought TAM go.PL we.DU G ART point cook ACC POSS we.DU bird here
274:
75:
5572:
5089:. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
4983:
4944:
5079:
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2020).
2937:
mostly functions as a politeness marker, but the directional particle
5485:
5480:. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University.
5085:
3869:
You know, that person who was turning over those husks, it was Tepou.
524:
319:
173:
157:
79:
71:
37:
5030:
201:
1875:
266:
231:
59:
5430:
Pukapuka Cook Islands lack of population concerns Tagata Pasifika
5221:. Te Reo Monographs. Auckland: Linguistic Society of New Zealand.
2484:
254:
8713:
5466:. Auckland: Pukapuka Dictionary Project, University of Auckland.
1373:
262:
209:
5360:
5358:
5062:
5060:
396:, in general, regularly reflect *f and *s, respectively. The
2683:
can indicate physical movement away from the speaker, as in:
884:
For numbers above nineteen the single unit numbers are used.
258:
3866:
there TOP ART person TAM RR-cover-CIA ART husk-DA, PRD Tepou
2855:
can also encode temporal progression away from the present.
948:
pronouns are formed by adding the singular specific article
364:⟨a, e, ng, i, k, l, m, n, o, p, t, u, v, w, y⟩
5530:
Krauss, Michael (1992). "The world's languages in crisis".
5355:
5345:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5278:
5276:
5274:
5249:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5230:
5228:
5200:
5198:
5196:
5194:
5181:
5179:
5177:
5175:
5162:
5160:
5147:
5145:
5078:
5057:
5415:(PhD dissertation). University of Auckland. Archived from
5132:
5130:
1645:
This is my idea, let's go to the point and cook our birds.
14467:
6355:
4503:
Pattern 2 generally corresponds to ‘near the addressee.’
245:
Recent research suggests that the languages of Pukapuka,
5336:
5324:
5312:
5300:
5288:
5271:
5259:
5240:
5225:
5191:
5172:
5157:
5142:
4138:
Pukapukan has four demonstrative adverbs. These include
3180:
2953:'oblique to speaker.' Hence, it can function similar to
208:
Pukapukan is classified as Definitely Endangered by the
10799:
9677:
5127:
898:
5474:
Cook Islands Maori dictionary with English finderlist
5102:
5100:
5098:
5096:
5045:
2674:
Don't splash water on me in case my clothes get wet.
834:
kapa, to clap hands in rhythm; kapa-kapa, to flutter
1874:‘to.’ These compounds can be used as a substitute (
27:
Polynesian language of Pukapuka atoll, Cook Islands
5093:
2253:When I got home, Father and the others were there.
540:Pukapukan uses the two distinctive word orders of
2135:Kalaka and Pilipa are where you are, aren't they?
14617:
5461:
5118:
5066:
2671:NEG.IMP you TAM sprinkle DIR TAM wet my clothes.
2359:TAM come.PL ANAPH.PN ART Ngake G here REDUP-work
2040:TAM LOC here also ART tour.group LOC ART time AF
322:, the most populous island of the Cook Islands.
285:(K. & M. Salisbury conference paper, 2013).
5442:. Hamilton, New Zealand: Outrigger Publishers.
5426:
5364:
1812:that ART octopus TAM run G inside POSS ART hole
1146:PRD you exactly that TAM uproot-CIA my place-DA
895:The ‘two unit’ is derived from the ‘one unit’.
4681:
4600:
4514:
4426:
4405:
4398:
4391:
4384:
4377:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4268:
4261:
4074:Lastly, demonstrative predicates do not allow
3810:
3800:
3680:
3670:
3565:
3508:
3498:
3281:
2782:
2634:
2603:
2272:
2191:
2055:
1943:
1746:
1518:
1195:
1103:
805:
790:
774:
759:
750:
732:
717:
701:
686:
677:
659:
644:
628:
613:
597:
582:
573:
567:
561:
555:
549:
514:
506:
498:
490:
448:
440:
432:
424:
416:
408:
14453:
6038:
6005:
5621:
5607:
3986:so take INT INT also they ART Uyo and his men
2250:go DIR I G home TAM LOC there ART Father etc.
572:is seen to be more formal. Nouns prefixed by
230:that developed in isolation on the island of
4019:
3191:
3125:
2876:
2802:
2707:
2624:
2523:
2155:
1815:Over there's an octopus fleeing to his hole.
1667:
1457:These are the people belonging to his canoe.
5470:
3863:ko te tangata na uwiuwia na pulú, ko Tepou.
3438:
3350:I hope you are all well there in Pukapuka .
1149:Was that indeed you who uprooted my garden?
14460:
14446:
6052:
6045:
6031:
5614:
5600:
4769:kāvatavata “noise made by snapping tongue”
3347:probably TAM good just you LOC home there.
2886:
2469:'upwards,' 'oblique to speaker'; 'please'
2432:
2362:The whole of Ngake will come here to work.
2293:
1171:
200:
5507:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5405:
5349:
5330:
5318:
5306:
5294:
5282:
5265:
5253:
5234:
5204:
5185:
5166:
5151:
5136:
5119:Lynch, J.; Ross, M.; Crowley, T. (2002).
5051:
4709:
4651:
4628:
4542:
4454:
3983:Kave loe lā oki lātou ia Uyo ma tana lau.
3835:
3201:
2581:
1782:
1701:
1688:
1599:
1425:
1326:
1206:
1133:
908:
903:
462:The vowels in Pukapukan are respectively
6016:) is being considered for deletion. See
4763:
4133:
3814:
3537:
1916:(meaning ‘to’) to the anaphoric pronoun
1114:
373:The consonant phonemes in Pukapukan are
213:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
5502:
5462:Beaglehole, Ernest; Beaglehole, Pearl.
5437:
5433:. TVNZ New Zealand – via YouTube.
5106:
5003:
4213:
2585:
1589:
14:
14618:
6065:
5558:
5529:
5440:Introduction to the Pukapukan Language
4955:, Pukapukan is deemed to be a form of
4739:
4055:
3747:here TAM RR-high PRO ART sky G up here
3258:R-grunt DIR POSS you song there C hear
2027:
880:18 – laungaulu ma valu (ten and eight)
91:450 in Cook Islands (2011 census)
14441:
10798:
9676:
8380:
7515:
6357:Western branches of Malayo–Polynesian
6354:
6338:
6337:
6064:
6026:
5595:
5216:
4974:
4972:
4691:
4610:
4524:
4436:
3744:na tiketike ai te langi ki lunga nei.
3524:This is really the time when is hot.
3315:
3261:Please start your song so can hear .
3237:
2694:
2510:
2345:
2283:
2201:
2132:TAM LOC there Q ART Kalaka and Pilipa
2085:
2065:
2043:The tour group was here at that time.
1999:
1953:
1912:is formed by joining the case marker
1639:ki te keonga, tunu i a tāua manu nei.
1529:
1365:PRD ART anger this POSS ART all youth
3007:definitive accent: 'away from both'
2767:Move away from me to the other side.
1368:This was all the youths were angry.
578:become verbs with similar meanings:
10801:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages
9679:Central Malayo-Polynesian languages
5031:"Te Pukamuna – Pukapuka Dictionary"
3989:So, then they took Uyo and his men.
3916:
3906:
3719:
3470:
3400:
2820:
2764:REDUP-move DIR you G ART other side
2725:
2533:
2325:
2173:
1764:
1610:
1553:
1543:
899:Demonstratives and Spatial Deictics
535:
392:and the palatalised dental spirant
40:in the Tuamotus (French Polynesia).
24:
14421:? indicates classification dispute
5989:? indicates classification dispute
5455:
5219:Aspects of Proto-Polynesian syntax
5123:. Richmond UK: Curzon. p. 38.
4969:
4898:Verbal prefix: good at, skilled in
4778:Yāmatangi “prayer for a fair wind”
4772:Pōiva “name of a deified ancestor”
4582:TAM LOC inside POSS ART box there.
362:occupies in the English alphabet.
25:
14657:
14646:Endangered Austronesian languages
6020:to help reach a consensus. ›
5561:Journal of the Polynesian Society
5004:Douglas, Briar (13 August 2013).
4496:TAM LOC inside POSS ART box here.
4222:Pukapukan Demonstrative Paradigm
3846:
3040:
2437:Pukapukan has several classes of
2374:
1809:te weke koa lele ki loto o te pū.
1454:TOP ART group here POSS his canoe
1288:
1234:
1161:
1067:
1031:
1003:
325:
5464:Pukapukan dictionary/ manuscript
5427:Tagata Pasifika (23 July 2009).
4989:
822:
5370:
5210:
5006:"Pukapuka dictionary goes live"
4919:
4909:n. Bundle, village, group, team
4719:
4638:
4552:
4464:
4189:
4092:
4070:So, that's the end of my story.
4029:
3942:
3824:
3782:
3750:Thus, the sky is high up above.
3701:
3691:
3622:
3480:
3410:
3340:Auwā ko lelei wua kōtou i Wale
3058:
2999:'away from both, 'intensifier'
2890:
2824:
2735:
2537:
2384:
2307:
2297:
2221:
2095:
2009:
1981:
1792:
1728:
1677:
1563:
1397:
1336:
1298:
1222:Who is that walking over there?
1175:
5112:
5072:
5023:
4997:
4751:TAM LOC inside POSS ART box AF
4663:TAM LOC inside POSS ART box-DA
2394:
1932:in the following constituent.
13:
1:
14626:Languages of the Cook Islands
5438:Teingoa, Walewaoa A. (1993).
5399:
4912:n. Name of a taro preparation
4860:
4758:
4666:is inside the box over there.
4067:so finish DIR PRO my story AF
3772:
3586:wait-CIA just here TAM finish
2428:The three of them over there.
1387:
1219:PRD ANAPH.PN that TAM walk-DA
368:
312:
14418:* indicates proposed status
5986:* indicates proposed status
5582:UNESCO state of the language
4924:
4782:
3521:here INT ART time TAM RR-hot
2425:PRD ART PRE-three over there
2243:Angatu atu au ki wale, ko i
1706:Please pass that book there.
341:
7:
14305:Futuna-Aniwa / West Futunan
5898:Futuna-Aniwa (West Futunan)
5406:Salisbury, Mary C. (2002).
5067:Beaglehole & Beaglehole
4938:
2569:Move a little closer to me.
2566:REDUP-move DIR G-ART I here
2483:According to Clark (1976),
2477:'?downwards,' 'misfortune'
1866:Here is your cup of coffee
952:. For example, when adding
838:
346:
10:
14662:
4872:v. to clap hands in rhythm
4775:pulu “the calf of the leg”
3645:Here carrying the canoes.
3431:dive there you G ART stone
3251:Kokoto ake tā kōtou īmene
2845:TAM write DIR he G-ART you
2352:Ka lōmamai ai ia Ngake ki
2037:oki te tele i te taime ia.
530:
404:in English "this, other".
296:
31:
14605:New Zealand Sign Language
14597:
14577:
14561:
14530:
14509:
14502:
14479:
14413:
14352:
14287:
14208:
14179:
14131:
14120:
14111:
14083:
14076:
14050:
14039:
13994:
13915:
13904:
13881:
13872:
13859:
13850:
13732:
13665:
13658:
13632:
13623:
13606:
13570:
13537:
13528:
13321:
13278:
13203:
13192:
13087:
13055:
13012:
12913:
12902:
12891:
12862:
12831:
12620:
12611:
12373:
12224:
12136:
12055:
12044:
12023:
11820:
11738:
11712:
11686:
11645:
11634:
11613:
11582:
11571:
11560:
11442:
11396:
11385:
11345:
11319:
11293:
11284:
11261:
11219:
11172:
11158:
11149:
11140:
11106:
11038:
11005:
10996:
10944:
10928:
10907:
10886:
10865:
10856:
10820:
10811:
10807:
10794:
10668:
10629:
10620:
10561:
10554:
10501:
10488:
10478:
10462:
10425:
10362:
10304:
10267:
10227:
10201:
10170:
10147:
10137:
10064:
10020:
9997:
9927:
9909:
9900:
9815:
9746:
9723:
9714:
9705:
9689:
9685:
9672:
9643:
9626:
9578:
9542:
9511:
9493:
9484:
9452:
9419:
9412:
9374:
9343:
9334:
9282:
9225:
9216:
9209:
9143:
9100:
9037:
8959:
8950:
8920:
8899:
8860:
8833:
8815:
8763:
8724:
8706:
8678:
8662:
8623:
8419:
8373:
8320:
8313:
8235:
8172:
8072:
7968:
7887:
7868:
7859:
7822:
7769:
7748:
7739:
7729:
7699:
7692:
7680:
7666:
7614:
7524:
7508:
7473:
7450:
7443:
7405:
7372:
7344:
7321:
7259:
7181:
7153:
7135:
7097:
7076:
7033:
6879:
6831:
6788:
6779:
6751:
6740:
6712:
6655:
6636:
6627:
6576:
6523:
6505:
6496:
6443:
6419:
6410:
6382:
6367:
6363:
6350:
6346:
6333:
6299:
6270:
6249:
6221:
6212:
6155:
6132:
6123:
6095:
6077:
6073:
6060:
5981:
5940:
5875:
5796:
5767:
5714:
5703:
5694:
5666:
5659:
5633:
5629:
5623:Central Pacific languages
3518:loa te taime ko velavela.
1863:here.with your cup coffee
937:and with the preposition
682:become transitive verbs:
457:
358:occurs in the place that
199:
187:
171:
155:
150:
97:
93:2,000 elsewhere (no date)
85:
55:
50:
45:
6018:templates for discussion
5513:10.1017/CBO9781139871549
4962:
4064:pau atu ai taku tala ia.
3439:Demonstrative predicates
3165:bring DIR my knife there
1928:‘home’ is replaced with
1461:The nonspecific article
980:‘that (over there)’ and
888:30 – lautolu (two three)
637:to put in the sun to dry
13598:Whitesands / East Tanna
5503:Crystal, David (2002).
4406:
4399:
4392:
4385:
4378:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4330:
4323:
4316:
4309:
4302:
4290:
4283:
4276:
4269:
4262:
2433:Demonstrative modifiers
2129:mō ia Kalaka ma Pilipa.
1477:that (over there)’ and
1143:na langaina toku kongá?
1052:PRD I this PRD Vakayala
921:‘near to addressee and
917:‘near to the speaker,’
806:
791:
775:
760:
751:
749:Some verbs prefixed by
733:
718:
702:
687:
678:
676:Adjectives prefixed by
660:
645:
629:
614:
598:
583:
574:
568:
562:
556:
550:
515:
507:
499:
491:
449:
441:
433:
425:
417:
409:
14335:Wallisian / East Uvean
14310:Futunan / East Futunan
14058:Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua
10268:Luangic–Kisaric ?
8527:Kelantan-Pattani Malay
6054:Austronesian languages
6013:Austronesian languages
5893:Futunan (East Futunan)
5883:Wallisian (East Uvean)
5646:Namosi-Naitasiri-Serua
5409:A Grammar of Pukapukan
3434:Dive down to the rock.
3168:Please pass my knife .
3090:PRD what ART name here
2668:, ka yuyū toku kākawu.
909:Demonstrative pronouns
904:Different form classes
14641:Nassau (Cook Islands)
13578:Kwamera / South Tanna
8552:Negeri Sembilan Malay
7804:Kota Marudu Talantang
5544:10.1353/lan.1992.0075
5121:The Oceanic Languages
4886:n. an emotional shock
4764:Indigenous vocabulary
4134:Demonstrative adverbs
3589:Just wait, finished.
2914:What did you do then?
2911:what DIR ANAPH.PN you
2848:Does he write to you?
2761:koe ki te toe kaokao.
1894:‘to there,’ in which
1055:This is me, Vakayala.
891:40 – lauwā (two four)
814:to decide to finalize
519:, crewcut (hairstyle)
375:/p,t,k,v,w,θ,m,n,ŋ,l/
332:Austronesian language
14503:Indigenous languages
14473:Realm of New Zealand
13583:Lenakel / West Tanna
8446:Brunei/Kedayan Malay
6578:Southern Cordilleran
5365:Tagata Pasifika 2009
5217:Clark, Ross (1976).
4959:for legal purposes.
4214:Deictic distinctions
3642:here carry ART canoe
3158:Aumai ake taku pāla
2991:'near to addressee'
2664:Auwē koe e tāpitāpi
2461:'away from speaker'
1890:‘to over there’ and
1635:toku manako, ka wō t
1276:This is his brother.
1273:PRD his brother this
783:to observe as sacred
14492:New Zealand English
11365:Natügu / Santa Cruz
10202:Wetar–Galoli ?
9614:Toraja-Saʼdan
8873:Kawi / Old Javanese
7814:Klias River Kadazan
7261:Gorontalo–Mongondow
6525:Central Cordilleran
4754:is inside the box .
4745:Ko i loto o te pia
4585:is inside the box .
4576:Ko i loto o te pia
4499:is inside the box .
4489:Ko i loto o te pia
4223:
4129:(Here is the book).
4078:of their subjects.
2976:
2446:
1886:to there, by you,’
546:verb-object-subject
542:verb–subject–object
228:Polynesian language
14553:Rakahanga-Manihiki
14538:Cook Islands Māori
14259:Rakahanga-Manihiki
14221:Cook Islands Māori
13486:Northeast Malakula
11725:Lavatbura–Lamusong
6781:Central Philippine
6067:Formosan languages
5844:Rakahanga-Manihiki
5839:Cook Islands Māori
4957:Cook Islands Māori
4895:v. to change color
4221:
3093:What is this word?
2983:'near to speaker'
2974:
2453:'towards speaker'
2444:
2419:Ko te tokatolu lā
1700:that DIR ART book-
486:above each vowel.
402:⟨th⟩
356:⟨ng⟩
336:Nuclear Polynesian
129:Nuclear Polynesian
66:islands, northern
14631:Futunic languages
14613:
14612:
14593:
14592:
14517:New Zealand Māori
14435:
14434:
14409:
14408:
14405:
14404:
14401:
14400:
14397:
14396:
14393:
14392:
14389:
14388:
14385:
14384:
14381:
14380:
14348:
14347:
14035:
14034:
14031:
14030:
14027:
14026:
13846:
13845:
13842:
13841:
13838:
13837:
13834:
13833:
13619:
13618:
13524:
13523:
13188:
13187:
12887:
12886:
12883:
12882:
12607:
12606:
12040:
12039:
12036:
12035:
11556:
11555:
11381:
11380:
11257:
11256:
11136:
11135:
11132:
11131:
10992:
10991:
10790:
10789:
10786:
10785:
10782:
10781:
10778:
10777:
10774:
10773:
10458:
10457:
9993:
9992:
9896:
9895:
9811:
9810:
9668:
9667:
9664:
9663:
9639:
9638:
9622:
9621:
9480:
9479:
9330:
9329:
9326:
9325:
9278:
9277:
8829:
8828:
8811:
8810:
8715:Northwest Sumatra
8702:
8701:
8619:
8618:
8615:
8614:
8506:Kendayan / Selako
8068:
8067:
7964:
7963:
7960:
7959:
7855:
7854:
7676:
7675:
7662:
7661:
7504:
7503:
7500:
7499:
7336:Calamian Tagbanwa
7317:
7316:
7093:
7092:
7005:Southern Sorsogon
6980:Northern Sorsogon
6939:
6932:
6822:
6815:
6708:
6707:
6623:
6622:
6619:
6618:
6384:Batanic (Bashiic)
6340:Malayo–Polynesian
6329:
6328:
6325:
6324:
6295:
6294:
6208:
6207:
6003:
6002:
5977:
5976:
5973:
5972:
5969:
5968:
5936:
5935:
5010:Cook Islands News
4987:(17th ed., 2013)
4915:n. Name of a bird
4858:
4857:
4413:
4412:
3019:
3018:
3015:'aforementioned'
2481:
2480:
1473:‘that (by you),’
972:‘that (by you),’
398:⟨y⟩
386:⟨w⟩
382:⟨y⟩
360:⟨G⟩
307:Álvaro de Mendaña
221:
220:
114:Malayo-Polynesian
16:(Redirected from
14653:
14507:
14506:
14462:
14455:
14448:
14439:
14438:
14129:
14128:
14118:
14117:
14081:
14080:
14048:
14047:
13913:
13912:
13879:
13878:
13857:
13856:
13663:
13662:
13630:
13629:
13535:
13534:
13276:
13275:
13270:Southeast Ambrym
13201:
13200:
12911:
12910:
12900:
12899:
12753:Arifama-Miniafia
12618:
12617:
12053:
12052:
11643:
11642:
11580:
11579:
11569:
11568:
11397:Gela–Guadalcanal
11394:
11393:
11360:Engdewu / Nanggu
11347:Reefs–Santa Cruz
11291:
11290:
11156:
11155:
11147:
11146:
11003:
11002:
10863:
10862:
10818:
10817:
10809:
10808:
10796:
10795:
10627:
10626:
10559:
10558:
10486:
10485:
10426:Southwest Maluku
10145:
10144:
9907:
9906:
9721:
9720:
9712:
9711:
9687:
9686:
9674:
9673:
9550:Aralle-Tabulahan
9543:Pitu Ulunna Salu
9491:
9490:
9417:
9416:
9341:
9340:
9223:
9222:
9214:
9213:
8957:
8956:
8722:
8721:
8717:–Barrier Islands
8711:
8710:
8602:Terengganu Malay
8378:
8377:
8318:
8317:
7866:
7865:
7809:Rungus / Momogun
7746:
7745:
7737:
7736:
7697:
7696:
7690:
7689:
7649:West Coast Bajaw
7522:
7521:
7513:
7512:
7509:Greater Barito *
7448:
7447:
7251:Western Bukidnon
7117:Central Tagbanwa
7107:Aborlan Tagbanwa
6935:
6928:
6861:Mount Iriga Agta
6856:Mount Iraya Agta
6818:
6810:
6786:
6785:
6753:Southern Mindoro
6749:
6748:
6714:Northern Mindoro
6634:
6633:
6503:
6502:
6498:Meso-Cordilleran
6417:
6416:
6380:
6379:
6365:
6364:
6352:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6335:
6334:
6219:
6218:
6130:
6129:
6075:
6074:
6062:
6061:
6047:
6040:
6033:
6024:
6023:
5712:
5711:
5701:
5700:
5664:
5663:
5631:
5630:
5616:
5609:
5602:
5593:
5592:
5576:
5555:
5526:
5499:
5486:10.15144/PL-C123
5479:
5467:
5451:
5434:
5423:
5421:
5414:
5393:
5392:
5390:
5388:
5374:
5368:
5362:
5353:
5347:
5334:
5328:
5322:
5316:
5310:
5304:
5298:
5292:
5286:
5280:
5269:
5263:
5257:
5251:
5238:
5232:
5223:
5222:
5214:
5208:
5202:
5189:
5183:
5170:
5164:
5155:
5149:
5140:
5134:
5125:
5124:
5116:
5110:
5104:
5091:
5090:
5076:
5070:
5064:
5055:
5049:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5027:
5021:
5020:
5018:
5016:
5001:
4995:
4994:
4993:
4976:
4953:Te Reo Maori Act
4875:v. to cry loudly
4791:
4790:
4741:
4721:
4711:
4693:
4683:
4653:
4640:
4630:
4612:
4602:
4554:
4544:
4526:
4516:
4466:
4456:
4438:
4428:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4381:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4224:
4220:
4191:
4094:
4057:
4031:
4021:
3944:
3918:
3908:
3848:
3837:
3826:
3816:
3812:
3802:
3784:
3774:
3721:
3703:
3693:
3682:
3672:
3624:
3567:
3539:
3510:
3500:
3482:
3472:
3412:
3402:
3317:
3283:
3239:
3203:
3193:
3182:
3127:
3060:
3042:
2977:
2973:
2964:In saying that,
2943:Proto-Polynesian
2892:
2888:
2878:
2826:
2822:
2804:
2784:
2737:
2727:
2709:
2696:
2636:
2626:
2605:
2587:
2583:
2539:
2535:
2525:
2512:
2447:
2443:
2396:
2386:
2376:
2347:
2327:
2309:
2299:
2295:
2285:
2274:
2223:
2203:
2193:
2175:
2157:
2097:
2087:
2067:
2057:
2029:
2011:
2001:
1983:
1955:
1945:
1794:
1784:
1766:
1748:
1730:
1703:
1690:
1679:
1669:
1612:
1601:
1591:
1565:
1555:
1545:
1531:
1520:
1469:‘this (by me),’
1427:
1399:
1389:
1338:
1328:
1300:
1290:
1236:
1208:
1197:
1177:
1173:
1163:
1135:
1116:
1105:
1069:
1033:
1005:
964:‘this (by me),’
818:
815:
812:
809:
803:
800:
797:
794:
787:
784:
781:
778:
772:
769:
766:
763:
754:
745:
742:
739:
736:
730:
727:
724:
721:
714:
711:
708:
705:
699:
696:
693:
690:
681:
672:
669:
666:
663:
657:
654:
651:
648:
641:
638:
635:
632:
626:
623:
620:
617:
610:
607:
604:
601:
595:
592:
589:
586:
577:
571:
565:
560:is shortened to
559:
553:
536:Basic word order
518:
510:
502:
494:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
452:
444:
436:
428:
420:
412:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
376:
365:
361:
357:
330:Pukapukan is an
279:Papua New Guinea
215:
204:
183:
167:
160:
103:
43:
42:
21:
14661:
14660:
14656:
14655:
14654:
14652:
14651:
14650:
14616:
14615:
14614:
14609:
14589:
14573:
14557:
14526:
14498:
14475:
14466:
14436:
14431:
14430:
14377:
14344:
14283:
14204:
14175:
14123:
14107:
14072:
14042:
14023:
13990:
13907:
13900:
13874:
13868:
13830:
13728:
13654:
13633:Loyalty Islands
13625:
13615:
13602:
13593:Southwest Tanna
13566:
13545:Erromanga / Sie
13520:
13317:
13274:
13206:
13196:
13194:
13184:
13113:Cape Cumberland
13083:
13056:South Pentecost
13051:
13032:Northeast Ambae
13015:North Pentecost
13014:
13008:
12905:
12894:
12879:
12858:
12832:Kilivila–Misima
12827:
12603:
12369:
12220:
12132:
12058:
12047:
12032:
12019:
11823:
11816:
11734:
11708:
11682:
11638:
11636:
11630:
11609:
11574:
11563:
11552:
11444:
11438:
11388:
11377:
11341:
11315:
11280:
11253:
11233:Southern Kaniet
11227:Northern Kaniet
11215:
11168:
11128:
11102:
11034:
10988:
10946:South Halmahera
10940:
10924:
10903:
10882:
10852:
10803:
10770:
10664:
10616:
10550:
10497:
10474:
10454:
10421:
10402:Southeast Babar
10377:Dawera-Daweloor
10358:
10300:
10263:
10223:
10197:
10171:Central Timor *
10166:
10133:
10060:
10016:
9989:
9923:
9892:
9807:
9742:
9701:
9681:
9660:
9635:
9618:
9574:
9538:
9507:
9476:
9448:
9408:
9370:
9322:
9274:
9205:
9145:Tomini–Tolitoli
9139:
9096:
9033:
8946:
8923:
8916:
8895:
8856:
8825:
8807:
8759:
8716:
8698:
8674:
8658:
8611:
8582:Pontianak Malay
8415:
8369:
8314:Malayo–Chamic *
8309:
8231:
8168:
8102:Kanowit–Tanjong
8074:Central Sarawak
8064:
7979:Kenyah / Bakung
7956:
7883:
7861:
7851:
7818:
7799:Eastern Kadazan
7787:Coastal Kadazan
7765:
7741:
7731:Southwest Sabah
7725:
7701:Northeast Sabah
7683:
7672:
7658:
7639:Pangutaran Sama
7610:
7496:
7469:
7439:
7401:
7368:
7340:
7313:
7255:
7206:Cotabato Manobo
7177:
7149:
7145:Western Subanon
7131:
7089:
7072:
7029:
6875:
6827:
6775:
6743:
6742:Greater Central
6736:
6704:
6651:
6615:
6572:
6519:
6492:
6439:
6406:
6371:
6359:
6342:
6321:
6300:Southern ?
6291:
6266:
6245:
6204:
6157:
6151:
6119:
6091:
6069:
6056:
6051:
6021:
6004:
5999:
5998:
5965:
5932:
5871:
5792:
5763:
5706:
5690:
5655:
5625:
5620:
5590:
5523:
5496:
5477:
5458:
5456:Further reading
5419:
5412:
5402:
5397:
5396:
5386:
5384:
5376:
5375:
5371:
5363:
5356:
5348:
5337:
5329:
5325:
5317:
5313:
5305:
5301:
5293:
5289:
5281:
5272:
5264:
5260:
5252:
5241:
5233:
5226:
5215:
5211:
5203:
5192:
5184:
5173:
5165:
5158:
5150:
5143:
5135:
5128:
5117:
5113:
5105:
5094:
5086:Glottolog 4.2.1
5077:
5073:
5065:
5058:
5050:
5046:
5036:
5034:
5029:
5028:
5024:
5014:
5012:
5002:
4998:
4988:
4977:
4970:
4965:
4941:
4927:
4922:
4863:
4785:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4743:
4731:
4723:
4713:
4703:
4695:
4685:
4675:
4668:
4657:Ko i loto o te
4655:
4642:
4632:
4622:
4614:
4604:
4594:
4587:
4574:
4564:
4556:
4546:
4536:
4528:
4518:
4508:
4501:
4487:
4476:
4468:
4458:
4448:
4440:
4430:
4420:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4216:
4211:
4201:
4193:
4183:
4175:
4167:
4136:
4131:
4114:
4104:
4096:
4083:
4072:
4059:
4049:
4041:
4033:
4023:
4013:
4005:
3995:
3991:
3978:
3970:
3962:
3954:
3946:
3936:
3928:
3920:
3910:
3900:
3892:
3882:
3873:In particular,
3871:
3858:
3850:
3840:
3828:
3818:
3804:
3794:
3786:
3776:
3766:
3756:
3752:
3739:
3731:
3723:
3713:
3705:
3695:
3685:
3674:
3664:
3654:
3647:
3634:
3626:
3616:
3608:
3598:
3591:
3577:
3569:
3559:
3549:
3541:
3530:
3526:
3513:
3502:
3492:
3484:
3474:
3464:
3454:
3441:
3436:
3428:koe ki te watu.
3422:
3414:
3404:
3394:
3386:
3376:
3368:
3352:
3338:
3327:
3319:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3275:
3267:
3263:
3249:
3241:
3231:
3221:
3213:
3205:
3195:
3185:
3174:
3170:
3156:
3145:
3137:
3129:
3119:
3111:
3095:
3083:E wea te ingoa
3081:
3070:
3062:
3052:
3044:
3034:
2916:
2902:
2894:
2880:
2868:
2860:
2850:
2836:
2828:
2814:
2806:
2794:
2786:
2776:
2769:
2755:
2747:
2739:
2729:
2719:
2711:
2699:
2688:
2676:
2662:
2654:
2646:
2638:
2628:
2615:
2607:
2597:
2589:
2575:
2571:
2557:
2549:
2541:
2527:
2515:
2504:
2435:
2430:
2417:
2407:
2399:
2388:
2378:
2368:
2364:
2350:
2339:
2329:
2319:
2311:
2301:
2287:
2276:
2266:
2261:. For example:
2255:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2215:
2205:
2195:
2185:
2177:
2167:
2159:
2149:
2141:
2137:
2123:
2115:
2107:
2099:
2089:
2079:
2069:
2059:
2049:
2045:
2031:
2021:
2013:
2003:
1993:
1985:
1975:
1967:
1957:
1947:
1937:
1868:
1860:tau kapu kaope.
1855:
1847:
1839:
1831:
1821:
1817:
1804:
1796:
1786:
1776:
1768:
1758:
1750:
1740:
1732:
1722:
1712:
1708:
1692:
1681:
1671:
1661:
1651:
1647:
1630:
1622:
1614:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1575:
1567:
1557:
1547:
1533:
1522:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1486:
1459:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1419:
1409:
1401:
1391:
1381:
1370:
1356:
1348:
1340:
1330:
1320:
1310:
1302:
1292:
1282:
1278:
1264:
1256:
1246:
1238:
1228:
1224:
1210:
1199:
1189:
1179:
1165:
1155:
1151:
1137:
1126:
1118:
1107:
1097:
1087:
1079:
1071:
1061:
1057:
1043:
1035:
1025:
1015:
1007:
997:
911:
906:
901:
871:laungaulu “ten”
841:
825:
816:
813:
810:
801:
798:
795:
785:
782:
779:
770:
767:
764:
743:
740:
737:
728:
725:
722:
712:
709:
706:
697:
694:
691:
670:
667:
664:
655:
652:
649:
639:
636:
633:
624:
621:
618:
608:
605:
602:
593:
590:
587:
538:
533:
460:
401:
397:
385:
381:
371:
363:
359:
355:
349:
344:
328:
315:
299:
271:Solomon Islands
217:
216:
207:
179:
163:
156:
146:
104:
101:Language family
99:
92:
88:
87:Native speakers
41:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
14659:
14649:
14648:
14643:
14638:
14633:
14628:
14611:
14610:
14608:
14607:
14601:
14599:
14598:Sign languages
14595:
14594:
14591:
14590:
14588:
14587:
14581:
14579:
14575:
14574:
14572:
14571:
14565:
14563:
14559:
14558:
14556:
14555:
14550:
14545:
14540:
14534:
14532:
14528:
14527:
14525:
14524:
14519:
14513:
14511:
14504:
14500:
14499:
14497:
14496:
14495:
14494:
14483:
14481:
14480:Major language
14477:
14476:
14465:
14464:
14457:
14450:
14442:
14433:
14432:
14429:
14428:
14426:extinct status
14422:
14419:
14415:
14414:
14411:
14410:
14407:
14406:
14403:
14402:
14399:
14398:
14395:
14394:
14391:
14390:
14387:
14386:
14383:
14382:
14379:
14378:
14376:
14375:
14370:
14365:
14358:
14356:
14350:
14349:
14346:
14345:
14343:
14342:
14337:
14332:
14327:
14322:
14317:
14312:
14307:
14302:
14297:
14291:
14289:
14285:
14284:
14282:
14281:
14276:
14271:
14266:
14261:
14256:
14251:
14246:
14245:
14244:
14233:
14228:
14223:
14218:
14212:
14210:
14206:
14205:
14203:
14202:
14197:
14192:
14185:
14183:
14177:
14176:
14174:
14173:
14168:
14163:
14158:
14153:
14148:
14143:
14138:
14136:Kapingamarangi
14132:
14126:
14115:
14109:
14108:
14106:
14105:
14100:
14095:
14090:
14084:
14078:
14074:
14073:
14071:
14070:
14068:Western Fijian
14065:
14060:
14054:
14052:
14045:
14037:
14036:
14033:
14032:
14029:
14028:
14025:
14024:
14022:
14021:
14016:
14011:
14006:
14000:
13998:
13992:
13991:
13989:
13988:
13983:
13978:
13973:
13968:
13963:
13958:
13953:
13948:
13943:
13938:
13932:
13927:
13921:
13919:
13910:
13902:
13901:
13899:
13898:
13893:
13888:
13882:
13876:
13870:
13869:
13867:
13866:
13860:
13854:
13848:
13847:
13844:
13843:
13840:
13839:
13836:
13835:
13832:
13831:
13829:
13828:
13823:
13817:
13812:
13807:
13802:
13797:
13792:
13787:
13782:
13777:
13772:
13767:
13762:
13757:
13752:
13747:
13742:
13736:
13734:
13730:
13729:
13727:
13726:
13720:
13715:
13710:
13705:
13700:
13695:
13690:
13685:
13680:
13675:
13669:
13667:
13660:
13659:New Caledonian
13656:
13655:
13653:
13652:
13647:
13642:
13636:
13634:
13627:
13621:
13620:
13617:
13616:
13614:
13613:
13607:
13604:
13603:
13601:
13600:
13595:
13590:
13585:
13580:
13574:
13572:
13568:
13567:
13565:
13564:
13558:
13553:
13547:
13541:
13539:
13532:
13526:
13525:
13522:
13521:
13519:
13518:
13513:
13508:
13503:
13498:
13493:
13488:
13483:
13478:
13473:
13468:
13463:
13458:
13453:
13448:
13443:
13438:
13433:
13428:
13423:
13418:
13413:
13408:
13403:
13398:
13393:
13388:
13383:
13378:
13373:
13368:
13363:
13358:
13353:
13348:
13343:
13338:
13333:
13327:
13325:
13319:
13318:
13316:
13315:
13310:
13305:
13300:
13295:
13290:
13284:
13282:
13273:
13272:
13267:
13262:
13257:
13252:
13247:
13242:
13237:
13232:
13227:
13222:
13217:
13211:
13209:
13198:
13190:
13189:
13186:
13185:
13183:
13182:
13177:
13172:
13167:
13162:
13157:
13152:
13147:
13142:
13137:
13132:
13127:
13122:
13121:
13120:
13110:
13105:
13099:
13093:
13091:
13089:Espiritu Santo
13085:
13084:
13082:
13081:
13075:
13070:
13065:
13059:
13057:
13053:
13052:
13050:
13049:
13044:
13039:
13034:
13029:
13024:
13018:
13016:
13010:
13009:
13007:
13006:
13001:
12995:
12990:
12985:
12980:
12975:
12970:
12965:
12960:
12955:
12950:
12945:
12940:
12935:
12930:
12925:
12919:
12917:
12908:
12897:
12889:
12888:
12885:
12884:
12881:
12880:
12878:
12877:
12872:
12866:
12864:
12860:
12859:
12857:
12856:
12851:
12846:
12841:
12835:
12833:
12829:
12828:
12826:
12825:
12820:
12815:
12810:
12805:
12800:
12795:
12790:
12785:
12780:
12775:
12770:
12765:
12760:
12755:
12750:
12745:
12740:
12735:
12730:
12725:
12720:
12715:
12710:
12705:
12700:
12695:
12690:
12685:
12680:
12675:
12670:
12665:
12660:
12655:
12650:
12645:
12640:
12635:
12630:
12624:
12622:
12615:
12609:
12608:
12605:
12604:
12602:
12601:
12596:
12591:
12586:
12581:
12576:
12571:
12566:
12561:
12556:
12551:
12546:
12541:
12536:
12531:
12526:
12521:
12516:
12511:
12506:
12501:
12496:
12491:
12486:
12481:
12476:
12470:
12465:
12460:
12455:
12450:
12445:
12440:
12435:
12430:
12425:
12420:
12415:
12410:
12405:
12400:
12395:
12390:
12385:
12379:
12377:
12371:
12370:
12368:
12367:
12362:
12357:
12352:
12347:
12342:
12337:
12332:
12327:
12322:
12317:
12312:
12307:
12302:
12297:
12292:
12287:
12282:
12277:
12272:
12267:
12262:
12257:
12252:
12246:
12241:
12236:
12230:
12228:
12222:
12221:
12219:
12218:
12213:
12208:
12203:
12198:
12193:
12188:
12183:
12178:
12173:
12168:
12163:
12158:
12153:
12148:
12142:
12140:
12134:
12133:
12131:
12130:
12125:
12120:
12115:
12110:
12105:
12100:
12095:
12090:
12085:
12080:
12075:
12070:
12064:
12062:
12050:
12042:
12041:
12038:
12037:
12034:
12033:
12031:
12030:
12024:
12021:
12020:
12018:
12017:
12012:
12007:
12002:
11997:
11992:
11986:
11981:
11976:
11971:
11966:
11961:
11956:
11951:
11946:
11941:
11936:
11931:
11926:
11921:
11916:
11911:
11906:
11901:
11895:
11890:
11885:
11879:
11874:
11869:
11864:
11859:
11854:
11849:
11844:
11839:
11834:
11828:
11826:
11818:
11817:
11815:
11814:
11809:
11804:
11799:
11794:
11789:
11784:
11779:
11774:
11769:
11764:
11759:
11753:
11748:
11742:
11740:
11736:
11735:
11733:
11732:
11727:
11722:
11716:
11714:
11710:
11709:
11707:
11706:
11701:
11696:
11690:
11688:
11684:
11683:
11681:
11680:
11675:
11670:
11665:
11660:
11655:
11649:
11647:
11640:
11632:
11631:
11629:
11628:
11623:
11617:
11615:
11611:
11610:
11608:
11607:
11602:
11597:
11592:
11586:
11584:
11577:
11566:
11558:
11557:
11554:
11553:
11551:
11550:
11545:
11540:
11535:
11530:
11525:
11520:
11515:
11510:
11505:
11500:
11495:
11490:
11484:
11479:
11474:
11469:
11464:
11459:
11454:
11448:
11446:
11440:
11439:
11437:
11436:
11431:
11426:
11421:
11416:
11411:
11406:
11400:
11398:
11391:
11383:
11382:
11379:
11378:
11376:
11375:
11374:
11373:
11370:
11362:
11357:
11351:
11349:
11343:
11342:
11340:
11339:
11334:
11329:
11323:
11321:
11317:
11316:
11314:
11313:
11308:
11303:
11297:
11295:
11288:
11282:
11281:
11279:
11278:
11273:
11267:
11265:
11263:Saint Matthias
11259:
11258:
11255:
11254:
11252:
11251:
11246:
11241:
11236:
11230:
11223:
11221:
11217:
11216:
11214:
11213:
11208:
11203:
11198:
11193:
11187:
11182:
11176:
11174:
11170:
11169:
11167:
11166:
11159:
11153:
11144:
11138:
11137:
11134:
11133:
11130:
11129:
11127:
11126:
11121:
11116:
11110:
11108:
11104:
11103:
11101:
11100:
11095:
11090:
11085:
11080:
11075:
11070:
11065:
11060:
11055:
11050:
11044:
11042:
11036:
11035:
11033:
11032:
11027:
11022:
11017:
11011:
11009:
11000:
10994:
10993:
10990:
10989:
10987:
10986:
10981:
10976:
10971:
10966:
10961:
10956:
10950:
10948:
10942:
10941:
10939:
10938:
10932:
10930:
10926:
10925:
10923:
10922:
10917:
10911:
10909:
10905:
10904:
10902:
10901:
10896:
10890:
10888:
10884:
10883:
10881:
10880:
10875:
10869:
10867:
10860:
10854:
10853:
10851:
10850:
10844:
10838:
10833:
10828:
10821:
10815:
10805:
10804:
10792:
10791:
10788:
10787:
10784:
10783:
10780:
10779:
10776:
10775:
10772:
10771:
10769:
10768:
10763:
10758:
10753:
10748:
10743:
10737:
10732:
10727:
10722:
10717:
10712:
10707:
10702:
10697:
10692:
10687:
10681:
10675:
10673:
10666:
10665:
10663:
10662:
10657:
10652:
10647:
10642:
10637:
10630:
10624:
10618:
10617:
10615:
10614:
10609:
10604:
10599:
10593:
10588:
10583:
10578:
10573:
10568:
10562:
10556:
10552:
10551:
10549:
10548:
10543:
10538:
10533:
10527:
10521:
10516:
10511:
10505:
10503:
10499:
10498:
10496:
10495:
10489:
10483:
10480:Central Maluku
10476:
10475:
10473:
10472:
10466:
10464:
10460:
10459:
10456:
10455:
10453:
10452:
10446:
10440:
10435:
10429:
10427:
10423:
10422:
10420:
10419:
10414:
10409:
10404:
10399:
10394:
10389:
10384:
10379:
10374:
10368:
10366:
10360:
10359:
10357:
10356:
10351:
10346:
10341:
10336:
10331:
10326:
10321:
10316:
10310:
10308:
10302:
10301:
10299:
10298:
10292:
10287:
10282:
10277:
10271:
10269:
10265:
10264:
10262:
10261:
10255:
10249:
10244:
10239:
10233:
10231:
10225:
10224:
10222:
10221:
10216:
10211:
10205:
10203:
10199:
10198:
10196:
10195:
10190:
10185:
10180:
10174:
10172:
10168:
10167:
10165:
10164:
10159:
10154:
10148:
10142:
10135:
10134:
10132:
10131:
10126:
10121:
10116:
10111:
10106:
10101:
10096:
10091:
10086:
10081:
10076:
10070:
10068:
10062:
10061:
10059:
10058:
10053:
10048:
10043:
10038:
10033:
10027:
10025:
10018:
10017:
10015:
10014:
10009:
10003:
10001:
9995:
9994:
9991:
9990:
9988:
9987:
9982:
9977:
9972:
9967:
9962:
9957:
9952:
9947:
9942:
9937:
9931:
9929:
9925:
9924:
9922:
9921:
9916:
9910:
9904:
9902:Flores–Lembata
9898:
9897:
9894:
9893:
9891:
9890:
9885:
9880:
9875:
9870:
9865:
9860:
9855:
9850:
9845:
9840:
9835:
9830:
9825:
9819:
9817:
9816:Western Flores
9813:
9812:
9809:
9808:
9806:
9805:
9804:
9803:
9793:
9788:
9783:
9778:
9773:
9768:
9763:
9758:
9752:
9750:
9744:
9743:
9741:
9740:
9735:
9729:
9727:
9718:
9709:
9703:
9702:
9700:
9699:
9693:
9691:
9683:
9682:
9670:
9669:
9666:
9665:
9662:
9661:
9659:
9658:
9653:
9647:
9645:
9641:
9640:
9637:
9636:
9634:
9633:
9627:
9624:
9623:
9620:
9619:
9617:
9616:
9611:
9605:
9600:
9599:
9598:
9588:
9582:
9580:
9576:
9575:
9573:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9546:
9544:
9540:
9539:
9537:
9536:
9531:
9526:
9521:
9515:
9513:
9509:
9508:
9506:
9505:
9500:
9494:
9488:
9482:
9481:
9478:
9477:
9475:
9474:
9469:
9464:
9458:
9456:
9450:
9449:
9447:
9446:
9441:
9436:
9431:
9425:
9423:
9414:
9410:
9409:
9407:
9406:
9401:
9399:Highland Konjo
9396:
9391:
9386:
9380:
9378:
9372:
9371:
9369:
9368:
9363:
9358:
9353:
9347:
9345:
9338:
9336:South Sulawesi
9332:
9331:
9328:
9327:
9324:
9323:
9321:
9320:
9315:
9310:
9304:
9299:
9294:
9288:
9286:
9280:
9279:
9276:
9275:
9273:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9232:
9226:
9220:
9211:
9207:
9206:
9204:
9203:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9156:
9150:
9148:
9141:
9140:
9138:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9106:
9104:
9102:Saluan–Banggai
9098:
9097:
9095:
9094:
9089:
9084:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9043:
9041:
9035:
9034:
9032:
9031:
9026:
9021:
9016:
9011:
9006:
9001:
8996:
8991:
8986:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8965:
8963:
8954:
8948:
8947:
8945:
8944:
8939:
8934:
8928:
8926:
8918:
8917:
8915:
8914:
8909:
8903:
8901:
8897:
8896:
8894:
8893:
8892:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8876:
8864:
8862:
8858:
8857:
8855:
8854:
8849:
8846:
8843:
8837:
8835:
8831:
8830:
8827:
8826:
8824:
8823:
8816:
8813:
8812:
8809:
8808:
8806:
8805:
8800:
8795:
8790:
8785:
8780:
8775:
8769:
8767:
8761:
8760:
8758:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8725:
8719:
8708:
8704:
8703:
8700:
8699:
8697:
8696:
8691:
8685:
8683:
8676:
8675:
8673:
8672:
8666:
8664:
8660:
8659:
8657:
8656:
8655:
8654:
8649:
8644:
8639:
8627:
8625:
8621:
8620:
8617:
8616:
8613:
8612:
8610:
8609:
8604:
8599:
8594:
8589:
8584:
8579:
8574:
8569:
8564:
8559:
8554:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8519:
8514:
8509:
8503:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8443:
8438:
8437:
8436:
8431:
8420:
8417:
8416:
8414:
8413:
8408:
8403:
8398:
8392:
8386:
8384:
8375:
8371:
8370:
8368:
8367:
8362:
8357:
8352:
8347:
8342:
8337:
8332:
8326:
8324:
8315:
8311:
8310:
8308:
8307:
8302:
8297:
8292:
8287:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8252:
8247:
8241:
8239:
8233:
8232:
8230:
8229:
8224:
8219:
8214:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8194:
8189:
8184:
8178:
8176:
8170:
8169:
8167:
8166:
8160:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8137:Bah-Biau Punan
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8078:
8076:
8070:
8069:
8066:
8065:
8063:
8062:
8057:
8052:
8047:
8042:
8037:
8032:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7986:
7981:
7975:
7973:
7966:
7965:
7962:
7961:
7958:
7957:
7955:
7954:
7952:Sesayap Tidong
7949:
7947:Nonukan Tidong
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7893:
7891:
7885:
7884:
7882:
7881:
7876:
7869:
7863:
7857:
7856:
7853:
7852:
7850:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7828:
7826:
7820:
7819:
7817:
7816:
7811:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7790:
7789:
7784:
7775:
7773:
7767:
7766:
7764:
7763:
7758:
7752:
7750:
7743:
7734:
7727:
7726:
7724:
7723:
7717:
7712:
7706:
7704:
7694:
7693:North Borneo *
7687:
7678:
7677:
7674:
7673:
7667:
7664:
7663:
7660:
7659:
7657:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7620:
7618:
7612:
7611:
7609:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7548:
7543:
7538:
7537:
7536:
7525:
7519:
7510:
7506:
7505:
7502:
7501:
7498:
7497:
7495:
7494:
7489:
7483:
7477:
7475:
7471:
7470:
7468:
7467:
7465:Umiray Dumaget
7462:
7457:
7451:
7445:
7444:Other branches
7441:
7440:
7438:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7411:
7409:
7403:
7402:
7400:
7399:
7394:
7389:
7384:
7378:
7376:
7370:
7369:
7367:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7350:
7348:
7342:
7341:
7339:
7338:
7333:
7327:
7325:
7319:
7318:
7315:
7314:
7312:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7265:
7263:
7257:
7256:
7254:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7187:
7185:
7179:
7178:
7176:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7159:
7157:
7151:
7150:
7148:
7147:
7141:
7139:
7133:
7132:
7130:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7103:
7101:
7095:
7094:
7091:
7090:
7088:
7087:
7080:
7078:
7077:(unclassified)
7074:
7073:
7071:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7039:
7037:
7031:
7030:
7028:
7027:
7022:
7017:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6947:
6942:
6941:
6940:
6933:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6885:
6883:
6877:
6876:
6874:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6837:
6835:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6825:
6824:
6823:
6816:
6803:
6798:
6792:
6790:
6783:
6777:
6776:
6774:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6757:
6755:
6746:
6738:
6737:
6735:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6718:
6716:
6710:
6709:
6706:
6705:
6703:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6661:
6659:
6653:
6652:
6650:
6649:
6643:
6637:
6631:
6625:
6624:
6621:
6620:
6617:
6616:
6614:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6582:
6580:
6574:
6573:
6571:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6529:
6527:
6521:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6512:
6506:
6500:
6494:
6493:
6491:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6449:
6447:
6445:Cagayan Valley
6441:
6440:
6438:
6437:
6432:
6426:
6420:
6414:
6412:Northern Luzon
6408:
6407:
6405:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6388:
6386:
6377:
6361:
6360:
6344:
6343:
6331:
6330:
6327:
6326:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6303:
6301:
6297:
6296:
6293:
6292:
6290:
6289:
6283:
6276:
6274:
6268:
6267:
6265:
6264:
6259:
6253:
6251:
6247:
6246:
6244:
6243:
6237:
6232:
6225:
6223:
6216:
6210:
6209:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6202:
6196:
6190:
6184:
6179:
6173:
6167:
6161:
6159:
6153:
6152:
6150:
6149:
6144:
6138:
6136:
6127:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6101:
6099:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6089:
6083:
6081:
6071:
6070:
6058:
6057:
6050:
6049:
6042:
6035:
6027:
6001:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5994:extinct status
5990:
5987:
5983:
5982:
5979:
5978:
5975:
5974:
5971:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5964:
5963:
5957:
5952:
5946:
5944:
5938:
5937:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5879:
5877:
5873:
5872:
5870:
5869:
5864:
5863:
5862:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5800:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5790:
5784:
5779:
5773:
5771:
5765:
5764:
5762:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5749:Kapingamarangi
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5715:
5709:
5698:
5692:
5691:
5689:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5667:
5661:
5657:
5656:
5654:
5653:
5651:Western Fijian
5648:
5643:
5637:
5635:
5627:
5626:
5619:
5618:
5611:
5604:
5596:
5586:
5585:
5584:
5578:
5577:
5556:
5527:
5521:
5505:Language Death
5500:
5494:
5468:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5452:
5435:
5424:
5422:on 3 May 2019.
5401:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5369:
5354:
5352:, p. 214.
5350:Salisbury 2002
5335:
5333:, p. 213.
5331:Salisbury 2002
5323:
5321:, p. 343.
5319:Salisbury 2002
5311:
5309:, p. 275.
5307:Salisbury 2002
5299:
5297:, p. 263.
5295:Salisbury 2002
5287:
5285:, p. 247.
5283:Salisbury 2002
5270:
5268:, p. 246.
5266:Salisbury 2002
5258:
5256:, p. 242.
5254:Salisbury 2002
5239:
5237:, p. 241.
5235:Salisbury 2002
5224:
5209:
5207:, p. 235.
5205:Salisbury 2002
5190:
5188:, p. 202.
5186:Salisbury 2002
5171:
5169:, p. 206.
5167:Salisbury 2002
5156:
5154:, p. 205.
5152:Salisbury 2002
5141:
5139:, p. 261.
5137:Salisbury 2002
5126:
5111:
5092:
5071:
5056:
5052:Salisbury 2002
5044:
5022:
4996:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4940:
4937:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4917:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4887:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4873:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4845:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4827:
4823:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4770:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4732:
4724:
4714:
4704:
4696:
4686:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4643:
4633:
4623:
4615:
4605:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4565:
4557:
4547:
4537:
4529:
4519:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4477:
4469:
4459:
4449:
4441:
4431:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4371:
4370:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4342:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4266:
4259:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4215:
4212:
4194:
4184:
4176:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4146:‘like that ,’
4135:
4132:
4105:
4097:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4076:topicalisation
4050:
4042:
4034:
4024:
4014:
4006:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3971:
3963:
3955:
3947:
3937:
3929:
3921:
3911:
3901:
3893:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3851:
3841:
3829:
3819:
3805:
3795:
3787:
3777:
3767:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3732:
3724:
3714:
3706:
3696:
3686:
3675:
3665:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3627:
3617:
3609:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3570:
3560:
3550:
3542:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3503:
3493:
3485:
3475:
3465:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3440:
3437:
3415:
3405:
3395:
3387:
3377:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3328:
3320:
3310:
3302:
3294:
3286:
3276:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3242:
3232:
3222:
3214:
3206:
3196:
3186:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3146:
3138:
3130:
3120:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3071:
3063:
3053:
3045:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2984:
2981:
2949:'upwards' and
2895:
2881:
2869:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2829:
2815:
2807:
2795:
2787:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2748:
2740:
2730:
2720:
2712:
2700:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2655:
2647:
2639:
2629:
2616:
2608:
2598:
2590:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2550:
2542:
2528:
2516:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2434:
2431:
2408:
2400:
2389:
2379:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2340:
2330:
2320:
2312:
2302:
2288:
2277:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2234:
2226:
2216:
2206:
2196:
2186:
2178:
2168:
2160:
2150:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2090:
2080:
2070:
2060:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2022:
2014:
2004:
1994:
1986:
1976:
1968:
1958:
1948:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1848:
1840:
1832:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1797:
1787:
1777:
1769:
1759:
1751:
1741:
1733:
1723:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1682:
1672:
1662:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1623:
1615:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1576:
1568:
1558:
1548:
1534:
1523:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1438:
1430:
1420:
1410:
1402:
1392:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1374:complex phrase
1349:
1341:
1331:
1321:
1311:
1303:
1293:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1257:
1247:
1239:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1200:
1190:
1180:
1166:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1127:
1119:
1108:
1098:
1088:
1080:
1072:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1036:
1026:
1016:
1008:
998:
995:
994:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
893:
892:
889:
882:
881:
873:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
840:
837:
836:
835:
832:
824:
821:
820:
819:
788:
747:
746:
715:
674:
673:
642:
611:
537:
534:
532:
529:
521:
520:
512:
504:
496:
459:
456:
455:
454:
446:
438:
430:
422:
414:
370:
367:
348:
345:
343:
340:
327:
326:Classification
324:
314:
311:
298:
295:
236:northern group
219:
218:
206:
205:
197:
196:
191:
185:
184:
177:
169:
168:
161:
153:
152:
151:Language codes
148:
147:
145:
144:
143:
142:
141:
140:
139:
138:
137:
136:
107:
105:
98:
95:
94:
89:
86:
83:
82:
57:
53:
52:
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
14658:
14647:
14644:
14642:
14639:
14637:
14634:
14632:
14629:
14627:
14624:
14623:
14621:
14606:
14603:
14602:
14600:
14596:
14586:
14583:
14582:
14580:
14576:
14570:
14567:
14566:
14564:
14560:
14554:
14551:
14549:
14546:
14544:
14541:
14539:
14536:
14535:
14533:
14529:
14523:
14520:
14518:
14515:
14514:
14512:
14508:
14505:
14501:
14493:
14490:
14489:
14488:
14485:
14484:
14482:
14478:
14474:
14470:
14463:
14458:
14456:
14451:
14449:
14444:
14443:
14440:
14427:
14423:
14420:
14417:
14416:
14412:
14374:
14371:
14369:
14366:
14363:
14360:
14359:
14357:
14355:
14351:
14341:
14338:
14336:
14333:
14331:
14328:
14326:
14323:
14321:
14318:
14316:
14313:
14311:
14308:
14306:
14303:
14301:
14298:
14296:
14293:
14292:
14290:
14286:
14280:
14277:
14275:
14272:
14270:
14267:
14265:
14262:
14260:
14257:
14255:
14252:
14250:
14247:
14242:
14239:
14238:
14237:
14234:
14232:
14229:
14227:
14224:
14222:
14219:
14217:
14214:
14213:
14211:
14207:
14201:
14198:
14196:
14193:
14190:
14187:
14186:
14184:
14182:
14178:
14172:
14169:
14167:
14164:
14162:
14159:
14157:
14154:
14152:
14149:
14147:
14144:
14142:
14139:
14137:
14134:
14133:
14130:
14127:
14125:
14119:
14116:
14114:
14110:
14104:
14101:
14099:
14096:
14094:
14091:
14089:
14086:
14085:
14082:
14079:
14075:
14069:
14066:
14064:
14061:
14059:
14056:
14055:
14053:
14049:
14046:
14044:
14038:
14020:
14017:
14015:
14012:
14010:
14007:
14005:
14002:
14001:
13999:
13997:
13993:
13987:
13984:
13982:
13979:
13977:
13974:
13972:
13969:
13967:
13964:
13962:
13959:
13957:
13954:
13952:
13949:
13947:
13944:
13942:
13939:
13936:
13933:
13931:
13928:
13926:
13923:
13922:
13920:
13918:
13914:
13911:
13909:
13903:
13897:
13894:
13892:
13889:
13887:
13884:
13883:
13880:
13877:
13871:
13865:
13862:
13861:
13858:
13855:
13853:
13849:
13827:
13824:
13821:
13818:
13816:
13813:
13811:
13808:
13806:
13803:
13801:
13798:
13796:
13793:
13791:
13788:
13786:
13783:
13781:
13778:
13776:
13773:
13771:
13768:
13766:
13763:
13761:
13758:
13756:
13753:
13751:
13748:
13746:
13743:
13741:
13738:
13737:
13735:
13731:
13724:
13721:
13719:
13716:
13714:
13711:
13709:
13706:
13704:
13701:
13699:
13696:
13694:
13691:
13689:
13686:
13684:
13681:
13679:
13676:
13674:
13671:
13670:
13668:
13664:
13661:
13657:
13651:
13648:
13646:
13643:
13641:
13638:
13637:
13635:
13631:
13628:
13626:New Caledonia
13622:
13612:
13609:
13608:
13605:
13599:
13596:
13594:
13591:
13589:
13586:
13584:
13581:
13579:
13576:
13575:
13573:
13569:
13562:
13559:
13557:
13554:
13551:
13548:
13546:
13543:
13542:
13540:
13536:
13533:
13531:
13530:South Vanuatu
13527:
13517:
13514:
13512:
13509:
13507:
13504:
13502:
13499:
13497:
13494:
13492:
13489:
13487:
13484:
13482:
13479:
13477:
13474:
13472:
13469:
13467:
13464:
13462:
13459:
13457:
13456:Port Sandwich
13454:
13452:
13449:
13447:
13444:
13442:
13439:
13437:
13434:
13432:
13429:
13427:
13424:
13422:
13419:
13417:
13414:
13412:
13409:
13407:
13404:
13402:
13399:
13397:
13394:
13392:
13389:
13387:
13384:
13382:
13379:
13377:
13374:
13372:
13369:
13367:
13364:
13362:
13359:
13357:
13354:
13352:
13349:
13347:
13344:
13342:
13339:
13337:
13334:
13332:
13329:
13328:
13326:
13324:
13320:
13314:
13311:
13309:
13306:
13304:
13301:
13299:
13296:
13294:
13291:
13289:
13286:
13285:
13283:
13281:
13277:
13271:
13268:
13266:
13263:
13261:
13258:
13256:
13253:
13251:
13248:
13246:
13243:
13241:
13238:
13236:
13233:
13231:
13228:
13226:
13223:
13221:
13218:
13216:
13213:
13212:
13210:
13208:
13202:
13199:
13191:
13181:
13178:
13176:
13173:
13171:
13168:
13166:
13163:
13161:
13158:
13156:
13153:
13151:
13148:
13146:
13143:
13141:
13138:
13136:
13133:
13131:
13128:
13126:
13123:
13119:
13116:
13115:
13114:
13111:
13109:
13106:
13103:
13100:
13098:
13095:
13094:
13092:
13090:
13086:
13079:
13076:
13074:
13071:
13069:
13066:
13064:
13061:
13060:
13058:
13054:
13048:
13045:
13043:
13040:
13038:
13035:
13033:
13030:
13028:
13025:
13023:
13020:
13019:
13017:
13011:
13005:
13002:
12999:
12996:
12994:
12991:
12989:
12986:
12984:
12981:
12979:
12976:
12974:
12971:
12969:
12966:
12964:
12961:
12959:
12956:
12954:
12951:
12949:
12946:
12944:
12941:
12939:
12936:
12934:
12931:
12929:
12926:
12924:
12921:
12920:
12918:
12916:
12912:
12909:
12907:
12901:
12898:
12896:
12890:
12876:
12873:
12871:
12868:
12867:
12865:
12861:
12855:
12852:
12850:
12847:
12845:
12842:
12840:
12837:
12836:
12834:
12830:
12824:
12821:
12819:
12816:
12814:
12811:
12809:
12806:
12804:
12801:
12799:
12796:
12794:
12791:
12789:
12786:
12784:
12781:
12779:
12776:
12774:
12771:
12769:
12766:
12764:
12761:
12759:
12756:
12754:
12751:
12749:
12746:
12744:
12741:
12739:
12736:
12734:
12731:
12729:
12726:
12724:
12721:
12719:
12716:
12714:
12711:
12709:
12706:
12704:
12701:
12699:
12696:
12694:
12691:
12689:
12686:
12684:
12681:
12679:
12676:
12674:
12671:
12669:
12666:
12664:
12661:
12659:
12656:
12654:
12651:
12649:
12646:
12644:
12641:
12639:
12636:
12634:
12631:
12629:
12626:
12625:
12623:
12619:
12616:
12614:
12610:
12600:
12597:
12595:
12592:
12590:
12587:
12585:
12582:
12580:
12577:
12575:
12572:
12570:
12567:
12565:
12562:
12560:
12557:
12555:
12552:
12550:
12547:
12545:
12542:
12540:
12537:
12535:
12532:
12530:
12527:
12525:
12522:
12520:
12519:Lesing-Gelimi
12517:
12515:
12512:
12510:
12507:
12505:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12495:
12492:
12490:
12487:
12485:
12482:
12480:
12477:
12474:
12471:
12469:
12466:
12464:
12461:
12459:
12456:
12454:
12451:
12449:
12446:
12444:
12441:
12439:
12436:
12434:
12431:
12429:
12426:
12424:
12421:
12419:
12416:
12414:
12411:
12409:
12406:
12404:
12401:
12399:
12396:
12394:
12391:
12389:
12386:
12384:
12381:
12380:
12378:
12376:
12372:
12366:
12363:
12361:
12358:
12356:
12353:
12351:
12348:
12346:
12343:
12341:
12338:
12336:
12333:
12331:
12328:
12326:
12323:
12321:
12318:
12316:
12313:
12311:
12308:
12306:
12303:
12301:
12298:
12296:
12293:
12291:
12288:
12286:
12283:
12281:
12278:
12276:
12273:
12271:
12268:
12266:
12263:
12261:
12258:
12256:
12253:
12250:
12247:
12245:
12242:
12240:
12237:
12235:
12232:
12231:
12229:
12227:
12223:
12217:
12214:
12212:
12209:
12207:
12204:
12202:
12199:
12197:
12194:
12192:
12189:
12187:
12184:
12182:
12179:
12177:
12174:
12172:
12169:
12167:
12164:
12162:
12159:
12157:
12154:
12152:
12149:
12147:
12144:
12143:
12141:
12139:
12135:
12129:
12126:
12124:
12121:
12119:
12116:
12114:
12111:
12109:
12106:
12104:
12101:
12099:
12096:
12094:
12091:
12089:
12086:
12084:
12081:
12079:
12076:
12074:
12071:
12069:
12066:
12065:
12063:
12060:
12054:
12051:
12049:
12043:
12029:
12026:
12025:
12022:
12016:
12013:
12011:
12008:
12006:
12003:
12001:
11998:
11996:
11993:
11990:
11987:
11985:
11982:
11980:
11977:
11975:
11972:
11970:
11967:
11965:
11962:
11960:
11957:
11955:
11952:
11950:
11947:
11945:
11942:
11940:
11937:
11935:
11932:
11930:
11927:
11925:
11922:
11920:
11917:
11915:
11912:
11910:
11907:
11905:
11902:
11899:
11896:
11894:
11891:
11889:
11886:
11883:
11880:
11878:
11875:
11873:
11870:
11868:
11865:
11863:
11860:
11858:
11855:
11853:
11850:
11848:
11845:
11843:
11840:
11838:
11835:
11833:
11830:
11829:
11827:
11825:
11819:
11813:
11810:
11808:
11805:
11803:
11800:
11798:
11795:
11793:
11790:
11788:
11785:
11783:
11780:
11778:
11775:
11773:
11770:
11768:
11765:
11763:
11760:
11757:
11754:
11752:
11749:
11747:
11744:
11743:
11741:
11737:
11731:
11728:
11726:
11723:
11721:
11718:
11717:
11715:
11711:
11705:
11702:
11700:
11697:
11695:
11692:
11691:
11689:
11685:
11679:
11676:
11674:
11671:
11669:
11666:
11664:
11661:
11659:
11656:
11654:
11651:
11650:
11648:
11644:
11641:
11633:
11627:
11624:
11622:
11619:
11618:
11616:
11612:
11606:
11603:
11601:
11598:
11596:
11593:
11591:
11588:
11587:
11585:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11570:
11567:
11565:
11559:
11549:
11546:
11544:
11541:
11539:
11536:
11534:
11531:
11529:
11526:
11524:
11521:
11519:
11516:
11514:
11511:
11509:
11506:
11504:
11501:
11499:
11496:
11494:
11491:
11488:
11485:
11483:
11480:
11478:
11475:
11473:
11470:
11468:
11465:
11463:
11460:
11458:
11455:
11453:
11450:
11449:
11447:
11445:San Cristobal
11441:
11435:
11432:
11430:
11427:
11425:
11422:
11420:
11417:
11415:
11412:
11410:
11407:
11405:
11402:
11401:
11399:
11395:
11392:
11390:
11384:
11371:
11368:
11367:
11366:
11363:
11361:
11358:
11356:
11353:
11352:
11350:
11348:
11344:
11338:
11335:
11333:
11330:
11328:
11325:
11324:
11322:
11318:
11312:
11309:
11307:
11304:
11302:
11299:
11298:
11296:
11292:
11289:
11287:
11283:
11277:
11274:
11272:
11269:
11268:
11266:
11264:
11260:
11250:
11247:
11245:
11242:
11240:
11237:
11234:
11231:
11228:
11225:
11224:
11222:
11218:
11212:
11209:
11207:
11204:
11202:
11199:
11197:
11194:
11191:
11188:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11177:
11175:
11171:
11164:
11161:
11160:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11148:
11145:
11143:
11139:
11125:
11122:
11120:
11117:
11115:
11112:
11111:
11109:
11105:
11099:
11096:
11094:
11091:
11089:
11086:
11084:
11081:
11079:
11076:
11074:
11071:
11069:
11066:
11064:
11061:
11059:
11056:
11054:
11051:
11049:
11046:
11045:
11043:
11041:
11037:
11031:
11028:
11026:
11023:
11021:
11018:
11016:
11013:
11012:
11010:
11008:
11004:
11001:
10999:
10995:
10985:
10982:
10980:
10977:
10975:
10972:
10970:
10967:
10965:
10962:
10960:
10957:
10955:
10952:
10951:
10949:
10947:
10943:
10937:
10934:
10933:
10931:
10927:
10921:
10918:
10916:
10913:
10912:
10910:
10906:
10900:
10897:
10895:
10892:
10891:
10889:
10885:
10879:
10876:
10874:
10871:
10870:
10868:
10864:
10861:
10859:
10858:Halmahera Sea
10855:
10848:
10845:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10834:
10832:
10829:
10826:
10823:
10822:
10819:
10816:
10814:
10810:
10806:
10802:
10797:
10793:
10767:
10764:
10762:
10759:
10757:
10754:
10752:
10749:
10747:
10744:
10741:
10738:
10736:
10733:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10718:
10716:
10713:
10711:
10708:
10706:
10703:
10701:
10698:
10696:
10693:
10691:
10688:
10685:
10682:
10680:
10677:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10667:
10661:
10658:
10656:
10653:
10651:
10648:
10646:
10643:
10641:
10638:
10635:
10632:
10631:
10628:
10625:
10623:
10619:
10613:
10610:
10608:
10605:
10603:
10600:
10597:
10594:
10592:
10589:
10587:
10584:
10582:
10579:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10563:
10560:
10557:
10553:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10531:
10528:
10525:
10522:
10520:
10517:
10515:
10512:
10510:
10507:
10506:
10504:
10500:
10494:
10491:
10490:
10487:
10484:
10481:
10477:
10471:
10468:
10467:
10465:
10463:Kowiai ?
10461:
10450:
10447:
10444:
10441:
10439:
10436:
10434:
10431:
10430:
10428:
10424:
10418:
10415:
10413:
10410:
10408:
10405:
10403:
10400:
10398:
10395:
10393:
10390:
10388:
10385:
10383:
10380:
10378:
10375:
10373:
10370:
10369:
10367:
10365:
10361:
10355:
10352:
10350:
10347:
10345:
10342:
10340:
10337:
10335:
10332:
10330:
10327:
10325:
10322:
10320:
10317:
10315:
10312:
10311:
10309:
10307:
10303:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10281:
10278:
10276:
10273:
10272:
10270:
10266:
10259:
10256:
10253:
10250:
10248:
10245:
10243:
10240:
10238:
10235:
10234:
10232:
10230:
10226:
10220:
10217:
10215:
10212:
10210:
10207:
10206:
10204:
10200:
10194:
10191:
10189:
10186:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10175:
10173:
10169:
10163:
10160:
10158:
10155:
10153:
10150:
10149:
10146:
10143:
10140:
10136:
10130:
10127:
10125:
10122:
10120:
10117:
10115:
10112:
10110:
10107:
10105:
10102:
10100:
10097:
10095:
10092:
10090:
10087:
10085:
10082:
10080:
10077:
10075:
10072:
10071:
10069:
10067:
10063:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10029:
10028:
10026:
10023:
10019:
10013:
10010:
10008:
10005:
10004:
10002:
10000:
9996:
9986:
9983:
9981:
9978:
9976:
9973:
9971:
9968:
9966:
9963:
9961:
9960:South Lembata
9958:
9956:
9953:
9951:
9948:
9946:
9943:
9941:
9938:
9936:
9933:
9932:
9930:
9926:
9920:
9917:
9915:
9912:
9911:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9899:
9889:
9886:
9884:
9881:
9879:
9876:
9874:
9871:
9869:
9866:
9864:
9861:
9859:
9856:
9854:
9851:
9849:
9846:
9844:
9841:
9839:
9836:
9834:
9831:
9829:
9826:
9824:
9821:
9820:
9818:
9814:
9802:
9799:
9798:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9772:
9769:
9767:
9764:
9762:
9759:
9757:
9754:
9753:
9751:
9749:
9745:
9739:
9736:
9734:
9731:
9730:
9728:
9726:
9722:
9719:
9717:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9704:
9698:
9695:
9694:
9692:
9688:
9684:
9680:
9675:
9671:
9657:
9654:
9652:
9649:
9648:
9646:
9642:
9632:
9629:
9628:
9625:
9615:
9612:
9609:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9597:
9594:
9593:
9592:
9589:
9587:
9584:
9583:
9581:
9577:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9547:
9545:
9541:
9535:
9532:
9530:
9527:
9525:
9522:
9520:
9517:
9516:
9514:
9512:Massenrempulu
9510:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9495:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9483:
9473:
9470:
9468:
9465:
9463:
9460:
9459:
9457:
9455:
9451:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9435:
9432:
9430:
9429:Budong-Budong
9427:
9426:
9424:
9422:
9418:
9415:
9413:Seko–Badaic *
9411:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9394:Coastal Konjo
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9382:
9381:
9379:
9377:
9373:
9367:
9364:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9354:
9352:
9349:
9348:
9346:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9333:
9319:
9316:
9314:
9311:
9308:
9305:
9303:
9300:
9298:
9295:
9293:
9290:
9289:
9287:
9285:
9281:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9227:
9224:
9221:
9219:
9215:
9212:
9210:Kaili–Wolio *
9208:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9142:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9107:
9105:
9103:
9099:
9093:
9090:
9088:
9085:
9083:
9080:
9078:
9075:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9044:
9042:
9040:
9036:
9030:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9020:
9017:
9015:
9012:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8966:
8964:
8962:
8961:Bungku–Tolaki
8958:
8955:
8953:
8949:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8929:
8927:
8925:
8919:
8913:
8910:
8908:
8905:
8904:
8902:
8898:
8890:
8887:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8874:
8871:
8870:
8869:
8866:
8865:
8863:
8859:
8853:
8850:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8838:
8836:
8832:
8821:
8818:
8817:
8814:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8784:
8781:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8770:
8768:
8766:
8762:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8730:
8727:
8726:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8712:
8709:
8705:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8686:
8684:
8681:
8677:
8671:
8668:
8667:
8665:
8663:Rejang ?
8661:
8653:
8650:
8648:
8645:
8643:
8640:
8637:
8636:Old Sundanese
8634:
8633:
8632:
8629:
8628:
8626:
8622:
8608:
8605:
8603:
8600:
8598:
8595:
8593:
8592:Sarawak Malay
8590:
8588:
8585:
8583:
8580:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8568:
8565:
8563:
8562:Orang Seletar
8560:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8447:
8444:
8442:
8439:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8426:
8425:
8422:
8421:
8418:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8396:
8393:
8391:
8388:
8387:
8385:
8383:
8379:
8376:
8372:
8366:
8363:
8361:
8358:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8338:
8336:
8335:Cham dialects
8333:
8331:
8328:
8327:
8325:
8323:
8319:
8316:
8312:
8306:
8303:
8301:
8298:
8296:
8293:
8291:
8288:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8276:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8256:
8253:
8251:
8248:
8246:
8243:
8242:
8240:
8238:
8234:
8228:
8225:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8213:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8195:
8193:
8190:
8188:
8185:
8183:
8180:
8179:
8177:
8175:
8171:
8164:
8161:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8085:
8083:
8080:
8079:
8077:
8075:
8071:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8048:
8046:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7970:North Sarawak
7967:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7894:
7892:
7890:
7886:
7880:
7877:
7874:
7871:
7870:
7867:
7864:
7858:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7829:
7827:
7825:
7821:
7815:
7812:
7810:
7807:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7782:Central Dusun
7780:
7779:
7778:Kadazandusun
7777:
7776:
7774:
7772:
7768:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7756:Brunei Bisaya
7754:
7753:
7751:
7747:
7744:
7738:
7735:
7732:
7728:
7721:
7718:
7716:
7713:
7711:
7708:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7698:
7695:
7691:
7688:
7685:
7679:
7670:
7665:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7621:
7619:
7617:
7613:
7607:
7604:
7602:
7599:
7597:
7594:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7535:
7532:
7531:
7530:
7527:
7526:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7514:
7511:
7507:
7493:
7490:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7481:Inagta Alabat
7479:
7478:
7476:
7474:Manide–Alabat
7472:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7452:
7449:
7446:
7442:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7412:
7410:
7408:
7404:
7398:
7395:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7379:
7377:
7375:
7371:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7351:
7349:
7347:
7343:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7328:
7326:
7324:
7320:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7266:
7264:
7262:
7258:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7224:
7222:
7219:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7184:
7180:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7160:
7158:
7156:
7152:
7146:
7143:
7142:
7140:
7138:
7134:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7104:
7102:
7100:
7096:
7085:
7082:
7081:
7079:
7075:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7040:
7038:
7036:
7032:
7026:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6938:
6937:Old Cebuano †
6934:
6931:
6927:
6926:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6886:
6884:
6882:
6878:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6846:Central Bikol
6844:
6842:
6839:
6838:
6836:
6834:
6830:
6821:
6817:
6813:
6809:
6808:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6793:
6791:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6778:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6756:
6754:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6739:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6719:
6717:
6715:
6711:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6662:
6660:
6658:
6654:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6638:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6629:Central Luzon
6626:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6583:
6581:
6579:
6575:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6530:
6528:
6526:
6522:
6516:
6515:Southern Alta
6513:
6511:
6510:Northern Alta
6508:
6507:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6495:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6446:
6442:
6436:
6433:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6421:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6409:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6389:
6387:
6385:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6370:
6366:
6362:
6358:
6353:
6349:
6345:
6341:
6336:
6332:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6298:
6287:
6284:
6281:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6273:
6269:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6248:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6230:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6211:
6200:
6199:Papora-Hoanya
6197:
6194:
6191:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6177:
6174:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6154:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6139:
6137:
6135:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6122:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6102:
6100:
6098:
6094:
6088:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6063:
6059:
6055:
6048:
6043:
6041:
6036:
6034:
6029:
6028:
6025:
6019:
6015:
6014:
6009:
5995:
5991:
5988:
5985:
5984:
5980:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5947:
5945:
5943:
5939:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5874:
5868:
5865:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5795:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5770:
5766:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5693:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5665:
5662:
5658:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5632:
5628:
5624:
5617:
5612:
5610:
5605:
5603:
5598:
5597:
5594:
5589:
5583:
5580:
5579:
5574:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5557:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5533:
5528:
5524:
5522:0-521-65321-5
5518:
5514:
5510:
5506:
5501:
5497:
5495:0-85883-415-4
5491:
5487:
5483:
5476:
5475:
5469:
5465:
5460:
5459:
5449:
5445:
5441:
5436:
5432:
5431:
5425:
5418:
5411:
5410:
5404:
5403:
5383:
5379:
5373:
5366:
5361:
5359:
5351:
5346:
5344:
5342:
5340:
5332:
5327:
5320:
5315:
5308:
5303:
5296:
5291:
5284:
5279:
5277:
5275:
5267:
5262:
5255:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5244:
5236:
5231:
5229:
5220:
5213:
5206:
5201:
5199:
5197:
5195:
5187:
5182:
5180:
5178:
5176:
5168:
5163:
5161:
5153:
5148:
5146:
5138:
5133:
5131:
5122:
5115:
5108:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5088:
5087:
5082:
5075:
5068:
5063:
5061:
5053:
5048:
5032:
5026:
5011:
5007:
5000:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4973:
4968:
4960:
4958:
4954:
4949:
4946:
4943:According to
4936:
4933:
4932:Cyclone Percy
4914:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4903:
4897:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4866:
4853:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4789:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4755:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4742:
4737:
4736:
4730:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4671:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4654:
4648:
4647:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4590:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4563:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4504:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4475:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4416:
4408:
4404:
4401:
4397:
4394:
4390:
4387:
4383:
4380:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4318:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4250:
4245:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4219:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4179:
4174:
4171:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4154:‘like that ’
4153:
4149:
4145:
4142:‘like this,’
4141:
4130:
4127:
4126:ART book here
4124:
4123:
4119:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4103:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4089:
4079:
4077:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4045:
4040:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4009:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3977:
3974:
3969:
3966:
3961:
3958:
3953:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3932:
3927:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3896:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3878:
3876:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3857:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3738:
3735:
3730:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3650:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3633:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3612:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3594:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3576:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3548:
3545:
3540:
3534:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3421:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3390:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3375:
3372:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3326:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3305:
3300:
3297:
3292:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3271:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3212:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3144:
3141:
3136:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3115:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3069:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2893:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2873:
2867:
2864:
2856:
2854:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2842:iāna kia koe?
2841:
2835:
2832:
2827:
2818:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2799:
2793:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2754:
2751:
2746:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2645:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2593:
2588:
2579:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2548:
2545:
2540:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2488:
2486:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2445:Directionals
2442:
2440:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2291:
2286:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2262:
2260:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2232:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2106:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1908:The compound
1906:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1854:
1851:
1846:
1843:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1803:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1707:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1621:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1579:
1574:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1532:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1444:
1441:
1436:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1377:
1375:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1362:o te wī lōpā.
1361:
1355:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1178:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1125:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1078:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1006:
1001:
993:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
946:demonstrative
944:The definite
942:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
896:
890:
887:
886:
885:
879:
878:
877:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
842:
833:
830:
829:
828:
823:Reduplication
808:
793:
789:
777:
762:
758:
757:
756:
753:
735:
720:
716:
710:to straighten
704:
689:
685:
684:
683:
680:
662:
647:
643:
631:
616:
612:
606:to make peace
600:
585:
581:
580:
579:
576:
570:
564:
558:
552:
547:
543:
528:
526:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
488:
487:
485:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
406:
405:
378:
366:
354:
339:
337:
333:
323:
321:
310:
308:
303:
294:
290:
286:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
214:
211:
203:
198:
195:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
176:
175:
170:
166:
162:
159:
154:
149:
135:
132:
131:
130:
127:
126:
125:
122:
121:
120:
117:
116:
115:
112:
111:
110:
106:
102:
96:
90:
84:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:
54:
49:
44:
39:
35:
30:
19:
14547:
14531:Cook Islands
14424:† indicates
14319:
14189:Niuatoputapu
13013:Maewo–Ambae–
12915:Torres–Banks
12863:Nimoa–Sudest
12375:Ngero–Vitiaz
12335:Mangga Buang
12146:Arop-Sissano
11646:Tungag–Nalik
11635:New Ireland–
11271:Mussau-Emira
10998:Cenderawasih
10735:Seit-Kaitetu
10022:Kei–Tanimbar
9707:Sumba–Flores
9218:Kaili–Pamona
8567:Pahang Malay
8466:Bangka Malay
8374:Iban–Malayan
8260:Bukar–Sadong
7999:Wahau Kenyah
7837:Kinabatangan
7749:Bisaya–Lotud
7684:North Borneo
6866:Pandan Bikol
6458:Cagayan Agta
6429:Dicamay Agta
6011:
5992:† indicates
5902:
5787:Niuatoputapu
5758:
5587:
5567:(1): 39–64.
5564:
5560:
5535:
5531:
5504:
5473:
5463:
5439:
5429:
5417:the original
5408:
5385:. Retrieved
5381:
5372:
5326:
5314:
5302:
5290:
5261:
5218:
5212:
5120:
5114:
5107:Teingoa 1993
5084:
5074:
5047:
5035:. Retrieved
5025:
5013:. Retrieved
5009:
4999:
4982:
4950:
4942:
4928:
4920:Endangerment
4906:v. to tie up
4901:
4881:
4867:
4864:
4786:
4753:
4750:
4746:
4744:
4738:
4734:
4733:
4728:
4725:
4718:
4715:
4708:
4705:
4700:
4697:
4690:
4687:
4680:
4677:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4656:
4649:
4645:
4644:
4637:
4634:
4627:
4624:
4619:
4616:
4609:
4606:
4599:
4596:
4588:
4584:
4581:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4558:
4551:
4548:
4541:
4538:
4533:
4530:
4523:
4520:
4513:
4510:
4502:
4498:
4495:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4479:
4478:
4473:
4470:
4463:
4460:
4453:
4450:
4445:
4442:
4435:
4432:
4425:
4422:
4414:
4231:Positionals
4217:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4188:
4185:
4180:
4177:
4172:
4169:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4137:
4128:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4098:
4091:
4087:
4085:
4073:
4069:
4066:
4061:
4060:
4054:
4051:
4046:
4043:
4038:
4035:
4028:
4025:
4018:
4015:
4010:
4007:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3988:
3985:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3967:
3964:
3959:
3956:
3951:
3948:
3941:
3938:
3933:
3930:
3925:
3922:
3915:
3912:
3905:
3902:
3897:
3894:
3889:
3885:
3884:
3874:
3872:
3868:
3865:
3860:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3845:
3842:
3833:
3830:
3823:
3820:
3809:
3806:
3799:
3796:
3791:
3788:
3781:
3778:
3771:
3768:
3763:
3759:
3758:
3749:
3746:
3741:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3728:
3725:
3718:
3715:
3710:
3707:
3700:
3697:
3690:
3687:
3679:
3676:
3669:
3666:
3661:
3657:
3656:
3648:
3644:
3641:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3621:
3618:
3613:
3610:
3605:
3601:
3600:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3580:
3578:
3574:
3571:
3564:
3561:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3543:
3535:
3532:
3523:
3520:
3515:
3514:
3507:
3504:
3497:
3494:
3489:
3486:
3479:
3476:
3469:
3466:
3461:
3457:
3456:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3433:
3430:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3409:
3406:
3399:
3396:
3391:
3388:
3383:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3370:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3341:
3339:
3335:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3321:
3314:
3311:
3306:
3303:
3298:
3295:
3290:
3287:
3280:
3277:
3272:
3269:
3260:
3257:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3243:
3236:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3207:
3200:
3197:
3190:
3187:
3179:
3176:
3167:
3164:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3142:
3139:
3134:
3131:
3124:
3121:
3116:
3113:
3103:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3064:
3057:
3054:
3049:
3046:
3039:
3036:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3020:
2975:Positionals
2966:
2965:
2963:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2938:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2910:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2896:
2885:
2882:
2875:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2862:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2819:
2816:
2811:
2808:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2781:
2778:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2744:
2741:
2734:
2731:
2724:
2721:
2716:
2713:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2690:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2651:
2648:
2643:
2640:
2633:
2630:
2623:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2609:
2602:
2599:
2594:
2591:
2580:
2577:
2568:
2565:
2563:kai aku nei.
2560:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2546:
2543:
2532:
2529:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2509:
2506:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2482:
2436:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2401:
2393:
2390:
2383:
2380:
2373:
2370:
2361:
2358:
2353:
2351:
2344:
2341:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2321:
2316:
2313:
2306:
2303:
2292:
2289:
2281:
2278:
2271:
2268:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2200:
2197:
2190:
2187:
2182:
2179:
2172:
2169:
2164:
2161:
2154:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2134:
2131:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2112:
2109:
2104:
2101:
2094:
2091:
2084:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2064:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2042:
2039:
2034:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2008:
2005:
1998:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1952:
1949:
1942:
1939:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1844:
1841:
1836:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1791:
1788:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1770:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1752:
1745:
1742:
1737:
1734:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1705:
1699:
1697:ake te puká.
1694:
1693:
1686:
1683:
1676:
1673:
1666:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1644:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1608:
1605:
1598:
1595:
1588:
1585:
1580:
1577:
1572:
1569:
1562:
1559:
1552:
1549:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1527:
1524:
1517:
1514:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1434:
1431:
1424:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1403:
1396:
1393:
1386:
1383:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1345:
1342:
1335:
1332:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1287:
1284:
1275:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1243:
1240:
1233:
1230:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1204:
1201:
1194:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1170:
1167:
1160:
1157:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1139:Ko koe koia
1138:
1131:
1128:
1123:
1120:
1112:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1066:
1063:
1054:
1051:
1049:ko Vakayala.
1046:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1002:
999:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
943:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
912:
894:
883:
874:
865:valu “eight”
862:witu “seven”
850:tolu “three”
826:
748:
675:
539:
522:
461:
380:The letters
379:
372:
350:
329:
316:
304:
300:
291:
287:
269:(all in the
244:
240:Cook Islands
223:
222:
172:
133:
109:Austronesian
68:Cook Islands
29:
14510:New Zealand
14156:Ontong Java
14014:Pingelapese
13941:Mortlockese
13896:Marshallese
13875:Micronesian
13852:Micronesian
13588:North Tanna
13561:Utaha / Ifo
13215:North Efate
13135:Merei-Tiale
12340:Mapos Buang
10887:Maya–Matbat
10705:Sepa-Teluti
10382:North Babar
10334:Dela-Oenale
10056:Uruangnirin
9444:Seko Tengah
9439:Seko Padang
9384:Makassarese
9356:Campalagian
9092:Tukang Besi
8848:Lampung Api
8845:Lampung Nyo
8607:Urak Lawoiʼ
8587:Reman Malay
8577:Perak Malay
8557:Orang Kanaq
8512:Kutai Malay
8501:Kedah Malay
8491:Jambi Malay
8461:Berau Malay
8441:Minangkabau
8322:Aceh–Chamic
8147:Punan Merap
7842:Abai Sungai
7168:Maguindanao
7127:Taawʼt Bato
7000:Romblomanon
6851:Isarog Agta
6841:Albay Bikol
6812:Old Tagalog
6801:Kasiguranin
6648:(Remontado)
6646:Hatang Kayi
6641:Kapampangan
6006:‹ The
5729:Ontong Java
5538:(1): 4–10.
5378:"Pukapukan"
4799:Rarotongan
3639:iki nā vaka
3579:Kalia wua,
3255:ke langona.
2259:preposition
2247:ia Pāpā mā.
1882:‘to here,’
1451:o tona vaka
1358:Ko te lili
856:lima “five”
525:diphthongal
437:, fall over
275:Takuu Atoll
76:New Zealand
51:Te Leo Wale
36:dialect of
14620:Categories
14340:West Uvean
14325:Rennellese
14124:Polynesian
14113:Polynesian
13961:Satawalese
13956:Puluwatese
13925:Carolinian
13886:Gilbertese
13624:Loyalties–
13396:Maskelynes
13351:Big Nambas
13042:Sun̄wadaga
12638:Bwanabwana
12613:Papuan Tip
12549:Arop-Lukep
12161:Ulau-Suain
12048:New Guinea
11847:Cheke Holo
11802:Sursurunga
11777:Lungalunga
11739:St. George
11575:Melanesian
11487:Marau Wawa
11185:Baluan-Pam
11088:Serui-Laut
10866:Ambel–Biga
10433:East Damar
10372:West Damar
9950:Lewo Eleng
9766:Anakalangu
9716:Sumba–Hawu
9307:Ledo Kaili
9284:Wotu–Wolio
9062:Kaimbulawa
9039:Muna–Buton
8994:Mori Bawah
8922:Bali–Sasak
8889:Tenggerese
8879:Banyumasan
8803:Mandailing
8793:Simalungun
8707:Sumatran *
8652:Cirebonese
8537:Orang Laut
8434:Indonesian
8237:Land Dayak
8222:Krio Dayak
8117:Punan Batu
7994:Umaʼ Lasan
7616:Sama–Bajaw
7486:Katabangan
7435:Tontemboan
7231:Matigsalug
7196:Ata Manobo
7015:Surigaonon
6950:Hiligaynon
6899:Bantayanon
6820:Batangueño
6744:Philippine
6695:Mariveleño
6611:Pangasinan
6369:Philippine
6110:Kanakanavu
5913:Rennellese
5888:West Uvean
5814:Mangarevan
5707:Polynesian
5696:Polynesian
5400:References
5382:Ethnologue
5081:"Pukapuka"
4984:Ethnologue
4945:Ethnologue
4861:Homophones
4810:Rarotonga
4807:Lalotonga
4804:Rarotonga
4796:Pukapukan
4759:Vocabulary
4374:Pattern 4
4338:Pattern 3
4298:Pattern 2
4258:Pattern 1
4248:Pro-verbs
4246:Similative
1991:tour.group
1447:Ko te kau
990:predicates
868:iva “nine”
844:tayi “one”
799:to be sure
741:to sharpen
734:waka-kokoi
566:, whereas
503:, European
369:Consonants
313:Population
273:) and the
124:Polynesian
70:; some in
14585:Tokelauan
14548:Pukapukan
14469:Languages
14362:Niuafoʻou
14320:Pukapukan
14315:Mele-Fila
14279:Tuamotuan
14249:Marquesan
14231:Mangareva
14200:Tokelauan
14103:Lomaiviti
14019:Pohnpeian
14009:Ngatikese
13946:Namonuito
13538:Erromango
13466:Sörsörian
13391:Malua Bay
13376:Lendamboi
13366:Bwenelang
13265:Port Vato
13255:Lonwolwol
13250:Dalkalaen
13150:Shark Bay
13047:Sun̄wadia
12813:Yakaikeke
12763:Gapapaiwa
12628:ʼAuhelawa
12559:Malasanga
12458:Mouk-Aria
12413:Awad Bing
12403:Malalamai
12280:Maralango
12255:Aribwaung
12249:Aribwatsa
12226:Huon Gulf
12078:Kayupulau
11857:Ghanongga
11842:Blablanga
11824:Solomonic
11822:Northwest
11792:Ramoaaina
11782:Niwer Mil
11756:Guramalum
11751:Fanamaket
11658:Laxudumau
11639:Solomonic
11637:Northwest
11614:Bali-Vitu
11583:Willaumez
11528:Gulaʼalaa
11493:Toʼabaita
11489: ? †
11389:Solomonic
11387:Southeast
11311:Tanimbili
11151:Admiralty
11107:Southwest
10841:Warembori
10756:Nusa Laut
10660:Yalahatan
10306:Rote–Meto
10229:Kawaimina
10012:Seluwasan
9935:Lamaholot
9928:Lamaholot
9828:Manggarai
9586:Kalumpang
9570:Ulumandaʼ
9534:Malimpung
9154:Balaesang
9067:Kumbewaha
8999:Mori Atas
8969:Bahonsuai
8834:Lampungic
8647:Bantenese
8631:Sundanese
8624:Sundanese
8429:Malaysian
8411:Seberuang
8290:Semandang
8097:Daro-Matu
7942:Kalabakan
7917:Sembakung
7862:Murutic *
7832:Tombonuwo
7742:Dusunic *
7425:Tonsawang
7407:Minahasan
7392:Sangirese
7331:Agutaynen
7304:Ponosakan
7299:Mongondow
7289:Kaidipang
7284:Gorontalo
7241:Sarangani
7221:Kagayanen
7099:Palawanic
7043:Davawenyo
6990:Porohanon
6975:Masbateño
6965:Karolanos
6914:Caluyanon
6871:Rinconada
6789:Tagalogic
6675:Mag-antsi
6601:Kalanguya
6563:Kankanaey
6222:Kavalanic
6193:Favorlang
6156:Northwest
5960:Niuafo'ou
5923:Mele-Fila
5903:Pukapukan
5849:Tongareva
5834:Tuamotuan
5809:Marquesan
5782:Tokelauan
5759:Pukapukan
5686:Lomaiviti
5552:146789488
5448:154129938
4979:Pukapukan
4925:Materials
4889:n. shadow
4878:n. corner
4832:rimarima
4829:limalima
4783:Loanwords
4253:Pronouns
4241:Predicate
4236:Pronouns
4229:Postposed
3505:velavela.
2929:meaning.
2927:aspectual
2757:Yoloyolo
2559:Teketeke
2439:modifiers
2356:angaanga.
2342:angaanga.
1900:anaphoric
1829:here.with
1038:Vakayala.
859:ono “six”
853:wā “four”
847:lua “two”
807:waka-pono
703:waka-yako
342:Phonology
320:Rarotonga
224:Pukapukan
174:Glottolog
158:ISO 639-3
134:Pukapukan
80:Australia
72:Rarotonga
46:Pukapukan
38:Puka-Puka
34:Marquesan
18:Pukapukan
14636:Pukapuka
14274:Tahitian
14269:Rapa Nui
14226:Hawaiian
14171:Tuvaluan
14161:Sikaiana
14146:Nukumanu
14093:Gone Dau
14004:Mokilese
13996:Pohnpeic
13986:Woleaian
13981:Ulithian
13966:Sonsorol
13930:Chuukese
13908:Pohnpeic
13906:Chuukic–
13891:Kosraean
13820:Waamwang
13770:Hmwaveke
13733:Northern
13718:Xârâgurè
13688:Ndrumbea
13666:Southern
13611:Aneityum
13436:Neverver
13406:Nasarian
13386:Malfaxal
13381:Litzlitz
13341:Aveteian
13323:Malakula
13205:Central
13195:Southern
13170:Tolomako
13165:Tasiriki
12893:Southern
12844:Kilivila
12823:Gumawana
12798:Minaveha
12773:Kaninuwa
12733:Sewa Bay
12703:Boselewa
12693:Maiadomu
12688:Koluwawa
12678:Iamalele
12668:Bwaidoka
12663:Wagawaga
12564:Mur Pano
12524:Mangseng
12484:Sengseng
12300:Silisili
12138:Schouten
12088:Masimasi
12059:Jayapura
11929:Papapana
11914:Mono-Alu
11882:Kazukuru
11832:Babatana
11787:Patpatar
11767:Konomala
11600:Meramera
11543:ꞋAreꞌare
11518:Kwaraʼae
11508:Fataleka
11498:Baelelea
11443:Malaita–
11320:Vanikoro
11119:Yerisiam
10740:Kamarian
10695:Wakasihu
10670:Piru Bay
10650:Manusela
10622:Nunusaku
10591:Masiwang
10581:Watubela
10524:Hukumina
10493:Teor-Kur
10407:Emplawas
10349:Uab Meto
10183:Tukudede
10124:Tarangan
10114:Manombai
9970:Lewotobi
9965:Lamalera
9945:Lamatuka
9873:Nagé-Kéo
9853:Wae Rana
9781:Baliledo
9771:Wanukaka
9651:Chamorro
9644:Isolates
9631:Lemolang
9608:Talondoʼ
9524:Enrekang
9486:Northern
9434:Panasuan
9376:Makassar
9351:Buginese
9165:Dampelas
9130:Bobongko
9115:Balantak
9072:Lasalimu
9047:Bonerate
9019:Tomadino
9009:Rahambuu
8989:Moronene
8984:Kulisusu
8932:Balinese
8924:–Sumbawa
8907:Madurese
8900:Madurese
8868:Javanese
8861:Javanese
8852:Komering
8755:Simeulue
8740:Mentawai
8680:Moklenic
8471:Bengkulu
8395:Keninjal
8330:Acehnese
8300:Benyaduʼ
8285:Kembayan
8280:Jangkang
8270:Tringgus
8202:Hovongan
8020:Lundayeh
7912:Selungai
7907:Keningau
7847:Serudung
7824:Paitanic
7601:Ampanang
7591:Bakumpai
7571:Lawangan
7561:Maʼanyan
7556:Balangan
7529:Malagasy
7374:Sangiric
7323:Kalamian
7269:Bintauna
7246:Tagabawa
7211:Higaonon
7122:Palawano
7035:Mansakan
6995:Ratagnon
6955:Kabalian
6930:Boholano
6919:Capiznon
6909:Butuanon
6796:Filipino
6732:Tadyawan
6690:Mag-indi
6657:Sambalic
6586:Bugkalot
6533:Balangao
6376:) ?
6272:Siraiyac
6262:Sakizaya
6165:Saisiyat
6158:Formosan
6134:Atayalic
6125:Northern
6008:template
5867:Rapa Nui
5819:Tahitian
5804:Hawaiian
5734:Nukumanu
5724:Sikaiana
5719:Tuvaluan
5676:Gone Dau
5573:20704348
5532:Language
4951:Per the
4939:Vitality
4854:riringi
4851:lilingi
4251:Locative
4156:and peia
3677:tiketike
3273:probably
3244:langona.
2838:Ko tātā
2691:Yoloyolo
2660:clothes.
2613:sprinkle
2610:tāpitāpi
2507:Teketeke
2485:cognates
2391:tokatolu
1876:pro-form
1266:Ko tona
1216:e yaelé.
1110:langaina
1041:Vakayala
984:becomes
976:becomes
968:becomes
960:becomes
839:Numerals
695:straight
668:to wedge
527:sounds.
511:, father
347:Alphabet
283:Kiribati
267:Sikaiana
232:Pukapuka
194:Pukapuka
181:puka1242
60:Pukapuka
14578:Tokelau
14543:Penrhyn
14522:Moriori
14487:English
14471:of the
14364: ?
14330:Tikopia
14288:Futunic
14254:Penrhyn
14241:Moriori
14216:Austral
14209:Eastern
14151:Nukuoro
14141:Nuguria
14122:Nuclear
14063:Rotuman
14043:Pacific
14041:Central
13971:Tanapag
13951:Pááfang
13917:Chuukic
13873:Nuclear
13864:Nauruan
13805:Pwaamèi
13790:Nyâlayu
13713:Xârâcùù
13650:Nengone
13431:Neveʻei
13421:Navwien
13411:Nasvang
13401:Nahavaq
13371:Larëvat
13361:Burmbar
13356:Botovro
13293:Bierebo
13260:Paamese
13245:Daakaka
13225:Efatese
13207:Vanuatu
13197:Oceanic
13193:Nuclear
13155:Tamambo
13022:Baetora
12978:Mwotlap
12968:Mwerlap
12953:Lo-Toga
12948:Lemerig
12906:Vanuatu
12895:Oceanic
12839:Budibud
12803:Taupota
12793:Maiwala
12788:Haigwai
12768:Ghayavi
12743:Kakabai
12728:Mwatebu
12658:Unubahe
12643:Oyaʼoya
12621:Nuclear
12473:Kaulong
12453:Lamogai
12438:Mindiri
12433:Matukar
12423:Gedaged
12418:Bilibil
12365:Numbami
12206:Medebur
12181:Kairiru
12171:Yakamul
12156:Sissano
12103:Kaptiau
12061: ?
12000:Vangunu
11974:Tinputz
11949:Roviana
11893:Kusaghe
11837:Bannoni
11605:Nakanai
11564:Oceanic
11562:Western
11429:Malango
11306:Asumboa
11220:Western
11211:Penchal
11173:Eastern
11165: ?
11142:Oceanic
11073:Munggui
11025:Meoswar
10849: ?
10843: ?
10836:Waropen
10761:Saparua
10715:Kaibobo
10710:Paulohi
10679:Asilulu
10672: ?
10602:Benggoi
10546:Taliabo
10541:Mangole
10530:Moksela
10509:Ambelau
10412:Imroing
10354:Amarasi
10339:Termanu
10329:Ringgou
10260: ?
10254: ?
10219:Atauran
10162:Idalaka
10139:Timoric
10079:Batuley
10074:Barakai
10041:Yamdena
10036:Fordata
10024: ?
9980:Ile Ape
9975:Adonara
9940:Alorese
9838:Rembong
9791:Lamboya
9761:Mamboru
9756:Kambera
9656:Palauan
9610: ?
9596:Pattaeʼ
9404:Selayar
9389:Bentong
9361:Embaloh
9302:Laiyolo
9265:Topoiyo
9235:Mbelala
9202: ?
9161: ?
9120:Banggai
9087:Pancana
9077:Liabuku
9057:Cia-Cia
9029:Wawonii
8979:Kodeoha
8952:Celebic
8942:Sumbawa
8912:Kangean
8841:Lampung
8822: ?
8778:Angkola
8731: ?
8729:Enggano
8682: ?
8522:Kerinci
8508: ?
8401:Mualang
8397: ?
8305:Sanggau
8245:Bakatiʼ
8174:Kayanic
8112:Bukitan
8107:Melanau
8092:Sekapan
8087:Lahanan
8082:Kajaman
8060:Bintulu
8035:Berawan
8015:Lengilu
8010:Kelabit
8006: ?
7902:Timugon
7889:Murutic
7875: ?
7860:Greater
7771:Dusunic
7740:Greater
7722: ?
7682:Greater
7624:Abaknon
7606:Tunjung
7420:Tondano
7415:Tombulu
7387:Ratahan
7364:Teduray
7274:Bolango
7226:Kamigin
7216:Ilianen
7201:Binukid
7173:Maranao
7137:Subanen
7068:Mansaka
7063:Mandaya
7058:Mamanwa
7048:Kalagan
6970:Magahat
6960:Karay-a
6945:Cuyonon
6924:Cebuano
6889:Akeanon
6881:Bisayan
6806:Tagalog
6771:Tawbuid
6766:Hanunoo
6722:Alangan
6685:Botolan
6680:Bolinao
6665:Abellen
6558:Kalinga
6468:Gaddang
6463:Gaʼdang
6435:Ilocano
6392:Itbayat
6374:linkage
6286:Taivoan
6240:Luilang
6235:Kavalan
6010:below (
5962: ?
5918:Tikopia
5876:Futunic
5859:Moriori
5824:Austral
5797:Eastern
5754:Nukuoro
5744:Nuguria
5705:Nuclear
5641:Rotuman
5387:11 June
4892:n. Dawn
4239:Nominal
4234:Subject
4203:, , , .
3813:-cover-
3807:uwiuwia
3789:tangata
3583:na pau.
2908:ai koe?
2750:kaokao.
2657:kākawu.
2279:lōmamai
2118:Pilipa.
1738:octopus
1570:keonga,
1510:thought
1507:manako,
1254:brother
1113:uproot-
1085:exactly
1045:Ko oku
776:waka-yā
661:wakaela
630:waka-lā
599:waka-au
531:Grammar
429:, woman
353:digraph
334:of the
297:History
255:Tikopia
247:Tokelau
238:of the
234:in the
119:Oceanic
74:; also
14569:Niuean
14373:Tongan
14368:Niuean
14354:Tongic
14195:Samoan
14181:Samoic
14088:Fijian
13976:Tobian
13826:Yuanga
13815:Vamale
13810:Pwapwâ
13765:Haveke
13750:Cèmuhî
13740:Bwatoo
13550:Sorung
13506:Alovas
13451:Nitita
13446:Nisvai
13298:Bieria
13240:Makura
13235:Lelepa
13220:Nafsan
13175:Tutuba
13160:Tangoa
13130:Mav̋ea
13118:Nokuku
13027:Duidui
12993:Veraʼa
12973:Mwesen
12943:Lehali
12875:Sudest
12849:Misima
12808:Tawala
12738:Dawawa
12723:Molima
12718:Galeya
12698:Bunama
12673:Diodio
12648:Saliba
12633:Buhutu
12554:Karnai
12544:Mengen
12539:Mamusi
12529:Solong
12509:Bebeli
12499:Apalik
12494:Akolet
12489:Aiklep
12468:Karore
12383:Bariai
12345:Mumeng
12330:Kumalu
12310:Wampur
12305:Wampar
12265:Dangal
12260:Adzera
12234:Bukawa
12186:Terebu
12166:Tumleo
12118:Tobati
12113:Tarpia
12098:Podena
12073:Bonggo
12057:Sarmi–
12028:Tomoip
12010:Zabana
12005:Varisi
11995:Vaghua
11989:Uruava
11984:Ughele
11954:Saposa
11934:Petats
11909:Marovo
11904:Lungga
11888:Kokota
11807:Tangga
11762:Kandas
11699:Madara
11678:Tungag
11538:Doriʼo
11503:Baeggu
11467:Fagani
11452:Longgu
11434:Talise
11404:Bugotu
11369:Nalögo
11337:Tanema
11332:Lovono
11294:Utupua
11286:Temotu
11244:Wuvulu
11239:Seimat
11196:Lenkau
11190:Hermit
11163:Yapese
11093:Kurudu
11078:Papuma
11063:Wamesa
11020:Dusner
11007:Biakic
10974:Patani
10920:Fiawat
10899:Matbat
10825:Tandia
10751:Amahai
10746:Haruku
10725:Tulehu
10690:Manipa
10655:Wemale
10645:Huaulu
10640:Nuaulu
10634:Kayeli
10519:Lisela
10470:Kowiai
10417:Telaʼa
10397:Serili
10392:Masela
10319:Dengka
10295:Makuva
10275:Romang
10252:Naueti
10247:Midiki
10242:Waimoa
10237:Kairui
10214:Galoli
10193:Bekais
10188:Mambai
10152:Helong
10119:Mariri
10109:Lorang
10007:Selaru
9999:Selaru
9985:Mingar
9955:Levuka
9919:Kedang
9883:Rongga
9878:Ngadha
9858:Paluʼe
9843:Rajong
9823:Komodo
9786:Wejewa
9776:Pondok
9591:Mamasa
9579:Toraja
9565:Pannei
9555:Bambam
9503:Mandar
9498:Mamuju
9454:Badaic
9297:Kamaru
9255:Sarudu
9245:Pamona
9200:Totoli
9195:Tomini
9180:Pendau
9135:Saluan
9014:Tolaki
8974:Bungku
8750:Sikule
8694:Moklen
8670:Rejang
8597:Temuan
8481:Duanoʼ
8456:Banjar
8451:Bamayo
8382:Ibanic
8360:Roglai
8265:Biatah
8207:Aoheng
8192:Modang
8132:Burusu
8055:Tutong
8040:Belait
8025:Saʼban
7932:Paluan
7927:Okolod
7922:Baukan
7873:Tatana
7794:Kuijau
7720:Molbog
7715:Bonggi
7710:Idaʼan
7546:Malang
7517:Barito
7492:Manide
7430:Tonsea
7397:Talaud
7382:Bantik
7309:Suwawa
7191:Agusan
7183:Manobo
7163:Iranun
7053:Kamayo
7020:Tausug
6904:Baybay
6700:Sambal
6670:Ambala
6591:Ibaloi
6568:Tuwali
6548:Isinai
6543:Ifugao
6538:Bontoc
6483:Itawis
6473:Ibanag
6397:Ivatan
6312:Paiwan
6307:Puyuma
6280:Siraya
6187:Babuza
6147:Seediq
6142:Atayal
6115:Saaroa
6097:Tsouic
6079:Rukaic
5955:Niuean
5950:Tongan
5942:Tongic
5777:Samoan
5769:Samoic
5671:Fijian
5571:
5550:
5519:
5492:
5446:
5033:. 2013
4868:kapa
4837:angry
4826:hurry
4815:torch
4701:inside
4620:inside
4572:there.
4534:inside
4446:inside
4243:Heads
4181:second
4011:finish
3853:Tepou.
3792:person
3575:finish
3336:there.
3183:-grunt
3177:Kokoto
2397:-three
2231:Father
2144:Angatu
2121:Pilipa
2105:Kalaka
2102:Kalaka
1902:form.
1898:is an
1884:kinā ‘
1853:coffee
1850:kaope.
1774:inside
1212:Ko ai
1202:yaelé.
1132:place-
1129:kongá?
941:‘to.’
768:sacred
495:, rock
484:macron
478:, and
458:Vowels
445:, nose
426:wawine
263:Pileni
251:Tuvalu
210:UNESCO
64:Nassau
56:Region
14295:Anuta
14236:Māori
14166:Takuu
14098:Lauan
13935:Mapia
13795:Paicî
13780:Kumak
13760:Haeke
13703:Orowe
13698:Numèè
13640:Drehu
13571:Tanna
13511:Najit
13501:Rutan
13496:Vivti
13476:Tirax
13461:Rerep
13441:Ninde
13346:Axamb
13336:Avava
13331:Aulua
13303:Lamen
13145:Sakao
13140:Mores
13108:Araki
13004:Vurës
12998:Volow
12988:Olrat
12958:Löyöp
12938:Lakon
12923:Dorig
12904:North
12870:Nimoa
12854:Muyuw
12818:Anuki
12783:Gweda
12683:Iduna
12589:Mbula
12584:Maleu
12579:Amara
12574:Ronji
12463:Aigon
12443:Takia
12428:Marik
12388:Gitua
12360:Yamap
12355:Vehes
12325:Kapin
12290:Musom
12270:Duwet
12244:Yabem
12216:Wogeo
12201:Manam
12176:Kaiep
12128:Yamna
12123:Wakde
12108:Sobei
12046:North
12015:Zazao
11979:Torau
11964:Solos
11959:Simbo
11944:Ririo
11924:Nehan
11919:Nduke
11898:Laghu
11877:Hoava
11872:Halia
11862:Hahon
11812:Tolai
11772:Label
11746:Bilur
11730:Madak
11720:Barok
11713:Madak
11704:Notsi
11694:Lihir
11687:Tabar
11673:Tigak
11668:Tiang
11663:Nalik
11573:Meso–
11548:Oroha
11533:Kwaio
11477:Kahua
11472:Bauro
11462:Arosi
11424:Ghari
11419:Birao
11414:Lengo
11372:Noipx
11355:Äiwoo
11327:Teanu
11276:Tenis
11206:Nauna
11180:Manus
11058:Marau
11053:Ansus
11048:Ambai
11040:Yapen
10979:Sawai
10915:Maden
10908:Maden
10894:Maʼya
10873:Ambel
10813:SHWNG
10700:Boano
10612:Liana
10607:Salas
10586:Bobot
10576:Geser
10566:Banda
10449:Serua
10364:Babar
10314:Bilba
10290:Luang
10280:Kisar
10258:Habun
10209:Wetar
10178:Kemak
10157:Tetum
10089:Karey
10084:Dobel
10051:Sekar
9848:Kepoʼ
9833:Riung
9801:Gaura
9748:Sumba
9560:Dakka
9529:Maiwa
9467:Behoa
9366:Taman
9344:Bugis
9313:Wolio
9292:Kalao
9260:Sedoa
9250:Rampi
9230:Kaili
9190:Tajio
9175:Lauje
9170:Dondo
9159:Boano
9125:Batui
9110:Andio
9052:Busoa
9004:Padoe
8937:Sasak
8884:Osing
8820:Nasal
8783:Dairi
8765:Batak
8689:Moken
8642:Baduy
8572:Pekal
8496:Jakun
8424:Malay
8406:Remun
8350:Jarai
8345:Haroi
8295:Ribun
8275:Jagoi
8255:Laraʼ
8227:Murik
8217:Punan
8197:Segai
8187:Bahau
8182:Kayan
8163:Lelak
8152:Bukat
8142:Sajau
8050:Narom
8045:Kiput
8030:Tring
8004:Penan
7989:Tutoh
7984:Sebob
7937:Ganaʼ
7897:Tagol
7879:Papar
7761:Lotud
7669:Basap
7654:Yakan
7634:Mapun
7629:Bajaw
7596:Ngaju
7586:Siang
7581:Dohoi
7576:Kohin
7541:Deyah
7534:Bushi
7460:Klata
7359:Tboli
7354:Blaan
7346:Bilic
7294:Lolak
7155:Danao
7112:Batak
7025:Waray
7010:Sulod
6985:Onhan
6833:Bikol
6761:Buhid
6727:Iraya
6606:Karao
6596:Iwaak
6553:Itneg
6488:Yogad
6478:Isnag
6317:Bunun
6229:Basay
6176:Kulon
6170:Pazeh
6087:Rukai
5908:Anuta
5854:Māori
5739:Takuu
5681:Lauan
5569:JSTOR
5548:S2CID
5478:(PDF)
5420:(PDF)
5413:(PDF)
5037:3 May
5015:3 May
4963:Notes
4902:lulu
4848:pour
4843:riri
4840:lili
4821:rama
4818:lama
4485:here.
4291:kinei
4284:pēnei
4270:tēnei
4173:first
4140:pēnei
4122:ēnei.
4120:puka
4108:ēnei.
4047:story
3931:lātou
3856:Tepou
3834:husk-
3831:pulú,
3764:there
3742:Ēnei,
3726:lunga
3708:langi
3683:-high
3658:Ēnei,
3632:canoe
3614:carry
3536:wait-
3533:Kalia
3487:taime
3424:Luku
3420:stone
3417:watu.
3384:there
3304:kōtou
3288:lelei
3229:there
3216:īmene
3208:kōtou
3154:there
3143:knife
3117:bring
3114:Aumai
3065:ingoa
2887:ANAPH
2792:write
2745:other
2697:-move
2695:REDUP
2513:-move
2511:REDUP
2415:there
2354:kinei
2348:-work
2346:REDUP
2333:kinei
2317:Ngake
2314:Ngake
2294:ANAPH
2282:come.
2213:there
2180:wale,
2125:Ko i
2077:there
2035:kinei
2033:Nā i
2016:taime
1961:kinei
1880:kinea
1687:book-
1684:puká.
1573:point
1475:ēlā ‘
1443:canoe
1407:group
1354:youth
1351:lōpā.
1308:anger
1270:teia.
1268:teina
1259:teia.
1250:teina
1205:walk-
1172:ANAPH
1047:tenei
1019:tenei
962:tēnei
752:waka-
726:sharp
719:kokoi
679:waka-
653:wedge
591:peace
575:waka-
569:waka-
557:waka-
551:Waka-
453:, one
434:yinga
421:, new
259:Anuta
226:is a
14562:Niue
14300:Emae
14264:Rapa
14077:East
14051:West
13800:Pije
13785:Nemi
13775:Jawe
13755:Fwâi
13745:Caac
13723:Zire
13708:Tîrî
13693:Neku
13683:Arhö
13678:Arhâ
13673:Ajië
13645:Iaai
13516:Njav
13481:Unua
13471:Tape
13426:Nese
13416:Nāti
13313:Maii
13308:Lewo
13288:Baki
13230:Eton
13180:Wusi
13125:Kiai
13102:Aore
13097:Akei
13078:Sowa
13063:Apma
13037:Raga
12983:Nume
12963:Mota
12933:Koro
12778:Ubir
12758:Doga
12713:Duau
12708:Dobu
12653:Suau
12599:Tami
12569:Mato
12534:Lote
12514:Gimi
12504:Avau
12408:Mutu
12398:Lusi
12393:Kove
12320:Iwal
12315:Hote
12295:Nafi
12285:Mari
12275:Labu
12239:Kela
12211:Sepa
12191:Biem
12151:Sera
12093:Ormu
12083:Liki
12068:Anus
11969:Teop
11939:Piva
11867:Hakö
11797:Siar
11653:Kara
11626:Vitu
11621:Bali
11595:Bulu
11590:Bola
11523:Wala
11457:Saʼa
11409:Gela
11301:Amba
11124:Umar
11114:Yaur
11098:Wabo
11068:Wooi
11030:Roon
11015:Biak
10984:Gebe
10969:Maba
10964:Buli
10959:Taba
10954:Gane
10878:Biga
10847:Yoke
10766:Latu
10730:Laha
10720:Hitu
10684:Luhu
10596:Hoti
10571:Bati
10555:East
10536:Sula
10514:Buru
10502:West
10443:Nila
10438:Teun
10324:Lole
10285:Leti
10129:Ujir
10104:Lola
10099:Kola
10094:Koba
10046:Onin
9914:Sika
9888:Soʼa
9863:Ende
9796:Kodi
9738:Dhao
9733:Hawu
9725:Savu
9697:Bima
9690:Bima
9603:Lawa
9519:Duri
9472:Napu
9462:Bada
9421:Seko
9318:Wotu
9240:Moma
9185:Taje
9082:Muna
9024:Waru
8798:Toba
8788:Karo
8773:Alas
8745:Nias
8735:Gayo
8547:Musi
8542:Lubu
8532:Kubu
8517:Kaur
8486:Haji
8390:Iban
8365:Tsat
8355:Rade
8340:Chru
8250:Sara
8212:Aput
8157:Seru
8127:Ukit
8122:Sian
7644:Sama
7566:Paku
7551:Witu
7279:Buol
6453:Atta
6424:Arta
6402:Yami
6257:Amis
6214:East
6182:Thao
6105:Tsou
5928:Emae
5829:Rapa
5660:East
5634:West
5517:ISBN
5490:ISBN
5444:OCLC
5389:2020
5039:2019
5017:2019
4882:ata
4710:POSS
4698:loto
4674:(38)
4659:piá.
4650:box-
4646:piá.
4629:POSS
4617:loto
4593:(37)
4543:POSS
4531:loto
4507:(36)
4455:POSS
4443:loto
4419:(35)
4407:kiai
4400:peia
4386:teia
4367:kilā
4360:pēlā
4346:tēlā
4331:kinā
4324:pēnā
4310:tēnā
4277:ēnei
4199:last
4166:(34)
4160:peia
4144:pēnā
4112:here
4102:book
4099:puka
4082:(33)
4062:Eia,
4044:tala
4036:taku
3999:Eia,
3994:(32)
3981:Eia,
3973:lau.
3965:tana
3934:they
3926:also
3898:take
3895:Kave
3886:Eia,
3881:(31)
3861:Ēlā,
3760:Ēlā,
3755:(30)
3737:here
3734:nei.
3662:here
3653:(29)
3637:Ēnei
3629:vaka
3606:here
3602:Ēnei
3597:(28)
3581:ēnei
3572:pau.
3557:here
3553:ēnei
3547:just
3544:wua,
3529:(27)
3516:Ēnei
3511:-hot
3490:time
3462:here
3458:Ēnei
3453:(26)
3374:dive
3371:Luku
3367:(25)
3325:home
3322:Wale
3299:just
3291:good
3270:Auwā
3266:(24)
3247:hear
3219:song
3202:POSS
3173:(23)
3140:pāla
3132:taku
3110:(22)
3079:here
3068:name
3050:what
3033:(21)
2980:nei
2957:and
2947:hake
2921:and
2904:Wea
2897:koe?
2866:what
2859:(20)
2831:koe?
2809:iāna
2789:tātā
2775:(19)
2753:side
2687:(18)
2649:toku
2641:yuyū
2578:Auwē
2574:(17)
2555:here
2552:nei.
2503:(16)
2466:ake
2458:atu
2450:mai
2421:kilā
2411:kilā
2405:over
2367:(15)
2337:here
2265:(14)
2245:kiai
2239:etc.
2228:Pāpā
2209:kiai
2183:home
2140:(13)
2127:kinā
2073:kinā
2048:(12)
2019:time
1988:tele
1973:also
1965:here
1936:(11)
1930:kiai
1926:wale
1922:Kiai
1910:kiai
1896:kiai
1892:kiai
1888:kilā
1842:kapu
1837:your
1820:(10)
1802:hole
1783:POSS
1771:loto
1753:lele
1735:weke
1720:that
1659:that
1633:Ēnāi
1628:here
1625:nei.
1620:bird
1617:manu
1606:tāua
1600:POSS
1581:cook
1578:tunu
1499:toku
1494:This
1490:Ēnāi
1467:ēnāi
1449:teia
1440:vaka
1432:tona
1426:POSS
1417:here
1413:teia
1360:teia
1327:POSS
1318:this
1314:teia
1305:lili
1262:this
1241:tona
1214:tēlā
1187:that
1183:tēlā
1141:tēnā
1121:toku
1095:that
1091:tēnā
1082:koia
1023:this
986:teia
978:tēlā
970:tēnā
933:and
792:pono
688:yako
563:aka-
544:and
516:pāpa
508:pāpā
500:papā
492:papa
450:tayi
413:, go
410:wano
394:/θʲ/
384:and
257:and
249:and
78:and
62:and
13556:Ura
13491:Vao
13280:Epi
13073:Ske
12928:Hiw
12748:Are
12594:Sio
12479:Miu
12448:Wab
12350:Piu
12196:Kis
11852:Gao
11513:Lau
11482:Owa
11249:Aua
11201:Lou
11083:Pom
10831:Mor
10387:Dai
10344:Tii
10066:Aru
10031:Kei
9868:Lio
9270:Uma
8476:Col
7455:Ati
7236:Obo
7084:Ata
6894:Asi
6250:Ami
5540:doi
5509:doi
5482:doi
4981:at
4747:ia.
4735:ia.
4729:box
4726:pia
4720:ART
4692:LOC
4682:TAM
4639:ART
4611:LOC
4601:TAM
4562:box
4559:pia
4553:ART
4525:LOC
4515:TAM
4491:nei
4480:nei
4474:box
4471:pia
4465:ART
4437:LOC
4427:TAM
4393:eia
4353:ēlā
4341:-V
4317:ēnā
4263:nei
4190:PRO
4116:*Te
4093:ART
4086:*Te
4052:ia.
4030:PRO
4020:DIR
4016:atu
4008:pau
3976:men
3968:his
3960:and
3952:Uyo
3949:Uyo
3943:ART
3923:oki
3917:INT
3907:INT
3903:loe
3875:eia
3847:PRD
3825:ART
3815:CIA
3801:TAM
3783:ART
3773:TOP
3711:sky
3702:ART
3692:PRO
3671:TAM
3623:ART
3611:iki
3566:TAM
3538:CIA
3499:TAM
3481:ART
3471:INT
3467:loa
3411:ART
3392:you
3389:koe
3316:LOC
3307:you
3296:wua
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