382:
the aqueduct mentioned by
Prokopios, which Justinian had built to supply the city with drinking water. In the first place, however, it seems to have been a fortress wall with which the Via Egnatia was to be controlled at this narrowing of the coastal plain and in which only an additional aqueduct was laid. A harbor area was connected to the south of the city. This was protected by two wall sections that ran from the city wall to the coast. However, there are only a few archaeological reports of such findings, so that the exact shape of these facilities is still unclear. Presumably, all of the fortification measures mentioned served together to secure the narrowing of the coastal plain between the Rhodope Mountains and the Aegean coast with a barrage at this point, for example to facilitate defense in the event of enemy incursions.
378:
high. According to the only published city map, they form an irregular polygon with a maximum north-south extension of 360 meters and a maximum west-east extension of 330 meters. City gates have been documented to the northwest and southeast, as well as eight predominantly rectangular, but partly also round, wall towers in the east. In the brickwork of some towers, monograms of the imperial family of the
Palaiologoi have been preserved by means of integrated bricks, which can be dated to around 1341 and thus attest at least to construction work in this phase. However, the wall that is preserved today also shows traces of older construction phases, so that the older city wall, which dates back to late antiquity, probably also had the same course.
370:
171:
42:
62:
55:
179:
357:, the city of Peritoq - probably meaning Peritheorion - had a Greek population in 1433.f Because the harbor was silted up by the nearby river, it was cut off from access to the sea (the ruined city is now about 2 km from the lake). This led to a great loss of importance and economic decline and was probably the reason that the city was finally abandoned. During the
272:
The name
Peritheorion is first attested from the 9th century. It is often assumed that the city was originally called Anastasiopolis and was later renamed Peritheorion. However, modern research also supports the theory that two different cities were involved. Their erroneous equation goes back to the
252:
to the city was built. In research it is unclear which of the verifiable early
Byzantine building measures on the city go back to Justinian I and which were already initiated by his predecessor Anastasios I, after whom the city was named. Prokopios tends to attribute infrastructure work to Justinian,
381:
To the north, another wall leads about 2.2 km away from the city wall to the mountain slopes of the
Rhodope Mountains, which was provided with at least three towers. Its course can still be clearly seen today using aerial archeology. The building structures can also be seen from the ground. This is
154:. Parts of the fortification walls of the ancient city of Anastasiopolis (5th – 9th centuries) and Peritheorion (9th century) are still visible. It is unclear whether these are two different cities or a single one that has been renamed in the meantime. The ancient city was an important port on the
377:
Since no archaeological excavations were carried out, the approximately 7.3 hectare area of the city is in a wild state. The ruins are in the middle of a forest, which, however, only emerged since the 1970s. The most important archaeological remains are the walls, some of which are several meters
385:
Despite the overgrowth of the entire city area as well as the wall to the
Rhodope Mountains, at least one circular path is kept free, which leads to the ruins. There is no precise signage from the street. On the Xanthi-Komotini route, turn off at the underpass of the highway in the village of
314:
In the 14th century, however, the city is again documented in the sources. During this time it was re-fortified by
Andronikos III and the bishopric of the city was elevated to a metropolitan area. Most of the surviving remains seen today date from this phase, although earlier phases are also
408:
Byzantine Thrace. Image and
Character. "First International Symposion for Thracian Studies, Komotini, May 28th – 31st 1987 (=" Byzantine Research. "Volume 14). Teilband 1, Hakkert, Amsterdam 1989, pp. 485-496. For geographical proximity to Anastasiopolis see Richard Talbert (Ed.):
253:
which in reality can be traced back to his predecessor. In this regard, it is also significant that he mentions
Justinian's aqueduct, but not the barrier wall between the city and the Rhodope Mountains (see below under ruins), which could therefore have existed before.
386:
Amaxades and follow the paved dirt road. The remaining 2 km of dirt road are easy to drive without a 4WD. The entrance gate is on the north side. Since it is usually locked, you enter the ruins through the loose grille in the gate.
315:
relatively easy to spot. At this time, the Via
Egnatia had clearly lost its importance as a trade route in favor of maritime trade (especially through the northern Italian cities such as Venice). Many places along the
207:, a road station on the Via Egnatia road, which is attested in late antique itineraries. Its name is derived from the fact that in this region the horses of Diomedes are said to have grazed there, which, according to
233:), who apparently founded it, or at least ordered extensive construction there. The city may have been created when Anastasios settled 498 members of this tribe in Thrace after his victory over the
338:
in front of the city walls. However, the townspeople did not take part in the clashes and waited for the outcome. In 1355 John Asanes, governor of Peritheorion, handed the city over to Emperor
326:: in 1342 John VI Kantakouzenos besieged Peritheorion in vain, where his domestic opponents were staying. Also in the following year he failed to capture, now supported by the allied Emir
303:
Monastery owned a courtyard. At the same time, the place seems to have had a certain economic importance in the 11th and 12th centuries, as it is mentioned in several treaties between the
361:, the fortress was known as Bourou Kale. At the end of the 17th century only a few people lived in the city. It is believed that it was completely abandoned around this time.
672:
621:
662:
639:
Schmidts, Thomas (2017). "Die Befestigung des Hafens von Anastasiopolis. Eine justinianische Baumaßnahme in Südthrakien". In Johannes Fouquet; et al. (eds.).
667:
94:
410:
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invaded Thrace, destroyed Peritheorion and various other cities in the region, and dragged their inhabitants to the banks of the Danube.
657:
54:
629:
323:
349:, in 1421 at the latest, Peritheorion was under his control and was given away by the ruler to his Genoese ally, Giovanni
292:, however, the city of Peritheorion was previously known as a city with its own diocese, separate from Anastasiopolis.
606:
440:
597:
354:
404:
A “royal” Ostrogothic grave near Stabulum Diomedis in Thrace. First historical and topographical thoughts.
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278:
277:, who wrote in the 14th century that Anastasiopolis had recently been renamed Peritheorion by Emperor
677:
486:
147:
342:, the opponent of John VI. It wasn't until 1357 that John V actually got control of the place.
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219:
170:
41:
223:
8:
489:. Language Processing Institute - Thracian Electronic Treasure. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
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The city of Anastasiopolis itself is first mentioned in the 6th century by the historian
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Despite these fortifications, the city was captured by barbarians who invaded the
248:), a coastal wall facing the sea and an aqueduct that transported water from the
330:. On July 7, 1345, John V and Umur won a decisive victory over the robber baron
358:
334:, who had established a quasi-independent rule in the Rhodope Mountains in the
192:
151:
651:
109:
96:
413:." Princeton University Press, Princeton 2000, p. 51 and "directory notes".
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were thus deprived of their economic basis and the decline was unstoppable.
618:
Tabula Imperii Byzantini, Band 6: Thrakien (Thrakē, Rodopē und Haimimontos)
261:
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238:
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in 562. The diocese of Anastasiopolis was part of the archbishopric of
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was probably located nearby. This in turn is probably identical with
346:
300:
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143:
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from its foundation in the 7th century until the 12th century.
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For the place Tirida / Stabulum Diomedis see Pantos A. Pantos:
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200:
139:
81:
601:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1630.
643:(in German). Marsberg/Padberg: Scriptorium. pp. 293–304.
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546:
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Odysseus - Website of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism
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In the 11th century, Peritheorion was a rural town where
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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
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Buildings and structures in Rhodope (regional unit)
195:, through which it was originally connected to the
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649:
641:Argonautica. Festschrift für Reinhard Stupperich
663:Byzantine sites in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
191:The city is located in a fertile area north of
591:Reinert, Steven W. (1991). "Peritheorion". In
138:is an archaeological site located in northern
411:Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World
345:Shortly after the rise of the Ottoman Sultan
288:). According to the records of the Patriarch
237:. After him, according to Prokopios, under
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222:. The name is traced back to the emperor
668:Populated places of the Byzantine Empire
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307:and the Byzantine Empire. In 1203 Tsar
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598:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
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322:The city was also involved in the
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689:
658:Former populated places in Greece
406:In: Charalambos Bakirtzis (Ed.):
299:'s brother owned a house and the
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182:Anastasiopolis - north-south wall
324:Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
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53:
504:"Αναστασιούπολις - Περιθεώριον"
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267:
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487:"Peritheorion (Byzantine era)"
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142:, southeast of the village of
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1:
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353:. According to the report by
34:Αναστασιούπολις - Περιθεώριον
7:
136:Anastasiopolis-Peritheorion
28:Anastasiopolis-Peritheorion
10:
694:
584:
373:Entrance to Anastasiopolis
355:Bertrandon de la Broquière
279:Andronikos III Palaiologos
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485:M. Kortzi - V. Siametis.
125:
88:
77:
48:
39:
32:
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174:Nature conquers the city
616:Soustal, Peter (1991).
435:Prokopios of Caesarea,
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336:battle of Peritheorion
273:emperor and historian
199:. The ancient city of
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175:
620:(in German). Vienna:
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275:John VI Kantakouzenos
220:Procopius of Caesarea
181:
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110:41.10250°N 25.09139°E
224:Anastasius I Dicorus
502:Dadaki, Stavroula.
441:English translation
309:Kaloyan of Bulgaria
297:Gregory Pakourianos
158:and station on the
106: /
69:Shown within Greece
29:
593:Kazhdan, Alexander
565:, pp. 297ff..
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340:John V Palaiologos
305:Republic of Venice
184:
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115:41.10250; 25.09139
27:
631:978-3-7001-1898-5
290:Nicholas Mystikos
250:Rhodope Mountains
205:Stabulum Diomedis
150:regional unit in
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16:(Redirected from
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359:Ottoman Empire
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246: 527–565
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193:Lake Vistonida
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187:Anastasiopolis
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512:. Retrieved
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268:Peritheorion
262:Trajanopolis
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18:Peritheorion
317:Via Egnatia
239:Justinian I
160:Via Egnatia
113: /
89:Coordinates
652:Categories
510:(in Greek)
437:Buildings
390:References
209:Greek myth
197:Aegean Sea
156:Aegean Sea
129:Settlement
101:25°05′29″E
98:41°06′09″N
439:4,11,11 (
235:Isaurians
514:June 29,
347:Murad II
301:Vatopedi
213:Heracles
144:Amaxades
84:, Greece
78:Location
595:(ed.).
585:Sources
332:Momchil
166:History
148:Rhodope
146:in the
628:
605:
351:Adorno
201:Tirida
140:Greece
82:Thrace
365:Ruins
626:ISBN
603:ISBN
516:2020
126:Type
443:).
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