1440:
1601:
1462:'s chief engineer for field operations in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, examined the repair records for a number of refinery and chemical plants to obtain meaningful reliability data for centrifugal pumps. A total of 15 operating plants having nearly 15,000 pumps were included in the survey. The smallest of these plants had about 100 pumps; several plants had over 2000. All facilities were located in the United States. In addition, considered as "new", others as "renewed" and still others as "established". Many of these plants—but not all—had an alliance arrangement with John Crane. In some cases, the alliance contract included having a John Crane Inc. technician or engineer on-site to coordinate various aspects of the program.
1244:
774:
1236:
316:
1411:
having valves. In fact, many fluid-dynamical systems in nature and engineering more or less rely upon valveless pumping to transport the working fluids therein. For instance, blood circulation in the cardiovascular system is maintained to some extent even when the heart's valves fail. Meanwhile, the embryonic vertebrate heart begins pumping blood long before the development of discernible chambers and valves. Similar to blood circulation in one direction,
1585:
741:
518:
1223:. The fluid is pushed outward or inward to move fluid axially. They operate at much lower pressures and higher flow rates than radial-flow (centrifugal) pumps. Axial-flow pumps cannot be run up to speed without special precaution. If at a low flow rate, the total head rise and high torque associated with this pipe would mean that the starting torque would have to become a function of acceleration for the whole mass of liquid in the pipe system.
46:
510:
305:
2041:
1013:
803:
38:
1114:
2006:
to increase with flow rate up to a point midway through the operating range (peak efficiency or Best
Efficiency Point (BEP) ) and then declines as flow rates rise further. Pump performance data such as this is usually supplied by the manufacturer before pump selection. Pump efficiencies tend to decline over time due to wear (e.g. increasing clearances as impellers reduce in size).
1318:, they are commonly applied to volatile, hot, or cryogenic fluid transport. However, as tolerances are typically tight, they are vulnerable to solids or particles causing jamming or rapid wear. Efficiency is typically low, and pressure and power consumption typically decrease with flow. Additionally, pumping direction can be reversed by reversing direction of spin.
961:, or ripple graph of a pump transducer. The dynamic relationship of the high-pressure fluid and plunger generally requires high-quality plunger seals. Plunger pumps with a larger number of plungers have the benefit of increased flow, or smoother flow without a pulsation damper. The increase in moving parts and crankshaft load is one drawback.
939:
out of the discharge valve. Efficiency and common problems: With only one cylinder in plunger pumps, the fluid flow varies between maximum flow when the plunger moves through the middle positions, and zero flow when the plunger is at the end positions. A lot of energy is wasted when the fluid is accelerated in the piping system. Vibration and
1311:(fluid in the cavity outside of the blades) through the pressure port. In a regenerative turbine pump, as fluid spirals repeatedly from a vane into the side channel and back to the next vane, kinetic energy is imparted to the periphery, thus pressure builds with each spiral, in a manner similar to a regenerative blower.
1569:
1455:(MTBF) is of great importance to responsible and conscientious pump users. In view of that fact, the preface to the 2006 Pump User's Handbook alludes to "pump failure" statistics. For the sake of convenience, these failure statistics often are translated into MTBF (in this case, installed life before failure).
440:
490:, these have an eccentric cylindrical rotor encased in a circular housing. As the rotor orbits, it traps fluid between the rotor and the casing, drawing the fluid through the pump. It is used for highly viscous fluids like petroleum-derived products, and it can also support high pressures of up to 290 psi.
2005:
Pump efficiency is defined as the ratio of the power imparted on the fluid by the pump in relation to the power supplied to drive the pump. Its value is not fixed for a given pump, efficiency is a function of the discharge and therefore also operating head. For centrifugal pumps, the efficiency tends
1654:
protecting the water source from contaminated buckets. Pumps such as the
Afridev pump are designed to be cheap to build and install, and easy to maintain with simple parts. However, scarcity of spare parts for these type of pumps in some regions of Africa has diminished their utility for these areas.
1077:
Instead of a gas accumulation and releasing cycle, the pressure can be created by burning of hydrocarbons. Such combustion driven pumps directly transmit the impulse from a combustion event through the actuation membrane to the pump fluid. In order to allow this direct transmission, the pump needs to
758:
is a more complicated type of rotary pump that uses two or three screws with opposing thread — e.g., one screw turns clockwise and the other counterclockwise. The screws are mounted on parallel shafts that have gears that mesh so the shafts turn together and everything stays in place. The screws turn
329:
Some positive-displacement pumps use an expanding cavity on the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pump as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is constant through each cycle
2028:
Most large pumps have a minimum flow requirement below which the pump may be damaged by overheating, impeller wear, vibration, seal failure, drive shaft damage or poor performance. A minimum flow protection system ensures that the pump is not operated below the minimum flow rate. The system protects
1469:
Unscheduled maintenance is often one of the most significant costs of ownership, and failures of mechanical seals and bearings are among the major causes. Keep in mind the potential value of selecting pumps that cost more initially, but last much longer between repairs. The MTBF of a better pump may
1401:
irrigation in developing countries. Previously small steam engines have not been viable because of escalating inefficiencies as vapour engines decrease in size. However the use of modern engineering materials coupled with alternative engine configurations has meant that these types of system are now
1104:
The hydraulic ram is sometimes used in remote areas, where there is both a source of low-head hydropower, and a need for pumping water to a destination higher in elevation than the source. In this situation, the ram is often useful, since it requires no outside source of power other than the kinetic
938:
These consist of a cylinder with a reciprocating plunger. The suction and discharge valves are mounted in the head of the cylinder. In the suction stroke, the plunger retracts and the suction valves open causing suction of fluid into the cylinder. In the forward stroke, the plunger pushes the liquid
461:
The nature of the pump requires very close clearances between the rotating pump and the outer edge, making it rotate at a slow, steady speed. If rotary pumps are operated at high speeds, the fluids cause erosion, which eventually causes enlarged clearances that liquid can pass through, which reduces
1653:
Modern hand-operated community pumps are considered the most sustainable low-cost option for safe water supply in resource-poor settings, often in rural areas in developing countries. A hand pump opens access to deeper groundwater that is often not polluted and also improves the safety of a well by
1410:
Valveless pumping assists in fluid transport in various biomedical and engineering systems. In a valveless pumping system, no valves (or physical occlusions) are present to regulate the flow direction. The fluid pumping efficiency of a valveless system, however, is not necessarily lower than that
968:
Triplex pumps with shorter lifetimes are commonplace to the home user. A person who uses a home pressure washer for 10 hours a year may be satisfied with a pump that lasts 100 hours between rebuilds. Industrial-grade or continuous duty triplex pumps on the other end of the quality spectrum may run
820:
displaces the fluid trapped between two long helical rotors, each fitted into the other when perpendicular at 90°, rotating inside a triangular shaped sealing line configuration, both at the point of suction and at the point of discharge. This design produces a continuous flow with equal volume and
357:
on the discharge side of the positive-displacement pump is therefore necessary. The relief valve can be internal or external. The pump manufacturer normally has the option to supply internal relief or safety valves. The internal valve is usually used only as a safety precaution. An external relief
964:
Car washes often use these triplex-style plunger pumps (perhaps without pulsation dampers). In 1968, William
Bruggeman reduced the size of the triplex pump and increased the lifespan so that car washes could use equipment with smaller footprints. Durable high-pressure seals, low-pressure seals and
1226:
Mixed-flow pumps function as a compromise between radial and axial-flow pumps. The fluid experiences both radial acceleration and lift and exits the impeller somewhere between 0 and 90 degrees from the axial direction. As a consequence mixed-flow pumps operate at higher pressures than axial-flow
1662:
Multiphase pumping applications, also referred to as tri-phase, have grown due to increased oil drilling activity. In addition, the economics of multiphase production is attractive to upstream operations as it leads to simpler, smaller in-field installations, reduced equipment costs and improved
575:
These positive-displacement pumps have an expanding cavity on the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pumps as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is constant given each
559:
with suction and discharge in both directions. The pumps can be powered manually, by air or steam, or by a belt driven by an engine. This type of pump was used extensively in the 19th century—in the early days of steam propulsion—as boiler feed water pumps. Now reciprocating pumps typically pump
1763:
is crucial for pump performance. It has two key aspects: 1) NPSHr (Required): The Head required for the pump to operate without cavitation issues. 2) NPSHa (Available): The actual pressure provided by the system (e.g., from an overhead tank). For optimal pump operation, NPSHa must always exceed
1477:
As has been noted, a typical pump failure, based on actual year 2002 reports, costs US$ 5,000 on average. This includes costs for material, parts, labor and overhead. Extending a pump's MTBF from 12 to 18 months would save US$ 1,667 per year — which might be greater than the cost to upgrade the
1465:
Not all plants are refineries, however, and different results occur elsewhere. In chemical plants, pumps have historically been "throw-away" items as chemical attack limits life. Things have improved in recent years, but the somewhat restricted space available in "old" DIN and ASME-standardized
349:
A positive-displacement pump must not operate against a closed valve on the discharge side of the pump, because it has no shutoff head like centrifugal pumps. A positive-displacement pump operating against a closed discharge valve continues to produce flow and the pressure in the discharge line
1542:
the pump. Loss of prime is usually due to ingestion of air into the pump. The clearances and displacement ratios in pumps for liquids, whether thin or more viscous, usually cannot displace air due to its compressibility. This is the case with most velocity (rotodynamic) pumps — for example,
727:
This is the simplest form of rotary positive-displacement pumps. It consists of two meshed gears that rotate in a closely fitted casing. The tooth spaces trap fluid and force it around the outer periphery. The fluid does not travel back on the meshed part, because the teeth mesh closely in the
2063:
of the pump increases the temperature of the fluid. For many pumps this added heat energy is dissipated through the pipework. However, for large industrial pumps, such as oil pipeline pumps, a recycle cooler is provided in the recycle line to cool the fluids to the normal suction temperature.
1778:
The power imparted into a fluid increases the energy of the fluid per unit volume. Thus the power relationship is between the conversion of the mechanical energy of the pump mechanism and the fluid elements within the pump. In general, this is governed by a series of simultaneous differential
1700:
When the pumping application is not suited to a centrifugal pump, a progressive cavity pump is used instead. Progressive cavity pumps are single-screw types typically used in shallow wells or at the surface. This pump is mainly used on surface applications where the pumped fluid may contain a
531:
Reciprocating pumps move the fluid using one or more oscillating pistons, plungers, or membranes (diaphragms), while valves restrict fluid motion to the desired direction. In order for suction to take place, the pump must first pull the plunger in an outward motion to decrease pressure in the
1723:
As the name indicates, multiphase pumps and their mechanical seals can encounter a large variation in service conditions such as changing process fluid composition, temperature variations, high and low operating pressures and exposure to abrasive/erosive media. The challenge is selecting the
1173:
A practical difference between dynamic and positive-displacement pumps is how they operate under closed valve conditions. Positive-displacement pumps physically displace fluid, so closing a valve downstream of a positive-displacement pump produces a continual pressure build up that can cause
1136:
is added to the fluid by increasing the flow velocity. This increase in energy is converted to a gain in potential energy (pressure) when the velocity is reduced prior to or as the flow exits the pump into the discharge pipe. This conversion of kinetic energy to pressure is explained by the
1466:
stuffing boxes places limits on the type of seal that fits. Unless the pump user upgrades the seal chamber, the pump only accommodates more compact and simple versions. Without this upgrading, lifetimes in chemical installations are generally around 50 to 60 percent of the refinery values.
1030:
over 1000 years ago, these pumps can be made from very simple materials: A rope, a wheel and a pipe are sufficient to make a simple rope pump. Rope pump efficiency has been studied by grassroots organizations and the techniques for making and running them have been continuously improved.
1537:
Typically, a liquid pump cannot simply draw air. The feed line of the pump and the internal body surrounding the pumping mechanism must first be filled with the liquid that requires pumping: An operator must introduce liquid into the system to initiate the pumping. This is called
1487:
867:
714:
1691:
The twin-screw pump is constructed of two inter-meshing screws that move the pumped fluid. Twin screw pumps are often used when pumping conditions contain high gas volume fractions and fluctuating inlet conditions. Four mechanical seals are required to seal the two shafts.
994:
Run on compressed air, these pumps are intrinsically safe by design, although all manufacturers offer ATEX-certified models to comply with industry regulation. These pumps are relatively inexpensive and can perform a wide variety of duties, from pumping water out of
1543:
centrifugal pumps. For such pumps, the position of the pump should always be lower than the suction point, if not the pump should be manually filled with liquid or a secondary pump should be used until all air is removed from the suction line and the pump casing.
633:, the piston is forced forward while energized, and is retracted by the spring during the other half cycle. Due to their inefficiency, vibratory pumps typically cannot be operated for more than one minute without overheating, so are limited to intermittent duty.
1663:
production rates. In essence, the multiphase pump can accommodate all fluid stream properties with one piece of equipment, which has a smaller footprint. Often, two smaller multiphase pumps are installed in series rather than having just one massive pump.
1984:
1003:
from secure storage (dependent on how the pump is manufactured – elastomers / body construction). These double-diaphragm pumps can handle viscous fluids and abrasive materials with a gentle pumping process ideal for transporting shear-sensitive media.
1641:
Because water from pitcher pumps is drawn directly from the soil, it is more prone to contamination. If such water is not filtered and purified, consumption of it might lead to gastrointestinal or other water-borne diseases. A notorious case is the
1854:
simulation (i.e. solutions to the Navier–Stokes for the particular pump geometry), or by testing. The efficiency of the pump depends upon the pump's configuration and operating conditions (such as rotational speed, fluid density and viscosity etc.)
781:
Widely used for pumping difficult materials, such as sewage sludge contaminated with large particles, a progressing cavity pump consists of a helical rotor, about ten times as long as its width. This can be visualized as a central core of diameter
532:
chamber. Once the plunger pushes back, it will increase the chamber pressure and the inward pressure of the plunger will then open the discharge valve and release the fluid into the delivery pipe at constant flow rate and increased pressure.
1039:
Impulse pumps use pressure created by gas (usually air). In some impulse pumps the gas trapped in the liquid (usually water), is released and accumulated somewhere in the pump, creating a pressure that can push part of the liquid upwards.
1204:
of flow comes by means of multiple whirls, which are excited by the impeller in the working channel of the pump. Generally, a radial-flow pump operates at higher pressures and lower flow rates than an axial- or a mixed-flow pump.
1528:
Because of the wide variety of applications, pumps have a plethora of shapes and sizes: from very large to very small, from handling gas to handling liquid, from high pressure to low pressure, and from high volume to low volume.
1850:(going up or down hill), change in velocity, or change in static pressure. η is the pump efficiency, and may be given by the manufacturer's information, such as in the form of a pump curve, and is typically derived from either
965:
oil seals, hardened crankshafts, hardened connecting rods, thick ceramic plungers and heavier duty ball and roller bearings improve reliability in triplex pumps. Triplex pumps now are in a myriad of markets across the world.
2582:
C.M. Schumacher, M. Loepfe, R. Fuhrer, R.N. Grass, and W.J. Stark, "3D printed lost-wax casted soft silicone monoblocks enable heart-inspired pumping by internal combustion," RSC Advances, Vol. 4, pp. 16039–16042,
2036:
sized to allow the pump minimum flow to pass. The arrangement ensures that the minimum flow is maintained, although it is wasteful as it recycles fluid even when the flow through the pump exceeds the minimum flow.
1709:
These pumps are basically multistage centrifugal pumps and are widely used in oil well applications as a method for artificial lift. These pumps are usually specified when the pumped fluid is mainly liquid.
1993:), the work is negative. Power required to drive the pump is determined by dividing the output power by the pump efficiency. Furthermore, this definition encompasses pumps with no moving parts, such as a
1257:
horsepower (0.25 kW). 85-millimetre (3.3 in) diameter impeller rotates counter-clockwise. Left: inlet, right: outlet. 0.4 mm (0.016 in) thick vanes on 4 mm (0.16 in) centers
1298:
The pump has an impeller with a number of vanes or paddles which spins in a cavity. The suction port and pressure ports are located at the perimeter of the cavity and are isolated by a barrier called a
496:
have rollers which pinch a section of flexible tubing, forcing the liquid ahead as the rollers advance. Because they are very easy to keep clean, these are popular for dispensing food, medicine, and
980:, which cools the drill bit and carries the cuttings back to the surface. Drillers use triplex or even quintuplex pumps to inject water and solvents deep into shale in the extraction process called
3087:
1470:
be one to four years longer than that of its non-upgraded counterpart. Consider that published average values of avoided pump failures range from US$ 2600 to US$ 12,000. This does not include lost
945:
may be a serious problem. In general, the problems are compensated for by using two or more cylinders not working in phase with each other. Centrifugal pumps are also susceptible to water hammer.
2056:(FCV) in the recycle line. If the measured flow exceeds the minimum flow then the FCV is closed. If the measured flow falls below the minimum flow the FCV opens to maintain the minimum flowrate.
596:– similar to plunger pumps, where the plunger pressurizes hydraulic oil which is used to flex a diaphragm in the pumping cylinder. Diaphragm valves are used to pump hazardous and toxic fluids.
2052:
A more sophisticated, but more costly, system (see diagram) comprises a flow measuring device (FE) in the pump discharge which provides a signal into a flow controller (FIC) which actuates a
957:
Triplex plunger pumps use three plungers, which reduces the pulsation relative to single reciprocating plunger pumps. Adding a pulsation dampener on the pump outlet can further smooth the
1829:
1082:). Hence, the combustion causes the membrane to expand and thereby pumps the fluid out of the adjacent pumping chamber. The first combustion-driven soft pump was developed by ETH Zurich.
1227:
pumps while delivering higher discharges than radial-flow pumps. The exit angle of the flow dictates the pressure head-discharge characteristic in relation to radial and mixed-flow.
1701:
considerable amount of solids such as sand and dirt. The volumetric efficiency and mechanical efficiency of a progressive cavity pump increases as the viscosity of the liquid does.
884:
is a type of positive-displacement pump. It contains fluid within a flexible tube fitted inside a circular pump casing (though linear peristaltic pumps have been made). A number of
225:
pumps. In centrifugal pumps the direction of flow of the fluid changes by ninety degrees as it flows over an impeller, while in axial flow pumps the direction of flow is unchanged.
1861:
2746:
2151:
2775:
1546:
Positive–displacement pumps, however, tend to have sufficiently tight sealing between the moving parts and the casing or housing of the pump that they can be described as
2861:
2594:
729:
279:
is set at right angles to the direction the liquid moves in, and a current is passed through it. This causes an electromagnetic force that moves the liquid.
1174:
mechanical failure of pipeline or pump. Dynamic pumps differ in that they can be safely operated under closed valve conditions (for short periods of time).
3035:
1427:
principle also use valveless pumping. The pump chamber is emptied through the printing jet due to reduced flow impedance in that direction and refilled by
1439:
759:
on the shafts and drive fluid through the pump. As with other forms of rotary pumps, the clearance between moving parts and the pump's casing is minimal.
1196:. Another type of radial-flow pump is a vortex pump. The liquid in them moves in tangential direction around the working wheel. The conversion from the
560:
highly viscous fluids like concrete and heavy oils, and serve in special applications that demand low flow rates against high resistance. Reciprocating
1097:
It takes in water at relatively low pressure and high flow-rate and outputs water at a higher hydraulic-head and lower flow-rate. The device uses the
132:, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the
2527:
1989:
For a typical "pumping" configuration, the work is imparted on the fluid, and is thus positive. For the fluid imparting the work on the pump (i.e. a
342:, can theoretically produce the same flow at a given rotational speed no matter what the discharge pressure. Thus, positive-displacement pumps are
946:
2334:
2176:
1748:
in suction feet (or metres) of head. The head can be simplified as the number of feet or metres the pump can raise or lower a column of water at
1188:. The fluid enters along the axis or center, is accelerated by the impeller and exits at right angles to the shaft (radially); an example is the
790:, though in reality it is manufactured in a single casting. This shaft fits inside a heavy-duty rubber sleeve, of wall thickness also typically
326:
A positive-displacement pump makes a fluid move by trapping a fixed amount and forcing (displacing) that trapped volume into the discharge pipe.
1679:
A rotodynamic pump with one single shaft that requires two mechanical seals, this pump uses an open-type axial impeller. It is often called a
3233:, February 1919, pages 83–84. Article about how a homeowner can easily build a pressurized home water system that does not use electricity.
2933:
2202:
1838:
between the inlet and outlet (in Pa), and Q, the volume flow-rate of the fluid is given in m/s. The total pressure may have gravitational,
1760:
1344:
This uses a jet, often of steam, to create a low pressure. This low pressure sucks in fluid and propels it into a higher-pressure region.
794:. As the shaft rotates, the rotor gradually forces fluid up the rubber sleeve. Such pumps can develop very high pressure at low volumes.
2912:
1101:
effect to develop pressure that lifts a portion of the input water that powers the pump to a point higher than where the water started.
3052:
John Crane Seal
Sentinel – John Crane Increases Production Capabilities with Machine that Streamlines Four Machining Functions into One
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2155:
1423:
have been fabricated, and are expected to be particularly suitable for handling sensitive biofluids. Ink jet printers operating on the
17:
2032:
The simplest minimum flow system is a pipe running from the pump discharge line back to the suction line. This line is fitted with an
2639:
2120:
904:), forcing the fluid through the tube. Additionally, when the tube opens to its natural state after the passing of the cam it draws (
125:
3054:
2622:
2363:
2287:
1623:
One sort of pump once common worldwide was a hand-powered water pump, or 'pitcher pump'. It was commonly installed over community
576:
cycle of operation and the pump's volumetric efficiency can be achieved through routine maintenance and inspection of its valves.
265:
1720:. The buffer tank breaks the energy of the liquid slug, smooths any fluctuations in the incoming flow and acts as a sand trap.
2094:
455:
Rotary pumps are very efficient because they can handle highly viscous fluids with higher flow rates as viscosity increases.
606:– usually simple devices for pumping small amounts of liquid or gel manually. The common hand soap dispenser is such a pump.
2804:
2544:
1600:
143:
When a pump contains two or more pump mechanisms with fluid being directed to flow through them in series, it is called a
2960:
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1724:
appropriate mechanical seal arrangement and support system to ensure maximized seal life and its overall effectiveness.
3258:
3128:
2288:"M Pompe | Hollow Oscillating Disk Pumps | self priming pumps | reversible pumps | low-speed pumps"
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3194:
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suspected contaminated water and had the handle of the public pump he suspected removed; the outbreak then subsided.
618:
Vibratory pump or vibration pump – a particularly low-cost form of plunger pump, popular in low-cost
3070:
2465:
1793:
3170:
1554:, so-called when they are used to fulfill that need for other pumps in lieu of action taken by a human operator.
1378:
Steam pumps have been for a long time mainly of historical interest. They include any type of pump powered by a
627:
155:
may be used to specifically describe the number of stages. A pump that does not fit this description is simply a
3032:
1474:. One pump fire occurs per 1000 failures. Having fewer pump failures means having fewer destructive pump fires.
346:. However, a slight increase in internal leakage as the pressure increases prevents a truly constant flow rate.
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3467:
2720:
2447:
449:
These pumps move fluid using a rotating mechanism that creates a vacuum that captures and draws in the liquid.
1979:{\displaystyle \Delta p={(v_{2}^{2}-v_{1}^{2}) \over 2}+\Delta zg+{\Delta p_{\mathrm {static} } \over \rho }}
588:– a reciprocating plunger pushes the fluid through one or two open valves, closed by suction on the way back.
478:– the shape of the internals of this pump is usually two screws turning against each other to pump the liquid
358:
valve in the discharge line, with a return line back to the suction line or supply tank, provides increased
2878:
Wasser, Goodenberger, Jim and Bob (November 1993). "Extended Life, Zero
Emissions Seal for Process Pumps".
3009:
2524:
1501:
Pumps are used throughout society for a variety of purposes. Early applications includes the use of the
370:
A positive-displacement pump can be further classified according to the mechanism used to move the fluid:
3707:
1780:
1139:
3421:
3398:
2269:
2017:
1452:
1370:
is also sometimes called a gravity pump. In a gravity pump the fluid is lifted by gravitational force.
1152:
Dynamic pumps can be further subdivided according to the means in which the velocity gain is achieved.
850:
843:
2573:
blog – example of grassroots researcher telling about his study and work with the rope pump in Africa.
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3303:
291:
2407:
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the pump even if it is shut-in or dead-headed, that is, if the discharge line is completely closed.
1145:
2678:
900:
compress the flexible tube. As the rotor turns, the part of the tube under compression closes (or
1835:
1784:
1773:
1295:
that operates at high head pressures, typically 4–20 bars (400–2,000 kPa; 58–290 psi).
811:
768:
651:
2937:
2251:
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3251:
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915:
623:
486:
Hollow disc pumps (also known as eccentric disc pumps or hollow rotary disc pumps), similar to
2909:
2433:
2237:
1764:
NPSHr. This ensures the pump has enough pressure to prevent cavitation, a damaging condition.
1412:
3645:
3224:
2892:
2563:
2525:"Stimulation and Fracturing pumps: Reciprocating, Quintuplex Stimulation and Fracturing Pump"
1783:. However a more simple equation relating only the different energies in the fluid, known as
1647:
1608:
1424:
1391:
1054:
972:
The oil and gas drilling industry uses massive semi-trailer-transported triplex pumps called
31:
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to identify the most suitable pump type for a particular combination of flow rate and head.
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3454:
3444:
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Recently there has been a resurgence of interest in low-power solar steam pumps for use in
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50:
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2106:
77:, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy.
8:
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Alternatively the recycled fluids may be returned to upstream of the export cooler in an
1360:
630:
2679:"Design optimisation of a regenerative pump using numerical and experimental techniques"
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with the pump so that it operates at or close to the point of its maximum efficiency.
1683:, and can be described as a cross between an axial compressor and a centrifugal pump.
615: – a form of hydraulic pump where pistons extend in a radial direction.
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3244:
3210:
3190:
3175:
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2966:
2600:
2225:
2009:
When a system includes a centrifugal pump, an important design issue is matching the
1634:. Though such community pumps are no longer common, people still used the expression
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1073:– run on air inserted into pipe, which pushes the water up when bubbles move upward
1053:– kinetic energy of a low-head water supply is stored temporarily in an air-bubble
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A buffer tank is often installed upstream of the pump suction nozzle in case of a
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pump air in one direction in rigid lungs, but without any physiological valve. In
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with suction during one direction of piston motion and discharge on the other, or
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3058:
3039:
2916:
2865:
2626:
2570:
2531:
2316:
1839:
1383:
1214:
1189:
1169:
Conversion of increased velocity (kinetic energy) to an increase in pressure head
1079:
897:
472:– a simple type of rotary pump where the liquid is pushed around a pair of gears.
222:
109:
85:
81:
2812:
1755:
From an initial design point of view, engineers often use a quantity termed the
3702:
3510:
3351:
3336:
3308:
3283:
3275:
2512:
2392:
2060:
1851:
1843:
1756:
1420:
1193:
1163:
1133:
833:
681:
666:
592:
415:
287:
276:
137:
105:
93:
2697:
521:
Antique "pitcher" pump (c. 1924) at the
Colored School in Alapaha, Georgia, US
3696:
3660:
3505:
3500:
3439:
3373:
3200:
2033:
2016:
Pump efficiency is an important aspect and pumps should be regularly tested.
1518:
1444:
1416:
1387:
1366:
1091:
1048:
497:
121:
101:
3116:(12 ed.). Tulsa: GPSA. pp. Chapter 7 Pumps and hydraulic turbines.
1638:
to describe a place or forum where matters of local interest are discussed.
315:
3495:
3406:
3341:
3326:
3174:, 3rd edition. Canberra: Australian Pump Manufacturers' Association, 1987.
2508:
2073:
2069:
2065:
1398:
1379:
1098:
1069:
977:
941:
927:
584:
565:
411:
354:
253:
97:
1646:. At the time it was not known how cholera was transmitted, but physician
1568:
162:
In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have
3655:
3571:
3563:
3485:
3429:
3388:
2905:
1061:
910:
661:
600:
407:
257:
229:
210:
117:
54:
728:
center. Gear pumps see wide use in car engine oil pumps and in various
439:
350:
increases until the line bursts, the pump is severely damaged, or both.
3614:
3576:
3490:
3462:
2747:"CFD Analysis of Domestic Centrifugal Pump for Performance Enhancement"
1733:
1624:
1616:
1604:
1584:
1315:
1307:(fluid between the blades) to recirculate, and forces any fluid in the
1027:
755:
749:
740:
671:
569:
475:
428:
382:
167:
822:
517:
3591:
1846:
components; i.e. energy is distributed between change in the fluid's
1717:
1577:
1563:
1506:
1021:
825:
rates, and offers gentle performance that some applications require.
817:
722:
696:
676:
656:
646:
622:. The only moving part is a spring-loaded piston, the armature of a
561:
469:
424:
386:
378:
319:
308:
45:
3111:
2686:
International
Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow
3596:
3586:
3515:
3368:
1741:
1510:
1502:
1491:
1122:
982:
973:
3606:
3525:
3477:
3267:
2177:"The Volumetric Efficiency of Rotary Positive Displacement Pumps"
1990:
1745:
1593:
996:
949:, a specialized study, helps evaluate this risk in such systems.
866:
333:
2335:"3P PRINZ - Hollow rotary disk pumps - Pompe 3P - Made in Italy"
1113:
786:
with, typically, a curved spiral wound around of thickness half
217:. There are three basic types of pumps: positive-displacement,
3543:
3383:
3293:
2040:
1994:
1589:
1573:
1522:
1354:
989:
509:
359:
283:
170:
is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.
80:
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as
74:
66:
2118:
1486:
465:
Rotary positive-displacement pumps fall into five main types:
304:
3635:
3630:
3581:
3318:
3288:
1695:
1330:
pump has a suction disk, an impeller, and a discharge disk.
802:
543:(four) cylinders, or more. Many reciprocating-type pumps are
261:
189:
Pumps can be classified by their method of displacement into
27:
Device that imparts energy to the fluids by mechanical action
2868:. Mt-online.com 1 October 2008. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
2751:
International
Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
2576:
1012:
713:
642:
The positive-displacement principle applies in these pumps:
504:
3538:
3533:
3236:
89:
37:
1657:
2902:
1669:
397:, helical twisted roots (e.g. the Wendelkolben pump) and
70:
2962:
A History of
Engineering in Classical and Medieval Times
1787:
can be used. Hence the power, P, required by the pump:
1509:
to pump water. Today, the pump is used for irrigation,
1132:(or dynamic pumps) are a type of velocity pump in which
2448:"FAQs and Favorites – Espresso Machines"
2152:"Understanding positive displacement pumps | PumpScout"
1155:
These types of pumps have a number of characteristics:
3129:"Four methods for maintaining minimum flow conditions"
2895:, "Mechanical Engineering in the Medieval Near East",
637:
2934:"The Origin of the Suction Pump: al-Jazari 1206 A.D."
2676:
2545:"Advantages of an Air Operated Double Diaphragm Pump"
1864:
1796:
1704:
1686:
1607:
is underway by pump-enabled extraction directly from
1065:– run with natural resources, by kinetic energy only.
816:
Named after the Roots brothers who invented it, this
434:
2877:
2203:"Positive Displacement Pumps - LobePro Rotary Pumps"
2647:
Institution of
Diploma Marine Engineers, Bangladesh
2596:
Biofuels: Securing the Planet's Future Energy Needs
1630:In parts of the British Isles, it was often called
914:and is used in many biological systems such as the
2484:"Definitive Guide: Pumps Used in Pressure Washers"
2121:"Radial, mixed and axial flow pumps. Introduction"
1978:
1823:
1521:(usually called a compressor), chemical movement,
564:were widely used to pump water from wells. Common
3073:. Engineeringnews.co.za. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
2097:. Engineeringnews.co.za. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
1557:
1291:pumps, regenerative turbine pumps are a class of
3694:
2854:
2852:
2745:Rajmane, M. Satish; Kallurkar, S.P. (May 2015).
2744:
3033:Sealing Multiphase Pumping Applications | Seals
2805:"Regenerative Turbine Pump vs Centrifugal Pump"
1525:movement, flood control, marine services, etc.
1443:Derelict windmill connected to water pump with
935:are reciprocating positive-displacement pumps.
194:
3199:
3081:
3079:
2928:
2776:"Regenerative turbine pumps: product brochure"
2677:Quail F, Scanlon T, Stickland M (2011-01-11).
2466:"The Pump: The Heart of Your Espresso Machine"
1078:be almost entirely made of an elastomer (e.g.
908:) fluid into the pump. This process is called
365:
334:Positive-displacement pump behavior and safety
299:
3252:
3126:
3112:Gas Processors Suppliers Association (2004).
3085:
3026:
2849:
1674:
1247:Regenerative turbine pump rotor and housing,
952:
377:positive displacement: internal and external
3168:Australian Pump Manufacturers' Association.
3061:. Sealsentinel.com. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
2090:
2088:
1824:{\displaystyle P={\frac {\Delta pQ}{\eta }}}
1314:As regenerative turbine pumps cannot become
1230:
1057:, then used to drive water to a higher head.
990:Compressed-air-powered double-diaphragm pump
290:machines, pumping liquid-metal coolant, and
3076:
2672:
2670:
2048:of pump minimum flow protection arrangement
182:in the fluid they are pumping or be placed
3259:
3245:
3004:
3002:
2023:
1696:Progressive cavity (positive-displacement)
1162:Conversion of added energy to increase in
762:
3185:Hicks, Tyler G. and Theodore W. Edwards.
3042:. Pump-zone.com. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
2770:
2768:
2599:. Springer Science & Business Media.
2085:
1627:in the days before piped water supplies.
505:Reciprocating positive-displacement pumps
190:
126:heating, ventilation and air conditioning
30:For other uses of "pump" or "pumps", see
2797:
2667:
2592:
2039:
1599:
1583:
1567:
1485:
1438:
1242:
1234:
1192:, which is commonly used to implement a
1112:
1011:
865:
801:
772:
739:
712:
516:
508:
438:
314:
303:
44:
36:
2999:
2859:Pump Statistics Should Shape Strategies
2715:
2713:
2119:Engineering Sciences Data Unit (2007).
2095:Submersible slurry pumps in high demand
1658:Sealing multiphase pumping applications
1094:is a water pump powered by hydropower.
234:
14:
3695:
3010:"When to use Progressive Cavity Pumps"
2765:
1670:Types and features of multiphase pumps
539:, with one cylinder, to in some cases
49:A large, electrically driven pump for
3240:
2886:
2629:. Pumps.org. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
1182:Such a pump is also referred to as a
1085:
551:(three) cylinder. They can be either
2958:
2710:
2640:"Radial, mixed and axial flow pumps"
1321:
1043:Conventional impulse pumps include:
849:A brand of civil defense siren, the
338:Positive-displacement pumps, unlike
282:Applications include pumping molten
214:
3127:Pump Industry (30 September 2020).
2109:. Fao.org. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
1744:in metres (or feet) of head, inlet
1333:
1239:Regenerative turbine pump animation
1177:
969:for as much as 2,080 hours a year.
861:
638:Various positive-displacement pumps
202:
24:
3171:Australian Pump Technical Handbook
3162:
2965:. London: Routledge. p. 143.
2620:Welcome to the Hydraulic Institute
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1940:
1925:
1865:
1806:
1705:Electric submersible (centrifugal)
1687:Twin-screw (positive-displacement)
1644:1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak
1451:Examining pump repair records and
1405:
1208:
797:
535:Pumps in this category range from
435:Rotary positive-displacement pumps
206:
198:
41:A small, electrically powered pump
25:
3719:
3225:"Homemade Water Pressure Systems"
3189:. McGraw-Hill Book Company.1971.
2987:"Online Dictionary – Parish Pump"
2107:TAXONOMY OF PUMPS AND WATER LIFTS
1727:
1532:
1108:
579:Typical reciprocating pumps are:
2408:"What Is Volumetric Efficiency?"
2406:Inc., Triangle Pump Components.
2405:
2200:
1767:
1761:Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
1550:. Such pumps can also serve as
1478:centrifugal pump's reliability.
1347:
921:
240:This section is an excerpt from
3146:
3120:
3105:
3064:
3045:
2979:
2959:Hill, Donald Routledge (1996).
2952:
2922:
2871:
2827:
2738:
2632:
2613:
2586:
2557:
2537:
2518:
2502:
2476:
2458:
2440:
2399:
2385:
2356:
2327:
2309:
2059:As the fluids are recycled the
1481:
1434:
1034:
65:is a device that moves fluids (
2835:"What is a Side Channel Pump?"
2593:Demirbas, Ayhan (2008-11-14).
2280:
2262:
2244:
2194:
2169:
2144:
2112:
2100:
1913:
1877:
1848:gravitational potential energy
1588:First European depiction of a
1558:Pumps as public water supplies
1402:a cost-effective opportunity.
1219:These are also referred to as
821:no vortex. It can work at low
391:flexible vane and sliding vane
13:
1:
2079:
2011:head loss-flow characteristic
2000:
1611:, seen in the background, in
1373:
735:
3266:
3187:Pump Application Engineering
3071:Vacuum pump new on SA market
1732:Pumps are commonly rated by
1458:In early 2005, Gordon Buck,
1007:
708:
7:
3422:Internal combustion engines
3399:External combustion engines
3209:(4 ed.). McGraw Hill.
2880:John Crane Technical Report
2721:"Regenerative Turbine Pump"
2649:. June 2003. Archived from
1140:First law of thermodynamics
844:internal combustion engines
366:Positive-displacement types
300:Positive-displacement pumps
195:positive-displacement pumps
10:
3724:
3114:GPSA Engineering Data Book
3088:"minimum flow bypass line"
2393:"Hollow Rotary Disc Pumps"
2270:"Hollow Disc Rotary Pumps"
2018:Thermodynamic pump testing
1834:where Δp is the change in
1771:
1675:Helico-axial (centrifugal)
1561:
1453:mean time between failures
1352:Gravity pumps include the
1337:
1231:Regenerative turbine pump
1212:
1143:, or more specifically by
1019:
953:Triplex-style plunger pump
925:
873:
851:Federal Signal Corporation
834:industrial air compressors
809:
766:
747:
720:
572:use reciprocating action.
524:
393:, circumferential piston,
239:
227:
29:
18:Positive displacement pump
3674:
3623:
3605:
3562:
3524:
3476:
3453:
3420:
3397:
3350:
3317:
3276:Classical simple machines
3274:
2837:. Michael Smith Engineers
2698:10.1108/09615531111095094
2488:The Pressure Washr Review
1105:energy of flowing water.
292:magnetohydrodynamic drive
2915:25 December 2007 at the
2785:. pp. 3-4-7
1779:equations, known as the
1425:piezoelectric transducer
1413:bird respiratory systems
1303:, which allows only the
1125:with backward-swept arms
178:Mechanical pumps may be
173:
124:and other components of
82:pumping water from wells
3661:Check weighing machines
2882:. Routledge. TRP 28017.
2201:inc., elyk innovation.
2181:www.pumpsandsystems.com
2024:Minimum flow protection
1781:Navier–Stokes equations
812:Roots-type supercharger
777:Progressing cavity pump
769:Progressing cavity pump
763:Progressing cavity pump
652:Progressing cavity pump
423:positive displacement:
406:positive displacement:
266:electrically conductive
3014:www.libertyprocess.com
2910:Mechanical Engineering
2901:, May 1991, pp. 64-9 (
2252:"Eccentric Disc Pumps"
2049:
1980:
1825:
1620:
1597:
1581:
1572:Arabic depiction of a
1498:
1448:
1447:tank in the foreground
1258:
1240:
1166:(increase in velocity)
1126:
1017:
916:gastrointestinal tract
871:
828:Applications include:
807:
778:
745:
718:
522:
514:
446:
344:constant flow machines
323:
312:
58:
42:
3646:Seed-counting machine
2893:Donald Routledge Hill
2809:Dyna Flow Engineering
2074:offshore installation
2043:
1981:
1826:
1603:
1587:
1571:
1489:
1442:
1392:Pulsometer steam pump
1246:
1238:
1146:Bernoulli's principle
1116:
1055:hydraulic accumulator
1015:
870:360° peristaltic pump
869:
805:
776:
743:
730:hydraulic power packs
716:
520:
512:
442:
318:
307:
252:is a pump that moves
191:electromagnetic pumps
48:
40:
32:Pump (disambiguation)
3445:Nutating disc engine
3435:Reciprocating engine
3154:Shearwater P&IDs
2452:www.home-barista.com
2046:process flow diagram
1862:
1794:
1785:Bernoulli's equation
1774:Bernoulli's equation
1750:atmospheric pressure
1738:volumetric flow rate
1190:centrifugal fan
1026:Devised in China as
250:electromagnetic pump
242:Electromagnetic pump
235:Electromagnetic pump
3086:Crane Engineering.
2940:on 26 February 2008
2898:Scientific American
2454:. 21 November 2014.
2395:. November 4, 2014.
2317:"Hollow disc pumps"
1912:
1894:
1513:, gasoline supply,
1016:Rope pump schematic
840:Roots superchargers
631:alternating current
628:half-wave rectified
568:and foot pumps for
3708:Ancient inventions
3468:Peaucellier-Lipkin
3057:2010-11-27 at the
3038:2009-09-03 at the
2930:Ahmad Y. al-Hassan
2864:2016-03-04 at the
2625:2011-07-27 at the
2569:2012-03-31 at the
2530:2014-02-22 at the
2432:has generic name (
2364:"Hollow Disc Pump"
2321:Pump Supplier Bedu
2236:has generic name (
2054:flow control valve
2050:
1976:
1898:
1880:
1821:
1621:
1598:
1582:
1499:
1490:Metering pump for
1449:
1259:
1241:
1200:of motor into the
1127:
1086:Hydraulic ram pump
1018:
872:
808:
779:
746:
719:
612:Radial piston pump
604:displacement pumps
527:Reciprocating pump
523:
515:
488:scroll compressors
447:
404:Reciprocating-type
324:
313:
86:aquarium filtering
59:
43:
3690:
3689:
3666:Riveting machines
3364:Archimedes' screw
3092:Crane Engineering
2534:. Gardner Denver.
2368:magnatexpumps.com
1974:
1920:
1819:
1472:opportunity costs
1322:Side-channel pump
1198:mechanical energy
1159:Continuous energy
1130:Rotodynamic pumps
1001:hydrochloric acid
806:A Roots lobe pump
702:Flexible impeller
620:espresso machines
494:Peristaltic pumps
482:Rotary vane pumps
399:liquid-ring pumps
395:flexible impeller
389:, shuttle block,
157:single-stage pump
138:penile prosthesis
128:systems. In the
120:or for operating
16:(Redirected from
3715:
3369:Eductor-jet pump
3261:
3254:
3247:
3238:
3237:
3220:
3157:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3083:
3074:
3068:
3062:
3049:
3043:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3006:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2926:
2920:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2875:
2869:
2856:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2815:on 30 April 2021
2811:. Archived from
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2783:PSG Dover: Ebsra
2780:
2772:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2717:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2683:
2674:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2655:
2644:
2636:
2630:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2590:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2541:
2535:
2522:
2516:
2509:"Drilling Pumps"
2506:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2490:. 13 August 2015
2480:
2474:
2473:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2444:
2438:
2437:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2370:. Archived from
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2341:. Archived from
2331:
2325:
2324:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2294:. Archived from
2284:
2278:
2277:
2266:
2260:
2259:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2209:. Archived from
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2154:. Archived from
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2132:
2126:. Archived from
2125:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2092:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1938:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1893:
1888:
1875:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1820:
1815:
1804:
1515:air conditioning
1429:capillary action
1384:pistonless pumps
1361:Heron's fountain
1340:Eductor-jet pump
1334:Eductor-jet pump
1293:rotodynamic pump
1272:liquid-ring pump
1256:
1255:
1251:
1202:potential energy
1185:centrifugal pump
1178:Radial-flow pump
1119:centrifugal pump
882:peristaltic pump
876:Peristaltic pump
862:Peristaltic pump
692:Peristaltic pump
687:Rotary vane pump
657:Rotary gear pump
647:Rotary lobe pump
513:Simple hand pump
444:Rotary vane pump
270:electromagnetism
147:. Terms such as
145:multi-stage pump
134:artificial heart
130:medical industry
73:), or sometimes
21:
3723:
3722:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3712:
3693:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3682:Spring (device)
3670:
3651:Vending machine
3619:
3601:
3558:
3520:
3472:
3449:
3416:
3412:Stirling engine
3393:
3346:
3313:
3270:
3265:
3230:Popular Science
3223:Robbins, L. B.
3217:
3165:
3163:Further reading
3160:
3151:
3147:
3137:
3135:
3125:
3121:
3110:
3106:
3096:
3094:
3084:
3077:
3069:
3065:
3059:Wayback Machine
3050:
3046:
3040:Wayback Machine
3031:
3027:
3018:
3016:
3008:
3007:
3000:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2973:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2927:
2923:
2917:Wayback Machine
2891:
2887:
2876:
2872:
2866:Wayback Machine
2857:
2850:
2840:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2818:
2816:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2719:
2718:
2711:
2702:
2700:
2681:
2675:
2668:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2627:Wayback Machine
2618:
2614:
2607:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2577:
2571:Wayback Machine
2562:
2558:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2532:Wayback Machine
2523:
2519:
2507:
2503:
2493:
2491:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2429:
2428:
2419:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2400:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2377:
2375:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2348:
2346:
2339:www.3pprinz.com
2333:
2332:
2328:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2301:
2299:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2233:
2232:
2223:
2222:
2216:
2214:
2207:www.lobepro.com
2199:
2195:
2186:
2184:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2161:
2159:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2117:
2113:
2105:
2101:
2093:
2086:
2082:
2026:
2020:is one method.
2003:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1937:
1907:
1902:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1874:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1840:static pressure
1805:
1803:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1776:
1770:
1730:
1707:
1698:
1689:
1677:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1632:the parish pump
1566:
1560:
1535:
1484:
1460:John Crane Inc.
1437:
1421:impedance pumps
1408:
1406:Valveless pumps
1376:
1350:
1342:
1336:
1324:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1233:
1221:all-fluid pumps
1217:
1215:Axial-flow pump
1211:
1209:Axial-flow pump
1180:
1111:
1088:
1080:silicone rubber
1037:
1024:
1010:
992:
955:
930:
924:
878:
864:
814:
800:
798:Roots-type pump
771:
765:
752:
738:
725:
711:
640:
529:
507:
437:
416:diaphragm pumps
368:
336:
302:
297:
296:
245:
237:
232:
215:valveless pumps
176:
110:energy industry
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3721:
3711:
3710:
3705:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3611:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3568:
3566:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3511:Wind generator
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3459:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3409:
3403:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3360:
3358:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3337:Pendulum clock
3334:
3329:
3323:
3321:
3315:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3309:Wheel and axle
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3284:Inclined plane
3280:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3264:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3221:
3215:
3203:, ed. (2007).
3201:Karassik, Igor
3197:
3183:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3145:
3119:
3104:
3075:
3063:
3044:
3025:
2998:
2978:
2971:
2951:
2936:Archived from
2921:
2885:
2870:
2848:
2826:
2796:
2764:
2737:
2709:
2666:
2631:
2612:
2605:
2585:
2575:
2564:Tanzania water
2556:
2536:
2517:
2513:Gardner Denver
2501:
2475:
2457:
2439:
2398:
2384:
2355:
2326:
2308:
2292:www.mpompe.com
2279:
2274:APEX Equipment
2261:
2243:
2193:
2168:
2143:
2111:
2099:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2061:kinetic energy
2025:
2022:
2002:
1999:
1987:
1986:
1973:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1852:fluid dynamics
1844:kinetic energy
1836:total pressure
1832:
1831:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1802:
1799:
1772:Main article:
1769:
1766:
1757:specific speed
1729:
1728:Specifications
1726:
1706:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1688:
1685:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1659:
1656:
1562:Main article:
1559:
1556:
1534:
1533:Priming a pump
1531:
1483:
1480:
1436:
1433:
1407:
1404:
1375:
1372:
1349:
1346:
1338:Main article:
1335:
1332:
1323:
1320:
1261:Also known as
1232:
1229:
1213:Main article:
1210:
1207:
1194:vacuum cleaner
1179:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1164:kinetic energy
1160:
1134:kinetic energy
1110:
1109:Velocity pumps
1107:
1087:
1084:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1058:
1036:
1033:
1020:Main article:
1009:
1006:
991:
988:
954:
951:
947:Surge analysis
926:Main article:
923:
920:
896:attached to a
874:Main article:
863:
860:
859:
858:
847:
837:
832:High capacity
810:Main article:
799:
796:
767:Main article:
764:
761:
748:Main article:
737:
734:
721:Main article:
710:
707:
706:
705:
699:
694:
689:
684:
682:Hydraulic pump
679:
674:
669:
667:Diaphragm pump
664:
659:
654:
649:
639:
636:
635:
634:
616:
608:
597:
593:Diaphragm pump
589:
506:
503:
502:
501:
491:
484:
479:
473:
436:
433:
432:
431:
418:
401:
367:
364:
335:
332:
330:of operation.
301:
298:
288:wave soldering
277:magnetic field
246:
238:
236:
233:
203:velocity pumps
186:to the fluid.
175:
172:
122:cooling towers
106:fuel injection
92:filtering and
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3720:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:Miscellaneous
3622:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3506:Water turbine
3504:
3502:
3501:Steam turbine
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3440:Rotary engine
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3374:Hydraulic ram
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3262:
3257:
3255:
3250:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3216:9780071460446
3212:
3208:
3207:
3206:Pump Handbook
3202:
3198:
3196:
3195:0-07-028741-4
3192:
3188:
3184:
3181:
3180:0-7316-7043-4
3177:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3155:
3149:
3134:
3133:Pump Industry
3130:
3123:
3115:
3108:
3093:
3089:
3082:
3080:
3072:
3067:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3048:
3041:
3037:
3034:
3029:
3015:
3011:
3005:
3003:
2988:
2982:
2974:
2972:0-415-15291-7
2968:
2964:
2963:
2955:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2863:
2860:
2855:
2853:
2836:
2830:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2784:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2671:
2656:on 2014-03-08
2652:
2648:
2641:
2635:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2616:
2608:
2606:9781848820111
2602:
2598:
2597:
2589:
2579:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2560:
2546:
2540:
2533:
2529:
2526:
2521:
2514:
2510:
2505:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2471:
2467:
2461:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2435:
2423:
2409:
2402:
2394:
2388:
2374:on 2020-08-06
2373:
2369:
2365:
2359:
2345:on 2020-08-06
2344:
2340:
2336:
2330:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2298:on 2020-02-06
2297:
2293:
2289:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2239:
2227:
2213:on 2018-01-04
2212:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2158:on 2018-01-04
2157:
2153:
2147:
2133:on 2014-03-08
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2103:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2084:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2055:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2034:orifice plate
2030:
2021:
2019:
2014:
2012:
2007:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1971:
1944:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1922:
1917:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1868:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1800:
1797:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1768:Pumping power
1765:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1725:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1702:
1693:
1684:
1682:
1681:Poseidon pump
1667:
1664:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1626:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1552:priming pumps
1549:
1544:
1541:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1519:refrigeration
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1446:
1445:water storage
1441:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1417:microfluidics
1414:
1403:
1400:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1388:Thomas Savery
1385:
1381:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1367:hydraulic ram
1363:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1348:Gravity pumps
1345:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1319:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1245:
1237:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1216:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1175:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1095:
1093:
1092:hydraulic ram
1083:
1081:
1072:
1071:
1070:Airlift pumps
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1049:Hydraulic ram
1046:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1014:
1005:
1002:
998:
987:
985:
984:
979:
975:
970:
966:
962:
960:
950:
948:
944:
943:
936:
934:
933:Plunger pumps
929:
922:Plunger pumps
919:
917:
913:
912:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
877:
868:
856:
852:
848:
845:
841:
838:
835:
831:
830:
829:
826:
824:
819:
813:
804:
795:
793:
789:
785:
775:
770:
760:
757:
751:
742:
733:
731:
724:
715:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
644:
643:
632:
629:
626:. Driven by
625:
621:
617:
614:
613:
609:
607:
603:
602:
598:
595:
594:
590:
587:
586:
582:
581:
580:
577:
573:
571:
567:
566:bicycle pumps
563:
558:
557:double-acting
554:
553:single-acting
550:
546:
542:
538:
533:
528:
519:
511:
499:
495:
492:
489:
485:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
467:
466:
463:
460:
456:
454:
450:
445:
441:
430:
426:
422:
419:
417:
413:
412:plunger pumps
409:
405:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
373:
372:
371:
363:
361:
356:
351:
347:
345:
341:
331:
327:
321:
317:
310:
306:
295:
293:
289:
285:
280:
278:
273:
271:
268:liquid using
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
243:
231:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
207:gravity pumps
204:
200:
199:impulse pumps
196:
192:
187:
185:
181:
171:
169:
165:
160:
159:in contrast.
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
102:water-cooling
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
78:
76:
72:
68:
64:
56:
52:
47:
39:
33:
19:
3641:Agricultural
3496:Quasiturbine
3407:Steam engine
3378:
3355:
3342:Quartz clock
3327:Atomic clock
3228:
3205:
3186:
3169:
3153:
3148:
3136:. Retrieved
3132:
3122:
3113:
3107:
3095:. Retrieved
3091:
3066:
3047:
3028:
3017:. Retrieved
3013:
2990:. Retrieved
2981:
2961:
2954:
2942:. Retrieved
2938:the original
2924:
2896:
2888:
2879:
2873:
2841:December 24,
2839:. Retrieved
2829:
2817:. Retrieved
2813:the original
2808:
2799:
2787:. Retrieved
2782:
2755:. Retrieved
2750:
2740:
2728:. Retrieved
2725:rothpump.com
2724:
2701:. Retrieved
2689:
2685:
2658:. Retrieved
2651:the original
2646:
2634:
2615:
2595:
2588:
2578:
2559:
2548:. Retrieved
2539:
2520:
2504:
2492:. Retrieved
2487:
2478:
2470:Clive Coffee
2469:
2460:
2451:
2442:
2411:. Retrieved
2401:
2387:
2376:. Retrieved
2372:the original
2367:
2358:
2347:. Retrieved
2343:the original
2338:
2329:
2320:
2311:
2300:. Retrieved
2296:the original
2291:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2255:
2246:
2215:. Retrieved
2211:the original
2206:
2196:
2185:. Retrieved
2183:. 2015-05-21
2180:
2171:
2160:. Retrieved
2156:the original
2146:
2135:. Retrieved
2128:the original
2114:
2102:
2070:oil terminal
2066:oil refinery
2058:
2051:
2031:
2027:
2015:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1988:
1833:
1777:
1754:
1731:
1722:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1699:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1665:
1661:
1652:
1640:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1622:
1551:
1548:self-priming
1547:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1527:
1511:water supply
1500:
1482:Applications
1476:
1468:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1435:Pump repairs
1419:, valveless
1409:
1396:
1380:steam engine
1377:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1343:
1328:side-channel
1327:
1325:
1316:vapor locked
1313:
1309:side channel
1308:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1260:
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1183:
1181:
1172:
1154:
1151:
1144:
1138:
1128:
1103:
1099:water hammer
1096:
1089:
1076:
1068:
1062:Pulser pumps
1060:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1035:Impulse pump
1025:
993:
981:
978:drilling mud
971:
967:
963:
958:
956:
942:water hammer
940:
937:
932:
931:
928:Plunger pump
909:
905:
901:
893:
889:
885:
881:
879:
827:
815:
791:
787:
783:
780:
753:
726:
641:
610:
605:
599:
591:
585:Plunger pump
583:
578:
574:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
534:
530:
464:
462:efficiency.
458:
457:
452:
451:
448:
420:
408:piston pumps
403:
374:
369:
355:safety valve
353:A relief or
352:
348:
343:
337:
328:
325:
281:
274:
254:liquid metal
247:
188:
183:
179:
177:
161:
156:
153:double-stage
152:
148:
144:
142:
98:car industry
79:
62:
60:
3656:Wind tunnel
3572:Vacuum tube
3564:Electronics
3486:Gas turbine
3430:Gas turbine
3389:Vacuum pump
3352:Compressors
3332:Chronometer
2906:Donald Hill
2430:|last=
2234:|last=
1714:Buffer tank
1636:parish pump
1625:water wells
1399:smallholder
1305:tip channel
1028:chain pumps
999:to pumping
959:pump ripple
911:peristalsis
906:restitution
855:Thunderbolt
662:Piston pump
601:Piston pump
476:Screw pumps
453:Advantages:
429:chain pumps
421:Linear-type
375:Rotary-type
340:centrifugal
264:, or other
258:molten salt
230:Vacuum pump
219:centrifugal
211:steam pumps
118:natural gas
114:pumping oil
55:Hengsteysee
3697:Categories
3615:Automobile
3577:Transistor
3491:Jet engine
3463:Pantograph
3156:dated 1997
3138:25 January
3097:25 January
3019:2017-08-18
2992:2010-11-22
2753:. 02 / #02
2703:2021-07-21
2692:: 95–111.
2660:2017-08-18
2550:2018-01-03
2413:2018-01-03
2378:2019-12-20
2349:2019-12-20
2302:2019-12-20
2217:2018-01-03
2187:2019-03-27
2162:2018-01-03
2137:2017-08-18
2080:References
2044:Part of a
2001:Efficiency
1734:horsepower
1617:Bangladesh
1605:Irrigation
1390:'s or the
1374:Steam pump
1285:turbulence
1277:peripheral
756:screw pump
750:Screw pump
744:Screw pump
736:Screw pump
704: pump
672:Screw pump
562:hand pumps
525:See also:
470:Gear pumps
459:Drawbacks:
425:rope pumps
383:screw pump
228:See also:
223:axial-flow
168:biomimicry
51:waterworks
3592:Capacitor
3554:Propeller
2422:cite news
1972:ρ
1941:Δ
1926:Δ
1896:−
1866:Δ
1817:η
1807:Δ
1740:, outlet
1718:slug flow
1648:John Snow
1609:the Gumti
1596:, c. 1450
1592:pump, by
1580:, c. 1206
1578:Al-Jazari
1576:pump, by
1564:Hand pump
1517:systems,
1507:watermill
1496:additives
1382:and also
1022:Rope pump
1008:Rope pump
974:mud pumps
823:pulsation
818:lobe pump
723:Gear pump
717:Gear pump
709:Gear pump
697:Rope pump
677:Gear pump
570:inflation
547:(two) or
387:lobe pump
379:gear pump
322:internals
320:Lobe pump
311:internals
309:Lobe pump
180:submerged
149:two-stage
108:, in the
96:, in the
57:, Germany
53:near the
3607:Vehicles
3597:Inductor
3587:Resistor
3526:Aerofoil
3516:Windmill
3455:Linkages
3268:Machines
3055:Archived
3036:Archived
2913:Archived
2862:Archived
2819:30 April
2789:30 April
2757:30 April
2730:30 April
2623:Archived
2567:Archived
2528:Archived
2226:cite web
1742:pressure
1503:windmill
1492:gasoline
1386:such as
1301:stripper
1281:traction
1267:friction
1123:impeller
1121:uses an
983:fracking
976:to pump
902:occludes
624:solenoid
498:concrete
286:in many
184:external
94:aeration
75:slurries
3675:Springs
3478:Turbine
3152:Shell,
2944:16 July
2494:May 14,
1991:turbine
1746:suction
1613:Comilla
1594:Taccola
1540:priming
1252:⁄
886:rollers
549:triplex
537:simplex
164:evolved
67:liquids
3544:Rudder
3384:Trompe
3319:Clocks
3294:Pulley
3213:
3193:
3178:
2969:
2603:
1995:siphon
1590:piston
1574:piston
1523:sewage
1364:. The
1355:syphon
1289:vortex
894:wipers
545:duplex
360:safety
284:solder
3703:Pumps
3636:Robot
3631:Mecha
3582:Diode
3356:pumps
3304:Wedge
3299:Screw
3289:Lever
2779:(PDF)
2682:(PDF)
2654:(PDF)
2643:(PDF)
2583:2014.
2131:(PDF)
2124:(PDF)
2072:, or
1287:, or
1051:pumps
997:bunds
898:rotor
892:, or
890:shoes
262:brine
174:Types
100:for
71:gases
3549:Flap
3539:Wing
3534:Sail
3379:Pump
3354:and
3211:ISBN
3191:ISBN
3176:ISBN
3140:2021
3099:2021
2967:ISBN
2946:2008
2843:2022
2821:2021
2791:2021
2759:2021
2732:2021
2601:ISBN
2496:2016
2434:help
2238:help
1842:and
1494:and
1358:and
1263:drag
541:quad
427:and
414:and
221:and
213:and
136:and
116:and
112:for
104:and
90:pond
63:pump
2903:cf.
2694:doi
2256:PSG
1505:or
853:'s
842:on
248:An
151:or
69:or
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1965:c
1962:i
1959:t
1956:a
1953:t
1950:s
1945:p
1935:+
1932:g
1929:z
1923:+
1918:2
1914:)
1909:2
1904:1
1900:v
1891:2
1886:2
1882:v
1878:(
1872:=
1869:p
1813:Q
1810:p
1801:=
1798:P
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1254:3
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