309:
cases of COVID in the box. There followed a further three weeks of cross-examination of the accused. On 9 February
Abdeslam, who had maintained his right to silence since his arrest six years earlier, spoke for the first time about his role in the attacks, saying that he had never killed or injured anyone. The court was suspended for two weeks from 15 February to 1 March, again due to cases of COVID amongst the accused, and then heard evidence from Belgian investigators concerning the properties used as hide-outs by the terrorists. From 10 March for ten days the accused were cross-examined over the final preparations for the attacks. On 28 March the court reached its 100th day of hearings and turned to the arrival in Paris of the terrorists on 12 November 2015 and the attacks themselves.
31:
187:), including the bereaved and survivors of the attacks. Over 1,800 people had been constituted civil parties by September 2021, although not all attended the trial. There were additional live-feed rooms available for journalists and members of the public. The trial was filmed for the judicial archives and a web-radio was available for civil parties to listen to the proceedings without attending the court. Apart from these recordings, no sound or image was allowed to leave the courtroom. Built at a cost of 7 million euros, the courtroom would later be used for the
245:, Osama Krayem, Sofian Ayari, Mohamed Bakkali, Yassine Atar, Mohammed Amri, Ali El Haddad Asufi, Farid Kharkhach, Adel Haddadi and Muhamed Usman. Sitting outside the box were: Hamza Attou, Abdellah Chouaa and Ali Oulkadi. Tried in their absence were Ahmed Dahmani, who was serving a prison sentence in Turkey, and five others who were believed dead in Syria (Jean-Michel and Fabien Clain, Oussama Atar, Obeida Aref Dibo and Omar Darif).
229:
Martin Vettes. Xavier
Nogueras, a specialist in the defence of terrorists, and Christian Saint-Palais, the president of the association of criminal lawyers, were also on the defence team. The civil parties were represented by about 300 lawyers. Three lawyers, Gérard Chemla, Frédéric Bibal and Jean Reinhart, who lost a nephew in the Bataclan, represented more than 100 civil parties each.
266:) described how he and his driver had arrived at the theatre about ten minutes after the shooting started, entered the theatre and shot one of the terrorists, before retreating under fire from the other two gunmen. On 24 September it was the turn of the director of the Medico-legal Institute to give evidence.
332:
The trial entered its final stages on 23 May with nine days of closing speeches by lawyers for the civil parties. Some of the lawyers collaborated to speak on themes, while others spoke for the victims they represented. The three prosecutors then had three days to make their closing speeches, summing
304:
and public prosecutor François Molins. The rest of the week, and the following two and a half weeks, testimony was heard from investigators from the DGSI, Belgian investigators and an
Austrian investigator. From Thursday 9 December for five days, the court started to hear testimony from relatives and
237:
Fourteen accused were present in the court, with a further six being tried in their absence. Eleven of the fourteen were detained and appeared heavily guarded in a glass box. The other three had been released from prison and sat on folding seats outside the box. Of those being tried in their absence,
312:
On 30 March
Abdeslam refused to answer questions about the evening of 13 November 2015, having previously claimed that he had backed out of detonating his suicide vest at the last minute. An explosives expert testified that the suicide vest had been in a non-functioning state when found in a rubbish
98:
before five judges presided over by Jean-Louis Périès. The court sat for 148 days between 8 September 2021 and 27 June 2022. Verdicts were delivered on 29 June 2022. Nineteen of the twenty defendants were found guilty of all charges and sentenced to prison terms ranging from four years to full-life.
345:
The verdicts were announced on the evening of 29 June 2022. Nineteen of the twenty men standing trial were found guilty on all charges. The twentieth, Kharkhach, was found not guilty of terrorist charges but guilty of lesser fraud charges and sentenced to two years in prison. Abdeslam was sentenced
228:
About 330 lawyers took part in the trial. Each of the fourteen accused present was represented by at least two lawyers, given the length of the trial and the gravity of the charges. Abdeslam, the only surviving member of the 10 man cell that carried out the attacks, was defended by Olivia Ronen and
194:
The court sat on
Tuesdays to Fridays, with occasional Mondays, starting at 12.30 pm each day. The case file ran to more than a million pages in 542 volumes. More than 300 witnesses were due to be heard. The trial was scheduled to finish at the end of May, but this date had to be put back on several
257:
The trial opened on
Wednesday 8 September 2021. The accused were asked to confirm their personal details and Abdeslam made an angry outburst from the box, saying that he gave up all professions to become a warrior of the Islamic State. Preliminaries completed, on the third day the president of the
308:
The end of year break was prolonged by a week due to a case of COVID amongst the accused and the court reconvened on 11 January 2022. For four days the accused were cross-examined on their radicalisation and on events up to August 2015, before the court was again suspended for a week due to more
261:
During the second and third weeks of the trial the court heard evidence from scenes-of-crime investigators and the
Belgian investigating judge Isabelle Panou. On 22 September one of the first two police officers to enter the Bataclan theatre gave evidence. The commissioner from the anti-criminal
328:
with the intention of detonating his suicide vest but had changed his mind at the last minute, out of humanity. The court then, from 20 to 22 April, heard three days' of evidence from psychiatrists and psychologists who had examined some of those accused. There was a week's break for the spring
336:
On Monday 27 June, the 148th and last day of the trial, the court, convening for the only time in the morning, heard final statements from the accused. The judges then retired to a secret location to consider their verdicts, scheduled to be delivered on the evening of
Wednesday 29 June.
329:
holidays, before the court heard evidence from sociologist
Bernard Rougier, writer Mohamed Sifaoui and the former antiterrorist judge Marc Trévidic. There were then a further five days of testimony from civil parties, interrupted for a week by another case of COVID in the box.
313:
bin a week after the attacks, casting doubt on
Abdeslam's claims. On 1 April, at the request of the victims' association Life for Paris and after a debate the previous day, the court was shown photographs of the Bataclan and heard extracts from a sound recording of the attack.
141:(districts) of Paris, stopping at three junctions to open fire upon people on café and restaurant terraces, killing 39 people. One of the gunmen then detonated a suicide vest in a café in the 11th arrondissement. A third group of three terrorists carried out an attack on the
248:
Abdeslam was the only defendant who had taken part in the attacks on 13 November 2015. The others were charged with having been involved in the planning of the attacks, having provided logistical support to the terrorists or having assisted Abdeslam after the attacks.
671:
225:). There was in addition a reserve panel of four judges who followed the proceedings and were ready to take part if the need arose. The prosecution comprised three attorneys general from PNAT, Camille Hennetier, Nicolas Le Bris and Nicolas Braconnay.
272:
At the beginning of November, the accused were questioned for the first time, but only about their backgrounds and childhoods. Questions about their radicalisation or about the actual charges were reserved for later dates.
316:
The following week the court heard evidence about Abdeslam's escape from Paris and about the co-ordination of the attacks from Brussels. On 8 April, the court heard the anonymous testimony of "Sonia", who had denounced
299:
On Tuesday 16 November, the court heard testimony from Hugo Micheron, a writer on jihadism, and the former heads of the internal and external security directorates. On Wednesday it was the turn of former prime-minister
221:) consisting of a panel of five judges, as French terrorist cases are not tried by juries. The five judges were presided over by Jean-Louis Périès, with Frédérique Aline as the first of the assistant judges (French:
305:
friends of the accused and also of the terrorists who had carried out the attacks. On 17 December, the final day before the end of year break, the former head of DGSI, Patrick Calvar, appeared before the court.
170:
On 29 November 2019, after a four-year investigation, the French national anti-terrorism prosecutor's office (PNAT) charged 14 people in relation to the attacks and issued a further six arrest warrants.
324:
On 12 April, Abdeslam broke his silence to give his version of his role in the attacks and the next three days were taken up with his cross-examination. Abdeslam claimed he had gone into a bar in the
167:
The preparations for the attacks had taken place in Belgium. Two of the terrorists had Belgian nationality, six had French nationality (with three of them living in Belgium), and two were from Iraq.
99:
One defendant was found guilty of fraud but not terrorist involvement and sentenced to two years imprisonment. In France the trial is also known as V13 as the attacks took place on Friday (French:
333:
up the evidence and recommending sentences. The defence lawyers made their closing speeches over the next ten days, with, on Friday 24 June, the final word being given to the lawyers of Abdeslam.
238:
one was serving a prison term in Turkey for terrorist offences while the other five were assumed dead in Syria, but were still put on trial as there was no official confirmation of their deaths.
156:
had driven three suicide bombers to the Stade de France before abandoning his own suicide vest in a bin in a Paris suburb. He then called friends to collect him and drive him back to
643:
657:
152:
Seven of the terrorists who carried out the attacks died on 13 November 2015 and two were killed during a police raid in Saint Denis on 18 November 2015. One terrorist survived.
869:
258:
court read out his report summarising the charges against the accused. The events of 13 November 2015 were described, and the names of the dead at each location were read out.
629:
94:, which killed 130 people and injured hundreds. The ten-month trial was the longest criminal trial in French history and took place in a specially built courtroom inside the
562:
183:, an island in the River Seine in central Paris. The temporary courtroom was designed to accommodate 500 people, on account of the large number of civil parties (French:
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997:
965:
524:
855:
576:
775:
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611:
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and for the day preceding the seventh annual commemoration of the Paris attacks. On Tuesday 9 November, evidence was heard from two investigators from the
837:
395:
545:
346:
to a full-life term, which will give him a chance of parole after 30 years. The others received sentences of between four years and life in prison.
951:
933:
883:
856:"Procès du 13-Novembre, jour 104: l'horreur de l'attaque du Bataclan en son et en imagesl'horreur de l'attaque du Bataclan en son et en images"
593:
202:
The initial budget for the trial was over 60 million euros, with the largest cost being legal aid fees for the lawyers of the civil parties.
454:
1083:
475:
1022:
281:
149:
were playing to a packed audience of about 1,500. Ninety people were killed by gunfire. The final death toll of the attacks was 130.
897:
793:
753:
815:
374:
An audience member had been recording the concert; the device was found on the floor, having recorded the duration of the attack.
731:
1239:
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1275:
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506:
269:
From 28 September for five weeks, testimony was heard from the bereaved and survivors of the attacks, around 350 in all.
1249:
644:"Procès du 13-Novembre, jour 5 : "Terroriste le lundi, vendeur de tuyaux le mardi", la juge belge à la barre"
130:
658:"Procès du 13 Novembre, jour 10 : "C'est dans les tripes", raconte le premier policier entré au Bataclan"
630:"Procès du 13-Novembre, jour 3 : "Manuel Dias, 63 ans, Alva Berglund, 25 ans …", la terrible énumération"
1154:
325:
138:
134:
276:
The following week, the court sat on only two days, taking a break Thursday and Friday 11–12 November for
1244:
1038:
597:
112:
91:
1103:
1270:
1216:
870:"Au procès du 13-Novembre, la témoin cruciale qui a dénoncé Abaaoud, le coordinateur des attentats"
95:
41:
1201:
1285:
1280:
1221:
188:
998:"Paris 2015 attacks verdict 'permanent' after Abdeslam, all 19 others decline to file appeals"
563:"Président, avocats, associations de victimes: qui sont les acteurs du procès du 13-Novembre?"
179:
The trial took place in a specially constructed courtroom inside the Palais de Justice on the
1290:
1088:
146:
672:"Au procès des attentats du 13-Novembre, le douloureux récitp de l'identification des corps"
1211:
1206:
1162:
161:
1093:
525:"Dix questions que vous vous posez (peut-être) sur le procès des attentats du 13-Novembre"
289:
8:
1234:
1170:
577:"Procès des attentats du 13 novembre: Les avocats des victimes sont-ils trop bien payés?"
293:
180:
117:
On the evening of 13 November 2015, a series of coordinated attacks were carried out by
1124:
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1052:
318:
142:
205:
In France the trial is also known as V13 as the attacks took place on Friday (French:
30:
1098:
301:
118:
983:
717:
703:
689:
489:
433:
1067:
126:
1129:
920:"Why are lawyers of the November 2015 victims telling us what we already know?"
242:
153:
122:
1007:
612:"Paris attacks: suspects treated like dogs, claims Abdeslam in trial outburst"
1264:
1146:
277:
952:"Moment of truth for Olivia Ronen as she steps up to defend Salah Abdeslam"
528:
400:
1062:
884:"Salah Abdeslam breaks silence to explain his role in 2015 Paris attacks"
718:"Ex-French president Francois Hollande testifies over 2015 Paris attacks"
675:
217:
The trial took place before a specially composed criminal court (French:
966:"Paris attacks trial: accused given last chance to speak before verdict"
838:"Suicide vest of Paris attacks defendant was faulty, expert tells court"
546:"November 2015 Paris attacks: A trial like no other in France's history"
396:"Paris attacks trial to conclude after 10 months of harrowing testimony"
1178:
934:"Prosecutors ask for life sentences for 12 men at Paris attacks trial"
455:"France puts 20 suspects on trial over 2015 November 13 Paris attacks"
594:"Who are the men facing trial for the November 2015 Paris massacres?"
458:
160:, where he went into hiding. He was arrested on 18 March 2016 in the
416:"Paris attacks suspect Salah Abdeslam shot and arrested in Brussels"
349:
There were no appeals from either the convicted or the prosecution.
196:
157:
776:"I did not kill anyone, says main suspect in Paris attacks trial"
133:, killing one person. Another three terrorists drove through the
690:"Paris attacks: Haunting survivors' memories shake terror trial"
704:"Paris attacks trial: Humdrum lives that turned to mass murder"
510:
490:"Paris attacks: Historic day of reckoning for night of terror"
476:"Paris attacks of 2015: The logistics behind a historic trial"
365:
In France all victims of terrorism are eligible for legal aid.
87:
984:"Paris trial: Salah Abdeslam guilty as historic trial ends"
437:
507:"Les leçons organisationnelles du procès du 13 novembre"
296:
at the time of the attacks, testified before the court.
90:, France, of twenty men accused of involvement in the
212:
1262:
241:The eleven appearing in the box were: Abdeslam,
1037:
557:
555:
16:Trial of the Paris attacks of 13 November 2015
1023:
886:. Radio France Internationale. 14 April 2022.
660:(in French). France Inter. 22 September 2021.
646:(in French). France Inter. 14 September 2021.
632:(in French). France Inter. 10 September 2022.
954:. Radio France Internationale. 24 June 2022.
900:(in French). La Grande Bibliothèque du Droit
862:
848:
818:(in French). La Grande Bibliothèque du Droit
796:(in French). La Grande Bibliothèque du Droit
756:(in French). La Grande Bibliothèque du Droit
734:(in French). La Grande Bibliothèque du Droit
650:
636:
622:
579:(in French). Actu-Juridique.fr. 9 June 2022.
552:
540:
538:
286:Direction générale de la sécurité intérieure
922:. Radio France Internationale. 29 May 2022.
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468:
449:
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92:Paris terrorist attacks of 13 November 2015
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565:(in French). France Inter. 16 August 2021.
990:
958:
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830:
768:
604:
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282:General Directorate for Internal Security
872:(in French). France Inter. 8 April 2022.
858:(in French). France Inter. 1 April 2022.
501:
499:
465:
444:
434:"Paris attacks: Who were the attackers?"
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84:procès des attentats du 13 novembre 2015
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219:la Cour d’assises spécialement composée
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1240:List of terrorist incidents in France
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121:in Paris. Three terrorists detonated
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912:
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682:
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288:, DGSI). On Wednesday 10 November,
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1250:List of Islamist terrorist attacks
1197:January 2015 ĂŽle-de-France attacks
14:
1302:
72:Jean-Louis Périès and four others
29:
368:
213:Judges, prosecutors and lawyers
548:. France 24. 9 September 2021.
478:. France 24. 7 September 2021.
359:
232:
1:
381:
264:brigade anti-criminalité, BAC
106:
1155:November 13: Attack on Paris
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7:
1276:November 2015 Paris attacks
1245:Islamic terrorism in Europe
1039:November 2015 Paris attacks
598:Radio France Internationale
340:
113:November 2015 Paris attacks
10:
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1104:2016 Brussels police raids
1000:. France 24. 12 July 2022.
195:occasions due to cases of
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68:
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55:
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28:
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1217:2015 Bamako hotel attack
1084:Reactions to the attacks
720:. BBC. 10 November 2021.
492:. BBC. 8 September 2021.
352:
199:amongst the defendants.
42:Palais de Justice, Paris
706:. BBC. 6 November 2021.
321:following the attacks.
1222:2016 Brussels bombings
898:"Semaine Trente Trois"
794:"Semaine Vingt Quatre"
754:"Semaine Vingt et Une"
692:. BBC. 2 October 2022.
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263:
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164:district of Brussels.
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1089:2015 Saint-Denis raid
147:Eagles of Death Metal
1212:2015 Beirut bombings
1207:Metrojet Flight 9268
1202:Opération Sentinelle
986:. BBC. 30 June 2022.
816:"Semaine Vingt Huit"
678:. 23 September 2021.
139:11th arrondissements
1235:Terrorism in France
1171:One Year, One Night
1109:Paris attacks trial
618:. 8 September 2021.
600:. 12 December 2021.
531:. 3 September 2022.
461:. 29 November 2019.
326:18th arrondissement
294:President of France
253:Course of the trial
119:Islamist terrorists
86:) was the trial in
80:Paris attacks trial
24:Paris attacks trial
1158:(2018 docu-series)
1125:Abdelhamid Abaaoud
1058:Boulevard Voltaire
782:. 9 February 2022.
319:Abdelhamid Abaaoud
1258:
1257:
1174:(2022 drama film)
1166:(2022 drama film)
1099:Brussels lockdown
1094:Opération Chammal
302:Bernard Cazeneuve
290:François Hollande
262:brigade (French:
189:Nice lorry attack
96:Palais de Justice
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1271:Trials in France
1053:Bataclan theatre
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844:. 30 March 2022.
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440:. 27 April 2016.
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422:. 18 March 2016.
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143:Bataclan theatre
64:Court membership
51:8 September 2021
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972:. 27 June 2022.
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404:. 29 June 2022.
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154:Salah Abdeslam
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985:
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755:
749:
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727:
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677:
674:(in French).
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659:
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631:
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607:
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589:
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541:
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527:(in French).
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509:(in French).
508:
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485:
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278:Armistice Day
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123:suicide bombs
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97:
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71:
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62:
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50:
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40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1291:2020s trials
1177:
1169:
1161:
1153:
1145:
1118:Perpetrators
1108:
992:
978:
970:The Guardian
969:
960:
946:
938:The Guardian
937:
928:
914:
902:. Retrieved
892:
878:
864:
850:
842:The Guardian
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820:. Retrieved
810:
798:. Retrieved
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780:The Guardian
779:
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758:. Retrieved
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736:. Retrieved
726:
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666:
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638:
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616:The Guardian
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529:France Inter
519:
484:
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420:The Guardian
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209:) the 13th.
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145:, where the
125:outside the
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103:) the 13th.
79:
77:
59:29 June 2022
18:
1182:(2022 book)
1150:(2016 book)
1139:Works about
1063:Rue Alibert
676:France Info
233:The accused
223:assesseures
131:Saint-Denis
1265:Categories
1147:L'Exigence
382:References
107:Background
1077:Aftermath
904:22 August
822:21 August
800:21 August
760:21 August
738:21 August
459:France 24
284:(French:
175:Courtroom
162:Molenbeek
82:(French:
1163:November
341:Verdicts
207:vendredi
158:Brussels
101:vendredi
191:trial.
56:Decided
48:Started
511:Dalloz
353:Notes
197:COVID
88:Paris
38:Court
906:2022
824:2022
802:2022
762:2022
740:2022
137:and
135:10th
78:The
1179:V13
438:BBC
129:in
1267::
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936:.
840:.
778:.
614:.
596:.
585:^
554:^
537:^
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457:.
446:^
436:.
418:.
398:.
1031:e
1024:t
1017:v
908:.
826:.
804:.
764:.
742:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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