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227:(DPFZA) is the governmental body administering the Port of Djibouti and other ports in the country. The organization also oversees the national free zones, serving as a liaison between the companies working therein and other government agencies. The DPFZA is subject to the Presidential Office and currently chaired by Aboubaker Omar Hadi.
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In May 2021, Kenya began construction works of Lamu Port designed to create a transport corridor between the Lamu archipelago, South Sudan and
Ethiopia. The port is being built by China Communications Construction Company. As the port will mainly serve as a transshipment hub, it's expected to attract
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Between 1960 and 1970, port activity was developed as part of an international maritime exchange network. The Red Sea had become one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world, and
Djibouti found itself acting as its service station. Bunkering traffic quadrupled in the ten years from 1954, reaching a
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climate was called into question when the government of
Djibouti sold the Doraleh Container Terminal concession, at the time run by Dubai-based DP World, to a Chinese competitor, China Merchants Ports Holdings. In February 2018, DP World's concession was revoked by presidential decree and DP World's
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and IHS Markit's Global
Container Port Performance Index ranked Djibouti's port as the best container port in Africa and 61st globally. According to the report, "ships spend a median time of less than one day in Djibouti's port, making it among the most efficient in the world". This has raised hopes
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The French Navy has 5,000 troops in
Djibouti, making the port France's largest overseas base. Germany and Spain are also hosted by the French while Italy has its own base in the country. Japan's only foreign military base is also based in Djibouti and is now set to be expanded as a counterweight to
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ruled in favor of DP World, stating that
Djibouti's expropriation of the Doraleh Container Terminal was illegal and that the original concession rights are to be restored. The Court had previously ordered the country to pay $ 533 million in compensation to the DP World. In total, six rulings have
465:
Chinese influence in
Djibouti, particularly through its military base, has been criticized in recent years as being more beneficial to the stability of the current political regime than for the country itself. With Chinese investment totaling $ 853 million between 2005 and 2019 and financial debt
490:
In July 2021, a seventh decision in DP World’s favor came about when the
Tribunal ruled that PDSA, a company that managed the terminal with DP World in a joint venture until 2018, had breached the joint venture agreement by unilaterally breaking it and transferring its shares to the Djibouti
377:
Development at the port increased further between 1948 and 1957 with the construction of four deep-water quays and the dredging of the port access channels. On land, new warehouses and oil storage facilities were built, electricity and water supplies provided and railway lines laid.
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trading and military partner for the
African nation. Political commentators have stated that this dependence is not only worrying for the nation's finances, but also that China's growing military presence in the country is a threat to the stability of the geostrategic region.
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been made over the years in DP World's favor, all of which have been ignored by the
Djiboutian government, according to the company. After rejecting the ruling in January 2020, Djibouti handed a quarter of the port's stake to China Merchants Ports Holdings.
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assets transferred to the Chinese state-run company in the wake of a new law that allows "for the renegotiation and termination of concluded contracts related to the 'management or operation of strategic infrastructure’".
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247:. However, because Ethiopia insisted it be electrified, it has been experiencing power problems and has thus remained behind delivery expectations, with most cargo reaching the port of Ethiopia via road.
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Seventy percent of the cargo at the port is shipped to or from Ethiopia, accounting for over 95% of landlocked Ethiopia's foreign trade. The port lost its direct railway access to Ethiopia when the
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That same year, work on the Doraleh multipurpose port was initiated. The Port of Doraleh now relieves congestion at the original Port of Djibouti, adding 29 million tons of annual capacity.
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From 1991 to 1994, Djibouti experienced a civil war which crippled the country's economy. By the early 2000s, the Ethiopia-Djibouti Railways had deteriorated from a lack of maintenance.
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Djibouti's strategic location enabled the port authorities to turn the port into a regional hub for the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, as well as for Europe, Africa and Asia.
200:. The port serves as a key refueling and transshipment and also transport means center, and is the principal maritime outlet for imports to and exports from neighboring
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The economy of Djibouti relies heavily on the strategic location of its port since about a third of all daily shipping in the world passes the north-east edge of
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In June 2020, the Djibouti Ports and Free Zones Authority organized the first crew-change of seafarers stranded at the port as a result of the global
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In September 2013, construction began on the Damerjog port, financed by China Merchants Group and the government of Djibouti and constructed by
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as a main maritime passage and a main trading route between East and West stretches back 3,500 years, the time of maritime explorations of the
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government that year. The Tribunal ruled that the agreement is still in effect and ordered PDSA to cover DP’s legal costs of £1.7 million.
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366:'s search for a maritime outlet, and Djibouti's coastline provided both easy access and sheltered anchorage. Work on the Franco-Ethiopian
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423:, China has become an important trading and military partner for Djibouti. Between 2011 and 2016, the Chinese built a high-capacity
211:. The port has been at the center of a legal dispute between port operator DP World and the government of Djibouti since 2018, when
224:
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290:. It uses the port to counter the terrorism threat posed by al-Shabaab, an al-Qaeda-linked Somali terrorist group, and to fight
1734:"Djibouti organises first crew-change in over a year for seafarers stranded due to Covid-19 | Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide"
1305:
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1324:"Djibouti Ranked Top Port In Africa In World Bank And Ihs Markit Report On Container Ports | Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide"
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Imbert-Vier, Simon (2018-10-08), Shiferaw Bekele; Uoldelul Chelati Dirar; Volterra, Alessandro; Zaccaria, Massimo (eds.),
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The United States Navy is present at the port, having made Camp Lemonnier its only African base in an effort to fight the
1103:, Corne de l’Afrique contemporaine / Contemporary Horn of Africa, Addis Abbeba: Centre français des études éthiopiennes,
80:
442:(CCECC). The terminal is now used for livestock, a shipping line, a repair yard for vessels, and a liquid bulk port.
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and restores Ethiopia's railroad access to the sea. It is the first modern electrified railway line in East Africa.
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598:"Djibouti ramps up efforts to get seafarers stranded by coronavirus off ships | Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide"
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184:. It is strategically located at the crossroads of one of the busiest shipping routes in the world, linking
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opened its naval support base near the Doraleh port in Djibouti in 2017, its first overseas military base.
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1565:"A legal tussle over a strategic African port sets up a challenge for China's Belt and Road plan"
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to the port of Djibouti. The completion of the railway greatly increased business at the port.
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1709:"Arbitration Tribunal Rejects Djibouti Port Company's Bid To Escape Contract With DP World"
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was the defining concept behind this new period of development and Djibouti's first modern
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8:
1633:"Djibouti Ordered To Pay $ 533M In Compensation In Container Terminal Dispute With Dubai"
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868:"The Eagle's Nest in the Horn of Africa: US Military Strategic Deployment in Djibouti"
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1537:"Djibouti: What Europe should understand of China's approach to military expansion"
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in the port management that Djibouti's port could "become the next Singapore".
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1097:"Living the War Far Away from the Front: Creating Territories around Djibouti"
204:. An estimated 2,500 ships pass through and call through the port every day.
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1257:"Djibouti Port SA - Damerjog Livestock Port - Details on ZAWYA MENA Edition"
763:"Ethiopia to take stake in Port of Djibouti, its trade gateway -state media"
331:, the Red Sea was a place of contact and passage used by the Egyptians, the
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1386:"A Chinese-built port in the Indian Ocean: The story of Kenya's Lamu port"
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owed to China equaling 30% of Djibouti's total debt, China has become an
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key shipping lines and could begin to compete with the port of Djibouti.
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began in 1897 and completed in 1917, connecting the Ethiopian capital of
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260:
977:"AFRICOM: Chinese Naval Base in Africa Set to Support Aircraft Carriers"
901:
1429:"How Djibouti became a microcosm of China's growing foothold in Africa"
449:
386:
356:
818:"Djibouti: A Busy Hub of Foreign Military Bases on the Horn of Africa"
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makes it an important military outpost for five military bases of the
1512:"Will Djibouti Become Latest Country to Fall Into China's Debt Trap?"
1072:"A safe harbor in Djibouti - OPEC Fund for International Development"
953:"China sends troops to open first overseas military base in Djibouti"
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1589:"DP World accuses Djibouti of illegally seizing container terminal"
1455:"Tiny but mighty: Djibouti's role in geopolitics | DW | 08.04.2021"
1160:"Ethiopia-Djibouti Railway Line Modernisation - Railway Technology"
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1405:"Kenya launches Lamu port. But its value remains an open question"
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1658:"DP World wins sixth legal ruling in $ 1bn Djibouti port dispute"
925:"How a tiny African country became the world's key military base"
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628:"Spying and stability: Djibouti thrives in 'return to cold war'"
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1677:"Djibouti Rejects Court Ruling to Hand Back Container Terminal"
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1208:"China and Ethiopia, Part 2: The Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway"
748:"Ethiopia's new coastal rail link runs through restive region"
327:. A strategic meeting point between Northeast Africa and the
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1349:"Djibouti's port dream to become the 'Singapore of Africa'"
1101:
The First World War from Tripoli to Addis Ababa (1911-1924)
675:. Djibouti Ports & Free Zones Authority. Archived from
649:"Ruling by London Tribunal Says Djibouti Acted Illegally"
1607:"DP World wins ruling against Djibouti over seized port"
1184:"China Consolidates Its Commercial Foothold in Djibouti"
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railway to replace the colonial-era French railway. The
351:, the Arabs, and then by the Europeans in search of the
1232:"On board the Chinese-built Ethiopia to Djibouti train"
215:'s port concession was revoked by presidential decree.
729:"Two Ethiopian projects show 'railpolitik' in action"
263:, earning it $ 125 million a year in rents from the
1367:"New Kenyan Port Aims to Be East Africa's Biggest"
1048:"The Suez canal | Patrimoines Partagés تراث مشترك"
1306:"Djibouti Starts Construction of Two Major Ports"
1281:"Djibouti Starts Construction of Two Major Ports"
517:seaman were able to be relieved and return home.
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497:https://allafrica.com/stories/202107120668.html
440:China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation
1479:"Djibouti risks dependence on Chinese largesse"
33:The container terminal at the Port of Djibouti.
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316:Commercial vessels at the Port of Djibouti.
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355:. Its apogee came with the opening of the
168:cargo ship docked at the Port of Djibouti.
1784:Djibouti Ports & Free Zones Authority
1132:Africa: Continent of Economic Opportunity
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484:London Court of International Arbitration
225:Djibouti Ports & Free Zones Authority
132:Djibouti Ports & Free Zones Authority
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389:) bunkered its first ship, and in 1956,
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1403:Kilaka, Benard Musembi; Bachmann, Jan.
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1563:Dahir, Abdi Latif (28 February 2019).
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866:Sun, Degang; Zoubir, Yahia H. (2016).
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255:The port's strategic location on the
243:, opened in 2018, runs to the nearby
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923:Dahir, Abdi Latif (18 August 2017).
791:"Djibouti Port Ranked Top in Africa"
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699:"Message from the Chairman | DPFZA"
408:began operations in February 1985.
362:The port evolved out of landlocked
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746:Meseret, Elias (October 5, 2016).
397:peak of 1.8 million tons in 1965.
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1656:Gibbon, Gavin (14 January 2020).
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1028:"Port History – PORT DE DJIBOUTI"
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1347:Schipani, Andres (1 June 2021).
626:Schipani, Andres (11 May 2021).
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843:"US Military Bases in Djibouti"
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789:Ivudria, Godfrey (2021-05-11).
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572:"CIA World Factbook - Djibouti"
298:China's increasing influence.
1799:Ports and harbours of Djibouti
1453:Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche.
727:Pilling, David (1 June 2021).
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951:Blanchard, Ben (2017-07-12).
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1804:Transport in the Arab League
1738:www.hellenicshippingnews.com
1675:Paris, Costas (2020-01-17).
1390:Observer Research Foundation
1328:www.hellenicshippingnews.com
761:Maasho, Aaron (2018-05-01).
602:www.hellenicshippingnews.com
527:Railway stations in Djibouti
429:Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway
241:Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway
7:
1135:. Real African Publishers.
1005:"Port de Djibouti – PMAESA"
520:
10:
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1164:www.railway-technology.com
1129:Fick, David (2007-04-01).
885:10.1177/000203971605100107
795:East African Business Week
547:"UNLOCODE (DJ) - DJIBOUTI"
509:, as a result of which 18
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421:Belt and Road Initiative
1535:Sun, Yun (2018-10-02).
368:Ethio-Djibouti Railways
653:The Maritime Executive
468:increasingly important
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237:Ethio-Djibouti Railway
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1312:. September 13, 2013.
448:In January 2021, the
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679:on 29 September 2013
507:coronavirus pandemic
474:In 2012, Djibouti's
393:set up in Djibouti.
288:Global War on Terror
1681:Wall Street Journal
1595:. 23 February 2018.
1310:World Maritime News
750:. Associated Press.
415:Recent developments
383:Pétroles de Somalie
239:was abandoned. The
96:11.6053°N 43.1392°E
92: /
1764:. Port de Djibouti
1762:"Port de Djibouti"
576:The World Factbook
476:foreign investment
406:container terminal
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1631:Dudley, Dominic.
1384:Mishra, Abishek.
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