177:
614:
548:
symmetrical raw brick foundations more than 33 m wide in the courtyard of the sixth pylon, about thirty meters west of the Middle
Kingdom courtyard. Five years of work have uncovered a religious complex approximately 70 m wide by more than 100 m long, "probably composed of concentric enclosures and peribolus walls surrounding stores, a front access platform and the "god's abode." This complex seems to have been founded on a large area developed by the construction of earthwork walls, without traces of older architectural remains."
412:. Ramesses decoration was at first in raised relief, but he quickly changed to sunk relief and then converted his raised relief decoration in the southern part of the hall, along with the few reliefs of Seti there, to sunk relief. He left Seti I's reliefs in the north wing as raised relief. Ramesses also changed Seti's names to his own along the main east–west axis of the Hall and along the northern part of the north–south processional route while respecting most of his father's reliefs elsewhere in the hall.
31:
193:
598:
1252:
606:
389:
161:
455:
201:
169:
39:
432:. Though much ruined, in antiquity it was quite splendid and parts of it were even plated in gold by pharaoh Amenhotep III. A vestibule was added late in the pharaoh's reign and then partly decorated with incompleted triumph scenes by Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten before the new pharaoh abandoned the project due to his religious revolution which rejected the cult of the god Amun-Re.
436:
to the reconstruction of several lost monuments, including the White Chapel of
Senusret I and the red chapel of Queen Hatshepsut, which are now in the open-air museum at Karnak. At the time of its construction, Amenhotep III had the Third Pylon gilded and covered with precious stones, as he relates on a stela now in the Cairo museum:
509:, and leads into a Hall of Records in which the king recorded his tributes. The pylon also includes some images of the god Amun which were restored by Tutankhamen after they were vandalized by Akhenaten. These images were later recarved by Horemheb who also usurped Tutankhamun's restoration inscriptions.
445:
The reliefs on the pylon were later restored by
Tutankhamen who also inserted images of himself. These were, in turn, later erased by Horemheb. The erased images of Tutankhamen were long thought to be of Akhenaten himself, supposedly evidence of a coregency between Akhenaten and Amenhotep III, though
435:
In building the Third Pylon, Amenhotep dismantled a number of older monuments, including a small gateway he himself built earlier in the reign. He deposited hundreds of blocks from these monuments inside the pylon towers as fill. These were recovered by
Egyptologists in the early 20th century and led
1035:
G. Charloux, J.-Fr. Jet, E. Lanoë, « Karnak. Au cœur du temple d’Amon-Rê », Archéologia 411, mai 2004, p. 42-49 ; et G. Charloux, J.-Fr. Jet, E. Lanoë, « Nouveaux vestiges des sanctuaires du Moyen Empire à Karnak. Les fouilles récentes des cours du VIe pylône », Bulletin de
547:
The so-called "Middle
Kingdom courtyard" in the center of the Karnak complex has been investigated since the 19th century. It had been theorized that a sanctuary of Amun was located here, until the Franco-Egyptian Center for Studies of the Temples of Karnak (CFEETK)'s inaugural 2002 season revealed
440:
The king made a monument for Amun, making for him a very great gateway before Amun-Re lord of the thrones of the two lands, sheathed entirely in gold, a divine image according to respect, filled with turquoise , sheathed in gold and numerous stones . The like had never been made... Its pavement was
362:
This pylon was built by
Horemheb near the end of his reign and only partly decorated by him. Ramesses I usurped Horemheb's reliefs and inscriptions on the pylon and added his own to them. These were later usurped by Ramesses II. The east (rear) face of the pylon became the west wall of the newly
415:
The outer walls depict scenes of battle, Seti I on the north and
Ramesses II on the south. These scenes may not show actual combat, but could have a ritual purpose as well. Adjoining the southern wall of Ramesses II is another wall that contains the text of the peace treaty he signed with the
1045:
G. Charloux, « The Middle
Kingdom Temple of Amun at Karnak », Egyptian Archaeology 27, 2005, p. 20-24 ; Charloux G. « Karnak au Moyen Empire : l’enceinte et les fondations des magasins du Grand Temple d’Amon-Rê ». Cahiers de Karnak XII, 2007, sous
81:
The site occupies some 250,000 m and contains many structures and monuments. The main temple itself, the Temple of Amun, covers some 61 acres. Some parts of the complex are closed or semi-closed, including large parts of the North-South Axis (the 8th, 9th, and 10th
653:
smiting
Asiatic enemies, under which is a list of names of towns and peoples conquered in his campaigns in Syria-Palestine. The famous Karnak Cachette of nearly 800 stone statues and 17,000 bronze statues, as well as other artifacts were found buried here by
152:(usually translated as 'most select of places') only really refers to the central core structures of the Precinct of Amun-Ra, and was in use as early as the 11th Dynasty, again implying the presence of some form of temple before the Middle Kingdom expansion.
366:
Horemheb filled the interior of the pylon towers with thousands of recycled blocks from dismantled monuments of his predecessors, especially
Talatat blocks from the monuments of Akhenaten along with a temple of Tutankhamen and Ay.
89:
Most of the southwest is an open-air assembling area containing millions of stone fragments, from small to huge, laid out in long rows, awaiting reassembly into their respective monuments. The area is not closed, as the temples of
816:
Several of the pylons reused earlier structures in their core. In the Open Air Museum, located in the Northwest corner of the complex, there are reconstructions of some of these earlier structures, notable amongst them the
441:
made of pure silver, its front portal inset with stelae of lapis lazuli, one on each side. Its twin towers approach heaven, like the four supports of the sky. Its flagpoles shine skyward sheathed in electrum.
260:, but was never totally completed. It is 113m wide and 15m thick. There are large numbers of mud bricks piled up against the inside of the pylon, and these give a clue as to how it was constructed.
363:
built Great Hypostyle Hall under Seti I who added some honorary images of the late Ramesses I to compensate for having had to erase his father's images there when he built the hall.
304:
In order to construct this kiosk, the ram-sphinx corridor was removed and the statues moved to the edges of the open court. Only one column remains in place, bearing inscriptions by
86:), which are under active excavation or restoration. The whole southeast corner is semi-closed. The northwest corner is a museum that requires an additional ticket to visit.
732:
The sacred lake was where priests purified themselves before performing rituals in the temple. The sound and light show is now viewed from a seating area next to the lake.
346:
This portal allows exit from the first court to the area to the south of the Temple of Ramesses III. It records the conquests and military campaigns in Syria-Palestine of
220:), causing most visitors to miss this significant feature. Inscribed into the terrace (though many are now eroded away) are the inundation levels for several kings of the
573:– "the most glorious of monuments") itself has its axis at right-angles to the main east–west axis of the temple. It was originally built to celebrate the jubilee (
180:
Great courtyard with entrance to the chapels of the sacred boats of Seti II, with the reconstruction of the location of the large statue of the pharaoh now at the
1157:
562:
This stands to the east of the main temple complex. Between the sanctuary and the festival hall is an open space, and this is thought to be where the original
66:. The precinct is by far the largest of these and the only one that is open to the general public. The temple complex is dedicated to the principal god of the
481:, nearly 30 m in height. Later kings blocked out the view of this from ground level, and constructed walls around it. Its companion lies, broken, by the
144:. The earliest artifact found in the area of the temple is a small, eight-sided column from the Eleventh Dynasty, which mentions Amun-Ra. The tomb of
140:, and any temple building here would have been relatively small and unimportant, with any shrines being dedicated to the early god of Thebes,
98:
both lie in this corner and are open to the public, though both are rarely visited, relative to the huge numbers of tourists who come to
1099:
408:'s work. He began to decorate the southern side of the hall shortly before he died but this section was largely completed by his son,
148:
mentions a 'house of Amun', which implies some structure, whether a shrine or a small temple is unknown. The ancient name for Karnak,
934:
William J. Murnane, 'The Bark of Amun on the Third Pylon at Karnak.' Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 16 (1979) 11-27
766:
this temple is located to the east of the main complex, on the east–west alignment. It was built during the reign of Ramesses II.
1208:
724:
Located within the outer precincts of the complex are a number of other structures, some of which are accessible to the public.
1109:
Brand, Peter J. 'Secondary Restorations in the Post-Amarna Period.' Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 36 (1999)
1128:
1231:
123:
208:
The main temple is laid out on an east–west axis, entered via a quay (now dry and several hundred metres from the Nile).
17:
746:
This small temple lies to the north of the main Amun temple, just within the boundary wall. The building was erected by
428:
Through the walls of the Hypostyle Hall is the mostly ruined Transverse Hall, alongside a reconstructed Third Pylon of
221:
1300:
976:
586:
228:. The cult terrace is often mistakenly thought to be a dock or quay, but other examples, such as the one at the
176:
1396:
351:
269:
1006:
1295:
557:
585:, shows Thutmose III with some of the earlier kings that built parts of the temple complex. It contains the
1094:
716:
as core building material. There are four registers of scenes around the gateway, in the name of Horemheb.
666:
Off to the eastern side of the court is an alabaster shrine, constructed for the jubilee of Thutmose III.
1201:
1100:
Report about the season 2008 of the Franco-Egyptian Research Center of the Temples of Karnak (in English)
463:
257:
525:. This sanctuary contains blocks from the earlier sanctuary and older inscriptions can still be seen.
538:
137:
625:. Most of this area is off limits to tourists, as it is under active reconstruction and excavation.
1365:
272:
enclosed several older structures, and meant that the original avenue of sphinxes had to be moved.
103:
1280:
741:
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613:
1344:
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477:, and is 21.2 m high and weighs nearly 150 tons. Just beyond this is the remaining obelisk of
522:
518:
313:
873:
1275:
781:
383:
245:
83:
1104:
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750:, on the site of an earlier Middle Kingdom temple. The building was later enlarged by the
8:
678:, the eighth pylon marks the end of the area that is normally accessible to the public.
1310:
1124:
751:
638:
371:
641:
period, during one of the clearances of the complex for rebuilding or construction.
236:, do not have access to water. It was intended for the presentation of cult images.
1370:
1290:
1285:
775:
582:
225:
788:, on the site of an earlier temple (the construction seems to be mentioned in the
1322:
1056:
655:
634:
622:
341:
244:
Originally the quay led via a corridor of Sphinxes to the entrance to the second
59:
106:, in a sealed long building which contains surviving remnants of the dismantled
1360:
818:
789:
233:
370:
The Second Pylon's roof collapsed in late antiquity and was later restored in
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1390:
1241:
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578:
429:
328:. Inscriptions inside the temple show the king slaughtering captives, whilst
133:
1148:
1375:
826:
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buried under this open court. These had been buried there, probably in the
574:
506:
325:
216:
The modern entrance is placed over the end of the ancient cult terrace (or
192:
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30:
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136:. The city does not appear to have been of any significance before the
695:. It is hollow and allows access to its top, via internal staircases.
324:
On the south side of the forecourt, there is a small temple built by
160:
111:
1105:
Excavations in the temple of Amun, fifth and sixth Pylon (in French)
404:. The north side of the hall is decorated in raised relief, and was
1014:
692:
534:
417:
388:
248:, but these were moved aside when the First Pylon was constructed.
145:
1059:. French Institute of Oriental Archaeology - Cairo. 28 August 2017
566:
shrines and temples were located, before their later dismantling.
454:
268:
The construction of the original first pylon and Forecourt in the
1095:
Centre Franco-Egyptien d'Etude des Temples de Karnak (in English)
709:
541:
470:
329:
305:
281:
95:
75:
38:
1217:
577:) of Thutmose III, and later became used as part of the annual
405:
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91:
63:
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of Turin (on the left) and of another similar (right) at the
141:
55:
51:
708:
Again, it was Horemheb who built this last pylon, using the
285:
71:
1186:
289:
1036:
la Société Française d’Egyptologie 160, 2004, p. 26-46.
449:
691:
This pylon was constructed (or at least completed) by
621:
This axis, with its massive pylons, heads off to the
1145:, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 1999
512:
1388:
780:This temple is an example of an almost complete
551:
521:, on the site of the earlier sanctuary built by
971:
969:
967:
965:
628:
1149:Searchable database of the Cachette of Statues
1057:"Karnak Cachette and G. Legrain's "K" numbers"
800:
1202:
962:
649:On the southern side, there is a carving of
633:Over 900 statues were discovered in 1903 by
528:
204:Second pylon photographed from the west side
256:Construction of the current pylon began in
1209:
1195:
1123:. Routledge, Abingdon and New York, 2006.
955:
953:
784:temple, and was originally constructed by
488:
1136:A Guide To The Antiquities of Upper Egypt
319:
34:Map of the Amun-Re Temple (upper portion)
850:
848:
846:
757:
612:
604:
601:Thutmose III smiting his Asiatic enemies
596:
453:
387:
199:
191:
175:
167:
159:
37:
29:
950:
874:"Collezione online - Statua di Seti II"
517:The sanctuary was built in the time of
377:
239:
14:
1389:
945:Amenhotep III, Egypt's radiant pharaoh
617:The Sacred Lake of Precinct of Amun-Re
1190:
1079:The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt
857:
843:
544:, was discovered in the early 1980s.
469:In a narrow court, there are several
533:A pillar inscribed with the name of
450:Thutmose I and Hatshepsut's obelisks
124:History of the Karnak Temple complex
62:enclosures that make up the immense
769:
719:
592:
392:Columns of the Great Hypostyle Hall
299:
196:Temple of Ramses III, main entrance
24:
1113:
947:, Cambridge University Press 2012.
805:
335:
132:complex is largely the history of
25:
1413:
795:
735:
587:Botanical garden of Thutmosis III
155:
102:. Also found in that area is the
1301:Botanical garden of Thutmose III
1250:
644:
280:These were built in the time of
1071:
1049:
1039:
1029:
999:
698:
669:
661:
462:between the 3rd and 4th Pylon,
446:most scholars now reject this.
357:
275:
211:
1077:Wilkinson, Richard H. (2000).
937:
928:
904:
880:
866:
727:
703:
686:
681:
513:Sanctuary of Philip Arrhidaeus
500:
423:
251:
13:
1:
1296:Festival Hall of Thutmose III
1121:Karnak: Evolution of a Temple
1088:
558:Festival Hall of Thutmose III
552:Festival Hall of Thutmose III
505:The Sixth Pylon was built by
420:in the year 21 of his reign.
1081:. Thames & Hudson. p. 64
629:First Court (Cachette Court)
263:
224:, collectively known as the
7:
801:Chapel of Osiris / Heqadjet
10:
1418:
1216:
809:
773:
739:
555:
381:
339:
121:
117:
58:, is one of the four main
1353:
1337:
1321:
1309:
1266:
1259:
1248:
1224:
916:The University of Memphis
892:The University of Memphis
764:Temple of the Hearing Ear
529:Middle-Kingdom Structures
222:Third Intermediate Period
1366:Great Karnak Inscription
836:
104:Akhenaten Temple Project
1138:, Methuen, London, 1910
912:"Department of History"
888:"Department of History"
742:Temple of Ptah (Karnak)
489:Fourth and Fifth Pylons
473:, one which dates from
284:, and are dedicated to
172:Bark shrines of Seti II
1345:Temple of Amenhotep IV
812:Karnak Open Air Museum
714:Temple of Amenhotep IV
618:
610:
602:
581:. In this temple, the
569:The Festival Hall (or
466:
443:
393:
320:Temple of Ramesses III
205:
197:
189:
173:
165:
108:Temple of Amenhotep IV
43:
35:
1397:Karnak temple complex
1173:25.71861°N 32.65861°E
1141:Strudwick, N & H
959:Brand (1999) pp113-34
758:Temple of Ramesses II
616:
608:
600:
457:
438:
391:
352:Twenty-second Dynasty
314:Ptolemy IV Philopator
203:
195:
179:
171:
163:
64:Karnak Temple Complex
42:First pylon of Karnak
41:
33:
1276:Great Hypostyle Hall
943:Arielle P. Kozloff:
712:from the dismantled
493:These were built by
384:Great Hypostyle Hall
378:Great Hypostyle Hall
240:Corridor of Sphinxes
1169: /
400:, and completed by
128:The history of the
48:Precinct of Amun-Re
18:Precinct of Amon-Re
1178:25.71861; 32.65861
1119:Blyth, Elizabeth.
987:on 15 October 2008
762:Also known as the
658:around 1903-1905.
619:
611:
603:
467:
396:This was begun by
394:
206:
198:
190:
174:
166:
44:
36:
1384:
1383:
1333:
1332:
1129:978-0-203-96837-6
519:Philip Arrhidaeus
74:, in the form of
27:Building in Egypt
16:(Redirected from
1409:
1371:Karnak king list
1291:Bubastite Portal
1286:Temple of Khonsu
1264:
1263:
1254:
1211:
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1134:Weigall, A.E.P.
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1013:. Archived from
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983:. Archived from
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863:Blyth, 1996, p.9
861:
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854:Blyth, 1996, p.7
852:
776:Temple of Khonsu
770:Temple of Khonsu
720:Other Structures
593:North/South Axis
583:Karnak king list
300:Kiosk of Taharqa
226:Nile Level Texts
138:Eleventh Dynasty
21:
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1237:Open Air Museum
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1143:Thebes in Egypt
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977:"Temple d'Amon"
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689:
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674:Constructed by
672:
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656:Georges Legrain
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635:Georges Legrain
631:
623:Precinct of Mut
609:The Ninth Pylon
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531:
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458:The obelisk of
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342:Bubastis Portal
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336:Bubastis Portal
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50:, located near
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819:Chapelle Rouge
810:Main article:
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796:Temple of Opet
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790:Harris Papyrus
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270:22nd Dynasty
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258:30th Dynasty
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182:Museo Egizio
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68:Theban Triad
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1338:Aten Temple
1176: /
782:New Kingdom
728:Sacred Lake
704:Tenth Pylon
687:Ninth Pylon
682:Third Court
501:Sixth Pylon
483:sacred lake
424:Third Pylon
410:Ramesses II
402:Ramesses II
252:First Pylon
164:First pylon
1391:Categories
1164:32°39′31″E
1161:25°43′07″N
1089:References
1063:16 January
921:2018-02-24
897:2018-02-24
831:Senusret I
825:, and the
823:Hatshepsut
676:Hatshepsut
495:Thutmose I
479:Hatshepsut
475:Thutmose I
460:Thutmose I
348:Shoshenq I
332:looks on.
310:Psamtik II
232:temple at
1260:Precincts
752:Ptolemies
639:Ptolemaic
372:Ptolemaic
350:, of the
264:Forecourt
112:Akhenaten
1151:(French)
1021:1 August
1007:"Egypte"
991:1 August
693:Horemheb
571:Akh-menu
535:Intef II
471:obelisks
418:Hittites
150:Ipet-Sut
146:Intef II
1354:Related
1268:Amun-Re
1232:History
1225:General
1046:presse.
710:Talatat
575:Hed-Sed
542:pharaoh
374:times.
330:Amun-Re
306:Taharqa
282:Seti II
218:tribune
118:History
76:Amun-Re
1328:
1316:
1218:Karnak
1127:
406:Seti I
398:Seti I
294:Khonsu
292:, and
230:Hathor
186:Louvre
134:Thebes
130:Karnak
100:Karnak
84:pylons
60:temple
1311:Montu
837:Notes
537:, an
246:pylon
142:Montu
92:Khons
56:Egypt
52:Luxor
1402:Amun
1125:ISBN
1065:2018
1023:2022
993:2022
312:and
286:Amun
96:Opet
94:and
72:Amun
46:The
1323:Mut
829:of
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290:Mut
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