455:
55:
239:, where the leaves are opposite or whorled. In many species, all the leaves are submerged, and in these cases, they are typically thin and translucent. Some species, especially in ponds and very slow-moving waters, have floating leaves which tend to be opaque with a leathery texture. Leaf shape has been found to be highly plastic, with variability due to changes in light, water chemistry, planting depth, sediment conditions, temperature, photo period, waves, and seasonality. All
2062:
seeds are viable after passing through the digestive tracts of birds and this mechanism is probably the only natural mechanism for long-distance dispersal between isolated water bodies. Vegetative propagation occurs by a variety of mechanisms including turions, and via growth and fragmentation of rhizomes and shoots. Vegetative reproduction is evidently an effective means of ensuring local persistence, as sterile hybrids have been recorded at some sites for over 100 years.
33:
477:
alone, and more than 50 worldwide, of which 36 have been confirmed using genetic techniques. The majority of these are sterile, but many are long-lived and may occur in the absence of one or even both parents. Most hybrids have been described between broad-leaved species, but this probably reflects
250:
The flowers, which are often overlooked, are greenish-brown and are composed of four rounded segments borne in a spike. They are 2–4 merous, with superior ovaries and anthers that turn outward. The fruits are spheroidal and green to brown, usually 1–3 mm in diameter, with a noticeable 'beak'.
2061:
Reproduction of pondweeds occurs both vegetatively and by seed, though studies suggest that in some species or situations reproduction by seed is rare. The fruits may be produced in large quantities from midsumer onwards, and are ingested by waterfowl. Germination experiments have shown that the
525:
were published in 1898. His death intervened, and the work was completed by Arthur
Bennett (1843-1929), who named a large number of specimens sent to him from around the world. Robert Morgan (1863-1900) illustrated Fryer's contribution to the monograph, his colour plates drawing praise from later
217:
species range from large (stems of 6 m or more) to very small (less than 10 cm). Height is strongly influenced by environmental conditions, particularly water depth. All species are technically perennial, but some species disintegrate in autumn to a large number of asexually produced resting
445:
species are found worldwide in many aquatic ecosystems. However, the greatest diversity of species occurs in the northern hemisphere, especially in North
America, which is thought to be where the genus originated. Molecular evidence suggests that several independent colonizations of the southern
516:
flora was subsequently named during the late 18th and early 19th century. As botanists ventured further afield, pondweeds began to be collected and named from other parts of the world. The North
America flora was largely named by the start of the 20th century. Alfred Fryer became interested in
450:
populations show very low infrapopulation diversity, especially when living in deep, shaded or turbulent water where colonies do not expend energy on flowers. This has made it very difficult to use genetic data to find patterns of geographical differentiation.
247:, at the leaf axil. This may be wholly attached, partly attached, or free of the leaf, and it may have inrolled margins or appear as a tube. The morphology of the stipule is an important character for species identification. The stems have small scales.
478:
the relative scarcity of characters among fine-leaved taxa, so that hybrids are much more difficult to identify. Use of genetic markers suggests that hybrid taxa are also reasonably frequent among fine-leaved species. At least one species,
533:
from detailed measurements of dozens of vegetative, anatomical and reproductive characteristics such as fruit beak, peduncle rigidity and leaf apex across hundreds of specimens. It was a pioneering work that preceded the development of
425:
In a detailed review of the genus, Wiegleb and Kaplan recognised 69 species, but the variability of many species means that there is disagreement regarding the exact number of species. Currently, the number of accepted names is 94.
2065:
Although they occur in a range of environments, most species prefer standing or slow-flowing waters with some calcium and fairly low nutrient levels. In general the fine-leaved species are more tolerant of human impacts such as
2923:
2192:
Les, Donald H.; Murray, Nancy M.; Tippery, Nicholas P. (2009-12-01). "Systematics of Two
Imperiled Pondweeds (Potamogeton vaseyi, P. gemmiparus) and Taxonomic Ramifications for Subsection Pusilli (Potamogetonaceae)".
2943:
2444:
Zhang, Xiao-lin; Gituru, Robert W.; Yang, Chun-feng; Guo, You-hao (2009). "Variations of floral traits among different life forms illustrate the evolution of pollination systems in
Potamogeton species from China".
2500:
2308:
1770:
1960:
1890:
1950:
1910:
1790:
1750:
2501:
Lindqvist C., De Laet J., Haynes R.R., Aagesen L., Keener B.R., Albert V.A. 2006. Molecular phylogenetics of an aquatic plant lineage, Potamogetonaceae. Cladistics, 22, 568-588.
1990:
1930:
1700:
2030:
1980:
1970:
1920:
1810:
1780:
1760:
1690:
1613:
1563:
2690:
species (Potamogetonaceae) distributed in China: insights from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequence (ITS). Plant
Systematics and Evolution, 267, 65-78.
1021:
938:
2309:
Kaplan Z., Jarolímová V., Fehrer J, 2013. Revision of chromosome numbers of
Potamogetonaceae: a new basis for taxonomic and evolutionary implications. Preslia, 85, 421-482.
1880:
1603:
1390:
1380:
1330:
978:
689:
2000:
1940:
1900:
1870:
1820:
1663:
1633:
1623:
1593:
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1460:
1041:
619:
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2010:
1850:
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1730:
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1370:
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1270:
948:
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2020:
1653:
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1440:
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1084:
1031:
958:
918:
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1450:
1320:
1164:
1154:
1144:
1094:
968:
835:
815:
785:
538:
by more than 30 years, and his clustering of groups into broad-leaf and linear-leaf is still considered the framework for all subsequent classification systems of
549:
New species continue to be described from less well-studied areas such as Asia and Africa, and it is possible that molecular analysis may reveal hitherto unknown
2914:
UK Water
Framework Directive Technical Advisory Group (UKTAG). 2014. UKTAG River Assessment Method: Macrophytes and Phytobenthos: Macrophytes (River LEAFPACS2).
1500:
1430:
1400:
1350:
1280:
1207:
988:
669:
2934:
UK Water
Framework Directive Technical Advisory Group (UKTAG). 2014. UKTAG Lake Assessment Method: Macrophytes and Phytobenthos: Macrophytes (Lake LEAFPACS2).
1174:
755:
649:
609:
1237:
1227:
2070:. They are important as food and habitat for animals including insect larvae, water snails, ducks and other waterfowl, and aquatic mammals such as beavers.
855:
1051:
2385:
Iida, Satoko; Kosuge, Keiko; Kadono, Yasuro (2004). "Molecular phylogeny of
Japanese Potamogeton species in light of noncoding chloroplast sequences".
1510:
865:
2789:
Les, Donald H.; Sheridan, Donna J.; Hagström (1990). "Hagström's Concept of Phylogenetic Relationships in Potamogeton L. (Potamogetonaceae)".
3285:
2967:
2739:
546:(1873-1950) who created a detailed phylogeny for the linear-leaved species, and by Eugene Ogden who did so for the broad-leaved species.
3334:
3121:
3207:
3259:
3220:
2488:
Preston C.D. (1995). Pondweeds of Great Britain and Ireland. BSBI Handbook No. 8. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London.
371:
The genus is generally divided into two groups: broad-leaved and linear-leaved. The broad-leaved group includes such species as
355:
as closely related genera. Some researchers have used molecular analysis and pollen grain shape to argue for the placement of
2939:
2919:
2279:
SORSA, PENTTI (1988). "Pollen morphology of Potamogeton and Groenlandia (Potamogetonaceae) and its taxonomic significance".
3264:
2325:
Lindqvist, Charlotte; De Laet, Jan; Haynes, Robert R.; Aagesen, Lone; Keener, Brian R.; Albert, Victor A. (2006-12-01).
3116:
2577:
Kaplan, Z.; Štěpánek, J. (2003-06-01). "Genetic variation within and between populations of Potamogeton pusillus agg".
222:, which serve both as a means of overwintering and dispersal. Turions may be borne on the rhizome, on the stem, or on
3409:
3388:
3290:
3246:
2955:
3352:
3383:
361:
at the genus level, but others have argued there is not enough difference to justify the change, and have kept
1573:
3272:
3447:
3095:
3090:
3077:
3199:
3173:
2159:
1710:
54:
3347:
2548:
1260:
1197:
336:
1740:
3414:
3300:
3225:
2824:
Fernald, M. L. (1932). "The Linear-Leaved North American Species of Potamogeton, Section Axillares".
2552:
1420:
775:
2599:
2135:
2127:
1290:
1104:
722:
480:
414:
into this grouping. These general divisions have been supported by molecular analysis, except that
3442:
3339:
3194:
1184:
928:
629:
599:
579:
298:
274:
41:
3326:
3168:
3020:
2594:
1490:
1217:
1011:
875:
765:
709:
543:
286:
268:
262:
2743:
3321:
3313:
3058:
2963:
1300:
1124:
1114:
885:
795:
745:
699:
292:
3437:
3186:
3129:
2833:
2586:
2454:
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2237:
1540:
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825:
256:
2533:
8:
2765:
2078:
1470:
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1134:
1074:
845:
732:
589:
401:
280:
3160:
2837:
2590:
2458:
2398:
2241:
454:
3396:
3181:
2849:
2806:
2620:
2364:
2288:
2261:
2228:
Kaplan, Zdenek (2002-06-01). "Phenotypic plasticity inPotamogeton (Potamogetonaceae)".
2210:
1530:
1061:
998:
908:
521:
in the 1880s, and was a recognised authority on the genus. The first parts of his work
431:
49:
2993:
3308:
3103:
2935:
2915:
2686:
Wang Q.D., Zhang T., Wang J.B. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships and hybrid origin of
2612:
2356:
2348:
2343:
2326:
2253:
188:
2624:
2368:
2265:
2214:
3401:
3108:
2880:
2841:
2798:
2771:
2604:
2462:
2402:
2338:
2245:
2202:
427:
318:
177:
125:
3069:
2715:
2466:
2406:
3082:
2767:
Details - Critical researches on the potamogetons - Biodiversity Heritage Library
550:
219:
92:
3375:
3277:
2669:
hybrids really so rare? Molecular evidence for multiple hybridizations between
2542:
2206:
2106:. The closeness to a fresh water source as well as cover from predators allows
2067:
446:
hemisphere have occurred. However, due to their self-propagation from turions,
196:
173:
79:
2608:
3431:
3043:
2616:
2420:
2352:
2257:
2094:
1252:
1189:
1066:
1003:
890:
737:
714:
505:
474:
314:
142:
105:
2904:
Balbis growing in disturbed habitats. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 27, 115-127.
2775:
3365:
2699:
2360:
2074:
341:
328:
2869:"The broad-leaved species of Potamogeton of North America North of Mexico"
32:
3233:
3052:
323:
235:
233:
The leaves are alternate, which contrasts with the closely related genus
230:. In some cases the turions are the only means to differentiate species.
181:
115:
2853:
2292:
473:
species hybridise freely. At least 27 hybrids have been observed in the
3212:
2810:
2327:"Molecular phylogenetics of an aquatic plant lineage, Potamogetonaceae"
2249:
535:
226:
from the rhizome. Most species, however, persist by perennial creeping
2971:
3238:
3155:
3142:
2885:
2868:
2845:
2704:
L. species and hybrids described by Alfred Fryer. Watsonia, 17 23-35.
2102:
genera have been found to inhabit and mate around certain species of
357:
3251:
3014:
2802:
3360:
3037:
347:
227:
3147:
2900:
Brux H., Todeskino D, Wiegleb G. 1987. Growth and reproduction of
244:
187:, although many unrelated plants may be called pondweed, such as
2128:"Jepson Manual treatment for Potamogetonaceae (Pondweed Family)"
3134:
278:). Broad-leaved taxa are mainly tetraploid, with 2n = 52 (e.g.
223:
195:). The genus name means "river neighbor", originating from the
570:
254:
Most fine-leaved pondweeds are diploid, with 2n = 26 (such as
3000:
Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health. May 4, 2010
2324:
169:
66:
2873:
Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University
565:
The following list is based on the latest listing of valid
251:
Their pollen is inaperturate, monad, apolar and spherical.
2641:
hybrids from China: Evidence from a comparison of plastid
2677:
in Central Europe. Nordic Journal of Botany, 28, 257-261.
2514:
Wiegleb G., Kaplan Z. 1998. An account of the species of
2665:
Zalewska-Galosz J., Ronikier M. 2010. Are linear-leaved
461:
from a peat bog in Konkan, Maharashtra State of India
2826:
Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
2092:
is often a common habitat for insects. For example,
2788:
2134:. University & Jepson Herbaria; Regents of the
383:. The linear-leaved group includes such species as
2443:
523:The Potamogetons (Pond Weeds) of the British Isles
492:Several species of European pondweeds, including
3429:
2384:
2191:
243:have a delicate membranous sheathing scale, the
484:, is thought to have arisen via hybridisation.
2576:
1551:
556:
418:clusters with broad-leaved species in section
2770:. Almqvist & Wiksells Boktryckeri-A.-B.
2125:
2077:, but a few can become troublesome, such as
406:however more recent research has also added
2962:. Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants;
2637:Ito, Y., and Nr. Tanaka (2013) Additional
2510:
2508:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2476:
176:, mostly freshwater, plants of the family
31:
2884:
2598:
2545:; Version 1.1 (published on the internet)
2342:
2088:In relation to the ecosystem as a whole,
542:Hagström's work was developed further by
399:historically contained only one species,
2928:
2763:
2651:APG: Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica
453:
2908:
2823:
2505:
2496:
2494:
2473:
531:Critical researches on the Potamogetons
290:), but a few species are diploid (e.g.
3430:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2304:
2302:
2227:
3019:
3018:
2986:
2866:
2693:
2572:
2570:
2278:
2154:
2152:
3389:35c8dc2e-2507-43f4-b9c5-02c0b874577a
3301:9e160227-0e8d-4f85-babe-a71dd770f9a4
2948:
2893:
2680:
2491:
2380:
2378:
2320:
2318:
2316:
943:J.B.He, L.Y.Zhou & H.Q.Wang 1988
840:Y.H.Guo, X.Z.Sun & H.Q.Wang 1985
487:
430:provides an added complexity to the
321:. Molecular analysis has identified
2659:
2631:
2521:
2299:
2119:
13:
3353:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005042-2
2567:
2149:
529:In 1916, Johan Hagström published
14:
3459:
2879:(147): 57–105, 119–163, 171–216.
2518:L. Folia Geobotanica, 33, 241-316
2375:
2313:
1169:R.R.Haynes & Holm-Niels. 1982
2344:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2006.00124.x
584:Link ex Roem. & Schult. 1818
53:
2860:
2817:
2782:
2757:
2732:
2708:
2579:Plant Systematics and Evolution
2437:
1975:Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz
1771:P. × lanceolatifolius
437:
2764:Hagström, Johan Oskar (1916).
2421:"Angiosperm Phylogeny Website"
2413:
2272:
2221:
2185:
1961:P. × sparganiifolius
512:in 1753. Much of the European
1:
2740:"Fryer, Alfred (1826 – 1912)"
2649:and nuclear ITS phylogenies.
2467:10.1016/j.aquabot.2008.07.006
2407:10.1016/j.aquabot.2004.08.005
2113:
1891:P. × philippinensis
963:P.I.Dorof. & Tzvelev 1983
296:or octaploid (2n = 104; e.g.
209:
1951:P. × scoliophyllus
1911:P. × pseudofriesii
1791:P. × leptocephalus
1751:P. × kamogawaensis
1574:P. × angustifolius
1139:Hellq. & R.L.Hilton 1983
7:
2098:and other insects from the
1991:P. × sudermanicus
1931:P. × salicifolius
1701:P. × gessnacensis
1485:F.Muell. & A.Benn. 1892
1109:Mert. & W.D.J.Koch 1823
305:
10:
3464:
2549:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2207:10.1600/036364409790139727
2056:
2031:P. × variifolius
2015:(Bojer ex A.Benn.) Hagstr.
1981:P. × subsessilis
1971:P. × spathulatus
1921:P. × rectifolius
1811:P. × malainoides
1781:P. × lanceolatus
1761:P. × kyushuensis
1691:P. × franconicus
1614:P. × babingtonii
1564:P. × anguillanus
465:
337:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
3027:
2609:10.1007/s00606-002-0252-7
2553:Missouri Botanical Garden
2045:A.A.Bobrov & Chemeris
1881:P. × orientalis
1711:P. × griffithii
1604:P. × attenuatus
1495:Cham. & Schltdl. 1827
1385:(J.W.Robbins) Morong 1893
1212:Cham. & Schltdl. 1827
1036:Cham. & Schltdl. 1827
313:is a genus of freshwater
154:
149:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
2281:Annales Botanici Fennici
2136:University of California
2001:P. × undulatus
1941:P. × schreberi
1901:P. × prussicus
1871:P. × olivaceus
1821:P. × mariensis
1741:P. × inbaensis
1664:P. × concilius
1634:P. × cadburyae
1624:P. × billupsii
1594:P. × argutulus
1089:Kadono & T.Nog. 1991
180:. Most are known by the
2776:10.5962/bhl.title.50448
2700:Preston C.D. 1988. The
2041:P. × vepsicus
2011:P. × vaginans
1851:P. × nerviger
1841:P. × nericius
1831:P. × mysticus
1801:P. × lintonii
1731:P. × haynesii
1721:P. × grovesii
1681:P. × fluitans
1644:P. × cognatus
1325:Mäemets 1978 publ. 1979
1022:P. mandschuriensis
939:P. intortusifolius
750:Regel & Maack, 1861
266:) or less commonly 28 (
42:Potamogeton perfoliatus
16:Genus of aquatic plants
2994:"Curly leaf pondweed:
2970:. 2011. Archived from
2942:. Available online at
2922:. Available online at
2867:Ogden, Eugene (1943).
2168:Flora of North America
2021:P. × varians
1775:(Tiselius) C.D.Preston
1654:P. × cooperi
1584:P. × apertus
1391:P. spirilliformis
1381:P. spathuliformis
1331:P. schweinfurthii
1261:P. quinquenervius
1198:P. polygonifolius
1026:(A.Benn.) A.Benn. 1924
979:P. lacunatifolius
690:P. chongyangensis
462:
3322:Paleobiology Database
2964:University of Florida
2126:Thorne, R.F. (2012).
2073:Most species are not
1861:P. × nitens
1735:Hellq. & G.E.Crow
1671:P. × faurei
1525:A.Benn. & Graebn.
1461:P. tennesseensis
1421:P. strictifolius
1042:P. montevidensis
776:P. diversifolius
620:P. australiensis
459:Potamegeton coloratus
457:
2974:on February 17, 2010
2132:Jepson Manual Online
1915:Dandy & G.Taylor
1765:Kadono & Wiegleb
1725:Dandy & G.Taylor
1638:Dandy & G.Taylor
1521:P. uruguayensis
1481:P. tricarinatus
1411:P. stenostachys
1371:P. solomonensis
1341:P. sclerocarpus
1295:(A.Benn.) Rydb. 1905
1291:P. richardsonii
1271:P. reniacoensis
1105:P. obtusifolius
949:P. iriomotensis
899:P. heterocaulis
723:P. confervoides
660:P. brasiliensis
2996:Potamogeton crispus
2902:Potamogeton alpinus
2838:1932MAAAS..17....1F
2720:www.watsonia.org.uk
2591:2003PSyEv.239...95K
2459:2009AqBot..90..124Z
2399:2004AqBot..80..115I
2242:2002FolGe..37..141K
2083:Potamogeton crispus
2079:curly-leaf pondweed
1648:Asch. & Graebn.
1441:P. suboblongus
1361:P. skvortsovii
1185:P. perfoliatus
1085:P. nomotoensis
1032:P. marianensis
959:P. juzepczukii
929:P. illinoensis
919:P. hoggarensis
806:P. ferrugineus
680:P. cheesemanii
640:P. bicupulatus
630:P. berchtoldii
600:P. amplifolius
580:P. acutifolius
504:, were included in
402:Potamogeton crispus
3448:Alismatales genera
2250:10.1007/bf02804229
2052:List source :
1875:Baagøe ex G.Fisch.
1491:P. trichoides
1451:P. sumatranus
1321:P. sarmaticus
1218:P. praelongus
1165:P. paramoanus
1155:P. papuanicus
1145:P. oxyphyllus
1095:P. oakesianus
1012:P. maackianus
969:P. kashiensis
876:P. gemmiparus
836:P. fontigenus
816:P. floridanus
786:P. drummondii
766:P. distinctus
710:P. compressus
463:
3425:
3424:
3309:Open Tree of Life
3021:Taxon identifiers
2940:978-1-906934-45-3
2920:978-1-906934-44-6
2230:Folia Geobotanica
2195:Systematic Botany
2046:
2036:
2026:
2016:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1966:
1956:
1946:
1936:
1926:
1916:
1906:
1896:
1886:
1876:
1866:
1856:
1846:
1836:
1826:
1816:
1806:
1796:
1786:
1776:
1766:
1756:
1746:
1736:
1726:
1716:
1706:
1696:
1686:
1676:
1659:
1649:
1639:
1629:
1619:
1609:
1599:
1589:
1579:
1569:
1546:
1536:
1526:
1516:
1506:
1501:P. tubulatus
1496:
1486:
1476:
1466:
1456:
1446:
1436:
1431:P. subnitens
1426:
1416:
1406:
1401:P. spirillus
1396:
1386:
1376:
1366:
1356:
1351:P. sibiricus
1346:
1336:
1326:
1316:
1306:
1301:P. robbinsii
1296:
1286:
1281:P. richardii
1276:
1266:
1256:
1243:
1233:
1223:
1213:
1208:P. polygonus
1203:
1193:
1180:
1170:
1160:
1150:
1140:
1130:
1125:P. octandrus
1120:
1115:P. ochreatus
1110:
1100:
1090:
1080:
1070:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
994:
989:P. linguatus
984:
974:
964:
954:
944:
934:
924:
914:
904:
894:
886:P. gramineus
881:
871:
861:
851:
841:
831:
821:
811:
801:
796:P. epihydrus
791:
781:
771:
761:
751:
746:P. cristatus
741:
728:
718:
705:
700:P. coloratus
695:
685:
675:
670:P. chamissoi
665:
655:
645:
635:
625:
615:
605:
595:
585:
510:Species Plantarum
488:Taxonomic history
365:as a subgenus of
193:Elodea canadensis
189:Canadian pondweed
161:
160:
156:80–100, see text
145:
3455:
3418:
3417:
3405:
3404:
3392:
3391:
3379:
3378:
3369:
3368:
3356:
3355:
3343:
3342:
3330:
3329:
3317:
3316:
3304:
3303:
3294:
3293:
3281:
3280:
3278:NHMSYS0000461992
3268:
3267:
3255:
3254:
3242:
3241:
3229:
3228:
3216:
3215:
3203:
3202:
3190:
3189:
3177:
3176:
3164:
3163:
3151:
3150:
3138:
3137:
3125:
3124:
3112:
3111:
3099:
3098:
3086:
3085:
3073:
3072:
3063:
3062:
3061:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2952:
2946:
2932:
2926:
2912:
2906:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:10.5962/p.336276
2864:
2858:
2857:
2846:10.2307/25058195
2821:
2815:
2814:
2786:
2780:
2779:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2742:. Archived from
2736:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2712:
2706:
2697:
2691:
2684:
2678:
2663:
2657:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2602:
2574:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2530:
2519:
2512:
2503:
2498:
2489:
2486:
2471:
2470:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2382:
2373:
2372:
2346:
2322:
2311:
2306:
2297:
2296:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2156:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2123:
2044:
2034:
2024:
2014:
2004:
1994:
1984:
1974:
1964:
1954:
1944:
1934:
1924:
1914:
1904:
1894:
1884:
1874:
1864:
1854:
1844:
1834:
1824:
1814:
1804:
1794:
1784:
1774:
1764:
1754:
1744:
1734:
1724:
1714:
1704:
1694:
1684:
1674:
1657:
1647:
1637:
1627:
1617:
1607:
1597:
1587:
1577:
1567:
1544:
1541:P. wrightii
1535:J.W.Robbins 1867
1534:
1524:
1514:
1504:
1494:
1484:
1474:
1464:
1454:
1444:
1434:
1424:
1414:
1404:
1394:
1384:
1374:
1364:
1354:
1344:
1334:
1324:
1314:
1304:
1294:
1284:
1274:
1264:
1251:
1248:P. pusillus
1241:
1231:
1221:
1211:
1201:
1188:
1178:
1175:P. parmatus
1168:
1158:
1148:
1138:
1128:
1118:
1108:
1099:J.W.Robbins 1867
1098:
1088:
1078:
1065:
1055:
1045:
1035:
1025:
1015:
1002:
992:
982:
972:
962:
952:
942:
932:
922:
912:
902:
889:
879:
869:
859:
849:
839:
829:
826:P. foliosus
819:
809:
799:
789:
779:
769:
759:
756:P. delavayi
749:
736:
726:
713:
703:
693:
683:
673:
663:
653:
650:P. biformis
643:
633:
623:
613:
610:P. antaicus
603:
593:
583:
319:Potamogetonaceae
178:Potamogetonaceae
141:
126:Potamogetonaceae
58:
57:
35:
21:
20:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3413:
3408:
3400:
3395:
3387:
3382:
3374:
3372:
3364:
3359:
3351:
3346:
3338:
3333:
3325:
3320:
3312:
3307:
3299:
3297:
3289:
3284:
3276:
3271:
3263:
3258:
3250:
3245:
3237:
3232:
3224:
3219:
3211:
3206:
3198:
3193:
3185:
3180:
3172:
3167:
3159:
3154:
3146:
3141:
3133:
3128:
3120:
3115:
3107:
3102:
3094:
3089:
3081:
3076:
3068:
3066:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3023:
3013:
3003:
3001:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2977:
2975:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2933:
2929:
2913:
2909:
2898:
2894:
2865:
2861:
2822:
2818:
2803:10.2307/1223179
2787:
2783:
2762:
2758:
2749:
2747:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2724:
2722:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2698:
2694:
2685:
2681:
2664:
2660:
2636:
2632:
2600:10.1.1.491.3110
2585:(1–2): 95–112.
2575:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2532:
2531:
2522:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2487:
2474:
2442:
2438:
2429:
2427:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2383:
2376:
2323:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2277:
2273:
2226:
2222:
2190:
2186:
2176:
2174:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2059:
2049:
1558:
1549:
1471:P. tepperi
1311:P. rutilus
1238:P. punense
1228:P. pulcher
1135:P. ogdenii
1075:P. nodosus
846:P. friesii
733:P. crispus
590:P. alpinus
563:
551:cryptic species
544:Merritt Fernald
490:
481:P. obtusifolius
468:
440:
308:
212:
140:
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3461:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3443:Aquatic plants
3440:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3406:
3402:wfo-4000031022
3393:
3380:
3370:
3357:
3344:
3331:
3318:
3305:
3295:
3282:
3269:
3256:
3243:
3230:
3217:
3204:
3191:
3178:
3165:
3152:
3139:
3126:
3113:
3100:
3087:
3074:
3064:
3049:
3033:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3012:
3011:
2985:
2947:
2944:Lakes Leafpacs
2927:
2924:River Leafpacs
2907:
2892:
2859:
2816:
2781:
2756:
2731:
2716:"BSBI Archive"
2707:
2692:
2679:
2671:P. acutifolius
2658:
2630:
2566:
2543:The Plant List
2520:
2504:
2490:
2472:
2453:(2): 124–128.
2447:Aquatic Botany
2436:
2412:
2393:(2): 115–127.
2387:Aquatic Botany
2374:
2337:(6): 568–588.
2312:
2298:
2287:(2): 179–199.
2271:
2236:(2): 141–170.
2220:
2201:(4): 643–651.
2184:
2148:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2068:eutrophication
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2027:
2017:
2007:
1997:
1987:
1977:
1967:
1957:
1947:
1937:
1927:
1917:
1907:
1897:
1887:
1877:
1867:
1857:
1847:
1837:
1827:
1817:
1807:
1797:
1787:
1777:
1767:
1757:
1747:
1737:
1727:
1717:
1707:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1675:(A.Benn.) Miki
1667:
1660:
1650:
1640:
1630:
1620:
1610:
1600:
1590:
1580:
1570:
1559:
1557:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1537:
1531:P. vaseyi
1527:
1517:
1507:
1497:
1487:
1477:
1467:
1457:
1447:
1437:
1427:
1417:
1407:
1397:
1387:
1377:
1375:G.Wiegleb 1993
1367:
1357:
1347:
1337:
1327:
1317:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1277:
1267:
1257:
1244:
1234:
1224:
1214:
1204:
1194:
1181:
1171:
1161:
1159:G.Wiegleb 1993
1151:
1141:
1131:
1121:
1111:
1101:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1062:P. natans
1058:
1048:
1038:
1028:
1018:
1008:
999:P. lucens
995:
985:
975:
965:
955:
945:
935:
925:
915:
909:P. hillii
905:
895:
882:
872:
862:
856:P. fryeri
852:
842:
832:
822:
812:
802:
792:
782:
772:
762:
752:
742:
729:
719:
706:
696:
686:
676:
666:
656:
646:
636:
626:
616:
606:
596:
586:
575:
571:The Plant List
562:
555:
489:
486:
467:
464:
439:
436:
393:P. berchtoldii
377:P. perfoliatus
353:Pseudoalthenia
315:aquatic plants
307:
304:
299:P. illinoensis
275:P. acutifolius
211:
208:
159:
158:
152:
151:
147:
146:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
103:
96:
95:
90:
83:
82:
77:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3460:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3416:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3367:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3292:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3065:
3060:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3017:
2999:
2997:
2989:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2959:
2951:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2931:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2903:
2896:
2887:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2863:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2785:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2760:
2746:on 2012-03-03
2745:
2741:
2735:
2721:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2683:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2634:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2573:
2571:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2537:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2517:
2511:
2509:
2502:
2497:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2440:
2426:
2425:www.mobot.org
2422:
2416:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2381:
2379:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2275:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2224:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2188:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2163:
2155:
2153:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2118:
2111:
2109:
2108:C. annularius
2105:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2095:C. annularius
2091:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2069:
2063:
2051:
2050:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1965:Laest. ex Fr.
1963:
1962:
1958:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1658:(Fryer) Fryer
1656:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1515:K.Schum. 1894
1513:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1415:K.Schum. 1894
1413:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1365:Klinkova 1993
1363:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1345:K.Schum. 1894
1343:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:Y.D.Chen 1987
1054:
1053:
1052:P. nanus
1049:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
1000:
996:
991:
990:
986:
981:
980:
976:
973:Z.S.Diao 1995
971:
970:
966:
961:
960:
956:
951:
950:
946:
941:
940:
936:
931:
930:
926:
921:
920:
916:
911:
910:
906:
903:Z.S.Diao 1994
901:
900:
896:
892:
888:
887:
883:
878:
877:
873:
868:
867:
863:
858:
857:
853:
848:
847:
843:
838:
837:
833:
828:
827:
823:
818:
817:
813:
808:
807:
803:
798:
797:
793:
788:
787:
783:
778:
777:
773:
770:A. Benn. 1904
768:
767:
763:
758:
757:
753:
748:
747:
743:
739:
735:
734:
730:
725:
724:
720:
716:
712:
711:
707:
702:
701:
697:
694:W.X.Wang 1984
692:
691:
687:
682:
681:
677:
672:
671:
667:
662:
661:
657:
652:
651:
647:
642:
641:
637:
632:
631:
627:
622:
621:
617:
612:
611:
607:
602:
601:
597:
592:
591:
587:
582:
581:
577:
576:
574:
572:
569:taxa held on
568:
560:
554:
552:
547:
545:
541:
537:
532:
527:
524:
520:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
485:
483:
482:
476:
475:British Isles
472:
460:
456:
452:
449:
444:
435:
433:
429:
428:Hybridisation
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
408:P. maackianus
405:
403:
398:
397:Batrachoseris
394:
390:
389:P. compressus
386:
382:
378:
374:
369:
368:
364:
360:
359:
354:
350:
349:
345:
343:
338:
335:although the
334:
330:
326:
325:
320:
316:
312:
303:
301:
300:
295:
294:
289:
288:
287:P. praelongus
283:
282:
277:
276:
271:
270:
269:P. compressus
265:
264:
263:P. trichoides
259:
258:
252:
248:
246:
242:
238:
237:
231:
229:
225:
221:
216:
207:
205:
201:
198:
194:
190:
186:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
166:
157:
153:
148:
144:
139:
138:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
80:Tracheophytes
78:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
3028:
3002:. Retrieved
2995:
2988:
2976:. Retrieved
2972:the original
2957:
2956:"Pondweeds:
2950:
2930:
2910:
2901:
2895:
2876:
2872:
2862:
2832:(1): 1–183.
2829:
2825:
2819:
2797:(1): 41–58.
2794:
2790:
2784:
2766:
2759:
2748:. Retrieved
2744:the original
2734:
2723:. Retrieved
2719:
2710:
2701:
2695:
2687:
2682:
2675:P.compressus
2674:
2670:
2666:
2661:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2633:
2582:
2578:
2559:November 16,
2557:. Retrieved
2541:
2535:
2515:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2428:. Retrieved
2424:
2415:
2390:
2386:
2334:
2330:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2233:
2229:
2223:
2198:
2194:
2187:
2175:. Retrieved
2171:
2167:
2161:
2139:. Retrieved
2131:
2121:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2090:Potamogeton
2089:
2087:
2082:
2072:
2064:
2060:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1969:
1959:
1949:
1939:
1929:
1919:
1909:
1899:
1889:
1879:
1869:
1859:
1849:
1839:
1829:
1819:
1809:
1799:
1789:
1779:
1769:
1759:
1749:
1739:
1729:
1719:
1709:
1699:
1689:
1679:
1669:
1662:
1652:
1642:
1632:
1622:
1612:
1602:
1592:
1582:
1572:
1562:
1553:
1539:
1529:
1519:
1511:P. ulei
1509:
1505:Hagstr. 1922
1499:
1489:
1479:
1475:A.Benn. 1887
1469:
1465:Fernald 1936
1459:
1449:
1445:Hagstr. 1916
1439:
1435:Hagstr. 1916
1429:
1425:A.Benn. 1902
1419:
1409:
1399:
1395:Hagstr. 1916
1389:
1379:
1369:
1359:
1355:A.Benn. 1890
1349:
1339:
1335:A.Benn. 1901
1329:
1319:
1309:
1299:
1289:
1279:
1269:
1265:Hagstr. 1916
1259:
1246:
1242:A.Galán 1988
1236:
1226:
1216:
1206:
1196:
1183:
1179:Hagstr. 1908
1173:
1163:
1153:
1143:
1133:
1123:
1113:
1103:
1093:
1083:
1073:
1060:
1050:
1046:A.Benn. 1892
1040:
1030:
1020:
1016:A.Benn. 1904
1010:
997:
993:Hagstr. 1901
987:
977:
967:
957:
947:
937:
927:
917:
907:
897:
884:
874:
870:A.Benn. 1892
866:P. gayi
864:
860:A.Benn. 1907
854:
844:
834:
824:
814:
810:Hagstr. 1916
804:
794:
784:
774:
764:
760:A.Benn. 1892
754:
744:
731:
721:
708:
704:Hornem. 1813
698:
688:
684:A.Benn. 1883
678:
674:A.Benn. 1904
668:
664:A.Benn. 1910
658:
654:Hagstr. 1916
648:
644:Fernald 1932
638:
628:
624:A.Benn. 1910
618:
614:Hagstr. 1916
608:
598:
588:
578:
566:
564:
558:
548:
540:Potamogeton.
539:
530:
528:
522:
518:
513:
509:
501:
497:
493:
491:
479:
470:
469:
458:
447:
442:
441:
438:Distribution
424:
419:
415:
412:P. robbinsii
411:
407:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
370:
367:Potamogeton.
366:
362:
356:
352:
346:
342:Zannichellia
340:
333:Potamogeton,
332:
329:sister group
322:
310:
309:
297:
293:P. coloratus
291:
285:
279:
273:
267:
261:
255:
253:
249:
240:
234:
232:
218:buds called
214:
213:
206:(neighbor).
203:
202:(river) and
199:
192:
184:
164:
163:
162:
155:
136:
135:
99:
86:
73:
40:
24:
18:
3438:Potamogeton
3234:iNaturalist
3187:Potamogeton
3122:Potamogeton
3059:Potamogeton
3053:Wikispecies
3029:Potamogeton
2958:Potamogeton
2702:Potamogeton
2688:Potamogeton
2667:Potamogeton
2639:Potamogeton
2536:Potamogeton
2516:Potamogeton
2162:Potamogeton
2110:to thrive.
2104:Potamogeton
2100:Chironomus
1554:Potamogeton
1545:Morong 1886
1315:Wolfg. 1827
1275:Sparre 1956
1222:Wulfen 1805
1202:Pourr. 1788
983:Papch. 2001
953:Masam. 1934
933:Morong 1880
913:Morong 1881
790:Benth. 1878
634:Fieber 1838
567:Potamogeton
559:Potamogeton
519:Potamogeton
514:Potamogeton
471:Potamogeton
448:Potamogeton
443:Potamogeton
420:Potamogeton
339:also lists
324:Groenlandia
311:Potamogeton
257:P. pusillus
241:Potamogeton
236:Groenlandia
215:Potamogeton
182:common name
165:Potamogeton
137:Potamogeton
116:Alismatales
93:Angiosperms
25:Potamogeton
3432:Categories
3252:30005042-2
3004:January 6,
2978:January 6,
2750:2012-03-01
2725:2017-02-01
2430:2017-12-07
2331:Cladistics
2177:January 6,
2141:January 6,
2114:References
1405:Tuck. 1848
1305:Oakes 1841
1285:Solms 1867
1232:Tuck. 1843
1129:Poir. 1816
1119:Raoul 1844
1079:Poir. 1816
923:Dandy 1937
850:Rupr. 1845
820:Small 1903
727:Rchb. 1845
604:Tuck. 1848
594:Balb. 1804
536:cladistics
502:P. crispus
416:P. crispus
385:P. rutilus
381:P. alpinus
281:P. alpinus
210:Morphology
3156:FloraBase
2617:0378-2697
2595:CiteSeerX
2353:1096-0031
2258:1211-9520
1455:Miq. 1861
1149:Miq. 1867
830:Raf. 1811
800:Raf. 1811
780:Raf. 1811
526:critics.
498:P. lucens
494:P. natans
395:. Series
373:P. natans
363:Stuckenia
358:Stuckenia
63:Kingdom:
3384:VicFlora
3373:VASCAN:
3366:40015410
3361:Tropicos
3117:eFloraSA
3038:Wikidata
2960:species"
2854:25058195
2625:27736044
2369:86085070
2361:34892900
2293:23725722
2266:25844796
2215:52997789
1945:G.Fisch.
1705:G.Fisch.
1695:G.Fisch.
1552:List of
557:List of
506:Linnaeus
432:taxonomy
348:Althenia
306:Taxonomy
228:rhizomes
185:pondweed
150:Species
122:Family:
106:Monocots
3314:1048840
3213:2756560
3044:Q161728
2834:Bibcode
2811:1223179
2654:64 (1):
2587:Bibcode
2455:Bibcode
2395:Bibcode
2238:Bibcode
2057:Ecology
1995:Hagstr.
1985:Hagstr.
1955:Hagstr.
1925:A.Benn.
1905:Hagstr.
1895:A.Benn.
1885:Hagstr.
1845:Hagstr.
1715:A.Benn.
1618:A.Benn.
1608:Hagstr.
1598:Hagstr.
1578:J.Presl
1556:hybrids
880:Robbins
561:species
466:Hybrids
327:as the
317:in the
245:stipule
224:stolons
220:turions
200:potamos
174:aquatic
132:Genus:
112:Order:
67:Plantae
3415:416210
3335:PLANTS
3298:NZOR:
3200:126627
3174:126627
3135:108393
3096:121686
3070:193977
3067:APDB:
2938:
2918:
2852:
2809:
2623:
2615:
2597:
2555:. 2010
2367:
2359:
2351:
2291:
2264:
2256:
2213:
2025:Morong
2005:Wolfg.
1935:Wolfg.
1855:Wolfg.
1835:Morong
1825:Papch.
1795:Koidz.
1745:Kadono
1568:Koidz.
1255:. 1753
1192:. 1753
1069:. 1753
1006:. 1753
893:. 1753
740:. 1753
717:. 1753
204:geiton
3410:WoRMS
3340:POTAM
3327:83632
3291:13228
3265:39005
3239:59110
3182:FoAO2
3161:20924
3148:1PTMG
3109:8W2N8
3083:64367
2850:JSTOR
2807:JSTOR
2791:Taxon
2621:S2CID
2365:S2CID
2289:JSTOR
2262:S2CID
2211:S2CID
2075:weedy
2035:Thore
1865:Weber
1805:Fryer
1628:Fryer
197:Greek
170:genus
168:is a
100:Clade
87:Clade
74:Clade
3376:1585
3348:POWO
3286:NCBI
3260:ITIS
3247:IPNI
3226:9793
3221:GRIN
3208:GBIF
3143:EPPO
3091:BOLD
3078:APNI
3006:2012
2980:2012
2968:IFAS
2936:ISBN
2916:ISBN
2673:and
2656:1–14
2647:trnF
2643:trnT
2613:ISSN
2561:2014
2551:and
2357:PMID
2349:ISSN
2254:ISSN
2179:2012
2143:2012
1815:Miki
1755:Miki
1685:Roth
1588:Miki
500:and
410:and
391:and
379:and
351:and
3397:WFO
3273:NBN
3195:FoC
3169:FNA
3130:EoL
3104:CoL
2998:L."
2881:doi
2877:147
2842:doi
2799:doi
2772:doi
2605:doi
2583:239
2463:doi
2403:doi
2339:doi
2246:doi
2203:doi
2085:).
1785:Sm.
508:'s
331:to
302:).
260:or
172:of
3434::
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3399::
3386::
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3324::
3311::
3288::
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3236::
3223::
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3171::
3158::
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3119::
3106::
3093::
3080::
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2966:/
2875:.
2871:.
2848:.
2840:.
2830:17
2828:.
2805:.
2795:39
2793:.
2718:.
2619:.
2611:.
2603:.
2593:.
2581:.
2569:^
2547:.
2540:.
2523:^
2507:^
2493:^
2475:^
2461:.
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2329:.
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2283:.
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2813:.
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1067:L
1004:L
891:L
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715:L
404:,
344:,
191:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
