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One of De l'Orme's primary accomplishments was to change the way architects trained and studied. He insisted that architects needed formal education in classical architecture, as well as in geometry and astronomy and the sciences, but also needed practical experience in construction. He himself was
98:. His father was Jehan de L'Orme, a master mason and entrepreneur, who, in the 1530s, employed three hundred workers and built prestigious buildings for the elite of the city. When Philibert was nineteen he departed Lyon for Italy, where he remained for three years, working on building projects for
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Hoffmann 1996; Potié 1996, p. 23 ("Il semble probable que cette stratégie d'ascension sociale ait été préparée de longue date par Jean de L'Orme qui savait que seule la hiérarchie ecclésiastique permettrait à un fils de maître-maçon d'espérer conquérir un statut plus enviable."). Jean is the modern
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to adding up the cost, making detailed three-dimensional drawings of vaults, judging if wood was dry enough, and knowing to stop digging the foundation when the first sand was encountered. He had scorn for those architects who could design a facade but had no knowledge actual construction. His
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in the style
Ancient Greece." D'Argenville wrote the first biography and catalog of works. Though few of his building survived to be studied carefully, later important academic works on de l'Orme were written in the 19th and 20th centuries by art historians including H. Clouzot and
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on July 10, 1559 suddenly left him without a patron and at the mercy of rival architects who resented his success and his style. Two days later, on 10 July, he was dismissed from his official posts, and replaced by an
Italian artist and architect,
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His other major accomplishment was to resist the tendency to simply copy
Italian architectural styles; he traveled and studied in Italy, and borrowed much, but he always added a distinctly French look to each of his projects.
229:. Beginning in 1565 wrote the first volume of a work on architectural theory, which was scientific and philosophical. It was published in 1567, and was followed by new editions after his death in 1576, 1626 and 1648.
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an accomplished scholar of ancient Greek and Roman architecture, as well as a humanist scholar. He argued that architects needed to be able to design and manage every aspect of the building, from the volumes to the
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for his "villainous Gothic ornaments" and his "petty manner". Nonetheless, his two major theoretical works on construction and design continued to be important textbooks, and were regularly republished and read.
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He also made a reputation as a writer and theorist, and as an innovator in building techniques. He invented a new system for making the essential wooden frameworks for constructing stone buildings, called
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and student of the antique, he yet vindicated resolutely the French tradition in opposition to
Italian tendencies; he was a man of independent mind and a vigorous originality. His masterpiece was the
225:, whose work was much in fashion. He had joined a religious order, and decided to turn his attention to meditation, scholarship and writing. He made another trip to Rome to inspect the new works of
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Hoffmann 1996, pp. 692–693. Only the arches of the bridge had been completed when work on it was halted upon the death of Henri II in 1559. The gallery on the bridge was likely designed by
189:, which was quicker and less expensive than previous methods and used much less wood. He demonstrated it before the King in 1555, and put it to work in construction at the new royal
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385:, whom de l'Orme had met during his time in Rome. Its plan showed the influence of the Italian villas; and, like the Italian buildings, it was decorated with frescoes.
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686:(Hanser 2006, pp. 60–63). According to Hanser, although some architectural historians credit the obscure Denis Courtin for the gallery, it was probably Bullant.
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was demolished in 1664, as was his Château de Saint-Léger in 1668, to make way for classical structures. In 1683, he was denounced by
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Plans of the Chapel of Saint-Éloi, Paris (1550-1566), (Long attributed, but not documented. Only a portion of the facade remains)
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The first major building of de l'Orme was the Château of Saint Maur (1541), built for the
Cardinal
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opponents scorned him for his background as the son of a masonry contractor. He was referred to by
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to the
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at the
Internet Archive from the Research Library of the Getty Research Institute (includes
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Philibert De L'Orme (1514-1570). Un architecte dans l'histoire: Arts - Sciences - Techniques
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that followed his death, his reputation suffered. The grand stairway that he built at the
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French
Renaissance architectural treatises, Centre d'Etudes Supérieures de la Renaissance
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de l'Orme is credited with popularizing this roof form now sometimes called a
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The most easily viewed work of de l'Orme in Paris is the court facade of the
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Basilica of the
National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
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Much of his work has disappeared, but his fame remains. He was an ardent
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His reputation rose again in the 18th century, through the writings of
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253:(1564). He died in Paris in 1570, while this project was underway.
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Garden facade of the
Chateau de Saint-Maur (1541, demolished 1796)
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Philibert de L'Orme : Figures de la pensées constructive
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as "The god of the stone masons", which deeply offended him.
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Château de Villers-Cotterêts, southern portion( 1547-1559)
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On April 3, 1548 he was a named architect of the King by
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Philbert de l'Orme was born between 3 and 9 June 1514 in
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Philibert De l'Orme : Architecte du roi (1514–1570)
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Chapel of the Château of Villers-Cotterêts (1552-1553)
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Facade of the residence of the Vicomte of the Duchy of
800:, 34 volumes, edited by Jane Turner. New York: Grove.
50:) (3-9 June 1514 – 8 January 1570) was a French
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Hoffmann, Volker (1996). "L'Orme , Philibert de" in
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Royal Château of Saint-Léger-en-Yvelines (demolished)
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in 1565, were magnificent. His work is also seen at
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Portrait of Philibert de l'Orme, from a book of 1626
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212:Out of favor - architectural theorist (1559-1563)
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551:Roofs of the towers of the Château de Bonnemare.
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586:Hoffmann 1996; Pérouse de Montclos 2000, p. 19.
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762:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
54:and writer, and one of the great masters of
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783:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.
269:In the 17th century, during the period of
699:Boudon, Françoise (1999). "De l'Orme" in
834:Pérouse de Montclos, Jean-Marie (2000).
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562:Catherine de' Medici's building projects
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376:(drawing by Jacques Androuet du Cerceau)
372:Elevations of the de l'Orme wing of the
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102:. In Rome he was introduced to Cardinal
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426:remains a perfect specimen of his art.
118:Royal architect of Henry II (1548-1559)
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649:Pérouse de Montclos 2000, pp. 334–336.
400:, the plans of which are preserved in
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894:at the website of the Library of the
872:Nouvelles inventions pour bien bastir
815:Lemerle, F. & Y. Pauwels (2016).
498:Completion of Sainte-Chapelle at the
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703:. Paris: Encyclopaedia Universalis.
939:English translation of de l'Orme's
812:(article updated 26 November 2003).
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406:Plus excellens bastimens de France
149:. His major projects included the
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1363:Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume
941:Le premier tome de l'architecture
915:from the Research Library of the
885:Le premier tome de l'architecture
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569:, influenced by Philibert Delorme
488:Attribution du château d'Acquigny
352:The bridge over the Loire of the
233:Royal architect again (1563-1570)
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952:Palladio's Literary Predecessors
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1103:Napoleon III's Louvre expansion
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422:; and his tomb of Francis I at
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193:and at the royal hunting lodge
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56:French Renaissance architecture
1414:16th-century French architects
1239:Edmond Jean Baptiste Guillaume
1229:Louis-Tullius-Joachim Visconti
1204:Auguste Cheval de Saint-Hubert
1164:Jacques Androuet II Du Cerceau
927:de l'Orme's portrait engraving
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514:Château de Meudon (attributed)
58:. His surname is also written
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1419:16th-century French sculptors
767:Catholic Encyclopedia article
396:(1552–1559), built for
323:Works attributed to de l'Orme
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151:Château de St Maur-des-Fossés
1058:Petite Galerie of the Louvre
701:Dictionnaire des Architectes
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402:Jacques Androuet du Cerceau
358:Jacques Androuet du Cerceau
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853:. Marseille: Parenthèses.
525:The bridge upon which the
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779:Hanser, David A. (2006).
640:Boudon 1999, pp. 204–205.
522:Château de Thoiry (1560s)
482:. Only one wing remains.
106:, the Ambassador of King
82:The Hôtel de Bullioud in
1194:Jacques-Germain Soufflot
987:The Louvre and Tuileries
917:Getty Research Institute
849:Potié, Philippe (1996).
823:17). Turnhout: Brepols.
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47:[filibɛːʁdəlɔʁm]
1249:Victor-Auguste Blavette
1128:Louvre Inverted Pyramid
759:Encyclopædia Britannica
478:(1547-1555), built for
470:Basilica of Saint-Denis
249:, on additions to the
187:charpente à petits bois
179:Palace of Fontainebleau
1439:Renaissance architects
781:Architecture of France
721:. London: A. Zwemmer.
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797:The Dictionary of Art
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445:Partial list of works
354:Chateau de Chenonceau
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1234:Hector-Martin Lefuel
1189:Ange-Jacques Gabriel
1014:The Louvre Abu Dhabi
754:De L'Orme, Philibert
673:Boudon 1999, p. 206.
661:Boudon 1999, p. 205.
609:Boudon 1999, p. 204.
595:Blunt 1958, p. xiii.
538:Portions of the new
518:Château de Montceaux
500:Château de Vincennes
435:Ecole des Beaux-Arts
424:Saint Denis Basilica
410:Catherine de' Medici
336:Court facade of the
191:Château de Montceaux
175:Château de Vincennes
1319:Philibert de l'Orme
1209:Jean-Arnaud Raymond
1154:Pierre II Chambiges
1123:Carrousel du Louvre
821:Études Renaissantes
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295:French architecture
243:Catherine de Medici
39:Philibert de l'Orme
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1068:Pavillon de Flore
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838:. Paris: Mengès.
829:978-2-503-56560-6
810:Oxford Art Online
628:Blunt 1958, p. 7.
480:Diane de Poitiers
416:and other famous
398:Diane de Poitiers
167:Château de Madrid
132:Diane de Poitiers
112:Francois Rabelais
18:Philibert Delorme
16:(Redirected from
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