788:
166:. From the very beginning, beer was brewed in French Cistercian monasteries following the Strict Observance. For example, the monastery of La Trappe in Soligny already had its own brewery in 1685. Breweries were later introduced in monasteries of other countries as the Trappist order spread from France into the rest of Europe. The Trappists, like many other religious orders, originally brewed beer to feed the community, in a perspective of self-sufficiency. Nowadays, Trappist breweries also brew beer to fund their works and charitable causes. Many of the Trappist monasteries and breweries were destroyed during the
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600:
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368:, but the beer remains a Trappist beer, as the Saint Benedict Abbey falls under the Westmalle Abbey and the abbot of Westmalle Abbey visits the Achelse Kluis every week and supervises the brewing and other activities in the Achelse Kluis. In January 2023, the abbey was sold to a private person. From that day on, "Achel" lost the recognition as a Trappist beer. In May 2022, St. Joseph's Abbey ceased beer production. In May 2023,
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1224:, meaning "single", is a term used by the Trappist breweries to describe the basic recipe of their beers. The name fell out of fashion with no breweries (Trappist or 'Abbey') using the term until recent years. Instead, "Blond(e)" (La Trappe, Westvleteren), "5" (Achel) or "6" (Rochefort) have been used to describe the brewery's lightest beer. Chimay introduced an Enkel (called
1386:. Some brewing monasteries maintain a visitors' centre where their beers can be tasted and bought (sometimes with other monastic products such as bread and cheese). Visits to the monastery itself are usually not available to the general public, although visitors can overnight in some of the monasteries (like Achel) if their purpose is non-touristic. Currently,
1134:) was originally devised by Belgian breweries for any monastic or monastic-style beer not produced in an actual monastery. After the introduction of an official Trappist beer designation by the International Trappist Association in 1997, it came to mean products similar in style or presentation to monastic beers. In other words, an Abbey beer may be:
359:
There are currently thirteen breweries producing
Trappist beer. Ten of them (with the exception of Achel, Mont des Cats, whose beer is not brewed at their monastery but at Chimay, and Cardeña from the Abbey of San Pedro de Cardeña, whose beer is currently produced off-site) are allowed to display the
283:
An expansion of ITA recognized breweries took place for the first time in 2012 when the trappist brewery of the abbey of
Engelszell, Trappistenbrauerei Engelszell in Engelhartszell, Austria started brewing beer at the monastery (the former production had stopped in 1929) and in the same year obtained
158:
of La Trappe felt that the
Cistercians were becoming too liberal. He introduced strict new rules in the abbey and the Strict Observance was born. Since this time, many of the rules have been relaxed. However, a fundamental tenet that monasteries should be self-supporting is still maintained by these
1279:
Tripel is a naming convention traditionally used by
Belgian Trappist breweries to describe the strongest beer in their range. Westmalle Tripel is considered to be the foundation of this beer style, and was developed in the 1930s. Achel 8 Blond, Westmalle Tripel, La Trappe Tripel, and Chimay
889:
243:
As of
January 2021, Belgium has only 5 Trappist beers (ATP) left since Achel lost its ATP designation due to the last monk leaving the Order. However, its Trappist beer (not ATP) production is still ongoing and has been taken over by Westmalle. In 2012,
1280:
White/Cinq Cents are all examples of
Trappist tripels. The style has proven popular among secular breweries like St. Feuillien, Bosteels and St. Bernardus. Tripels as a style are generally beers with an alcohol content ranging from 8% to 10% ABV.
231:
The brewery is not intended to be a profit-making venture. The income covers the living expenses of the monks and the maintenance of the buildings and grounds. Whatever remains is donated to charity for social work and to help persons in
1254:, with understated bitterness, fairly heavy body, and a pronounced fruitiness and cereal character. Examples are: Westmalle Dubbel, Chimay Red/Premiere, Koningshoeven/La Trappe Dubbel, Achel 8 Bruin, Rochefort 6, and Tynt Meadow.
1314:" style glasses. The distinction between goblet and chalice is typically in the glass thickness. Goblets tend to be more delicate and thin, while the chalice is heavy and thick walled. Some chalices are etched on the bottom to
327:
As of
January 2022, fourteen Trappist monasteries that are members of the ITA have beers named after them — six in Belgium, two in the Netherlands, and one each in Austria, Italy, England, France, Spain and the United States.
1232:) available commercially through some outlets in 2010. The term is often used interchangeably with 'Patersbier' (meaning Father's beer), as Enkels are a weak beer brewed originally to be consumed by the monks themselves.
73:
label is assigned by the
International Trappist Association (ITA) to just ten breweries that meet their strict criteria. As of 2021, Achel is no longer recognized as a Trappist brewery because it does not have any monks.
252:
In the twentieth century, the growing popularity of
Trappist beers led some brewers with no connection to the order to label their beers "Trappist". After unsuccessful negotiations, monks sued one such brewer in 1962 in
291:
In
December 2013, Maria Toevlucht's abbey (Zundert, the Netherlands) and St. Joseph's Abbey (Spencer, Massachusetts, United States) were both granted the ATP recognition for their Trappist beers, followed in 2015 by
248:
honored the Trappist breweries in the country with a commemorative collection of stamps. As of 25 January 2023, Achel lost its designation as a Trappist beer due to selling the abbey to a private person.
1250:
in 1856. Westmalle Dubbel was imitated by other breweries, Trappist and commercial, Belgian and worldwide, leading to the emergence of a style. Dubbels are understood to be a fairly strong (6–8% ABV)
364:
logo on their beer products. In January 2021, "Achel" of the St. Benedict's Abbey in Hamont-Achel lost the Authentic Trappist Product label, as the brewing process was no longer supervised by monks
268: – that are able to carry the "Authentic Trappist Product" logo. Their use of the International Trappist Association logo was withdrawn in 1999, but was restored in October 2005 (see
1294:
Quadrupel is the name Koningshoeven gave to a La Trappe ale they brew which is stronger and darker than their tripel. Rochefort 10, Westvleteren 12 and Zundert 10 are also examples of quadrupels.
217:) – founded the International Trappist Association (ITA) to prevent non-Trappist commercial companies from abusing the Trappist name. This private association created a
729:
350:
Profits should be intended for the needs of the monastic community, for purposes of solidarity within the Trappist Order, or for development projects and charitable works.
1382:
The idea of visiting Trappist monasteries to sample their beers has become more popular in recent years, partly due to promotion by enthusiasts such as the 'beer hunter'
1202:
or bottle-top alone. Chimay beer labels are based on the colour system (in increasing order of strength red, white and blue). Westvleteren beers are still unlabelled.
277:
1742:
1390:(which brews La Trappe) in Netherlands offers regular tours around their bottling plant, old brewery and parts of their site, along with a beer tasting.
1965:
236:
The German Trappist abbey of Mariawald has not produced beer since 1953, however it is a founding member of the Trappist Association and uses the same
228:
The brewery must be of secondary importance within the monastery and it should witness to the business practices proper to a monastic way of life.
956:
221:
that is assigned to goods (cheese, beer, wine, etc.) that respect precise production criteria. For the beers, these criteria were the following:
880:
587:
106:
1810:
787:
1527:
1205:
There is also a number system (6, 8 and 10, as used by Rochefort), which gives an indication of strength, but is not necessarily an exact
1198:
Colours can be used to indicate the different types, dating back to the days when bottles were unlabelled and had to be identified by the
1366:
1351:
1487:
1168:. Trappist breweries use various systems of nomenclature for the different beers produced which relate to their relative strength.
2096:
2257:
1845:
280:, made its debut in December 2013, and has also been granted permission to use the International Trappist Association logo.
225:
The beer must be brewed within the walls of a Trappist monastery, either by the monks themselves or under their supervision.
2148:
2820:
1195:. They may refer to the number of crosses or other marks chalked on the casks - two for a Dubbel and three for a Tripel.
2825:
1901:
1567:
1549:
1246:
Dubbel is a Trappist breweries' naming convention. The origin of the dubbel was a beer brewed in the Trappist Abbey of
873:
1879:
1336:
2815:
1528:"Achelse trappist is niet langer Ă©chte trappist omdat laatste broeder abdij verliet: "Productie is niet in gevaar""
968:
1586:
336:
In addition to being a Trappist brewery, the monastic communities that are members of the ITA can apply for the
1835:
1103:
311:" (7.4% ABV), after the location of the abbey, it is available to visitors and sold through public outlets.
2739:
1192:
174:. In the last 300 years, there were at least nine Trappist breweries in France, six in Belgium, two in the
2089:
1941:
1387:
482:
269:
210:
17:
2250:
1147:
given a vaguely monastic branding, without specifically mentioning monastery, by a commercial brewer.
304:
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2133:
1383:
905:
98:
2840:
1444:
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372:
published an article about dissolution of the monastery and move all monks to other monasteries.
1613:
2845:
2835:
2805:
2082:
1434:
671:
591:
130:
1469:
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Monastery brewhouses, from different religious orders, have existed across Europe since the
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122:
8:
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1324:
1917:
1786:"Kempense ondernemer Jan Tormans koopt Sint-Benedictusabdij: 'Einde van Trappist Achel'"
1165:
1989:
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2389:
1743:"The Brewing Monks: A Potential 12th Trappist Brewery Begins the Process in Spain"
1693:
1141:
produced by a commercial brewery under an arrangement with an extant monastery; or
2559:
2352:
2194:
1505:
1439:
1247:
1213:
combine a strength and a colour (of the beer itself—blond or brown) designation.
1144:
branded with the name of a defunct or fictitious abbey by a commercial brewer; or
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58:
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126:
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Recognition as Trappist beer lost in 2023 (abbey sold to a private individual)
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2414:
2409:
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2342:
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2189:
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or Gold) commercially in bottles in 2015, Westmalle made their Enkel (called
1108:
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945:
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in Leicestershire became the first in the UK to brew a Trappist ale. Called "
206:
186:
102:
86:
2779:
1918:"Michael Jackson's Beer Hunter - Down on your knees to bless monks' top ale"
1415:
2584:
1694:"International Trappist Association - Criteria for obtaining the ATP label"
154:. Various Cistercian congregations existed for many years, and by 1664 the
77:
347:
Production must be carried out under the supervision of the monks or nuns;
322:
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2653:
2614:
2524:
2421:
2307:
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1421:
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344:
All products must be made within the immediate surroundings of the abbey;
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46:
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2013:
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1138:
Produced by a non-Trappist monastery—e.g. Cistercian, Benedictine; or
1055:
1039:
214:
171:
38:
34:
2509:
960:
International Trappist Association recognised breweries in the world
2759:
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2636:
2626:
2404:
2394:
1666:
1315:
185:
In 1997, eight Trappist abbeys – six from Belgium (
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1307:
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42:
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2357:
2337:
1837:
World's Best Beers: One Thousand Craft Brews from Cask to Glass
1587:"Brewery set to be built in county – and ran by Trappist monks"
1311:
1273:
1263:
1241:
1191:. These terms roughly describe both the amount of malt and the
1183:
1177:
1107:
International Trappist Association recognised breweries in the
716:
179:
151:
62:
2064:
1171:
The best known is the system where different beers are called
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2631:
2529:
2466:
2441:
2431:
2199:
1210:
743:
658:
254:
245:
155:
66:
54:
340:(ATP) label. The following criteria are used for ATP label:
2484:
2374:
1161:
297:
218:
2279:
1306:: with Trappist breweries, these often take the form of "
376:
International Trappist Association recognized breweries
2069:
2065:
Official site of the International Trappist Association
1966:"New Product : Shop Westmalle-Extra Trappist Beer"
1302:
Belgian breweries have a tradition of providing custom
323:
International Trappist Association recognised breweries
1397:
272:
for details). A second Dutch Trappist beer, branded
331:
1318:a stream of bubbles for maintaining a nice head.
264:produces Trappist beers – branded
2797:
1840:. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 38.
1550:"Belgian Post Honors Trappist Brewers on Stamps"
1608:
1606:
142:The Catholic Trappist order originated in the
2251:
2090:
1811:"St. Joseph's Abbey to close Spencer Brewery"
354:
1643:"International Trappist Association - Beers"
1667:"International Trappist Association - FAQs"
1603:
1568:"The ATP logo for "Gregorius" and "Benno"!"
504:145,000 hL (124,000 US bbl)
477:123,000 hL (105,000 US bbl)
2258:
2244:
2097:
2083:
1688:
1686:
1637:
1635:
1372:Thirteen trappist beers and their glasses.
1867:
1865:
1863:
1833:
1470:"Beer-brewing monks struggle with demand"
556:71,000 hL (61,000 US bbl)
530:18,000 hL (15,000 US bbl)
178:, one in Germany, one in Austria, one in
2545:
1508:. The International Trappist Association
1267:
313:
76:
1683:
1632:
697:2,000 hL (1,700 US bbl)
666:2,000 hL (1,700 US bbl)
640:5,000 hL (4,300 US bbl)
613:4,694 hL (4,000 US bbl)
582:2,000 hL (1,700 US bbl)
451:4,750 hL (4,050 US bbl)
85:label from Trappist breweries in 2015:
14:
2798:
2265:
2070:Official website of the Trappist Order
1891:
1860:
1783:
1740:
1659:
396:Brouwerij der Trappisten van Westmalle
2239:
2078:
1942:"Chimay Dorée / Spéciale du Potaupré"
1614:"Monks brew UK's first Trappist beer"
1827:
1808:
1584:
24:
1741:Barnes, Christopher (2016-05-25).
25:
2857:
2104:
2058:
2778:
1784:Snoekx, Koen (25 January 2023).
1414:
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1365:
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1335:
1323:
1151:
1086:
1070:
1054:
1038:
1022:
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933:St. Sixtus Abbey of Westvleteren
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736:
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401:
332:Authentic Trappist Product label
2030:
2006:
1982:
1958:
1934:
1910:
1885:
1802:
1777:
1759:
1734:
1710:
1377:
1126:The designation "abbey beers" (
619:Brouwerij Abdij Maria Toevlucht
2693:Steam beer / California Common
1873:In het Spoor van de Trappisten
1767:"Trappist Achel Brouwt Verder"
1578:
1560:
1542:
1520:
1498:
1480:
1462:
182:and possibly other countries.
13:
1:
1455:
1115:
240:logo for its other products.
209:), one from the Netherlands (
27:Beer brewed by Trappist monks
2740:Beer and breweries by region
1894:The Oxford Companion to Beer
1809:Tota, Matthew (2022-05-14).
1297:
1283:
7:
1393:
928:Trappist Abbey of Westmalle
380:
303:In June 2018, the monks of
10:
2862:
2821:Beer in the United Kingdom
1287:
1261:
1239:
1156:Trappist beers are mostly
1119:
483:Brouwerij de Koningshoeven
362:Authentic Trappist Product
355:List of Trappist breweries
338:Authentic Trappist Product
286:Authentic Trappist Product
270:Brouwerij de Koningshoeven
238:Authentic Trappist Product
137:
83:Authentic Trappist Product
71:Authentic Trappist Product
2826:Beer in the United States
2773:
2710:
2600:
2538:
2465:
2278:
2212:
2182:
2119:
2112:
1871:Geert van Lierde et al.,
1585:Owen, Dave (2017-10-25).
1257:
1235:
390:Annual production (2004)
383:
305:Mount Saint Bernard Abbey
37:monks. Thirteen Trappist
1892:Oliver, Garrett (2012).
1216:
730:Cerveza Cardeña Trappist
213:) and one from Germany (
69:— produce beer, but the
2816:Beer in the Netherlands
1834:McFarland, Ben (2009).
1554:Lyke2Drink.blogspot.com
1445:Beer in the Netherlands
1430:Alcohol in Christianity
1435:Christian dietary laws
1330:Chimay beers and glass
1276:
1160:, including La Trappe
924:Brasserie de Rochefort
672:Mount St Bernard Abbey
592:Spencer, Massachusetts
510:Brasserie de Rochefort
430:Brouwerij Westvleteren
319:
134:
131:Mount St Bernard Abbey
1271:
317:
288:logo for their beer.
278:Abdij Maria Toevlucht
80:
2385:Kentucky common beer
2042:Latrappetrappist.com
1494:. February 13, 2021.
1488:"No Monks, No Label"
1104:class=notpageimage|
957:class=notpageimage|
2303:Australian pale ale
1790:Gazet van Antwerpen
1747:Ithinkaboutbeer.com
1574:. 21 November 2012.
1408:Christianity portal
1189:Quadrupel/Quadruple
377:
318:Orval trappist beer
2113:Trappist breweries
1815:Worcester Magazine
1556:. 2 February 2012.
1345:'s "chalice" glass
1277:
1166:bottle conditioned
881:St. Joseph's Abbey
610:2013 (closed 2022)
588:St. Joseph's Abbey
375:
320:
260:The Dutch brewery
135:
49:, and one each in
2793:
2792:
2706:
2705:
2555:American wild ale
2490:Dortmunder Export
2298:American pale ale
2233:
2232:
2208:
2207:
1970:Belgiuminabox.com
1847:978-1-4027-6694-7
1360:'s "goblet" glass
1207:alcohol by volume
942:Brasserie d'Orval
912:De Kievit Brewery
864:Tre Fontane Abbey
782:
781:
646:Tre Fontane Abbey
536:Brasserie d'Orval
294:Tre Fontane Abbey
168:French Revolution
16:(Redirected from
2853:
2783:
2782:
2755:Low-alcohol beer
2735:Barrel-aged beer
2565:Flanders red ale
2543:
2542:
2480:Australian lager
2260:
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2246:
2237:
2236:
2213:Related articles
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1506:"Trappist beers"
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1450:Barrel-aged beer
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1193:original gravity
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994:
978:
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946:De Achelse Kluis
938:Bières de Chimay
935:
909:
906:De Koningshoeven
892:
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846:Stift Engelszell
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828:Stift Engelszell
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562:Stift Engelszell
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457:Bières de Chimay
442:
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370:Stift Engelszell
276:and produced by
262:De Koningshoeven
21:
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2831:Beer in Austria
2811:Beer in Belgium
2796:
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2794:
2789:
2785:Beer portal
2777:
2769:
2702:
2596:
2560:Berliner Weisse
2534:
2461:
2274:
2264:
2234:
2229:
2204:
2178:
2108:
2103:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2046:
2044:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2022:
2020:
2012:
2011:
2007:
1998:
1996:
1990:"Espace Chimay"
1988:
1987:
1983:
1974:
1972:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1950:
1948:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1926:
1924:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1890:
1886:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1832:
1828:
1819:
1817:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1792:
1782:
1778:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1751:
1749:
1739:
1735:
1726:
1724:
1718:"Mont des Cats"
1716:
1715:
1711:
1702:
1700:
1692:
1691:
1684:
1675:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1651:
1649:
1641:
1640:
1633:
1623:
1621:
1612:
1611:
1604:
1595:
1593:
1583:
1579:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1533:
1531:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1492:Retaildetail.eu
1486:
1485:
1481:
1476:. July 7, 2019.
1468:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1440:Beer in Belgium
1420:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1396:
1384:Michael Jackson
1380:
1373:
1370:
1361:
1355:
1346:
1340:
1331:
1328:
1300:
1292:
1286:
1266:
1260:
1244:
1238:
1219:
1154:
1128:Bières d'Abbaye
1124:
1118:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1003:
1002:
1001:
1000:
995:
987:
986:
985:
984:
979:
963:
962:
961:
959:
953:
952:
951:
950:
949:
948:
944:
940:
936:
931:
930:
926:
922:
920: breweries
915:
910:
904:
903:
901: breweries
893:
885:
884:
883:
877:
869:
868:
867:
862:
859:
851:
850:
849:
844:
841:
833:
832:
831:
826:
823:
815:
814:
813:
811:
807:
799:
798:
778:N/A (not ATP)
764:
762:
751:N/A (not ATP)
737:
735:
724:N/A (not ATP)
710:
708:
683:
681:
652:
650:
626:
624:
599:
597:
568:
566:
542:
540:
516:
514:
490:
488:
463:
461:
437:
435:
402:
400:
357:
334:
325:
140:
129:(not pictured:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2859:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2841:Beer in France
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2745:Beer sommelier
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2726:
2725:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2551:
2549:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2475:American lager
2471:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2365:India pale ale
2362:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2348:Bière de Garde
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2284:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2240:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2060:
2059:External links
2057:
2054:
2053:
2029:
2005:
1981:
1957:
1933:
1922:Beerhunter.com
1909:
1903:978-0195367133
1902:
1884:
1859:
1846:
1826:
1801:
1776:
1758:
1733:
1709:
1682:
1658:
1631:
1620:. 25 June 2018
1602:
1577:
1559:
1541:
1519:
1497:
1479:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1411:
1395:
1392:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1364:
1362:
1358:Rochefort beer
1356:
1349:
1347:
1341:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1322:
1299:
1296:
1288:Main article:
1285:
1282:
1262:Main article:
1259:
1256:
1240:Main article:
1237:
1234:
1218:
1215:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1120:Main article:
1117:
1114:
1102:
1101:
1094:
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1076:
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1030:
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1021:
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1005:
1004:
998:
997:
996:
989:
988:
982:
981:
980:
973:
972:
966:
965:
964:
955:
954:
896:
895:
894:
887:
886:
879:
878:
871:
870:
861:
860:
853:
852:
843:
842:
835:
834:
825:
824:
817:
816:
809:
808:
801:
800:
792:
791:
785:
784:
783:
780:
779:
776:
773:
760:
753:
752:
749:
746:
733:
726:
725:
722:
719:
706:
699:
698:
695:
692:
679:
668:
667:
664:
661:
648:
642:
641:
638:
635:
622:
615:
614:
611:
608:
595:
594:Closed in 2022
584:
583:
580:
577:
564:
558:
557:
554:
551:
538:
532:
531:
528:
525:
512:
506:
505:
502:
499:
486:
479:
478:
475:
472:
459:
453:
452:
449:
446:
433:
426:
425:
420:(100,000
414:
411:
398:
392:
391:
388:
385:
382:
356:
353:
352:
351:
348:
345:
333:
330:
324:
321:
234:
233:
229:
226:
139:
136:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2858:
2847:
2846:Beer in Spain
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2836:Beer in Italy
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2806:Trappist beer
2804:
2803:
2801:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2766:
2765:Seasonal beer
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
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2472:
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2458:
2455:
2453:
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2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2415:Baltic porter
2413:
2412:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2370:Irish red ale
2368:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2343:Farmhouse ale
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
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2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2190:Mont des Cats
2188:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2106:Trappist beer
2100:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2019:
2015:
2014:"Visit Orval"
2009:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1971:
1967:
1961:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1905:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1880:90-261-0704-8
1877:
1874:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1849:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1830:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1791:
1787:
1780:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1723:
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1713:
1699:
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1592:
1588:
1581:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1555:
1551:
1545:
1529:
1523:
1507:
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1493:
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1471:
1465:
1461:
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1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1398:
1391:
1389:
1388:Koningshoeven
1385:
1368:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1333:
1326:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1184:Tripel/Triple
1180:
1179:
1178:Dubbel/Double
1174:
1169:
1167:
1164:, and mainly
1163:
1159:
1158:top-fermented
1152:Types of beer
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1110:
1109:Low Countries
1105:
1089:
1073:
1057:
1041:
1025:
1009:
993:
977:
970:
958:
947:
943:
939:
934:
929:
925:
921:
919:
913:
907:
902:
900:
882:
875:
865:
857:
847:
839:
829:
821:
805:
796:
789:
777:
774:
772:
761:
758:
755:
754:
750:
747:
745:
734:
731:
728:
727:
723:
720:
718:
707:
704:
703:Mont des Cats
701:
700:
696:
693:
691:
680:
677:
673:
670:
669:
665:
662:
660:
649:
647:
644:
643:
639:
636:
634:
623:
620:
617:
616:
612:
609:
607:
606:United States
596:
593:
589:
586:
585:
581:
578:
576:
565:
563:
560:
559:
555:
552:
550:
539:
537:
534:
533:
529:
526:
524:
513:
511:
508:
507:
503:
500:
498:
487:
484:
481:
480:
476:
473:
471:
460:
458:
455:
454:
450:
447:
445:
434:
431:
428:
427:
423:
419:
416:120,000
415:
412:
410:
399:
397:
394:
393:
389:
386:
379:
373:
371:
367:
363:
349:
346:
343:
342:
341:
339:
329:
316:
312:
310:
306:
301:
299:
295:
289:
287:
281:
279:
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263:
258:
256:
250:
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241:
239:
230:
227:
224:
223:
222:
220:
216:
212:
211:Koningshoeven
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
157:
153:
149:
146:monastery of
145:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
79:
75:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
45:, two in the
44:
40:
36:
33:is brewed by
32:
31:Trappist beer
19:
2722:
2539:Other styles
2169:Westvleteren
2105:
2045:. Retrieved
2041:
2032:
2021:. Retrieved
2017:
2008:
1997:. Retrieved
1993:
1984:
1973:. Retrieved
1969:
1960:
1949:. Retrieved
1946:Ratebeer.com
1945:
1936:
1925:. Retrieved
1921:
1912:
1893:
1887:
1872:
1851:. Retrieved
1836:
1829:
1818:. Retrieved
1814:
1804:
1793:. Retrieved
1779:
1770:
1761:
1750:. Retrieved
1746:
1736:
1725:. Retrieved
1722:RateBeer.com
1721:
1712:
1701:. Retrieved
1697:
1674:. Retrieved
1670:
1661:
1650:. Retrieved
1646:
1622:. Retrieved
1617:
1594:. Retrieved
1590:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1553:
1544:
1532:. Retrieved
1522:
1510:. Retrieved
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1464:
1381:
1378:Beer tourism
1304:beer glasses
1301:
1293:
1278:
1245:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1173:Enkel/Single
1172:
1170:
1155:
1131:
1127:
1125:
1015:Westvleteren
916:
897:
365:
361:
358:
337:
335:
326:
302:
290:
285:
282:
273:
265:
261:
259:
251:
242:
237:
235:
195:Westvleteren
184:
161:
141:
123:Westvleteren
82:
70:
30:
29:
2718:Abbey beers
2688:Spruce beer
2676:Smoked beer
2654:Millet beer
2615:Banana beer
2525:Schwarzbier
2422:Pumpkin ale
2308:Barley wine
2267:Beer styles
2159:Tynt Meadow
2154:Tre Fontane
1698:Trappist.be
1671:Trappist.be
1647:Trappist.be
1572:Trappist.be
1422:Beer portal
908:(La Trappe)
899:Netherlands
810:Netherlands
757:Achel Abbey
676:Tynt Meadow
633:Netherlands
497:Netherlands
485:(La Trappe)
432:(St Sixtus)
422:US bbl
309:Tynt Meadow
296:brewery in
257:, Belgium.
176:Netherlands
164:Middle Ages
115:Tre Fontane
81:Beers with
47:Netherlands
39:monasteries
2800:Categories
2671:Small beer
2644:Light beer
2610:Fruit beer
2515:Pale lager
2505:Kellerbier
2457:Wheat beer
2447:Strong ale
2437:Scotch ale
2380:Grodziskie
2328:Copper ale
2323:Burton ale
2220:Abbey beer
2129:Engelszell
2047:2018-03-05
2038:"Visit us"
2023:2014-09-26
1999:2014-09-26
1994:Chimay.com
1975:2018-03-05
1951:2018-03-05
1927:2009-07-11
1853:2011-01-13
1820:2022-05-15
1795:2023-01-25
1752:2020-12-23
1727:2020-12-23
1703:2019-01-27
1676:2019-01-27
1652:2019-01-27
1596:2018-03-05
1534:24 January
1530:. VRT News
1456:References
1343:Orval beer
1272:Westmalle
1122:Abbey beer
1116:Abbey beer
172:World Wars
144:Cistercian
95:Engelszell
18:Patersbier
2681:Rauchbier
2649:Malt beer
2622:Hard soda
2605:Corn beer
2592:Oud bruin
2575:Framboise
2547:Sour beer
2427:Quadrupel
2333:Cream ale
2318:Brown ale
2293:Amber ale
2225:Trappists
2195:Mariawald
2164:Westmalle
2144:Rochefort
2134:La Trappe
1882:, page 25
1298:Glassware
1290:Quadrupel
1284:Quadrupel
1252:brown ale
1248:Westmalle
1132:Abdijbier
1079:La Trappe
999:Westmalle
983:Rochefort
914:(Zundert)
732:(not ATP)
705:(not ATP)
621:(Zundert)
384:Location
266:La Trappe
215:Mariawald
203:Westmalle
199:Rochefort
148:La Trappe
119:Westmalle
111:Rochefort
99:La Trappe
2760:Real ale
2730:Adjuncts
2723:Trappist
2711:See also
2666:Rye beer
2637:Podpiwek
2627:Ice beer
2405:Pale ale
2395:Mild ale
2353:Grisette
2018:Orval.be
1618:BBC News
1474:BBC News
1394:See also
1316:nucleate
1162:Bockbier
381:Brewery
170:and the
159:groups.
41:—six in
35:Trappist
2750:Brewery
2520:Pilsner
2400:Old ale
2288:Altbier
2174:Zundert
2149:Spencer
1624:29 June
1308:chalice
1209:(ABV).
1200:capsule
1095:Zundert
918:Belgium
812:Belgium
771:Belgium
690:England
575:Austria
549:Belgium
523:Belgium
470:Belgium
444:Belgium
409:Belgium
387:Opened
366:on site
274:Zundert
138:History
127:Zundert
107:Spencer
59:England
51:Austria
43:Belgium
2580:Gueuze
2570:Lambic
2510:Märzen
2500:Helles
2495:Dunkel
2452:Tripel
2410:Porter
2390:Kölsch
2358:Saison
2338:Dubbel
2313:Bitter
2183:Others
2124:Chimay
1900:
1878:
1844:
1512:16 May
1312:goblet
1310:" or "
1274:Tripel
1264:Tripel
1258:Tripel
1242:Dubbel
1236:Dubbel
1031:Chimay
768:
741:
717:France
714:
687:
656:
630:
603:
572:
546:
520:
494:
467:
441:
406:
191:Chimay
180:Bosnia
152:France
125:, and
91:Chimay
65:, and
63:France
2698:Tella
2632:Kvass
2585:Kriek
2530:Zoigl
2467:Lager
2442:Stout
2432:Sahti
2200:Achel
2139:Orval
1230:Extra
1226:Dorée
1222:Enkel
1217:Enkel
1211:Achel
1063:Achel
1047:Orval
744:Spain
659:Italy
255:Ghent
246:Bpost
232:need.
207:Achel
187:Orval
156:Abbot
103:Orval
87:Achel
67:Spain
55:Italy
2659:Pito
2485:Bock
2375:Gose
2271:list
1898:ISBN
1876:ISBN
1842:ISBN
1626:2018
1536:2021
1514:2016
1187:and
775:1850
748:2016
721:1826
694:2018
663:2015
637:2013
579:2012
553:1931
527:1899
501:1884
474:1863
448:1838
413:1836
298:Rome
284:the
219:logo
205:and
2280:Ale
1130:or
590:in
2802::
2040:.
2016:.
1992:.
1968:.
1944:.
1920:.
1896:.
1862:^
1813:.
1788:.
1769:.
1745:.
1720:.
1696:.
1685:^
1669:.
1645:.
1634:^
1616:.
1605:^
1589:.
1570:.
1552:.
1490:.
1472:.
1181:,
1175:,
424:)
418:hL
300:.
201:,
197:,
193:,
189:,
150:,
133:)
121:,
117:,
113:,
109:,
105:,
101:,
97:,
93:,
89:,
61:,
57:,
53:,
2273:)
2269:(
2259:e
2252:t
2245:v
2098:e
2091:t
2084:v
2050:.
2026:.
2002:.
1978:.
1954:.
1930:.
1906:.
1856:.
1823:.
1798:.
1773:.
1755:.
1730:.
1706:.
1679:.
1655:.
1628:.
1599:.
1538:.
1516:.
678:)
674:(
20:)
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