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cloth, and envelope the body in buttered paper. The head and claws, which project at the two ends, must be basted with water during the cooking, to preserve them, and especially the tuft. Before taking it off the spit, brown the bird by removing the paper. Garnish with lemon and flowers. If to come on the table cold, place the bird in a wooden trencher, in the middle of which is fixed a wooden skewer, which should penetrate the body of the bird, to keep it upright. Arrange the claws and feathers in a natural manner, and the tail like a fan, supported with wire. No ordinary cook can place a peacock on the table properly. This ceremony was reserved, in the times of chivalry, for the lady most distinguished for her beauty. She carried it, amidst inspiring music, and placed it, at the commencement of the banquet, before the master of the house. At a nuptial feast, the peacock was served by the maid of honour, and placed before the bride for her to consume.
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multiple signals enhances the reliability of that mate. This idea also suggests that the success of multiple signalling is not only due to the repetitiveness of the signal, but also of multiple receivers of the signal. In the peacock species, males congregate a communal display during breeding season and the peahens observe. Peacocks first defend their territory through intra-sexual behaviour, defending their areas from intruders. They fight for areas within the congregation to display a strong front for the peahens. Central positions are usually taken by older, dominant males, which influences mating success. Certain morphological and behavioural traits come in to play during inter and intra-sexual selection, which include train length for territory acquisition and visual and vocal displays involved in mate choice by peahens.
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greater predation. She allowed females to mate with males with differing numbers of eyespots, and reared the offspring in a communal incubator to control for differences in maternal care. Chicks fathered by more ornamented males weighed more than those fathered by less ornamented males, an attribute generally associated with better survival rate in birds. These chicks were released into the park and recaptured one year later. Those with heavily ornamented feathers were better able to avoid predators and survive in natural conditions. Thus, Petrie's work shows correlations between tail ornamentation, mating success, and increased survival ability in both the ornamented males and their offspring.
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pied, white-eye (the ocelli in a male's eye feathers have white spots instead of black), and silver pied (a mostly white bird with small patches of colour). Colour variations include white, purple, Buford bronze, opal, midnight, charcoal, jade, and taupe, as well as the sex-linked colours purple, cameo, peach, and Sonja's
Violeta. Additional colour and pattern variations are first approved by the United Peafowl Association to become officially recognised as a morph among breeders. Alternately-coloured peafowl are born differently coloured than wild-type peafowl, and though each colour is recognisable at hatch, their peachick plumage does not necessarily match their adult plumage.
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476:) has iridescent blue and green plumage, mostly metal-like blue and green. In both species, females are a little smaller than males in terms of weight and wingspan, but males are significantly longer due to the "tail", also known as a "train". The peacock train consists not of tail quill feathers but highly elongated upper tail coverts. These feathers are marked with eyespots, best seen when a peacock fans his tail. All species have a crest atop the head. The Indian peahen has a mixture of dull grey, brown, and green in her plumage. The female also displays her plumage to ward off female competition or signal danger to her young.
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1518:, which causes pigment cells to fail to migrate from the neural crest during development. Leucistic peafowl can produce pigment but not deposit the pigment to their feathers, resulting in a blue-grey eye colour and the complete lack of colouration in their plumage. Pied peafowl are affected by partial leucism, where only some pigment cells fail to migrate, resulting in birds that have colour but also have patches absent of all colour; they, too, have blue-grey eyes. By contrast, true albino peafowl would have a complete lack of
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1561:(1809–1882) presented firm evidence for it being a variety under domestication, which treatment is now well established and accepted. It being a colour variation rather than a wild species was important for Darwin to prove, as otherwise it could undermine his theory of slow modification by natural selection in the wild. It is, however, only a case of genetic variation within the population. In this mutation, the adult male is melanistic with black wings.
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1503:, after the first person to successfully hybridise them, Keith Spalding. Spaldings with a high-green phenotype do much better in cold temperatures than the cold-intolerant green peafowl while still looking like their green parents. Plumage varies between individual spaldings, with some looking far more like green peafowl and some looking far more like blue peafowl, though most visually carry traits of both.
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wisdom. The emblem of a pair of peacocks drinking from a vase is used as a symbol of the eucharist and the resurrection, as it represents the
Christian believer drinking from the waters of eternal life. The peacock can also symbolise the cosmos if one interprets its tail with its many "eyes" as the vault of heaven dotted by the sun, moon, and stars. Due to the adoption by
542:(fiber-like components) of the feathers, produce the peacock's colors. 2D photonic-crystal structures within the layers of the barbules cause the coloration of their feathers. Slight changes to the spacing of the barbules result in different colors. Brown feathers are a mixture of red and blue: one color is created by the periodic structure and the other is created by a
953:) were abundant. Therefore, they came to be known as "Moriyas", literally, "belonging to the place of peacocks". According to another Buddhist account, these ancestors built a city called Moriya-nagara ("Moriya-city"), which was so called, because it was built with the "bricks coloured like peacocks' necks". After conquering the
702:, showed little variance across male populations, and did not correlate with male physiological condition. Adeline Loyau and her colleagues responded that alternative and possibly central explanations for these results had been overlooked. They concluded that female choice might indeed vary in different ecological conditions.
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and the angle at which they are displayed. The angle at which the ocelli are displayed during courtship is more important in a peahen's choice of males than train size or number of ocelli. Peahens pay careful attention to the different parts of a peacock's train during his display. The lower train is
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Another hypothesis is sensory bias, in which females have a preference for a trait in a non-mating context that becomes transferred to mating, such as Merle Jacobs' food-courtship hypothesis, which suggests that peahens are attracted to peacocks for the resemblance of their eye spots to blue berries.
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In courtship, vocalisation stands to be a primary way for peacocks to attract peahens. Some studies suggest that the intricacy of the "song" produced by displaying peacocks proved to be impressive to peafowl. Singing in peacocks usually occurs just before, just after, or sometimes during copulation.
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In addition to the wild-type "blue" colouration, several hundred variations in colour and pattern are recognised as separate morphs of the Indian Blue among peafowl breeders. Pattern variations include solid-wing/black shoulder (the black and brown stripes on the wing are instead one solid colour),
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Instead of plucking this bird, take off the skin with the greatest care, so that the feathers do not get detached or broken. Stuff it with what you like, as truffles, mushrooms, livers of fowls, bacon, salt, spice, thyme, crumbs of bread, and a bay-leaf. Wrap the claws and head in several folds of
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either early in the morning or at dusk. They retreat to the shade and security of the woods for the hottest portion of the day. These birds are not picky and will eat almost anything they can fit in their beak and digest. They actively hunt insects like ants, crickets and termites; millipedes; and
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Although an intricate display catches a peahen's attention, the redundant signal hypothesis also plays a crucial role in keeping this attention on the peacock's display. The redundant signal hypothesis explains that whilst each signal that a male projects is about the same quality, the addition of
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In contrast to Petrie's findings, a seven-year
Japanese study of free-ranging peafowl concluded that female peafowl do not select mates solely on the basis of their trains. Mariko Takahashi found no evidence that peahens preferred peacocks with more elaborate trains (such as with more eyespots), a
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In
Yazidism, the peacock is believed to represent the diversity of the world, and the colourfulness of the peacock's feathers is considered to represent of all the colours of nature. The feathers of the peacock also symbolize sun rays, from which come light, luminosity and brightness. The peacock
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The peacock's train and iridescent plumage are perhaps the best-known examples of traits believed to have arisen through sexual selection, though with some controversy. Male peafowl erect their trains to form a shimmering fan in their display for females. Marion Petrie tested whether or not these
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Most commonly, during a courtship display, the visiting female peahen will stop directly in front of the male peacock, thus providing her with the ability to assess the male at 90° to the surface of the feather. Then, the male will turn and display his feathers about 45° to the right of the sun's
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The symbolic association of peacock feathers with the wings of angels led to the belief that the waving of such liturgical fans resulted in an automated emission of prayers. This affinity between peacocks’ and angels’ feathers was also expressed in other artistic media, including paintings of
504:
Mature peahens have been recorded as suddenly growing typically male peacock plumage and making male calls. Research has suggested that changes in mature birds are due to a lack of estrogen from old or damaged ovaries, and that male plumage and calls are the default unless hormonally suppressed.
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The symbolism was adopted by early
Christianity, thus many early Christian paintings and mosaics show the peacock. The peacock is still used in the Easter season, especially in the east. The "eyes" in the peacock's tail feathers can symbolise the all-seeing Christian God, the Church, or angelic
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in the train predicted a male's mating success. She was able to manipulate this success by cutting the eyespots off some of the males' tails: females lost interest in pruned males and became attracted to untrimmed ones. Males with fewer eyespots, thus having lower mating success, suffered from
622:
Multiple hypotheses involving female choice have been posited. One hypothesis is that females choose mates with good genes. Males with more exaggerated secondary sexual characteristics, such as bigger, brighter peacock trains, tend to have better genes in the peahen's eyes. These better genes
498:) male does not display his covert feathers, but uses his actual tail feathers during courtship displays. These feathers are much shorter than those of the Indian and green species, and the ocelli are much less pronounced. Females of the Indian and African species are dull grey and/or brown.
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Peacocks (often a symbol of pride and vanity) were believed to deliberately consume poisonous substances in order to become immune to them, as well as to make the colours of their resplendent plumage all the more vibrant – seeing as so many poisonous flora and fauna are so colourful due to
1204:. This brightly hued peacock was adopted due to the increase in colour programming. NBC's first colour broadcasts showed only a still frame of the colourful peacock. The emblem made its first on-air appearance on 22 May 1956. The current, six-feathered logo debuted on 12 May 1986.
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487:) have green and bronze or gold plumage, and black wings with a sheen of blue. Unlike Indian peafowl, the green peahen is similar to the male, but has shorter upper tail coverts, a more coppery neck, and overall less iridescence. Both males and females have spurs.
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in half. Out of respect for his adversary's prowess in battle, the god converted the two halves into an integral part of himself. One half became a peacock serving as his mount, and the other a rooster adorning his flag. The peacock displays the divine shape of
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Many female progenitors of the peacock must, during a long line of descent, have appreciated this superiority; for they have unconsciously, by the continued preference for the most beautiful males, rendered the peacock the most splendid of living birds.
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display to intimidate predators and rivals. This hypothesis is designed to explain
Takahashi's observations that in Japan, neither reproductive success nor physical condition correlate with the train's length, symmetry or number of eyespots.
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Runaway selection is another hypothesis. In runaway sexual selection, linked genes in males and females code for sexually dimorphic traits in males, and preference for those traits in females. The close spatial association of
860:
Domesticated peafowl may also eat bread and cracked grain such as oats and corn, cheese, cooked rice and sometimes cat food. It has been noticed by keepers that peafowl enjoy protein-rich food including larvae that infest
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azimuth which allows the sunlight to accentuate the iridescence of his train. If the female chooses to interact with the male, he will then turn to face her and shiver his train so as to begin the mating process.
371:, is not a true peafowl. Male peafowl are known for their piercing calls and their extravagant plumage. The latter is especially prominent in the Asiatic species, which have an eye-spotted "tail" or "train" of
674:
Furthermore, peafowl and their sexual characteristics have been used in the discussion of the causes for sexual traits. Amotz Zahavi used the excessive tail plumes of male peafowls as evidence for his "
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of the ancient idea that the peacock's flesh did not decay, the bird was again associated with immortality. In
Christian iconography, two peacocks are often depicted either side of the Tree of Life.
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Consequently, due to its holiness, Yazidis are not allowed to hunt and eat the peacock, ill-treat it or utter bad words about it. Images of the peacock are also found drawn around the sanctuary of
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usually evaluated during close-up courtship, while the upper train is more of a long-distance attraction signal. Actions such as train rattling and wing shaking also kept the peahens' attention.
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1116:, refers to it as "the Persian bird". When Alexander saw the birds in India, he was so amazed at their beauty that he threatened the severest penalties for any man who slew one.
501:
Chicks of both sexes in all the species are cryptically colored. They vary between yellow and tawny, usually with patches of darker brown or light tan and "dirty white" ivory.
595:
It has been suggested that a peacock's train, loud call, and fearless behavior have been formed by natural selection (with or without sexual selection too), and served as an
945:, was born an orphan and raised by a family farming peacocks. According to the Buddhist tradition, the ancestors of the Maurya kings had settled in a region where peacocks (
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and their length hinders escape from danger), Zahavi argued that only the fittest males could survive the handicap of a large train. Thus, a brilliant train serves as an
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peak from reflections from the outer and inner boundaries. Color derived from physical structure rather than pigment can vary with viewing angle, causing iridescence.
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Loyau, Adeline; Saint Jalme, Michel; Cagniant, Cécile; Sorci, Gabriele (October 2005). "Multiple sexual advertisements honestly reflect health status in peacocks (
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The Yezidi religious textual tradition : from oral to written categories, transmission, scripturalisation and canonisation of the Yezidi oral religious texts
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The Yezidi
Religious Textual Tradition : From Oral to Written Categories, Transmission, Scripturalisation and Canonisation of the Yezidi Oral Religious Texts
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1920:
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1051:, of whom Tawûsî Melek was appointed as the leader. God assigned all of the world's affairs to these seven Divine Beings, also often referred to as the Seven
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Ancient Greeks believed that the flesh of peafowl did not decay after death, so it became a symbol of immortality. In
Hellenistic imagery, the Greek goddess
573:
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Loyau, Adeline; Petrie, Marion; Saint Jalme, Michel; Sorci, Gabriele (November 2008). "Do peahens not prefer peacocks with more elaborate trains?".
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for females that these highly ornamented males are good at surviving for other reasons, so are preferable mates. This theory may be contrasted with
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1954:
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van Grouw, H. & Dekkers, W. 2023. The taxonomic history of Black-shouldered
Peafowl; with Darwin’s help downgraded from species to variation.
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Green, N. (2006). Ostrich Eggs and Peacock Feathers: Sacred Objects as Cultural Exchange between Christianity and Islam. Al-Masāq, 18(1), 27–78.
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1921:
Adeline Loyau, Doris Gomez, Benoît Moureau, Marc Théry, Nathan S. Hart, Michel Saint Jalme, Andrew T.D. Bennett, Gabriele Sorci (November 2007).
1557:)) and was a topic of some interest during Darwin's time. Others had doubts about its taxonomic status, but the English naturalist and biologist
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Peafowl are forest birds that nest on the ground, but roost in trees. They are terrestrial feeders. All species of peafowl are believed to be
406:
of the males' fitness, since less-fit males would be disadvantaged by the difficulty of surviving with such large and conspicuous structures.
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Loyau, Adeline; Jalme, Michel Saint; Sorci, Gabriele (September 2005). "Intra- and Intersexual Selection for Multiple Traits in the Peacock (
2020:
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1172:, the golden peacock is a symbol for joy and creativity, with quills from the bird's feathers being a metaphor for a writer's inspiration.
961:, the Chandragupta dynasty reigned uncontested during its time. Its royal emblem remained the peacock until Emperor Ashoka changed it to a
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Mathews, Thomas (2022). "The iconography of the visions of Isaiah and Ezekiel". In Alpi, F.; Meyer, R.; Tinti, I.; Zakarian, D. (eds.).
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more symmetrical arrangement, or a greater length. Takahashi determined that the peacock's train was not the universal target of female
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865:, different kinds of meat and fruit, as well as vegetables including dark leafy greens, broccoli, carrots, beans, beets, and peas.
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were privileged to eat less usual foods, such as swan, and even peafowl were consumed. On a king's table, a peacock would be for
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678:". Since these trains are likely to be deleterious to an individual's survival (as their brilliance makes them more visible to
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The Haran Gawaita and The Baptism of Hibil-Ziwa: The Mandaic text reproduced together with translation, notes and commentary
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when it spreads its magnificent plumes into a full-blown circular form. A peacock feather also adorns the crest of the god
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peafowl do exist, this is quite rare, and almost all white peafowl are not albinos; they have a genetic condition called
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1522:, resulting in irises that look red or pink. Leucistic peachicks are born yellow and become fully white as they mature.
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Clothey, Fred W. Many Faces of Murakan: The History and Meaning of a South Indian God. Walter De Gruyter Inc., 1978.
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Yorzinski, Jessica L.; Patricelli, Gail L.; Babcock, Jason S.; Pearson, John M.; Platt, Michael L. (15 August 2013).
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1143:, to commemorate her faithful watchman, Hera had the hundred eyes of Argus preserved forever, in the peacock's tail.
1813:
Zi, Jian; Yu, Xindi; Li, Yizhou; Hu, Xinhua; Xu, Chun; Wang, Xingjun; Liu, Xiaohan; Fu, Rongtang (28 October 2003).
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In ancient Rome, peafowl were served as a delicacy. The dish was introduced there in approximately 35 B.C. The poet
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Keating, Jessica (November 2021). "Hidden in plain sight: on copiousness in the Kunstkammer of Emperor Rudolf II".
2974:; Arakelova, Victoria (January 2003). Asatrian, Garnik S. (ed.). "Malak-Tāwūs: The Peacock Angel of the Yezidis".
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and on other Yazidi shrines and holy sites, homes, as well as religious, social, cultural and academic centres.
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973:. The peacock continued to represent elegance and royalty in India during medieval times; for instance, the
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involved in the train in males, and for preference for more exuberant trains in females, on the chromosome (
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Anoop, K. R.; Yorzinski, Jessica L. (1 January 2013). "Peacock copulation calls attract distant females".
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1923:"Iridescent structurally based coloration of eyespots correlates with mating success in the peacock"
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Petrie, Marion; Halliday, T.; Sanders, C. (1991). "Peahens prefer peacocks with elaborate trains".
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suggested that they served to attract females, and the showy features of the males had evolved by
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ridiculed the eating of peafowl, saying they tasted like chicken. Peafowl eggs were also valued.
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3725:"Ancient Foodies: Modern Misconceptions, Alternative Uses, and Recipes for Food in Ancient Rome"
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Takahashi, Mariko; Arita, Hiroyuki; Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, Mariko; Hasegawa, Toshikazu (April 2008).
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coloration and large "train" of peacocks have been the subject of extensive scientific debate.
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period, various types of fowl were consumed as food, with the poorer populations (such as
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displays signalled a male's genetic quality by studying a feral population of peafowl in
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1973:"Can there be an Alternative Evolutionary Reason Behind the Peacock's Impressive Train?"
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I, 625. The peacock is an Eastern bird, unknown to Greeks before the time of Alexander.
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The Survival of the Pagan Gods: Mythological Tradition in Renaissance Humanism and Art
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1108:'s chariot was pulled by peacocks, birds not known to Greeks before the conquests of
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2443:"Eye for an eyespot: how iridescent plumage ocelli influence peacock mating success"
2427:
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1968:
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directly benefit her offspring, as well as her fitness and reproductive success.
372:
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3711:
1819:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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978:
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4219:
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3017:
3009:
1848:
1697:
1295:
1059:
opening the feathers of its tail in a circular shape symbolizes the sunrise.
1044:
950:
878:
687:
491:
480:
425:
364:
360:
290:
73:
7620:
3599:
3001:
2459:
2442:
2018:
Jordania, Joseph (2011). "Peacock's Tail: Tale of Beauty and Intimidation".
1939:
1922:
1839:
1022:
India adopted the peacock as its national bird in 1963 and it is one of the
1015:
is depicted seated on a peacock. Peacocks are seen supporting the throne of
818:
690:'s hypothesis that male sexual traits are the result of initially arbitrary
8155:
7960:
7485:
7298:
7272:
7209:
7111:
7106:
6997:
6967:
6438:
6229:
6085:
5761:
5725:
5259:
4959:
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4695:
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4209:
4086:
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3531:
3300:
3292:
2509:
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1597:
also mocked the ostentation and snobbery of eating peafowl and their eggs.
1233:
1197:
962:
954:
824:
756:, the males possess metatarsal spurs or "thorns" on their legs used during
710:
670:
A peacock in flight: Zahavi argued that the long train would be a handicap.
650:
Multiple causalities for the evolution of female choice are also possible.
395:
322:
248:
3434:
3248:
3138:
2914:
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301:
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7027:
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5691:
5607:
5566:
5282:
4616:
4347:
4322:
4228:
4121:
3920:
3904:
3874:
1882:"Light as a Feather: Structural Elements Give Peacock Plumes Their Color"
1601:
1549:
mutation was initially considered as a subspecies of the Indian peafowl (
1492:
1279:
1181:
1008:
849:
753:
699:
609:
514:
464:
368:
337:
223:
213:
203:
48:
8266:
3781:
3548:
In the Eye of the Animal: Zoological Imagination in Ancient Christianity
2660:
523:
As with many birds, vibrant iridescent plumage colors are not primarily
8900:
8788:
8626:
8462:
8313:
8116:
7868:
7659:
7430:
7291:
7047:
6962:
6639:
6418:
6368:
6358:
6294:
5995:
5970:
5557:
5522:
5213:
5180:
5168:
4799:
4744:
4705:
4401:
4285:
4271:
4170:
3972:
3025:
2687:"Why Are There So Many Peacocks in India's Arts, Culture, and Legends?"
2491:
1403: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1303:
1012:
923:
801:
643:
loop that exaggerates both the male traits and the female preferences.
596:
383:
283:
276:
265:
93:
58:
3171:
2869:
2235:"Peacocks with low mating success are more likely to suffer predation"
2047:
1906:
1881:
1487:
1039:
Tawûsî Melek (lit. 'Peacock Angel') one of the central figures of the
7265:
7162:
6989:
6972:
6913:
6559:
6474:
5499:
4899:
4657:
4521:
3982:
3130:
3123:
The Religion of the Peacock Angel: The Yezidis and Their Spirit World
2476:"Through their eyes: selective attention in peahens during courtship"
2273:
Sexual Selections: What we can and can't learn about sex from animals
2049:
1594:
1590:
1546:
1480:
1360:
1120:
writes that there were peacocks in India, larger than anywhere else.
1113:
1000:
907:
883:
862:
854:
845:
837:
691:
618:
Peacock (seen from behind) displaying to attract peahen in foreground
163:
98:
42:
8801:
8762:
8488:
8449:
8129:
7881:
7672:
7549:
1984:
1972:
1378:
1019:, the ruby red sunset coloured archetypal Buddha of Infinite Light.
836:
and mostly eat plants, flower petals, seed heads, insects and other
441:
309:
8652:
8339:
8090:
7954:
7807:
7572:
7329:
7002:
6977:
6614:
6409:
6329:
5582:
5512:
5236:
4180:
4021:
3892:
3575:
Hall's Illustrated Dictionary of Symbols in Eastern and Western Art
3515:
3206:
2080:
1511:
1085:
1040:
1016:
915:
895:
833:
679:
333:
328:
255:
233:
183:
118:
88:
83:
68:
63:
53:
3033:
1196:
In 1956, John J. Graham created an abstraction of an 11-feathered
1096:
718:
A peacock's copulation success rate depends on the colours of his
340:(the pheasants and their allies). Male peafowl are referred to as
130:
8775:
8708:
8395:
8023:
7855:
7781:
7182:
7126:
7116:
5014:
4934:
4486:
4382:
3933:
3832:
2993:
2906:
The Role of Nature in Yezidism: Poetic Texts and Living Tradition
2730:
2473:
2138:." Evolution 101: Runaway Selection. N.p., n.d. 24 November 2014.
1625:
1613:
1605:
1519:
1515:
1237:
992:
932:
911:
841:
666:
628:
539:
524:
103:
78:
2992:
in collaboration with the Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies (
8695:
8382:
8010:
7037:
4754:
4556:
4439:
4275:
3886:
3064:
2985:
1617:
1586:
1136:
1063:
919:
899:
173:
3843:
409:
A group of peacocks is called an "ostentation" or a "muster".
8757:
8600:
8444:
8287:
8085:
7768:
7187:
7121:
3943:
2366:
1139:, kill Argus through eternal sleep and free Io. According to
1081:
1052:
891:
433:
3454:
The Facts on File Encyclopedia of World Mythology and Legend
3208:
Holy Lalish, 2008 (Ezidian temple Lalish in Iraqi Kurdistan)
3119:"Part I: The One God - Malak-Tāwūs: The Leader of the Triad"
2800:"The history and doctrine of Budhism, popularly illustrated"
2779:
2089:"Age-advertisement and the evolution of the peacock's train"
1784:"The long-running mystery of why birds seemingly change sex"
1499:
Hybrids between Indian peafowl and Green peafowl are called
6948:
3898:
3377:
2761:"Why does Lord Krishna wear a peacock feather on his head?"
2405:
2050:"Peahens do not prefer peacocks with more elaborate trains"
1755:
Morgan, T. H. (July 1942). "Sex inversion in the peafowl".
1609:
1140:
1132:
1105:
193:
2966:
2964:
1510:
Occasionally, peafowl appear with white plumage. Although
760:
territorial fights with some other members of their kind.
2814:"Indian Peacock: A Symbol of Grace, Joy, Beauty and Love"
1201:
857:
and small mammals. Indian peafowl also eat small snakes.
19:"Peacock" redirects here. For the streaming service, see
1135:'s interest in her. Zeus had the messenger of the gods,
848:. Wild peafowl look for their food scratching around in
508:
445:
A female peafowl, or peahen, walking freely around a zoo
3107:
2961:
1131:. Hera had transformed Io into a cow after learning of
1047:, before the creation of this world, God created seven
928:
2179:
Male Peacock's Feather Fails to Impress Females: Study
1123:
One myth states that Hera's servant, the hundred-eyed
1011:, this idea appears to have merit. The Buddhist deity
3516:"An early Christian fresco from Štrbinci near Đakovo"
2197:
1359:
Peacock sculpture at Golingeshwara temple complex in
1278:. A peacock is sitting on the roof above the praying
4248:
1729:
The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
1302:, wrongly suggesting that the peacock's plumage was
590:
305:
A peacock spreading his tail, displaying his plumage
2947:"مەھدى حەسەن:جەژنا سەر سالێ دمیتۆلۆژیا ئێزدیان دا"
1637:, regarding occasions and preparation of the bird:
999:, the peacock is the third animal of the zodiac of
574:
The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex
538:, based on regular, periodic nanostructures of the
460:
Video analysis of the mechanisms behind the display
320:is a common name for two bird species of the genus
3650:
3391:
2619:Johnsingh, A. J. T. (1976). "Peacocks and cobra".
1661:
3349:"Aelian, De Natura Animalium, book 16, chapter 2"
3319:"Aelian, De Natura Animalium, book 5, chapter 21"
3169:
3113:
2970:
2867:
1368:
705:
8920:
3551:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 21.
2441:Dakin, Roslyn; Montgomerie, Robert (June 2013).
2440:
2275:. University of California Press; Berkeley, CA.
1573:A peacock served in full plumage (detail of the
1491:Japanese woodblock print of a white peacock, by
1127:, was instructed to guard the woman-turned-cow,
2522:
3800:
2785:
2561:
726:
577:that peafowl plumage may have evolved through
6929:
3859:
3653:The New York Times Encyclopedia of Television
3446:
3444:
2621:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
2024:. Tbilisi, Georgia: Logos. pp. 192–196.
1781:
326:and one species of the closely related genus
3712:https://doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v143i1.2023.a7
3708:Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
3684:"On the black-shouldered peafowl of Latham (
3389:
3204:
3048:
2043:
2041:
2021:Why do People Sing? Music in Human Evolution
1953:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2294:"Mate selection—A selection for a handicap"
1815:"Coloration strategies in peacock feathers"
6936:
6922:
3866:
3852:
3681:
3509:
3507:
3450:
3441:
2150:"A New Look at Darwinian Sexual Selection"
1240:are used to highlight the dragon's scales.
1188:, and on which European painters focused.
1043:, is symbolized with a peacock. In Yazidi
914:, and is also depicted around the goddess
129:
7506:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
4703:
3918:
3600:https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110500222328
3076:
2909:. Göttingen: Göttingen University Press.
2618:
2499:
2458:
2320:
2104:
2038:
1938:
1905:
1856:
1838:
1463:Learn how and when to remove this message
268:included but traditionally excluded taxa
5166:
4217:
3980:
3205:Pirbari, Dimitri; Grigoriev, Stanislav.
3061:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion
2017:
1967:
1812:
1568:
1524:
1486:
1474:
1095:
877:
868:
817:
739:
709:
665:
613:
463:
448:
440:
432:
424:
416:
351:The two Asiatic species are the blue or
344:, and female peafowl are referred to as
308:
300:
5497:
4178:
3783:The English and Australian Cookery Book
3513:
3504:
3477:
3420:
3400:. Oxford University Press. p. 61.
3054:
2843:"Sembolîzma teyran di Êzîdîtiyê de (1)"
2086:
1634:The English and Australian Cookery Book
984:The peacock is represented in both the
752:. In common with other members of the
8921:
6943:
3779:
3722:
3544:
3291:
3078:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.254
3055:Allison, Christine (25 January 2017).
2735:Murugan Bhakti: The Skanda Kumāra site
2291:
2232:
2141:
2127:Caldwell, Roy, and Jennifer Collins. "
1754:
1722:
1659:
1055:or heft sirr ("the Seven Mysteries").
7554:
7553:
6917:
5496:
5165:
3917:
3847:
3761:from the original on 13 December 2011
3648:
3423:Journal of the History of Collections
3390:Murray, Peter; Murray, Linda (2004).
3236:
3232:
3230:
2902:
2849:from the original on 24 February 2021
2837:
2835:
2820:from the original on 26 December 2016
2802:. Ackermann – via Google Books.
2797:
2722:
2434:
1769:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105182
1236:, late 17th century. Peacock feather
1180:The peacock motif was revived in the
1100:A peacock walking freely around a zoo
509:Iridescence and structural coloration
8254:5ef59b86-b1e8-4831-a7d6-6d6ca540ee47
7787:0C670453-1A8D-4657-BCBA-D9428F0AB835
7774:145D9364-6815-2F86-3F5F-D3EACC8265F9
7735:7f60ea6a-bc31-4591-809b-415be338d998
3941:
3571:
3243:. pp. 61–67, 207–208, 264–265.
2753:
2741:from the original on 9 February 2014
2679:
2653:
1879:
1782:Inglis-Arkell, Esther (7 May 2013).
1575:Allegory of Taste, Hearing and Touch
1401:adding citations to reliable sources
1372:
714:Eyespot on a peacock's train feather
3215:from the original on 9 January 2022
3176:. Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 26.
2480:The Journal of Experimental Biology
2373:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
2265:
1232:Roundel with dragon design. China,
894:and significant in its culture. In
886:with his wives on his peacock mount
658:in southern England. The number of
563:
13:
3794:
3618:from the original on 29 March 2017
3398:Oxford Dictionary of Christian Art
3359:from the original on 6 August 2020
3227:
3095:from the original on 11 March 2019
2861:
2832:
2156:. Heron Publishing. Archived from
2106:10.1046/j.1420-9101.1989.2050379.x
1999:from the original on 26 March 2023
1961:
1736:from the original on 29 April 2023
1694:San Diego Zoo Animals & Plants
1184:iconography that unified Hera and
1160:angels with peacock feather wings
765:
375:, which they display as part of a
14:
8955:
3825:
3807:Chandragupta Maurya and His Times
3735:from the original on 27 July 2021
2731:"Muruga – The Ever-Merciful Lord"
2728:
2188:. The Indian News. 27 March 2008.
2087:Manning, J. T. (September 1989).
1794:from the original on 19 July 2020
1704:from the original on 5 March 2021
1091:
922:, Kartikeya split the demon king
873:
591:Aposematism and natural selection
7083:
3831:
3723:Gillis, Francesca (4 May 2020).
3480:Armenia Through the Lens of Time
3329:from the original on 4 June 2021
3273:from the original on 29 May 2023
2549:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2005.01091.x
1880:Blau, Steven K. (January 2004).
1529:Black-shouldered Indian peafowl
1377:
1352:
1340:Syrian bowl with peacock motif,
1333:
1310:
1287:
1264:
1245:
1225:
1209:
800:Problems playing this file? See
784:
603:
150:
46:
6906:185 living species in 32 genera
3873:
3773:
3747:
3716:
3700:
3675:
3642:
3630:
3604:
3592:
3565:
3538:
3471:
3451:Mercatante, Anthony S. (1988).
3414:
3383:
3371:
3341:
3311:
3285:
3198:
3163:
2939:
2896:
2806:
2791:
2705:
2665:San Francisco Zoo & Gardens
2631:
2612:
2590:
2555:
2516:
2467:
2399:
2360:
2285:
2226:
2191:
2172:
2129:When Sexual Selection Runs Away
2121:
2093:Journal of Evolutionary Biology
2011:
1553:) (or even a separate species (
1388:needs additional citations for
1317:Common peafowl, by John Gould,
1191:
1146:
382:The functions of the elaborate
7235:The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck
5781:Bronze-tailed peacock-pheasant
3757:. Medieval-Recipes.com. 2010.
3457:. Facts on File. p. 518.
3305:Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana
3240:The Role of Nature in Yezidism
3117:; Arakelova, Victoria (2014).
2798:Upham, Edward (20 June 2018).
2301:Journal of Theoretical Biology
1914:
1873:
1806:
1775:
1748:
1716:
1682:
1653:
1369:Breeding and colour variations
1175:
1029:
706:Plumage colours as attractants
412:
1:
7511:Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust
4636:Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
3545:Miller, Patricia Cox (2018).
2420:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.07.021
2212:10.1016/S0003-3472(05)80484-1
2066:10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.10.004
1646:
1564:
1539:Naturalis Biodiversity Center
1341:
1318:
1272:Annunciation with St. Emidius
977:seat of power was called the
5652:Chestnut-necklaced partridge
3237:Aysif, Rezan Shivan (2021).
2903:Aysif, Rezan Shivan (2021).
2331:10.1016/0022-5193(75)90111-3
2251:10.1016/0003-3472(92)90072-H
1616:. However, the more wealthy
1069:
898:, the Indian peacock is the
735:
558:
549:
7:
7247:Jonathan Livingston Seagull
7199:The Conference of the Birds
5311:Chestnut-breasted partridge
4106:Szechenyi's monal-partridge
3578:. John Murray. p. 38.
2639:"What Is a Peacock's Diet?"
2147:
1533:from private collection of
1088:is described as a peacock.
1034:
727:Redundant signal hypothesis
21:Peacock (streaming service)
10:
8960:
8476:green-peafowl-pavo-muticus
7529:Human–dinosaur coexistence
7228:A History of British Birds
7034:In mythology and religion
5801:Germain's peacock-pheasant
5461:Chestnut-bellied partridge
4664:Attwater's prairie chicken
4096:Verreaux's monal-partridge
3170:Omarkhali, Khanna (2017).
2868:Omarkhali, Khanna (2017).
1744:– via Gutenberg.org.
1218:Mingachevir Church Complex
1163:
910:, and the warrior goddess
607:
512:
18:
8642:
8329:
7944:
7797:
7562:
7534:Category:Birds and humans
7521:
7461:Henry Constantine Richter
7403:
7365:
7135:
7092:
7081:
6955:
6904:
6637:
6612:
6557:
6472:
6407:
6382:
6327:
6292:
6227:
6217:
6128:
6083:
6038:
5993:
5968:
5913:
5880:Mountain bamboo partridge
5868:
5858:
5811:Mountain peacock-pheasant
5759:
5714:
5689:
5679:
5640:
5605:
5580:
5555:
5520:
5510:
5506:
5492:
5361:Chestnut-headed partridge
5331:Rufous-throated partridge
5321:White-necklaced partridge
5281:
5258:
5235:
5212:
5199:Udzungwa forest partridge
5179:
5175:
5161:
5012:
4957:
4932:
4897:
4862:
4797:
4752:
4742:
4693:
4614:
4579:
4554:
4519:
4484:
4471:Black-billed capercaillie
4437:
4380:
4345:
4320:
4283:
4269:
4207:
4168:
4119:
4084:
4019:
4009:
3970:
3931:
3927:
3913:
3881:
3520:Hortus Artium Medievalium
3488:10.1163/9789004527607_003
2576:10.1163/1568539X-00003037
2385:10.1007/s00265-005-0958-y
1541:, Leiden, the Netherlands
1200:for American broadcaster
1077:The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa
1024:national symbols of India
890:The peafowl is native to
363:from Southeast Asia. The
272:
264:
244:
239:
147:Scientific classification
145:
137:
128:
34:
16:Group of large game birds
7146:Bird-and-flower painting
6105:White-throated francolin
5890:Chinese bamboo partridge
5841:Bornean peacock-pheasant
5831:Malayan peacock-pheasant
5791:Palawan peacock-pheasant
5701:Crimson-headed partridge
5532:Vietnamese crested argus
4309:C. canadensis franklinii
3729:Classics Honors Projects
3514:Migotti, Branka (1997).
2134:29 November 2014 at the
1608:) consuming more common
1545:The black-shouldered or
1298:and Richard Meryman for
544:Fabry–Pérot interference
25:Peacock (disambiguation)
6799:Double-spurred spurfowl
6679:Chestnut-naped spurfowl
6659:Mount Cameroon spurfowl
5900:Taiwan bamboo partridge
5821:Hainan peacock-pheasant
5471:Grey-breasted partridge
5411:Orange-necked partridge
5391:White-cheeked partridge
5189:Rubeho forest partridge
4874:Lady Amherst's pheasant
4648:Greater prairie chicken
4459:Cantabrian capercaillie
3810:. Motilal Banarsidass.
3780:Abbott, Edward (1864).
3693:Proc. Zool. Soc. London
3657:. Times Books. p.
3069:Oxford University Press
3002:10.1163/157338403X00015
2184:27 October 2014 at the
1840:10.1073/pnas.2133313100
1535:Coenraad Jacob Temminck
813:
656:Whipsnade Wildlife Park
404:acted as honest signals
7501:BirdLife International
7441:John Gerrard Keulemans
7393:of the Tower of London
7254:In theatre and ballet
7063:Driven grouse shooting
6869:Grey-breasted spurfowl
6859:Yellow-necked spurfowl
6789:Hildebrandt's spurfowl
6689:Black-fronted spurfowl
6494:Przevalski's partridge
6190:Orange River francolin
5662:Green-legged partridge
5421:Red-breasted partridge
4989:Tibetan eared pheasant
4676:Lesser prairie chicken
4424:White-tailed ptarmigan
3836:Quotations related to
3532:10.1484/J.HAM.2.305110
2292:Zahavi, Amotz (1975).
2271:Zuk, Marlene. (2002).
1664:An Exaltation of Larks
1660:Lipton, James (1991).
1644:
1582:
1579:Jan Brueghel the Elder
1542:
1496:
1484:
1101:
967:Lion Capital of Ashoka
887:
829:
770:
745:
715:
694:selection by females.
671:
637:linkage disequilibrium
619:
588:
519:Structural colouration
469:
461:
446:
438:
430:
422:
314:
306:
23:. For other uses, see
8888:Paleobiology Database
8588:Paleobiology Database
8275:Paleobiology Database
7929:Paleobiology Database
7756:Paleobiology Database
6829:Clapperton's spurfowl
6739:Grey-striped spurfowl
6180:Grey-winged francolin
6140:Ring-necked francolin
5935:Sri Lankan junglefowl
5771:Grey peacock-pheasant
5542:Malayan crested argus
5222:Ferruginous partridge
5104:Hoogerwerf's pheasant
4715:Long-billed partridge
3614:. Jewish Folk Songs.
3482:. Brill. p. 28.
3353:www.perseus.tufts.edu
3323:www.perseus.tufts.edu
3249:10.17875/gup2021-1855
3139:10.4324/9781315728896
3127:Abingdon, Oxfordshire
2977:Iran and the Caucasus
2915:10.17875/gup2021-1855
2460:10.1093/beheco/art045
1940:10.1093/beheco/arm088
1639:
1572:
1537:(1778–1858), held at
1528:
1490:
1478:
1112:. Alexander's tutor,
1099:
941:, the founder of the
881:
869:Cultural significance
821:
769:
743:
713:
669:
617:
583:
529:structural coloration
513:Further information:
467:
459:
444:
437:Head of adult peacock
436:
428:
420:
367:, native only to the
312:
304:
141:displaying his train
7419:The Birds of America
7205:Ode to a Nightingale
6719:Swierstra's spurfowl
6630:) (possibly extinct)
6544:Red-legged partridge
6394:Madagascar partridge
6150:Red-winged francolin
6115:Schlegel's francolin
5401:Bar-backed partridge
5341:Red-billed partridge
5094:Salvadori's pheasant
4999:Brown eared pheasant
4979:White eared pheasant
4819:Mrs. Hume's pheasant
4449:Western capercaillie
3636:Seznec, Jean (1953)
3612:"The Golden Peacock"
3572:Hall, James (1994).
1622:ostentatious display
1397:improve this article
1220:(4th-7th century AD)
918:. During a war with
472:The Indian peacock (
402:that these features
355:originally from the
8944:Paraphyletic groups
7456:Roger Tory Peterson
6879:Red-necked spurfowl
6849:Swainson's spurfowl
6759:Red-billed spurfowl
6649:Hartlaub's spurfowl
6349:Snow Mountain quail
6200:Shelley's francolin
5064:Vietnamese pheasant
4969:Blue eared pheasant
4626:Sharp-tailed grouse
4591:Greater sage-grouse
4071:Temminck's tragopan
3710:, 143(1): 111–121.
3682:Sclater PL (1860).
3649:Brown, Les (1977).
3435:10.1093/jhc/fhab009
3115:Asatrian, Garnik S.
2972:Asatrian, Garnik S.
2786:R. K. Mookerji 1966
2691:Fodors Travel Guide
2602:National Geographic
2541:2005Ethol.111..810L
2313:1975JThBi..53..205Z
2233:Petrie, M. (1992).
2160:on 8 September 2014
1898:2004PhT....57a..18B
1831:2003PNAS..10012576Z
1825:(22): 12576–12578.
1757:Journal of Heredity
939:Chandragupta Maurya
468:Peacock from behind
357:Indian subcontinent
8906:Afropavo-congensis
8701:afropavo-congensis
8688:Afropavo_congensis
8674:Afropavo congensis
8644:Afropavo congensis
7471:Archibald Thorburn
7414:John James Audubon
6839:Harwood's spurfowl
6819:Heuglin's spurfowl
6749:Jackson's spurfowl
6599:Manipur bush quail
6589:Painted bush quail
6524:Philby's partridge
6259:Himalayan snowcock
6239:Caucasian snowcock
6170:Moorland francolin
6160:Finsch's francolin
5980:Latham's francolin
5845:P. schleiermacheri
5746:Sri Lanka spurfowl
5451:Sumatran partridge
5136:Swinhoe's pheasant
5058:L. erythrophthalma
5054:Crestless fireback
4252:Californian turkey
2765:The Times of India
2492:10.1242/jeb.087338
2447:Behavioral Ecology
2348:on 26 January 2016
1971:(September 2021).
1927:Behavioral Ecology
1583:
1543:
1497:
1495:(小原 古邨), 1925–1936
1485:
1347:. Brooklyn Museum.
1300:Thayer's 1909 book
1257:Merab Abramishvili
1102:
957:and defeating the
888:
830:
771:
746:
716:
676:handicap principle
672:
620:
496:Afropavo congensis
470:
462:
447:
439:
431:
423:
400:handicap principle
315:
307:
8939:Bird common names
8916:
8915:
8875:Open Tree of Life
8575:Open Tree of Life
7743:Open Tree of Life
7556:Taxon identifiers
7547:
7546:
7482:Conservationists
7451:Richard Lewington
7241:The Ugly Duckling
7058:Cormorant fishing
6985:Bird conservation
6911:
6910:
6900:
6899:
6896:
6895:
6892:
6891:
6823:P. icterorhynchus
6743:P. griseostriatus
6709:Djibouti spurfowl
6699:Erckel's spurfowl
6683:P. castaneicollis
6669:Handsome spurfowl
6593:P. erythrorhyncha
6569:Jungle bush quail
6534:Barbary partridge
6484:Arabian partridge
6304:See-see partridge
6213:
6212:
6070:Chinese francolin
6060:Painted francolin
6005:Crested francolin
5854:
5853:
5675:
5674:
5488:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5431:Malayan partridge
5351:Siamese partridge
5301:Sichuan partridge
5245:Crested partridge
5157:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5108:L. i. hoogerwerfi
5084:Imperial pheasant
5044:Edward's pheasant
5024:Bulwer's pheasant
4809:Elliot's pheasant
4784:Tibetan partridge
4774:Daurian partridge
4738:
4737:
4689:
4688:
4680:T. pallidicinctus
4640:T. p. columbianus
4463:T. u. cantabricus
4305:Franklin's grouse
4265:
4264:
4203:
4202:
4164:
4163:
4055:T. melanocephalus
4005:
4004:
3966:
3965:
3817:978-81-208-0405-0
3668:978-0-8129-0721-6
3558:978-0-8122-5035-0
3497:978-90-04-52760-7
3393:"Birds, symbolic"
3258:978-3-86395-514-4
3183:978-3-447-10856-0
3148:978-1-84465-761-2
3133:. pp. 1–28.
2924:978-3-86395-514-4
2881:978-3-447-10856-0
2693:. 20 October 2021
2667:. 16 October 2021
2486:(16): 3035–3046.
2031:978-9941-401-86-2
1907:10.1063/1.1650059
1675:978-0-670-30044-0
1551:P. c. nigripennis
1473:
1472:
1465:
1447:
1118:Claudius Aelianus
969:, as well in his
965:, as seen in the
822:A green peafowl (
790:
720:eyespots (ocelli)
641:positive feedback
536:Bragg reflections
457:
394:. More recently,
332:within the tribe
299:
298:
123:
122:
8951:
8909:
8908:
8896:
8895:
8883:
8882:
8870:
8869:
8857:
8856:
8844:
8843:
8831:
8830:
8818:
8817:
8805:
8804:
8792:
8791:
8779:
8778:
8766:
8765:
8753:
8752:
8740:
8739:
8730:
8729:
8717:
8716:
8714:E9125492E257513A
8704:
8703:
8691:
8690:
8678:
8677:
8676:
8663:
8662:
8661:
8635:
8634:
8622:
8621:
8609:
8608:
8596:
8595:
8583:
8582:
8570:
8569:
8557:
8556:
8544:
8543:
8541:NHMSYS0020789024
8531:
8530:
8518:
8517:
8505:
8504:
8492:
8491:
8479:
8478:
8466:
8465:
8453:
8452:
8440:
8439:
8427:
8426:
8417:
8416:
8404:
8403:
8401:990B91710EE7388F
8391:
8390:
8378:
8377:
8365:
8364:
8363:
8350:
8349:
8348:
8322:
8321:
8309:
8308:
8296:
8295:
8283:
8282:
8270:
8269:
8257:
8256:
8247:
8246:
8237:
8236:
8224:
8223:
8211:
8210:
8208:NHMSYS0001689593
8198:
8197:
8185:
8184:
8172:
8171:
8159:
8158:
8146:
8145:
8133:
8132:
8120:
8119:
8107:
8106:
8094:
8093:
8081:
8080:
8068:
8067:
8058:
8057:
8045:
8044:
8032:
8031:
8029:A8C34DC9655204ED
8019:
8018:
8006:
8005:
7993:
7992:
7980:
7979:
7978:
7965:
7964:
7963:
7937:
7936:
7924:
7923:
7911:
7910:
7898:
7897:
7885:
7884:
7872:
7871:
7859:
7858:
7846:
7845:
7833:
7832:
7831:
7818:
7817:
7816:
7790:
7789:
7777:
7776:
7764:
7763:
7751:
7750:
7738:
7737:
7728:
7727:
7715:
7714:
7712:NHMSYS0020930354
7702:
7701:
7689:
7688:
7676:
7675:
7663:
7662:
7650:
7649:
7637:
7636:
7624:
7623:
7611:
7610:
7598:
7597:
7596:
7583:
7582:
7581:
7551:
7550:
7087:
6938:
6931:
6924:
6915:
6914:
6514:Chukar partridge
6488:A. melanocephala
6423:C. coromandelica
6308:A. griseogularis
6269:Tibetan snowcock
6249:Caspian snowcock
6225:
6224:
6019:O. pondicerianus
5955:Green junglefowl
5866:
5865:
5736:Painted spurfowl
5687:
5686:
5518:
5517:
5508:
5507:
5494:
5493:
5441:Roll's partridge
5405:A. brunneopectus
5381:Taiwan partridge
5371:Hainan partridge
5345:A.a rubrirostris
5177:
5176:
5163:
5162:
5074:Crested fireback
5034:Siamese fireback
4948:Catreus wallichi
4849:Reeve's pheasant
4750:
4749:
4701:
4700:
4510:L. mlokosiewiczi
4506:Caucasian grouse
4392:Willow ptarmigan
4281:
4280:
4250:
4239:Ocellated turkey
4215:
4214:
4190:Koklass pheasant
4176:
4175:
4051:Western tragopan
4041:Cabot's tragopan
4031:Blyth's tragopan
4017:
4016:
3978:
3977:
3939:
3938:
3929:
3928:
3915:
3914:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3845:
3844:
3835:
3821:
3788:
3787:
3777:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3720:
3714:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3686:Pavo nigripennis
3679:
3673:
3672:
3656:
3646:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3608:
3602:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3511:
3502:
3501:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3448:
3439:
3438:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3395:
3387:
3381:
3375:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3293:Drower, Ethel S.
3289:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3234:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3080:
3052:
3046:
3045:
2990:Brill Publishers
2968:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2874:. Harrassowitz.
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2854:
2839:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2726:
2720:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2661:"Indian Peafowl"
2657:
2651:
2650:
2645:. Archived from
2635:
2629:
2628:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2608:on 2 March 2010.
2604:. Archived from
2594:
2588:
2587:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2503:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2453:(5): 1048–1057.
2438:
2432:
2431:
2408:Animal Behaviour
2403:
2397:
2396:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2347:
2341:. Archived from
2324:
2298:
2289:
2283:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2239:Animal Behaviour
2230:
2224:
2223:
2200:Animal Behaviour
2195:
2189:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2145:
2139:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2108:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2060:(4): 1209–1219.
2054:Animal Behaviour
2045:
2036:
2035:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2004:
1977:Academia Letters
1969:Jordania, Joseph
1965:
1959:
1958:
1952:
1944:
1942:
1933:(6): 1123–1131.
1918:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1860:
1842:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1667:
1657:
1468:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1448:
1446:
1405:
1381:
1373:
1356:
1346:
1343:
1337:
1323:
1320:
1314:
1291:
1268:
1249:
1229:
1213:
1045:creation stories
997:Sinhalese people
792:
791:
768:
684:honest indicator
579:sexual selection
564:Sexual selection
458:
398:proposed in his
392:sexual selection
240:Groups included
155:
154:
133:
116:
115:
45:
38:Temporal range:
37:
32:
31:
8959:
8958:
8954:
8953:
8952:
8950:
8949:
8948:
8919:
8918:
8917:
8912:
8904:
8899:
8891:
8886:
8878:
8873:
8865:
8862:Observation.org
8860:
8852:
8847:
8839:
8834:
8826:
8821:
8813:
8808:
8800:
8795:
8787:
8782:
8774:
8769:
8761:
8756:
8748:
8743:
8735:
8733:
8725:
8720:
8712:
8707:
8699:
8694:
8686:
8681:
8672:
8671:
8666:
8657:
8656:
8651:
8638:
8630:
8625:
8617:
8612:
8604:
8599:
8591:
8586:
8578:
8573:
8565:
8562:Observation.org
8560:
8552:
8547:
8539:
8534:
8526:
8521:
8513:
8508:
8500:
8495:
8487:
8482:
8474:
8469:
8461:
8456:
8448:
8443:
8435:
8430:
8422:
8420:
8412:
8407:
8399:
8394:
8386:
8381:
8373:
8368:
8359:
8358:
8353:
8344:
8343:
8338:
8325:
8317:
8312:
8304:
8299:
8291:
8286:
8278:
8273:
8265:
8262:Observation.org
8260:
8252:
8250:
8242:
8240:
8232:
8227:
8219:
8214:
8206:
8201:
8193:
8188:
8180:
8175:
8167:
8162:
8154:
8149:
8141:
8136:
8128:
8123:
8115:
8110:
8102:
8097:
8089:
8084:
8076:
8071:
8063:
8061:
8053:
8048:
8040:
8035:
8027:
8022:
8014:
8009:
8001:
7996:
7988:
7983:
7974:
7973:
7968:
7959:
7958:
7953:
7940:
7932:
7927:
7919:
7914:
7906:
7901:
7893:
7888:
7880:
7875:
7867:
7862:
7854:
7849:
7841:
7836:
7827:
7826:
7821:
7812:
7811:
7806:
7793:
7785:
7780:
7772:
7767:
7759:
7754:
7746:
7741:
7733:
7731:
7723:
7718:
7710:
7705:
7697:
7692:
7684:
7679:
7671:
7666:
7658:
7653:
7645:
7640:
7632:
7627:
7619:
7614:
7606:
7601:
7592:
7591:
7586:
7577:
7576:
7571:
7558:
7548:
7543:
7517:
7399:
7361:
7131:
7088:
7079:
6951:
6942:
6912:
6907:
6888:
6803:P. bicalcaratus
6793:P. hildebrandti
6729:Ahanta spurfowl
6663:P. camerunensis
6633:
6628:O. superciliosa
6624:Himalayan quail
6608:
6603:P. manipurensis
6579:Rock bush quail
6553:
6468:
6429:Harlequin quail
6403:
6398:M. madagarensis
6378:
6343:S. ypsilophorus
6323:
6288:
6263:T. himalayensis
6209:
6154:S. levaillantii
6144:S. streptophora
6124:
6095:Coqui francolin
6079:
6050:Black francolin
6034:
6025:Swamp francolin
5989:
5964:
5945:Grey junglefowl
5909:
5850:
5775:P. bicalcaratum
5755:
5710:
5705:H. sanguiniceps
5682:Polyplectronini
5671:
5636:
5601:
5576:
5551:
5502:
5480:
5385:A. crudigularis
5277:
5268:Black partridge
5254:
5231:
5208:
5203:X. udzungwensis
5171:
5145:
5126:Silver pheasant
5120:L. leucomelanos
5008:
4983:C. crossoptilon
4953:
4928:
4909:Common pheasant
4893:
4884:Golden pheasant
4858:
4843:S. soemmerringi
4839:Copper pheasant
4829:Mikado pheasant
4793:
4734:
4725:Dulit partridge
4719:R. longirostris
4685:
4668:T. c. attwateri
4630:T. phasianellus
4610:
4601:Gunnison grouse
4595:C. urophasianus
4575:
4550:
4515:
4480:
4475:T. urogalloides
4433:
4376:
4341:
4332:Siberian grouse
4316:
4274:
4261:
4199:
4160:
4141:Sclater's monal
4131:Himalayan monal
4115:
4080:
4001:
3962:
3923:
3909:
3877:
3872:
3828:
3818:
3797:
3795:Further reading
3792:
3791:
3778:
3774:
3764:
3762:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3738:
3736:
3721:
3717:
3705:
3701:
3680:
3676:
3669:
3647:
3643:
3635:
3631:
3621:
3619:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3597:
3593:
3586:
3570:
3566:
3559:
3543:
3539:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3476:
3472:
3465:
3449:
3442:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3388:
3384:
3376:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3332:
3330:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3290:
3286:
3276:
3274:
3259:
3235:
3228:
3218:
3216:
3211:. p. 183.
3203:
3199:
3184:
3168:
3164:
3149:
3112:
3108:
3098:
3096:
3089:
3053:
3049:
2969:
2962:
2952:
2950:
2949:. 13 April 2021
2945:
2944:
2940:
2925:
2901:
2897:
2882:
2866:
2862:
2852:
2850:
2841:
2840:
2833:
2823:
2821:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2796:
2792:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2744:
2742:
2727:
2723:
2710:
2706:
2696:
2694:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2670:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2649:on 11 May 2014.
2637:
2636:
2632:
2617:
2613:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2560:
2556:
2521:
2517:
2472:
2468:
2439:
2435:
2404:
2400:
2365:
2361:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2322:10.1.1.586.3819
2296:
2290:
2286:
2270:
2266:
2231:
2227:
2196:
2192:
2186:Wayback Machine
2177:
2173:
2163:
2161:
2148:Jacobs, Merle.
2146:
2142:
2136:Wayback Machine
2126:
2122:
2085:
2081:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2016:
2012:
2002:
2000:
1985:10.20935/AL3534
1966:
1962:
1946:
1945:
1919:
1915:
1878:
1874:
1811:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1780:
1776:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1724:Darwin, Charles
1721:
1717:
1707:
1705:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1676:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1624:as much as for
1591:Gaius Petronius
1567:
1469:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1406:
1404:
1394:
1382:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1329:
1326:Brooklyn Museum
1321:
1315:
1306:
1292:
1283:
1269:
1260:
1250:
1241:
1230:
1221:
1214:
1194:
1178:
1166:
1149:
1094:
1080:, the Mandaean
1072:
1041:Yazidi religion
1037:
1032:
959:Seleucid Empire
876:
871:
816:
807:
806:
798:
796:
795:
794:
793:
785:
782:
772:
766:
744:Peacock sitting
738:
729:
708:
612:
606:
593:
566:
561:
552:
521:
511:
449:
415:
373:covert feathers
149:
124:
114:
113:
112:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
40:
39:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8957:
8947:
8946:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8914:
8913:
8911:
8910:
8897:
8884:
8871:
8858:
8845:
8832:
8819:
8806:
8793:
8780:
8767:
8754:
8741:
8731:
8718:
8705:
8692:
8679:
8664:
8648:
8646:
8640:
8639:
8637:
8636:
8623:
8610:
8597:
8584:
8571:
8558:
8545:
8532:
8519:
8506:
8493:
8480:
8467:
8454:
8441:
8428:
8418:
8405:
8392:
8379:
8366:
8351:
8335:
8333:
8327:
8326:
8324:
8323:
8319:Pavo-cristatus
8310:
8297:
8284:
8271:
8258:
8248:
8238:
8225:
8212:
8199:
8186:
8173:
8160:
8147:
8134:
8121:
8108:
8095:
8082:
8069:
8059:
8046:
8033:
8020:
8016:pavo-cristatus
8007:
8003:Pavo_cristatus
7994:
7990:Pavo_cristatus
7981:
7976:Pavo cristatus
7966:
7950:
7948:
7946:Pavo cristatus
7942:
7941:
7939:
7938:
7925:
7912:
7899:
7886:
7873:
7860:
7847:
7834:
7819:
7803:
7801:
7795:
7794:
7792:
7791:
7778:
7765:
7752:
7739:
7729:
7716:
7703:
7690:
7677:
7664:
7651:
7638:
7625:
7612:
7599:
7584:
7568:
7566:
7560:
7559:
7545:
7544:
7542:
7541:
7536:
7531:
7525:
7523:
7519:
7518:
7516:
7515:
7514:
7513:
7508:
7503:
7497:Organisations
7495:
7494:
7493:
7488:
7480:
7479:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7407:
7405:
7401:
7400:
7398:
7397:
7396:
7395:
7385:
7380:
7375:
7369:
7367:
7363:
7362:
7360:
7359:
7358:
7357:
7352:
7344:
7343:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7324:
7319:
7318:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7305:Animated films
7302:
7295:
7288:
7278:
7277:
7276:
7269:
7262:
7252:
7251:
7250:
7243:
7238:
7231:
7221:
7220:
7219:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7192:
7191:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7178:Gallic rooster
7175:
7170:
7165:
7155:
7154:
7153:
7151:Feather tights
7148:
7139:
7137:
7133:
7132:
7130:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7098:
7096:
7090:
7089:
7082:
7080:
7078:
7077:
7076:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7052:
7051:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7032:
7031:
7030:
7025:
7023:Model organism
7017:
7016:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6981:
6980:
6975:
6965:
6959:
6957:
6953:
6952:
6941:
6940:
6933:
6926:
6918:
6909:
6908:
6905:
6902:
6901:
6898:
6897:
6894:
6893:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6886:
6876:
6866:
6863:P. leucoscepus
6856:
6846:
6836:
6833:P. clappertoni
6826:
6816:
6809:Scaly spurfowl
6806:
6796:
6786:
6779:Natal spurfowl
6776:
6766:
6756:
6746:
6736:
6726:
6716:
6713:P. ochropectus
6706:
6696:
6686:
6676:
6666:
6656:
6645:
6643:
6635:
6634:
6632:
6631:
6620:
6618:
6610:
6609:
6607:
6606:
6596:
6586:
6576:
6565:
6563:
6555:
6554:
6552:
6551:
6541:
6531:
6521:
6511:
6504:Rock partridge
6501:
6491:
6480:
6478:
6470:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6456:
6449:Japanese quail
6446:
6436:
6433:C. delegorguei
6426:
6415:
6413:
6405:
6404:
6402:
6401:
6390:
6388:
6380:
6379:
6377:
6376:
6366:
6356:
6353:S. monorthonyx
6346:
6335:
6333:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6321:
6314:Sand partridge
6311:
6300:
6298:
6290:
6289:
6287:
6286:
6279:Altai snowcock
6276:
6266:
6256:
6246:
6235:
6233:
6222:
6215:
6214:
6211:
6210:
6208:
6207:
6197:
6187:
6177:
6167:
6157:
6147:
6136:
6134:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6122:
6112:
6109:C. albogularis
6102:
6091:
6089:
6081:
6080:
6078:
6077:
6074:F. pintadeanus
6067:
6057:
6054:F. francolinus
6046:
6044:
6036:
6035:
6033:
6032:
6022:
6015:Grey francolin
6012:
6001:
5999:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5987:
5976:
5974:
5966:
5965:
5963:
5962:
5952:
5942:
5932:
5925:Red junglefowl
5921:
5919:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5897:
5887:
5876:
5874:
5863:
5856:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5848:
5838:
5828:
5818:
5808:
5798:
5788:
5778:
5767:
5765:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5753:
5750:G. bicalcarata
5743:
5733:
5722:
5720:
5712:
5711:
5709:
5708:
5697:
5695:
5684:
5677:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5669:
5659:
5648:
5646:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5634:
5624:
5617:Indian peafowl
5613:
5611:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5588:
5586:
5578:
5577:
5575:
5574:
5563:
5561:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5549:
5539:
5528:
5526:
5515:
5504:
5503:
5490:
5489:
5486:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5468:
5458:
5448:
5438:
5428:
5418:
5408:
5398:
5395:A. atrogularis
5388:
5378:
5368:
5358:
5348:
5338:
5335:A. rufogularis
5328:
5318:
5308:
5298:
5291:Hill partridge
5287:
5285:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5275:
5264:
5262:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5252:
5241:
5239:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5218:
5216:
5210:
5209:
5207:
5206:
5196:
5185:
5183:
5173:
5172:
5159:
5158:
5155:
5154:
5151:
5150:
5147:
5146:
5144:
5143:
5133:
5123:
5116:Kalij pheasant
5113:
5112:
5111:
5091:
5081:
5071:
5068:L. hatinhensis
5061:
5051:
5041:
5031:
5020:
5018:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5006:
5003:C.mantchuricum
4996:
4986:
4976:
4965:
4963:
4955:
4954:
4952:
4951:
4944:Cheer pheasant
4940:
4938:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4919:Green pheasant
4916:
4905:
4903:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4891:
4881:
4870:
4868:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4846:
4836:
4826:
4816:
4805:
4803:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4791:
4781:
4771:
4764:Grey partridge
4760:
4758:
4747:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4722:
4711:
4709:
4698:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4673:
4672:
4671:
4661:
4645:
4644:
4643:
4622:
4620:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4598:
4587:
4585:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4562:
4560:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4541:Chinese grouse
4538:
4527:
4525:
4517:
4516:
4514:
4513:
4503:
4492:
4490:
4482:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4468:
4467:
4466:
4445:
4443:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4421:
4414:Rock ptarmigan
4411:
4410:
4409:
4388:
4386:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4371:D. fuliginosus
4364:
4353:
4351:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4336:F. falcipennis
4328:
4326:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4291:
4289:
4278:
4267:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4256:M. californica
4246:
4236:
4225:
4223:
4212:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4186:
4184:
4173:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4148:
4138:
4127:
4125:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4103:
4092:
4090:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4068:
4061:Satyr tragopan
4058:
4048:
4038:
4027:
4025:
4014:
4007:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3992:Blood pheasant
3988:
3986:
3975:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3960:
3953:Snow partridge
3949:
3947:
3936:
3925:
3924:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3901:
3895:
3889:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3871:
3870:
3863:
3856:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3827:
3826:External links
3824:
3823:
3822:
3816:
3802:R. K. Mookerji
3796:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3772:
3755:"Fowl Recipes"
3746:
3715:
3699:
3674:
3667:
3641:
3629:
3603:
3591:
3584:
3564:
3557:
3537:
3503:
3496:
3470:
3463:
3440:
3413:
3406:
3382:
3370:
3340:
3310:
3284:
3257:
3226:
3197:
3182:
3162:
3147:
3106:
3087:
3047:
2960:
2938:
2923:
2895:
2880:
2860:
2845:(in Kurdish).
2831:
2805:
2790:
2778:
2767:. 1 March 2024
2752:
2721:
2717:978-9027976321
2704:
2678:
2652:
2630:
2611:
2589:
2554:
2535:(9): 810–820.
2525:Pavo cristatus
2515:
2466:
2433:
2398:
2379:(6): 552–557.
2369:Pavo cristatus
2359:
2307:(1): 205–214.
2284:
2264:
2225:
2206:(2): 323–331.
2190:
2171:
2154:NaturalSCIENCE
2140:
2120:
2099:(5): 379–384.
2079:
2037:
2030:
2010:
1960:
1913:
1872:
1805:
1774:
1763:(7): 247–248.
1747:
1715:
1681:
1674:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1631:From the 1864
1566:
1563:
1559:Charles Darwin
1555:P. nigripennis
1531:Pavo cristatus
1483:Indian peacock
1471:
1470:
1385:
1383:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1349:
1339:
1332:
1330:
1316:
1309:
1307:
1293:
1286:
1284:
1276:Carlo Crivelli
1270:
1263:
1261:
1251:
1244:
1242:
1231:
1224:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1193:
1190:
1177:
1174:
1170:Ashkenazi Jews
1165:
1162:
1148:
1145:
1125:Argus Panoptes
1093:
1092:Ancient Greece
1090:
1084:and emanation
1071:
1068:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
979:Peacock Throne
943:Mauryan Empire
882:The Hindu god
875:
874:Indian peafowl
872:
870:
867:
815:
812:
797:
783:
778:Pavo cristatus
775:
774:
773:
764:
763:
762:
737:
734:
728:
725:
707:
704:
605:
602:
592:
589:
569:Charles Darwin
565:
562:
560:
557:
551:
548:
510:
507:
481:green peafowls
474:Pavo cristatus
414:
411:
388:Charles Darwin
353:Indian peafowl
336:of the family
297:
296:
295:
294:
287:
280:
270:
269:
262:
261:
260:
259:
252:
242:
241:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
143:
142:
139:Indian peacock
135:
134:
126:
125:
109:
108:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8956:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8934:Birds of Asia
8932:
8930:
8927:
8926:
8924:
8907:
8902:
8898:
8894:
8889:
8885:
8881:
8876:
8872:
8868:
8863:
8859:
8855:
8850:
8846:
8842:
8837:
8833:
8829:
8824:
8820:
8816:
8811:
8807:
8803:
8798:
8794:
8790:
8785:
8781:
8777:
8772:
8768:
8764:
8759:
8755:
8751:
8746:
8742:
8738:
8732:
8728:
8723:
8719:
8715:
8710:
8706:
8702:
8697:
8693:
8689:
8684:
8680:
8675:
8669:
8665:
8660:
8654:
8650:
8649:
8647:
8645:
8641:
8633:
8628:
8624:
8620:
8615:
8611:
8607:
8602:
8598:
8594:
8589:
8585:
8581:
8576:
8572:
8568:
8563:
8559:
8555:
8550:
8546:
8542:
8537:
8533:
8529:
8524:
8520:
8516:
8511:
8507:
8503:
8498:
8494:
8490:
8485:
8481:
8477:
8472:
8468:
8464:
8459:
8455:
8451:
8446:
8442:
8438:
8433:
8429:
8425:
8419:
8415:
8410:
8406:
8402:
8397:
8393:
8389:
8384:
8380:
8376:
8371:
8367:
8362:
8356:
8352:
8347:
8341:
8337:
8336:
8334:
8332:
8328:
8320:
8315:
8311:
8307:
8302:
8298:
8294:
8289:
8285:
8281:
8276:
8272:
8268:
8263:
8259:
8255:
8249:
8245:
8239:
8235:
8230:
8226:
8222:
8217:
8213:
8209:
8204:
8200:
8196:
8191:
8187:
8183:
8178:
8174:
8170:
8165:
8161:
8157:
8152:
8148:
8144:
8139:
8135:
8131:
8126:
8122:
8118:
8113:
8109:
8105:
8100:
8096:
8092:
8087:
8083:
8079:
8074:
8070:
8066:
8060:
8056:
8051:
8047:
8043:
8038:
8034:
8030:
8025:
8021:
8017:
8012:
8008:
8004:
7999:
7995:
7991:
7986:
7982:
7977:
7971:
7967:
7962:
7956:
7952:
7951:
7949:
7947:
7943:
7935:
7930:
7926:
7922:
7917:
7913:
7909:
7904:
7900:
7896:
7891:
7887:
7883:
7878:
7874:
7870:
7865:
7861:
7857:
7852:
7848:
7844:
7839:
7835:
7830:
7824:
7820:
7815:
7809:
7805:
7804:
7802:
7800:
7796:
7788:
7783:
7779:
7775:
7770:
7766:
7762:
7757:
7753:
7749:
7744:
7740:
7736:
7730:
7726:
7721:
7717:
7713:
7708:
7704:
7700:
7695:
7691:
7687:
7682:
7678:
7674:
7669:
7665:
7661:
7656:
7652:
7648:
7643:
7639:
7635:
7630:
7626:
7622:
7617:
7613:
7609:
7604:
7600:
7595:
7589:
7585:
7580:
7574:
7570:
7569:
7567:
7565:
7561:
7557:
7552:
7540:
7539:Zoomusicology
7537:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7526:
7524:
7520:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7498:
7496:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7483:
7481:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7427:
7426:Thomas Bewick
7424:
7421:
7420:
7415:
7412:
7411:
7410:Illustrators
7409:
7408:
7406:
7402:
7394:
7391:
7390:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7368:
7364:
7356:
7355:Chicken dance
7353:
7351:
7348:
7347:
7345:
7341:
7340:Feather cloak
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7327:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7310:Chicken films
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7300:
7296:
7294:
7293:
7289:
7287:
7286:
7282:
7281:
7279:
7275:
7274:
7270:
7268:
7267:
7263:
7261:
7260:
7256:
7255:
7253:
7249:
7248:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7236:
7232:
7230:
7229:
7225:
7224:
7222:
7218:
7217:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7200:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7160:
7159:
7156:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7143:
7141:
7140:
7138:
7134:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7099:
7097:
7095:
7091:
7086:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7068:Plume hunting
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7055:
7053:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7035:
7033:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7020:
7018:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7008:Pigeon racing
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6995:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6970:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6958:
6954:
6950:
6946:
6939:
6934:
6932:
6927:
6925:
6920:
6919:
6916:
6903:
6884:
6880:
6877:
6874:
6873:P. rufopictus
6870:
6867:
6864:
6860:
6857:
6854:
6853:P. swainsonii
6850:
6847:
6844:
6840:
6837:
6834:
6830:
6827:
6824:
6820:
6817:
6814:
6810:
6807:
6804:
6800:
6797:
6794:
6790:
6787:
6784:
6783:P. natalensis
6780:
6777:
6774:
6770:
6769:Cape spurfowl
6767:
6764:
6760:
6757:
6754:
6750:
6747:
6744:
6740:
6737:
6734:
6733:P. ahantensis
6730:
6727:
6724:
6723:P. swierstrai
6720:
6717:
6714:
6710:
6707:
6704:
6700:
6697:
6694:
6690:
6687:
6684:
6680:
6677:
6674:
6670:
6667:
6664:
6660:
6657:
6654:
6650:
6647:
6646:
6644:
6642:
6641:
6636:
6629:
6625:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6617:
6616:
6611:
6604:
6600:
6597:
6594:
6590:
6587:
6584:
6580:
6577:
6574:
6570:
6567:
6566:
6564:
6562:
6561:
6556:
6549:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6535:
6532:
6529:
6525:
6522:
6519:
6515:
6512:
6509:
6505:
6502:
6499:
6495:
6492:
6489:
6485:
6482:
6481:
6479:
6477:
6476:
6471:
6464:
6463:C. pectoralis
6460:
6459:Stubble quail
6457:
6454:
6450:
6447:
6444:
6440:
6437:
6434:
6430:
6427:
6424:
6420:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6412:
6411:
6406:
6399:
6395:
6392:
6391:
6389:
6387:
6386:
6385:Margaroperdix
6381:
6374:
6370:
6367:
6364:
6360:
6357:
6354:
6350:
6347:
6344:
6340:
6337:
6336:
6334:
6332:
6331:
6326:
6319:
6315:
6312:
6309:
6305:
6302:
6301:
6299:
6297:
6296:
6291:
6284:
6280:
6277:
6274:
6270:
6267:
6264:
6260:
6257:
6254:
6250:
6247:
6244:
6243:T. caucasicus
6240:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6216:
6205:
6201:
6198:
6195:
6194:S. gutturalis
6191:
6188:
6185:
6181:
6178:
6175:
6174:S. psilolaema
6171:
6168:
6165:
6161:
6158:
6155:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6133:
6132:
6127:
6120:
6119:C. schlegelii
6116:
6113:
6110:
6106:
6103:
6100:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6088:
6087:
6082:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6065:
6061:
6058:
6055:
6051:
6048:
6047:
6045:
6043:
6042:
6037:
6030:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6016:
6013:
6010:
6006:
6003:
6002:
6000:
5998:
5997:
5992:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5975:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5960:
5956:
5953:
5950:
5949:G. sonneratii
5946:
5943:
5940:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5905:
5901:
5898:
5895:
5894:B. thoracicus
5891:
5888:
5885:
5881:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5873:
5872:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5857:
5846:
5842:
5839:
5836:
5832:
5829:
5826:
5825:P. katsumatae
5822:
5819:
5816:
5815:P. inopinatum
5812:
5809:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5792:
5789:
5786:
5782:
5779:
5776:
5772:
5769:
5768:
5766:
5764:
5763:
5758:
5751:
5747:
5744:
5741:
5737:
5734:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5719:
5718:
5713:
5706:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5696:
5694:
5693:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5678:
5667:
5663:
5660:
5657:
5656:T. charltonii
5653:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5643:Tropicoperdix
5639:
5632:
5628:
5627:Green peafowl
5625:
5622:
5618:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5610:
5609:
5604:
5597:
5593:
5592:Congo peafowl
5590:
5589:
5587:
5585:
5584:
5579:
5572:
5568:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5560:
5559:
5554:
5547:
5546:R. nigrescens
5543:
5540:
5537:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5525:
5524:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5495:
5491:
5476:
5475:A. orientalis
5472:
5469:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5456:
5452:
5449:
5446:
5442:
5439:
5436:
5432:
5429:
5426:
5425:A. hyperythra
5422:
5419:
5416:
5412:
5409:
5406:
5402:
5399:
5396:
5392:
5389:
5386:
5382:
5379:
5376:
5372:
5369:
5366:
5365:A. cambodiana
5362:
5359:
5356:
5352:
5349:
5346:
5342:
5339:
5336:
5332:
5329:
5326:
5322:
5319:
5316:
5312:
5309:
5306:
5305:A. rufipectus
5302:
5299:
5296:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5284:
5280:
5273:
5269:
5266:
5265:
5263:
5261:
5257:
5250:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5238:
5234:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5215:
5211:
5204:
5200:
5197:
5194:
5193:X. obscuratus
5190:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5170:
5164:
5160:
5141:
5137:
5134:
5131:
5130:L. nycthemera
5127:
5124:
5121:
5117:
5114:
5109:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5089:
5088:L. imperialis
5085:
5082:
5079:
5075:
5072:
5069:
5065:
5062:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5045:
5042:
5039:
5035:
5032:
5029:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5016:
5011:
5004:
5000:
4997:
4994:
4990:
4987:
4984:
4980:
4977:
4974:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4962:
4961:
4956:
4949:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4939:
4937:
4936:
4931:
4924:
4923:P. versicolor
4920:
4917:
4914:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4896:
4889:
4885:
4882:
4879:
4878:C. amherstiae
4875:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4861:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4824:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4796:
4789:
4788:P. hodgsoniae
4785:
4782:
4779:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4756:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4741:
4730:
4729:R. dulitensis
4726:
4723:
4720:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4692:
4681:
4677:
4674:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4649:
4646:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4606:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4571:
4567:
4566:Ruffed grouse
4564:
4563:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4553:
4546:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4532:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4511:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4476:
4472:
4469:
4464:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4436:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4415:
4412:
4407:
4406:L. l. scotica
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4372:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4344:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4299:C. canadensis
4296:
4295:Spruce grouse
4293:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4268:
4257:
4253:
4247:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4206:
4195:
4194:P. macrolopha
4191:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4182:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4167:
4156:
4152:
4151:Chinese monal
4149:
4146:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4111:
4110:T. szechenyii
4107:
4104:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4076:
4075:T. temminckii
4072:
4069:
4066:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4008:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3969:
3958:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3912:
3906:
3902:
3900:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3876:
3869:
3864:
3862:
3857:
3855:
3850:
3849:
3846:
3839:
3834:
3830:
3829:
3819:
3813:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3785:
3784:
3776:
3760:
3756:
3750:
3734:
3730:
3726:
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3585:0-7195-4954-X
3581:
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3464:0-8160-1049-8
3460:
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3428:
3424:
3417:
3409:
3407:0-19-860966-3
3403:
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3344:
3328:
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3320:
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3307:. p. 52.
3306:
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3088:9780199340378
3084:
3079:
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3062:
3058:
3057:"The Yazidis"
3051:
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2794:
2788:, p. 14.
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2714:
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2643:pawnation.com
2640:
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2075:
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2051:
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2023:
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2014:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
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1964:
1956:
1950:
1941:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
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1895:
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1887:
1886:Physics Today
1883:
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1703:
1699:
1698:San Diego Zoo
1695:
1691:
1685:
1677:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1656:
1652:
1643:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1629:
1628:consumption.
1627:
1623:
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1611:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1596:
1592:
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1438:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1414: –
1413:
1409:
1408:Find sources:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1386:This section
1384:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1362:
1355:
1350:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1313:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1296:Abbott Thayer
1290:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1228:
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1219:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1173:
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1142:
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1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1067:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1049:Divine Beings
1046:
1042:
1027:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
991:
987:
982:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
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936:
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921:
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905:
901:
897:
893:
885:
880:
866:
864:
858:
856:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
827:
826:
820:
811:
805:
803:
781:
779:
761:
759:
758:intraspecific
755:
751:
742:
733:
724:
721:
712:
703:
701:
695:
693:
689:
688:Ronald Fisher
685:
681:
677:
668:
664:
661:
657:
651:
648:
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
624:
616:
611:
604:Female choice
601:
598:
587:
582:
580:
576:
575:
571:suggested in
570:
556:
547:
545:
541:
537:
534:
530:
526:
520:
516:
506:
502:
499:
497:
493:
492:Congo peacock
488:
486:
482:
477:
475:
466:
443:
435:
427:
419:
410:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
365:Congo peafowl
362:
361:green peafowl
358:
354:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
330:
325:
324:
319:
311:
303:
293:
292:
291:Tropicoperdix
288:
286:
285:
281:
279:
278:
274:
273:
271:
267:
266:Cladistically
263:
258:
257:
253:
251:
250:
246:
245:
243:
238:
235:
232:
229:
228:
225:
222:
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202:
199:
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168:
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162:
159:
158:
153:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
120:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
44:
33:
30:
26:
22:
8643:
8632:Pavo-muticus
8388:pavo-muticus
8375:Pavo_muticus
8361:Pavo muticus
8331:Pavo muticus
8330:
7945:
7798:
7563:
7486:Niels Krabbe
7436:Lars Jonsson
7417:
7373:Golden eagle
7315:Horror films
7299:The Big Year
7297:
7290:
7283:
7273:The Firebird
7271:
7264:
7257:
7245:
7233:
7226:
7214:
7210:To a Skylark
7197:
6998:Cockfighting
6968:Birdwatching
6882:
6872:
6862:
6852:
6842:
6832:
6822:
6813:P. squamatus
6812:
6802:
6792:
6782:
6772:
6763:P. adspersus
6762:
6752:
6742:
6732:
6722:
6712:
6702:
6693:P. atrifrons
6692:
6682:
6672:
6662:
6653:P. hartlaubi
6652:
6638:
6627:
6613:
6602:
6592:
6583:P. argoondah
6582:
6572:
6558:
6547:
6537:
6527:
6517:
6507:
6497:
6487:
6473:
6462:
6452:
6442:
6439:Common quail
6432:
6422:
6408:
6397:
6383:
6373:S. chinensis
6372:
6363:S. adansonii
6362:
6352:
6342:
6328:
6317:
6307:
6293:
6282:
6273:T. tibetanus
6272:
6262:
6252:
6242:
6230:Tetraogallus
6228:
6203:
6193:
6183:
6173:
6163:
6153:
6143:
6129:
6118:
6108:
6098:
6086:Campocolinus
6084:
6073:
6063:
6053:
6039:
6028:
6018:
6008:
5994:
5983:
5969:
5958:
5948:
5939:G. lafayetii
5938:
5928:
5914:
5904:B. sonorivox
5903:
5893:
5883:
5869:
5844:
5835:P. malacense
5834:
5824:
5814:
5804:
5794:
5785:P. chalcurum
5784:
5774:
5762:Polyplectron
5760:
5749:
5739:
5729:
5726:Red spurfowl
5715:
5704:
5690:
5666:T. chloropus
5665:
5655:
5641:
5630:
5621:P. cristatus
5620:
5606:
5596:A. congensis
5595:
5581:
5570:
5556:
5545:
5535:
5521:
5474:
5464:
5455:A. sumatrana
5454:
5444:
5435:A. campbelli
5434:
5424:
5414:
5404:
5394:
5384:
5374:
5364:
5354:
5344:
5334:
5324:
5315:A. mandellii
5314:
5304:
5295:A. torqueola
5294:
5271:
5260:Melanoperdix
5248:
5225:
5202:
5192:
5139:
5129:
5119:
5107:
5097:
5087:
5077:
5067:
5057:
5047:
5037:
5027:
5013:
5002:
4992:
4982:
4972:
4960:Crossoptilon
4958:
4947:
4933:
4922:
4913:P. colchicus
4912:
4898:
4887:
4877:
4865:Chrysolophus
4863:
4852:
4842:
4832:
4822:
4812:
4798:
4787:
4777:
4767:
4753:
4728:
4718:
4704:
4696:Rhizotherini
4679:
4667:
4651:
4639:
4629:
4615:
4604:
4594:
4582:Centrocercus
4580:
4569:
4555:
4545:T. sewerzowi
4544:
4534:
4531:Hazel grouse
4520:
4509:
4499:
4496:Black grouse
4485:
4474:
4462:
4453:T. urogallus
4452:
4438:
4427:
4417:
4405:
4395:
4381:
4370:
4367:Sooty grouse
4360:
4357:Dusky grouse
4346:
4335:
4321:
4308:
4298:
4284:
4255:
4242:
4233:M. gallopavo
4232:
4218:
4210:Meleagridini
4193:
4179:
4154:
4144:
4135:L. impejanus
4134:
4120:
4109:
4099:
4087:Tetraophasis
4085:
4074:
4064:
4054:
4044:
4034:
4020:
4012:Lophophorini
3995:
3981:
3956:
3942:
3840:at Wikiquote
3806:
3782:
3775:
3763:. Retrieved
3749:
3737:. Retrieved
3728:
3718:
3707:
3702:
3691:
3685:
3677:
3652:
3644:
3637:
3632:
3620:. Retrieved
3606:
3594:
3574:
3567:
3547:
3540:
3523:
3519:
3479:
3473:
3453:
3426:
3422:
3416:
3397:
3385:
3373:
3361:. Retrieved
3352:
3343:
3331:. Retrieved
3322:
3313:
3301:Vatican City
3296:
3287:
3275:. Retrieved
3239:
3217:. Retrieved
3207:
3200:
3172:
3165:
3125:. Gnostica.
3122:
3109:
3097:. Retrieved
3060:
3050:
2981:
2975:
2951:. Retrieved
2941:
2905:
2898:
2870:
2863:
2851:. Retrieved
2822:. Retrieved
2808:
2793:
2781:
2771:20 September
2769:. Retrieved
2764:
2755:
2743:. Retrieved
2734:
2729:Ayyar, SRS.
2724:
2707:
2697:20 September
2695:. Retrieved
2690:
2681:
2671:20 September
2669:. Retrieved
2664:
2655:
2647:the original
2642:
2633:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2606:the original
2601:
2592:
2570:(1): 61–74.
2567:
2563:
2557:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2483:
2479:
2469:
2450:
2446:
2436:
2414:(5): e5–e9.
2411:
2407:
2401:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2350:. Retrieved
2343:the original
2304:
2300:
2287:
2272:
2267:
2242:
2238:
2228:
2203:
2199:
2193:
2174:
2162:. Retrieved
2158:the original
2153:
2143:
2123:
2096:
2092:
2082:
2057:
2053:
2019:
2013:
2001:. Retrieved
1976:
1963:
1949:cite journal
1930:
1926:
1916:
1892:(1): 18–20.
1889:
1885:
1875:
1822:
1818:
1808:
1796:. Retrieved
1787:
1777:
1760:
1756:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1728:
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1693:
1684:
1663:
1655:
1640:
1632:
1630:
1599:
1584:
1574:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1530:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1498:
1459:
1450:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1407:
1395:Please help
1390:verification
1387:
1294:Painting by
1271:
1252:
1234:Qing-dynasty
1198:peacock logo
1195:
1192:Contemporary
1179:
1167:
1158:
1150:
1147:Christianity
1122:
1103:
1075:
1073:
1061:
1057:
1038:
1021:
1005:
983:
955:Nanda Empire
946:
937:
889:
859:
832:Peafowl are
831:
825:Pavo muticus
823:
808:
799:
780:vocalisation
777:
747:
730:
717:
696:
673:
652:
649:
645:
625:
621:
594:
584:
572:
567:
553:
533:interference
522:
503:
500:
495:
489:
485:Pavo muticus
484:
478:
473:
471:
421:Peafowl eggs
408:
396:Amotz Zahavi
381:
350:
345:
341:
327:
321:
317:
316:
289:
282:
275:
254:
247:
29:
8797:iNaturalist
8668:Wikispecies
8484:iNaturalist
8355:Wikispecies
8229:Neotropical
8190:NatureServe
8125:iNaturalist
7970:Wikispecies
7877:iNaturalist
7823:Wikispecies
7668:iNaturalist
7588:Wikispecies
7491:Peter Scott
7476:Joseph Wolf
7466:Joseph Smit
7446:Edward Lear
7383:Pigeon/Dove
7350:Cendrawasih
7335:Feather boa
7326:In fashion
7158:In heraldry
7136:In the arts
7073:Wildfowling
7054:In hunting
7043:Sacred ibis
7028:Ornithology
7019:In science
7013:Vinkensport
6843:P. harwoodi
6773:P. capensis
6753:P. jacksoni
6703:P. erckelii
6573:P. asiatica
6453:C. japonica
6443:C. coturnix
6339:Brown quail
6283:T. altaicus
6220:Coturnicini
6204:S. shelleyi
6131:Scleroptila
6041:Francolinus
6009:O. sephaena
5871:Bambusicola
5805:P. germaini
5795:P. emphanum
5740:G. lunulata
5730:G. spadicea
5717:Galloperdix
5692:Haematortyx
5567:Great argus
5536:R. ocellata
5465:A. javanica
5283:Arborophila
5140:L. swinhoii
5098:L. inornata
5048:L. edwardsi
4778:P. dauurica
4617:Tympanuchus
4570:B. umbellus
4361:D. obscurus
4348:Dendragapus
4323:Falcipennis
4243:M. ocellata
4229:Wild turkey
4145:L. sclateri
4122:Lophophorus
4100:T. obscurus
3996:I. cruentus
3921:Phasianinae
3905:Galliformes
3875:Phasianidae
3526:: 215–216.
2953:18 November
2853:27 December
2245:: 585–586.
1600:During the
1493:Ohara Koson
1345: 1200
1322: 1880
1280:Virgin Mary
1259:(1957–2006)
1216:Stone from
1182:Renaissance
1176:Renaissance
1030:Middle East
1009:aposematism
850:leaf litter
754:Galliformes
700:mate choice
639:) causes a
610:Mate choice
515:Iridescence
413:Description
369:Congo Basin
338:Phasianidae
224:Phasianinae
220:Subfamily:
214:Phasianidae
204:Galliformes
8923:Categories
8901:Xeno-canto
8627:Xeno-canto
8314:Xeno-canto
7431:John Gould
7194:In poetry
7168:Crow/Raven
7048:Sky burial
6963:Aviculture
6956:Activities
6673:P. nobilis
6640:Pternistis
6538:A. barbara
6528:A. philbyi
6419:Rain quail
6369:King quail
6359:Blue quail
6295:Ammoperdix
6253:T. caspius
6164:S. finschi
6029:O. gularis
5996:Ortygornis
5984:P. lathami
5971:Peliperdix
5884:B. fytchii
5631:P. muticus
5558:Argusianus
5523:Rheinardia
5498:Subfamily
5355:A. diversa
5325:A. gingica
5249:R. rouloul
5226:C. oculeus
5214:Caloperdix
5181:Xenoperdix
5169:Rollulinae
5167:Subfamily
5028:L. bulweri
4993:C. harmani
4973:C. auritum
4853:S. reevesi
4813:S. ellioti
4800:Syrmaticus
4745:Phasianini
4706:Rhizothera
4605:C. minimus
4535:T. bonasia
4428:L. leucura
4402:Red grouse
4396:L. lagopus
4286:Canachites
4272:Tetraonini
4171:Pucrasiini
4155:L. lhuysii
4035:T. blythii
3973:Ithaginini
3919:Subfamily
3696:: 221–222.
3429:(3): 448.
3363:8 February
3333:8 February
3192:1007841078
3034:2001227055
2890:1329211153
2281:0520240758
1668:. Viking.
1647:References
1612:, such as
1565:Gastronomy
1423:newspapers
1412:"spalding"
1304:camouflage
1274:(1486) by
1013:Mahamayuri
924:Surapadman
904:god of war
855:arthropods
846:amphibians
838:arthropods
802:media help
750:polygamous
608:See also:
597:aposematic
531:. Optical
384:iridescent
359:, and the
284:Argusianus
277:Rheinardia
7814:Q10730907
7346:In dance
7285:The Birds
7266:Swan Lake
7259:The Birds
7223:In prose
7163:Avalerion
6994:In sport
6990:Fletching
6973:Bird hide
6945:Human use
6560:Perdicula
6518:A. chukar
6508:A. graeca
6475:Alectoris
6064:F. pictus
5959:G. varius
5929:G. gallus
5500:Pavoninae
5415:A. davidi
5375:A. ardens
5078:L. ignita
5038:L. diardi
4900:Phasianus
4888:C. pictus
4833:S. mikado
4823:S. humiae
4768:P. perdix
4660:(extinct)
4658:Heath hen
4652:T. cupido
4522:Tetrastes
4500:L. tetrix
4220:Meleagris
4065:T. satyra
4045:T. caboti
3983:Ithaginis
3885:Kingdom:
3267:246596953
3157:931029996
3131:Routledge
3042:233145721
3018:1609-8498
3010:1573-384X
2996:): 1–36.
2933:246596953
2627:(1): 214.
2598:"Peacock"
2564:Behaviour
2352:28 August
2317:CiteSeerX
2003:8 October
1993:244187388
1849:0027-8424
1690:"Peafowl"
1595:Satyricon
1501:Spaldings
1481:leucistic
1361:Biccavolu
1154:Augustine
1114:Aristotle
1110:Alexander
1070:Mandaeism
1001:Sri Lanka
995:. To the
990:Sinhalese
908:Kartikeya
884:Kartikeya
863:granaries
834:omnivores
736:Behaviour
692:aesthetic
680:predators
559:Evolution
550:Courtship
377:courtship
170:Kingdom:
164:Eukaryota
121:– present
41:3–0
8841:22679430
8815:10593075
8776:45513819
8727:22679430
8722:BirdLife
8653:Wikidata
8601:Species+
8528:22679440
8502:10197106
8414:22679440
8409:BirdLife
8340:Wikidata
8288:Species+
8195:2.100180
8182:22679435
8143:11160615
8042:22679435
8037:BirdLife
7955:Wikidata
7856:45513818
7829:Afropavo
7808:Wikidata
7799:Afropavo
7579:Q3917160
7573:Wikidata
7330:Aigrette
7322:In music
7280:In film
7094:Products
7003:Falconry
6978:Big year
6615:Ophrysia
6498:A. magna
6410:Coturnix
6330:Synoicus
6099:C. coqui
5583:Afropavo
5571:A. argus
5513:Pavonini
5445:A. rolli
5272:M. niger
5237:Rollulus
4181:Pucrasia
4022:Tragopan
3957:L. lerwa
3893:Chordata
3891:Phylum:
3887:Animalia
3804:(1966).
3765:30 March
3759:Archived
3733:Archived
3616:Archived
3357:Archived
3327:Archived
3295:(1953).
3271:Archived
3213:Archived
3093:Archived
2847:Archived
2818:Archived
2745:31 March
2739:Archived
2584:86482247
2529:Ethology
2510:23885088
2428:40638610
2393:27621492
2259:53167596
2220:53201236
2182:Archived
2132:Archived
2115:86740688
2074:53196851
1997:Archived
1867:14557541
1792:Archived
1734:Archived
1726:(1871).
1708:13 March
1702:Archived
1700:. 2021.
1626:culinary
1602:Medieval
1547:Japanned
1453:May 2023
1238:barbules
1086:Yushamin
1035:Yazidism
1017:Amitabha
916:Santoshi
896:Hinduism
842:reptiles
660:eyespots
540:barbules
525:pigments
429:Peachick
379:ritual.
342:peacocks
334:Pavonini
329:Afropavo
256:Afropavo
234:Pavonini
210:Family:
184:Chordata
180:Phylum:
174:Animalia
160:Domain:
119:Pliocene
8929:Peafowl
8789:2473678
8763:conpea1
8737:conpea1
8709:Avibase
8659:Q338996
8463:2473599
8450:grepea1
8424:grepea1
8396:Avibase
8346:Q254636
8244:peafowl
8117:9451184
8024:Avibase
7895:1006898
7869:2473677
7782:ZooBank
7686:1033701
7660:2473598
7522:Related
7378:Penguin
7366:Species
7183:Martlet
7142:In art
7127:Poultry
7117:Feather
7102:Chicken
6883:P. afer
6548:A. rufa
6318:A. heyi
6184:S. afra
5861:Gallini
5015:Lophura
4935:Catreus
4487:Lyrurus
4418:L. muta
4383:Lagopus
3934:Lerwini
3903:Order:
3897:Class:
3838:Peafowl
3739:27 July
3026:4030968
2994:Yerevan
2984:(1–2).
2824:6 March
2537:Bibcode
2501:4232502
2339:1195756
2309:Bibcode
1894:Bibcode
1827:Bibcode
1798:18 July
1614:chicken
1593:in his
1581:, 1618)
1520:melanin
1516:leucism
1437:scholar
1363:, India
1253:Peacock
1164:Judaism
993:zodiacs
986:Burmese
933:Krishna
912:Kaumari
902:of the
629:alleles
346:peahens
318:Peafowl
230:Tribe:
200:Order:
190:Class:
110:↓
35:Peafowl
8893:373549
8828:553890
8696:ARKive
8593:114655
8580:102708
8515:176114
8383:ARKive
8280:415633
8251:NZOR:
8241:NZBO:
8234:compea
8169:176113
8099:EURING
8091:compea
8065:compea
8011:ARKive
7961:Q61865
7934:373548
7908:176115
7761:114654
7748:453587
7732:NZOR:
7699:176112
7404:People
7038:Augury
6218:Tribe
5916:Gallus
5859:Tribe
5680:Tribe
5511:Tribe
4755:Perdix
4743:Tribe
4694:Tribe
4557:Bonasa
4440:Tetrao
4276:Grouse
4270:Tribe
4208:Tribe
4169:Tribe
4010:Tribe
3971:Tribe
3932:Tribe
3814:
3665:
3622:14 May
3582:
3555:
3494:
3461:
3404:
3277:8 June
3265:
3255:
3219:8 June
3190:
3180:
3155:
3145:
3099:15 May
3085:
3065:Oxford
3040:
3032:
3024:
3016:
3008:
2986:Leiden
2931:
2921:
2888:
2878:
2715:
2582:
2508:
2498:
2426:
2391:
2337:
2319:
2279:
2257:
2218:
2164:22 May
2113:
2072:
2028:
1991:
1865:
1858:240659
1855:
1847:
1740:24 May
1672:
1618:gentry
1587:Horace
1512:albino
1439:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1410:
1168:Among
1137:Hermes
1064:Lalish
1053:Angels
975:Mughal
971:edicts
929:Omkara
920:Asuras
853:other
844:, and
527:, but
313:Peahen
8880:51349
8867:70395
8810:IRMNG
8758:eBird
8750:65H65
8734:BOW:
8619:13023
8567:70396
8497:IRMNG
8445:eBird
8437:75WGZ
8421:BOW:
8306:13022
8293:65568
8156:70935
8138:IRMNG
8104:35670
8086:eBird
8078:6TWGZ
8062:BOW:
8055:88912
7890:IRMNG
7769:Plazi
7681:IRMNG
7634:88911
7388:Raven
7188:Turul
7173:Eagle
7122:Guano
6949:birds
3944:Lerwa
3263:S2CID
3022:JSTOR
3006:eISSN
2929:S2CID
2580:S2CID
2424:S2CID
2389:S2CID
2346:(PDF)
2297:(PDF)
2255:S2CID
2216:S2CID
2111:S2CID
2070:S2CID
1989:S2CID
1610:birds
1606:serfs
1444:JSTOR
1430:books
1082:uthra
900:mount
892:India
479:Male
117:Late
8854:9076
8849:NCBI
8836:IUCN
8823:ITIS
8802:1260
8784:GBIF
8606:4975
8554:9050
8549:NCBI
8523:IUCN
8510:ITIS
8489:1200
8458:GBIF
8267:2010
8221:9049
8216:NCBI
8177:IUCN
8164:ITIS
8130:1204
8112:GBIF
8050:BOLD
7921:9075
7916:NCBI
7903:ITIS
7882:1259
7864:GBIF
7725:9048
7720:NCBI
7694:ITIS
7673:1199
7655:GBIF
7647:6JS7
7629:BOLD
7621:Pavo
7608:Pavo
7594:Pavo
7564:Pavo
7216:Crow
7107:Down
5608:Pavo
3899:Aves
3812:ISBN
3767:2012
3741:2021
3663:ISBN
3624:2017
3580:ISBN
3553:ISBN
3492:ISBN
3459:ISBN
3402:ISBN
3378:Ovid
3365:2023
3335:2023
3279:2023
3253:ISBN
3221:2023
3188:OCLC
3178:ISBN
3153:OCLC
3143:ISBN
3101:2021
3083:ISBN
3038:OCLC
3030:LCCN
3014:ISSN
2955:2022
2919:ISBN
2886:OCLC
2876:ISBN
2855:2019
2826:2018
2773:2024
2747:2014
2713:ISBN
2699:2024
2673:2024
2527:)".
2506:PMID
2371:)".
2354:2015
2335:PMID
2277:ISBN
2166:2023
2026:ISBN
2005:2021
1955:link
1863:PMID
1845:ISSN
1800:2020
1742:2023
1710:2021
1670:ISBN
1416:news
1186:Juno
1141:Ovid
1133:Zeus
1106:Hera
988:and
963:lion
951:Pali
947:mora
814:Diet
633:loci
631:for
517:and
490:The
323:Pavo
249:Pavo
194:Aves
49:PreꞒ
8771:EoL
8745:CoL
8683:ADW
8614:TSA
8536:NBN
8471:IBC
8432:CoL
8370:ADW
8301:TSA
8203:NBN
8151:ISC
8073:CoL
7998:AFD
7985:ADW
7851:EoL
7843:QBB
7838:CoL
7707:NBN
7642:CoL
7616:AFD
7603:ADW
7292:Kes
7112:Egg
6947:of
6107:, (
3659:328
3528:doi
3484:doi
3431:doi
3245:doi
3135:doi
3073:doi
2998:doi
2911:doi
2572:doi
2568:150
2545:doi
2533:111
2496:PMC
2488:doi
2484:216
2455:doi
2416:doi
2381:doi
2327:doi
2247:doi
2208:doi
2101:doi
2062:doi
1981:doi
1935:doi
1902:doi
1853:PMC
1835:doi
1823:100
1788:io9
1765:doi
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