Profumo affair - Knowledge

592:, who had been advised by Hollis of Profumo's involvement with Ward's group. Brook warned the minister of the dangers of being entangled with Ward since MI5 were at this stage unsure of his dependability. It is possible that Brook asked Profumo to help MI5 in its efforts to secure Ivanov's defection—a request which Profumo declined. Although Brook did not indicate knowledge of the relationship with Keeler, Profumo may have suspected that he knew. That same day, Profumo wrote Keeler a letter, beginning "Darling ...", cancelling an assignation they had made for the following day. Some commentators have assumed that this letter ended the association; Keeler insisted that the affair ended later, after her persistent refusals to stop living with Ward. 751:, although at this stage her whereabouts were unknown. Her unexplained absence caused a press sensation. Every newspaper knew the rumours linking Keeler with Profumo, but refrained from reporting any direct connection; in the wake of the Radcliffe inquiry they were, in Wigg's later words, "willing to wound but afraid to strike". They could only hint, by front-page juxtapositions of stories and photographs, that Profumo might be connected to Keeler's disappearance. Despite Keeler's absence the judge proceeded with the case; Edgecombe was found guilty on a lesser charge of possessing a firearm with intent to endanger life, and sentenced to seven years' imprisonment. A few days after the trial, on 21 March, the satirical magazine 298: 1293: 606: 503:. On the Saturday evening, Ward's and Astor's parties mingled at the Cliveden swimming pool, which Ward and his guests had permission to use. Keeler, who had been swimming naked, was introduced to Profumo while trying to cover herself with a skimpy towel. She was, Profumo informed his son many years later, "a very pretty girl and very sweet". Keeler did not initially know who Profumo was, but was impressed that he was the husband of a famous film star and was prepared to have "a bit of fun" with him. 821:

question. In the early hours of 22 March Profumo and his lawyers met with ministers and together agreed on an appropriate wording. Later that morning Profumo made his statement to a crowded House. He acknowledged friendships with Keeler and Ward, the former of whom, he said, he had last seen in December 1961. He had met "a Mr Ivanov" twice, also in 1961. He stated: "There was no impropriety whatsoever in my acquaintanceship with Miss Keeler", and added: "I shall not hesitate to issue writs for

484: 1184: 1104:'s case related to Keeler and Rice-Davies, and turned on whether the small contributions to household expenses or loan repayments they had given to Ward while living with him amounted to his living off their prostitution. Ward's approximate income at the time, from his practice and from his portraiture, had been around £5,500 a year, a substantial sum at that time. In his speeches and examination of witnesses, the prosecuting counsel 1112:, was equally hostile, drawing particular attention to the fact that none of Ward's supposed society friends had been prepared to speak up for him. Towards the end of the trial, news came that Gordon's conviction for assault had been overturned; Marshall did not disclose to the jury that Gordon's witnesses had turned up and testified that Keeler, a key prosecution witness against Ward, had given false evidence at Gordon's trial. 625:, a Jamaican jazz singer with a history of violence and petty crime. Gordon and Keeler embarked on an affair which, in her own accounts, was marked by equal measures of violence and tenderness on his part. Gordon became very possessive, jealous of Keeler's other social contacts. He began confronting her friends and often telephoned her at unsocial hours. In November Keeler left Wimpole Mews and moved to a flat in 22: 533:

unromantic relationship without expectations, a "screw of convenience", although she also states that Profumo hoped for a longer-term commitment and that he offered to set her up in a flat. More than twenty years later, Profumo described Keeler in conversation with his son as someone who "seem to like sexual intercourse", but who was "completely uneducated", with no conversation beyond make-up, hair and

1215:

alone from the mid-1990s until her death. Most of the considerable amount of money that she made from newspaper stories was dissipated by legal fees; during the 1970s, she said, "I was not living, I was surviving". Keeler published several inconsistent accounts of her life, in which Ward has been variously represented as a "gentleman", her truest love, a Soviet spy, and a traitor ranking alongside the

507:

greatly attracted to Keeler, and promised to be in touch with her. Ward asked Ivanov to accompany Keeler back to London where, according to Keeler, they had sex. Some commentators doubt this—Keeler was generally outspoken about her sexual relationships yet said nothing openly about sex with Ivanov until she informed a newspaper eighteen months later.

851:. She expressed astonishment at the fuss her absence had caused, adding that her friendship with Profumo and his wife was entirely innocent and that she had many friends in important positions. Keeler claimed that she had not deliberately missed the Edgecombe trial but had been confused about the date. She was required to forfeit her 1139:"indiscretion", but no one could doubt his loyalty. Denning also found no evidence to link members of the government with associated scandals such as the "man in the mask". He laid most of the blame for the affair on Ward, an "utterly immoral" man whose diplomatic activities were "misconceived and misdirected". Although 915:, to ask that the police inquiry into his affairs be halted. He added that he had been covering for Profumo, whose Commons statement was substantially false. Bligh took notes but failed to take action. On 19 May Ward wrote to Brooke, with essentially the same request as that to Bligh, only to be told that the 542:"Darling, ... Alas something's blown up tomorrow night and I can't therefore make it ... I leave the next day for various trips and then a holiday so won't be able to see you again until some time in September. Blast it. Please take great care of yourself and don't run away. Love J" 1214:

at Gordon's June trial, and she was sentenced to nine months' imprisonment, of which she served six months. After two brief marriages in 1965–66 to James Levermore and in 1971–72 to Anthony Platt that produced a child each, the elder of whom was largely raised by Keeler's mother, Keeler largely lived

1053:

After the parliamentary debate, newspapers published further sensational stories, hinting at widespread immorality within Britain's governing class. A story emanating from Rice-Davies concerned a naked masked man, who acted as a waiter at sex parties; rumours suggested that he was a cabinet minister,

532:

A few days after the Cliveden weekend, Profumo contacted Keeler. The affair that ensued was brief; some commentators have suggested that it ended after a few weeks, while others believe that it continued, with decreasing fervour, until December 1961. The relationship was characterised by Keeler as an

1222:

Rice-Davies enjoyed a more successful post-scandal career as a nightclub owner, businesswoman, minor actress and novelist. She was married three times, in what she described as her "slow descent into respectability". Of adverse press publicity she observed: "Like royalty, I simply do not complain".

1018:

defined Macmillan's position as "an intolerable dilemma from which he can only escape by being proved either ludicrously naïve or incompetent or deceitful—or all three". Meanwhile, the press speculated about possible Cabinet resignations, and several ministers felt it necessary to demonstrate their

939:

for a short holiday. At their hotel, they received a message asking Profumo to return as soon as possible. Believing that his bluff had been called, Profumo then told his wife the truth, and they decided to return immediately. They found that Macmillan was on holiday in Scotland. On Tuesday 4 June,

919:

to interfere with the police inquiry. Ward then gave details to the press, but no paper would print the story. He also wrote to Wilson, who showed the letter to Macmillan. Although privately disdainful of Wilson's motives, after discussions with Hollis, the prime minister was sufficiently concerned

880:

his telephone—this last action requiring direct authorisation from Brooke. Among those who gave statements was Keeler, who contradicted her earlier assurances and confirmed her sexual relationship with Profumo, providing corroborative details of the interior of the Chester Terrace house. The police

506:

The next afternoon the two parties reconvened at the pool and were joined by Ivanov, who had arrived that morning. There followed what Lord Denning described as "a light-hearted and frolicsome bathing party, where everyone was in bathing costumes and nothing indecent took place at all". Profumo was

1164:

the Conservative Party was narrowly defeated, and Wilson became prime minister. A later commentator opined that the Profumo affair had destroyed the old, aristocratic Conservative Party: "It wouldn't be too much to say that the Profumo scandal was the necessary prelude to the new Toryism, based on

1143:

considered that the report marked the end of the affair, many commentators were disappointed with its content. Young found many questions unanswered and some of the reasoning defective, while Davenport-Hines, writing long after the event, condemns the report as disgraceful, slipshod and prurient.

1036:

In the debate, Wilson concentrated almost exclusively on the extent to which Macmillan and his colleagues had been dilatory in not identifying a clear security risk arising from Profumo's association with Ward and his circle. Macmillan responded that he should not be held culpable for believing a

1275:

Keeler describes a 1993 meeting with Ivanov in Moscow; she also records that he died the following year, aged 68. Astor was deeply upset at finding himself under police investigation, and by the social ostracism that followed the Ward trial. After his death in 1966, Cliveden House which had been

1049:

of Dr Ward". Most Conservatives, whatever their reservations, were supportive of Macmillan, with only Birch suggesting that he should consider retirement. In the subsequent vote on the government's handling of the affair, 27 Conservatives abstained, reducing the government's majority to 69. Most

965:

Gordon's trial for the attack on Keeler began on the day Profumo's resignation was made public. He maintained that his innocence would be established by two witnesses who, the police told the court, could not be found. On 7 June, principally on the evidence of Keeler, Gordon was found guilty and

840:

While the matter was officially considered closed, many individual MPs had doubts, although none openly expressed disbelief at this stage. Wigg later said that he left the House that morning "with black rage in my heart because I knew what the facts were. I knew the truth." Most newspapers were

1232:

located his former contact "Woods". Although Denning always asserted that Ward's trial and conviction were fair and proper, most commentators believe that it was deeply flawed—an "historical injustice" according to Davenport-Hines, who argues that the trial was an act of political revenge. One

910:

On 18 April 1963 Keeler was attacked at the home of a friend. She accused Gordon, who was arrested and held. According to Knightley and Kennedy's account, the police offered to drop the charges if Gordon would testify against Ward, but he refused. The effects of the police inquiry were proving

820:

At the conclusion of the debate, the government's law officers and Chief Whip agreed that Profumo should assert his innocence in a personal statement to the House. Such statements are, by long-standing tradition, made on the particular honour of the member and are accepted by the House without

735:

Keeler then gave details of her affair with Profumo to a police officer, who did not pass on this information to MI5 or the legal authorities. By this time, many of Profumo's political colleagues had heard rumours of his entanglement, and of the existence of a potentially incriminating letter.

695:

On 22 January 1963 the Soviet government, sensing a possible scandal, recalled Ivanov. Aware of increasing public interest, Keeler attempted to sell her story to the national newspapers. The Radcliffe tribunal's ongoing inquiry into press behaviour during the Vassall case was making newspapers

675:

and other offences. In brief press accounts, Keeler was described as "a free-lance model" and "Miss Marilyn Davies" as "an actress". In the wake of the incident, Keeler began to talk indiscreetly about Ward, Profumo, Ivanov and the Edgecombe shooting. Among those to whom she told her story was

1271:

newspaper published a preview of a forthcoming history of Soviet intelligence activities, by Jonathan Haslam. This book suggests that the relationship between Ivanov and Profumo was closer than the latter admitted, alleging that Ivanov visited Profumo's home and that such was the slackness of

1179:

suggested that the scandal had effected a fundamental and permanent change in relations between politicians and press. Davenport-Hines posits a longer-term consequence of the affair—the gradual ending of traditional notions of deference: "Authority, however disinterested, well-qualified and

1138:

Lord Denning's report was awaited with great anticipation by the public. Published on 26 September 1963, it concluded that there had been no security leaks in the Profumo affair and that the security services and government ministers had acted appropriately. Profumo had been guilty of an

670:

On the afternoon of 14 December 1962, Keeler and Rice-Davies were together at Ward's house at 17 Wimpole Mews when Edgecombe arrived, demanding to see Keeler. When he was not allowed in, he fired several shots at the front door. Shortly afterwards, Edgecombe was arrested and charged with

1537:

operative" who asserted that Ward had been murdered by an agent working on behalf of MI6. The main motive for the killing was, supposedly, Ward's continuing ability to embarrass the government and the Royal Family. There is no direct evidence to support this story. The reporter

353:, a fellow Murray's dancer two and a half years her junior. The two girls left Murray's and attempted without success to pursue careers as freelance models. Keeler also lived for short periods with various boyfriends, but regularly returned to Ward, who had acquired a house in 990:

I myself feel that the time will come very soon when my right hon. Friend ought to make way for a much younger colleague. I feel that that ought to happen ... perhaps some of the words of Browning might be appropriate in his poem on "The Lost Leader", in which he wrote:

1037:

colleague who had repeatedly asserted his innocence. He mentioned the false allegations against Galbraith, and the failure of the security services to share their detailed information with him. In the general debate the sexual aspects of the scandal were fully discussed;

667:, just west of London. Edgecombe became similarly possessive himself after he and Gordon clashed violently on 27 October 1962, when Edgecombe slashed his rival's face with a knife. Keeler broke up with Edgecombe shortly afterwards because of his domineering behaviour. 123:, assisted by a senior civil servant, T. A. Critchley, concluded that there had been no breaches of security arising from the Ivanov connection. Denning's report was later described as superficial and unsatisfactory. Profumo subsequently worked as a volunteer at 1203:. Profumo continued his association with the settlement for the remainder of his life, at first in a menial capacity, then as administrator, fund-raiser, council member, chairman and finally president. Profumo's charitable work was recognised when he was appointed a 510:

On 12 July 1961, Ward reported on the weekend's events to MI5. He told Woods that Ivanov and Profumo had met and that the latter had shown considerable interest in Keeler. Ward also stated that he had been asked by Ivanov for information about the future arming of

1413:

The two imprisoned reporters, Brendan Mulholland and Reg Foster, were initially hailed as martyrs and heroes, defending the high moral principle of press freedom. Davenport-Hines states "they did not want to admit they were liars who had invented their stories".

1045:, referred to Keeler as a "professional prostitute" and asked rhetorically: "What are whores about?" Keeler was otherwise branded a "tart" and a "poor little slut". Ward was vilified throughout as a likely Soviet agent; one Conservative referred to "the 1207:(CBE) in 1975. He was later described by Thatcher as a national hero and was a guest at her 80th birthday celebrations in 2005. His marriage to Valerie Hobson lasted until her death on 13 November 1998, aged 81; Profumo died, aged 91, on 9 March 2006. 131:

charitable trust. By 1975 he had been officially rehabilitated, although he did not return to public life. He died, honoured and respected, in 2006. By contrast, Keeler found it difficult to escape the negative image attached to her by press, law, and

103:

and socialite who had taken her under his wing. The exposure of the affair generated rumours of other sex scandals and drew official attention to the activities of Ward, who was charged with a series of immorality offences. Perceiving himself as a

277:, one of Britain's leading film actresses, Profumo may have conducted casual affairs, using late-night parliamentary sittings as his cover. His tenure as war minister coincided with a period of transition in the armed forces, involving the end of 389:, London, where he rapidly established a good reputation and attracted many distinguished patients. These connections, together with his personal charm, brought him considerable social success. In his spare time, Ward attended art classes at the 658:

slipped..." Keeler was then in New York City with Rice-Davies, in an abortive attempt to launch their modelling careers there. On her return to London in September 1962, to counter Gordon's threats, Keeler met and formed a relationship with

345:. Captivated by Ward's charm, she agreed to move into his flat, in a relationship she has described as "like brother and sister"—affectionate but not sexual. Keeler left Ward after a few months to become the mistress of the property dealer 723:

alerted Ward and Astor—whose names had been mentioned by Keeler—and they in turn informed Profumo. When Profumo's lawyers tried to persuade Keeler not to publish, the compensation she demanded was so large that they considered charges of

580:

20 as a gift for her mother. Keeler maintains that although Ward asked her to obtain information from Profumo about the deployment of nuclear weapons, she did not do so. Profumo was equally adamant that no such discussions took place.

515:

with nuclear weapons. This request for military information did not greatly disturb MI5, who expected a GRU officer to ask such questions. Profumo's interest in Keeler was an unwelcome complication in MI5's plans to use her in a

1397:" which takes place in early July 1963, American office-manager Joan mentions the Prime Minister of England having a thing for prostitutes. She is corrected by Englishman John Hooker that it was the Secretary of State for War. 1241:

has campaigned for the case to be reopened on several grounds, including the premature scheduling of the trial, lack of evidence to support the main charges, and various misdirections by the trial judge in his summing-up. The

944:

in order to give up his House of Commons seat. Bligh informed Macmillan of these events by telephone. The resignation was announced on 5 June, when the formal exchange of letters between Profumo and Macmillan was published.

1070:, where the Crown's evidence was fully reported in the press. Ward was committed for trial on charges of "living off the earnings of prostitution" and "procuration of girl under twenty-one", and released on bail. 1432:

Although the general consensus among commentators is that the affair was certainly over by December 1961, at least one person claims to have seen Profumo and Keeler in bed together as late as the summer of 1962.

1121:

on the charges relating to Keeler and Rice-Davies, and acquitted on the other counts. Sentence was postponed until Ward was fit to appear, but on 3 August he died without regaining consciousness. On 9 August, a

498:

at Cliveden. That same weekend, at the main house, Profumo and his wife Valerie were among the large gathering from the worlds of politics and the arts which Astor was hosting in honour of Pakistani President

3097: 1551:

Large queues had formed at the government's Stationery Office bookshop before the shop opened at 12:30 am on 26 September 1963. In the first hour, 4,000 copies were sold, and 100,000 in the first few days.

1489:

Hailsham's performance was generally condemned by opponents and colleagues. In the subsequent Commons debate he was described by Wigg as "a lying humbug" (Davenport-Hines wrongly ascribes this comment to

1151:

in October 1963 he fell ill; his condition was less serious than he imagined and his life was not in danger but, convinced he had cancer, he resigned abruptly. Macmillan's successor as prime minister was

1093:, under a banner heading "Prince Philip and the Profumo Scandal", dismissed what it termed the "foul rumour" that the prince had been involved in the affair, without disclosing the nature of the rumour. 1191:

After expressing his "deep remorse" to the prime minister, to his constituents and to the Conservative Party, Profumo disappeared from public view. In April 1964 he began working as a volunteer at the

847:, under the headline "Mr Profumo clears the air", stated openly that the statement should be taken at its face value. Within a few days press attention was distracted by the re-emergence of Keeler in 136:

throughout the scandal. In various, sometimes contradictory, accounts, she challenged Denning's conclusions relating to security issues. Ward's conviction has been described by analysts as an act of

3519: 316:

in 1942, left school at age 15 with no qualifications and took a series of short-lived jobs in shops, offices and cafés. She aspired to be a model, and at age 16 had a photograph published in

1100:

on 28 July. He was charged with living off the earnings of Keeler, Rice-Davies and two other prostitutes, and with procuring women under 21 to have sex with other persons. The thrust of the

801:

to categorically deny the truth of rumours connecting "a minister" to Keeler, Rice-Davies and the Edgecombe shooting. He did not name Profumo, who was not in the House. Later in the debate

687:

whom she had met by chance in a night club. Lewis, a long-standing enemy of Ward, passed the information to Wigg, his one-time parliamentary colleague, who began his own investigation.

1147:

After the Denning Report, in defiance of general expectations that he would resign shortly, Macmillan announced his intention to stay on. On the eve of the Conservative Party's annual

1533:, Summers and Dorril add a postscript that provides extra details of Ward's last hours, his movements and his visitors. The postscript includes details of an interview with "a former 872:, where he endorsed Profumo's version and dismissed all rumours and insinuations as "baseless". Ward's own activities had become a matter of official concern, and on 1 April 1963 the 767:

The trouble is I am 21 ... I have lived in the West End of London and frequently been to parties with well-known people present. Presumably if I had been 52 and a housewife from

1115:

After listening to Marshall's damning summing-up, on the evening of 30 July Ward took an overdose of sleeping tablets and was taken to hospital. On the next day, he was found guilty

3467: 447:. Ward and Ivanov became firm friends. Ivanov frequently visited Ward at Wimpole Mews, where he met Keeler and Rice-Davies, and sometimes joined Ward's weekend parties at Cliveden. 757:

printed the most detailed summary so far of the rumours, with the main characters lightly disguised: "Mr James Montesi", "Miss Gaye Funloving", "Dr Spook" and "Vladimir Bolokhov".

185:. Vassall was subsequently sentenced to eighteen years in prison. After suggestions in the press that Vassall had been shielded by his political masters, the responsible minister, 3500: 740:, although with some private scepticism. Macmillan, mindful of the injustice done to Galbraith on the basis of rumours, was determined to support his minister and took no action. 1377:

s critic recommended the production as "sharp, funny – and, at times, genuinely touching". Robertson records that the script is "remarkably faithful to the facts". In his song, "

1385:

refers to the scandal with the line "British politician sex". Scottish folk musician Al Stewart also refers to the scandal in his song "Post World War II Blues" on the album

1033:, "had to be seen to be believed". Hailsham said that "a great party is not to be brought down because of a squalid affair between a woman of easy virtue and a proven liar". 3627: 633:, where she entertained friends. When Gordon continued to harass Keeler he was arrested by the police and charged with assault. Keeler later agreed to drop the charge. 68:

in 1963; weeks later, a police investigation proved that he had lied. The scandal severely damaged the credibility of Macmillan's government, and Macmillan resigned as

1089:

had begun an inquiry, in parallel with Denning's, into "homosexual practices as well as sexual laxity" among civil servants, military officers and MPs. On 24 June the

893:

against the British distributors of an Italian magazine that had printed a story hinting at his guilt. He donated the proceeds to an army charity. This did not deter

3088: 1520:

Muggeridge wrote: "The Upper Classes have always been given to lying, fornication, corrupt practices and, doubtless as a result of the public school system, sodomy".

3650: 3671:

Joan: We could hire some prostitutes. I know your Prime Minister enjoys their company. Hooker: Secretary of War. And you'd do best not to bring that up tomorrow.

1280:

and later a luxury hotel. Rachman, who had first come to public notice as a sometime-boyfriend of both Keeler and Rice-Davies, was revealed as an unscrupulous

2755: 636:

In July 1962 the first inklings of a possible Profumo-Keeler-Ivanov triangle had been hinted at, in coded terms, in the gossip column of the society magazine

4493: 3586: 1423:

Rachman later transferred his attentions to Mandy Rice-Davies, who lived in his Bryanston Mews flat for more than a year, until his death in November 1962.

365:, a long-time patient who was also a political ally of Profumo. She often spent weekends at a riverside cottage that Ward rented on Astor's country estate, 3527: 1829: 1635: 1511:, in a speech that was generally sympathetic to Keeler and "the many other women like her", and condemned the "Pharisaical denunciations" of other members. 517: 4498: 2448: 2420: 2380: 732:

that Keeler's story was largely false and threatened to sue if it was printed, whereupon the paper withdrew its offer, although Keeler kept the £200.

1332:

in October 1997, was Macmillan's reactions to Profumo's resignation letter, which he received while on holiday in Scotland. The pilot episode of the

925: 1542:, one of the last to see Ward alive, dismisses the murder theory, while allowing that there are unexplained circumstances relating to Ward's death. 1219:. Keeler also claimed that Profumo impregnated her and that she subsequently underwent a painful abortion. Keeler died on 4 December 2017, aged 75. 817:, refused to comment, adding that Wigg and Castle should "seek other means of making these insinuations if they are prepared to substantiate them". 889:

for a driving licence offence and held there for eight days until she agreed to testify against Ward. Meanwhile, Profumo was awarded costs and £50

642:. Under the heading, "Sentences I'd like to hear the end of" appeared the wording: "... called in MI5 because every time the chauffeur-driven 3289: 1480:, begins: "The contents of your letter of June 4 have been communicated to me...", indicated that Profumo's letter was read to him over the phone. 3164: 876:

began to investigate his affairs. They interviewed 140 of Ward's friends, associates and patients, maintained a 24-hour watch on his home, and

259: 83:

When the Profumo affair was revealed, public interest was heightened by reports that Keeler may have been simultaneously involved with Captain

2485: 4427: 4248: 1508: 1024: 794: 789:

on the Profumo rumours. On 21 March, with the press furore over the "missing witness" at its height, the party changed its stance. During a

4432: 1042: 3459: 4225: 1491: 281:

and the development of a wholly professional army. Profumo's performance was watched with a critical eye by his opposition counterpart

552:

The couple usually met at Wimpole Mews, when Ward was absent, although once, when Hobson was away, Profumo took Keeler to his home at

4488: 4483: 4299: 1067: 941: 470:'s September 1963 report, Ivanov often asked Ward questions about British foreign policy, and Ward did his best to provide answers. 4473: 4039: 569: 223:

minister or MP ... who gets involved in a scandal during the next year or so must expect—I regret to say—the full treatment".

4326: 1284:; the word "Rachmanism" entered English dictionaries as the standard term for landlords who exploit or intimidate their tenants. 194: 4321: 3618: 940:

Profumo confessed the truth to Bligh, confirming that he had lied, resigned from the government, and applied for the office of

806: 790: 335:. This long-established club attracted a distinguished clientèle of whom, Keeler wrote, they "could look but could not touch". 243: 202: 201:

and uncorroborated stories about Vassall's private life. The imprisonment severely damaged relations between the press and the

65: 3936: 3914: 3803: 3745: 684: 1066:, to investigate and report on the growing range of rumours. Ward's committal proceedings began a week later, at Marylebone 4331: 4253: 1394: 1161: 903: 814: 255: 77: 69: 4478: 4447: 3775: 3658: 1251: 585: 239: 145: 112:

during the final stages of his trial, which found him guilty of living off the immoral earnings of Keeler and her friend

1265:. When this account was challenged by Profumo's lawyers, the publishers removed the offending material. In August 2015 589: 1320:

as Ward. It was favourably reviewed, but the revival of interest in the affair upset the Profumo family. The focus of

1050:

newspapers considered the extent of the defection significant, and several forecast that Macmillan would soon resign.

161:

In the early 1960s, the British news media were dominated by several high-profile spying stories: the breaking of the

4468: 4112: 4006: 3958: 3895: 3869: 3847: 3825: 3767: 3719: 3700: 565: 500: 362: 3594: 1272:

security arrangements that he was able to photograph sensitive documents left lying about in the minister's study.

1243: 966:

sentenced to three years' imprisonment. The following day, Ward was arrested and charged with immorality offences.

834: 810: 454:

and sought Ward's help to this end, providing him with a case officer known as "Woods". Ward was later used by the

235: 141: 133: 297: 4361: 4341: 4191: 3968: 1443: 677: 414:

Ward hoped to visit the Soviet Union to draw portraits of Russian leaders. To help him, one of his patients, the

4218: 2784: 829:

if scandalous allegations are made or repeated outside the House." That afternoon, Profumo was photographed at

339: 37: 1237:

judge said privately that he would have stopped the trial before it reached the jury. The human rights lawyer

4163: 3755: 1348: 467: 270: 120: 520:

against Ivanov, to help secure his defection. Woods therefore referred the issue to MI5's director-general,

4032: 1109: 973:

published "The Confessions of Christine", an account which helped to fashion the public image of Ward as a

916: 385:

in 1912, qualified as an osteopath in the United States. After the Second World War he began practising in

72:

in October 1963, citing ill health. The fallout contributed to the Conservative government's defeat by the

1467:, but Profumo was advised by his lawyers not to sue, since the circulation of the sheet was insignificant. 1378: 1204: 395: 3280: 1062:

wrote of "The Slow, Sure Death of the Upper Classes". On 21 June Macmillan instructed Lord Denning, the

736:

Nevertheless, his denials were accepted by the government's principal law officers and the Conservative

4139: 4117: 4010: 911:

ruinous to Ward, whose practice was collapsing rapidly. On 7 May he met Macmillan's private secretary,

573: 266: 174: 45: 399:

to provide a series of portraits of national and international figures. These included members of the

4211: 247: 4316: 1362: 390: 324: 4346: 4336: 4025: 3729: 1038: 830: 220: 53: 3989: 4275: 4155: 1298: 1257:

After his recall in January 1963, Ivanov disappeared for several decades. In 1992 his memoirs,

1247: 1012:

In advance of the House of Commons debate on Profumo's resignation, due 17 June, David Watt in

4419: 1459:

On 4 March a fairly explicit summary of the allegations surrounding Profumo was published by

1338: 1234: 1105: 951:

called Profumo's lies "a great tragedy for the probity of public life in Britain"; while the

210: 466:

in October 1962. Ward's closeness to Ivanov raised concerns about his loyalty; according to

4442: 4396: 4077: 1027:, holder of several ministerial offices, denounced Profumo in a manner which, according to 957:

hinted that not all the truth had been told and referred to "skeletons in many cupboards".

576:. During their time together, Profumo gave Keeler a few small presents, and once, a sum of 463: 462:, through Ivanov, to the Soviet Union, and was involved in unofficial diplomacy during the 425: 400: 393:, and developed a profitable sideline in portrait sketches. In 1960 he was commissioned by 84: 1250:, reviewed Ward's case starting in early 2014, but in 2017 decided not to refer it to the 605: 262:. From 1951 he held junior ministerial office in successive Conservative administrations. 8: 4287: 4203: 4147: 1357: 1308: 1277: 1063: 873: 57: 568:

and took Keeler for a drive around London, and another time the couple had a drink with

189:, resigned from the government pending inquiries. Galbraith was later exonerated by the 4380: 4170: 3924: 3734: 3501:"The real Profumo scandal: Book claims Russian spy 'photographed top secret documents'" 2942: 2819: 1629: 1238: 1200: 1055: 886: 882: 459: 444: 1108:

portrayed Ward as representing "the very depths of lechery and depravity". The judge,

609:

Wimpole Mews. No. 17 is the flat-roofed, brick-faced house, just visible on the right.

4281: 4092: 3954: 3932: 3910: 3891: 3884: 3865: 3843: 3821: 3813: 3799: 3763: 3741: 3715: 3696: 3383:

Pelling, Rowan (2 October 2013). "Mandy's wise words for those caught in flagrante".

1170: 1153: 1123: 1117: 1081: 704: 681: 408: 350: 162: 137: 113: 92: 73: 785:, was initially advised by his colleagues to have nothing to do with Wigg's private 715:

s offer of a £200 down payment and a further £800 when the story was published. The

494:

During the weekend of 8–9 July 1961, Keeler was among several guests of Ward at the

490:

in Buckinghamshire, the scene of the swimming-pool party at which Profumo met Keeler

4437: 4351: 4269: 4234: 4107: 4097: 4082: 4067: 3791: 1834: 1640: 1333: 1228: 1148: 672: 660: 638: 557: 386: 338:

Shortly after starting at Murray's, Keeler was introduced to a client, the society

309: 251: 206: 190: 61: 49: 1853: 1659: 1130:

poisoning, though some biographers consider the possibility that he was murdered.

495: 429: 197:

sent two newspaper journalists to prison for refusing to reveal their sources for

88: 3946: 3879: 3443:

Quinn, Ben (18 January 2014). "Rice-Davies challenges minister on Profumo case".

1447: 1367: 1306:

There have been several dramatised versions of the Profumo affair. The 1989 film

1292: 1267: 974: 921: 748: 553: 416: 370: 3857: 1838: 1644: 1442:

A year later, at the height of the scandal, this visit was investigated by the

1329: 1321: 1216: 802: 798: 655: 626: 577: 455: 440: 274: 198: 1823: 617:, then a run-down district of London replete with West Indian music clubs and 4462: 4388: 4102: 3835: 1175: 1086: 1014: 912: 898: 782: 747:'s key witnesses, was missing. She had, without informing the court, gone to 698: 404: 382: 346: 215: 186: 148:. Dramatisations of the Profumo affair have been shown on stage and screen. 4293: 4087: 4072: 4062: 3862:

Great Parliamentary Scandals: Four Centuries of Calumny, Smear and Innuendo

3520:"Profumo Affair 'caused real damage' to British security, claims historian" 1476:

Macmillan's reply to Profumo's departure, sent from his holiday address in

1353: 1313: 1196: 1192: 1029: 953: 852: 843: 622: 614: 521: 512: 437: 354: 342: 286: 278: 231: 182: 170: 166: 124: 96: 41: 25: 1342:

makes reference to the scandal and uses similar elements in its plot. The

1180:

experienced, was increasingly greeted with suspicion rather than trust".

4414: 4122: 1539: 1477: 1460: 1254:

after failing to find the original transcript of the judge's summing-up.

1166: 1127: 1101: 877: 786: 753: 663:, an ex-merchant seaman from Antigua, with whom she lived for a while in 421: 328: 282: 128: 2609: 3688: 1504: 1382: 1097: 1075: 737: 534: 358: 483: 292: 95:

risk. Keeler knew both Profumo and Ivanov through her friendship with

3929:

Stephen Ward Was Innocent OK: The Case for Overturning his Conviction

1317: 947: 744: 725: 664: 178: 105: 100: 3990:

Lord Denning's Inquiry into the Profumo Affair: Typed Copy of Report

3818:

An Affair of State: The Profumo Case and the Framing of Stephen Ward

1183: 3089:"The Profumo Affair: 'It was decided that Stephen Ward had to die'" 1281: 1276:

gifted to the National Trust in 1942 became first the UK campus of

768: 618: 487: 451: 366: 317: 313: 302: 64:

beginning in 1961. Profumo denied the affair in a statement to the

4017: 2760: 2490: 2453: 2425: 2385: 1390: 1211: 1157: 1046: 932: 890: 826: 630: 561: 109: 3460:"Case of Profumo affair's 'pimp' will not go to court of appeal" 936: 848: 708:. As the latter would not join an auction, Keeler accepted the 301:

Spring Cottage, Stephen Ward's rented riverside cottage on the

21: 3651:"Recap / Mad Men S3 E6 "Guy Walks Into an Advertising Agency"" 234:

was born in 1915 and was of Italian descent. He first entered

3736:

An English Affair: Sex, Class and Power in the Age of Profumo

2945:(23 June 1963). "The Slow, Sure Death of the Upper Classes". 822: 809:, referred to the "missing witness" and hinted at a possible 696:

nervous, and only two showed interest in Keeler's story: the

323:. In August 1959, Keeler found work as a topless showgirl at 250:, and combined his political and military duties through the 1370:

on 3 December 2013. Among generally favourable reviews, the

868:

Shortly after Profumo's Commons statement, Ward appeared on

2610:"Why the Profumo affair made the perfect political scandal" 332: 4233: 144:

reviewed his case but decided against referring it to the

1534: 1343: 1226:

Ward's role on behalf of MI5 was confirmed in 1982, when

1020: 869: 781:

The newly elected leader of the opposition Labour Party,

643: 433: 1446:, in connection with rumours that Keeler had slept with 719:

retained a copy of the "Darling" letter. Meanwhile, the

547:

From Profumo's "Darling" letter to Keeler, 9 August 1961

743:

Edgecombe's trial began on 14 March but Keeler, one of

140:

revenge, rather than serving justice. In the 2010s the

3693:

The Tories: Conservatives and the Nation State 1922–27

443:

that Ivanov was an intelligence officer in the Soviet

305:

estate, one of the key locations in the Profumo affair

119:

An inquiry into the Profumo affair by a senior judge,

3782:

Irving, Clive; Hall, Ron; Wallington, Jeremy (1963).

2764:. Hansard online. 17 June 1963. pp. cols. 34–176 2429:. Hansard online. 21 March 1963. pp. col. 737–40 2389:. Hansard online. 21 March 1963. pp. col. 723–25 1599:

Davenport-Hines, p. 241, quoting Paul Johnson in the

1210:

In December 1963 Keeler pleaded guilty to committing

881:

put pressure on reluctant witnesses; Rice-Davies was

3781: 3886:

Inside Story: A Documentary of the Pursuit of Power

969:On 9 June, freed from Profumo's libel threats, the 897:from including "Sextus Profano" in their parody of 855:of £40, but no other action was taken against her. 584:On 9 August, Profumo was interviewed informally by 361:. There she met many of Ward's friends, among them 293:

Christine Keeler, Mandy Rice-Davies, and Lord Astor

3883: 3733: 3617: 3279: 3087: 2494:. Hansard online. 22 March 1963. pp. col. 809 2457:. Hansard online. 22 March 1963. pp. col. 758 1822: 1628: 1356:which was broadcast in the UK at the end of 2019. 1296:Keeler (aged 46) discussing the Profumo affair on 1199:which supports the most deprived residents in the 999:Forced praise on our part—the glimmer of twilight, 376: 2822:(16 June 1963). "Lord Hailsham Hits His Wicket". 931:On 31 May 1963 at the start of the parliamentary 4460: 3812: 2097:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 89; Keeler, pp. 126–27 863: 776:Christine Keeler, press interview 25 March 1963. 3728: 2727: 2725: 2320: 2318: 1246:, which has the power to investigate suspected 1223:Rice-Davies died on 18 December 2014, aged 70. 1195:settlement, a charitable organisation based in 2937: 2935: 2556: 2554: 2269: 2267: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1992: 928:, to inquire into possible security breaches. 4428:1960 University of Oxford Chancellor election 4219: 4033: 3945: 2673: 2671: 432:at the Soviet Embassy. British Intelligence ( 4494:Political sex scandals in the United Kingdom 4007:"Christine Keeler Photograph: A Modern Icon" 4004: 3987: 2722: 2406: 2404: 2315: 2281: 2279: 1833:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 1639:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 1205:Companion of the Order of the British Empire 1160:and served as Sir Alec Douglas-Home. In the 771:there would have been none of this trouble. 3973:The Profumo Affair: Aspects of Conservatism 3840:The Pendulum Years: Britain and the Sixties 2932: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2551: 2264: 1989: 1820: 1784: 1782: 1780: 1503:The "poor little slut" comment was made by 1007:Nigel Birch, House of Commons, 17 June 1963 920:about Ward's general activities to ask the 613:In October 1961 Keeler accompanied Ward to 169:in the same year and, in 1962, the case of 4226: 4212: 4040: 4026: 2941: 2818: 2668: 1054:or possibly a member of the Royal Family. 997:There would be doubt, hesitation and pain. 621:dealers. At the Rio Café they encountered 4433:1963 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours 4300:Edward Cavendish, 10th Duke of Devonshire 3923: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3118:Denning, p. v and Davenport-Hines, p. 329 2880: 2878: 2401: 2276: 3907:Bringing the House Down: A Family Memoir 3584: 3274: 3272: 2743: 2634: 2632: 2357: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2239: 2237: 2235: 2180: 2178: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2021: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1777: 1291: 1182: 604: 482: 296: 20: 3904: 3878: 3760:The Denning Report (the Profumo Affair) 3754: 3615: 3382: 3085: 2604: 2602: 2039: 2037: 1830:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 1636:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 1622: 1620: 1618: 600: 265:In 1960, Macmillan promoted Profumo to 165:in 1961, the capture and sentencing of 156: 4461: 4235:Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton 3856: 3790: 3774:Originally published as Cmnd. 2152 by 3709: 3585:De Jongh, Nicholas (17 October 1997). 3470:from the original on 8 September 2017. 3228: 2875: 2332: 2330: 2145: 1169:, which would eventually emerge under 985:) printed Profumo's "Darling" letter. 977:and probable tool of the Soviets. The 478: 428:(anglicised as "Eugene"), listed as a 424:, arranged an introduction to Captain 4499:Soviet Union–United Kingdom relations 4207: 4021: 3967: 3834: 3695:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 3687: 3630:from the original on 12 January 2022. 3616:Spencer, Charles (24 December 2013). 3517: 3457: 3442: 3269: 2756:"Security (Mr Profumo's Resignation)" 2629: 2348: 2232: 2175: 2018: 1809: 1630:"Profumo, John Dennis [Jack]" 1287: 1079:, the press pursued related stories. 1001:Never glad confident morning again!" 935:recess, Profumo and his wife flew to 760: 690: 595: 4332:1959 United Kingdom general election 3992:(Report). Kew: The National Archives 3909:. London: John Murray (Publishers). 3511: 3498: 3292:from the original on 12 January 2022 3100:from the original on 12 January 2022 2782: 2599: 2034: 1615: 1395:Guy Walks Into An Advertising Agency 1019:loyalty to the prime minister. In a 904:Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire 3975:. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin Books. 3566:Davenport-Hines, pp. 148 and 316–17 3557:Davenport-Hines, pp. 284 and 305–06 2469: 2327: 2106:Summers and Dorril, pp. 153 and 171 13: 4047: 3890:. London: Sidgwich & Jackson. 1905:Summers and Dorril, pp. 24 and 123 1626: 1529:In the 1989 edition of their book 450:MI5 considered Ivanov a potential 258:but was elected again in 1950 for 14: 4510: 3981: 3518:Sawer, Patrick (15 August 2015). 3239:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 257–58 3086:Tweedie, Neil (2 December 1913). 3058:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 243–47 2647:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 177–78 2626:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 170–71 2569:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 166–67 2324:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 149–50 2172:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 206–07 2163:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 103–04 2124:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 100–01 1923:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 105–12 1126:ruled Ward's death as suicide by 349:, and later shared lodgings with 108:for the misdeeds of others, Ward 4489:Espionage scandals and incidents 4484:Conservative Party (UK) scandals 4448:St Giles' Church, Horsted Keynes 3643: 3634: 3609: 3578: 3569: 3560: 3551: 3542: 3492: 3483: 3474: 3458:Quinn, Ruth (8 September 2017). 3451: 3436: 3427: 3418: 3409: 3400: 3391: 3376: 3367: 3358: 3349: 3340: 3331: 3322: 3313: 3304: 3260: 3251: 3242: 3219: 3210: 3201: 3192: 3183: 3157: 3148: 3139: 3130: 3121: 3112: 3079: 3070: 3061: 3052: 3043: 3034: 3025: 3016: 3007: 2998: 2989: 2980: 2971: 2962: 2953: 2923: 2914: 2905: 2896: 2887: 2866: 2857: 2848: 2839: 2830: 2812: 2803: 2776: 2734: 2713: 2704: 2695: 2680: 2659: 2006:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 86–89 1941:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 84–85 1878:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 68–69 1869:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 61–66 1747:Davenport-Hines, pp. 148 and 286 1738:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 58–59 1693:Knightley and Kennedy, pp. 93–94 1545: 1523: 1514: 1497: 1483: 1470: 1244:Criminal Cases Review Commission 942:steward of the Chiltern Hundreds 841:editorially non-committal; only 560:. On one occasion he borrowed a 273:. After his marriage in 1954 to 142:Criminal Cases Review Commission 4474:1963 in international relations 4362:Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 3931:. London: Biteback Publishing. 3776:Her Majesty's Stationery Office 2761:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 2650: 2641: 2620: 2590: 2581: 2572: 2563: 2542: 2533: 2524: 2515: 2506: 2491:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 2478: 2454:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 2441: 2426:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 2413: 2386:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 2373: 2364: 2339: 2306: 2297: 2288: 2255: 2246: 2223: 2214: 2205: 2196: 2187: 2166: 2157: 2136: 2127: 2118: 2109: 2100: 2091: 2082: 2073: 2064: 2055: 2046: 2009: 1980: 1971: 1962: 1953: 1944: 1935: 1926: 1917: 1908: 1899: 1890: 1881: 1872: 1863: 1800: 1791: 1768: 1759: 1750: 1741: 1732: 1723: 1714: 1705: 1696: 1687: 1453: 1436: 1426: 1417: 995:"Let him never come back to us! 564:from his ministerial colleague 377:Stephen Ward and Yevgeny Ivanov 254:. Profumo lost his seat in the 226: 16:1960s British political scandal 4327:US–UK Mutual Defence Agreement 3499:Keys, David (14 August 2015). 3171:. 26 September 1963. p. 3 3076:Summers and Dorril, pp. 316–23 1678: 1669: 1606: 1593: 1584: 1575: 1566: 1407: 960: 91:, thereby creating a possible 1: 4164:The Trial of Christine Keeler 3406:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 253 3337:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 256 3328:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 252 3067:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 247 3040:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 243 2902:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 196 2884:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 195 2229:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 128 2211:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 121 2193:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 117 2142:Summers and Dorril, pp. 69–70 2133:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 102 1559: 1349:The Trial of Christine Keeler 1162:October 1964 general election 864:Investigation and resignation 654:door into a chauffeur-driven 151: 3816:; Kennedy, Caroline (1987). 3049:Robertson, pp. 92–95 and 101 2783:Watt, David (13 June 1963). 2449:"Journalists (Imprisonment)" 2421:"Journalists (Imprisonment)" 2381:"Journalists (Imprisonment)" 1887:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 74 1854:UK public library membership 1765:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 80 1711:Knightley and Kennedy, p. 56 1660:UK public library membership 1346:commissioned a 6-part drama 1133: 629:, overlooking the Thames at 269:, a senior post outside the 7: 4192:Well he would, wouldn't he? 3740:. London: William Collins. 3216:Davenport-Hines, pp. 333–34 3198:Davenport-Hines, pp. 329–30 2929:Davenport-Hines, pp. 306–08 2665:Davenport-Hines, pp. 290–91 2638:Davenport-Hines, pp. 287–89 2361:Davenport-Hines, pp. 276–77 2303:Davenport-Hines, pp. 268–69 2294:Davenport-Hines, pp. 264–67 2243:Davenport-Hines, pp. 262–63 2031:Davenport-Hines, pp. 250–53 1986:Davenport-Hines, pp. 248–49 1797:Davenport-Hines, pp. 100–01 917:Home Secretary had no power 870:Independent Television News 858: 396:The Illustrated London News 60:with the 19-year-old model 10: 4515: 4479:1963 in the United Kingdom 4140:The Christine Keeler Story 4011:Victoria and Albert Museum 3949:; Dorril, Stephen (1989). 3680: 3480:Summers and Dorril, p. 279 3346:Summers and Dorril, p. 310 2977:Summers and Dorril, p. 281 2691:. 6 June 1963. p. 13. 2151:Young, p. 9, quoting from 2052:Summers and Dorril, p. 139 1821:Davenport-Hines, Richard. 1096:Ward's trial began at the 1041:, the Conservative MP for 574:Secretary of State for Air 473: 267:Secretary of State for War 46:Secretary of State for War 4407: 4372: 4309: 4262: 4241: 4183: 4131: 4055: 3953:. London: Coronet Books. 3842:. London: Jonathan Cape. 3820:. London: Jonathan Cape. 3762:. London: Pimlico Books. 3714:. London: Quartet Books. 3587:"A Letter Of Resignation" 3397:Quoted in Profumo, p. 204 1729:Summers and Dorril, p. 88 1389:. On the television show 527: 248:Northamptonshire Yeomanry 4469:1963 in British politics 4342:Night of the Long Knives 4317:1945 Bromley by-election 3864:. London: Robson Books. 3730:Davenport-Hines, Richard 3281:"Obituary: John Profumo" 2911:Irving et al, pp. 175–76 2687:"A Shocking Admission". 2677:Irving et al, pp. 137–38 1465:Westminster Confidential 1400: 1379:We Didn't Start the Fire 40:during the early 1960s. 3905:Profumo, David (2006). 3710:Cooper, Pamela (1993). 3415:Davenport-Hines, p. 332 3373:Keeler, pp. 123 and 134 3257:Davenport-Hines, p. 345 3225:Davenport-Hines, p. 336 3165:"The End of the Affair" 3031:Davenport-Hines, p. 324 3004:Davenport-Hines, p. 344 2986:Davenport-Hines, p. 311 2845:Davenport-Hines, p. 301 2410:Irving et al, pp 100–01 2370:Davenport-Hines, p. 271 2220:Irving et al, pp. 76–78 2184:Davenport-Hines, p. 258 1932:Irving et al, pp. 47–48 1859:(subscription required) 1665:(subscription required) 1612:Davenport-Hines, p. 240 1393:, Season 3, Episode 6 " 1326:A Letter of Resignation 1248:miscarriages of justice 1073:With the Ward case now 831:Sandown Park Racecourse 795:parliamentary privilege 623:Aloysius "Lucky" Gordon 246:while serving with the 203:Conservative government 36:was a major scandal in 4276:Lady Dorothy Macmillan 3798:. London: John Blake. 3619:"Stephen Ward, review" 2785:"The Price of Profumo" 1839:10.1093/ref:odnb/40839 1824:"Ward, Stephen Thomas" 1684:Davenport-Hines, p. 66 1675:Davenport-Hines, p. 59 1645:10.1093/ref:odnb/97107 1328:, first staged at the 1303: 1188: 1004: 833:in the company of the 813:. The Home Secretary, 773: 610: 544: 491: 381:Stephen Ward, born in 306: 29: 4337:Wind of Change speech 4005:Lewis Morley (1963). 3988:Lord Denning (1963). 3433:Robertson, pp. 125–57 3154:Denning, pp. 7 and 17 1702:Irving et al, pp. 6–7 1295: 1261:, were serialised in 1186: 1106:Mervyn Griffith-Jones 1023:interview on 13 June 988: 811:perversion of justice 765: 608: 540: 486: 325:Murray's Cabaret Club 300: 256:1945 general election 110:took a fatal overdose 78:1964 general election 24: 4443:Macmillan Publishers 4322:Macmillan government 3786:. London: Heinemann. 3591:The Evening Standard 3266:Irving et al, p. 139 3022:Robertson, pp. 80–81 2968:Robertson, pp. 55–64 2731:Robertson, pp. 52–55 2710:Irving et al, p. 148 2560:Robertson, pp. 44–45 2548:Irving et al, p. 110 2512:Irving et al, p. 109 2486:"Personal statement" 2273:Robertson, pp. 34–35 2202:Robertson, pp. 29–30 1896:Robertson, pp. 20–21 1507:, the Labour MP for 1156:, who renounced his 805:, the Labour MP for 728:. Ward informed the 601:Gordon and Edgecombe 518:honey trap operation 464:Cuban Missile Crisis 193:, after which judge 157:Government and press 4288:Lady Caroline Faber 4113:William, Lord Astor 3925:Robertson, Geoffrey 3712:Cloud of Forgetting 3624:The Daily Telegraph 3575:Profumo, pp. 274–75 3524:The Daily Telegraph 3489:Profumo, pp. 282–83 3385:The Daily Telegraph 3286:The Daily Telegraph 3145:Denning, pp. 107–10 3094:The Daily Telegraph 2943:Muggeridge, Malcolm 2820:Richardson, Maurice 2345:Irving et al, p. 90 2043:Profumo, pp. 165–66 1950:Profumo, pp. 157–58 1774:Irving et al, p. 13 1756:Irving et al, p. 35 1387:Past Present Future 1366:opened at London's 1358:Andrew Lloyd Webber 1278:Stanford University 1110:Sir Archie Marshall 1064:Master of the Rolls 874:Metropolitan Police 479:Cliveden, July 1961 181:into spying by the 177:clerk who had been 58:extramarital affair 56:government, had an 3814:Knightley, Phillip 3548:Keeler, pp. 278–79 3013:Irving, pp. 193–94 2578:Parris, pp. 164–65 2261:Denning, pp. 21–23 2061:Keeler, pp. 127–28 1968:Denning, pp. 11–12 1959:Keeler, pp. 110–11 1463:in his newsletter 1304: 1288:In popular culture 1239:Geoffrey Robertson 1201:East End of London 1189: 1068:magistrates' court 1056:Malcolm Muggeridge 793:debate, Wigg used 761:Personal statement 691:Mounting pressures 611: 596:Developing scandal 492: 307: 205:of Prime Minister 44:, the 46-year-old 30: 4456: 4455: 4282:Maurice Macmillan 4201: 4200: 4118:Tom, Lord Denning 4093:Mandy Rice-Davies 3938:978-1-84954-690-4 3916:978-0-7195-6609-7 3805:978-1-84358-755-2 3792:Keeler, Christine 3747:978-0-00-743585-2 3661:on 10 August 2024 3640:Robertson, p. 168 3530:on 15 August 2015 3355:Keeler, pp. 73–80 3288:. 11 March 2006. 3207:Clark, pp. 324–25 1914:Robertson, p. 166 1852:(Subscription or 1658:(Subscription or 1448:President Kennedy 1171:Margaret Thatcher 971:News of the World 721:News of the World 705:News of the World 650:door, out of her 590:Cabinet Secretary 409:Princess Margaret 351:Mandy Rice-Davies 260:Stratford-on-Avon 163:Portland spy ring 114:Mandy Rice-Davies 93:national security 4506: 4438:Earl of Stockton 4347:Beeching reports 4302:(brother-in-law) 4270:Daniel MacMillan 4249:Stockton-on-Tees 4228: 4221: 4214: 4205: 4204: 4167:(2019 TV series) 4108:Harold Macmillan 4098:Mariella Novotny 4083:Johnny Edgecombe 4068:Christine Keeler 4042: 4035: 4028: 4019: 4018: 4014: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3976: 3964: 3947:Summers, Anthony 3942: 3920: 3901: 3889: 3880:Pincher, Chapman 3875: 3853: 3831: 3809: 3796:Secrets and Lies 3787: 3773: 3751: 3739: 3725: 3706: 3674: 3673: 3668: 3666: 3657:. Archived from 3647: 3641: 3638: 3632: 3631: 3621: 3613: 3607: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3593:. Archived from 3582: 3576: 3573: 3567: 3564: 3558: 3555: 3549: 3546: 3540: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3526:. Archived from 3515: 3509: 3508: 3496: 3490: 3487: 3481: 3478: 3472: 3471: 3455: 3449: 3448: 3440: 3434: 3431: 3425: 3422: 3416: 3413: 3407: 3404: 3398: 3395: 3389: 3388: 3380: 3374: 3371: 3365: 3362: 3356: 3353: 3347: 3344: 3338: 3335: 3329: 3326: 3320: 3317: 3311: 3308: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3297: 3283: 3276: 3267: 3264: 3258: 3255: 3249: 3246: 3240: 3237: 3226: 3223: 3217: 3214: 3208: 3205: 3199: 3196: 3190: 3187: 3181: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3161: 3155: 3152: 3146: 3143: 3137: 3134: 3128: 3125: 3119: 3116: 3110: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3091: 3083: 3077: 3074: 3068: 3065: 3059: 3056: 3050: 3047: 3041: 3038: 3032: 3029: 3023: 3020: 3014: 3011: 3005: 3002: 2996: 2993: 2987: 2984: 2978: 2975: 2969: 2966: 2960: 2957: 2951: 2950: 2939: 2930: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2912: 2909: 2903: 2900: 2894: 2893:Young, pp. 61–62 2891: 2885: 2882: 2873: 2872:Young, pp. 50–52 2870: 2864: 2863:Young, pp. 42–46 2861: 2855: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2828: 2827: 2816: 2810: 2809:Young, pp. 32–33 2807: 2801: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2752: 2741: 2740:Young, pp. 28–29 2738: 2732: 2729: 2720: 2717: 2711: 2708: 2702: 2701:Young, pp. 25–26 2699: 2693: 2692: 2684: 2678: 2675: 2666: 2663: 2657: 2656:Robertson, p. 46 2654: 2648: 2645: 2639: 2636: 2627: 2624: 2618: 2617: 2616:. 16 March 2006. 2606: 2597: 2594: 2588: 2585: 2579: 2576: 2570: 2567: 2561: 2558: 2549: 2546: 2540: 2539:Young, pp. 20–21 2537: 2531: 2528: 2522: 2521:Young, pp. 18–19 2519: 2513: 2510: 2504: 2503: 2501: 2499: 2482: 2476: 2473: 2467: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2417: 2411: 2408: 2399: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2377: 2371: 2368: 2362: 2359: 2346: 2343: 2337: 2336:Young, pp. 14–15 2334: 2325: 2322: 2313: 2310: 2304: 2301: 2295: 2292: 2286: 2283: 2274: 2271: 2262: 2259: 2253: 2250: 2244: 2241: 2230: 2227: 2221: 2218: 2212: 2209: 2203: 2200: 2194: 2191: 2185: 2182: 2173: 2170: 2164: 2161: 2155: 2149: 2143: 2140: 2134: 2131: 2125: 2122: 2116: 2115:Robertson, p. 27 2113: 2107: 2104: 2098: 2095: 2089: 2086: 2080: 2077: 2071: 2068: 2062: 2059: 2053: 2050: 2044: 2041: 2032: 2029: 2016: 2015:Robertson, p. 25 2013: 2007: 2004: 1987: 1984: 1978: 1975: 1969: 1966: 1960: 1957: 1951: 1948: 1942: 1939: 1933: 1930: 1924: 1921: 1915: 1912: 1906: 1903: 1897: 1894: 1888: 1885: 1879: 1876: 1870: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1857: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1826: 1818: 1807: 1806:Robertson, p. 20 1804: 1798: 1795: 1789: 1786: 1775: 1772: 1766: 1763: 1757: 1754: 1748: 1745: 1739: 1736: 1730: 1727: 1721: 1718: 1712: 1709: 1703: 1700: 1694: 1691: 1685: 1682: 1676: 1673: 1667: 1666: 1663: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1632: 1624: 1613: 1610: 1604: 1597: 1591: 1588: 1582: 1581:Levin, pp. 59–60 1579: 1573: 1570: 1553: 1549: 1543: 1527: 1521: 1518: 1512: 1509:Paddington North 1501: 1495: 1487: 1481: 1474: 1468: 1457: 1451: 1440: 1434: 1430: 1424: 1421: 1415: 1411: 1376: 1263:The Sunday Times 1229:The Sunday Times 1008: 983:Sunday Pictorial 791:House of Commons 777: 714: 699:Sunday Pictorial 673:attempted murder 661:Johnny Edgecombe 586:Sir Norman Brook 548: 522:Sir Roger Hollis 436:) knew from the 387:Cavendish Square 310:Christine Keeler 252:Second World War 207:Harold Macmillan 191:Vassall Tribunal 187:Thomas Galbraith 66:House of Commons 62:Christine Keeler 50:Harold Macmillan 38:British politics 4514: 4513: 4509: 4508: 4507: 4505: 4504: 4503: 4459: 4458: 4457: 4452: 4403: 4368: 4305: 4258: 4237: 4232: 4202: 4197: 4179: 4127: 4051: 4046: 3995: 3993: 3984: 3979: 3961: 3939: 3917: 3898: 3872: 3858:Parris, Matthew 3850: 3828: 3806: 3770: 3748: 3722: 3703: 3683: 3678: 3677: 3664: 3662: 3649: 3648: 3644: 3639: 3635: 3614: 3610: 3600: 3598: 3597:on 4 April 2015 3583: 3579: 3574: 3570: 3565: 3561: 3556: 3552: 3547: 3543: 3533: 3531: 3516: 3512: 3505:The Independent 3497: 3493: 3488: 3484: 3479: 3475: 3456: 3452: 3441: 3437: 3432: 3428: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3410: 3405: 3401: 3396: 3392: 3381: 3377: 3372: 3368: 3364:Profumo, p. 204 3363: 3359: 3354: 3350: 3345: 3341: 3336: 3332: 3327: 3323: 3319:Profumo, p. 286 3318: 3314: 3309: 3305: 3295: 3293: 3278: 3277: 3270: 3265: 3261: 3256: 3252: 3247: 3243: 3238: 3229: 3224: 3220: 3215: 3211: 3206: 3202: 3197: 3193: 3188: 3184: 3174: 3172: 3163: 3162: 3158: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3140: 3135: 3131: 3126: 3122: 3117: 3113: 3103: 3101: 3084: 3080: 3075: 3071: 3066: 3062: 3057: 3053: 3048: 3044: 3039: 3035: 3030: 3026: 3021: 3017: 3012: 3008: 3003: 2999: 2994: 2990: 2985: 2981: 2976: 2972: 2967: 2963: 2958: 2954: 2940: 2933: 2928: 2924: 2919: 2915: 2910: 2906: 2901: 2897: 2892: 2888: 2883: 2876: 2871: 2867: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2849: 2844: 2840: 2835: 2831: 2817: 2813: 2808: 2804: 2794: 2792: 2781: 2777: 2767: 2765: 2754: 2753: 2744: 2739: 2735: 2730: 2723: 2718: 2714: 2709: 2705: 2700: 2696: 2686: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2669: 2664: 2660: 2655: 2651: 2646: 2642: 2637: 2630: 2625: 2621: 2608: 2607: 2600: 2596:Profumo, p. 186 2595: 2591: 2586: 2582: 2577: 2573: 2568: 2564: 2559: 2552: 2547: 2543: 2538: 2534: 2529: 2525: 2520: 2516: 2511: 2507: 2497: 2495: 2484: 2483: 2479: 2474: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2447: 2446: 2442: 2432: 2430: 2419: 2418: 2414: 2409: 2402: 2392: 2390: 2379: 2378: 2374: 2369: 2365: 2360: 2349: 2344: 2340: 2335: 2328: 2323: 2316: 2311: 2307: 2302: 2298: 2293: 2289: 2284: 2277: 2272: 2265: 2260: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2242: 2233: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2215: 2210: 2206: 2201: 2197: 2192: 2188: 2183: 2176: 2171: 2167: 2162: 2158: 2150: 2146: 2141: 2137: 2132: 2128: 2123: 2119: 2114: 2110: 2105: 2101: 2096: 2092: 2088:Profumo, p. 164 2087: 2083: 2078: 2074: 2070:Profumo, p. 163 2069: 2065: 2060: 2056: 2051: 2047: 2042: 2035: 2030: 2019: 2014: 2010: 2005: 1990: 1985: 1981: 1977:Profumo, p. 161 1976: 1972: 1967: 1963: 1958: 1954: 1949: 1945: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1927: 1922: 1918: 1913: 1909: 1904: 1900: 1895: 1891: 1886: 1882: 1877: 1873: 1868: 1864: 1858: 1851: 1843: 1841: 1819: 1810: 1805: 1801: 1796: 1792: 1787: 1778: 1773: 1769: 1764: 1760: 1755: 1751: 1746: 1742: 1737: 1733: 1728: 1724: 1719: 1715: 1710: 1706: 1701: 1697: 1692: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1674: 1670: 1664: 1657: 1649: 1647: 1627:Heffer, Simon. 1625: 1616: 1611: 1607: 1603:, 22 March 1963 1598: 1594: 1589: 1585: 1580: 1576: 1571: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1556: 1550: 1546: 1528: 1524: 1519: 1515: 1502: 1498: 1488: 1484: 1475: 1471: 1458: 1454: 1441: 1437: 1431: 1427: 1422: 1418: 1412: 1408: 1403: 1374: 1372:Daily Telegraph 1368:Aldwych Theatre 1316:as Profumo and 1290: 1268:The Independent 1252:Court of Appeal 1136: 1043:West Flintshire 1010: 1006: 1003: 1000: 998: 996: 975:sexual predator 963: 922:Lord Chancellor 887:Holloway Prison 866: 861: 779: 775: 763: 712: 693: 646:drew up at her 603: 598: 554:Chester Terrace 550: 546: 530: 481: 476: 422:Sir Colin Coote 417:Daily Telegraph 379: 371:Buckinghamshire 295: 287:regular soldier 238:in 1940 as the 229: 173:, a homosexual 159: 154: 146:Court of Appeal 17: 12: 11: 5: 4512: 4502: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4454: 4453: 4451: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4421:The Middle Way 4417: 4411: 4409: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4401: 4393: 4385: 4384:(1958 cartoon) 4376: 4374: 4370: 4369: 4367: 4366: 4365: 4364: 4359: 4357:Profumo affair 4354: 4352:Vassall affair 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4319: 4313: 4311: 4307: 4306: 4304: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4285: 4279: 4273: 4266: 4264: 4260: 4259: 4257: 4256: 4251: 4245: 4243: 4242:Constituencies 4239: 4238: 4231: 4230: 4223: 4216: 4208: 4199: 4198: 4196: 4195: 4187: 4185: 4181: 4180: 4178: 4177: 4168: 4160: 4159:(2013 musical) 4152: 4144: 4135: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4126: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4078:Yevgeny Ivanov 4075: 4070: 4065: 4059: 4057: 4056:Notable people 4053: 4052: 4049:Profumo affair 4045: 4044: 4037: 4030: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4002: 3983: 3982:External links 3980: 3978: 3977: 3969:Young, Wayland 3965: 3959: 3943: 3937: 3921: 3915: 3902: 3896: 3876: 3870: 3854: 3848: 3836:Levin, Bernard 3832: 3826: 3810: 3804: 3788: 3779: 3768: 3752: 3746: 3726: 3720: 3707: 3701: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3675: 3642: 3633: 3608: 3577: 3568: 3559: 3550: 3541: 3510: 3491: 3482: 3473: 3450: 3435: 3426: 3417: 3408: 3399: 3390: 3375: 3366: 3357: 3348: 3339: 3330: 3321: 3312: 3310:Parris, p. 177 3303: 3268: 3259: 3250: 3248:Cooper, p. 310 3241: 3227: 3218: 3209: 3200: 3191: 3182: 3156: 3147: 3138: 3129: 3127:Denning, p. 96 3120: 3111: 3078: 3069: 3060: 3051: 3042: 3033: 3024: 3015: 3006: 2997: 2995:Parris, p. 169 2988: 2979: 2970: 2961: 2952: 2931: 2922: 2920:Parris, p. 168 2913: 2904: 2895: 2886: 2874: 2865: 2856: 2847: 2838: 2829: 2811: 2802: 2775: 2742: 2733: 2721: 2719:Irving, p. 149 2712: 2703: 2694: 2679: 2667: 2658: 2649: 2640: 2628: 2619: 2598: 2589: 2587:Denning, p. 63 2580: 2571: 2562: 2550: 2541: 2532: 2530:Irving, p. 111 2523: 2514: 2505: 2477: 2468: 2440: 2412: 2400: 2372: 2363: 2347: 2338: 2326: 2314: 2312:Parris, p. 160 2305: 2296: 2287: 2285:Parris, p. 159 2275: 2263: 2254: 2245: 2231: 2222: 2213: 2204: 2195: 2186: 2174: 2165: 2156: 2144: 2135: 2126: 2117: 2108: 2099: 2090: 2081: 2079:Keeler, p. 126 2072: 2063: 2054: 2045: 2033: 2017: 2008: 1988: 1979: 1970: 1961: 1952: 1943: 1934: 1925: 1916: 1907: 1898: 1889: 1880: 1871: 1862: 1808: 1799: 1790: 1776: 1767: 1758: 1749: 1740: 1731: 1722: 1713: 1704: 1695: 1686: 1677: 1668: 1614: 1605: 1592: 1583: 1574: 1572:Pincher, p. 65 1564: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1544: 1522: 1513: 1496: 1492:Reginald Paget 1482: 1469: 1452: 1435: 1425: 1416: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1330:Comedy Theatre 1322:Hugh Whitemore 1289: 1286: 1217:Cambridge Five 1135: 1132: 1124:coroner's jury 1085:reported that 993: 987: 981:(formerly the 962: 959: 865: 862: 860: 857: 803:Barbara Castle 799:Home Secretary 764: 762: 759: 692: 689: 627:Dolphin Square 602: 599: 597: 594: 539: 529: 526: 496:Spring Cottage 480: 477: 475: 472: 456:Foreign Office 441:Oleg Penkovsky 426:Yevgeny Ivanov 378: 375: 294: 291: 275:Valerie Hobson 228: 225: 195:Lord Radcliffe 158: 155: 153: 150: 85:Yevgeny Ivanov 70:Prime Minister 34:Profumo affair 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4511: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4466: 4464: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4423: 4422: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4406: 4399: 4398: 4394: 4391: 4390: 4389:Never So Good 4386: 4383: 4382: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4371: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4314: 4312: 4308: 4301: 4298: 4295: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4280: 4277: 4274: 4272:(grandfather) 4271: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4261: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4246: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4229: 4224: 4222: 4217: 4215: 4210: 4209: 4206: 4193: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4182: 4175: 4173: 4169: 4166: 4165: 4161: 4158: 4157: 4153: 4150: 4149: 4145: 4142: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4134: 4130: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4103:Peter Rachman 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4043: 4038: 4036: 4031: 4029: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4012: 4008: 4003: 3991: 3986: 3985: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3962: 3960:0-340-42973-9 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3912: 3908: 3903: 3899: 3897:0-283-98576-3 3893: 3888: 3887: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3871:0-86051-957-0 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3849:0-224-61963-2 3845: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3827:0-224-02347-0 3823: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3780: 3777: 3771: 3769:0-7126-5255-8 3765: 3761: 3757: 3756:Denning, Lord 3753: 3749: 3743: 3738: 3737: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3721:0-7043-2731-7 3717: 3713: 3708: 3704: 3702:0-297-81849-X 3698: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3685: 3672: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3646: 3637: 3629: 3625: 3620: 3612: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3581: 3572: 3563: 3554: 3545: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3514: 3506: 3502: 3495: 3486: 3477: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3454: 3447:. p. 13. 3446: 3439: 3430: 3421: 3412: 3403: 3394: 3387:. p. 28. 3386: 3379: 3370: 3361: 3352: 3343: 3334: 3325: 3316: 3307: 3291: 3287: 3282: 3275: 3273: 3263: 3254: 3245: 3236: 3234: 3232: 3222: 3213: 3204: 3195: 3189:Young, p. 109 3186: 3170: 3169:The Spectator 3166: 3160: 3151: 3142: 3136:Denning, p. 9 3133: 3124: 3115: 3099: 3095: 3090: 3082: 3073: 3064: 3055: 3046: 3037: 3028: 3019: 3010: 3001: 2992: 2983: 2974: 2965: 2959:Denning, p. 1 2956: 2948: 2947:Sunday Mirror 2944: 2938: 2936: 2926: 2917: 2908: 2899: 2890: 2881: 2879: 2869: 2860: 2851: 2842: 2833: 2826:. p. 25. 2825: 2821: 2815: 2806: 2790: 2789:The Spectator 2786: 2779: 2763: 2762: 2757: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2737: 2728: 2726: 2716: 2707: 2698: 2690: 2683: 2674: 2672: 2662: 2653: 2644: 2635: 2633: 2623: 2615: 2614:The Economist 2611: 2605: 2603: 2593: 2584: 2575: 2566: 2557: 2555: 2545: 2536: 2527: 2518: 2509: 2493: 2492: 2487: 2481: 2472: 2456: 2455: 2450: 2444: 2428: 2427: 2422: 2416: 2407: 2405: 2388: 2387: 2382: 2376: 2367: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2352: 2342: 2333: 2331: 2321: 2319: 2309: 2300: 2291: 2282: 2280: 2270: 2268: 2258: 2249: 2240: 2238: 2236: 2226: 2217: 2208: 2199: 2190: 2181: 2179: 2169: 2160: 2154: 2148: 2139: 2130: 2121: 2112: 2103: 2094: 2085: 2076: 2067: 2058: 2049: 2040: 2038: 2028: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2012: 2003: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1983: 1974: 1965: 1956: 1947: 1938: 1929: 1920: 1911: 1902: 1893: 1884: 1875: 1866: 1855: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1831: 1825: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1803: 1794: 1788:Denning, p. 8 1785: 1783: 1781: 1771: 1762: 1753: 1744: 1735: 1726: 1717: 1708: 1699: 1690: 1681: 1672: 1661: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1637: 1631: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1609: 1602: 1601:New Statesman 1596: 1587: 1578: 1569: 1565: 1548: 1541: 1536: 1532: 1526: 1517: 1510: 1506: 1500: 1493: 1486: 1479: 1473: 1466: 1462: 1456: 1449: 1445: 1439: 1429: 1420: 1410: 1406: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1364: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1350: 1345: 1341: 1340: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1310: 1301: 1300: 1294: 1285: 1283: 1282:slum landlord 1279: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1264: 1260: 1259:The Naked Spy 1255: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1240: 1236: 1231: 1230: 1224: 1220: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1185: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1176:The Economist 1172: 1168: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1142: 1141:The Spectator 1131: 1129: 1125: 1120: 1119: 1113: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1094: 1092: 1088: 1087:Scotland Yard 1084: 1083: 1078: 1077: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1060:Sunday Mirror 1057: 1051: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1034: 1032: 1031: 1026: 1025:Lord Hailsham 1022: 1017: 1016: 1015:The Spectator 1009: 1002: 992: 986: 984: 980: 979:Sunday Mirror 976: 972: 967: 958: 956: 955: 950: 949: 943: 938: 934: 929: 927: 926:Lord Dilhorne 923: 918: 914: 913:Timothy Bligh 908: 906: 905: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 879: 875: 871: 856: 854: 850: 846: 845: 838: 836: 832: 828: 824: 818: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 783:Harold Wilson 778: 772: 770: 758: 756: 755: 750: 746: 741: 739: 733: 731: 727: 722: 718: 711: 707: 706: 701: 700: 688: 686: 683: 679: 674: 668: 666: 662: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 640: 634: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 607: 593: 591: 587: 582: 579: 575: 572:, the former 571: 570:Viscount Ward 567: 563: 559: 558:Regent's Park 555: 549: 543: 538: 536: 525: 523: 519: 514: 508: 504: 502: 497: 489: 485: 471: 469: 465: 461: 457: 453: 448: 446: 442: 439: 435: 431: 430:naval attaché 427: 423: 419: 418: 412: 410: 406: 405:Prince Philip 403:, among them 402: 398: 397: 392: 388: 384: 383:Hertfordshire 374: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 347:Peter Rachman 344: 341: 336: 334: 330: 326: 322: 320: 315: 311: 304: 299: 290: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 263: 261: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 224: 222: 219:warned, "any 218: 217: 216:New Statesman 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 149: 147: 143: 139: 138:establishment 135: 130: 126: 122: 117: 115: 111: 107: 102: 98: 94: 90: 89:naval attaché 86: 81: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 43: 39: 35: 27: 23: 19: 4420: 4395: 4392:(play, 2008) 4387: 4379: 4356: 4296:(son-in-law) 4294:Julian Amery 4171: 4162: 4156:Stephen Ward 4154: 4146: 4138: 4088:Lucky Gordon 4073:Stephen Ward 4063:John Profumo 4048: 3994:. Retrieved 3972: 3950: 3928: 3906: 3885: 3861: 3839: 3817: 3795: 3783: 3759: 3735: 3711: 3692: 3670: 3663:. Retrieved 3659:the original 3654: 3645: 3636: 3623: 3611: 3599:. Retrieved 3595:the original 3590: 3580: 3571: 3562: 3553: 3544: 3532:. Retrieved 3528:the original 3523: 3513: 3504: 3494: 3485: 3476: 3464:The Guardian 3463: 3453: 3445:The Guardian 3444: 3438: 3429: 3424:Levin, p. 85 3420: 3411: 3402: 3393: 3384: 3378: 3369: 3360: 3351: 3342: 3333: 3324: 3315: 3306: 3294:. Retrieved 3285: 3262: 3253: 3244: 3221: 3212: 3203: 3194: 3185: 3173:. Retrieved 3168: 3159: 3150: 3141: 3132: 3123: 3114: 3102:. Retrieved 3093: 3081: 3072: 3063: 3054: 3045: 3036: 3027: 3018: 3009: 3000: 2991: 2982: 2973: 2964: 2955: 2949:. p. 7. 2946: 2925: 2916: 2907: 2898: 2889: 2868: 2859: 2854:Young, p. 34 2850: 2841: 2836:Levin, p. 65 2832: 2824:The Observer 2823: 2814: 2805: 2793:. Retrieved 2788: 2778: 2766:. Retrieved 2759: 2736: 2715: 2706: 2697: 2688: 2682: 2661: 2652: 2643: 2622: 2613: 2592: 2583: 2574: 2565: 2544: 2535: 2526: 2517: 2508: 2496:. Retrieved 2489: 2480: 2475:Young, p. 17 2471: 2459:. Retrieved 2452: 2443: 2431:. Retrieved 2424: 2415: 2391:. Retrieved 2384: 2375: 2366: 2341: 2308: 2299: 2290: 2257: 2252:Young, p. 10 2248: 2225: 2216: 2207: 2198: 2189: 2168: 2159: 2152: 2147: 2138: 2129: 2120: 2111: 2102: 2093: 2084: 2075: 2066: 2057: 2048: 2011: 1982: 1973: 1964: 1955: 1946: 1937: 1928: 1919: 1910: 1901: 1892: 1883: 1874: 1865: 1842:. Retrieved 1828: 1802: 1793: 1770: 1761: 1752: 1743: 1734: 1725: 1720:Keeler, p. 2 1716: 1707: 1698: 1689: 1680: 1671: 1648:. Retrieved 1634: 1608: 1600: 1595: 1590:Levin, p. 62 1586: 1577: 1568: 1547: 1530: 1525: 1516: 1499: 1485: 1472: 1464: 1455: 1438: 1428: 1419: 1409: 1386: 1371: 1363:Stephen Ward 1361: 1354:Ecosse Films 1347: 1337: 1325: 1314:Ian McKellen 1307: 1305: 1297: 1274: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1256: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1209: 1197:Spitalfields 1193:Toynbee Hall 1190: 1187:Toynbee Hall 1174: 1146: 1140: 1137: 1116: 1114: 1095: 1091:Daily Mirror 1090: 1080: 1074: 1072: 1059: 1052: 1035: 1030:The Observer 1028: 1013: 1011: 1005: 994: 989: 982: 978: 970: 968: 964: 954:Daily Mirror 952: 946: 930: 909: 902: 894: 867: 853:recognizance 844:The Guardian 842: 839: 835:Queen Mother 819: 815:Henry Brooke 780: 774: 766: 752: 742: 734: 729: 720: 716: 709: 703: 697: 694: 669: 651: 647: 637: 635: 615:Notting Hill 612: 583: 551: 545: 541: 531: 513:West Germany 509: 505: 493: 468:Lord Denning 449: 438:double agent 415: 413: 401:Royal Family 394: 391:Slade school 380: 355:Wimpole Mews 343:Stephen Ward 337: 318: 308: 279:conscription 264: 240:Conservative 232:John Profumo 230: 227:John Profumo 214: 211:Paul Johnson 209:; columnist 183:Soviet Union 171:John Vassall 167:George Blake 160: 125:Toynbee Hall 121:Lord Denning 118: 97:Stephen Ward 82: 74:Labour Party 54:Conservative 42:John Profumo 33: 31: 26:John Profumo 18: 4415:Birch Grove 4151:(1989 film) 4143:(1963 film) 4132:Adaptations 4123:James Burge 3784:Scandal '63 3689:Clark, Alan 2791:. p. 4 1540:Tom Mangold 1478:Argyllshire 1461:Andrew Roth 1360:'s musical 1167:meritocracy 1128:barbiturate 1118:in absentia 1102:prosecution 1039:Nigel Birch 961:Retribution 895:Private Eye 797:to ask the 754:Private Eye 680:, a former 460:backchannel 329:Beak Street 285:, a former 283:George Wigg 242:member for 199:sensational 179:blackmailed 129:East London 87:, a Soviet 4463:Categories 4400:(TV, 2017) 4373:Depictions 4290:(daughter) 3996:14 January 3601:28 January 1856:required.) 1844:11 January 1662:required.) 1650:11 January 1560:References 1505:Ben Parkin 1383:Billy Joel 1299:After Dark 1235:High Court 1149:conference 1098:Old Bailey 1082:The People 1076:sub judice 738:Chief Whip 678:John Lewis 535:gramophone 363:Lord Astor 359:Marylebone 312:, born in 236:Parliament 152:Background 134:parliament 4397:The Crown 4172:The Crown 3951:Honeytrap 3758:(1992) . 3665:10 August 3655:TV Tropes 3534:15 August 2689:The Times 1531:Honeytrap 1339:Endeavour 1318:John Hurt 1312:featured 1154:Lord Home 1134:Aftermath 948:The Times 807:Blackburn 745:the Crown 730:Pictorial 726:extortion 717:Pictorial 710:Pictorial 665:Brentford 566:John Hare 537:records. 501:Ayub Khan 340:osteopath 244:Kettering 175:Admiralty 106:scapegoat 101:osteopath 4381:Supermac 4174:season 2 3971:(1963). 3927:(2013). 3882:(1979). 3860:(1996). 3838:(1970). 3794:(2012). 3732:(2013). 3691:(1998). 3628:Archived 3468:Archived 3290:Archived 3098:Archived 1324:'s play 883:remanded 859:Exposure 769:Surbiton 702:and the 619:cannabis 488:Cliveden 452:defector 367:Cliveden 321:magazine 319:Tit-Bits 314:Uxbridge 303:Cliveden 4408:Related 4254:Bromley 4148:Scandal 3681:Sources 3296:22 June 3175:22 June 3104:22 June 2795:22 June 2768:22 June 2498:22 June 2461:22 June 2433:22 June 2393:22 June 1391:Mad Men 1336:series 1309:Scandal 1302:in 1988 1212:perjury 1158:peerage 1058:in the 1047:treason 933:Whitsun 891:damages 827:slander 787:dossier 631:Pimlico 562:Bentley 474:Origins 420:editor 271:Cabinet 213:of the 76:in the 28:in 1938 4424:(1938) 4310:Career 4278:(wife) 4263:Family 4176:(2017) 3957: 3935: 3913: 3894: 3868: 3846: 3824: 3802: 3778:, 1963 3766: 3744: 3718: 3699: 1850: 1656: 937:Venice 899:Gibbon 878:tapped 849:Madrid 682:Labour 656:Humber 588:, the 528:Affair 4284:(son) 4184:Other 2153:Queen 1401:Notes 1375:' 1352:from 823:libel 749:Spain 713:' 648:front 639:Queen 458:as a 369:, in 127:, an 99:, an 3998:2024 3955:ISBN 3933:ISBN 3911:ISBN 3892:ISBN 3866:ISBN 3844:ISBN 3822:ISBN 3800:ISBN 3764:ISBN 3742:ISBN 3716:ISBN 3697:ISBN 3667:2024 3603:2014 3536:2015 3298:2016 3177:2016 3106:2016 2797:2016 2770:2016 2500:2016 2463:2016 2435:2016 2395:2016 1846:2014 1652:2014 825:and 652:back 644:Zils 407:and 333:Soho 221:Tory 32:The 1835:doi 1641:doi 1535:MI6 1444:FBI 1381:", 1344:BBC 1334:ITV 1173:". 1021:BBC 901:'s 885:to 556:in 445:GRU 434:MI5 327:in 52:'s 48:in 4465:: 4009:. 3669:. 3653:. 3626:. 3622:. 3589:. 3522:. 3503:. 3466:. 3462:. 3284:. 3271:^ 3230:^ 3167:. 3096:. 3092:. 2934:^ 2877:^ 2787:. 2758:. 2745:^ 2724:^ 2670:^ 2631:^ 2612:. 2601:^ 2553:^ 2488:. 2451:. 2423:. 2403:^ 2383:. 2350:^ 2329:^ 2317:^ 2278:^ 2266:^ 2234:^ 2177:^ 2036:^ 2020:^ 1991:^ 1827:. 1811:^ 1779:^ 1633:. 1617:^ 1494:). 924:, 907:. 837:. 685:MP 524:. 411:. 373:. 357:, 331:, 289:. 116:. 80:. 4227:e 4220:t 4213:v 4194:" 4190:" 4041:e 4034:t 4027:v 4013:. 4000:. 3963:. 3941:. 3919:. 3900:. 3874:. 3852:. 3830:. 3808:. 3772:. 3750:. 3724:. 3705:. 3605:. 3538:. 3507:. 3300:. 3179:. 3108:. 2799:. 2772:. 2502:. 2465:. 2437:. 2397:. 1848:. 1837:: 1654:. 1643:: 1450:. 578:£

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index