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305:, which he named the Clarence River, unaware that it had already been named the Tweed River by Oxley in 1823. Rous came up the eastern coastline and around the reef off the coast of the feature now known Fingal Head, and arrived at a place now called Rainbow Bay, so named after his ship. It was there that Henry Rous has arguably caused all of the confusion. He named the, at the time, unnamed site of Point Danger as being that of Cook's Point Danger.
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little doubt exists that the feature named Point Danger by
Captain Cook was in actual fact the feature now known as Fingal Head. However, as the name has been known in its present position for over 130 years and having in mind the wording of the letters Patent of 6 June 1859, in which the position of
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There was further confusion as to the location of Cook's Point Danger when in 1840 surveyor Robert Dixon was given the task of doing the first land survey of the area. Dixon's role was to map the New South Wales and
Queensland border. He was told to map the border from the west to Point Danger on the
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We now saw the breakers again they lay two
Leagues from a point under which is a small Island, their situation may always be found by the peaked mountain before mentioned from them this mountain or hill, and on this account I have named Mount Warning it lies 7 or 8 Leagues inland the land is high and
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The misnaming obviously raised a significant constitutional issue. Yet despite this pronouncement, some 18 years later debate was still continuing. In
November 1989 the Geographical Names Board approved a historical re-enactment of Cook's voyage. The research for the re-enactment led to Acting Chief
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In 1970, on the 200th anniversary of Cook's naming of Point Danger and given that the location seemed to be correct, a memorial was placed at the current site and the New South Wales, Queensland and
Federal governments combined to erect the Point Danger Captain Cook Memorial Lighthouse. However, in
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The matter did not finish there however. Many were unhappy with a conclusion that appeared to be so at odds with the historical facts and agitation continued. Trevor
Lipscombe, in closely tracking Cook's voyage and ground-truthing the places he named, concluded in
252:, Cook was forced to change his course to the east. Cook's log indicates his ship was "about 5 miles from the land". However having to pull away to the east to avoid the reefs, that we now know only run 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) to sea from
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From an analysis of Cook’s
Private Log, the Official Log of the 'Endeavour', Cook’s Journal and the journals of Cook’s Officers, and relating the analysis to modern nautical charts and maps of the area, it is suggested that the following conclusions be
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reviewed the argument put forward by the
Geographic Names Board. As a result of Gold's representations, and support from a number of authorities, Mr Chris Hartcher was able to rise and inform the Parliament of New South Wales on 9 April 2008:
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that today the
Geographical Names Board has considered Mr Gold's efforts and announced that the official records for Point Danger and Fingal Head will be changed to reflect both the historical versions of the naming of Cook's Point
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The next morning, (same log date 16 May) James Cook, although much further out to sea, recorded the location of the reefs and named the point off which the island and reefs lie - Point Danger. He wrote:
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the QLD-New South Wales border is linked with the position of Point Danger, the Board is not prepared to assign the name to any feature or position other than that to which it is currently located.
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1971, the following year, after much debate about the location of Cook's Point Danger and the
Queensland-New South Wales border, the Geographical Names Board declared:
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east coast. Dixon took the location of Cook's Point Danger as being that of the one identified by Rous in 1828 rather than the one identified by Oxley in 1823.
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From the re-enactment voyage, I now have no doubt that Captain Cook's, 'point of land under which lies a small island', was intended to be today's Fingal Head.
240:. Continuing North from there, at about 5 pm on 16 May 1770 (log date) he encountered the reefs that run 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) east from
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to increase its beam. The experiment was unsuccessful and it returned to conventional electric lamps. It emits a double white flash every ten seconds at a
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There has been controversy over the naming of Point Danger for many years. It seems the controversy began as early as 1823, when government surveyor,
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hilly about it, but it is conspicuous enough to be distinguished from everything else. The point off which these shoals lay I have named Point Danger.
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by a Japanese submarine on 14 May 1943. The Walk of Remembrance commemorates other ships lost to Japanese and German action during
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5. It is the opinion of the Geographic Names Board Committee therefore that the present Point Danger is correctly designated.
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However, in 1998, following another review, the New South Wales Geographic Names Board, it was concluded, in part:
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height of 44.5 metres. However, there are no reefs off, or running East from this point. The light is operated by
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Henry Rous' hand-written manuscript log from HMS Rainbow – held at the National Archives of the United Kingdom
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Dr. Nigel Erskine's (Curator Exploration Australian National Maritime Museum) report dated 8 March 2007.
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Report of the Counselor's Committee 3 February 1971 - M.L.Document 1723 - Archives Authority of NSW>
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John Oxley's hand-written manuscript 'Fri.31 Oct – Archives Office of NSW (location 2/8093)
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These reefs are now named Danger Reefs and comprise Inner Reef, South Reef and Outer Reef.
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Point Danger or Fingal Head: Fingal Head and part of Cook's chart showing his Point Danger
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Point Danger or Fingal Head: Fingal Head and part of Cook's chart showing his Point Danger
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mouth to the south, present-day Point Danger has also indicated the border between
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James Cook's hand-written manuscript – 16 May 1770 – held at the National Library
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and takes the form of plaques arranged in a semicircle around the lookout fence.
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593:"Cook's Point Danger" Geographical Names Board of NSW - ISBN o-7313-8831-3
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At some time in 1828 Henry John Rous, travelling north, charted the
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There can be little doubt that Fingal Head is Cook’s Point Danger
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HMS Rainbow's Log: dated 21 August 1828 - PRO 5752 51/3381
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A view which Captain Phillip Parker King concurred with.
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In 2007, at Ken Gold's behest, Dr Nigel Erskine of the
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199:, the Centaur Memorial and Walk of Remembrance, the
573:"Point Danger – 09/04/2008 – PRIV – NSW Parliament"
248:. To avoid these reefs, formed by a lava flow from
203:Point Danger station, and the southern end of the
687:. Big Volcano Tourism Marketing & Media. 2003
525:"A Dangerous Point: Fingal Head and Point Danger"
503:"A Dangerous Point: Fingal Head and Point Danger"
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210:The Centaur Memorial remembers the sinking of
160:on the east coast of Australia. Separated by
16:Headland at Coolangatta, Queensland, Australia
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685:"Walk of Remembrance and Centaur Memorial"
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236:, then sailed up the coast to the famous
661:Annandale: Envirobook. pp. 225–228.
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649:Australian Hydrographic Chart "AUS 813"
455:Australian Hydrographic Chart "AUS 813"
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575:. Parliament.nsw.gov.au. 9 April 2008
325:Surveyor Ron Benjamin finding that:
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1262:Geography of Gold Coast, Queensland
366:Australian National Maritime Museum
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613:"Lighthouse Lights – NSW Maritime"
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191:The point is the location of the
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679:. Lighthouses of Australia Inc.
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523:Gerritsen, Rupert (June 2013).
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673:"The Point Danger Lighthouse"
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1272:Headlands of New South Wales
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653:Fingal Head or Point Danger
553:Lipscombe 2005, p. 227
156:on the southern end of the
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751:First voyage of James Cook
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1244:*Places where Cook landed
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1209:Sir Charles Hardy Islands
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212:Australian Hospital Ship
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1267:Headlands of Queensland
747:Australian places named
46:Point Danger lighthouse
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102:28.16667°S 153.55000°E
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134:Offshore water bodies
1156:14 June – 4 August:
996:Northumberland Isles
532:Placenames Australia
510:Placenames Australia
234:Rame Head (Victoria)
107:-28.16667; 153.55000
1041:Whitsundays Passage
928:Double Island Point
657:Lipscombe, T. 2005
617:maritime.nsw.gov.au
205:Gold Coast Oceanway
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1061:Cumberland Islands
861:The Three Brothers
387:Point Danger Light
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278:, set out in HMCS
230:Captain James Cook
168:to the west, with
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1221:Possession Island
1115:Frankland Islands
1073:Magnetical Island
1024:Cape Hillsborough
710:Queensland portal
659:On Austral Shores
445:. Ken Gold. 2007.
429:. Ken Gold. 2007.
352:On Austral Shores
201:Marine Rescue NSW
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129:, New South Wales
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1141:Cape Tribulation
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83:Coordinates:
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1233:Booby Island
1181:Eagle Island
1163:Cape Bedford
1152:Hope Islands
1125:Cape Grafton
1109:Double Point
1067:Cape Upstart
974:Keppel Isles
912:Cape Moreton
901:Point Danger
900:
834:Port Jackson
815:Pigeon House
809:Batemans Bay
689:. Retrieved
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620:. Retrieved
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577:. Retrieved
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219:World War II
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193:Captain Cook
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146:Point Danger
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124:, Queensland
71:Point Danger
25:Point Danger
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1282:Coolangatta
1231:23 August:
1219:22 August:
1213:21 August:
1202:20 August:
1186:19 August:
1173:11 August:
1167:10 August:
1136:Trinity Bay
1099:Dunk Island
1089:Halifax Bay
1035:Repulse Bay
1030:Cape Conway
1019:Slade Point
1013:Broad Sound
961:Bustard Bay
939:Indian Head
917:Moreton Bay
767:Point Hicks
401:focal plane
303:Tweed River
296:Fingal Head
286:Port Curtis
284:to explore
254:Cook Island
246:Cook Island
242:Fingal Head
174:Tweed River
166:Rainbow Bay
154:Coolangatta
127:Tweed Heads
122:Coolangatta
105: /
93:153°33′00″E
1256:Categories
1204:Bird Isles
1131:Green Isle
1078:Palm Isles
980:Keppel Bay
950:Hervey Bay
944:Sandy Cape
893:Queensland
878:Cape Byron
867:Smoky Cape
855:Cape Hawke
839:Broken Bay
827:Botany Bay
825:28 April:
819:25 April:
813:22 April:
802:21 April:
765:19 April:
411:References
393:lighthouse
381:Lighthouse
276:John Oxley
238:Botany Bay
197:lighthouse
182:Queensland
158:Gold Coast
90:28°10′00″S
1215:York Cape
1198:Bolt Head
1150:13 June:
1146:Low Isles
1129:10 June:
1008:Long Isle
1002:Pier Head
821:Red Point
778:Cape Howe
622:3 October
186:Australia
138:Coral Sea
1113:9 June:
1087:8 June:
1071:6 June:
1065:5 June:
1039:4 June:
1028:3 June:
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1006:1 June:
1000:31 May:
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959:23 May:
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937:19 May:
933:Wide Bay
926:18 May:
905:17 May:
899:16 May:
882:16 May:
871:15 May:
865:13 May:
859:12 May:
843:11 May:
772:Ram Head
759:Victoria
579:13 March
172:and the
150:headland
118:Location
33:Headland
832:6 May:
753:in 1770
749:on the
691:23 July
375:Danger.
281:Mermaid
225:History
214:Centaur
397:lasers
341:drawn:
528:(PDF)
506:(PDF)
148:is a
776:20:
693:2008
624:2010
581:2013
534:: 4.
512:: 5.
391:The
244:and
180:and
164:and
1258::
675:.
615:.
530:.
508:.
407:.
207:.
184:,
1235:*
1223:*
1183:*
1177:*
963:*
829:*
739:e
732:t
725:v
695:.
626:.
583:.
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