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Psychonautics

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and the UK Institute of Psychosomanautics defines psychonautics as "the means to study and explore consciousness (including the unconscious) and altered states of consciousness; it rests on the realization that to study consciousness is to transform it." He associates it with a long tradition of
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by research sources. Psychonautics as a means of exploration need not involve drugs, and may take place in a religious context with an established history. Cohen considers psychonautics closer in association to wisdom traditions and other transpersonal and integral movements.
423:) The ayahuasca ingredient, harmine, was once known as telepathine because of this group-facilitated activity of singing icaros and the shared perception it cultivates. A shaman who is one of the Ayahuascero people is expected to memorize as many icaros as they can. 726:, a pair of books which contain fictionalized autobiographies and detailed notes on over 230 psychoactive compounds. Some present-day psychonauts refer to themselves as "Shulginists" to denote a belief in the principles they identify in Shulgins' work. 139:
substances in order to gain deeper insights and spiritual experiences. Self-experimentation of psychedelics in groups may foster innovation of alternative medication treatment. A person who uses altered states for such exploration is known as a
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Schifano, Fabrizio; Leoni, Mauro; Martinotti, Giovanni; Rawaf, Salman; Rovetto, Francesco (August 2003). "Importance of Cyberspace for the Assessment of the Drug Abuse Market: Preliminary Results from the Psychonaut 2002 Project".
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have psychonautic elements insofar as they explore human and drug-induced experiences. They may be considered precursors to psychonautic literature, but they are not psychonautic works in their own right.
1529: 192:(literally: "Approaches: Drugs and Inebriation"). In this essay, Jünger draws many parallels between drug experience and physical exploration—for example, the danger of encountering hidden "reefs." 260:, and a psychonaut as one who "seeks to investigate their mind using intentionally induced altered states of consciousness" for spiritual, scientific, or research purposes. 1557: 162:, which began appearing in North American works in the late 1950s. The first reference that corresponds to contemporary usages of the term was in the 1965 edition of the 953: 97:, and to a research cabal in which the researcher voluntarily immerses themselves into an altered mental state in order to explore the accompanying experiences. 630:, which recounts his experience after taking 400mg of mescaline. The American physician, neuroscientist, psychoanalyst, philosopher, writer and inventor 1246: 282:
as a psychonaut, stating that "Tibetan lamas could be called psychonauts, since they journey across the frontiers of death into the in-between realm."
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historical cultures worldwide. Leeds Beckett University offers a module in Psychonautics and may be the only university in the UK to do so.
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These may be used in combination; for example, traditions such as shamanism may combine ritual, fasting, and hallucinogenic substances.
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Clinical psychiatrist Jan Dirk Blom describes psychonautics as denoting "the exploration of the psyche by means of techniques such as
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sing to induce pictorial representations, rich tapestries of colors and patterns that are visually seen by the listener. (See:
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The aims and methods of psychonautics, when state-altering substances are involved, is commonly distinguished from
86: 45: 1507: 899: 101: 1261: 1000:"Collective self-experimentation in patient-led research: How online health communities foster innovation" 999: 85:'sailor, navigator') refers both to a methodology for describing and explaining the subjective effects of 31: 415:, which are the songs (i.e. something verbal that is ordinarily perceived as an auditory sensation) the 671: 669:. Leary is known for controversial talks and research on the subject; he wrote several books including 361: 336:) has been used for healing and religious divination in the Andes Mountains region for over 3000 years. 17: 1671: 1621: 1294: 1257: 530: 264: 27:
Methodology for describing and explaining the subjective effects of altered states of consciousness
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A Psychonaut's Guide to the Invisible Landscape: The Topography of the Psychedelic Experience
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Newcombe, Russell (2008). "Ketamine Case Study: The Phenomenology of a Ketamine Experience".
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Disruption of psychological and physiological processes required for usual mental states -
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is an author well-known for accounts of his experimentation with psychedelic drugs.
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Buddhist scriptures as literature: sacred rhetoric and the uses of theory
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has also been described as a psychonaut for several of his works such as
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and, amongst other techniques, he used isolation tanks in his research.
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Two iconic psychonautical researchers and advocates of the 20th century.
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The term's first published use in a scholarly context is attributed to
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The term has been applied diversely, to cover all activities by which
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in which the person retains a degree of volition and awareness, and
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was a well-known psychonaut. Lilly was interested in the nature of
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Darwin's Pharmacy: Sex, Plants, and the Evolution of the Noösphere
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psychology, and studies into existing and emerging drugs within
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from a perspective of addiction, the drug abuse market and
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describes ideas related to psychonautics - in reference to
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Another influential figure is the psychologist and writer
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can also be used to induce altered state of consciousness
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in the experimental exploration of consciousness and of
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and other drugs, it is also studied in the context of
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and other devices that change neural activity in the
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the title of a 1982 book on the experimental use of
710:Among the most influential figures are undoubtedly 1443: 1420: 1418: 849: 30:"Psychonaut" redirects here. For other uses, see 1628: 998:Kempner, Joanna; Bailey, John (1 October 2019). 675:. Another widely known name is that of American 1415: 149: 1207:UK Institute of Psychonautics and Somanautics 997: 459:and of obtaining suitable focus and intention 302:and due to its modern close association with 1351:Bigwood, Jeremy; Stafford, Peter J. (1992). 947: 945: 620:One of the best known psychonautic works is 540: 298:However, there is considerable overlap with 1357:. Berkeley, CA: Ronin Pub. pp. 118–9. 49:, a Chinese book of alchemy and meditation. 1096:. (1982) (published in one volume in 1987) 931: 1452: 942: 1527: 1477: 1203: 1201: 951: 892: 890: 858: 325: 135:, and archaic/modern drug users who use 38: 1086: 1056:The Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature 938:(Thesis). National Institute of Siddha. 235: 14: 1629: 1052: 904:. State University of New York Press. 897: 1555: 1505: 1424: 1399: 1198: 887: 659:The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch 594:Confessions of an English Opium-Eater 1377: 1170: 1059:. Thoemmes Continuum. p. 1312. 821: 1582: 1221:"Academy for Transpersonal Studies" 1118: 108:purposes or the exploration of the 24: 1429:. University of Washington Press. 1044: 526:cranial electrotherapy stimulation 25: 1683: 1605: 1528:Richards, Chris (31 March 2014). 1478:Jordison, Sam (26 January 2012). 285: 263:Psychologist Dr. Elliot Cohen of 1556:Harms, Shane (28 October 2014). 1087:Carroll, Peter J. (April 1987). 570: 555: 1576: 1549: 1521: 1499: 1471: 1393: 1371: 1344: 1308: 1279: 1239: 1047:Annaherungen: Drogen und Rausch 1016:10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112366 861:Addiction Research & Theory 190:Annäherungen: Drogen und Rausch 87:altered states of consciousness 46:The Secret of the Golden Flower 1318:CyberPsychology & Behavior 1174:A Dictionary of Hallucinations 1137:10.1080/02791072.2001.10400574 1112: 1080: 1038: 991: 925: 825:A Dictionary of Hallucinations 13: 1: 1400:Dunne, Carey (30 July 2013). 1125:Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 1004:Social Science & Medicine 786: 104:are induced and utilized for 89:, including those induced by 1517:. Vol. 5. pp. 1–9. 1515:Psychiatric Research Reports 1053:Taylor; et al. (2005). 935:Biography of the 18 Siddhars 932:R. N. Hema (December 2019). 158:derives from the prior term 150:Etymology and categorization 80: 67: 7: 729: 32:Psychonaut (disambiguation) 10: 1688: 1583:Doc, Zee (14 April 2018). 1425:Doyle, Richard M. (2011). 1330:10.1089/109493103322278790 672:The Psychedelic Experience 544: 321: 166:journal. A 1968 magazine, 74: 61: 29: 1354:Psychedelics encyclopedia 1260:. 2017–18. Archived from 1177:. Springer. p. 434. 970:10.1080/15563650701284894 873:10.1080/16066350801983707 828:. Springer. p. 434. 541:Works and notable figures 271:American Buddhist writer 72:'soul, spirit, mind' and 1295:Leeds Beckett University 1258:Leeds Beckett University 1254:Leeds Beckett University 1214:10 November 2010 at the 1045:Jünger. "Psychonauten". 531:Guided Imagery and Music 265:Leeds Beckett University 95:mind-altering substances 1585:"What is a Shulginist?" 1506:Lilly, John C. (1956). 1453:Carpenter, Dan (2006). 1171:Blom, Jan Dirk (2009). 822:Blom, Jan Dirk (2009). 683:, lecturer, and author 627:The Doors of Perception 1119:Ott, Jonathan (2001). 898:Flores, Ralph (2008). 756:Psychedelic experience 718:who together authored 547:Psychedelic literature 337: 330:The San Pedro cactus ( 50: 1457:. Park Street Press. 510:brainwave entrainment 489:inducing dance, like 448:holotropic breathwork 376:psychedelics such as 329: 292:recreational drug use 246:brainwave entrainment 42: 1617:The Vaults of Erowid 1378:Herzberg, Nicholas. 1227:on 23 September 2010 954:"New Drugs of Abuse" 766:Self-experimentation 761:Responsible drug use 358:psilocybin mushrooms 236:Definition and usage 1564:on 24 February 2015 1535:The Washington Post 958:Clinical Toxicology 436:sensory deprivation 333:Echinopsis pachanoi 250:sensory deprivation 164:Group Psychotherapy 133:sensory deprivation 602:The Hasheesh Eater 440:oxygen deprivation 338: 174:as a psychonaut. 131:of Ancient India, 51: 43:Illustration from 1464:978-1-59477-090-6 1436:978-0-295-99095-8 1364:978-0-914171-51-5 1184:978-1-4419-1222-0 1105:978-0-87728-639-4 1066:978-1-84371-138-4 952:van Riel (2007). 911:978-0-7914-7339-9 835:978-1-4419-1222-0 736:Astral projection 712:Alexander Shulgin 598:Thomas De Quincey 428:sleep deprivation 387:Tabernanthe iboga 348:, and especially 252:, and the use of 216:psychic phenomena 16:(Redirected from 1679: 1672:Human activities 1600: 1599: 1597: 1595: 1580: 1574: 1573: 1571: 1569: 1560:. 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Index

Psychonaut
Psychonaut (disambiguation)

The Secret of the Golden Flower
Ancient Greek
altered states of consciousness
meditation
mind-altering substances
altered states
spiritual
human condition
shamanism
lamas
Tibetan
Buddhist
Siddhars
sensory deprivation
entheogenic
psychonaut
Timothy Leary
German
Ernst Jünger
Arthur Heffter
Peter J. Carroll
meditation
ritual
drugs
psychic phenomena
chaos magic
ethnobotanist

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