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in the elections that provides some tension is the question of how many votes the person who is to be elected president receives. This is seen as a popularity test. In the 1970s and 1980s, 200 votes (of 246 possible) was seen as an excellent result, but in the current era of growing party-political conflicts, 180 votes are a respectable outcome.
2062:, the Federal Council doubles as a collective head of state and head of government. When a tied vote occurs in the council (which may happen despite an odd number of members, since abstention is permitted, and a meeting of the council can take place without all members present), their vote is worth double.
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A vice-president of the
Federal Council is elected alongside the president of the Swiss Confederation; customarily, the elected vice-president is the member of the Federal Council who is expected to become president the following year. However, as for the choice of president, this rule is unwritten.
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Since the twentieth century, the election has usually not been disputed. There is an unwritten rule that the member of the
Federal Council who has not been president the longest becomes president. Therefore, every Federal Council member gets a turn at least once every seven years. The only question
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Until 1920, it was customary for the serving president to also lead the
Department of Foreign Affairs. Therefore, every year there was a moving around of posts, as the retiring president returned to his former department and the new president took up the foreign affairs portfolio. Likewise, it was
2074:
along with other visiting heads of state and government. However, because the Swiss have no single head of state, the country carries out no state visits. When travelling abroad, the president does so only in their capacity as head of their department. Visiting heads of state are received by the
2090:
In the nineteenth century, the election as president of the confederation was an award for especially esteemed
Federal Council members. However, a few less influential members of the government were regularly passed over. One such example was
2012:. Traditionally the duty rotates among the members in order of seniority; the vice president of the Federal Council assumes the presidency the year after the officeholder's tenure. The president of the Confederation is not the
2065:
In addition to the control of their own department, the president carries out some of the representative duties that are normally carried out by a single head of state in other democracies. For example, since joining the
2075:
seven members of the
Federal Council together, rather than by the president of the Confederation. Treaties are signed on behalf of the full council, with all Federal Council members signing
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The only formal rule, as specified in article 176 of the Swiss
Constitution, is that the president can not be elected as either president or vice-president for the following year.
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2194:"SR 101 Federal constitution of the Swiss Confederation of 18 April 1999 (Status as of 12 February 2017), unauthorized English version"
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The constitutional provisions relating to the organisation of the
Federal Government and federal administration are set out in
2008:, the president of the Confederation has no powers over and above the other six councillors and continues to head the assigned
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for one year, the officeholder chairs the meetings of the
Federal Council and undertakes special representational duties.
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2196:(official site) (in German, French, Italian, and English). Berne, Switzerland: The Federal Council. 12 February 2017
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2246:"Party, Regional and Linguistic Proportionality Under Majoritarian Rules: Swiss Federal Council Elections"
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2095:, who – although a member of the Federal Council for 27 years – was president only once, in 1853.
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The president is elected by the
Federal Assembly from the Federal Council for a term of one year.
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2340:"UN News – Swiss President, at General Assembly, Highlights Crucial Role of UN in Solving Crises"
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traditional for the president not to leave
Switzerland during their year in office.
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Defining Democracy: Voting Procedures in Decision-Making, Elections and Governance
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at articles 174 to 179. Article 176 specifically relates to the presidency.
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2342:(Press release). New York City: UN News, United Nations. 20 September 2016.
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2310:(2). Geneva, Switzerland: Swiss Political Science Association: 212–232.
2070:, Swiss presidents have on occasion spoken at inaugural sessions of the
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2144:(official site). Berne, Switzerland: The Federal Council. 24 April 2017
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The current incumbent president is Viola Amherd, since 1 January 2024.
2256:(1). Geneva, Switzerland: Swiss Political Science Association: 41–58.
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2359:(2nd ed.). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag. pp. 125–126.
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because the entire Federal Council is the collective head of state.
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2300:"Ten Years in the United Nations: Where Does Switzerland Stand?"
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The Federal Council The portal of the Swiss government
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The Swiss president is not – as are, for example, the
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Chapter 3 Federal Council and Federal Administration
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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2284:Government and Administration Organisation Act,
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32:List of presidents of the Swiss Confederation
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18:President of the Confederation (Switzerland)
2298:Hug, Simon; Wegmann, Simone (1 June 2013).
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2142:"How much does a federal councillor earn?"
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127:Learn how and when to remove this message
2216:"Swiss President 2023 Elections Results"
265:Unlimited non-consecutive one-year terms
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76:"President of the Swiss Confederation"
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2107:Vice-President of the Federal Council
301:Vice President of the Federal Council
27:Head of Switzerland's Federal Council
2460:President of the Swiss Confederation
2422:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
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2021:Section 1 Organisation and Procedure
1966:president of the Swiss Confederation
144:President of the Swiss Confederation
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
24:
3494:1848 establishments in Switzerland
2244:Stojanović, Nenad (1 March 2016).
2168:The portal of the Swiss government
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2164:"Tasks of the Federal Presidency"
2079:and other documents of the kind.
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168:Président(e) de la Confédération
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52:needs additional citations for
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1769:(Full list of Municipalities)
2397: Leonhard Neidhart:
1560:Federal Administrative Court
7:
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2029:Title 5 Federal Authorities
1607:Appenzell Ausserrhoden (AR)
10:
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2060:Swiss Federal Constitution
2058:of the country: under the
2033:Swiss Federal Constitution
1612:Appenzell Innerrhoden (AI)
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3484:Government of Switzerland
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234:since 1 January 2024
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1978:president of Switzerland
333:This article is part of
2353:Emerson, Peter (2012).
1976:or colloquially as the
344:Politics of Switzerland
285:; 175 years ago
2093:Wilhelm Matthias Naeff
1919:Switzerland portal
1785:Appenzell Ausserrhoden
1555:Federal Criminal Court
455:Federal administration
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180:
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3499:Presidents by country
2048:presidents in Austria
1990:formally the head of
1780:Appenzell Innerrhoden
1741:Cantonal legislatures
1622:Basel-Landschaft (BL)
1550:Federal Supreme Court
283:21 November 1848
1968:, also known as the
1565:Federal Patent Court
61:improve this article
2077:letters of credence
1746:Cantonal executives
425:Karin Keller-Sutter
155:Bundespräsident(in)
2317:10.1111/spsr.12034
2263:10.1111/spsr.12208
2006:First among equals
1983:primus inter pares
1529:Popular initiative
443:Federal Chancellor
322:Federal Presidency
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2425:, 2010-08-02.
2366:978-3-642-20904-8
1998:. Elected by the
1974:federal president
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1542:Federal courts
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410:Ignazio Cassis
407:
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390:
385:
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2096:
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2063:
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2057:
2056:head of state
2053:
2049:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2015:
2014:head of state
2011:
2007:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1922:
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1910:
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1901:
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1778:
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1760:
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1752:
1751:Landsgemeinde
1749:
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1744:
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1733:
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1677:Obwalden (OW)
1675:
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1668:
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1663:
1660:
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1637:Fribourg (FR)
1635:
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1324:
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1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
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1292:
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1199:
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1022:
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1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
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934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
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907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
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884:
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807:
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799:
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778:
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771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
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643:
641:
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628:
626:
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611:
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603:
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561:
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556:
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538:
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531:
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518:
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434:
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429:
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109:
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88:
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81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3302:2000–present
2459:
2420:
2398:
2355:
2348:
2334:
2307:
2303:
2293:
2280:
2253:
2249:
2224:. Retrieved
2219:
2210:
2198:. Retrieved
2171:. Retrieved
2167:
2158:
2146:. Retrieved
2136:
2110:
2101:
2097:
2089:
2086:
2064:
2045:
2042:Competencies
2037:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2004:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1850:Schaffhausen
1707:Thurgau (TG)
1662:Lucerne (LU)
1652:Grisons (GR)
448:Viktor Rossi
431:Albert Rösti
418:
415:Viola Amherd
405:Guy Parmelin
374:Human rights
367:Constitution
274:Jonas Furrer
230:Viola Amherd
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
3456:Switzerland
3339:Leuenberger
3314:Leuenberger
3087:Petitpierre
3062:Petitpierre
3037:Petitpierre
3001:von Steiger
2976:Pilet-Golaz
2946:Pilet-Golaz
2694:Hertenstein
2534:Frey-Herosé
2504:Frey-Herosé
2226:25 November
1992:Switzerland
1795:Basel-Stadt
1732:Zurich (ZH)
1717:Valais (VS)
1702:Ticino (TI)
1687:Schwyz (SZ)
1647:Glarus (GL)
1642:Geneva (GE)
1617:Aargau (AG)
793:Referendums
261:Term length
3478:Categories
3379:Burkhalter
3077:Holenstein
2941:Schulthess
2916:Schulthess
2870:Schulthess
2850:Schulthess
2222:. admin.ch
2128:References
2010:department
1865:St. Gallen
1820:GraubĂĽnden
290:1848-11-21
87:newspapers
3409:Sommaruga
3384:Sommaruga
3364:Calmy-Rey
3349:Couchepin
3344:Calmy-Rey
3324:Couchepin
3278:Delamuraz
3243:Delamuraz
3198:Chevallaz
3193:HĂĽrlimann
3188:Ritschard
3166:1975–1999
3117:Schaffner
3030:1950–1974
2894:1925–1949
2758:1900–1924
2704:Ruchonnet
2669:Ruchonnet
2622:1875–1899
2489:Munzinger
2472:1848–1874
2326:1662-6370
2272:1662-6370
1860:Solothurn
1840:Nidwalden
1835:Neuchâtel
1722:Vaud (VD)
1657:Jura (JU)
1632:Bern (BE)
1514:Mandatory
523:Elections
510:Elections
419:President
400:Beat Jans
335:a series
280:Formation
249:Residence
227:Incumbent
199:(Romansh)
186:(Italian)
117:June 2023
3468:Politics
3414:Parmelin
3394:Leuthard
3359:Leuthard
3319:Villiger
3293:Dreifuss
3273:Villiger
3218:Schlumpf
3208:Honegger
3147:N. Celio
3132:von Moos
3107:von Moos
3067:Feldmann
3057:Rubattel
3016:E. Celio
2996:Stampfli
2991:E. Celio
2931:Häberlin
2906:Häberlin
2880:Scheurer
2855:Calonder
2845:Decoppet
2835:Hoffmann
2815:Comtesse
2785:Comtesse
2734:Lachenal
2599:Cérésole
2569:Fornerod
2549:Fornerod
2544:Stämpfli
2529:Stämpfli
2519:Fornerod
2514:Stämpfli
2200:23 March
2116:See also
2083:Election
1980:, is as
1845:Obwalden
1805:Fribourg
1727:Zug (ZG)
1712:Uri (UR)
1519:Optional
173:(French)
160:(German)
3442:Portals
3223:Furgler
3203:Furgler
3183:Furgler
3157:Brugger
3137:Tschudi
3127:SpĂĽhler
3112:Tschudi
3102:SpĂĽhler
3097:Chaudet
3082:Chaudet
3072:Streuli
3042:Steiger
2966:Baumann
2810:Deucher
2805:Brenner
2780:Deucher
2770:Brenner
2739:Deucher
2684:Deucher
2629:Scherer
2416:Italian
2286:Art. 19
2052:Germany
2031:of the
2027:of the
1870:Thurgau
1830:Lucerne
1599:Cantons
490:members
480:members
394:Members
317:Website
288: (
101:scholar
3429:Amherd
3424:Berset
3419:Cassis
3404:Maurer
3399:Berset
3374:Maurer
3334:Schmid
3283:Koller
3258:Felber
3248:Koller
3233:Aubert
3213:Aubert
3173:Graber
3152:Bonvin
3122:Bonvin
3092:Wahlen
3047:Kobelt
3006:Kobelt
2981:Wetter
2951:Minger
2885:Chuard
2830:MĂĽller
2825:Forrer
2820:Ruchet
2800:MĂĽller
2795:Forrer
2790:Ruchet
2765:Hauser
2749:MĂĽller
2719:Schenk
2714:Hauser
2699:Hammer
2679:Schenk
2664:Bavier
2649:Hammer
2644:Schenk
2604:Schenk
2589:Schenk
2564:KnĂĽsel
2559:Schenk
2539:KnĂĽsel
2524:Furrer
2509:Furrer
2494:Furrer
2479:Furrer
2410:French
2404:German
2363:
2324:
2270:
2173:3 June
2148:17 May
2054:– the
1900:Zurich
1885:Valais
1875:Ticino
1855:Schwyz
1815:Glarus
1810:Geneva
1775:Aargau
517:Voting
337:on the
306:Salary
298:Deputy
240:Status
197:
184:
171:
158:
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
3329:Deiss
3288:Cotti
3268:Stich
3253:Cotti
3238:Stich
3178:Gnägi
3142:Gnägi
3052:Etter
3011:Etter
2986:Etter
2971:Etter
2961:Motta
2956:Meyer
2936:Motta
2911:Motta
2865:Motta
2840:Motta
2744:Ruffy
2709:Welti
2674:Welti
2654:Welti
2634:Welti
2594:Welti
2579:Welti
2499:Naeff
2484:Druey
108:JSTOR
94:books
3354:Merz
3228:Egli
3021:Nobs
2926:Musy
2921:Haab
2901:Musy
2875:Haab
2860:Ador
2775:Zemp
2729:Zemp
2724:Frey
2689:Droz
2659:Droz
2639:Heer
2584:Dubs
2574:Dubs
2554:Dubs
2464:list
2413:and
2401:in
2361:ISBN
2322:ISSN
2268:ISSN
2228:2023
2202:2018
2175:2021
2150:2018
1964:The
1890:Vaud
1825:Jura
1800:Bern
1501:2024
1496:2023
1491:2022
1486:2021
1481:2020
1476:2019
1471:2018
1466:2017
1461:2016
1456:2015
1451:2014
1446:2013
1441:2012
1436:2011
1431:2010
1426:2009
1421:2008
1416:2007
1411:2006
1406:2005
1401:2004
1396:2003
1391:2002
1386:2001
1381:2000
1376:1999
1371:1998
1366:1997
1361:1996
1356:1995
1351:1994
1346:1993
1341:1992
1336:1991
1331:1990
1326:1989
1321:1988
1316:1987
1311:1986
1306:1985
1301:1984
1296:1983
1291:1982
1286:1981
1281:1980
1276:1979
1271:1978
1266:1977
1261:1976
1256:1975
1251:1974
1246:1973
1241:1972
1236:1971
1231:1970
1226:1969
1221:1968
1216:1967
1211:1966
1206:1965
1201:1964
1196:1963
1191:1962
1186:1961
1181:1960
1176:1959
1171:1958
1166:1957
1161:1956
1156:1955
1151:1954
1146:1953
1141:1952
1136:1951
1131:1950
1126:1949
1121:1948
1116:1947
1111:1946
1106:1945
1101:1944
1096:1942
1091:1941
1086:1940
1081:1939
1076:1938
1071:1937
1066:1935
1061:1934
1056:1933
1051:1931
1046:1930
1041:1929
1036:1928
1031:1927
1026:1926
1021:1925
1016:1924
1011:1923
1006:1922
1001:1921
996:1920
991:1919
986:1918
981:1917
976:1915
971:1914
966:1913
961:1912
956:1910
951:1908
946:1907
941:1906
936:1905
931:1903
926:1902
921:1900
916:1898
911:1897
906:1896
901:1895
896:1894
891:1893
886:1891
881:1890
876:1889
871:1887
866:1885
861:1884
856:1882
851:1880
846:1879
841:1877
836:1876
831:1875
826:1874
821:1872
816:1866
811:1848
806:1802
801:1798
785:2023
780:2019
775:2015
770:2011
765:2007
760:2003
755:1999
750:1995
745:1991
740:1987
735:1983
730:1979
725:1975
720:1971
715:1967
710:1963
705:1959
700:1955
695:1951
690:1947
685:1943
680:1939
675:1935
670:1931
665:1928
660:1925
655:1922
650:1919
645:1917
640:1914
635:1911
630:1908
625:1905
620:1902
615:1899
610:1896
605:1893
600:1890
595:1887
590:1884
585:1881
580:1878
575:1875
570:1872
565:1869
560:1866
555:1863
550:1860
545:1857
540:1854
535:1851
530:1848
80:news
3309:Ogi
3263:Ogi
2312:doi
2258:doi
2050:or
2023:of
1895:Zug
1880:Uri
310:CHF
63:by
3480::
2407:,
2320:.
2308:19
2306:.
2302:.
2266:.
2254:22
2252:.
2248:.
2236:^
2218:.
2183:^
2166:.
1972:,
3444::
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2462:(
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2204:.
2177:.
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