137:
149:
636:
20:
121:
1035:
2027:
2009:
193:
2039:
164:
In actinopterygian steady state swimming, the pelvic fins are actively controlled and used to provide powered corrective forces. Careful timing of the pelvic fin movement during whole-body movements allows the pelvic fins to generate forces that dampen the forces from the entire body, therefore
184:
in tetrapods, where the forelimb and hindlimb buds emerge at roughly the same timepoint, the pelvic fin bud emerges much later than the pectoral fin. While the pectoral fin bud is apparent at 36 hours post fertilization (hpf) in
248:
Maie, Takashi; Schoenfuss, Heiko L.; Blob, Richard W. (2007-09-10). "Ontogenetic
Scaling of Body Proportions In Waterfall-climbing Gobiid Fishes from Hawai'i and Dominica: Implications for Locomotor Function".
200:
In zebrafish, the pelvic fin bud starts as a mesenchymal condensation that forms an apical ectodermal thickening. A fin fold forms from this thickening, which is then invaded by migratory
291:
Shibukawa, Koichi, Dinh Dac Tran, and Loi Xuan Tran. "Phallostethus cuulong, a new species of priapiumfish (Actinopterygii: Atheriniformes: Phallostethidae) from the
Vietnamese Mekong."
204:, separating the fin bud into the proximal mesenchyme (which will give rise to the endoskeletal girdle and radials) and the distal mesenchyme (which will give rise to dermal fin rays).
99:) are positioned distally from the radials. There are three pairs of muscles each on the dorsal and ventral side of the pelvic fin girdle that abduct and adduct the fin from the body.
169:
data shows that pelvic fin muscles are activated after the start of the maneuver, indicating that the fins are used more for stabilization instead of generating the maneuver.
136:
148:
172:
In rays and skates, pelvic fins can be used for "punting," where they asynchronously or synchronously push off the substrate to propel the animal forwards.
537:
1739:
936:
1481:
893:
406:
Macesic, Laura J.; Kajiura, Stephen M. (2010-10-01). "Comparative punting kinematics and pelvic fin musculature of benthic batoids".
110:
modify their pelvic fins into a sucker disk that allow them to adhere to the substrate or climb structures, such as waterfalls. In
120:
898:
189:, the pelvic fin bud is only clear at around 21 days post fertilization (dpf), roughly when the animal is 8 mm in length.
1308:
530:
222:
1338:
232:
114:, males have modified their pelvic structures into a spiny copulatory device that grasps the female during mating.
992:
929:
262:
523:
310:"Pelvic fin locomotor function in fishes: three-dimensional kinematics in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)"
2043:
1077:
977:
657:
635:
1729:
1456:
1426:
1313:
922:
749:
585:
2002:
1995:
1962:
1704:
1376:
1057:
92:
2012:
1771:
50:, and are the lower of the only two sets of paired fins (the other being the laterally positioned
1990:
1972:
1534:
1283:
1034:
1952:
1776:
1761:
1584:
1303:
1192:
888:
832:
827:
812:
2065:
1982:
1967:
1476:
1293:
903:
1977:
1273:
842:
769:
754:
8:
1766:
1709:
1509:
1396:
1185:
837:
764:
359:"Muscle activity and hydrodynamic function of pelvic fins in trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)"
1348:
852:
817:
570:
501:
439:
274:
55:
480:
463:
1694:
1599:
1504:
1416:
1411:
1358:
1165:
972:
962:
868:
847:
807:
687:
605:
493:
485:
431:
423:
388:
380:
339:
331:
266:
228:
443:
278:
1436:
1381:
1343:
1298:
1256:
1180:
967:
878:
652:
505:
475:
415:
370:
321:
258:
181:
166:
88:
67:
1653:
1633:
1461:
1448:
1431:
1386:
1268:
1207:
1131:
1126:
1062:
1049:
1019:
822:
726:
709:
580:
71:
19:
1929:
1902:
1794:
1786:
1719:
1689:
1628:
1610:
1564:
1554:
1158:
1111:
883:
774:
697:
644:
615:
575:
550:
2059:
2031:
1934:
1848:
1668:
1643:
1638:
1594:
1589:
1544:
1539:
1519:
1391:
1170:
1089:
704:
620:
610:
489:
427:
384:
335:
270:
96:
1924:
1748:
1663:
1623:
1524:
1466:
1406:
1333:
1328:
1318:
1234:
1224:
1153:
1136:
1043:
1004:
997:
786:
497:
435:
392:
343:
111:
51:
1907:
1895:
1821:
1579:
1574:
1549:
1529:
1471:
1366:
1261:
1239:
1229:
1202:
1072:
1024:
781:
731:
714:
672:
667:
662:
196:
The pelvic fin appears at roughly 21 days post fertilization in zebrafish
515:
102:
Pelvic fin structures can be extremely specialized in actinopterygians.
1957:
1756:
1724:
1658:
1648:
1569:
1559:
1244:
1212:
1197:
1143:
1116:
1099:
682:
595:
590:
419:
375:
358:
326:
309:
201:
107:
154:
Lumpsuckers use their modified pelvic fins to adhere to the substrate.
1714:
1699:
1684:
1514:
1175:
1121:
1106:
1084:
1067:
1014:
759:
186:
24:
1917:
1858:
1804:
1799:
1618:
1486:
1148:
1094:
1009:
791:
692:
600:
464:"The development of the paired fins in the Zebrafish (Danio rerio)"
63:
59:
43:
1890:
1885:
1863:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1371:
1323:
1217:
987:
982:
719:
192:
95:-derived bony girdles attached to bony radials. Dermal fin rays (
1809:
677:
103:
142:
Gobiids have modified their pelvic fins into adhesive suckers.
1912:
1841:
1251:
1814:
1401:
954:
945:
873:
741:
554:
263:
10.1643/0045-8511(2007)2007[755:OSOBPI]2.0.CO;2
224:
47:
1853:
1421:
562:
546:
914:
462:
Grandel, Heiner; Schulte-Merker, Stefan (1998-12-01).
461:
247:
16:Paired fins located on the ventral surface of fish
2057:
457:
455:
453:
405:
303:
301:
930:
531:
450:
298:
937:
923:
538:
524:
46:located on the ventral (belly) surface of
1482:Tradeoffs for locomotion in air and water
894:Tradeoffs for locomotion in air and water
545:
479:
374:
325:
77:
191:
18:
356:
307:
2058:
918:
519:
165:stabilizing the fish. For maneuvers,
220:
2038:
1309:Electroreception and electrogenesis
13:
14:
2077:
91:, the pelvic fin consists of two
2037:
2026:
2025:
2008:
2007:
1033:
634:
147:
135:
119:
993:Environmental impact of fishing
363:Journal of Experimental Biology
314:Journal of Experimental Biology
227:. University of Chicago Press.
399:
350:
285:
241:
214:
175:
1:
481:10.1016/S0925-4773(98)00176-2
357:Standen, E. M. (2010-03-01).
308:Standen, E. M. (2008-09-15).
221:Hall, Brian K. (2008-09-15).
207:
1078:intramembranous ossification
82:
7:
159:
10:
2082:
1457:Fin and flipper locomotion
1427:Sequential hermaphroditism
1314:Jamming avoidance response
1031:
750:Flying and gliding animals
586:Fin and flipper locomotion
2021:
1945:
1878:
1785:
1747:
1738:
1677:
1608:
1495:
1447:
1357:
1282:
1042:
952:
861:
800:
740:
643:
632:
561:
468:Mechanisms of Development
944:
126:Pelvic fin skeleton for
1973:Glossary of ichthyology
1535:Diel vertical migration
54:). The pelvic fins are
1339:Surface wave detection
1304:Hydrodynamic reception
978:Diseases and parasites
889:Terrestrial locomotion
833:Evolution of cetaceans
828:Origin of avian flight
813:Evolution of tetrapods
197:
78:Structure and function
32:
1477:Undulatory locomotion
1294:Ampullae of Lorenzini
904:Undulatory locomotion
853:Homologous structures
408:Journal of Morphology
295:3363.1 (2012): 45-51.
195:
66:, which evolved from
29:Barbonymus gonionotus
22:
1705:Genetically modified
848:Analogous structures
843:Convergent evolution
1510:Aquatic respiration
1397:Life history theory
899:Rotating locomotion
838:Comparative anatomy
23:Pelvic fins from a
1349:Weberian apparatus
818:Evolution of birds
571:Aquatic locomotion
420:10.1002/jmor.10865
376:10.1242/jeb.033084
327:10.1242/jeb.018572
198:
33:
2053:
2052:
1963:Fish common names
1874:
1873:
1505:Aquatic predation
1329:Capacity for pain
1058:Age determination
912:
911:
869:Animal locomotion
808:Evolution of fish
688:facultative biped
414:(10): 1219–1228.
320:(18): 2931–2942.
2073:
2041:
2040:
2029:
2028:
2011:
2010:
1745:
1744:
1037:
968:Ethnoichthyology
939:
932:
925:
916:
915:
879:Robot locomotion
653:Limb development
638:
611:Lobe-finned fish
540:
533:
526:
517:
516:
510:
509:
483:
459:
448:
447:
403:
397:
396:
378:
354:
348:
347:
329:
305:
296:
289:
283:
282:
245:
239:
238:
218:
182:limb development
151:
139:
123:
89:actinopterygians
68:lobe-finned fish
2081:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2017:
1941:
1870:
1781:
1734:
1673:
1604:
1497:
1491:
1443:
1387:Ichthyoplankton
1353:
1285:
1278:
1274:Digital Library
1269:Teleost leptins
1208:Shark cartilage
1132:pharyngeal slit
1127:pharyngeal arch
1063:Anguilliformity
1048:
1046:
1038:
1029:
948:
943:
913:
908:
857:
823:Origin of birds
796:
736:
658:Limb morphology
639:
630:
616:Ray-finned fish
581:Fish locomotion
557:
544:
514:
513:
474:(1–2): 99–120.
460:
451:
404:
400:
355:
351:
306:
299:
290:
286:
246:
242:
235:
219:
215:
210:
178:
162:
155:
152:
143:
140:
131:
124:
85:
80:
72:Middle Devonian
17:
12:
11:
5:
2079:
2069:
2068:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2035:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2005:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1791:
1789:
1787:Wild fisheries
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1753:
1751:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1710:Hallucinogenic
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1585:Schooling fish
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1545:Filter feeders
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1520:Bottom feeders
1517:
1512:
1507:
1501:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1453:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1363:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1166:Leydig's organ
1163:
1162:
1161:
1159:pharyngeal jaw
1156:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1112:branchial arch
1104:
1103:
1102:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1065:
1060:
1054:
1052:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
1001:
1000:
995:
990:
980:
975:
970:
965:
959:
957:
950:
949:
942:
941:
934:
927:
919:
910:
909:
907:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
865:
863:
859:
858:
856:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
804:
802:
798:
797:
795:
794:
789:
787:Pterosaur wing
784:
779:
778:
777:
772:
767:
757:
752:
746:
744:
738:
737:
735:
734:
729:
724:
723:
722:
712:
707:
702:
701:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
655:
649:
647:
641:
640:
633:
631:
629:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
576:Cephalopod fin
573:
567:
565:
559:
558:
543:
542:
535:
528:
520:
512:
511:
449:
398:
369:(5): 831–841.
349:
297:
284:
257:(3): 755–764.
240:
233:
212:
211:
209:
206:
177:
174:
167:electromyogram
161:
158:
157:
156:
153:
146:
144:
141:
134:
132:
125:
118:
93:endochondrally
84:
81:
79:
76:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2078:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2046:
2045:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2013:more lists...
2006:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1968:Fish families
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1953:Aquarium life
1951:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1936:
1935:fleshy-finned
1933:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1903:Cartilaginous
1901:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1540:Electric fish
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1171:Mauthner cell
1169:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1090:Chromatophore
1088:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
985:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
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52:pectoral fins
49:
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2066:Fish anatomy
2042:
2030:
1930:spiny-finned
1879:Major groups
1600:Intelligence
1580:Scale eaters
1525:Cleaner fish
1407:Mouthbrooder
1359:Reproduction
1334:Schreckstoff
1319:Lateral line
1235:Swim bladder
1225:Spiral valve
1154:hyomandibula
1137:pseudobranch
1020:Hypoxia in -
625:
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163:
130:, zebrafish.
127:
112:priapiumfish
101:
86:
40:ventral fins
39:
35:
34:
28:
2044:WikiProject
2003:Prehistoric
1987:Threatened
1678:Other types
1575:Sardine run
1550:Forage fish
1530:Corallivory
1382:Development
1367:Bubble nest
1240:physoclisti
1230:Suckermouth
1203:Root effect
1025:Ichthyology
782:Insect wing
732:Webbed foot
673:unguligrade
668:plantigrade
663:digitigrade
176:Development
128:Danio rerio
108:lumpsuckers
70:during the
42:are paired
36:Pelvic fins
1659:Groundfish
1654:Freshwater
1649:Euryhaline
1634:Coral reef
1570:Salmon run
1560:Paedophagy
1462:Amphibious
1449:Locomotion
1257:pharyngeal
1245:physostome
1198:Photophore
1144:Glossohyal
1117:gill raker
1100:dorsal fin
1050:physiology
710:Cephalopod
626:Pelvic fin
596:Dorsal fin
591:Caudal fin
208:References
202:mesenchyme
56:homologous
1908:chimaeras
1795:Predatory
1772:Salmonids
1730:Whitefish
1720:Poisonous
1695:Diversity
1629:Coldwater
1565:Predatory
1555:Migratory
1515:Bait ball
1498:behaviour
1417:Pregnancy
1412:Polyandry
1186:papillare
1181:Operculum
1176:Meristics
1122:gill slit
1085:Cleithrum
1015:Fish kill
1005:Fear of -
998:- as food
988:Fisheries
973:Evolution
963:Diversity
801:Evolution
760:Bird wing
705:Arthropod
698:quadruped
490:0925-4773
428:1097-4687
385:0022-0949
336:0022-0949
271:0045-8511
187:zebrafish
83:Structure
64:tetrapods
60:hindlimbs
25:Java barb
2060:Category
2032:Category
1983:Smallest
1896:lampreys
1859:flatfish
1849:Demersal
1805:mackerel
1800:billfish
1740:Commerce
1669:Tropical
1644:Demersal
1639:Deep-sea
1595:Venomous
1487:RoboTuna
1437:triggers
1432:Spawning
1392:Juvenile
1377:Egg case
1010:FishBase
792:Wingspan
775:feathers
770:skeleton
755:Bat wing
715:Tetrapod
601:Fish fin
498:10349624
444:14758769
436:20623523
393:20154199
344:18775930
279:85634593
160:Function
1978:Largest
1891:hagfish
1886:Jawless
1864:pollock
1837:sardine
1832:herring
1827:anchovy
1777:Tilapia
1767:Octopus
1762:Catfish
1749:Farming
1664:Pelagic
1624:Coastal
1611:habitat
1467:Walking
1372:Clasper
1324:Otolith
1286:systems
1284:Sensory
1218:ganoine
1193:Papilla
1044:Anatomy
983:Fishing
862:Related
720:dactyly
606:Flipper
506:1021058
293:Zootaxa
180:Unlike
104:Gobiids
58:to the
1996:sharks
1913:sharks
1842:sprats
1822:Forage
1810:salmon
1690:Coarse
1472:Flying
1344:Vision
1299:Barbel
1213:Scales
1073:dermal
953:About
884:Samara
693:triped
678:uniped
504:
496:
488:
442:
434:
426:
391:
383:
342:
334:
277:
269:
251:Copeia
231:
1958:Blind
1946:Lists
1725:Rough
1590:Sleep
1496:Other
1262:shark
1252:Teeth
742:Wings
727:Digit
683:biped
645:Limbs
555:wings
551:limbs
502:S2CID
440:S2CID
275:S2CID
1991:rays
1925:Bony
1918:rays
1815:tuna
1757:Carp
1715:Oily
1700:Game
1685:Bait
1619:Cave
1402:Milt
1107:Gill
1095:Fins
1068:Bone
955:fish
946:Fish
874:Gait
765:keel
563:Fins
553:and
547:Fins
494:PMID
486:ISSN
432:PMID
424:ISSN
389:PMID
381:ISSN
340:PMID
332:ISSN
267:ISSN
255:2007
229:ISBN
106:and
48:fish
44:fins
1854:cod
1609:By
1422:Roe
1149:Jaw
1047:and
476:doi
416:doi
412:271
371:doi
367:213
322:doi
318:211
259:doi
87:In
62:of
38:or
2062::
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31:)
27:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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