17:
89:
201:
300:
353:
384:
in July 1944 was designed to attack either sides of the heavily fortified Orote
Peninsula, cutting it off from inland support. After fierce fighting, U.S. forces declared the peninsula secured on July 29, 1944. An estimated 3,000 Japanese soldiers died defending Orote Peninsula.
327:
of 10 pilots and 90 enlisted men arrived and set up a base at Sumay for their amphibious aircraft, including a hangar. In 1926, the squadron built administration offices, but the next year was deployed to China to protect
American lives in the
367:
on
December 8, 1941, Sumay was targeted for bombing. The residents fled inland but were soon entirely evicted by the Japanese, who turned the town into a garrison. Sumay residents were moved to various concentration camps over the
224:
in the effort to solidify
Spanish control of the island. However, the village rebelled and was destroyed, with its population distributed to centralized villages where they could be better monitored and controlled.
252:
16:
536:
280:
49:
271:
was large enough to house six cannon, and also had soldier's quarters and munitions storage. In the 1800s, Sumay became a thriving port town, largely catering to the
376:, using Korean and Chamorro labor. Unlike the air station at Sumay, Orote Field was land-based, and used to refuel and rearm Japanese aircraft in the June 1944
396:, which would become a major military base into the 21st century. Sumay residents were relocated to Santa Rita, ending indigenous habitation of the peninsula.
264:
1285:
333:
65:
130:, known as "Mariana limestone." It thus differs dramatically from areas immediately inland, which are volcanic highlands. It is believed that the Talofofo
1354:
336:
arrived on Guam as replacements. However, the U.S. decided that Naval Air
Station Sumay was too expensive and shut it down on February 23, 1931.
260:
97:
182:
105:
279:
reported that Fort San Luis was no longer in use. The three cannon at Fort
Santiago were reported unusable in 1853 and, in 1884, Governor
349:
in 1935 in Sumay, establishing the first trans-Pacific passenger air service. Pan
American also built Guam's first hotel in the village.
267:, was built at Orote Point to guard the entrance to the harbor. One account suggests Fort Santiago began to be constructed in 1721. The
498:
444:
795:
175:
992:
978:
1290:
543:
605:
88:
324:
855:
308:
770:
954:
118:
Orote
Peninsula, like the eastern Guam, is a raised limestone plateau reaching heights of 190 ft (58m). The
1305:
1182:
879:
846:
312:
392:, the U.S. Navy refused to allow the Sumay residents to return, stating that the area was needed for the new
319:
through a station at Sumay, linking the United States to Asia, and each to Guam, for the first time. In the
377:
1339:
1167:
1152:
1137:
369:
339:
Guam's first golf course, Sumay Golf Links, was established in the village in 1923. This was followed by
1385:
307:
The
Americans continued making the peninsula a center of military and economic activity. In 1903, the
236:
trade and Spain's possessions in the
Pacific. This was aggravated by an attack in 1721 by the English
1395:
1300:
1147:
1084:
320:
209:
1094:
1416:
1177:
1142:
329:
284:
165:
662:
1327:
1295:
1044:
968:
283:
declared that Fort Santiago was useful only as an observation post. As a result, during the 1898
200:
1380:
1104:
1000:
887:
406:
1322:
1265:
1193:
1172:
1162:
419:
414:
381:
364:
357:
229:
716:
892:
340:
323:, Sumay was Guam's second most populous village with 1,209 residents. On March 17, 1921, a
263:
was built in 1737 near current-day Gab Gab to protect the new anchorage. A second battery,
8:
1390:
1359:
1029:
983:
473:
1059:
912:
869:
839:
169:
45:
1238:
1226:
932:
922:
902:
423:
276:
268:
68:
of the Spanish colonial period. In modern times, the peninsula is politically in the
1069:
299:
1246:
1034:
1021:
1011:
745:
352:
73:
69:
1064:
204:
A 1916–1917 map indicates Sumay was the only major inhabited area of the peninsula
1349:
1344:
1332:
1212:
1204:
1157:
1129:
1039:
917:
907:
897:
393:
288:
240:
151:
131:
113:
77:
57:
1364:
1109:
1099:
1074:
233:
139:
135:
48:, is Guam's westernmost point and also the United States' westernmost point by
1054:
191:, which had a cave complex suggesting habitation well before European Contact.
1410:
1279:
1275:
1187:
1079:
973:
832:
810:
797:
345:
29:
1049:
996:
987:
958:
691:
636:
248:
1270:
1260:
1234:
940:
389:
373:
256:
188:
157:
127:
61:
37:
36:. A major geologic feature of the island, it forms the southern coast of
216:
missionary was assigned to Orote. The job of this Jesuit was to conduct
1218:
1119:
1114:
1089:
28:
is a four kilometer-long peninsula jutting from the west coast of the
962:
579:
316:
237:
119:
53:
824:
1254:
1250:
1242:
950:
946:
232:
grew increasingly concerned about competing navies threatening the
221:
156:
The peninsula was inhabited by multiple communities during the Pre-
123:
93:
41:
606:"Matrimony and Social Change in the Marianas during Spanish Times"
1230:
1222:
272:
217:
542:. Naval Facilities Engineering Command Marianas. Archived from
244:
213:
859:
275:
ships. However, the forts gradually deteriorated. In 1817,
56:. The peninsula historically was the site of the important
33:
380:, but the field was destroyed by American raids. The U.S.
685:
683:
630:
628:
626:
680:
623:
142:
runs along the southern edge of the Orote Peninsula.
663:"Adventurers: John Clipperton and George Shelvocke"
740:
738:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
372:from 1941 to 1944. The Japanese also constructed
287:, the Spanish were unable to resist the American
1408:
259:, which offered greater protection from attack.
735:
709:
160:Period from 3,500 BC to 500 AD. These include:
108:, are visible. Turtle Rock Island lies between.
560:
1286:National Register of Historic Places listings
840:
603:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
506:Guam and CNMI Military Relocation Final EIS
452:Guam and CNMI Military Relocation Final EIS
168:, which includes a cave complex located at
847:
833:
499:"Chapter 3. Geological and Soil Resources"
445:"Chapter 3. Geological and Soil Resources"
294:
76:, but it is controlled in its entirety by
20:Orote Peninsula in 2006, looking northwest
604:Brunal-Perry, Omaira (January 19, 2021).
537:"Draft Joint Region Marianas Access Plan"
520:
351:
298:
199:
178:, on the northern side of the peninsula;
87:
15:
661:Murphy, Shannon J. (January 20, 2021).
577:
405:Orote includes the small settlement of
208:In July 1676, during the period of the
1409:
660:
92:Southern coast of the peninsula along
854:
828:
689:
634:
1291:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Agaña
690:Haun, Daryl A. (October 10, 2019).
635:Haun, Daryl A. (October 10, 2019).
228:In the early 18th century, Spain's
13:
1308:(Shared with the Northern islands)
14:
1428:
578:Babauta, Leo (October 14, 2019).
412:The 2010 epilogue of the TV show
195:
717:"Spanish Forts of Guam Overview"
309:Commercial Pacific Cable Company
763:
426:station on the Orote Peninsula.
356:Destruction of Sumay after the
181:Orote Village, located next to
1306:Cuisine of the Mariana Islands
654:
597:
491:
478:Digital Atlas of Southern Guam
466:
437:
313:submarine communications cable
138:across the island and through
1:
430:
382:initial U.S. invasion of Guam
253:Francisco de Cárdenas Pacheco
1340:Marine Corps Base Camp Blaz‎
378:Battle of the Philippine Sea
343:establishing a base for its
7:
370:Japanese occupation of Guam
255:opened up new anchorage in
10:
1433:
1386:Guam Regional Medical City
750:U.S. National Park Service
172:(previously, Orote Point),
149:
145:
111:
83:
40:and the northern coast of
1373:
1315:
1203:
1128:
1020:
931:
878:
866:
332:. On September 23, 1928,
100:(also called "Old Wives')
979:Census-designated places
399:
330:Nanking incident of 1927
281:Francisco Olive y Garcia
243:upon a supply ship from
166:Orote Historical Complex
1328:Andersen Air Force Base
771:"The New Man in Charge"
508:. July 2010. p. 11
454:. July 2010. p. 25
295:20th and 21st centuries
1381:Guam Memorial Hospital
1183:Elective Governor Acts
1153:1856 smallpox epidemic
360:
304:
205:
185:on the south side; and
109:
96:in 2010. Two beaches,
21:
1323:Joint Region Marianas
1194:Guam v. United States
1148:Spanish–Chamorro Wars
775:Karen's LOST Notebook
420:The New Man in Charge
388:After the end of the
355:
302:
230:Council of the Indies
210:Spanish–Chamorro Wars
203:
150:Further information:
112:Further information:
91:
19:
422:", takes place on a
341:Pan American Airways
325:U.S. Marine Squadron
285:Spanish–American War
251:. In 1734, Governor
1391:Naval Hospital Guam
1360:Naval Hospital Guam
1168:Japanese occupation
1085:Mongmong-Toto-Maite
807: /
358:1944 Battle of Guam
334:Patrol Squadron 3-M
723:. October 16, 2019
361:
305:
303:Sumay in the 1930s
206:
110:
22:
1404:
1403:
1396:COVID-19 pandemic
1301:Underwater diving
1045:Chalan Pago-Ordot
746:"Orote Air Field"
474:"Geology of Guam"
424:Dharma Initiative
365:Japanese invasion
277:Otto von Kotzebue
1424:
1173:2nd U.S. capture
1163:Japanese capture
1095:SĂĄnta Rita-Sumai
1012:Two Lovers Point
1001:Jumullong Manglo
849:
842:
835:
826:
825:
822:
821:
819:
818:
817:
812:
811:13.44°N 144.63°E
808:
805:
804:
803:
800:
787:
786:
784:
782:
777:. 25 August 2010
767:
761:
760:
758:
756:
742:
733:
732:
730:
728:
713:
707:
706:
704:
702:
687:
678:
677:
675:
673:
658:
652:
651:
649:
647:
632:
621:
620:
618:
616:
601:
595:
594:
592:
590:
575:
558:
557:
555:
554:
548:
541:
533:
518:
517:
515:
513:
503:
495:
489:
488:
486:
484:
470:
464:
463:
461:
459:
449:
441:
407:Lockwood Terrace
164:The NHRP-listed
1432:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1417:Orote Peninsula
1407:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1369:
1350:Radio Barrigada
1345:Naval Base Guam
1333:Northwest Field
1311:
1213:Chamorro Nation
1199:
1124:
1016:
1007:Orote Peninsula
927:
874:
862:
853:
815:
813:
809:
806:
801:
798:
796:
794:
793:
791:
790:
780:
778:
769:
768:
764:
754:
752:
744:
743:
736:
726:
724:
715:
714:
710:
700:
698:
692:"Fort San Luis"
688:
681:
671:
669:
659:
655:
645:
643:
637:"Fort Santiago"
633:
624:
614:
612:
602:
598:
588:
586:
576:
561:
552:
550:
546:
539:
535:
534:
521:
511:
509:
501:
497:
496:
492:
482:
480:
472:
471:
467:
457:
455:
447:
443:
442:
438:
433:
402:
394:Naval Base Guam
297:
289:capture of Guam
241:John Clipperton
198:
154:
152:History of Guam
148:
134:that runs from
116:
114:Geology of Guam
86:
78:Naval Base Guam
26:Orote Peninsula
12:
11:
5:
1430:
1420:
1419:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1365:Ordnance Annex
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1325:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1273:
1268:
1266:Liberation Day
1263:
1258:
1215:
1209:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1134:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1004:
990:
981:
976:
971:
966:
943:
937:
935:
929:
928:
926:
925:
923:Transportation
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
888:Communications
884:
882:
876:
875:
867:
864:
863:
852:
851:
844:
837:
829:
789:
788:
762:
734:
708:
679:
653:
622:
596:
559:
519:
490:
465:
435:
434:
432:
429:
428:
427:
410:
401:
398:
296:
293:
234:Manila galleon
197:
196:Spanish period
194:
193:
192:
186:
179:
173:
147:
144:
140:Ordnance Annex
85:
82:
64:, as well as
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1429:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1280:Belembaotuyan
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1188:Typhoon Karen
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1030:Agana Heights
1028:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1002:
998:
994:
991:
989:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
974:Cabras Island
972:
970:
967:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
942:
939:
938:
936:
934:
930:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
885:
883:
881:
877:
872:
871:
865:
861:
857:
850:
845:
843:
838:
836:
831:
830:
827:
823:
820:
816:13.44; 144.63
776:
772:
766:
751:
747:
741:
739:
722:
718:
712:
697:
693:
686:
684:
668:
664:
657:
642:
638:
631:
629:
627:
611:
607:
600:
585:
581:
574:
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
549:on 2015-06-24
545:
538:
532:
530:
528:
526:
524:
507:
500:
494:
479:
475:
469:
453:
446:
440:
436:
425:
421:
417:
416:
411:
408:
404:
403:
397:
395:
391:
386:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
359:
354:
350:
348:
347:
346:China Clipper
342:
337:
335:
331:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
301:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
265:Fort Santiago
262:
261:Fort San Luis
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
239:
235:
231:
226:
223:
219:
215:
211:
202:
190:
187:
184:
180:
177:
174:
171:
167:
163:
162:
161:
159:
153:
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
122:dates to the
121:
115:
107:
103:
99:
95:
90:
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
66:Fort Santiago
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
32:territory of
31:
30:United States
27:
18:
1192:
1158:U.S. capture
1006:
984:Cocos Island
893:Demographics
868:
792:
779:. Retrieved
774:
765:
753:. Retrieved
749:
725:. Retrieved
720:
711:
699:. Retrieved
695:
670:. Retrieved
666:
656:
644:. Retrieved
640:
613:. Retrieved
609:
599:
587:. Retrieved
583:
551:. Retrieved
544:the original
510:. Retrieved
505:
493:
481:. Retrieved
477:
468:
456:. Retrieved
451:
439:
413:
387:
362:
344:
338:
306:
247:anchored at
227:
207:
155:
117:
101:
25:
23:
1271:Latte stone
1261:Guam Museum
1235:Kaddon pika
1227:Fina'denne'
1178:Organic Act
1138:Earthquakes
941:Apra Harbor
814: /
390:Pacific War
374:Orote Field
363:During the
321:1920 census
257:Apra Harbor
170:Point Udall
128:Pleistocene
60:village of
46:Point Udall
44:. Its tip,
38:Apra Harbor
1374:Healthcare
1219:Chalakiles
1105:Talo'fo'fo
1035:Asan‑Maina
913:Government
553:2015-06-24
431:References
183:Dadi Beach
74:Santa Rita
1355:NCTS Guam
1217:Cuisine (
1040:Barrigada
993:Mountains
933:Geography
903:Geography
873:(capital)
856:Territory
721:Guampedia
696:Guampedia
667:Guampedia
641:Guampedia
610:Guampedia
584:Guampedia
317:telegraph
238:privateer
222:marriages
120:limestone
54:longitude
1411:Category
1255:Tinaktak
1251:Roskette
1243:Kelaguen
1143:Typhoons
1110:Tamuning
1100:Sinajana
1075:Mangilao
1070:InalĂĄhan
1022:Villages
959:Talofofo
802:144°38′E
781:March 2,
727:March 2,
701:March 2,
672:March 5,
646:March 2,
615:March 2,
589:March 2,
218:baptisms
124:Pliocene
102:(nearer)
94:Agat Bay
58:Chamorro
42:Agat Bay
1296:Schools
1239:Kalamai
1231:Guyuria
1223:Estufao
1205:Culture
1130:History
1080:Malesso
1065:HumĂĄtak
1060:Hagåtña
969:Beaches
918:History
908:Geology
898:Economy
870:Hagåtña
799:13°26′N
755:2 March
580:"Sumay"
512:2 March
483:2 March
458:2 March
273:whaling
269:battery
176:Gab Gab
146:History
98:Tipalao
84:Geology
70:village
1247:Latiya
1050:Dededo
997:Lamlam
988:Lagoon
945:Bays (
880:Topics
249:Merizo
245:Cavite
214:Jesuit
52:, not
50:travel
1316:Bases
1276:Music
1055:HĂĄgat
963:Tumon
547:(PDF)
540:(PDF)
502:(PDF)
448:(PDF)
400:Other
311:laid
189:Sumay
158:Latte
132:Fault
62:Sumay
1120:Yona
1115:Yigo
1090:Piti
986:and
955:Piti
951:Pago
947:Agat
860:Guam
783:2021
757:2021
729:2021
703:2021
674:2021
648:2021
617:2021
591:2021
514:2021
485:2021
460:2021
415:Lost
315:for
220:and
212:, a
136:Guam
106:Dadi
104:and
34:Guam
24:The
858:of
418:, "
126:to
72:of
1413::
1253:,
1249:,
1245:,
1241:,
1237:,
1233:,
1229:,
1225:,
1221:,
999:,
961:,
957:,
953:,
949:,
773:.
748:.
737:^
719:.
694:.
682:^
665:.
639:.
625:^
608:.
582:.
562:^
522:^
504:.
476:.
450:.
291:.
80:.
1282:)
1278:(
1257:)
1003:)
995:(
965:)
848:e
841:t
834:v
785:.
759:.
731:.
705:.
676:.
650:.
619:.
593:.
556:.
516:.
487:.
462:.
409:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
