Politics of Iran - Knowledge

1662: 3931:. The approved total state budget figure shows an 11% increase in Rial terms, in comparison to the previous year's budget. Of this amount, $ 134 billion relates to the government's general budget and the remaining $ 343 billion relates to state-owned companies and organizations. Of the $ 134 billion for the government's general budget, $ 117 billion relates to operating expenditure and $ 17 billion is for infrastructure developments. The government's general budget for 2012–13 shows a 3.5% decline in comparison to the previous year, while the budget for state-owned companies and organisations has risen by 18.5%. Revenues from crude oil make up 37% of the state's total revenues in the budget. Revenues from taxes have been projected at 458 trillion Rials ($ 37 billion), which shows a 10% increase year-on-year. In the first half of 2012, Iran announced in Majlis that it has taken in only 25% of its budgeted annual revenue. According to 2057: 1400:

God. In 1984, Iran's representative to the United Nations, Saʿid Rajaʾie-Khorassani, declared the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to be representing a "secular understanding of the Judeo-Christian tradition", which did not "accord with the system of values recognized by the Islamic Republic of Iran" and whose provisions the IRI would "not hesitate to violate". In reply to international criticism of repression, Iranian officials loyal to the Supreme Leader deny wrongdoing, maintaining its human rights record is better than western countries who criticize its record. In 2004, Judiciary chief Ayatollah

1598: 1566: 3001: 1862:" and "the Union of Islamic Student Societies". Groups that generally support the Islamic Republic include Ansar-e Hizballah, The Iranian Islamic Students Association, Muslim Students Following the Line of the Imam, Islam's Students, and the Islamic Coalition Association. The conservative power base has been said to be made up of a "web of Basiji militia members, families of war martyrs, some members of the Revolutionary Guard, some government employees, some members of the urban and rural poor, and conservative-linked foundations." 1630: 3074: 1420:) have suggested there is no widespread support for violent crackdowns on dissent in contemporary Iran. "Notions of democracy and human rights" now have much deeper roots among Iranians than under the Shah, and in fact are "almost hegemonic" (Arzoo Osanloo), so that it is much harder to spread fear among them, even to the point that if Iranian intelligence services "were to arrest anyone who speaks ill of the government in private, they simply couldn't build cells fast enough to hold their prisoners" (journalist Hooman Majd). 2973: 3040: 3055: 3024: 1404:, denied that there were any political prisoners in Iran, saying "The world may consider certain cases, by their nature, political crimes, but because we do not have a law in this regard, these are considered ordinary offenses." Four years later, President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad replied to a question about human rights by stating that Iran has fewer prisoners than the US and "the human rights situation in Iran is relatively a good one, when compared ... with some European countries and the United States." 2985: 2763: 4108: 4003:. The 2015 budget is not expected to bring much growth for many of the domestic industries. An average oil price of $ 50 for the coming year would result in a deficit of $ 7.5 billion. The government can lower this deficit by increasing the official exchange rate but this will trigger higher inflation. The proposed expenses are $ 58 billion including $ 39 billion is salary and pension payments to government employees. Proposed development expenditure amounts to $ 17 billion. 3089: 4177: 1023: 11254: 10641: 3786: 11264: 10651: 2445: 323: 30: 4163: 1011: 2662: 8314: 2503: 1408:

order) rules of Islam that has priority over all ordinances of the law even praying, fasting and Hajj…The Islamic State could prevent implementation of everything – devotional and non- devotional – that so long as it seems against Islam's interests", leads Ann Elizabeth Mayer to argue that this theory of

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Iran's 2015 proposed budget is nearly $ 300 billion. The overall/"total" budget shows a 4% growth compared with the 2014 budget. The budget assumes that the country exports 1 million barrels per day of crude oil and 0.3 million barrels per day of gas condensates at an average price of $ 72 per barrel

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In May 2013, the Iranian parliament approved a 7.27-quadrillion-rial (about $ 593 billion) national budget bill for 2013–14. The new national budget has forecast a 40% drop in oil revenues compared to the previous year's projected figure. The bill has set the price of oil at $ 95 per barrel, based on

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Iran's political parties/organizations are said to represent political factions in Iran, and according to at least one source, (Alireza Nader, David E. Thaler and S. R. Bohandy), "factionalism has generally been more important than constitutional process in decision making", especially under Supreme

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Iran's earmarked government spending for the year starting in March 2014 at $ 75 billion, calculated on an open-market exchange rate, with an overall/"total" budget ceiling estimated at $ 265 billion. The draft budget estimates oil exports at about 1.1 million barrels per day (bpd). The 2014 budget

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including entrepreneurs, professionals, technicians, and skilled craftspeople and their capital. Poverty rose by nearly 45% in absolute terms during the first 6 years of the Iran-Iraq War, and according to the World Bank, by the time the war ended in 1988, per capita income was a little more than

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law contains everything needed to rule a state (whether ancient or modern), and any other basis of governance will lead to injustice and sin. Thus Iran, the Muslim world and eventually the whole world, must be ruled according to sharia and the person who should rule according to sharia is an expert

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budget bill worth 7,930 trillion rials ($ 319 billion at the official exchange rate). The International Monetary Fund has estimated Iran needs an oil price above $ 130 a barrel to balance its 2015-state budget; Brent crude was below $ 80 a barrel in November 2014. The IMF estimated in October 2014

1412:("the absolute authority of the jurist") "freed" the Islamic Republic "to do as it chose-even if this meant violating fundamental pillars of the religion ...", and that this doctrine, not sharia law, explained "the prevalence of torture and punishment of political dissent" in the Islamic Republic. 1407:

Whether the Islamic Republic goes well beyond what Sunni and many Shia Muslims consider Islamic exceptions to international human rights norms, is also an issue. Khomeini's January 1988 pronouncement "... that government is a branch of the Prophet's absolute Wilayat and one of the primary (first

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The alleged tyranny and brutality towards all opposition of the monarchy was one of the propaganda themes of the Islamic revolution, but the Islamic Republic has also not tolerated opposition to its system of government, since (as mentioned above) it believes disobedience to it is disobedience to

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While the Islamic Republic has been noted for its political stability, political protests against perceived corruption and injustice have become more severe and common in the twenty-first century. Nevertheless, at least one analyst (Seth G. Jones) believes that as of 2019, "the Iranian protest

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are under the control of the Supreme Leader. According to article 110 of the constitution, the Supreme Leader delineates the general policies of the Islamic Republic. There have been only two Supreme Leaders since the founding of the Islamic Republic, and the current leader

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was Iran's ruling and only legal political party until its dissolution in 1987. Its abolition has been attributed to Ayatollah Khomeini's well founded belief that leftist, monarchists and nationalists had been suppressed, and his network's place in power was secure. Supporters of the

2632:, as that body voted in 2008 to "prohibit itself from monitoring organizations that the supreme leader controls, except with his permission". It is, however, an important factor in the Supreme Leader's power, giving him financial independence from parliament and the national budget. 1369:

killed hundreds of thousands and cost the country billions of dollars. By the early 1980s power struggles ended in leftists and nationalists eliminated from all governmental institutions, and the revolutionary leader Ayatollah Khomeini and his supporters firmly in control.

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On the other hand, despite the vast popularity of Khomeini in Iran before and after the revolution, (approximately 10 million people are estimated to have participated in his funeral in a country of about 60 million), observers (Akbar Ganji, Arzoo Osanloo,

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subsidies). Earmarked expenditures totaled 13 percent of the central government total. Between FY 2000 and FY 2004, total expenditures and net lending accounted for about 26 percent of GDP. According to the Vice President for Parliamentary Affairs,

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The budget for Iranian year 1389 (2010–2011), which starts on 21 March, amounts to $ 368.4bn, representing an increase of 31 per cent on the previous year and is based on a projected oil price of $ 60 a barrel compared with just $ 37.50 last year.

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in that form of law. These Guardians the true holders of both religious and political authority, who must be obeyed as "an expression of obedience to God", and whose rule has "precedence over all secondary ordinances in Islam such as

5490:"Iran limits the freedoms of speech, press, and the right of assembly; denies the right of personal freedom; and prevents the freedom of religion. The following explains the constant abuses of the human rights by giving some examples" 3991:

of crude. The official exchange rate is projected to be on average US$ 28,500/IRR. Dependency on oil exports in this overall budget bill has dropped to 25% (down from over 30% of government revenues in 2014.) The plan is to increase

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Iran's complex and unusual political system combines elements of a modern Islamic theocracy with democracy. A network of elected, partially elected, and unelected institutions influence each other in the government's power

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Because of changes in the classification of budgetary figures, comparison of categories among different years is not possible. However, since the Iranian Revolution, the government's general budget payments have averaged:

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The Islamic Republic has been criticized both for restrictions and punishments that follow the Islamic Republic's constitution and law, but not international human rights norms (harsh penalties for crimes, punishment of

1246:(also transliterated Khumaynî) successfully supported referendums to declare Iran an Islamic Republic (in March 1979), and to approve a constitution (December 1979) whereby "the Islamic government" would be "based upon 1220:

for "insufficient theological qualifications". In addition, there are representatives elected from appointed organizations (usually under the Supreme Leader's control) to "protect the state's Islamic character".

10785: 10725: 5695: 1452:, etc.); and for "extrajudicial" actions that follow neither, such as firebombings of newspaper offices, and beatings, torture, rape, and killing without trial of political prisoners and dissidents/civilians. 1942:) and orientation (ideological purity vs. pragmatism; support for political and religious freedom vs. authoritarianism; support for regulation and intervention in the marketplace vs. laissez faire policies). 5609: 1847:. There are several other legal political parties or associations operating in Iran. Legal political groups, must support the Ayatollah Khomeini, his Islamic Revolution, and the Islamist political system ( 10835: 5429: 1851:) created by the revolution, the exclusion of “nonrevolutionary” and secular parties from political participation, and agree Iran's fundamental security interest is the survival and strengthening of the 1769:, half of whose members are selected by the Supreme Leader of Iran. Also, all directly elected members after the vetting process by the Guardian Council still have to be approved by the Supreme Leader. 3891:

and aside from the government (or public budget) also includes spending for state-owned companies. The budget is based on an oil price of $ 81.5 per barrel. The value of the US dollar is estimated at

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between July and early September 1988 on orders of the Ayatollah Khomeini, causing a 2020 UN Special Rapporteurs to send a letter to the regime describing the killings as "crimes against humanity".

7152:"Islamic Republic of Iran: 2009 Article IV Consultation—Staff Report; Staff Supplement; Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Iran" 5748: 3000: 6080: 3932: 6726: 5143: 10850: 10825: 10730: 6140: 6020: 10840: 10810: 6890: 7894: 1192:(above the president), and he either has direct or indirect control of the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government, as well as the military and the media, (according to 9143: 5843: 6752: 2966:

stood at $ 7.2 billion compared with $ 17.3 billion in 2012. Iran's external debt was $ 7.12 billion in April 2022. This is one of the lowest numbers internationally (~$ 90 per capita).

7344: 3911:(approximately $ 416 billion). The funding for running the government has been decreased by 5.6 percent and the government's tax revenues have been envisaged to rise by 20 percent. The 1254:) "as proposed by Imam Khumaynî" (quoting the preamble of the constitution). The constitution (which was drafted by an assembly made up primarily by disciples of Khomeini), calls for a 1381:

because of the hostage crisis, political support to Iraq and other acts of terrorism that the U.S. government and some others have accused Iran of sponsoring. Emigration from Iran has

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Ehsan Zarrokh (Ehsan and Gaeini, M. Rahman). "Iranian Legal System and Human Rights Protection" The Islamic Law and Law of the Muslim World e-journal, New York law school 3.2 (2009).

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Hamid Algar, `Development of the Concept of velayat-i faqih since the Islamic Revolution in Iran,` paper presented at London Conference on wilayat al-faqih, in June, 1988] . Also

3015: 10795: 10750: 7864: 6050: 1482:(protest against alleged voting fraud and irregularities during the 2009 election; estimated 36 killed (according to Iranian government), 72 killed (according to opposition)); 10800: 10755: 10735: 10720: 10715: 6864: 774: 769: 4844:

United Nations General Assembly. 39th Session. Third Committee. 65th meeting, held on 7 December 1984 at 3 pm New York. A/C.3/39/SR.65. quoted by Luiza Maria Gontowska,

10860: 10845: 10830: 10815: 10770: 10710: 9133: 5956: 4818:"According to World Bank figures, which take 1974 as 100, per capita GDP went from a high of 115 in 1976 to a low of 60 in 1988, the year war with Iraq ended ..." (Keddie, 10745: 7470: 3927:

of $ 85 per barrel and the average value of the U.S. dollar for the fiscal year has been projected to be 12,260 rials, allowing the government to gain $ 53.8 billion from

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The Islamic Republic centralized and drastically expanded the prison system of the previous regime. In one early period (1981-1985) more than 7900 people were executed.

1106:." It "holds regular elections in which candidates who advocate different policies and incumbents are frequently defeated", but scored lower than Saudi Arabia in the 2021 8324: 8011: 7084: 1212:(which disqualifies the overwhelming majority of the candidates) for their loyalty to the Islamic Republic's system of government. In 1998, the Guardian Council rejected 10855: 10765: 10740: 1461:

movement is ... too decentralized and Iranian security forces ... too strong" for the regime to be in danger of being overthrown by protesters. Some protests include:

5865: 5778: 7260: 5355: 4753: 1930:, Bahman Baktiari, Maaike Warnaar, Payam Mohseni, have given different formulations of them, varying in number (usually between three and five, the basic three being 274: 7563: 5605: 546: 5691: 5441: 7681: 5800: 1242:

in Iran, replacing its millennia-old monarchy with a theocratic republic. Shortly after, the leader of the Revolution, a senior Islamic jurist named Ayatollah

4579:"Review by Hossein Modarressi, by THE JUST RULER OR THE GUARDIAN JURIST: AN ATTEMPT TO LINK TWO DIFFERENT SHICITE CONCEPTS by Abdulaziz Abdulhussein Sachedina" 1783:

The Guardian Council is an appointed and constitutionally mandated 12-member council with considerable power. It approves or vetoes legislative bills from the

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Article 109 states an essential qualification of "the Leader" is "scholarship, as required for performing the functions of mufti in different fields of fiqh"

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Based on the government's own Planning and Budget Organization statistics, from: Jahangir Amuzegar, 'The Iranian Economy before and after the Revolution,'

2859:, the volume of Iranian subsidies given to its citizens on fossil fuel, which increased 42.2% in 2019, equals 15.3% of Iran's GDP and 16% of total global 11303: 3969:

is set to rise by 9.7%. The administration has set the goal of 519 trillion rials, (about $ 20.9 billion) government's income from implementation of the

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Other items (earmarked expenditures, foreign-exchange losses, coverage of liabilities of letters of credit, and net lending) accounted for the remainder.

1514:(protest against government corruption, fuel price increases, human rights abuses, in favor of regime change; an estimated 1,500 killed, 7000+ arrested); 7711: 10302: 9155: 6718: 6254: 2836:

Among current expenditures, wages and salaries accounted for 36 percent; subsidies and transfers to households accounted for 22 percent (not including

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Guidelines on government financial statistics have been used as a model to prepare annual budgetary acts. Accordingly, revenues are classified into "

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by reducing tax evasion/exemption. The Iranian state is the biggest player in the economy, and the annual budget strongly influences the outlook of

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that Iran would run a general government deficit of $ 8.6 billion in 2015, at the official exchange rate, to be compensated by drawing on the

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was formed in 1994 to run for the fifth parliamentary elections, made up mainly of executives in the government close to the then-president

1208:(which elects the supreme leader), and local councils are all elected, but all candidates who run for these positions must be vetted by the 9345: 7994: 7972: 7918: 7622: 6451: 4206: 3952:. Out of this amount, 410 trillion Rials is allocated for direct cash handouts to those eligible who have registered and for social funds. 2551: 1710: 1118: 7319: 7017: 5726: 1306:), should administer "some" of the "religious and social affairs" of the Shi'i community. In its "absolute" form—the form advanced by the 9123: 1479: 373: 7767: 7651: 4685: 4316: 10687: 9491: 9007: 8117: 7439:"Global Legal Monitor: Iran: Criticism of Newly Proposed Budget - Global Legal Monitor - Law Library of Congress - Library of Congress" 7424: 7398: 7213: 6533: 6396: 5541: 4745: 3105: 1892: 1618: 1062: 612: 477: 85: 7856: 7474: 4616: 3961:

assumes an average oil price of $ 100 per barrel, inflation at 21%, GDP growth at 3% and the official USD/IRR exchange rate at 26,000

3054: 3023: 7162: 6042: 4475: 2628:, another organization worth more than $ 95 billion, has been described as "secretive" and "little known". It is not overseen by the 1998: 1498:(protest against economic hardships, government corruption, Iranian involvement in regional conflicts, the autocratic government of 755: 750: 7070: 6860: 8270: 8240: 8210: 8180: 8150: 4846: 4120:

oversees and approves electoral candidates for elections in Iran. The Guardian Council has 12 members: 6 clerics, appointed by the

3847: 3830: 3353: 2673: 2474: 1520:(protest the ongoing water shortages and blackouts of electricity all over Iran; an estimated 11 people killed, over 100 arrested). 503: 5960: 11229: 11168: 9042: 2936:

could be as high as 40% of GDP (or more) once government arrears to the private sector are recognized. These arrears are owed to

2928:(government and governmental institutions) amounted to 929 trillion IRR ($ 34.8 billion), which must be reduced according to the 1314: 6110: 4784: 2868: 9667: 9518: 9281: 8084: 8047: 8022: 7095: 4847:

Human Rights Violations Under the Sharia'a, A Comparative Study of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran

4216: 3744: 2842: 967: 701: 334: 129: 7741: 1035: 10013: 9843: 9788: 9657: 9523: 8421: 6484: 6445: 6345: 5873: 5463: 2953: 1900: 1718: 725: 5407: 5351: 4931:"Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad on the Threat of US Attack and International Criticism of Iran's Human Rights Record" 4735:

Bakhash, Shaul, Reign of the Ayatollahs : Iran and the Islamic Revolution by Shaul, Bakhash, Basic Books, c1984 p.158-9

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Two very powerful, unelected posts/institutions unique to the Islamic Republic are the Supreme Leader and Guardian Council.

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per cent bigger than previous year's (which stood at $ 368 billion) because of dropping subsidies on energy and food item.

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Arjomand, Said Amir, The Turban for the Crown : The Islamic Revolution in Iran, Oxford University Press, c1988, p.144

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National Budget Expenditures for Social and Economic Purposes, Fiscal Year 2004. Government spending as percent of total

2586: 2036: 944: 940: 433: 233: 7834: 6228: 4236: 3749:

5) Excluding special revenues and expenditures and the figure for transparency in the price (subsidy) of energy bearers.

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and 60% of the nation's overall budget. Any surplus revenues from the sale of crude oil and gas are to be paid into the

2619: 2574: 11188: 9598: 9587: 9532: 9480: 9335: 9138: 6580: 3928: 3888: 1965: 1508:(protests against economic hardships, government corruption, Iranian involvement in regional conflicts; 300+ arrested); 1251: 1150: 925: 920: 858: 712: 707: 360: 7673: 3741:

3) The government budget does not include state revenues and expenses derived from state owned commercial enterprises.

1488:(protest against alleged electoral fraud during 2009 elections, violation of human rights, lack of freedom of speech, 10028: 9972: 9952: 9768: 9743: 9639: 9563: 9465: 9095: 8937: 8318: 4930: 4024: 2957: 2636: 1987: 1868: 1765:. However, all candidates to the Assembly of Experts, the President and the Majlis (Parliament), are selected by the 949: 736: 731: 656: 597: 9862: 5934: 3736: 3181: 2711: 2590: 415: 10493: 10059: 8370: 6912: 5328: 3039: 1840: 1465: 568: 534: 7235: 6782: 5105: 10003: 9543: 9379: 9374: 9113: 8740: 6804: 6749:"Why the Iranian government must modernize its cash management system - Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East" 5896: 5583: 5515: 4425: 4027:

and foreign loans, 5-6% GDP growth and 11% inflation. Sixty-five percent of the budget is to be financed through

1922:(i.e. after 1990) when "factional competition" grew "markedly in both intensity and influence". Scholars such as 1884: 1655: 291: 2703: 2681: 2515: 10780: 10680: 10608: 10433: 10313: 10297: 9783: 9718: 9619: 9568: 9340: 9291: 9276: 9180: 9170: 9150: 8942: 8601: 7187: 4261: 3456: 2566:. The bill will be sent back to the parliament for amendments if it is voted down by the Guardian Council. The 1859: 1726: 1517: 1382: 1055: 618: 10241: 9012: 8952: 4493:"Iran (Islamic Republic of)'s Constitution of 1979 with Amendments through 1989. Preamble. Islamic Government" 4448: 2510:

has been a chronic problem in Iran. In 2004, about 45 percent of the government's budget came from exports of

10978: 10467: 9908: 9891: 9798: 9773: 9629: 9537: 9527: 7703: 5277: 4074: 4070: 3628: 3357: 3268: 2629: 1784: 1201: 1166: 573: 472: 377: 47: 6262: 5633:"Iran protests latest: Grand Ayatollah accuses foreign powers of meddling as protest death toll rises to 22" 4062: 3743:

4) The government budget does not account for subsidies paid to state owned commercial enterprise. See also

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The early days of the revolutionary government were characterized by political tumult. In November 1979 the

11224: 10471: 10307: 10023: 9763: 9753: 9501: 9357: 8957: 6887:"Why the Rouhani administration must eliminate energy subsidies - Al-Monitor: The Pulse of the Middle East" 4333: 3730: 3361: 2941: 2757: 2722: 2718: 2707: 2467: 1976: 1511: 1495: 1485: 1378: 1328:

In a 1970 book on the subject circulated to his network of supporters, Khomeini argued that since Islamic

10237: 7369: 4555: 4132:, who is appointed by the Supreme Leader. According to the current law, the Guardian Council approves the 11293: 11183: 11088: 10262: 10256: 10207: 10018: 9848: 9727: 9352: 8018: 5377: 4956: 4452: 4420: 4369: 4051: 3970: 3949: 3722: 2856: 2666: 2028: 1795:

and the parliament. Six of its twelve members are Islamic faqihs (expert in Islamic Law) selected by the

1787:(the Iranian Parliament), supervises elections, and approves or forbids candidates seeking office to the 1111: 558: 488: 4032: 3973:

in budget bill and will be likely forced to double fuel prices. In February 2014, Parliament approved a

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also approved a total budget of $ 508 billion (5,170 trillion rials) that factors in $ 54 billion from

3726: 3264: 3177: 3079: 1912: 796: 578: 541: 401: 7129: 5556: 3840: 3624: 3088: 2871:(& not including other smuggled oil derivatives), equivalent to the "development budget" of Iran. 2852:

were observed in this structure, the government could save at least 30 to 35 percent on its expenses.

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An amendment to the budget was passed in August 2016. This amendment allows the government to issue

419: 11298: 11138: 11103: 11058: 10910: 10886: 10820: 10292: 10082: 9962: 9913: 9885: 9748: 9286: 9200: 8929: 7789: 7496: 6682: 4536: 4047: 3733:" which had earlier been classified as revenue are now referred to as "transfer of capital assets". 2594: 2024: 1623: 1293: 1122: 481: 81: 5404:"١۵٠ ایرانیانی که از خرداد ١٣۸۸ تا تیر ١٣۸۹ به دست رژیم کشته شده اند | انقلاب اسلامی در هجرت" 11028: 11023: 10918: 10523: 10497: 10488: 10358: 10318: 9922: 9858: 9818: 9553: 9404: 9261: 9220: 8478: 4271: 4251: 4148: 4140: 2753: 2741: 2460: 957: 522: 438: 7991: 7969: 7915: 7611: 6437: 6426: 4008: 3760: 3756: 2040: 11148: 11123: 11038: 11018: 10968: 10938: 10928: 10613: 10252: 9993: 9948: 9672: 9634: 9362: 9118: 4276: 2374: 1828: 1823: 1796: 1698: 1689: 1554: 1374: 1318: 1317:—the state and society are ruled by an Islamic jurist. (Khomeini served as the Guardian Jurist 1297: 1259: 1174: 680: 563: 348: 215: 150: 92: 5749:"Special Report: Iran's leader ordered crackdown on unrest – 'Do whatever it takes to end it'" 5028: 3915:

shows an increase of 127 percent. The government also is seeking higher sums for development,

3203:(+) Other revenues (i.e. Public corporations' dividend, Government services & other fees) 11234: 11113: 11108: 10988: 9901: 9853: 9828: 9548: 9296: 9074: 8992: 8609: 8566: 8380: 7647: 6402: 4311: 4058: 4000: 3632: 1880: 1650: 1235: 553: 529: 281: 67: 8106: 7402: 6525: 1879:

There are many nationalist, leftist and monarchist dissident parties and militias including

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the official exchange rate of 12,260 rials for a U.S. dollar, which has been fixed by the

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For a breakdown of expenditures for social and economic purposes, see the attached chart.

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of (what Twelvers believe is) the religious and political leader of Islam—the "infallible

8: 11208: 11153: 11068: 11048: 10933: 10923: 10879: 10192: 9881: 9614: 9506: 9105: 9100: 9064: 8997: 8846: 8534: 7763: 7443: 6433: 5255:"Rights Crisis Escalates Faces and Cases from Ahmadinejad's Crackdown, 20 September 2008" 4246: 4144: 4133: 3966: 3011: 2771: 2640: 2354: 2219: 2182: 2073: 1935: 1888: 1788: 1762: 1449: 1358: 1289: 1267: 1217: 1205: 1154: 972: 835: 465: 368: 237: 170: 8262: 8232: 8202: 8172: 8142: 5254: 4977:

Sahife’ Noor (letters and lectures of Ayatollah Khomeini), Volume 20, p. 170. quoted in

4908: 4004: 3935:, Iran needs oil to average $ 127 a barrel in 2012 for its fiscal budget to break even. 3799:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

2056: 11198: 11133: 11098: 11033: 11013: 11003: 10963: 10948: 10943: 10556: 10518: 10463: 10458: 10363: 10278: 9918: 9778: 9738: 9578: 9573: 9471: 9456: 9215: 9017: 8838: 8807: 8700: 8457: 6953: 5079: 4997: 4883: 4590: 4286: 4281: 4256: 4241: 4211: 4201: 3920: 3884: 3859: 3007: 2991: 2905: 2598: 2567: 2379: 2349: 2303: 2241: 2177: 1939: 1836: 1803:(who is also appointed by the Supreme Leader), and approved by the Iranian Parliament. 1597: 1239: 1084: 890: 880: 830: 825: 808: 651: 604: 140: 99: 8331:

document describing all Ministries and institutes affiliated to the Government of Iran

11263: 11239: 11158: 11118: 11093: 11073: 11008: 10983: 10973: 10958: 10650: 10566: 10483: 10389: 10379: 10288: 10197: 10182: 10177: 10146: 10136: 10126: 10116: 10103: 9958: 9662: 9476: 9414: 9389: 9369: 9319: 9239: 9087: 8716: 8708: 8633: 8585: 8334: 7418: 7207: 6480: 6441: 6341: 6305:

Sherrill, Clifton (2011). "After Khamenei: Who Will Succeed Iran's Supreme Leader?".

6102: 5535: 4776: 3452: 2775: 2730: 2699:, including state owned commercial companies, was $ 295 billion for the same period. 2538: 2444: 2425: 2333: 2281: 2138: 2093: 2088: 1951: 1792: 1751: 1747: 1629: 1591: 1586: 1441: 1437: 1366: 1310: 1262:

of Iran, and for Islamic jurists to serve in other powerful institutions such as the

1243: 1197: 1162: 1158: 1080: 885: 870: 845: 671: 397: 119: 109: 8076: 8039: 4957:"Iran Report, A Weekly Review of Developments in and Pertaining to Iran, 3 May 2004" 1095: 11078: 11043: 10998: 10902: 10537: 10528: 10438: 10428: 10384: 10224: 10212: 10166: 10111: 9928: 9793: 9624: 9593: 9419: 9128: 8748: 7733: 6337: 6314: 6232: 5071: 4875: 4117: 4028: 4023:(about 262 billion US dollars). Assumptions made in the budget are $ 50 billion in 3996: 3992: 3912: 3880: 3822: 3045: 2864: 2860: 2684:. Overall, an estimated 50 percent of Iran's GDP was exempt from taxes in FY 2004. 2656: 2563: 2527: 2298: 2288: 2187: 2167: 2143: 2009: 1778: 1766: 1722: 1263: 1209: 1193: 1178: 1103: 990: 962: 685: 498: 425: 407: 5467: 2855:

Contrary to the main objective and because of a lack in the implementation of the

1083:

which was formed following the overthrow of Iran's millennia-long monarchy by the

10571: 10508: 10443: 10418: 10403: 10342: 10131: 9983: 9873: 9695: 9394: 9330: 9234: 9082: 8984: 8756: 8732: 8668: 8649: 8641: 8617: 8502: 8444: 8351: 7998: 7976: 7922: 7326: 7053: 6977: 6972: 6573:"Khamenei controls massive financial empire built on property seizures, (part 1)" 5403: 5302: 4562: 4543: 4479: 4320: 4221: 4182: 4040: 3916: 3892: 3659: 2937: 2884: 2605: 2430: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2364: 2328: 2226: 2207: 2150: 2113: 2078: 2020: 1755: 1739: 1107: 1099: 1027: 865: 445: 187: 6570: 6318: 5317: 5029:"Revisiting Ayatollah Khomeini's Doctrine of Wilayat al-Faqıh (Velayat-e Faqıh)" 10413: 9933: 9758: 9246: 9210: 8873: 8791: 8724: 8550: 7940: 7585: 7532: 7046: 6991: 6830: 6641: 6171: 5982: 4121: 3825:

year 1388 (2009–2010), of the $ 102 billion earmarked for government spending,

3111: 2849: 2813: 2783: 2578: 2559: 2511: 2507: 2323: 2263: 2251: 2048: 1923: 1706: 1182: 1130: 624: 6602: 5660:"Iran's enemies to blame for unrest, says supreme leader, as death toll rises" 5221:"Mandates of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances; ..." 5178: 5075: 4879: 4143:

say this system creates a closed circle of power. Iranian reformists, such as

2762: 1361:

and kept captive for 444 days because of support of the US government for the

11282: 11257: 10644: 10548: 10533: 10503: 10448: 10328: 10283: 10232: 10202: 8905: 8799: 8764: 8486: 8346: 7826: 6572: 5866:"Khamenei says Iran must go green - Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East" 2963: 2308: 2258: 2236: 2231: 2214: 2155: 2131: 2108: 2098: 2083: 2066: 1927: 1702: 1213: 1189: 1170: 507: 136: 57: 7085:"The Memorandum of The Foreign Trade Regime of The Islamic Republic of Iran" 6526:"Mostazafan and Janbazan (Oppressed and Disabled Veterans) Foundation (MJF)" 5897:"Exclusive: Iran pursues ballistic missile work, complicating nuclear talks" 10576: 10561: 10513: 10422: 9967: 9833: 9256: 9205: 8913: 8897: 8881: 8823: 7734:"Iran's next year budget bill sees economic growth at 3%, inflation at 21%" 6334:

Mullahs, Guards, and Bonyads: An Exploration of Iranian Leadership Dynamics

5664: 4107: 4020: 3962: 3908: 3855: 3116: 3064: 2448: 2268: 2246: 2172: 2103: 1919: 1731: 1559: 1499: 1362: 1322: 895: 875: 646: 353: 160: 5983:"Iran: Executive, legislative branch officials endorse privatization plan" 2672:

In 2004, about 45 percent of the government's budget came from exports of

11267: 10654: 10618: 10369: 10054: 9977: 9808: 6571:

Steve Stecklow; Babak Dehghanpisheh; Yeganeh Torbati (11 November 2013).

5926: 4168: 2933: 2925: 2523: 2369: 1750:, national planning of population growth, the amount of transparency in 1417: 1015: 929: 900: 840: 37: 4176: 1022: 10008: 9399: 8921: 8889: 8815: 8783: 8593: 8295: 7227: 6774: 6194:"Everything you need to know about Iran's Assembly of Experts election" 5083: 5059: 4887: 4863: 3923:. Approved budget of 5,660 trillion Rials $ 477 billion is based on an 2318: 2293: 2194: 2118: 1844: 1489: 1282: 1138: 1126: 6808: 6133:"Rafsanjani breaks taboo over selection of Iran's next supreme leader" 5519: 4594: 4578: 2848:

According to the head of the Department of Statistics of Iran, if the

2562:. Once approved by Majlis, the bill still needs to be ratified by the 9134:

International military intervention against the Islamic State (2014–)

8854: 8831: 8625: 8558: 8526: 6013:"Khamenei slams Rouhani as Iran's regime adopted UN education agenda" 5584:"Iran Confronts 3rd Day of Protests, With Calls for Khamenei to Quit" 4036: 3948:. The budget law also includes income of 500 trillion Rials from the 3924: 3851: 3060: 2822:

In FY 2004, central government expenditures were divided as follows:

2677: 2643:, NDFI must coordinate its investment decisions and actions with the 2597:. The 5-year plan is part of "Vision 2025", a strategy for long-term 1307: 1146: 254: 7471:"Iran parliament approves reduced sanction-hit budget - Yahoo! News" 7191: 6940:

IMF. "Selected Issues" Report, Islamic Republic of Iran, March 2018.

5164:"The Latter-Day Sultan, Power and Politics in Iran" by Akbar Ganji, 3766: 3448: 1811: 1173:, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran is supervised by a 10871: 10665: 10044: 9384: 9266: 8518: 8338: 5894: 5888: 5801:"Iranian police clash with protesters after water shortage rallies" 5657: 5606:"Iranian protesters attack police stations, raise stakes in unrest" 4397: 1839:", became two of the major political factions in the country. The 1430:

Somewhere between 3000 and 30,000 political prisoners were executed

7047:

Iran's external debts cut by $ 10b, hit $ 7.2b: Central Bank Chief

6719:"Iran's 'Frozen' Assets: Exaggeration on Both Sides of the Debate" 4689:

Islam and Revolution I, Writings and declarations of Imam Khomeini

2721:

at or below the budget's price assumption, 14.5% remains with the

1373:

Iran's post-revolution challenges have included the imposition of

1302: 10587: 8510: 7341:"Iran Parliament Cut Budget 2.25% Before Approval, Donya Reports" 6608: 4860:

paraphrased speech, UN Doc. A/C.3/39/SR.65, para. 95. quoted in

4537:

Taking Stock of a Quarter Century of the Islamic Republic of Iran

4035:, based on 2.25 million barrels of oil sales per day, an average 1735: 1386:

half of what it had been in 1976, shortly before the revolution.

1279: 322: 29: 6473:

Ayse, Valentine; Nash, Jason John; Leland, Rice (January 2013).

2661: 1502:, human rights violations; 23-25 killed, 4,972 people arrested); 10393: 9713: 8542: 8365: 8313: 5378:"Chaos prevails as protesters, police clash in Iranian capital" 4125: 2809: 2767: 2614: 2609: 2493: 2313: 1329: 1285: 71: 8399: 7586:"Iranian Parliament passes $ 593 billion national budget bill" 6043:"Leader outlines elections guidelines, calls for transparency" 5836:"Iran's Khamenei hits out at Rafsanjani in rare public rebuke" 5719:"Iran lawmaker says some 3,700 arrested amid protests, unrest" 3879:

The public budget was $ 165 billion (1,770 trillion rials) in

2645:

macro-economic and monetary policies of the government of Iran

2639:(NDFI) does not depend on Iran's budget. But according to the 2502: 1734:), has been in power since 1989. His powers extend to issuing 1273: 9251: 7887:"Iran to draw on sovereign fund to withstand oil price slide" 5692:"Iran: le bilan officiel des manifestations monte à 25 morts" 4196: 3907:

The proposed budget for 2011–2012 amounts to 5.1 quadrillion

2782:

in the period 1992–2000 and contributed to an average annual

2625: 2497: 1799:, and the other six are jurists nominated by the Head of the 1472:), and violent attack on a student dormitory by riot police; 1334: 1142: 1806: 9031: 8494: 8430: 7071:"Iran among world's top countries with lowest foreign debt" 6604:

National Development Fund of Iran an overview of activities

5927:"IranWire - Asking for a Miracle: Khamenei's Economic Plan" 5352:"BBCPersian: The cases of the victims of the 2009 election" 5210:, 174–256 (20 October 1983 – 8 August 1985). 4147:

have considered this to be the core legal obstacle for the

4128:

from among the Muslim jurists nominated by the Head of the

2618:) whose combined budgets make up more than 30% that of the 1956:

These are the most recent elections that have taken place:

1342: 1338: 1134: 6913:"Why Fuel is Smuggled Out of Iran and Why No One Stops It" 6805:"PUBLICATIONS INFORMATION BASE Statistical Centre of Iran" 6103:"BBC NEWS - Middle East - Iranian vice-president 'sacked'" 4979:

Vaezi, Ahmed (2004). "The Dominion Of The Wali Al-Faqih".

1348: 10009:

Industrial Development and Renovation Organization (IDRO)

8374: 8328: 3131: 2929: 7827:"Iranian government likely forced to double fuel prices" 5957:"Khamenei outlines 14-point plan to increase population" 3895:

10,500 for the same period. The 2011-12 total budget is

3099: 8393: 8300:

Hidden Iran - Paradox and Power in the Islamic Republic

6505: 6247: 5051: 5016: 4617:"VELAYAT-E FAQIH Theory of governance in Shiʿite Islam" 4556:

Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, section 8

4546:, Wilfried Buchta, Harvard Law School, June 2005, p.5–6 3383:(+) Others (Value of movable and immovable properties) 2816:

programs of which more than 50% covered pension costs.

2665:

Iran's projected oil and gas projected revenues by the

1721:, and other key governmental organizations such as the 5793: 5658:

Səid Kəmali Dəğan və Culiyan Borqer (2 January 2018).

5303:"New Arrests and "Disappearances" of Iranian Students" 5278:"Iran's Protests and the Threat to Domestic Stability" 4777:"Huge cost of Iranian brain drain By Frances Harrison" 3449:

Acquisition of capital assets/development expenditures

7857:"Iranian Parliament Passes Budget in Win for Rouhani" 5106:"Which Famous Figure Had the Biggest Public Funeral?" 2543:

Overall or "Total" Government Budget; which includes

1476:

of more than seventy students, 1,200–1,400 arrested);

8040:"Govt. favors weaning research from national budget" 6831:"Ten Million Iranians Under 'Absolute Poverty Line'" 5282:

CSIS, Center for Strategic and International Studies

5177:Sally E. Merry, New York University, writing about 5060:"Islamic Rights or Human Rights: An Iranian Dilemma" 4864:"Islamic Rights or Human Rights: An Iranian Dilemma" 4158: 2898: Unsecurized Public Debt (43.3% of GDP) (88.2%) 1468:(protesting the closure of the reformist newspaper ( 1296:", (who Shi'a believe will reappear sometime before 7674:"Iran's president: Nuclear deal has helped economy" 6065: 5895:Louis Charbonneau and Parisa Hafezi (16 May 2014). 2014: 1524: 1379:

diplomatic relations with Iran by the United States

7018:"Iran: Concluding Statement of an IMF Staff Visit" 6425: 5325:"Iran official says 36 killed in post-vote unrest" 5200: 4136:candidates, who in turn elect the Supreme Leader. 2867:incur a loss of $ 3.3 billion annually because of 8001:. Turquoise Partners. Retrieved 26 February 2015. 7979:. Turquoise Partners. Retrieved 25 February 2015. 7925:. Turquoise Partners. Retrieved 25 February 2015. 6636: 6634: 6632: 6630: 4573: 4571: 4007:is at 0.06% (where it should be 2.5% of GDP) and 1812:Political parties, organizations, pressure groups 1707:highest ranking political and religious authority 11280: 8012:"Memorandum of the foreign trade regime of Iran" 7393: 7391: 6966:Iran to test investor confidence with debt issue 5775:"Iran arrests 7,000 fuel protesters in one week" 5343: 4923: 4674:Khomeinism : Essays on the Islamic Republic 4485: 4418: 2717:As of 2016, the formula set by law is that, for 2706:in the budget through the implementation of the 1981: 9070:December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum 8077:"Rouhani presents $ 262b budget bill to Majlis" 7291:"Ahmadi-Nejad unveils expansionary Iran budget" 6479:. London, U.K.: The Business Year. p. 41. 6255:"Iranian Government Constitution, English Text" 5919: 5828: 5224:Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights 4608: 4019:Proposed government budget is 9.52-quadrillion 3542:+ Operational balance (see above for details*) 2845:would save 20 percent of the country's budget. 1754:, and who is to be fired and reinstated in the 1098:in 2000) as combining "the ideological bent of 265:Judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran 9156:2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests 9055:March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum 8325:Memorandum of the foreign trade regime of Iran 7255: 7253: 6627: 6472: 6423: 6095: 5858: 5557:"Here's why the Iran protests are significant" 5247: 4694: 4568: 4473:IRAN: POLITICS, THE MILITARY AND GULF SECURITY 4421:"Candidates rejected and Guardians Criticized" 2702:The Government seeks to increase the share of 1858:Active student groups include the pro-reform " 1506:2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests 10887: 10681: 8938:Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911) 8415: 8083:. Tehran Times Social Desk. 18 January 2016. 7941:"Iran's Neoliberal Austerity-Security Budget" 7388: 7120: 7118: 7116: 6298: 5370: 5206:source: Anonymous "Prison and Imprisonment", 5136:"The ten largest gatherings in human history" 4650: 4634: 2729:(NDF), 2% goes to deprived and oil-producing 2468: 1056: 10014:Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO) 7987: 7985: 7935: 7933: 7931: 7533:"Iranian Government Facing Budget Shortfall" 6677: 6675: 6673: 6424:Curtis, Glenn; Hooglund, Eric (April 2008). 6370: 6354: 6269: 5716: 5630: 5598: 5349: 4514: 4482:by Darius Bazargan, v.1, n.3, September 1997 4412: 4393:"Khamenei's brother attacks reformist purge" 2552:Management and Planning Organization of Iran 1383:cost the country millions of educated people 9124:2009 Iranian presidential election protests 7560:"Iran needs oil at $ 127 to balance budget" 7320:PBS - Iran Primer: The Oil and Gas Industry 7250: 5741: 5684: 4334:"Democracy Index 2021: the China challenge" 4305: 4303: 4102: 3831:revenues from the sale of crude oil and gas 3660:Repayment of external debts and obligations 2687:As of 2010, oil income accounts for 80% of 1480:2009 Iranian presidential election protests 1278:Guardianship of the Jurist is a concept in 1274:Establishment of guardianship of the jurist 1258:(Guardian Islamic Jurist), to serve as the 11304:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran 10894: 10880: 10688: 10674: 9630:Islamic Consultative Assembly (parliament) 9492:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran 9008:1949 Iranian Constituent Assembly election 8422: 8408: 7288: 7113: 6992:"IMF: Iran accord to lift Mideast economy" 6956:, November 2014. Retrieved 1 October 2015. 6391: 6389: 4854: 4384: 4237:International Rankings of Iran in Politics 3836:28% will come from taxes and the remaining 3658:(–) Acquisition of financial assets (i.e. 3106:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran 2475: 2461: 2055: 1063: 1049: 613:Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution 9139:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015) 7982: 7928: 7764:"Irandaily - No. 4680 - Front page. p. 1" 7648:"Irandaily - No. 4671 - Front page. p. 1" 6670: 5430:"Iran's Karroubi isolated but determined" 5396: 5026: 4954: 4614: 1999:2024 Iranian Assembly of Experts election 1807:Political parties, factions and elections 1529: 1224: 8958:Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020) 8355:) is being considered for deletion. See 8233:"Mohammad Ali Abtahi - Media - Articles" 7824: 7060:, 27 May 2013. Retrieved 24 August 2013. 6936: 6934: 6566: 6564: 6304: 5710: 5581: 5422: 5327:. AFP. 10 September 2009. Archived from 5257:. Iranhumanrights.org. 20 September 2008 5213: 4774: 4583:Journal of the American Oriental Society 4300: 4106: 2761: 2660: 2501: 1321:until his death in 1989. His successor, 9744:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) 8383:at the University of Maryland libraries 8071: 8069: 8067: 8065: 7970:Iran Investment Monthly (December 2014) 7338: 6861:"Iran: Largest Fuel Subsidizer in 2018" 6386: 4901: 3263:(–) Expenditure payments/current (i.e. 2678:fluctuations in world petroleum markets 1893:People's Mujahedin Organization of Iran 1761:The Supreme Leader is appointed by the 1349:Post-revolutionary political conditions 11281: 9282:History of democracy in classical Iran 8183:from the original on 27 September 2007 7992:Iran Investment Monthly (January 2015) 7916:Iran Investment Monthly (January 2015) 7592:from the original on 24 September 2015 7423:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 7364: 7362: 7289:Bozorgmehr, Najmeh (24 January 2010). 7284: 7282: 7212:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 6331: 5694:. Le Monde with AFP. 14 January 2018. 5594:from the original on 30 December 2017. 5554: 5540:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 5410:from the original on 12 September 2010 5180:The Politics of Women's Rights in Iran 5103: 4312:Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes 4217:Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran 3180:(i.e. Income tax, Corporate tax, VAT, 2940:(45%), private contractors (37%), and 2914: External Debt (1.5% of GDP) (3%) 2892:Distribution of Public Debt (FY 2016) 2808:Iran spent 22.5% of its 2003 national 2786:of 14 percent in the period 2000–2008. 2570:acts as final arbiter in any dispute. 1992: 335:Government of Islamic Republic of Iran 10875: 10669: 10080: 10004:Defense Industries Organization (DIO) 9789:Iran and the World Trade Organization 9693: 9436: 9317: 8442: 8403: 8273:from the original on 21 February 2012 8243:from the original on 21 February 2012 8213:from the original on 21 February 2012 8153:from the original on 21 February 2012 8123:from the original on 5 September 2017 7867:from the original on 29 November 2014 7770:from the original on 23 December 2013 7684:from the original on 29 November 2014 7654:from the original on 14 December 2013 7557: 7238:from the original on 24 February 2012 7168:from the original on 21 December 2011 6931: 6583:from the original on 12 November 2013 6561: 6536:from the original on 6 September 2017 6454:from the original on 16 December 2019 6161:(see Article 108 of the constitution) 6143:from the original on 18 December 2016 5781:from the original on 27 November 2019 5755:from the original on 23 December 2019 5698:from the original on 22 November 2019 5582:Erdbrink, Thomas (30 December 2017). 5575: 5548: 5305:. Human Rights Watch. 1 February 2013 5275: 5057: 4978: 4861: 3112:Financial situation of the Government 3100:Financial situation of the government 2826:current expenditures, 59 percent, and 1906: 1901:Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan 1145:), and it also combines elements of 10901: 10695: 9176:2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests 9166:2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests 8381:Iranian Political History collection 8087:from the original on 31 January 2016 8062: 7714:from the original on 31 January 2014 7513:from the original on 31 October 2013 7347:from the original on 5 November 2012 7329:. Pbs.org, Retrieved 27 October 2010 6998:from the original on 14 October 2015 6767: 6699:from the original on 18 January 2016 6417: 5464:"Iran: Freedom of expression denied" 5384:from the original on 30 January 2011 5146:from the original on 29 October 2021 5116:from the original on 30 October 2021 4775:Harrison, Frances (8 January 2007). 4419:A. William Samii (17 January 2000). 4390: 4041:US dollar-Iranian rial exchange rate 3779: 3770:spending and liability not included. 3012:exports of goods services and income 2801:15 percent for national defense, and 2558:by the government to the parliament/ 2550:Iran's budget is established by the 10409:Chicago Persian antiquities dispute 10050:Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone 10024:National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) 9823:UN Security Council Resolution 1747 9558:UN Security Council Resolution 1747 7951:from the original on 21 August 2016 7897:from the original on 15 August 2018 7359: 7279: 6841:from the original on 5 January 2012 6595: 6182:from the original on 21 August 2018 5993:from the original on 5 January 2017 5825:Article 89-91, Iranian Constitution 5672:from the original on 2 January 2018 5639:from the original on 2 January 2018 5612:from the original on 1 January 2018 5563:from the original on 1 January 2018 5466:. 26 September 2011. Archived from 4831:Low reached in 1995, from: Mackey, 4589:(3): 549–562. July–September 1991. 4441: 4192:Assassination and terrorism in Iran 4116:According to the constitution, the 4066: 3852:average price of $ 37.50 per barrel 3839:19% from other sources such as the 3623:Transfer of financial assets (i.e. 2595:five-year economic development plan 1772: 1325:, is still ruling as of mid 2023.) 1079:takes place in the framework of an 234:Presidential Administration of Iran 13: 8948:Kurdish separatism in Iran (1918–) 8306: 7370:"More subsidy cuts in Iran budget" 7263:. 13 November 2009. Archived from 7228:"Annual Review" for 1387(2008/09)" 7028:from the original on 18 April 2018 6807:. 3 September 2011. Archived from 6615:from the original on 15 March 2016 6053:from the original on 1 August 2017 5440:. 25 February 2011. Archived from 5276:Jones, Seth G. (8 November 2019). 5070:(3 (Summer)/4 (Autumn)): 269–270. 4874:(3 (Summer)/4 (Autumn)): 269–296. 4787:from the original on 29 March 2012 3858:of 9,500 Rials. Iran balances its 3700:= Net transfer of financial assets 3461:Welfare and Social Security System 3455:, Urban and Rural Development and 2334:Trade / commerce ministry 1966:2024 Iranian presidential election 1738:and making final decisions on the 1252:Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist 1229: 1169:(Majles). Unlike other Western or 1151:Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist 361:Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist 14: 11315: 10019:Iran Electronics Industries (IEI) 9640:Supreme National Security Council 9466:Persian Constitutional Revolution 9096:Interim Government of Iran (1981) 9003:Insurgency in Balochistan (1948–) 8993:Shatt al-Arab dispute (1936–1975) 8387: 8359:to help reach a consensus. › 8050:from the original on 10 June 2016 7806:from the original on 14 July 2014 7704:"Iran's 2014 Budget Taking Shape" 7628:from the original on 3 March 2016 7539:from the original on 11 June 2015 7339:Nasseri, Ladane (27 April 2011). 6919:from the original on 18 July 2019 6893:from the original on 22 July 2019 6867:from the original on 22 July 2019 6785:from the original on 18 June 2011 6729:from the original on 27 June 2017 6658:from the original on 22 June 2015 6113:from the original on 25 July 2009 5937:from the original on 7 March 2016 5907:from the original on 31 July 2017 5846:from the original on 4 April 2016 5104:Pendle, George (29 August 2018). 4704:, Tehran, 7 January 1988, online] 4350:from the original on 20 May 2024. 3775: 3590:= Operational and capital balance 2958:Foreign direct investment in Iran 2947: 2926:total claims on the public sector 2829:capital expenditures, 32 percent. 2740:Iran has not yet implemented the 2637:National Development Fund of Iran 2573:Following annual approval of the 1988:2024 Iranian legislative election 1970: 1897:Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas 1869:List of political parties in Iran 1683: 950:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation 598:Supreme National Security Council 11262: 11253: 11252: 10649: 10640: 10639: 9615:Assembly (or Council) of Experts 8312: 8255: 8225: 8195: 8165: 8135: 8099: 8032: 8004: 7963: 7909: 7879: 7849: 7837:from the original on 8 June 2015 7818: 7782: 7756: 7744:from the original on 5 July 2014 7726: 7696: 7666: 7640: 7604: 7578: 7566:from the original on 5 June 2015 7551: 7525: 7489: 7463: 7451:from the original on 5 June 2015 7431: 7376:from the original on 15 May 2011 7332: 7313: 7301:from the original on 8 June 2011 7220: 7180: 7144: 7077: 7063: 7040: 7010: 6984: 6959: 6943: 6905: 6879: 6853: 6823: 6797: 6755:from the original on 4 July 2019 6523: 6023:from the original on 31 May 2017 5358:from the original on 8 June 2012 4175: 4161: 4048:sixth five-year development plan 3784: 3757:state owned commercial companies 3087: 3072: 3053: 3038: 3022: 2999: 2983: 2971: 2908:Public Debt (4.3% of GDP) (8.8%) 2798:17 percent for economic affairs, 2689:Iran's foreign currency revenues 2676:, although this varies with the 2443: 2015:Public finance and fiscal policy 1841:Executives of Construction Party 1660: 1628: 1596: 1564: 1525:Leading figures and institutions 1466:Iran student protests, July 1999 1021: 1009: 321: 28: 9814:Military equipment manufactured 9380:Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests 9144:United States withdrawal (2018) 9065:Iran hostage crisis (1979–1981) 8429: 8021:. November 2009. Archived from 6741: 6711: 6548: 6517: 6466: 6325: 6285: 6221: 6212: 6164: 6155: 6125: 6035: 6005: 5975: 5949: 5819: 5767: 5717:Con Qambrell (9 January 2018). 5651: 5631:Kim Senqupta (2 January 2018). 5624: 5508: 5482: 5456: 5295: 5269: 5238: 5187: 5171: 5158: 5128: 5097: 4971: 4948: 4838: 4825: 4812: 4799: 4768: 4738: 4729: 4720: 4707: 4679: 4666: 4549: 4530: 4437:– via GlobalSecurity.org. 4426:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 4315:(Lynne Rienner, 2000), p. 36. 4098:2022–23 Iranian national budget 4087:2021–22 Iranian national budget 3993:taxation on large organizations 3821:In Iran's state budget for the 3708:Acquisition of financial assets 2804:13 percent for general affairs. 2747: 1389: 1313:and the basis of government in 1216:'s candidacy for a seat in the 1177:and an appointed and unelected 11220:British Indian Ocean Territory 10374:modern / contemporary 9620:Expediency Discernment Council 8943:1908 bombardment of the Majlis 8932:Caucasus (18th–20th centuries) 8456: 8263:"Mohammad Ali Abtahi - Weblog" 8203:"Mohammad Ali Abtahi - Weblog" 8173:"Mohammad Ali Abtahi - Weblog" 8143:"Mohammad Ali Abtahi - Weblog" 6376: 6360: 6275: 6218:Article 99 of the constitution 4615:Algar, Hamid; Hooglund, Eric. 4466: 4449:"Iranian Elections, 1997-2001" 4354: 4326: 4262:List of current Iran governors 4124:and 6 jurists, elected by the 3598:Net transfer of capital assets 3510:Net transfer of capital assets 3067:exchange rate (2003-2014 est.) 2874: 2795:59 percent for social affairs, 2533:Iran has two types of budget: 1860:Office for Strengthening Unity 1727:Expediency Discernment Council 1300:) -- righteous Shi'i jurists ( 1137:associate themselves with the 1102:with the limited pluralism of 619:Expediency Discernment Council 1: 9588:state-sponsorship allegations 9318: 8344: 8289: 5058:Mayer, Ann Elizabeth (1996). 5025:, January 8, 1988; quoted in 4862:Mayer, Ann Elizabeth (1996). 4391:Muir, Jim (12 January 2000). 4293: 3358:Ministry of Petroleum of Iran 3269:Iranian targeted subsidy plan 1982:Islamic Consultative Assembly 1785:Islamic Consultative Assembly 1394: 1357:was seized and its occupants 1090:Iran's system of government ( 574:High Council for Human rights 535:Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Ezhe'i 473:Islamic Consultative Assembly 378:Mohammad-Ali Movahedi Kermani 48:Islamic Consultative Assembly 10045:Asaluyeh industrial corridor 9437: 9346:twin towns and sister cities 8652:Persis (after 132 BC–AD 224) 8529:Mannai (10th–7th century BC) 8505:Empire (c.2334 BC–c.2154 BC) 7825:AzerNews (29 January 2014). 7261:"Statistical Centre of Iran" 6476:The Business Year 2013: Iran 6332:Thaler; et al. (2010). 5350:BBCPersianTV (8 June 2012). 5195:The Ayatollah Begs to Differ 5027:MATSUNAGA, Yasuyuki (2009). 4676:by Ervand Abrahamian, p.34-5 4656: 4640: 4520: 3889:price hikes and subsidy cuts 3850:are calculated based on the 3704:Transfer of financial assets 3633:Sale of participation papers 3362:National Iranian Oil Company 3356:and oil products (see also: 2863:. As a direct consequence, 2758:Iranian Economic Reform Plan 2723:National Iranian Oil Company 2693:Oil Stabilization Fund (OSF) 2674:oil and natural gas revenues 2512:oil and natural gas revenues 1977:2017 Iranian local elections 1959: 1945: 1656:Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i 1423: 1181:half of which is made up of 695:Recent and future elections 292:Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i 198:Cabinet of Masoud Pezeshkian 7: 10324:Water supply and sanitation 10081: 10055:Kish Island Free Trade Zone 9694: 9114:KDPI insurgency (1989–1996) 8489:civilization (3100–2700 BC) 8443: 6981:. Retrieved 1 October 2015. 6319:10.1016/j.orbis.2011.07.002 6172:"ICL - Iran - Constitution" 5608:. Reuters. 2 January 2018. 5555:Gast, Phil; Andone, Dakin. 4809:46, n.3 (summer 1992): 421) 4750:www.washingtoninstitute.org 4366:Central Intelligence Agency 4341:Economist Intelligence Unit 4154: 4065:in an attempt to clear its 4054:is to continue until 2021. 4039:of 40 dollars a barrel and 4031:and the remaining 35% from 3829:53% will be funded through 3735:2) In 2007/08, it includes 3723:International Monetary Fund 3029:Iran's oil vs non-oil real 2924:and financial institutions 2667:International Monetary Fund 2650: 2029:Supreme Audit Court of Iran 2003: 1831:reorganised themselves as " 1709:(above the President). The 1455: 1112:Economist Intelligence Unit 921:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 559:Islamic Revolutionary Court 434:Presidential Administration 10: 11320: 10786:Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad 9804:Economy of the Middle East 9181:2021–2022 Iranian protests 9171:2019–2020 Iranian protests 9151:2017–2018 Iranian protests 8612:Cappadocia (320s BC–AD 17) 7126:"سازمان توسعه تجارت ایران" 4095: 4091: 4084: 4080: 4067:debt to the private sector 4014: 4005:R&D's share in the GNP 3985: 3955: 3938: 3902: 3874: 3865: 3816: 3761:Statistical Center of Iran 3721:1) Since 2002, the latest 3425:Transfer of capital assets 3103: 2951: 2878: 2751: 2654: 2587:monetary and credit policy 2491: 2163:Deficit / surplus 2018: 2007: 1996: 1985: 1974: 1963: 1949: 1913:Political factions in Iran 1910: 1822:After the revolution, the 1815: 1776: 1687: 1518:2021–2022 Iranian protests 1188:The Supreme Leader is the 11248: 11207: 11167: 10909: 10726:Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari 10703: 10635: 10601: 10547: 10350: 10341: 10271: 10223: 10155: 10102: 10093: 10089: 10076: 10037: 10029:National Development Fund 9992: 9949:Telecommunications and IT 9943:Anglo-Persian Oil Company 9872: 9769:Foreign direct investment 9714:Bonyad (charitable trust) 9706: 9702: 9689: 9648: 9607: 9449: 9445: 9432: 9326: 9313: 9193: 9060:1979 Khuzestan insurgency 9050:Interim Government (1979) 9029: 8977: 8970: 8866: 8776: 8693: 8684: 8661: 8578: 8471: 8464: 8455: 8451: 8438: 8107:"Iran Investment monthly" 7790:"Iran Investment monthly" 7612:"Iran Investment monthly" 7497:"Iran Investment monthly" 6683:"Iran Investment monthly" 6432:. Washington, D.C., USA: 5076:10.1080/00210869608701851 4880:10.1080/00210869608701851 4267:List of Iranian officials 4227:Foreign relations of Iran 3980:National Development Fund 3856:US Dollar conversion rate 3793:This section needs to be 3753:"Total Government Budget" 3432:- 147,715.8 (-157,215.8) 2727:National Development Fund 2680:and 31 percent came from 2608:is the large size of the 2514:and 31 percent came from 2487: 2264:Monetary (currency) union 1818:Political parties in Iran 1410:velayat-e motlaqaye faqih 1402:Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi 1094:) has been described (by 569:General Inspection Office 297: 287: 280: 270: 260: 253: 243: 229: 221: 211: 203: 193: 183: 176: 166: 156: 146: 135: 125: 115: 105: 98: 91: 77: 63: 53: 43: 36: 27: 20: 10969:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 9779:International oil bourse 9544:Ministry of Intelligence 9129:Syrian civil war (2011–) 8953:1921 Persian coup d'état 8357:templates for discussion 8335:Guide: How Iran is Ruled 7975:26 February 2015 at the 5168:, November/December 2008 4955:John Pike (3 May 2004). 4746:"Iran's Economic Morass" 4561:23 November 2010 at the 4542:27 February 2008 at the 4103:Complexity of the system 4011:is almost non‑existent. 3862:around $ 75 per barrel. 3727:taxes and other revenues 2954:Foreign exposure of Iran 2733:, and 63.5% goes to the 2725:(NIOC), 20% goes to the 2591:Money and Credit Council 2025:Economic history of Iran 1845:Akbar Hashemi-Rafsanjani 1624:Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf 1512:2019–20 Iranian protests 1496:2017–18 Iranian protests 1486:2011–12 Iranian protests 1315:Islamic Republic of Iran 1123:Islamic Republic of Iran 482:Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf 82:Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf 22:Islamic Republic of Iran 11230:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 10303:scientists and scholars 9809:Milad Tower and complex 9599:Women's rights movement 9594:White Revolution (1963) 9262:Peoples of the Caucasus 8604:Armenia (321 BC–AD 428) 8497:dynasties (2700–540 BC) 8371:Iran who hold the power 6950:Iran Investment Monthly 6723:Washingtoninstitute.org 6649:The Library of Congress 6642:"About this Collection" 6295:, Norton, (2005), p.353 4478:15 January 2010 at the 4272:Nuclear program of Iran 4252:Iranian reform movement 4149:reform movement in Iran 4009:industry-driven R&D 3457:Housing Provision Plans 3094:Iranian budget process. 2754:Military budget of Iran 2742:treasury single account 2710:through more effective 2530:of the following year. 2037:Monetary policy in Iran 1885:Constitutionalist Party 1835:", and along with the " 1288:that holds that in the 439:Gholam-Hossein Esmaeili 10836:Sistan and Baluchestan 10614:Anti-Iranian sentiment 10609:Science and technology 10434:Intellectual movements 10314:International rankings 10298:Intellectual movements 9784:International rankings 9277:Heads of state of Iran 9083:Nojeh coup plot (1980) 8644:Empire (247 BC–AD 224) 8481:culture (3400–2000 BC) 6971:2 January 2016 at the 6556:History of Modern Iran 6530:www.globalsecurity.org 6398:Iran - MSN Encarta> 4982:Shia Political Thought 4277:Prime Minister of Iran 4113: 4059:debt based instruments 3739:at Rls. 9,500 billion. 3637:Oil Stabilization Fund 3625:Privatization proceeds 3609:156,614.1 (166,114.0) 3157:Revenues and payments 3115:2007-2009 (In billion 3080:Oil and gas production 3031:GDP growth projections 2843:Iran's subsidy reforms 2787: 2669: 2519: 2375:Discretionary spending 2041:Science policy in Iran 1875:Anti-government groups 1829:Islamic Republic Party 1824:Islamic Republic Party 1797:Supreme Leader of Iran 1699:Supreme Leader of Iran 1690:Supreme Leader of Iran 1573:; 35 years ago 1530:Current office holders 1363:Shah (monarch) of Iran 1319:Supreme Leader of Iran 1225:History and background 941:Diplomatic missions of 564:Special Clerical Court 547:Mohammad Movahedi-Azad 9902:Shetab Banking System 9892:Banking and insurance 9854:Tehran Stock Exchange 9774:Intellectual property 9119:PJAK conflict (2004–) 8892:Turcomans (1378–1508) 8884:Turcomans (1374–1468) 8833:Ilkhanate (1256–1335) 8636:Pontus (281 BC–AD 62) 8302:, New York 2006, ISBN 8114:Turquoisepartners.com 7797:Turquoisepartners.com 7619:Turquoisepartners.com 7504:Turquoisepartners.com 6690:Turquoisepartners.com 6428:Iran, a country study 5380:. CNN. 21 June 2009. 5184:accessed 30-June-2009 4110: 3950:subsidies reform plan 3841:privatization program 3629:World Bank facilities 3046:Military expenditures 3016:between 1990 and 1997 2932:. IMF estimates that 2765: 2664: 2610:religious foundations 2545:state-owned companies 2505: 1997:Further information: 1986:Further information: 1975:Further information: 1950:Further information: 1911:Further information: 1816:Further information: 1777:Further information: 1688:Further information: 1669:; 3 years ago 1637:; 4 years ago 1619:Speaker of Parliament 1605:; 54 days ago 1238:was overthrown by an 1236:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 1200:, a parliament (or a 859:Intellectual backdrop 11144:United Arab Emirates 9863:Technology start-ups 9764:Environmental issues 9754:Economic Reform Plan 9668:Provincial governors 9358:Environmental issues 9106:Iran Air Flight 655 8847:Jalayirid Sultanate 8719:Caliphate (750–1258) 8561:Kingdom (652–625 BC) 8341:, includes flowchart 8327:- 145-page official 8321:at Wikimedia Commons 8209:. 7 September 2005. 8179:. 13 November 2006. 8019:Ministry of Commerce 7997:3 March 2016 at the 7947:. 16 February 2015. 7921:3 March 2016 at the 7893:. 15 November 2014. 7325:26 July 2018 at the 7052:16 June 2018 at the 6779:Central Bank of Iran 6139:. 14 December 2015. 6073:"St. Albert Gazette" 5777:. 27 November 2019. 5751:. 23 December 2019. 5438:Agence France-Presse 4959:. Globalsecurity.org 4672:Abrahamian, Ervand, 4362:"The World Factbook" 4232:Human rights in Iran 4207:Constitution of Iran 3946:Central Bank of Iran 3459:in the Framework of 3328:Operational balance* 3151:Year 1391 (2012–13) 3145:Year 1387 (2008–09) 3139:Year 1387 (2008–09) 3124:Year 1386 (2007–08) 2881:Central Bank of Iran 2708:economic reform plan 2604:A unique feature of 2585:presents a detailed 2537:Public or "General" 2033:Trade policy in Iran 1756:Presidential cabinet 1535:Main office holders 996:Armed forces of Iran 416:First Vice President 302:Courthouse of Tehran 11171:limited recognition 10263:Freedom of religion 9849:Supreme Audit Court 9728:Automotive industry 9375:Iranian Balochistan 9101:1987 Mecca incident 8998:Iran crisis of 1946 8987:dynasty (1925–1979) 8916:Dynasty (1751–1794) 8857:dynasty (1338–1357) 8849:dynasty (1335–1432) 8841:dynasty (1314–1393) 8826:dynasty (1244–1381) 8810:dynasty (1077–1231) 8794:dynasty (1011–1215) 8711:Caliphate (661–750) 8703:Caliphate (632–661) 8671:Empire (AD 224–651) 8588:Empire (550–330 BC) 8569:Empire (626–539 BC) 8553:Empire (678–549 BC) 8537:Empire (911–609 BC) 8269:. 11 January 2004. 7740:. 29 January 2014. 7680:. 8 December 2013. 7444:Library of Congress 7267:on 13 November 2009 7234:. 1 December 2009. 6811:on 3 September 2011 6493:on 27 December 2016 6434:Library of Congress 6379:Next Supreme Leader 6363:Next Supreme Leader 6278:Next Supreme Leader 6083:on 17 December 2013 6049:. 15 October 2016. 5876:on 22 December 2015 5444:on 22 February 2013 5142:. 19 January 2015. 5140:www.telegraph.co.uk 4807:Middle East Journal 4372:on 20 February 2011 4247:Iranian nationalism 4145:Mohammad-Ali Abtahi 4134:Assembly of Experts 4052:subsidy reform plan 3971:subsidy reform plan 3967:Capital expenditure 3745:Subsidy reform plan 3594:Operational balance 3120: 2857:subsidy reform plan 2735:government treasury 2641:Santiago Principles 2575:government's budget 1993:Assembly of Experts 1789:Assembly of Experts 1763:Assembly of Experts 1536: 1450:freedom of religion 1268:Assembly of Experts 1218:Assembly of Experts 1206:Assembly of Experts 1171:Islamic governments 1159:Western democracies 1155:presidential system 1028:Politics portal 579:Ministry of Justice 489:Supreme Audit Court 451:Government of Raisi 369:Assembly of Experts 171:Assembly of Experts 130:Direct popular vote 11294:Government of Iran 10394:Persian New Year ( 9799:Main economic laws 9370:Iranian Azerbaijan 9272:Monarchs of Persia 9216:Persianate society 8924:Empire (1789–1925) 8908:Empire (1736–1796) 8900:Empire (1501–1736) 8876:Empire (1370–1507) 8802:Empire (1037–1194) 8767:dynasty (934–1062) 8759:dynasty (931–1090) 8751:dynasty (861–1003) 8620:Empire (312–63 BC) 8521:(c.1595–c.1155 BC) 8149:. 8 October 2006. 6954:Turquoise Partners 6405:on 28 October 2009 6336:. Sacramento, CA: 6200:. 30 November 2001 6077:St. Albert Gazette 6017:Thebaghdadpost.com 5807:. 26 November 2021 5588:The New York Times 5331:on 5 February 2010 5226:. 3 September 2020 4686:Islamic Government 4659:Islamic Government 4643:Islamic Government 4500:Constitute Project 4319:2020-07-26 at the 4287:Separatism in Iran 4282:Secularism in Iran 4257:Liberalism in Iran 4242:Iran-Contra Affair 4212:Corruption in Iran 4202:Censorship in Iran 4114: 4075:banks and insurers 4025:foreign investment 3885:Iranian Parliament 3141:(approved budget) 3110: 3014:increased sixfold 2992:balance of payment 2850:rules of budgeting 2788: 2670: 2630:Iranian Parliament 2620:central government 2599:sustainable growth 2568:Expediency Council 2520: 2380:Mandatory spending 2304:Non-tariff barrier 2242:Monetary authority 1907:Political factions 1534: 1448:, restrictions on 1440:, restrictions on 1377:and suspension of 1375:economic sanctions 1240:Islamic Revolution 1133:(around 90–95% of 1117:The December 1979 891:Propaganda in Iran 881:Islamic Government 821:Outside government 652:Secretary of state 605:Ali Akbar Ahmadian 100:Head of government 38:Legislative branch 11276: 11275: 11213:other territories 10903:Politics of Asia 10869: 10868: 10663: 10662: 10631: 10630: 10627: 10626: 10597: 10596: 10504:Opium consumption 10337: 10336: 10173:Ethnic minorities 10147:Iranian languages 10072: 10071: 10068: 10067: 9685: 9684: 9681: 9680: 9564:Political parties 9502:Children's rights 9487:Foreign relations 9481:2009 presidential 9428: 9427: 9390:Iranian Kurdistan 9309: 9308: 9305: 9304: 9189: 9188: 9161:COVID-19 pandemic 9020:Revolution (1979) 8966: 8965: 8786:Empire (977–1186) 8743:dynasty (864–928) 8735:dynasty (821–873) 8727:dynasty (819–999) 8680: 8679: 8596:(c.323 BC–AD 226) 8317:Media related to 8267:Webneveshteha.com 8237:Webneveshteha.com 8207:Webneveshteha.com 8177:Webneveshteha.com 8147:Webneveshteha.com 6837:. 20 March 2010. 6781:. December 2009. 6514:, 18 January 2003 6486:978-1-908180-11-7 6447:978-0-8444-1187-3 6347:978-0-8330-4773-1 5729:on 9 January 2018 5522:on 23 August 2019 4050:(2016-2021), the 4046:According to the 3860:external accounts 3814: 3813: 3772: 3737:budget supplement 3714: 3713: 2978:Money flow chart. 2944:(18%) (FY 2016). 2865:Iranian taxpayers 2714:from businesses. 2539:Government Budget 2485: 2484: 2426:Fiscal adjustment 1952:Elections in Iran 1934:aka hard liners, 1752:elections in Iran 1681: 1680: 1603:28 July 2024 1592:Masoud Pezeshkian 1442:freedom of speech 1438:victimless crimes 1365:. The eight-year 1311:Ruhollah Khomeini 1244:Ruhollah Khomeini 1125:, declares that 1110:(combined by the 1081:Islamic theocracy 1073: 1072: 968:Visa requirements 914:Foreign relations 886:Ruhollah Khomeini 871:Hossein Borujerdi 804:Inside government 793:Political parties 639:Local governments 307: 306: 120:Masoud Pezeshkian 78:Presiding officer 11311: 11289:Politics of Iran 11266: 11256: 11255: 11225:Christmas Island 10911:Sovereign states 10896: 10889: 10882: 10873: 10872: 10697:Politics of Iran 10690: 10683: 10676: 10667: 10666: 10653: 10643: 10642: 10494:National symbols 10348: 10347: 10163:Iranian citizens 10100: 10099: 10091: 10090: 10078: 10077: 10060:Research centers 9749:Economic history 9704: 9703: 9691: 9690: 9625:Guardian Council 9447: 9446: 9434: 9433: 9315: 9314: 9292:Electric history 9287:Military history 9201:Ancient Persians 9109: 9108:shootdown (1988) 9091: 9078: 9075:Iranian Embassy 9045: 9034: 9032:Islamic Republic 9021: 9013:1953 coup d'état 8988: 8975: 8974: 8933: 8930:Khanates of the 8925: 8917: 8909: 8901: 8893: 8885: 8877: 8858: 8850: 8842: 8834: 8827: 8819: 8811: 8803: 8795: 8787: 8768: 8760: 8752: 8744: 8736: 8728: 8720: 8712: 8704: 8691: 8690: 8672: 8653: 8645: 8637: 8629: 8621: 8613: 8605: 8597: 8589: 8570: 8562: 8554: 8546: 8538: 8530: 8522: 8514: 8506: 8498: 8490: 8482: 8469: 8468: 8453: 8452: 8440: 8439: 8424: 8417: 8410: 8401: 8400: 8319:Politics of Iran 8316: 8283: 8282: 8280: 8278: 8259: 8253: 8252: 8250: 8248: 8229: 8223: 8222: 8220: 8218: 8199: 8193: 8192: 8190: 8188: 8169: 8163: 8162: 8160: 8158: 8139: 8133: 8132: 8130: 8128: 8122: 8116:. October 2016. 8111: 8103: 8097: 8096: 8094: 8092: 8073: 8060: 8059: 8057: 8055: 8046:. 29 July 2015. 8036: 8030: 8029: 8028:on 13 July 2011. 8027: 8016: 8008: 8002: 7989: 7980: 7967: 7961: 7960: 7958: 7956: 7937: 7926: 7913: 7907: 7906: 7904: 7902: 7883: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7872: 7853: 7847: 7846: 7844: 7842: 7822: 7816: 7815: 7813: 7811: 7805: 7794: 7786: 7780: 7779: 7777: 7775: 7760: 7754: 7753: 7751: 7749: 7730: 7724: 7723: 7721: 7719: 7700: 7694: 7693: 7691: 7689: 7670: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7659: 7644: 7638: 7637: 7635: 7633: 7627: 7616: 7608: 7602: 7601: 7599: 7597: 7582: 7576: 7575: 7573: 7571: 7555: 7549: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7529: 7523: 7522: 7520: 7518: 7512: 7501: 7493: 7487: 7486: 7484: 7482: 7473:. Archived from 7467: 7461: 7460: 7458: 7456: 7435: 7429: 7428: 7422: 7414: 7412: 7410: 7405:on 19 April 2012 7401:. Archived from 7395: 7386: 7385: 7383: 7381: 7366: 7357: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7336: 7330: 7317: 7311: 7310: 7308: 7306: 7286: 7277: 7276: 7274: 7272: 7257: 7248: 7247: 7245: 7243: 7224: 7218: 7217: 7211: 7203: 7201: 7199: 7194:on 8 August 2014 7190:. Archived from 7184: 7178: 7177: 7175: 7173: 7167: 7156: 7148: 7142: 7141: 7139: 7137: 7128:. Archived from 7122: 7111: 7110: 7108: 7106: 7100: 7094:. Archived from 7092:irantradelaw.com 7089: 7081: 7075: 7074: 7073:. 13 April 2022. 7067: 7061: 7044: 7038: 7037: 7035: 7033: 7014: 7008: 7007: 7005: 7003: 6988: 6982: 6963: 6957: 6947: 6941: 6938: 6929: 6928: 6926: 6924: 6909: 6903: 6902: 6900: 6898: 6883: 6877: 6876: 6874: 6872: 6863:. 16 July 2019. 6857: 6851: 6850: 6848: 6846: 6827: 6821: 6820: 6818: 6816: 6801: 6795: 6794: 6792: 6790: 6771: 6765: 6764: 6762: 6760: 6745: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6734: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6706: 6704: 6698: 6687: 6679: 6668: 6667: 6665: 6663: 6657: 6646: 6638: 6625: 6624: 6622: 6620: 6611:. 11 July 2014. 6599: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6568: 6559: 6558:, (2008), p. 178 6552: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6541: 6521: 6515: 6509: 6503: 6502: 6500: 6498: 6489:. Archived from 6470: 6464: 6463: 6461: 6459: 6431: 6421: 6415: 6414: 6412: 6410: 6401:. Archived from 6393: 6384: 6374: 6368: 6358: 6352: 6351: 6338:RAND Corporation 6329: 6323: 6322: 6302: 6296: 6293:The Soul of Iran 6291:Molavi, Afshin, 6289: 6283: 6273: 6267: 6266: 6265:on 17 June 2011. 6261:. Archived from 6251: 6245: 6244: 6242: 6240: 6231:. Archived from 6225: 6219: 6216: 6210: 6209: 6207: 6205: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6168: 6162: 6159: 6153: 6152: 6150: 6148: 6129: 6123: 6122: 6120: 6118: 6109:. 25 July 2009. 6099: 6093: 6092: 6090: 6088: 6079:. Archived from 6069: 6063: 6062: 6060: 6058: 6039: 6033: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6009: 6003: 6002: 6000: 5998: 5979: 5973: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5963:on 1 August 2017 5959:. Archived from 5953: 5947: 5946: 5944: 5942: 5923: 5917: 5916: 5914: 5912: 5892: 5886: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5872:. Archived from 5862: 5856: 5855: 5853: 5851: 5832: 5826: 5823: 5817: 5816: 5814: 5812: 5797: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5786: 5771: 5765: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5745: 5739: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5725:. Archived from 5714: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5688: 5682: 5681: 5679: 5677: 5655: 5649: 5648: 5646: 5644: 5628: 5622: 5621: 5619: 5617: 5602: 5596: 5595: 5579: 5573: 5572: 5570: 5568: 5552: 5546: 5545: 5539: 5531: 5529: 5527: 5518:. Archived from 5512: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5501: 5492:. Archived from 5486: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5460: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5449: 5426: 5420: 5419: 5417: 5415: 5400: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5389: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5363: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5321: 5315: 5314: 5312: 5310: 5299: 5293: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5273: 5267: 5266: 5264: 5262: 5251: 5245: 5242: 5236: 5235: 5233: 5231: 5217: 5211: 5204: 5198: 5191: 5185: 5182:by Arzoo Osanloo 5175: 5169: 5162: 5156: 5155: 5153: 5151: 5132: 5126: 5125: 5123: 5121: 5101: 5095: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5055: 5049: 5048: 5046: 5044: 5020: 5014: 5013: 5007: 5003: 5001: 4993: 4991: 4989: 4975: 4969: 4968: 4966: 4964: 4952: 4946: 4945: 4943: 4941: 4927: 4921: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4905: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4894: 4858: 4852: 4842: 4836: 4829: 4823: 4816: 4810: 4803: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4792: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4761: 4752:. Archived from 4742: 4736: 4733: 4727: 4724: 4718: 4717:(2001), p.21-234 4711: 4705: 4698: 4692: 4683: 4677: 4670: 4664: 4654: 4648: 4638: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4627: 4621:Encyclopedia.com 4612: 4606: 4605: 4603: 4601: 4575: 4566: 4553: 4547: 4534: 4528: 4518: 4512: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4497: 4489: 4483: 4470: 4464: 4463: 4461: 4459: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4416: 4410: 4409: 4407: 4405: 4388: 4382: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4368:. Archived from 4358: 4352: 4351: 4349: 4338: 4330: 4324: 4309:Juan José Linz, 4307: 4185: 4180: 4179: 4171: 4166: 4165: 4164: 4118:Guardian Council 4001:the stock market 3997:local industries 3823:Iranian calendar 3809: 3806: 3800: 3788: 3787: 3780: 3716: 3586: 3579: 3572: 3565: 3558: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3322: 3313: 3304: 3295: 3286: 3265:Government wages 3121: 3109: 3091: 3082:(1970-2030 est.) 3076: 3057: 3042: 3026: 3003: 2987: 2975: 2962:In 2013, Iran's 2913: 2903: 2897: 2861:energy subsidies 2657:Taxation in Iran 2564:Guardian Council 2477: 2470: 2463: 2447: 2299:Gains from trade 2289:Balance of trade 2168:Finance ministry 2059: 2045: 2044: 2010:Military of Iran 1899:(IPFG), and the 1779:Guardian Council 1773:Guardian Council 1767:Guardian Council 1723:Guardian Council 1719:state television 1677: 1675: 1670: 1667:1 July 2021 1664: 1645: 1643: 1638: 1635:28 May 2020 1632: 1613: 1611: 1606: 1600: 1581: 1579: 1574: 1571:4 June 1989 1568: 1537: 1533: 1264:Guardian Council 1248:wilayat al-faqih 1210:Guardian Council 1194:Karim Sadjadpour 1179:Guardian Council 1104:authoritarianism 1077:politics of Iran 1065: 1058: 1051: 1026: 1025: 1014: 1013: 1012: 991:Taxation in Iran 822: 805: 686:Guardian Council 600: 591:Supreme Councils 542:Attorney General 499:Guardian Council 426:Mohammad Mokhber 408:Mohammad Mokhber 325: 314:Politics of Iran 309: 308: 238:Sa'dabad Complex 93:Executive branch 32: 18: 17: 11319: 11318: 11314: 11313: 11312: 11310: 11309: 11308: 11299:Economy of Iran 11279: 11278: 11277: 11272: 11244: 11212: 11203: 11184:Northern Cyprus 11170: 11163: 10905: 10900: 10870: 10865: 10851:West Azerbaijan 10826:Razavi Khorasan 10731:East Azerbaijan 10699: 10694: 10664: 10659: 10623: 10593: 10572:Rap and hip-hop 10543: 10524:Public holidays 10509:Persian gardens 10498:Imperial Anthem 10489:National Jewels 10444:Iranian studies 10333: 10267: 10219: 10151: 10112:Persian (Farsi) 10085: 10064: 10033: 9995: 9988: 9923:Pharmaceuticals 9868: 9859:Venture capital 9834:Rial (currency) 9819:Nuclear program 9698: 9677: 9644: 9603: 9554:Nuclear program 9519:Judicial system 9441: 9424: 9395:Iranian plateau 9322: 9301: 9185: 9107: 9089: 9076: 9044:History (1979–) 9043: 9035: 9030: 9025: 9019: 8986: 8962: 8931: 8923: 8915: 8907: 8899: 8891: 8883: 8875: 8862: 8856: 8848: 8840: 8832: 8825: 8817: 8809: 8801: 8793: 8785: 8772: 8766: 8758: 8750: 8742: 8734: 8726: 8718: 8710: 8702: 8686: 8676: 8670: 8657: 8651: 8643: 8635: 8627: 8619: 8611: 8603: 8595: 8587: 8574: 8568: 8567:Neo-Babylonian 8560: 8552: 8545:(860 BC–590 BC) 8544: 8536: 8528: 8520: 8513:(c.2300–675 BC) 8512: 8504: 8496: 8488: 8480: 8460: 8447: 8434: 8428: 8390: 8362:Iran Government 8360: 8309: 8307:Further reading 8292: 8287: 8286: 8276: 8274: 8261: 8260: 8256: 8246: 8244: 8231: 8230: 8226: 8216: 8214: 8201: 8200: 8196: 8186: 8184: 8171: 8170: 8166: 8156: 8154: 8141: 8140: 8136: 8126: 8124: 8120: 8109: 8105: 8104: 8100: 8090: 8088: 8075: 8074: 8063: 8053: 8051: 8044:Tehrantimes.com 8038: 8037: 8033: 8025: 8014: 8010: 8009: 8005: 7999:Wayback Machine 7990: 7983: 7977:Wayback Machine 7968: 7964: 7954: 7952: 7939: 7938: 7929: 7923:Wayback Machine 7914: 7910: 7900: 7898: 7885: 7884: 7880: 7870: 7868: 7855: 7854: 7850: 7840: 7838: 7823: 7819: 7809: 7807: 7803: 7792: 7788: 7787: 7783: 7773: 7771: 7762: 7761: 7757: 7747: 7745: 7732: 7731: 7727: 7717: 7715: 7702: 7701: 7697: 7687: 7685: 7672: 7671: 7667: 7657: 7655: 7646: 7645: 7641: 7631: 7629: 7625: 7614: 7610: 7609: 7605: 7595: 7593: 7584: 7583: 7579: 7569: 7567: 7556: 7552: 7542: 7540: 7531: 7530: 7526: 7516: 7514: 7510: 7499: 7495: 7494: 7490: 7480: 7478: 7477:on 12 July 2012 7469: 7468: 7464: 7454: 7452: 7437: 7436: 7432: 7416: 7415: 7408: 7406: 7399:"Archived copy" 7397: 7396: 7389: 7379: 7377: 7368: 7367: 7360: 7350: 7348: 7337: 7333: 7327:Wayback Machine 7318: 7314: 7304: 7302: 7295:Financial Times 7287: 7280: 7270: 7268: 7259: 7258: 7251: 7241: 7239: 7226: 7225: 7221: 7205: 7204: 7197: 7195: 7188:"Archived copy" 7186: 7185: 7181: 7171: 7169: 7165: 7154: 7150: 7149: 7145: 7135: 7133: 7124: 7123: 7114: 7104: 7102: 7101:on 13 July 2011 7098: 7087: 7083: 7082: 7078: 7069: 7068: 7064: 7054:Wayback Machine 7045: 7041: 7031: 7029: 7016: 7015: 7011: 7001: 6999: 6990: 6989: 6985: 6978:Financial Times 6973:Wayback Machine 6964: 6960: 6948: 6944: 6939: 6932: 6922: 6920: 6911: 6910: 6906: 6896: 6894: 6885: 6884: 6880: 6870: 6868: 6859: 6858: 6854: 6844: 6842: 6829: 6828: 6824: 6814: 6812: 6803: 6802: 6798: 6788: 6786: 6775:"Annual Review" 6773: 6772: 6768: 6758: 6756: 6747: 6746: 6742: 6732: 6730: 6717: 6716: 6712: 6702: 6700: 6696: 6685: 6681: 6680: 6671: 6661: 6659: 6655: 6644: 6640: 6639: 6628: 6618: 6616: 6601: 6600: 6596: 6586: 6584: 6569: 6562: 6553: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6522: 6518: 6510: 6506: 6496: 6494: 6487: 6471: 6467: 6457: 6455: 6448: 6422: 6418: 6408: 6406: 6395: 6394: 6387: 6375: 6371: 6359: 6355: 6348: 6330: 6326: 6303: 6299: 6290: 6286: 6274: 6270: 6253: 6252: 6248: 6238: 6236: 6235:on 18 June 2009 6227: 6226: 6222: 6217: 6213: 6203: 6201: 6192: 6185: 6183: 6176:Servat.unibe.ch 6170: 6169: 6165: 6160: 6156: 6146: 6144: 6137:Theguardian.com 6131: 6130: 6126: 6116: 6114: 6101: 6100: 6096: 6086: 6084: 6071: 6070: 6066: 6056: 6054: 6047:Tehrantimes.com 6041: 6040: 6036: 6026: 6024: 6011: 6010: 6006: 5996: 5994: 5981: 5980: 5976: 5966: 5964: 5955: 5954: 5950: 5940: 5938: 5931:En.iranwire.com 5925: 5924: 5920: 5910: 5908: 5893: 5889: 5879: 5877: 5864: 5863: 5859: 5849: 5847: 5840:Middle East Eye 5834: 5833: 5829: 5824: 5820: 5810: 5808: 5799: 5798: 5794: 5784: 5782: 5773: 5772: 5768: 5758: 5756: 5747: 5746: 5742: 5732: 5730: 5715: 5711: 5701: 5699: 5690: 5689: 5685: 5675: 5673: 5656: 5652: 5642: 5640: 5635:. Independent. 5629: 5625: 5615: 5613: 5604: 5603: 5599: 5580: 5576: 5566: 5564: 5553: 5549: 5533: 5532: 5525: 5523: 5516:"Archived copy" 5514: 5513: 5509: 5499: 5497: 5496:on 6 March 2013 5488: 5487: 5483: 5473: 5471: 5470:on 10 June 2015 5462: 5461: 5457: 5447: 5445: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5413: 5411: 5402: 5401: 5397: 5387: 5385: 5376: 5375: 5371: 5361: 5359: 5348: 5344: 5334: 5332: 5323: 5322: 5318: 5308: 5306: 5301: 5300: 5296: 5286: 5284: 5274: 5270: 5260: 5258: 5253: 5252: 5248: 5243: 5239: 5229: 5227: 5219: 5218: 5214: 5205: 5201: 5192: 5188: 5176: 5172: 5166:Foreign Affairs 5163: 5159: 5149: 5147: 5134: 5133: 5129: 5119: 5117: 5102: 5098: 5088: 5086: 5064:Iranian Studies 5056: 5052: 5042: 5040: 5021: 5017: 5005: 5004: 4995: 4994: 4987: 4985: 4976: 4972: 4962: 4960: 4953: 4949: 4939: 4937: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4914: 4912: 4907: 4906: 4902: 4892: 4890: 4868:Iranian Studies 4859: 4855: 4843: 4839: 4835:, 1996, p. 366. 4830: 4826: 4817: 4813: 4804: 4800: 4790: 4788: 4773: 4769: 4759: 4757: 4756:on 17 June 2009 4744: 4743: 4739: 4734: 4730: 4725: 4721: 4712: 4708: 4699: 4695: 4684: 4680: 4671: 4667: 4655: 4651: 4639: 4635: 4625: 4623: 4613: 4609: 4599: 4597: 4577: 4576: 4569: 4563:Wayback Machine 4554: 4550: 4544:Wayback Machine 4535: 4531: 4519: 4515: 4505: 4503: 4495: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4480:Wayback Machine 4471: 4467: 4457: 4455: 4447: 4446: 4442: 4432: 4430: 4417: 4413: 4403: 4401: 4389: 4385: 4375: 4373: 4360: 4359: 4355: 4347: 4336: 4332: 4331: 4327: 4321:Wayback Machine 4308: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4222:Economy of Iran 4183:Politics portal 4181: 4174: 4167: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4130:Judicial System 4105: 4100: 4094: 4089: 4083: 4061:and the use of 4017: 3988: 3958: 3941: 3921:health projects 3905: 3883:2011–2012. The 3877: 3868: 3819: 3810: 3804: 3801: 3798: 3789: 3785: 3778: 3764: 3750: 3748: 3742: 3740: 3734: 3720: 3582: 3575: 3568: 3561: 3551: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3316: 3307: 3298: 3289: 3280: 3114: 3108: 3102: 3095: 3092: 3083: 3077: 3068: 3058: 3049: 3043: 3034: 3027: 3018: 3004: 2995: 2988: 2979: 2976: 2960: 2950: 2942:social security 2918: 2917: 2916: 2915: 2911: 2909: 2901: 2899: 2895: 2887: 2885:Banking in Iran 2877: 2778:and 8% for the 2760: 2750: 2695:. The approved 2659: 2653: 2526:(FY) goes from 2500: 2490: 2481: 2436: 2435: 2431:Monetary reform 2421: 2413: 2412: 2408:Price stability 2403:Economic growth 2398:Balanced budget 2393: 2385: 2384: 2365:Non-tax revenue 2360: 2359: 2339: 2338: 2329:Trade diversion 2284: 2274: 2273: 2227:Discount window 2210: 2208:Monetary policy 2200: 2199: 2134: 2124: 2123: 2069: 2043: 2021:Economy of Iran 2017: 2012: 2006: 2001: 1995: 1990: 1984: 1979: 1973: 1968: 1962: 1954: 1948: 1915: 1909: 1820: 1814: 1809: 1801:Judicial system 1781: 1775: 1742:, environment, 1715:judicial system 1692: 1686: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1532: 1527: 1458: 1426: 1397: 1392: 1351: 1276: 1232: 1230:1979 Revolution 1227: 1183:Islamic jurists 1108:Democracy Index 1100:totalitarianism 1085:1979 Revolution 1069: 1040: 1036:Other countries 1020: 1016:Iran portal 1010: 1008: 1001: 1000: 986: 978: 977: 958:Nationality law 954: 937: 916: 906: 905: 866:Anti-capitalism 861: 851: 850: 820: 803: 799: 785: 784: 779: 760: 741: 719: 692: 691: 690: 681:Election Office 674: 664: 663: 662: 661: 640: 632: 631: 615: 596: 592: 584: 583: 525: 515: 514: 495: 468: 458: 457: 393: 385: 384: 365: 344: 316: 255:Judicial branch 194:Current cabinet 188:Cabinet of Iran 23: 12: 11: 5: 11317: 11307: 11306: 11301: 11296: 11291: 11274: 11273: 11271: 11270: 11260: 11249: 11246: 11245: 11243: 11242: 11237: 11232: 11227: 11222: 11216: 11214: 11205: 11204: 11202: 11201: 11196: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11175: 11173: 11165: 11164: 11162: 11161: 11156: 11151: 11146: 11141: 11136: 11131: 11126: 11121: 11116: 11111: 11106: 11101: 11096: 11091: 11086: 11081: 11076: 11071: 11066: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10986: 10981: 10976: 10971: 10966: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10921: 10915: 10913: 10907: 10906: 10899: 10898: 10891: 10884: 10876: 10867: 10866: 10864: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10841:South Khorasan 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10811:North Khorasan 10808: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10707: 10705: 10701: 10700: 10693: 10692: 10685: 10678: 10670: 10661: 10660: 10658: 10657: 10647: 10636: 10633: 10632: 10629: 10628: 10625: 10624: 10622: 10621: 10616: 10611: 10605: 10603: 10599: 10598: 10595: 10594: 10592: 10591: 10584: 10579: 10574: 10569: 10564: 10559: 10553: 10551: 10545: 10544: 10542: 10541: 10531: 10526: 10521: 10516: 10511: 10506: 10501: 10491: 10486: 10481: 10475: 10461: 10456: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10431: 10426: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10401: 10387: 10382: 10377: 10367: 10361: 10351: 10345: 10339: 10338: 10335: 10334: 10332: 10331: 10326: 10321: 10316: 10311: 10305: 10300: 10295: 10286: 10281: 10275: 10273: 10269: 10268: 10266: 10265: 10260: 10250: 10245: 10235: 10229: 10227: 10221: 10220: 10218: 10217: 10216: 10215: 10210: 10205: 10200: 10195: 10190: 10185: 10180: 10170: 10159: 10157: 10153: 10152: 10150: 10149: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10119: 10114: 10108: 10106: 10097: 10087: 10086: 10074: 10073: 10070: 10069: 10066: 10065: 10063: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10041: 10039: 10035: 10034: 10032: 10031: 10026: 10021: 10016: 10011: 10006: 10000: 9998: 9990: 9989: 9987: 9986: 9981: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9956: 9946: 9936: 9931: 9926: 9916: 9911: 9906: 9905: 9904: 9899: 9889: 9878: 9876: 9870: 9869: 9867: 9866: 9856: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9836: 9831: 9826: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9801: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9781: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9741: 9736: 9731: 9721: 9716: 9710: 9708: 9700: 9699: 9687: 9686: 9683: 9682: 9679: 9678: 9676: 9675: 9673:Supreme Leader 9670: 9665: 9660: 9654: 9652: 9646: 9645: 9643: 9642: 9637: 9635:Local councils 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9611: 9609: 9605: 9604: 9602: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9581: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9561: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9535: 9530: 9521: 9516: 9515: 9514: 9512:Women's rights 9509: 9504: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9474: 9469: 9459: 9453: 9451: 9443: 9442: 9430: 9429: 9426: 9425: 9423: 9422: 9417: 9412: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9392: 9387: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9366: 9365: 9363:Climate change 9355: 9350: 9349: 9348: 9343: 9333: 9327: 9324: 9323: 9311: 9310: 9307: 9306: 9303: 9302: 9300: 9299: 9294: 9289: 9284: 9279: 9274: 9269: 9264: 9259: 9254: 9249: 9247:Jiroft culture 9244: 9243: 9242: 9235:Iranic peoples 9232: 9231: 9230: 9229: 9228: 9223: 9211:Persianization 9208: 9203: 9197: 9195: 9191: 9190: 9187: 9186: 9184: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9153: 9148: 9147: 9146: 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9085: 9080: 9072: 9067: 9062: 9057: 9052: 9047: 9039: 9037: 9027: 9026: 9024: 9023: 9015: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8995: 8990: 8981: 8979: 8972: 8968: 8967: 8964: 8963: 8961: 8960: 8955: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8927: 8919: 8911: 8903: 8895: 8887: 8879: 8870: 8868: 8864: 8863: 8861: 8860: 8852: 8844: 8836: 8829: 8821: 8818:(1135/36-1225) 8813: 8805: 8797: 8789: 8780: 8778: 8774: 8773: 8771: 8770: 8762: 8754: 8746: 8738: 8730: 8722: 8714: 8706: 8697: 8695: 8688: 8682: 8681: 8678: 8677: 8675: 8674: 8665: 8663: 8659: 8658: 8656: 8655: 8647: 8639: 8631: 8628:(c.295–220 BC) 8623: 8615: 8607: 8599: 8591: 8582: 8580: 8576: 8575: 8573: 8572: 8564: 8556: 8548: 8540: 8532: 8524: 8516: 8508: 8500: 8492: 8487:Proto-Elamite 8484: 8475: 8473: 8466: 8462: 8461: 8449: 8448: 8436: 8435: 8427: 8426: 8419: 8412: 8404: 8398: 8397: 8389: 8388:External links 8386: 8385: 8384: 8378: 8368: 8342: 8332: 8322: 8308: 8305: 8304: 8303: 8291: 8288: 8285: 8284: 8254: 8224: 8194: 8164: 8134: 8098: 8061: 8031: 8003: 7981: 7962: 7927: 7908: 7878: 7848: 7817: 7781: 7755: 7725: 7695: 7665: 7639: 7603: 7577: 7550: 7524: 7488: 7462: 7430: 7387: 7358: 7331: 7312: 7278: 7249: 7219: 7179: 7143: 7112: 7076: 7062: 7039: 7009: 6983: 6958: 6942: 6930: 6904: 6878: 6852: 6822: 6796: 6766: 6740: 6710: 6669: 6626: 6594: 6560: 6547: 6516: 6504: 6485: 6465: 6446: 6416: 6385: 6369: 6353: 6346: 6324: 6297: 6284: 6268: 6259:Iranonline.com 6246: 6220: 6211: 6163: 6154: 6124: 6107:News.bbc.co.uk 6094: 6064: 6034: 6019:. 8 May 2017. 6004: 5974: 5948: 5918: 5887: 5857: 5827: 5818: 5792: 5766: 5740: 5709: 5683: 5650: 5623: 5597: 5574: 5547: 5507: 5481: 5455: 5421: 5395: 5369: 5342: 5316: 5294: 5268: 5246: 5237: 5212: 5199: 5186: 5170: 5157: 5127: 5096: 5050: 5015: 5006:|website= 4970: 4947: 4935:Democracy Now! 4922: 4911:. 5 March 2008 4909:"Tehran Times" 4900: 4853: 4851:May 2005, p. 4 4837: 4824: 4822:, 2003, p.274) 4811: 4798: 4767: 4737: 4728: 4719: 4706: 4693: 4678: 4665: 4649: 4633: 4607: 4567: 4548: 4529: 4513: 4484: 4465: 4440: 4411: 4383: 4353: 4325: 4298: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4188: 4187: 4186: 4172: 4156: 4153: 4122:Supreme Leader 4104: 4101: 4096:Main article: 4093: 4090: 4085:Main article: 4082: 4079: 4063:forex reserves 4016: 4013: 3987: 3984: 3957: 3954: 3940: 3937: 3913:defense budget 3904: 3901: 3876: 3873: 3867: 3864: 3845: 3844: 3837: 3834: 3818: 3815: 3812: 3811: 3792: 3790: 3783: 3777: 3776:Annual budgets 3774: 3712: 3711: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3668: 3667: 3664: 3663: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3641: 3640: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3606: 3605: 3602: 3601: 3587: 3580: 3573: 3566: 3559: 3548: 3547: 3544: 3543: 3540: 3535: 3530: 3525: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3505: 3498: 3491: 3484: 3482: 3469: 3468: 3465: 3464: 3445: 3444:(-) 152,277.4 3442: 3441:(-) 213,495.8 3439: 3438:(-) 251,573.8 3436: 3433: 3429: 3428: 3420: 3413: 3406: 3399: 3397: 3389: 3388: 3385: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3366: 3365: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3336: 3335: 3332: 3331: 3323: 3314: 3305: 3296: 3287: 3277: 3276: 3273: 3272: 3261: 3260:(-) 889,993.2 3258: 3257:(-) 564,290.0 3255: 3252: 3249: 3248:(-) 421,334.1 3245: 3244: 3236: 3229: 3222: 3215: 3213: 3205: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3186: 3185: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3163: 3159: 3158: 3155: 3149: 3143: 3137: 3128: 3101: 3098: 3097: 3096: 3093: 3086: 3084: 3078: 3071: 3069: 3059: 3052: 3050: 3044: 3037: 3035: 3028: 3021: 3019: 3010:as percent of 3005: 2998: 2996: 2989: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2970: 2964:external debts 2949: 2948:External debts 2946: 2910: 2900: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2888: 2876: 2873: 2869:fuel smuggling 2834: 2833: 2830: 2827: 2814:social welfare 2806: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2796: 2784:inflation rate 2749: 2746: 2712:tax collection 2697:"total budget" 2682:taxes and fees 2652: 2649: 2606:Iran's economy 2548: 2547: 2541: 2528:21 to 20 March 2516:taxes and fees 2508:budget deficit 2489: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2480: 2479: 2472: 2465: 2457: 2454: 2453: 2452: 2451: 2438: 2437: 2434: 2433: 2428: 2422: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2411: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2394: 2391: 2390: 2387: 2386: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2367: 2361: 2358: 2357: 2352: 2346: 2345: 2344: 2341: 2340: 2337: 2336: 2331: 2326: 2324:Trade creation 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2285: 2280: 2279: 2276: 2275: 2272: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2255: 2254: 2252:currency board 2249: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2223: 2222: 2211: 2206: 2205: 2202: 2201: 2198: 2197: 2192: 2191: 2190: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2159: 2158: 2148: 2147: 2146: 2135: 2130: 2129: 2126: 2125: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2070: 2065: 2064: 2061: 2060: 2052: 2051: 2049:Public finance 2016: 2013: 2008:Main article: 2005: 2002: 1994: 1991: 1983: 1980: 1972: 1971:Local councils 1969: 1964:Main article: 1961: 1958: 1947: 1944: 1924:Maziar Behrooz 1908: 1905: 1881:National Front 1877: 1876: 1873: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1774: 1771: 1744:foreign policy 1685: 1684:Supreme Leader 1682: 1679: 1678: 1665: 1658: 1653: 1647: 1646: 1633: 1626: 1621: 1615: 1614: 1601: 1594: 1589: 1583: 1582: 1569: 1562: 1557: 1555:Supreme Leader 1551: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1522: 1521: 1515: 1509: 1503: 1493: 1483: 1477: 1457: 1454: 1425: 1422: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1350: 1347: 1275: 1272: 1260:Supreme Leader 1234:In 1979, Shah 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1175:supreme leader 1131:state religion 1096:Juan José Linz 1071: 1070: 1068: 1067: 1060: 1053: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1039: 1038: 1032: 1031: 1030: 1018: 1003: 1002: 999: 998: 993: 987: 985:Related topics 984: 983: 980: 979: 976: 975: 970: 965: 960: 953: 952: 947: 936: 935: 934: 933: 917: 912: 911: 908: 907: 904: 903: 898: 893: 888: 883: 878: 873: 868: 862: 857: 856: 853: 852: 849: 848: 843: 838: 833: 828: 823: 817: 816: 811: 806: 800: 791: 790: 787: 786: 783: 782: 781: 780: 778: 777: 772: 767: 763: 761: 759: 758: 753: 748: 744: 742: 740: 739: 734: 729: 722: 720: 718: 717: 710: 705: 698: 689: 688: 683: 677: 676: 675: 670: 669: 666: 665: 660: 659: 654: 649: 643: 642: 641: 638: 637: 634: 633: 630: 629: 628: 627: 625:Sadeq Larijani 616: 611: 609: 608: 607: 593: 590: 589: 586: 585: 582: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 550: 549: 539: 538: 537: 526: 521: 520: 517: 516: 513: 512: 511: 510: 494: 493: 492: 491: 485: 484: 469: 464: 463: 460: 459: 456: 455: 454: 453: 443: 442: 441: 432:Supervisor of 430: 429: 428: 413: 412: 411: 394: 391: 390: 387: 386: 383: 382: 381: 380: 364: 363: 358: 357: 356: 349:Supreme Leader 345: 342: 341: 338: 337: 331: 330: 327: 326: 318: 317: 312: 305: 304: 299: 295: 294: 289: 285: 284: 278: 277: 275:Courts of Iran 272: 268: 267: 262: 258: 257: 251: 250: 245: 241: 240: 231: 227: 226: 223: 219: 218: 216:Vice President 213: 209: 208: 205: 201: 200: 195: 191: 190: 185: 181: 180: 174: 173: 168: 164: 163: 158: 154: 153: 151:Supreme Leader 148: 144: 143: 133: 132: 127: 123: 122: 117: 113: 112: 107: 103: 102: 96: 95: 89: 88: 79: 75: 74: 65: 61: 60: 55: 51: 50: 45: 41: 40: 34: 33: 25: 24: 21: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11316: 11305: 11302: 11300: 11297: 11295: 11292: 11290: 11287: 11286: 11284: 11269: 11265: 11261: 11259: 11251: 11250: 11247: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11223: 11221: 11218: 11217: 11215: 11210: 11206: 11200: 11197: 11195: 11194:South Ossetia 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11176: 11174: 11172: 11166: 11160: 11157: 11155: 11152: 11150: 11147: 11145: 11142: 11140: 11137: 11135: 11132: 11130: 11127: 11125: 11122: 11120: 11117: 11115: 11112: 11110: 11107: 11105: 11102: 11100: 11097: 11095: 11092: 11090: 11087: 11085: 11082: 11080: 11077: 11075: 11072: 11070: 11067: 11065: 11062: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10977: 10975: 10972: 10970: 10967: 10965: 10962: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10920: 10917: 10916: 10914: 10912: 10908: 10904: 10897: 10892: 10890: 10885: 10883: 10878: 10877: 10874: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10708: 10706: 10702: 10698: 10691: 10686: 10684: 10679: 10677: 10672: 10671: 10668: 10656: 10652: 10648: 10646: 10638: 10637: 10634: 10620: 10617: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10606: 10604: 10600: 10590: 10589: 10585: 10583: 10580: 10578: 10575: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10558: 10555: 10554: 10552: 10550: 10546: 10539: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10527: 10525: 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10499: 10495: 10492: 10490: 10487: 10485: 10482: 10479: 10476: 10473: 10469: 10468:news agencies 10465: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10454: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10424: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10381: 10378: 10375: 10371: 10368: 10365: 10362: 10360: 10356: 10353: 10352: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10340: 10330: 10327: 10325: 10322: 10320: 10317: 10315: 10312: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10276: 10274: 10270: 10264: 10261: 10258: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10243: 10239: 10236: 10234: 10231: 10230: 10228: 10226: 10222: 10214: 10211: 10209: 10206: 10204: 10201: 10199: 10196: 10194: 10191: 10189: 10186: 10184: 10181: 10179: 10176: 10175: 10174: 10171: 10168: 10164: 10161: 10160: 10158: 10154: 10148: 10145: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10110: 10109: 10107: 10105: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10092: 10088: 10084: 10079: 10075: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10042: 10040: 10036: 10030: 10027: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10001: 9999: 9997: 9991: 9985: 9982: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9960: 9957: 9954: 9950: 9947: 9944: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9924: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9910: 9907: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9894: 9893: 9890: 9887: 9883: 9880: 9879: 9877: 9875: 9871: 9864: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9829:Privatization 9827: 9824: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9760: 9757: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9729: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9711: 9709: 9705: 9701: 9697: 9692: 9688: 9674: 9671: 9669: 9666: 9664: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9655: 9653: 9651: 9647: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9612: 9610: 9606: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9589: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9559: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9503: 9500: 9499: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9485: 9482: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9467: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9452: 9448: 9444: 9440: 9435: 9431: 9421: 9418: 9416: 9413: 9411: 9408: 9406: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9364: 9361: 9360: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9338: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9328: 9325: 9321: 9316: 9312: 9298: 9297:Years in Iran 9295: 9293: 9290: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9268: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9248: 9245: 9241: 9238: 9237: 9236: 9233: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9221:Turco-Persian 9219: 9218: 9217: 9214: 9213: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9198: 9196: 9192: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9145: 9142: 9141: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9090:War (1980–88) 9086: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9061: 9058: 9056: 9053: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9041: 9040: 9038: 9033: 9028: 9022: 9016: 9014: 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8983: 8982: 8980: 8976: 8973: 8969: 8959: 8956: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8928: 8926: 8920: 8918: 8912: 8910: 8904: 8902: 8896: 8894: 8888: 8886: 8882:Qara Qoyunlu 8880: 8878: 8872: 8871: 8869: 8865: 8859: 8853: 8851: 8845: 8843: 8837: 8835: 8830: 8828: 8822: 8820: 8814: 8812: 8806: 8804: 8798: 8796: 8790: 8788: 8782: 8781: 8779: 8775: 8769: 8763: 8761: 8755: 8753: 8747: 8745: 8739: 8737: 8731: 8729: 8723: 8721: 8715: 8713: 8707: 8705: 8699: 8698: 8696: 8692: 8689: 8683: 8673: 8667: 8666: 8664: 8660: 8654: 8648: 8646: 8640: 8638: 8632: 8630: 8624: 8622: 8616: 8614: 8608: 8606: 8600: 8598: 8592: 8590: 8584: 8583: 8581: 8579:550 BC–AD 224 8577: 8571: 8565: 8563: 8557: 8555: 8549: 8547: 8541: 8539: 8535:Neo-Assyrian 8533: 8531: 8525: 8523: 8517: 8515: 8509: 8507: 8501: 8499: 8493: 8491: 8485: 8483: 8477: 8476: 8474: 8470: 8467: 8463: 8459: 8454: 8450: 8446: 8441: 8437: 8432: 8425: 8420: 8418: 8413: 8411: 8406: 8405: 8402: 8395: 8392: 8391: 8382: 8379: 8376: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8363: 8358: 8354: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8340: 8336: 8333: 8330: 8326: 8323: 8320: 8315: 8311: 8310: 8301: 8297: 8294: 8293: 8272: 8268: 8264: 8258: 8242: 8238: 8234: 8228: 8212: 8208: 8204: 8198: 8182: 8178: 8174: 8168: 8152: 8148: 8144: 8138: 8119: 8115: 8108: 8102: 8086: 8082: 8078: 8072: 8070: 8068: 8066: 8049: 8045: 8041: 8035: 8024: 8020: 8013: 8007: 8000: 7996: 7993: 7988: 7986: 7978: 7974: 7971: 7966: 7950: 7946: 7942: 7936: 7934: 7932: 7924: 7920: 7917: 7912: 7896: 7892: 7891:Yahoo Finance 7888: 7882: 7866: 7862: 7858: 7852: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7821: 7802: 7798: 7791: 7785: 7769: 7765: 7759: 7743: 7739: 7735: 7729: 7713: 7709: 7705: 7699: 7683: 7679: 7675: 7669: 7653: 7649: 7643: 7624: 7621:. June 2013. 7620: 7613: 7607: 7591: 7587: 7581: 7565: 7561: 7554: 7538: 7534: 7528: 7509: 7505: 7498: 7492: 7476: 7472: 7466: 7450: 7446: 7445: 7440: 7434: 7426: 7420: 7404: 7400: 7394: 7392: 7375: 7371: 7365: 7363: 7346: 7343:. Bloomberg. 7342: 7335: 7328: 7324: 7321: 7316: 7300: 7296: 7292: 7285: 7283: 7266: 7262: 7256: 7254: 7237: 7233: 7229: 7223: 7215: 7209: 7193: 7189: 7183: 7164: 7160: 7153: 7147: 7132:on 1 May 2010 7131: 7127: 7121: 7119: 7117: 7097: 7093: 7086: 7080: 7072: 7066: 7059: 7055: 7051: 7048: 7043: 7027: 7023: 7019: 7013: 6997: 6993: 6987: 6980: 6979: 6974: 6970: 6967: 6962: 6955: 6951: 6946: 6937: 6935: 6918: 6914: 6908: 6892: 6888: 6882: 6866: 6862: 6856: 6840: 6836: 6832: 6826: 6810: 6806: 6800: 6784: 6780: 6776: 6770: 6754: 6750: 6744: 6728: 6724: 6720: 6714: 6695: 6691: 6684: 6678: 6676: 6674: 6654: 6650: 6643: 6637: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6605: 6598: 6582: 6578: 6574: 6567: 6565: 6557: 6551: 6535: 6531: 6527: 6520: 6513: 6508: 6492: 6488: 6482: 6478: 6477: 6469: 6453: 6449: 6443: 6439: 6435: 6430: 6429: 6420: 6404: 6400: 6399: 6392: 6390: 6382: 6380: 6373: 6366: 6364: 6357: 6349: 6343: 6339: 6335: 6328: 6320: 6316: 6313:(4): 631–47. 6312: 6308: 6301: 6294: 6288: 6281: 6279: 6272: 6264: 6260: 6256: 6250: 6234: 6230: 6224: 6215: 6199: 6198:Brookings.edu 6195: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6167: 6158: 6142: 6138: 6134: 6128: 6112: 6108: 6104: 6098: 6082: 6078: 6074: 6068: 6052: 6048: 6044: 6038: 6022: 6018: 6014: 6008: 5992: 5988: 5984: 5978: 5962: 5958: 5952: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5922: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5891: 5875: 5871: 5867: 5861: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5831: 5822: 5806: 5802: 5796: 5780: 5776: 5770: 5754: 5750: 5744: 5728: 5724: 5720: 5713: 5697: 5693: 5687: 5671: 5667: 5666: 5661: 5654: 5638: 5634: 5627: 5611: 5607: 5601: 5593: 5589: 5585: 5578: 5562: 5558: 5551: 5543: 5537: 5521: 5517: 5511: 5495: 5491: 5485: 5469: 5465: 5459: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5431: 5425: 5409: 5405: 5399: 5383: 5379: 5373: 5357: 5353: 5346: 5330: 5326: 5320: 5304: 5298: 5283: 5279: 5272: 5256: 5250: 5241: 5225: 5222: 5216: 5209: 5203: 5197:, 2008, p.183 5196: 5190: 5183: 5181: 5174: 5167: 5161: 5145: 5141: 5137: 5131: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5100: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5065: 5061: 5054: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5024: 5019: 5011: 4999: 4984: 4983: 4974: 4958: 4951: 4936: 4932: 4926: 4910: 4904: 4889: 4885: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4857: 4850: 4848: 4841: 4834: 4828: 4821: 4815: 4808: 4802: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4771: 4755: 4751: 4747: 4741: 4732: 4723: 4716: 4710: 4703: 4697: 4690: 4687: 4682: 4675: 4669: 4662: 4660: 4653: 4646: 4644: 4637: 4622: 4618: 4611: 4596: 4592: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4574: 4572: 4564: 4560: 4557: 4552: 4545: 4541: 4538: 4533: 4526: 4524: 4517: 4501: 4494: 4488: 4481: 4477: 4474: 4469: 4454: 4450: 4444: 4429: 4427: 4422: 4415: 4400: 4399: 4394: 4387: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4357: 4346: 4342: 4335: 4329: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4313: 4306: 4304: 4299: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4189: 4184: 4178: 4173: 4170: 4159: 4152: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4137: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4109: 4099: 4088: 4078: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4055: 4053: 4049: 4044: 4042: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4021:Iranian rials 4012: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3983: 3981: 3976: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3963:Iranian rials 3953: 3951: 3947: 3936: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3900: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3872: 3863: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3842: 3838: 3835: 3832: 3828: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3808: 3805:February 2020 3796: 3791: 3782: 3781: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3746: 3738: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3719: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3666: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3655:(-) 22,150.1 3654: 3652:(-) 36,449.4 3651: 3649:(-) 35,785.5 3648: 3646: 3644:(-) 60,559.2 3643: 3642: 3639:utilization) 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3581: 3578: 3574: 3571: 3567: 3564: 3560: 3557: 3554: 3550: 3549: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3536: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3515: 3512: 3511: 3506: 3504: 3503: 3499: 3497: 3496: 3492: 3490: 3489: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3480: 3476: 3475: 3471: 3470: 3467: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3430: 3427: 3426: 3421: 3419: 3418: 3414: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3405: 3404: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3387: 3386: 3382: 3379: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3337: 3334: 3333: 3330: 3329: 3324: 3321: 3320: 3315: 3312: 3311: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3297: 3294: 3293: 3288: 3285: 3284: 3279: 3278: 3275: 3274: 3270: 3267:) (see also: 3266: 3262: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3246: 3243: 3242: 3237: 3235: 3234: 3230: 3228: 3227: 3223: 3221: 3220: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3211: 3207: 3206: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3154: 3150: 3148: 3144: 3142: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3130:% of nominal 3129: 3127: 3123: 3122: 3118: 3117:Iranian rials 3113: 3107: 3090: 3085: 3081: 3075: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3056: 3051: 3047: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3025: 3020: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3006:Iran's total 3002: 2997: 2993: 2986: 2981: 2974: 2969: 2968: 2967: 2965: 2959: 2955: 2945: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2907: 2893: 2886: 2882: 2872: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2851: 2846: 2844: 2839: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2823: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2811: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2794: 2793: 2792: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2755: 2745: 2743: 2738: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2715: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2700: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2685: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2668: 2663: 2658: 2648: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2633: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2621: 2617: 2616: 2611: 2607: 2602: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2546: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2535: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2525: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2495: 2478: 2473: 2471: 2466: 2464: 2459: 2458: 2456: 2455: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2440: 2439: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2423: 2417: 2416: 2409: 2406: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2395: 2389: 2388: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2347: 2343: 2342: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2309:Protectionism 2307: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2286: 2283: 2278: 2277: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2259:Monetary base 2257: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2244: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2237:Interest rate 2235: 2233: 2232:Gold reserves 2230: 2228: 2225: 2221: 2218: 2217: 2216: 2215:Bank reserves 2213: 2212: 2209: 2204: 2203: 2196: 2193: 2189: 2186: 2185: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2154: 2153: 2152: 2149: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2140: 2137: 2136: 2133: 2132:Fiscal policy 2128: 2127: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2068: 2063: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2011: 2000: 1989: 1978: 1967: 1957: 1953: 1943: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1928:Behzad Nabavi 1925: 1921: 1914: 1904: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1874: 1872: 1870: 1865: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1856: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1833:principalists 1830: 1825: 1819: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1780: 1770: 1768: 1764: 1759: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1703:head of state 1700: 1695: 1691: 1666: 1663: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1651:Chief Justice 1649: 1648: 1634: 1631: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1616: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1584: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1552: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1474:disappearance 1471: 1467: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1433: 1431: 1421: 1419: 1413: 1411: 1405: 1403: 1387: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1371: 1368: 1367:Iran–Iraq War 1364: 1360: 1359:taken hostage 1356: 1346: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1309: 1305: 1304: 1299: 1298:Judgement Day 1295: 1291: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1271: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1256:Vali-ye faqih 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1222: 1219: 1215: 1214:Hadi Khamenei 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1190:head of state 1186: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1161:, Iran has a 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1115: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1088: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1066: 1061: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1047: 1046: 1044: 1043: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1017: 1007: 1006: 1005: 1004: 997: 994: 992: 989: 988: 982: 981: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 955: 951: 948: 946: 942: 939: 938: 931: 927: 924: 923: 922: 919: 918: 915: 910: 909: 902: 899: 897: 894: 892: 889: 887: 884: 882: 879: 877: 874: 872: 869: 867: 864: 863: 860: 855: 854: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 829: 827: 824: 819: 818: 815: 812: 810: 807: 802: 801: 798: 794: 789: 788: 776: 773: 771: 768: 765: 764: 762: 757: 754: 752: 749: 746: 745: 743: 738: 735: 733: 730: 727: 724: 723: 721: 716: 715: 711: 709: 706: 703: 700: 699: 697: 696: 694: 693: 687: 684: 682: 679: 678: 673: 668: 667: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 644: 636: 635: 626: 622: 621: 620: 617: 614: 610: 606: 602: 601: 599: 595: 594: 588: 587: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 560: 557: 555: 554:Supreme Court 552: 548: 545: 544: 543: 540: 536: 533: 532: 531: 530:Chief Justice 528: 527: 524: 519: 518: 509: 508:Ahmad Jannati 505: 502: 501: 500: 497: 496: 490: 487: 486: 483: 479: 476: 475: 474: 471: 470: 467: 462: 461: 452: 449: 448: 447: 444: 440: 437: 436: 435: 431: 427: 424: 423: 421: 417: 414: 409: 406: 405: 403: 399: 396: 395: 389: 388: 379: 375: 372: 371: 370: 367: 366: 362: 359: 355: 352: 351: 350: 347: 346: 340: 339: 336: 333: 332: 329: 328: 324: 320: 319: 315: 311: 310: 303: 300: 296: 293: 290: 286: 283: 282:Supreme Court 279: 276: 273: 269: 266: 263: 259: 256: 252: 249: 246: 242: 239: 235: 232: 228: 224: 220: 217: 214: 212:Deputy leader 210: 206: 202: 199: 196: 192: 189: 186: 182: 179: 175: 172: 169: 165: 162: 159: 155: 152: 149: 145: 142: 138: 137:Head of state 134: 131: 128: 124: 121: 118: 114: 111: 108: 104: 101: 97: 94: 90: 87: 83: 80: 76: 73: 69: 66: 64:Meeting place 62: 59: 56: 52: 49: 46: 42: 39: 35: 31: 26: 19: 16: 11209:Dependencies 11139:Turkmenistan 11104:Saudi Arabia 10993: 10696: 10602:Other topics 10586: 10514:Persian name 10453:Islamization 10395: 10355:Architecture 10308:universities 10253:Zoroastrians 10248:Christianity 10238:Baháʼí Faith 10188:Azerbaijanis 10095:Demographics 9909:Construction 9897:Central Bank 9839:Space Agency 9734:Child labour 9569:Principlists 9549:Cyberwarfare 9497:Human rights 9462:Constitution 9438: 9257:Azerbaijanis 9226:Indo-Persian 9206:Greater Iran 9077:siege (1980) 9036:1979–present 8687:early modern 8685:Medieval and 8479:Kura-Araxes 8350: 8299: 8275:. Retrieved 8266: 8257: 8245:. Retrieved 8236: 8227: 8215:. Retrieved 8206: 8197: 8185:. Retrieved 8176: 8167: 8155:. Retrieved 8146: 8137: 8125:. Retrieved 8113: 8101: 8089:. Retrieved 8081:Tehran Times 8080: 8052:. Retrieved 8043: 8034: 8023:the original 8006: 7965: 7953:. Retrieved 7944: 7911: 7899:. Retrieved 7890: 7881: 7869:. Retrieved 7860: 7851: 7839:. Retrieved 7830: 7820: 7808:. Retrieved 7799:. May 2014. 7796: 7784: 7772:. Retrieved 7758: 7746:. Retrieved 7737: 7728: 7716:. Retrieved 7707: 7698: 7686:. Retrieved 7677: 7668: 7656:. Retrieved 7642: 7630:. Retrieved 7618: 7606: 7594:. Retrieved 7580: 7568:. Retrieved 7553: 7541:. Retrieved 7527: 7515:. Retrieved 7506:. May 2012. 7503: 7491: 7479:. Retrieved 7475:the original 7465: 7453:. Retrieved 7442: 7433: 7407:. Retrieved 7403:the original 7378:. Retrieved 7349:. Retrieved 7334: 7315: 7303:. Retrieved 7294: 7269:. Retrieved 7265:the original 7240:. Retrieved 7231: 7222: 7196:. Retrieved 7192:the original 7182: 7170:. Retrieved 7158: 7146: 7134:. Retrieved 7130:the original 7103:. Retrieved 7096:the original 7091: 7079: 7065: 7058:Tehran Times 7057: 7042: 7030:. Retrieved 7021: 7012: 7000:. Retrieved 6986: 6976: 6961: 6945: 6921:. Retrieved 6907: 6895:. Retrieved 6881: 6869:. Retrieved 6855: 6843:. Retrieved 6834: 6825: 6813:. Retrieved 6809:the original 6799: 6787:. Retrieved 6769: 6757:. Retrieved 6743: 6731:. Retrieved 6722: 6713: 6701:. Retrieved 6692:. May 2009. 6689: 6660:. Retrieved 6648: 6617:. Retrieved 6603: 6597: 6585:. Retrieved 6576: 6555: 6554:Abrahamian, 6550: 6538:. Retrieved 6529: 6524:Pike, John. 6519: 6511: 6507: 6495:. Retrieved 6491:the original 6475: 6468: 6456:. Retrieved 6427: 6419: 6407:. Retrieved 6403:the original 6397: 6378: 6372: 6362: 6356: 6333: 6327: 6310: 6306: 6300: 6292: 6287: 6277: 6271: 6263:the original 6258: 6249: 6237:. Retrieved 6233:the original 6223: 6214: 6202:. Retrieved 6197: 6184:. Retrieved 6175: 6166: 6157: 6145:. Retrieved 6136: 6127: 6115:. Retrieved 6106: 6097: 6085:. Retrieved 6081:the original 6076: 6067: 6055:. Retrieved 6046: 6037: 6025:. Retrieved 6016: 6007: 5995:. Retrieved 5986: 5977: 5965:. Retrieved 5961:the original 5951: 5939:. Retrieved 5930: 5921: 5909:. Retrieved 5900: 5890: 5878:. Retrieved 5874:the original 5869: 5860: 5848:. Retrieved 5839: 5830: 5821: 5809:. Retrieved 5804: 5795: 5783:. Retrieved 5769: 5757:. Retrieved 5743: 5731:. Retrieved 5727:the original 5722: 5712: 5700:. Retrieved 5686: 5674:. Retrieved 5665:The Guardian 5663: 5653: 5641:. Retrieved 5626: 5614:. Retrieved 5600: 5587: 5577: 5565:. Retrieved 5550: 5524:. Retrieved 5520:the original 5510: 5498:. Retrieved 5494:the original 5484: 5472:. Retrieved 5468:the original 5458: 5446:. Retrieved 5442:the original 5433: 5424: 5414:11 September 5412:. Retrieved 5406:. Sarbaz01. 5398: 5386:. Retrieved 5372: 5360:. Retrieved 5345: 5333:. Retrieved 5329:the original 5319: 5307:. Retrieved 5297: 5285:. Retrieved 5281: 5271: 5261:26 September 5259:. Retrieved 5249: 5240: 5228:. Retrieved 5223: 5215: 5207: 5202: 5194: 5189: 5179: 5173: 5165: 5160: 5148:. Retrieved 5139: 5130: 5118:. Retrieved 5109: 5099: 5087:. Retrieved 5067: 5063: 5053: 5041:. Retrieved 5036: 5032: 5022: 5018: 4986:. Retrieved 4981: 4973: 4963:26 September 4961:. Retrieved 4950: 4938:. Retrieved 4934: 4925: 4913:. Retrieved 4903: 4891:. Retrieved 4871: 4867: 4856: 4845: 4840: 4832: 4827: 4819: 4814: 4806: 4801: 4789:. Retrieved 4780: 4770: 4758:. Retrieved 4754:the original 4749: 4740: 4731: 4722: 4714: 4709: 4701: 4696: 4691:, 1981, p.91 4688: 4681: 4673: 4668: 4658: 4652: 4642: 4636: 4624:. Retrieved 4620: 4610: 4598:. Retrieved 4586: 4582: 4551: 4532: 4522: 4521:Abrahamian, 4516: 4504:. Retrieved 4499: 4487: 4468: 4456:. Retrieved 4443: 4431:. Retrieved 4424: 4414: 4402:. Retrieved 4396: 4386: 4374:. Retrieved 4370:the original 4365: 4356: 4340: 4328: 4310: 4138: 4115: 4069:, including 4056: 4045: 4018: 3989: 3974: 3959: 3942: 3906: 3896: 3881:Iranian year 3878: 3869: 3848:Oil revenues 3846: 3820: 3802: 3794: 3767: 3752: 3717: 3715: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3694: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3674: 3671: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3583: 3576: 3569: 3562: 3556:(-105,554.9) 3555: 3552: 3509: 3508: 3501: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3478: 3477: 3473: 3472: 3424: 3423: 3416: 3415: 3409: 3408: 3402: 3401: 3393: 3392: 3327: 3326: 3318: 3317: 3309: 3308: 3300: 3299: 3291: 3290: 3282: 3281: 3254:(-) 621,126 3240: 3239: 3232: 3231: 3225: 3224: 3218: 3217: 3209: 3208: 3182:Customs fees 3178:Tax revenues 3152: 3146: 3140: 3134: 3125: 3065:Iranian rial 3008:debt service 2961: 2922:Iran's banks 2919: 2891: 2854: 2847: 2837: 2835: 2821: 2818: 2807: 2789: 2748:Expenditures 2739: 2719:sales of oil 2716: 2701: 2696: 2686: 2671: 2634: 2624: 2613: 2603: 2583:central bank 2572: 2555: 2549: 2532: 2521: 2282:Trade policy 2269:Money supply 2247:central bank 2220:requirements 2173:Fiscal union 2074:Agricultural 1955: 1932:Principlists 1920:Ali Khamenei 1916: 1878: 1866: 1857: 1852: 1848: 1821: 1782: 1760: 1732:Ali Khamenei 1711:armed forces 1696: 1693: 1560:Ali Khamenei 1500:Ali Khamenei 1469: 1459: 1434: 1427: 1414: 1409: 1406: 1398: 1390:Human rights 1372: 1352: 1327: 1323:Ali Khamenei 1301: 1283:Shia Islamic 1277: 1255: 1247: 1233: 1187: 1157:. Like many 1119:constitution 1116: 1091: 1089: 1076: 1074: 896:Ali Shariati 876:Ahmad Fardid 814:Principlists 713: 702:Presidential 657:City Council 647:Municipality 354:Ali Khamenei 313: 230:Headquarters 161:Ali Khamenei 15: 11268:Asia portal 11169:States with 11089:Philippines 11029:South Korea 11024:North Korea 10919:Afghanistan 10619:Tehrangeles 10582:Traditional 10319:Nationality 10257:persecution 10242:persecution 10193:Circassians 10142:Neo-Aramaic 10122:Azerbaijani 9994:State-owned 9919:Health care 9882:Agriculture 9719:Brain drain 9658:Ambassadors 9353:Earthquakes 8890:Aq Qoyunlu 8839:Muzaffarid 8816:Eldiguzids 8808:Anushtegin 8634:Kingdom of 8610:Kingdom of 8602:Kingdom of 8594:Atropatene 8586:Achaemenid 8527:Kingdom of 8472:3400–539 BC 8394:The Iranian 8345:‹ The 7955:21 February 7945:Payvand.com 7558:Bloomberg. 6835:Payvand.com 6587:13 November 6497:15 February 6458:18 December 5987:Payvand.com 5901:Reuters.com 5811:6 September 5785:28 November 5759:23 December 5448:25 February 5434:Google News 5388:14 February 5335:14 February 5309:25 February 5287:6 September 5150:25 December 5120:25 December 5089:6 September 4893:6 September 4820:Modern Iran 4502:. p. 6 4428:Iran Report 4376:18 December 4169:Iran portal 4071:contractors 4043:at 29,970. 3929:subsidy cut 3755:(including 3675:(105,554.9) 3354:Sale of oil 3153:(realized) 3147:(realized) 3126:(realized) 2994:(2003-2007) 2934:public debt 2875:Public debt 2772:health care 2770:was 6% for 2704:tax revenue 2524:fiscal year 2506:Government 2370:Tax revenue 1936:Pragmatists 1889:Tudeh Party 1418:Hooman Majd 1196:). 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