985:
2525:
436:
2347:
424:
1947:
2411:
2569:
2623:
33:
1193:, revolted to prevent the destruction of the local coal mine, a major employer in the region. Giesler, on the night of 28-29 April, ordered the hanging without trial of 16 men and women, one of whom was pregnant. Having repeatedly demonstrated his fanatical loyalty to the Nazi regime, Giesler was named to replace Himmler as the
1028:
movement. Giesler criticized the male students who had not been called up for military service and said that suitable employment contributing to the war effort would be found for them. He was particularly scornful and insulting to the female students, stating that they should be delivering babies for
786:
at the end of June 1934, due to being away on holiday, Giesler only narrowly escaped being arrested, and perhaps murdered, a fate that befell many other SA leaders. He was removed from his post as SA commander in
Westphalia, and was assigned to a staff position in the SA central command. Brought
1039:
to undertake this task, guaranteeing a "pleasurable experience". This caused an uproar by the students, many of whom tried to leave the hall, resulting in a fierce scuffle with the police. This was followed by a public anti-Nazi student demonstration on the streets of Munich, the first in Nazi
1152:. At this time, he authorized some of the worst of the violence directed against so-called "defeatists" and those seeking to surrender in order to avoid further pointless death and destruction. As the American troops approached Munich on 27 April, an uprising known as the
1231:
where he succumbed to his wounds on 8 May 1945. A local physician, named
Gottschalk, certified Giesler's death on that date, and he was buried in the cemetery in nearby Berchtesgaden on 10 May. His remains were later disinterred and reburied elsewhere.
1219:
on 30 April 1945, together with his wife and mother-in-law, to avoid falling captive to
American troops. On 2 May, Giesler shot his wife and himself, and his mother-in-law ingested poison. Giesler alone survived and was taken to a military hospital in
856:
from electoral constituency 18 (Westphalia-South). He would serve until the fall of the Nazi regime, switching to constituency 14 (Weser-Ems) at the March 1936 and April 1938 elections, and returning to the
Westphalia-South seat in March 1942.
1165:
who seized the radio station and called on troops to lay down their arms and arrest the Nazi leaders, and encouraged citizens to display white flags of surrender. Giesler took the lead in brutally quelling the revolt with help from the
1090:, Hubertus "Bertus" Gerdes, by Special Agent Johannes Imhoff of the Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC), NĂĽrnberg Sub-Regional Office, Gerdes spoke of his role in sabotaging the plans for mass murder. In August 1946, former SS-
1040:
Germany. The speech contributed to the students' decision to produce their sixth and last pamphlet denouncing the Nazi regime on 18 February. After the capture of Sophie and the other White Rose ringleaders, including
589:. He was responsible for multiple acts of brutality, which included killing opponents of the regime in southern Germany. Giesler was also named in Hitler's Political Testament as Interior Minister, replacing
975:. When Wagner died on 12 April 1944, Giesler was made permanent in all his Party and government posts in Munich. On 25 September 1944, he additionally was made the commander of the Nazi militia forces, the
1900:
2164:
945:'s illness. He also replaced Wagner as Acting Minister of the Interior and Minister of Education and Culture. Retaining his position in Westphalia-South, Giesler was in command of two
1974:
909:, to train for a higher administrative posting. Due to his full-time Party work, he left active service with the SA in September 1941, retaining a reserve position with the SA-
1893:
2882:
2822:
1114:) to have 25,000 prisoners shot when the U.S. Army approached. If this couldn't be done, then Giesler, in his capacity as a Reich Defense Commissioner, would order the
1886:
805:, on charges of planning an armed rebellion, Giesler was acquitted on the basis of insufficient evidence in April 1935. The next month, he was given command of SA-
2892:
2887:
2327:
1873:
1426:
1124:
commander that would give the order to bomb. Giesler then said he would poison the prisoners. Eberstein claimed he stopped
Giesler by obtaining an order from
981:, in his Gau. Giesler, an unquestioning follower of Hitler, ruled Bavaria with ruthless efficiency and almost unlimited power in the last years of the war.
2867:
2917:
2857:
2842:
2363:
2124:
1203:
of 29 April 1945, though he never actually assumed this post. When it was reported to
Giesler that three people had been shot in another incident in
1048:, Giesler advocated the utmost punishment, including public execution. The students were hastily tried and convicted before the President of the
2837:
2832:
2827:
2398:
2852:
2802:
2797:
1183:
1221:
318:
2320:
1378:
2897:
1035:
instead of taking up spaces in the university. For those not attractive enough to find a mate, he said, he would assign one of his
946:
913:
Alpenland. On 9 November 1941, on
Bormann's recommendation, Giesler replaced his old adversary Josef Wagner who was removed as the
682:
382:
2912:
2847:
2289:
1200:
850:, he served a term on the Siegen City Council from April 1933 to April 1934. In November 1933, he was elected as a deputy to the
1847:
2313:
1909:
1136:
In April 1945, Giesler was appointed Reich
Defense Commissioner-South and, in addition to his own Gau, was placed in charge of
581:
143:
1120:
to bomb the camp. Eberstein refused to order the shooting of the prisoners and stated that it would be impossible to find any
2787:
2117:
1805:
1786:
1767:
1748:
927:
770:
757:. Throughout this time, Giesler organized and personally participated in brutal attacks on enemies of the Party, including
1606:
846:
During these years, Giesler also pursued a political career. Although he was defeated in the April 1932 election to the
686:
386:
1964:
1921:
762:
188:
2336:
1831:
769:
in
January 1933. On 2 May 1933, his units participated in the attack on and destruction of the Siegen offices of the
731:. For the next few years, he advanced through the ranks in multiple SA leadership posts, as a battalion leader in SA-
2907:
2877:
2872:
2817:
2110:
1413:
1174:
units. Although
GerngroĂź and others escaped, some 40 people were killed. In another infamous incident known as the
1574:
Holzberg, Niklas. "Lycurgus in Leaflets and Lectures: The Weiße Rose and Classics at Munich University, 1941–45".
2782:
1133:
to simply surrender the camps. Giesler then fired Eberstein for "defeatism" on 20 April, on orders from Bormann.
1102:
1071:
As American troops approached Munich, Giesler was reported to be planning the murder of the surviving inmates at
650:
495:
2812:
705:
in Siegen that same year and became a Party speaker in 1924, when the Party was banned in the aftermath of the
2922:
2378:
1404:
598:
2373:
2368:
1013:
1946:
2862:
1049:
1025:
1005:
954:
832:
773:, when the Nazis suppressed and outlawed the German labor unions. Giesler was promoted to the rank of SA-
455:
169:
2902:
1722:
1149:
1083:
966:
901:, Giesler returned to duties as a Party administrator. He was assigned to the Party Chancellery at the
758:
667:
unit. Transferred to the 2nd Guards Regiment in 1918, he was wounded several times and was awarded the
2807:
1072:
1012:
On 13 January 1943, Giesler gave a speech commemorating the 470th anniversary of the founding of the
2649:
2276:
1878:
1431:
938:
852:
792:
783:
576:
101:
76:
1438:
1204:
1853:
1354:
984:
879:
765:
and trade unionists. He instigated and carried out violent riots leading up to and following the
526:
2383:
2777:
2669:
1969:
1154:
1145:
950:
671:
1st and 2nd class. Discharged from military service at the war's end, he joined the right-wing
660:
294:
88:
1107:
2610:
1864:
1718:
1558:
1391:
1215:
Accounts of Giesler's death vary, but the most widely accepted is that he fled Munich toward
766:
2729:
2719:
1162:
2772:
2767:
2724:
2689:
2154:
1098:
802:
572:
53:
2714:
2694:
2074:
1868:
1326:
971:
561:
8:
2792:
2059:
1823:
1079:
902:
642:
633:
451:
1274:
2487:
2294:
2266:
2217:
1979:
1398:
1384:
1141:
1094:
919:
865:
728:
646:
406:
298:
2654:
1261:
1126:
1105:
that he was ordered by Giesler to use his influence with the commandant of Dachau (SS-
717:
2145:
1827:
1801:
1782:
1763:
1744:
898:
810:
715:(local group leader) in 1929 and rejoined the SA in January 1931 with the rank of SA-
711:
2684:
2237:
2024:
1762:. Vol. I (Herbert Albrecht – H. Wilhelm Huttmann). R. James Bender Publishing.
923:
181:
2639:
2600:
2556:
2546:
2507:
2462:
2442:
2232:
2212:
1130:
1045:
997:
869:
861:
847:
706:
594:
590:
258:
246:
2197:
1313:
1300:
878:, he was an infantry company commander, was wounded in France and was awarded the
775:
723:
689:
until 1921, and became a self-employed architect in Siegen between 1922 and 1933.
2704:
2674:
2502:
2447:
2427:
2416:
2388:
2039:
2029:
1955:
1369:
1053:
638:
614:
531:
369:
234:
2482:
2452:
2305:
2084:
2734:
2699:
2605:
2585:
2472:
2178:
2079:
2069:
2003:
1815:
1760:
Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders of the Nazi Party and Their Deputies, 1925-1945
1195:
1188:
894:
702:
556:
2227:
1729:
1643:
1226:
323:
224:
2761:
2541:
2492:
2352:
2257:
2207:
2054:
1984:
1935:
1216:
1171:
1111:
1066:
1017:
993:
864:
began, Giesler volunteered for service with the army and participated in the
677:
429:
302:
2659:
2432:
1287:
2739:
2679:
2574:
2530:
2512:
2497:
2477:
2457:
2437:
2271:
2242:
2044:
1994:
1340:
The following were Giesler's military and civilian awards and decorations:
1182:, 50 kilometers south of Munich, led by the former Social Democratic mayor
942:
814:
672:
622:
618:
511:
441:
333:
214:
124:
2102:
1728:
International Military Tribunal, Trial of the Major War Criminals (1946):
1644:
International Military Tribunal, Trial of the Major War Criminals, Day 195
709:. He re-enrolled on 1 January 1928 (membership number 72,741), became an
2709:
2664:
2644:
2590:
2467:
2393:
2222:
2064:
1930:
1736:
1361:
1075:
and several of its satellite camps in March 1945, on the authority of SS-
1041:
989:
817:. This was followed in September 1936 by a stint as chief of staff to SA-
627:
536:
507:
2595:
2049:
2034:
1462:
1345:
1137:
1057:
1021:
1001:
977:
698:
668:
552:
521:
377:
359:
1857:
2247:
2188:
1116:
874:
827:
797:
733:
664:
567:
483:
396:
96:
48:
1908:
1741:
The End: The Defiance and Destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1944-1945
1031:
1540:
1457:
1179:
1036:
754:
749:
68 in Siegen until March 1934; and, lastly, as the commander of SA-
655:
476:
957:'s death on 1 November 1942, Giesler succeeded him as both Acting
2628:
2137:
1913:
1820:
Allgemeine-SS. The Commands, Units, and Leaders of the General SS
1494:
1492:
1167:
962:
586:
329:
1732:, Avalon Project, Lillian Goldman Law Library, Yale Law School.
1660:
1516:
1452:
822:
788:
610:
290:
32:
1504:
1489:
831:, he was charged with organizing the SA in the newly-acquired
1730:
Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Volume 20, Day 195, 5 August 1946
1479:
1477:
969:
for both his Gaue. On 30 January 1943, he was promoted to SA-
738:
579:
in 1942. From 2 November 1942 to 28 April 1945, he was also
2133:
1684:
1625:
840:
1528:
1474:
1067:
Repressive actions towards the end of the Second World War
1696:
1869:
Bavarikon Manual of Selected Historic Bavarian Officials
825:. He remained there until June 1938 when, following the
1672:
885:
1586:
745:
130 in Siegen until September 1933; the leader of SA-
597:. He committed suicide together with his wife in the
2883:
Recipients of the clasp to the Iron Cross, 2nd class
2823:
Members of the Prussian State Council (Nazi Germany)
1648:
1607:"Weltkriegsende: Was aus Münchens Nazi-Größen wurde"
663:, he served as a platoon and company commander of a
575:, and he was appointed to the same position for the
1086:. In a 20 November 1945 interrogation of Giesler's
617:(1898–1987), was also an architect who, along with
2335:
1008:leaders murdered by the Nazis on 22 February 1943
721:. As an early Party member, he was considered an
2759:
961:and Acting Minister of Finance and Economics of
949:until he turned over the Westphalia position to
917:of Westphalia-South. At the same time, Prussian
613:, the son of an architect. His younger brother,
1576:Arion: A Journal of Humanities and the Classics
2893:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 2nd class
2888:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
2321:
2118:
1894:
1604:
843:, a post he would hold until September 1941.
637:in Siegen until 1914. On the outbreak of the
1758:Miller, Michael D.; Schulz, Andreas (2012).
1757:
1690:
1666:
1631:
1546:
1534:
1522:
1510:
1498:
1483:
1158:(Bavarian Freedom Action) broke out, led by
965:. On 16 November 1942, he was appointed the
2868:Politicians from the Province of Westphalia
2132:
1379:The Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918
2328:
2314:
2125:
2111:
1901:
1887:
692:
66:9 November 1941 – 26 January 1943
31:
2858:Nazis who died by suicide in Nazi Germany
2843:Ministers of the Bavaria State Government
1335:
933:On 23 June 1942, Giesler was made Acting
551:(15 June 1895 – 8 May 1945) was a German
1874:Town of Siegen: Paul Giesler's life path
1375:War Merit Cross 2nd Class without Swords
983:
683:Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences
383:Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences
159:2 November 1942 – 28 April 1945
2918:Technische Universität Darmstadt alumni
1735:
1678:
1410:Nazi Party Long Service Award in Bronze
741:until September 1932; the commander of
2760:
1814:
1795:
1776:
1702:
1654:
1592:
1056:, on 22 February and were sent to the
893:In August 1941, at the instigation of
2309:
2106:
1882:
1178:(Penzberg Murder Night), citizens of
771:General German Trade Union Federation
16:German Nazi politician and SA general
2853:Government ministers of Nazi Germany
2803:German Army personnel of World War I
2798:German Army officers of World War II
1798:The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
1779:Leaders Of The Storm Troops Volume 1
1725:, Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg.
1573:
1420:
204:30 April 1945 – 2 May 1945
13:
2838:Members of the Reichstag 1938–1945
2833:Members of the Reichstag 1936–1938
2828:Members of the Reichstag 1933–1936
1201:Adolf Hitler's political testament
114:23 June 1942 – 8 May 1945
14:
2934:
2898:Recipients of the War Merit Cross
1841:
1781:. England: Helion & Company.
1207:he retorted: "What, only three?"
681:. He studied architecture at the
599:closing days of the war in Europe
2621:
2567:
2523:
2409:
2345:
1945:
1800:. New York: Simon and Schuster.
1414:Honour Chevron for the Old Guard
1366:1939 Wound Badge in Silver, 1940
753:Westphalia with headquarters in
687:Technische Universität Darmstadt
434:
422:
387:Technische Universität Darmstadt
1637:
1598:
1103:International Military Tribunal
835:and was named leader of the SA-
625:in Nazi Germany. Paul attended
2913:Suicides by firearm in Germany
2848:Ministers-president of Bavaria
1848:Information about Paul Giesler
1567:
1552:
821:Hochland with headquarters in
1:
2379:Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
2337:Interior Ministers of Germany
1975:Graf von Lerchenfeld-Köfering
1582:(1 (Spring/Summer 2015)): 38.
1468:
1405:Nazi Party Long Service Award
1101:in Munich, testified to the
604:
278:Paul Heinrich Hermann Giesler
2788:Architects in the Nazi Party
2374:Arthur von Posadowsky-Wehner
2369:Karl Heinrich von Boetticher
2290:List of Gaue of Nazi Germany
1605:Wolfgang Görl (4 May 2020).
1014:Ludwig Maximilian University
872:campaigns. With the rank of
7:
2629:Federal Republic of Germany
2018:Modern Bavaria (since 1945)
1561:Bosls Bayerische biographie
1446:
1235:
10:
2939:
2575:German Democratic Republic
1723:Bosls Bayrische Biographie
1711:
1150:Reichsgau Tirol-Vorarlberg
967:Reich Defense Commissioner
953:on 26 January 1943. After
905:, with the rank of Deputy
727:and was later awarded the
2748:
2619:
2565:
2521:
2407:
2343:
2285:
2256:
2187:
2163:
2144:
2093:
2017:
1993:
1954:
1943:
1920:
1850:in the Reichstag database
1351:1914 Iron Cross 2nd Class
1242:
1073:Dachau concentration camp
889:in Westphalia and Bavaria
697:Giesler first joined the
609:Paul Giesler was born in
542:
517:
503:
491:
471:
461:
447:
417:
412:
402:
392:
376:
365:
355:
347:
339:
308:
273:
268:
264:
252:
240:
230:
220:
208:
197:
187:
175:
163:
152:
142:
130:
118:
107:
94:
82:
70:
59:
46:
42:
30:
23:
2277:Ernst-Heinrich Schmauser
1796:Shirer, William (1960).
1777:Miller, Michael (2015).
1691:Miller & Schulz 2012
1667:Miller & Schulz 2012
1632:Miller & Schulz 2012
1549:, pp. 235–236, 239.
1547:Miller & Schulz 2012
1535:Miller & Schulz 2012
1523:Miller & Schulz 2012
1511:Miller & Schulz 2012
1499:Miller & Schulz 2012
1484:Miller & Schulz 2012
1372:1st Class without Swords
1210:
784:Night of the Long Knives
701:in 1922, co-founded the
675:veterans' organization,
653:. Attaining the rank of
651:1st Foot Guards Regiment
577:Gau Munich-Upper Bavaria
565:. From 1941, he was the
499:2nd Foot Guards Regiment
496:1st Foot Guards Regiment
340:Cause of death
102:Gau Munich-Upper Bavaria
2908:Sturmabteilung officers
2878:Prussian Army personnel
2873:Politicide perpetrators
2818:Joint suicides by Nazis
1357:2nd Class, October 1939
1355:Clasp to the Iron Cross
880:Clasp to the Iron Cross
693:SA and political career
527:Clasp to the Iron Cross
2783:20th-century Lutherans
2670:Hans-Dietrich Genscher
1970:Gustav Ritter von Kahr
1865:Paul Giesler biography
1854:Paul Giesler biography
1719:Paul Giesler biography
1336:Awards and decorations
1155:Freiheitsaktion Bayern
1146:Reichsgau Upper Danube
1016:. In the audience was
1009:
928:Prussian State Council
645:and was assigned to a
621:, gained the favor of
295:Province of Westphalia
2813:German mass murderers
2611:Peter-Michael Diestel
1912:of the Free State of
1427:Reinhold K. Olszewski
1392:Brunswick Rally Badge
987:
926:appointed him to the
767:Nazi seizure of power
641:, he enlisted in the
593:, in the short-lived
462:Years of service
2923:Volkssturm personnel
2725:Hans-Peter Friedrich
2690:Friedrich Zimmermann
2384:Clemens von DelbrĂĽck
2155:Franz Ritter von Epp
1922:Revolutionary period
1525:, pp. 232, 234.
1176:Penzberger Mordnacht
1099:SS and Police Leader
939:Munich-Upper Bavaria
803:Gau Westphalia-South
782:However, during the
54:Gau Westphalia-South
2165:Minister-presidents
2060:Franz Josef Strauss
1910:Minister-presidents
1859:Deutsche Biographie
1824:Schiffer Publishing
1717:Bosl, Karl. (1983)
1705:, pp. 491–492.
1669:, pp. 241–242.
1611:SĂĽddeutsche Zeitung
1559:Bosl, Karl (1983),
1513:, pp. 233–234.
1501:, pp. 232–233.
1381:with Swords, c.1934
1199:of the Interior in
1108:ObersturmbannfĂĽhrer
1080:Ernst Kaltenbrunner
897:, the chief of the
789:Supreme Party Court
643:Royal Prussian Army
534:, 1st and 2nd class
452:Royal Prussian Army
2863:People from Siegen
2730:Thomas de Maizière
2720:Thomas de Maizière
2488:Walter von Keudell
2295:List of Gauleiters
2267:Karl von Eberstein
2260:leaders of Bavaria
2218:Ludwig Ruckdeschel
1980:Eugen von Knilling
1399:Hitler Youth Badge
1385:Golden Party Badge
1256:15 September 1931
1163:Rupprecht GerngroĂź
1142:Reichsgau Salzburg
1095:Karl von Eberstein
1088:Gaustabsamtsleiter
1020:, a member of the
1010:
833:Austrian territory
779:on 20 April 1934.
729:Golden Party Badge
407:Golden Party Badge
299:Kingdom of Prussia
137:Position abolished
2903:Stahlhelm members
2755:
2754:
2715:Wolfgang Schäuble
2695:Wolfgang Schäuble
2303:
2302:
2146:Reichsstatthalter
2100:
2099:
2075:GĂĽnther Beckstein
1965:Johannes Hoffmann
1807:978-0-831-77404-2
1788:978-1-909982-87-1
1769:978-1-932970-21-0
1750:978-1-594-20314-5
1743:. Penguin Press.
1421:Portrayal in film
1333:
1332:
1327:ObergruppenfĂĽhrer
1282:15 November 1933
1092:ObergruppenfĂĽhrer
1077:ObergruppenfĂĽhrer
972:ObergruppenfĂĽhrer
959:Ministerpräsident
920:Ministerpräsident
899:Party Chancellery
712:Ortsgruppenleiter
649:battalion of the
582:Ministerpräsident
562:ObergruppenfĂĽhrer
546:
545:
524:1st and 2nd class
145:Ministerpräsident
2930:
2808:German Lutherans
2650:Gerhard Schröder
2640:Gustav Heinemann
2633:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2601:Friedrich Dickel
2579:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2557:Wilhelm Stuckart
2547:Heinrich Himmler
2535:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2508:Wilhelm von Gayl
2463:Wilhelm Sollmann
2443:Erich Koch-Weser
2421:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2307:
2306:
2233:Julius Streicher
2127:
2120:
2113:
2104:
2103:
1949:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1880:
1879:
1837:
1811:
1792:
1773:
1754:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1602:
1596:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1571:
1565:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1487:
1481:
1435:
1321:30 January 1943
1308:9 November 1937
1275:StandartenfĂĽhrer
1240:
1239:
1230:
1192:
1131:Heinrich Himmler
1046:Christoph Probst
998:Christoph Probst
862:Second World War
848:Prussian Landtag
763:Social Democrats
707:Beer Hall Putsch
595:Goebbels Cabinet
591:Heinrich Himmler
573:Westphalia-South
440:
438:
437:
428:
426:
425:
413:Military service
327:
315:
287:
285:
269:Personal details
259:Wilhelm Stuckart
255:
247:Heinrich Himmler
243:
211:
202:
178:
166:
157:
133:
121:
112:
85:
73:
64:
35:
21:
20:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2744:
2705:Manfred Kanther
2675:Werner Maihofer
2655:Hermann Höcherl
2632:(1949–present)
2631:
2622:
2620:
2615:
2577:
2568:
2566:
2561:
2533:
2524:
2522:
2517:
2503:Wilhelm Groener
2448:Georg Gradnauer
2428:Friedrich Ebert
2419:
2417:Weimar Republic
2410:
2408:
2403:
2389:Karl Helfferich
2355:
2346:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2304:
2299:
2281:
2252:
2183:
2159:
2140:
2131:
2101:
2096:
2089:
2040:Wilhelm Hoegner
2030:Wilhelm Hoegner
2013:
1989:
1950:
1941:
1916:
1907:
1844:
1834:
1816:Yerger, Mark C.
1808:
1789:
1770:
1751:
1714:
1709:
1701:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1677:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1649:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1603:
1599:
1595:, p. 1023.
1591:
1587:
1572:
1568:
1557:
1553:
1545:
1541:
1533:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1490:
1482:
1475:
1471:
1449:
1429:
1423:
1416:, February 1934
1370:War Merit Cross
1338:
1262:SturmbannfĂĽhrer
1238:
1224:
1213:
1186:
1127:ReichsfĂĽhrer-SS
1082:, Chief of the
1069:
1063:
1054:Roland Freisler
951:Albert Hoffmann
891:
718:SturmbannfĂĽhrer
695:
639:First World War
615:Hermann Giesler
607:
555:politician and
535:
532:War Merit Cross
530:
525:
518:Military awards
510:
498:
481:
466:
454:
435:
433:
432:
423:
421:
403:Civilian awards
385:
370:Hermann Giesler
356:Political party
321:
317:
313:
289:
283:
281:
280:
279:
253:
241:
235:Joseph Goebbels
209:
203:
198:
192:of the Interior
176:
164:
158:
153:
131:
119:
113:
108:
89:Albert Hoffmann
83:
71:
65:
60:
38:
37:Giesler in 1943
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2936:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2735:Horst Seehofer
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2700:Rudolf Seiters
2697:
2692:
2687:
2685:JĂĽrgen Schmude
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2636:
2634:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2606:Lothar Ahrendt
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2586:Karl Steinhoff
2582:
2580:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2473:Martin Schiele
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2424:
2422:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2391:
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2376:
2371:
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2325:
2318:
2310:
2301:
2300:
2298:
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2292:
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2282:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2238:Fritz Wächtler
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2179:Ludwig Siebert
2176:
2170:
2168:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2142:
2141:
2130:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2080:Horst Seehofer
2077:
2072:
2070:Edmund Stoiber
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2025:Fritz Schäffer
2021:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2004:Ludwig Siebert
2000:
1998:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1961:
1959:
1952:
1951:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1918:
1917:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1891:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1862:
1851:
1843:
1842:External links
1840:
1839:
1838:
1832:
1822:. Atglen, PA:
1812:
1806:
1793:
1787:
1774:
1768:
1755:
1749:
1733:
1726:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1695:
1693:, p. 231.
1683:
1681:, p. 344.
1671:
1659:
1647:
1636:
1634:, p. 237.
1624:
1597:
1585:
1566:
1551:
1539:
1537:, p. 235.
1527:
1515:
1503:
1488:
1486:, p. 232.
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1439:Die WeiĂźe Rose
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1402:
1401:with Oakleaves
1395:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1367:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1349:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1295:20 April 1934
1292:
1291:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1237:
1234:
1212:
1209:
1196:Reichsminister
1068:
1065:
1060:the same day.
1050:People's Court
988:The graves of
955:Ludwig Siebert
924:Hermann Göring
895:Martin Bormann
890:
884:
694:
691:
606:
603:
544:
543:
540:
539:
519:
515:
514:
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448:Branch/service
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374:
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316:(aged 49)
310:
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190:Reichsminister
185:
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182:Fritz Schäffer
179:
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170:Ludwig Siebert
167:
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2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2778:1945 suicides
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
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2607:
2604:
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2599:
2597:
2594:
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2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:Wilhelm Frick
2540:
2539:
2537:
2532:
2520:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2493:Carl Severing
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
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2451:
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2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2423:
2418:
2406:
2400:
2399:Karl Trimborn
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2354:
2353:German Empire
2342:
2338:
2331:
2326:
2324:
2319:
2317:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2208:Otto Hellmuth
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2198:Josef BĂĽrckel
2196:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2128:
2123:
2121:
2116:
2114:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2055:Alfons Goppel
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1985:Heinrich Held
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:Weimar period
1953:
1948:
1937:
1936:Martin Segitz
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1899:
1897:
1892:
1890:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1835:
1833:0-7643-0145-4
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1715:
1704:
1699:
1692:
1687:
1680:
1675:
1668:
1663:
1657:, p. 41.
1656:
1651:
1645:
1640:
1633:
1628:
1612:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1589:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1564:
1563:, pp. 245–255
1562:
1555:
1548:
1543:
1536:
1531:
1524:
1519:
1512:
1507:
1500:
1495:
1493:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1473:
1464:
1461:
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1456:
1454:
1451:
1450:
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1440:
1433:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
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1368:
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1342:
1341:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:GruppenfĂĽhrer
1310:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1301:BrigadefĂĽhrer
1297:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1268:
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1258:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1217:Berchtesgaden
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1112:Eduard Weiter
1110:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1018:Sophie Scholl
1015:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
994:Sophie Scholl
991:
986:
982:
980:
979:
974:
973:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
931:
929:
925:
922:
921:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
888:
883:
882:, 2nd class.
881:
877:
876:
871:
867:
863:
858:
855:
854:
849:
844:
842:
839:Alpenland in
838:
834:
830:
829:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
799:
794:
790:
785:
780:
778:
777:
776:BrigadefĂĽhrer
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
735:
730:
726:
725:
724:Alter Kämpfer
720:
719:
714:
713:
708:
704:
700:
690:
688:
684:
680:
679:
678:Der Stahlhelm
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
657:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
635:
634:Realgymnasium
630:
629:
624:
620:
616:
612:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
583:
578:
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570:
569:
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563:
558:
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541:
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528:
523:
520:
516:
513:
509:
506:
502:
497:
494:
490:
486:
485:
479:
478:
474:
470:
464:
460:
457:
453:
450:
446:
443:
431:
430:German Empire
420:
416:
411:
408:
405:
401:
398:
395:
391:
388:
384:
381:
379:
375:
371:
368:
364:
361:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
335:
331:
325:
320:
311:
307:
304:
303:German Empire
300:
296:
292:
276:
272:
267:
263:
260:
257:
251:
248:
245:
239:
236:
233:
229:
226:
223:
219:
216:
213:
207:
201:
196:
193:
191:
186:
183:
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168:
162:
156:
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148:
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141:
138:
135:
129:
126:
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117:
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106:
103:
99:
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87:
81:
78:
75:
69:
63:
58:
55:
51:
50:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2750:East Germany
2740:Nancy Faeser
2680:Gerhart Baum
2552:Paul Giesler
2551:
2531:Nazi Germany
2513:Franz Bracht
2498:Joseph Wirth
2483:Wilhelm KĂĽlz
2458:Rudolf Oeser
2453:Adolf Köster
2438:Eduard David
2364:Karl Hofmann
2356:(1871–1918)
2272:Benno Martin
2243:Adolf Wagner
2203:Paul Giesler
2202:
2174:Paul Giesler
2173:
2085:Markus Söder
2045:Hanns Seidel
2009:Paul Giesler
2008:
1858:
1819:
1797:
1778:
1759:
1740:
1737:Kershaw, Ian
1698:
1686:
1679:Kershaw 2011
1674:
1662:
1650:
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504:Battles/wars
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334:Nazi Germany
314:(1945-05-08)
288:15 June 1895
254:Succeeded by
215:Adolf Hitler
210:Appointed by
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177:Succeeded by
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132:Succeeded by
125:Adolf Wagner
109:
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84:Succeeded by
77:Josef Wagner
61:
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25:Paul Giesler
18:
2773:1945 deaths
2768:1895 births
2710:Otto Schily
2665:Ernst Benda
2645:Robert Lehr
2591:Willi Stoph
2478:Otto GeĂźler
2468:Karl Jarres
2394:Max Wallraf
2228:Willi Stöhr
2223:Hans Schemm
2136:leaders of
2065:Max Streibl
1995:Nazi period
1931:Kurt Eisner
1703:Miller 2015
1655:Yerger 1997
1613:(in German)
1593:Shirer 1960
1430: [
1362:Wound Badge
1225: [
1187: [
1184:Hans Rummer
1042:Hans Scholl
990:Hans Scholl
903:Brown House
787:before the
628:Volksschule
537:Wound Badge
508:World War I
487:of reserves
480:of reserves
456:German Army
348:Nationality
322: [
242:Preceded by
225:Karl Dönitz
165:Preceded by
120:Preceded by
72:Preceded by
2793:Gauleiters
2762:Categories
2660:Paul LĂĽcke
2596:Karl Maron
2578:(1949–90)
2534:(1933–45)
2433:Hugo PreuĂź
2420:(1918–33)
2191:of Bavaria
2167:of Bavaria
2148:of Bavaria
2050:Hans Ehard
2035:Hans Ehard
1469:References
1463:White Rose
1346:Iron Cross
1288:OberfĂĽhrer
1205:Burghausen
1138:Gau Swabia
1058:guillotine
1026:resistance
1022:White Rose
1006:resistance
1002:White Rose
978:Volkssturm
759:Communists
699:Nazi Party
669:Iron Cross
605:Early life
553:Nazi Party
522:Iron Cross
418:Allegiance
393:Profession
378:Alma mater
360:Nazi Party
312:8 May 1945
284:1895-06-15
231:Chancellor
147:of Bavaria
2248:Karl Wahl
2213:Karl Holz
2189:Gauleiter
1997:(1933–45)
1958:(1919–33)
1924:(1918–19)
1617:6 January
1407:in Silver
1348:1st Class
1243:SA ranks
1160:Hauptmann
1122:Luftwaffe
1117:Luftwaffe
1037:adjutants
935:Gauleiter
915:Gauleiter
907:Gauleiter
887:Gauleiter
875:Hauptmann
860:When the
853:Reichstag
828:Anschluss
811:Oldenburg
798:Gauleiter
743:Standarte
734:Standarte
665:land mine
568:Gauleiter
529:2nd Class
484:Hauptmann
467:1939–1940
465:1914–1918
397:Architect
372:(brother)
366:Relatives
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97:Gauleiter
62:In office
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1739:(2011).
1458:Penzberg
1447:See also
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1222:StanggaĂź
1180:Penzberg
1024:student
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685:and the
661:reserves
656:Leutnant
477:Leutnant
319:StanggaĂź
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1914:Bavaria
1867:in the
1856:in the
1712:Sources
1397:Golden
1168:Gestapo
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1097:, the
1032:FĂĽhrer
911:Gruppe
870:French
866:Polish
837:Gruppe
823:Munich
819:Gruppe
809:63 in
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611:Siegen
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1826:Ltd.
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1344:1914
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739:Hagen
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2134:Nazi
1828:ISBN
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1170:and
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