123:
96:
42:
1088:
146:
135:
106:
1803:, but component production did not match the production of airframes. It was slow and poor, and as a result only 599 aircraft (340 fighters and 170 bombers) were serviceable; a rate of just 29 percent. After the opening of the offensive, the Luftwaffe "ran riot" over French air space. Such was the superiority of the Luftwaffe at that point, some units were sent home to Germany to refit. The French collapsed altogether just 22 days later, and on 25 June France capitulated.
1758:
air and 400 on the ground. Such was the perceived success, the
Luftwaffe concentrated against ports on the northern French coast thereafter. The damage inflicted by the Luftwaffe was far less than the Germans thought. Only 20 French aircraft (16 of them fighters) were destroyed on the ground and 15 of their fighters were shot down in aerial combat, a loss rate of 19 percent, suggesting German
1757:
The
Germans believed they had struck a mortal blow against the ALA. German post-operation analysis indicated a resounding success. It suggested a long list of wrecked French factories and destroyed aircraft on the ground and in the air. The Germans claimed to have destroyed 75 French aircraft in the
1159:
The operation was broad in its scope. As well as eliminating French airfields and aircraft factories around Paris, in von Waldau's words, the bombing was to "achieve a desirable influence on the morale of the capital". German reconnaissance aircraft reported 1,244 aircraft on airfields in and around
1762:
of over 4:1 in the air and 16:1 on the ground. Six of the sixteen airfields hit reported serious damage, while fifteen factories reported slight damage. French casualties on the ground were heavy, including 254 dead and 652 injured. The French shot down 10 German aircraft, including four bombers.
1067:
and most of the elite French forces were destroyed in the encirclement. This left just second rate French units to combat the entire German Army. The
Luftwaffe had played an integral part in disrupting Allied operations in this early phase. The Luftwaffe's participation was particularly crucial
1798:
as the French aviation industry was starting to reach full potential in production. Some 2,000 French aircraft were available despite the loss of 787 aircraft (473 fighters, 120 bombers and 194 reconnaissance aircraft). The French had 2,086 machines available on 5 June 1940, the first day of
1744:
Most of the German bombers had passed over and had an altitude advantage over French fighters trying to gain height to intercept. Skirmishes were few and far between, but some French units suffered heavy losses. For the attack, the
Germans had used the new C-250
1177:, who had been reading the German codes, forewarned the French. On 30 May they intercepted a message sent by Grauert discussing the arrangements he was making for his Corps. Adding to this leak, the units involved received incomplete orders for the assault.
1662:
and some were caught on the ground. In the end, only eighty took off to intercept the incoming German formations. German progress was monitored by shadowing Potez 631s, one of which was shot down. The
Germans would copy this tactic when intercepting
899:
to the attack, comprising 1,100 aircraft. The operation was launched on 3 June 1940. British intelligence had warned the French of the impending attack, and the operation failed to achieve the strategic results desired by the
1164:(AAA) defences were mapped from tactical to operational level, and intelligence of French ground defences was therefore good. The operation was due to be carried out on 30 May, but again, bad weather prevented it.>
2499:
1072:
which enabled the German Army to carry out
Operation Yellow. By early June the Dunkirk siege was over, and on 3 June, the Germans began preparations for the conquest of the rest of France under the codename
1794:. The main reason for German superiority in the air was the poor state of French air units' operational readiness. The Luftwaffe had a smaller margin of numerical superiority over the ALA at the start of
2509:
244:
906:(High Command of the Air Force). However, the plight of the French ground and air forces at this stage meant that the failure of the operation would not impede the defeat of France.
2504:
1812:
2514:
1183:
237:
1002:
were to be conquered in order to provide a base for further operations against France at a later date and amounted to a less ambitious re-run of the infamous
1140:
1654:
On 3 June, the French units were warned an hour before the German bombers took off, but owing to equally poor staff work, few French squadrons heard the
1763:
They claimed 16, suggesting mutual over claiming. A further 21 vehicles were destroyed. All the French airfields were back in operation 48 hours later.
1817:
1759:
1691:
230:
1675:
campaign. Along with French AAA defences, the fighters shot down ten German aircraft, including four bombers. One of these machines was piloted by
1210:, and passed it to the French. The French had intercepted similar messages and in response they doubled their aircraft strength to 120 fighters.
1160:
Paris, including 550–650 single engine aircraft. This French air power was to be destroyed along with the aviation factories in the area. French
1398:
1224:
812:
543:
1749:(Flame Bomb) which had only been cleared for use 24 hours earlier. The incendiary bomb did some damage to hangars and parked aircraft.
1033:
932:
by the United
Kingdom and France, in the aftermath of the German invasion of Poland, nine months of stalemate took place along the
1766:
Although the operation failed to achieve its goals, the first phase of the German invasion, Operation Yellow, had stripped the
2472:
2449:
2430:
2411:
2392:
2373:
2350:
2331:
2313:
971:
had surrendered the initiative and the
Germans would take the offensive in 1940. Several plans were toyed with by the German
807:
394:
283:
1144:(Bomber Wing 28) to bomb Paris. Bad weather prevented the operation. Determined to continue with his plans, Sperrle ordered
892:
was required. The
Luftwaffe was ordered to destroy the French Air Forces, while still providing support to the German Army.
1079:(Case Red). For this to be as successful, air superiority would be required first, as it had been during Operation Yellow.
1032:. A diversion operation in Belgium and the Netherlands would precede this thrust, to lure the Allied Armies, including the
1461:. It likely that some of these units also moved to captured French airfields by 3 June. It is possible they were based at
1484:
598:
661:
311:
360:
1725:
of KG 51 by Fisser, commander of KG 77. Fisser was killed two months later leading KG 51 during the
1646:. All in all, these groups totalled 240 aircraft. Only 120 fighters were made available to counter German attacks.
1202:, only to be told that the target was "Paris". Sperrle responded to his request by removing KG 77 from the
1024:
was suggested by von
Manstein. This main attack would use up the majority of the motorised and tank divisions (
882:
were disbanded or destroyed. To complete the defeat of France, the Germans undertook a second phase operation,
1471:(Wing). KG 54 was probably located in somewhere in northern France on 3 June. It was originally based at
41:
297:
1664:
933:
254:
32:
765:
1623:
353:
610:
1370:
1134:
960:
954:
902:
780:
775:
745:
637:
469:
2494:
1524:
983:
915:
644:
384:
367:
348:
273:
1337:
1607:
1145:
1087:
708:
389:
343:
1429:. These units were based at unknown French bases by 3 June. KG 4 and its units were based at
1331:
1783:
1603:
1376:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1198:
1112:
1106:
994:, or "Deployment Instruction No. 1, Case Yellow". The operation was a limited operation in which
770:
603:
593:
418:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
1462:
1167:
The operation was compromised by poor staff work and excessive confidence in the "invulnerable"
1551:
1069:
968:
817:
433:
423:
408:
1677:
1595:
1534:
KG 2 put up 99 bombers for the raid and KG 55 committed 66 bombers from their three
1382:
1655:
1458:
1193:
1161:
689:
627:
505:
457:
122:
95:
2365:
1672:
1174:
802:
697:
531:
413:
328:
318:
1642:, Night Hunting Group), E.C.M.J. 1/16, E.C.N. 1/13, 2/13, 3/13 and 4/13 equipped with the
1571:
1508:
848:
8:
1741:
centres. All damage inflicted was light. None were out of action for more than 24 hours.
1188:
760:
722:
675:
668:
632:
567:
452:
333:
1717:, was brought down on this date, although it is not clear if KG 51 was involved in
1434:
1771:
1575:
1297:
1291:
1285:
1118:
1017:
843:
785:
579:
572:
510:
443:
428:
289:
2468:
2464:
2445:
2426:
2407:
2388:
2369:
2346:
2327:
2309:
1726:
1710:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1056:
919:
736:
729:
703:
682:
586:
483:
438:
338:
150:
1401:. Stab. KG 55 operated from Schwabisch. I., II., III./KG 55 operated from
1020:
secured Hitler's attention with a modified version. An ambitious thrust through the
1782:
or motorised infantry. The failure of the German air operation did not prevent the
1738:
1307:
1302:
1255:
1044:
923:
875:
853:
715:
654:
615:
401:
372:
127:
1730:
1714:
1706:
1583:
1567:
1528:
1243:
1203:
1029:
1025:
1004:
964:(Supreme Command of the Armed Forces) turned their attentions to Western Europe.
949:
755:
620:
548:
500:
377:
1619:
878:, the Netherlands and Belgium had surrendered and most of the formations of the
2217:
1614:
at Évreux-Fauville, G.C. II/4 Curtiss H-75 at Orconte, G.C. I/6 Morane 406s at
1249:
1169:
1129:
1013:
945:
863:
538:
323:
278:
222:
46:
1774:
line were mostly reserve divisions of poorer quality and unsupported by heavy
2488:
1787:
1721:. Kammhuber would be released after the French surrender. He was replaced as
1635:
1627:
1555:
1418:
1124:
1048:
999:
972:
889:
649:
474:
304:
1698:
1668:
1659:
1611:
1563:
1237:
1231:
1101:
1093:
1060:
1052:
1009:
979:
929:
867:
524:
145:
139:
134:
105:
2500:
World War II aerial operations and battles of the Western European Theatre
1430:
1767:
1438:
1422:
1390:
941:
879:
750:
553:
1426:
2301:
1496:
1492:
1467:
1064:
995:
937:
490:
267:
2103:
1516:
1500:
49:
formations prepare for another mission, somewhere in France, June 1940
1775:
1643:
1631:
1579:
1480:
1476:
1406:
858:
839:
797:
2139:
2127:
2115:
2091:
1786:
from defeating the French in June 1940, or the Luftwaffe in gaining
1196:) of KG 77 complained about this. He asked the Headquarters of
1008:
which failed during the First World War in 1914. It was rejected by
1488:
1410:
1394:
1350:. ZG 2, KG 3 and II./KG 2 were under the command of
1075:
1021:
888:(Case Red), to conquer the remaining regions. In order to do this,
884:
835:
495:
2163:
1983:
1441:. It is likely that some of KG 3's units moved to bases near
1734:
1599:
1538:. Altogether the Luftwaffe fielded 640 bombers and 460 fighters.
1504:
1454:
1450:
1152:(Group Commander) of III./KG 28, to plan an operation named
976:
871:
1472:
2510:
Aerial operations and battles of World War II involving Germany
1701:, until the former's release by German forces on 12 June 1940.
1687:
1615:
1179:
990:("Case Yellow") on 19 October 1939. The plan's German code was
948:
which was terminated in controversial circumstances. After the
1344:
KG 1, ZG 76 and LG 1 were under the command of
1591:
1587:
1559:
1520:
1512:
1442:
1402:
1104:
had long planned attacks upon Paris and on 22 May he ordered
896:
2066:
2064:
1813:
List of aircraft of the French Air Force during World War II
2343:
Bomber Units of the Luftwaffe 1933–1945; A Reference Source
1971:
1779:
1610:. Further units were located along the line. G.C. I/4 with
1475:. The fighter units were based at the following airfields:
1241:(Air Fleet 1 and 2) were made available for the operation.
2081:
2079:
1546:
Tasked with the defence of the greater Paris area was the
2061:
1368:. KG 4 and JG 26 were under the command of the
2244:
2242:
2229:
2227:
2225:
1770:
of its finest formations. The French forces holding the
2505:
Battles and operations of World War II involving France
2278:
2266:
2187:
2175:
2076:
2049:
2039:
2037:
2000:
1998:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1729:. At least one source does not place KG 51 on the
2385:
Phoenix Triumphant: The Rise and Rise of the Luftwaffe
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
2239:
2222:
2199:
2022:
1374:. JG 2 and JG 27 were under the command of
2254:
2151:
2034:
1995:
1959:
1947:
1586:
are also listed on the order of battle: G.C. I/3 at
1465:. Only I./KG 54 took part in the raid from the
2340:
2169:
2145:
2133:
2121:
2109:
2097:
1989:
1923:
1911:
1887:
1846:
1834:
1570:-Les Aigles. G.C. II/1 Bloch 152s were deployed to
2341:de Zeng, H.L.; Stankey, D.G.; Creek, E.J. (2007).
2010:
1899:
895:For the operation, the Germans committed five Air
1935:
1818:List of World War II military aircraft of Germany
2486:
1574:airfield. G.C. II/10 Bloch 152s were located at
1039:Launched on 10 May 1940, the revised version of
252:
1206:. The British intercepted Frisser's request to
834:(Undertaking or Operation Paula) is the German
2515:Attacks on military installations in the 1940s
2218:French Air Force order of battle, 5 June 1940.
1550:or Z.O.A.N (Northern Zone of Air Operations).
1413:respectively. KG 3's, I., II., and III.,
2324:The encyclopedia of codenames of World War II
1578:, while G.C. III/10 Bloch 152s were based at
238:
1356:. KG 55 and III./KG 54 were under
856:in 1940. On 10 May the German armed forces (
2362:Panzerwaffe: The Campaigns in the West 1940
1445:for the attack. KG 1's I., II., III.,
1393:for the attack. I./KG 2 operated from
1341:(ZG 76) were to carry out the attack.
163:Zone d'Opérations Aériennes Nord or Z.O.A.N
2461:Ju 88 Kampfgeschwader on the Western Front
2406:. Vol. 2. London: Chevron/Ian Allan.
1733:. German formations attacked twenty-eight
986:of the Army, presented the first plan for
245:
231:
18:1940 offensive during the Battle of France
2360:Healy, Mark (2008). Prigent, John (ed.).
1397:, and III./KG 2 was to operate from
1225:Organization of the Luftwaffe (1933–1945)
2404:Luftwaffe at War; Blitzkrieg in the West
2326:. Routledge & Kegan Paul Books Ltd.
1086:
2420:
2248:
2205:
952:, in October 1939, the planners of the
2487:
2439:
2401:
2382:
2284:
2272:
2260:
2233:
2193:
2181:
2157:
2085:
2070:
2055:
2043:
2028:
2004:
1977:
1893:
1881:
852:(ALA), or French Air Force during the
846:to destroy the remaining units of the
2359:
2345:. Vol. 1. Ian Allan Publishing.
2321:
1953:
1929:
1917:
1905:
1840:
226:
2458:
2300:
2016:
1965:
1941:
1658:signal when it was radioed from the
1582:. More fighter units operating the
1386:lent JG 53 for the operation.
1253:(Fighter Wings) with aircraft from
1173:. The British intelligence, namely
1156:the following day, on 23 May 1940.
940:. The only military action was the
13:
1213:
1082:
14:
2526:
2170:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2007
2146:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2007
2134:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2007
2122:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2007
2110:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2007
2098:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2007
1990:de Zeng, Stankey & Creek 2007
992:Aufmarschanweisung N°1, Fall Gelb
958:(Luftwaffe High Command) and the
1634:. These units were supported by
1602:, G.C. III/3 with the D.520 and
1548:Zone d'Opérations Aériennes Nord
1389:Stab. and I./KG 2 moved to
928:After the declaration of war on
144:
133:
121:
104:
94:
40:
2293:
2211:
838:given for the Second World War
2423:Air War Over France, 1939-1940
1630:, and G.C. II/9 Bloch 152s at
1622:, G.C. III/7 (Morane 406s) at
1:
2306:France and Belgium, 1939–1940
1823:
1649:
1012:and at the turn of the year,
909:
198:1,100 aircraft (460 fighters)
1828:
1752:
1665:United States Army Air Force
1640:Groupement de Chasse de Nuit
7:
2444:. Crowood Aviation Series.
2322:Chant, Christopher (1987).
1806:
1091:Hugo Sperrle, commander of
1034:British Expeditionary Force
10:
2531:
1362:. KG 51 served under
1301:(KG 76), escorted by
1222:
1051:, succeeded. However, the
961:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
955:Oberkommando der Luftwaffe
913:
903:Oberkommando der Luftwaffe
862:) began their invasion of
813:Raids on the Atlantic Wall
808:Strategic Bombing Campaign
217:10 aircraft (four bombers)
79:German operational failure
2308:, London: Davis-Poynter,
1626:, G.C. I/8 Bloch 152s at
1541:
1218:
1148:and Helmuth von Hoffman,
916:Battle of the Netherlands
264:
208:35 aircraft (31 fighters)
202:
189:
156:
114:
87:
53:
39:
30:
25:
2421:Jackson, Robert (1974).
1146:Otto Hoffmann von Waldau
2364:. Vol. 1. London:
1683:Fighter Flying Leader 3
1604:Morane-Saulnier M.S.406
1558:fighters were based at
1162:anti aircraft artillery
2463:. Botley, Oxford, UK:
1552:Groupe de Chasse I/145
1338:Zerstörergeschwader 76
1098:
115:Commanders and leaders
2425:. London: Ian Allan.
2402:Hooton, E.R. (2007).
2387:. Arms & Armour.
2383:Hooton, E.R. (1994).
1980:, pp. 47–48, 77.
1694:. He was replaced by
1332:Zerstörergeschwader 2
1184:Johann-Volkmar Fisser
1122:(Bomber Wing 77) and
1090:
1047:), also known as the
874:and the continent in
506:Battle of Britain Day
214:(166 were servicemen)
203:Casualties and losses
2440:Mackay, Ron (2003).
2366:Ian Allan Publishing
1790:at the beginning of
1673:Defence of the Reich
1554:(Polish) armed with
1525:Charleville-Mézières
1463:Rosières-en-Santerre
1059:. Nevertheless, the
1028:) in a drive to the
803:Defence of the Reich
284:The Heligoland Bight
2459:Weal, John (2000).
2112:, pp. 193–201.
2073:, pp. 263–264.
1723:Geschwaderkommodore
1703:Geschwaderkommodore
1678:JagdfliegerfĂĽhrer 3
1596:La Ferté-sur-Chiers
1383:JagdfliegerfĂĽhrer 3
1371:IX. Fliegerdivision
1247:(Bomber Wings) and
1189:Geschwaderkommodore
1116:(Air Corps V) with
1110:(Air Corps II) and
1055:escaped during the
1016:'s chief of staff,
870:had withdrawn from
792:Strategic campaigns
395:Ypres–Comines Canal
1576:Bernay-en-Ponthieu
1377:VIII. Fliegerkorps
1298:Kampfgeschwader 76
1292:Kampfgeschwader 55
1286:Kampfgeschwader 54
1141:Kampfgeschwader 28
1128:(General Colonel)
1119:Kampfgeschwader 77
1099:
1018:Erich von Manstein
818:Battle of Atlantic
184:VIII. Fliegerkorps
2474:978-1-84176-020-9
2465:Osprey Publishing
2451:978-1-86126-576-0
2432:978-0-7110-0510-5
2413:978-1-85780-272-6
2394:978-1-85409-181-9
2375:978-0-7110-3240-8
2352:978-1-85780-279-5
2333:978-0-7102-0718-0
2315:978-0-7067-0168-5
2287:, pp. 85–86.
2275:, pp. 84–85.
2196:, pp. 62–63.
2184:, pp. 83–84.
2148:, pp. 13–22.
2136:, pp. 49–60.
2124:, pp. 36–48.
2100:, pp. 23–31.
2088:, pp. 78–79.
2058:, pp. 82–83.
1968:, pp. 43–44.
1727:Battle of Britain
1711:wounded in action
1572:Brétigny-sur-Orge
1509:Oulchy-le-Château
1326:Jagdgeschwader 53
1320:Jagdgeschwader 27
1314:Jagdgeschwader 26
1295:(KG 55) and
1280:Kampfgeschwader 4
1274:Kampfgeschwader 3
1268:Kampfgeschwader 2
1262:Kampfgeschwader 1
1208:VIII Fliegerkorps
1199:VIII Fliegerkorps
1150:Gruppenkommandeur
1135:I Fliegerdivision
1057:Battle of Dunkirk
920:Battle of Belgium
866:. By 3 June, the
832:Unternehmen Paula
826:
825:
221:
220:
151:Albert Kesselring
83:
82:
2522:
2495:Battle of France
2478:
2455:
2436:
2417:
2398:
2379:
2356:
2337:
2318:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2264:
2258:
2252:
2246:
2237:
2231:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2083:
2074:
2068:
2059:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1993:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1956:, pp. 8–11.
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1844:
1838:
1739:marshalling yard
1608:Illiers-l'Évêque
1562:. G.C. I/1 with
1359:IV. Fliegerkorps
1353:II. Fliegerkorps
1335:(ZG 2) and
1308:Jagdgeschwader 2
1303:fighter aircraft
1256:Lehrgeschwader 1
1229:Units from both
1045:Operation Yellow
1041:Unternehmen Gelb
1026:Panzer Divisions
924:Battle of France
876:Operation Dynamo
854:Battle of France
655:Atlantic Pockets
259:
255:Western Front of
247:
240:
233:
224:
223:
176:IV. Fliegerkorps
172:II. Fliegerkorps
149:
148:
138:
137:
128:Joseph Vuillemin
126:
125:
109:
108:
99:
98:
55:
54:
44:
23:
22:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2475:
2452:
2433:
2414:
2395:
2376:
2353:
2334:
2316:
2296:
2291:
2283:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2259:
2255:
2247:
2240:
2232:
2223:
2216:
2212:
2204:
2200:
2192:
2188:
2180:
2176:
2168:
2164:
2156:
2152:
2144:
2140:
2132:
2128:
2120:
2116:
2108:
2104:
2096:
2092:
2084:
2077:
2069:
2062:
2054:
2050:
2042:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1996:
1988:
1984:
1976:
1972:
1964:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1932:, pp. 5–8.
1928:
1924:
1920:, pp. 3–5.
1916:
1912:
1904:
1900:
1892:
1888:
1880:
1847:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1809:
1755:
1731:order of battle
1715:prisoner of war
1713:and taken as a
1707:Josef Kammhuber
1705:of KG 51,
1692:Gerd von Massow
1652:
1594:, G.C. II/3 at
1584:Dewoitine D.520
1544:
1511:, (JG 2);
1365:V. Fliegerkorps
1347:I. Fliegerkorps
1259:, (LG 1),
1244:Kampfgeschwader
1227:
1221:
1216:
1214:Forces involved
1204:order of battle
1107:Fliegerkorps II
1085:
1083:Luftwaffe plans
1070:Battle of Sedan
1036:, into a trap.
1030:English Channel
1005:Schlieffen Plan
950:Polish Campaign
926:
914:Main articles:
912:
829:
828:
827:
822:
549:St Nazaire Raid
501:The Hardest Day
368:Fort Eben-Emael
354:Rotterdam Blitz
312:The Netherlands
260:
256:
253:
251:
213:
211:
209:
182:
180:V. Fliegerkorps
178:
174:
170:
168:I. Fliegerkorps
143:
142:
132:
120:
103:
93:
71:
45:
35:of World War II
26:Operation Paula
19:
12:
11:
5:
2528:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2480:
2479:
2473:
2456:
2450:
2442:Heinkel He 111
2437:
2431:
2418:
2412:
2399:
2393:
2380:
2374:
2357:
2351:
2338:
2332:
2319:
2314:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2277:
2265:
2253:
2238:
2236:, p. 264.
2221:
2210:
2198:
2186:
2174:
2172:, p. 188.
2162:
2150:
2138:
2126:
2114:
2102:
2090:
2075:
2060:
2048:
2033:
2031:, p. 263.
2021:
2009:
1994:
1992:, p. 114.
1982:
1970:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1910:
1898:
1886:
1845:
1843:, p. 180.
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1754:
1751:
1651:
1648:
1566:were based at
1543:
1540:
1531:(JG 53).
1515:(JG 27);
1503:(JG 26);
1479:(ZG 76);
1449:were based at
1417:were based at
1329:(JG 53),
1323:(JG 27),
1317:(JG 26),
1289:(KG 54),
1250:Jagdgeschwader
1223:Main article:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1194:Wing Commander
1170:Enigma machine
1130:Ulrich Grauert
1113:Fliegerkorps V
1084:
1081:
1014:Heinz Guderian
984:chief of staff
969:Western Allies
946:Saar Offensive
911:
908:
864:Western Europe
849:Armée de l'Air
824:
823:
821:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
789:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
742:
741:
727:
720:
713:
712:
711:
706:
694:
687:
680:
673:
658:
657:
652:
647:
642:
635:
630:
625:
618:
613:
611:HĂĽrtgen Forest
608:
601:
596:
594:Siegfried Line
591:
584:
577:
570:
559:
558:
557:
556:
551:
544:Commando Raids
541:
539:Baedeker Blitz
536:
529:
516:
515:
508:
503:
498:
493:
480:
479:
478:
477:
467:
460:
455:
450:
449:
448:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
398:
397:
392:
387:
382:
375:
370:
357:
356:
351:
346:
344:The Grebbeberg
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
308:
307:
294:
293:
286:
281:
276:
265:
262:
261:
250:
249:
242:
235:
227:
219:
218:
215:
210:906 casualties
205:
204:
200:
199:
196:
192:
191:
187:
186:
165:
159:
158:
157:Units involved
154:
153:
130:
117:
116:
112:
111:
101:
90:
89:
85:
84:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
69:
67:
63:
62:
59:
51:
50:
47:Heinkel He 111
37:
36:
28:
27:
21:
20:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2527:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2354:
2348:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2286:
2281:
2274:
2269:
2263:, p. 63.
2262:
2257:
2251:, p. 81.
2250:
2245:
2243:
2235:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2219:
2214:
2208:, p. 80.
2207:
2202:
2195:
2190:
2183:
2178:
2171:
2166:
2160:, p. 78.
2159:
2154:
2147:
2142:
2135:
2130:
2123:
2118:
2111:
2106:
2099:
2094:
2087:
2082:
2080:
2072:
2067:
2065:
2057:
2052:
2046:, p. 81.
2045:
2040:
2038:
2030:
2025:
2019:, p. 35.
2018:
2013:
2007:, p. 82.
2006:
2001:
1999:
1991:
1986:
1979:
1974:
1967:
1962:
1955:
1950:
1944:, p. 42.
1943:
1938:
1931:
1926:
1919:
1914:
1908:, p. 10.
1907:
1902:
1896:, p. 62.
1895:
1890:
1884:, p. 84.
1883:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1788:air supremacy
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1761:
1760:over claiming
1750:
1748:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1670:
1669:heavy bombers
1666:
1661:
1657:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1636:night fighter
1633:
1629:
1628:Claye-Souilly
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1612:Curtiss H-75s
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1564:Bloch MB.152s
1561:
1557:
1556:Caudron C.714
1553:
1549:
1539:
1537:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1491:(ZG 2);
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1419:Aschaffenburg
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1311:(JG 2),
1310:
1309:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1287:
1283:(KG 4),
1282:
1281:
1277:(KG 3),
1276:
1275:
1271:(KG 2),
1270:
1269:
1265:(KG 1),
1264:
1263:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1245:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1163:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1125:Generaloberst
1121:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1097:(Air Fleet 3)
1096:
1095:
1089:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1049:Manstein Plan
1046:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1001:
1000:Low Countries
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
978:
974:
973:General Staff
970:
965:
963:
962:
957:
956:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
934:Western Front
931:
925:
921:
917:
907:
905:
904:
898:
893:
891:
890:air supremacy
887:
886:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
860:
855:
851:
850:
845:
841:
837:
833:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
795:
794:
793:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
740:
739:
735:
734:
733:
732:
728:
726:
725:
721:
719:
718:
714:
710:
707:
705:
702:
701:
700:
699:
695:
693:
692:
688:
686:
685:
681:
679:
678:
674:
672:
671:
667:
666:
665:
664:
663:
656:
653:
651:
650:Colmar Pocket
648:
646:
643:
641:
640:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
623:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
606:
605:Market Garden
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
589:
585:
583:
582:
578:
576:
575:
571:
569:
566:
565:
564:
563:
555:
552:
550:
547:
546:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
534:
530:
528:
527:
523:
522:
521:
520:
514:
513:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
488:
487:
486:
485:
476:
475:Haddock Force
473:
472:
471:
468:
466:
465:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
447:
446:
442:
441:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
406:
405:
404:
403:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
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371:
369:
366:
365:
364:
363:
362:
355:
352:
350:
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345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
316:
315:
314:
313:
306:
305:Schuster Line
303:
302:
301:
300:
299:
292:
291:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
271:
270:
269:
263:
258:
248:
243:
241:
236:
234:
229:
228:
225:
216:
207:
206:
201:
197:
194:
193:
188:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
166:
164:
161:
160:
155:
152:
147:
141:
136:
131:
129:
124:
119:
118:
113:
107:
102:
97:
92:
91:
86:
78:
75:
74:
70:Paris, France
68:
65:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
48:
43:
38:
34:
33:Western Front
29:
24:
16:
2482:
2460:
2441:
2422:
2403:
2384:
2361:
2342:
2323:
2305:
2294:Bibliography
2280:
2268:
2256:
2249:Jackson 1974
2213:
2206:Jackson 1974
2201:
2189:
2177:
2165:
2153:
2141:
2129:
2117:
2105:
2093:
2051:
2024:
2012:
1985:
1973:
1961:
1949:
1937:
1925:
1913:
1901:
1889:
1836:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1765:
1756:
1746:
1743:
1722:
1718:
1702:
1699:Werner Junck
1695:
1686:
1682:
1676:
1660:Eiffel Tower
1653:
1639:
1620:Émerainville
1547:
1545:
1535:
1533:
1473:Köln-Ostheim
1466:
1459:Ettinghausen
1446:
1414:
1388:
1381:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1336:
1330:
1324:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1296:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1238:Luftflotte 3
1236:
1232:Luftflotte 2
1230:
1228:
1207:
1197:
1187:
1178:
1168:
1166:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1139:
1133:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1105:
1102:Hugo Sperrle
1100:
1094:Luftflotte 3
1092:
1074:
1061:Belgian Army
1053:British Army
1040:
1038:
1010:Adolf Hitler
1003:
991:
987:
980:Franz Halder
966:
959:
953:
930:Nazi Germany
927:
901:
894:
883:
868:British Army
857:
847:
831:
830:
791:
790:
737:
730:
723:
716:
696:
690:
683:
676:
669:
660:
659:
638:
621:
604:
587:
580:
573:
561:
560:
532:
525:
518:
517:
511:
482:
481:
463:
462:
444:
400:
399:
378:
359:
358:
310:
309:
296:
295:
288:
266:
257:World War II
195:120 fighters
162:
140:Hugo Sperrle
88:Belligerents
31:Part of the
15:
2302:Bond, Brian
2285:Hooton 2007
2273:Hooton 2007
2261:Mackay 2003
2234:Hooton 1994
2194:Hooton 2007
2182:Hooton 2007
2158:Hooton 2007
2086:Hooton 2007
2071:Hooton 2007
2056:Hooton 2007
2044:Hooton 2007
2029:Hooton 1994
2005:Hooton 2007
1978:Hooton 2007
1894:Mackay 2003
1882:Hooton 2007
1784:German Army
1768:French Army
1671:during the
1624:Coulommiers
1485:Neufchâteau
1439:Delmenhorst
1423:Schweinfurt
1399:Kirchenburg
1391:Trier-Euren
1068:during the
942:French Army
880:French Army
691:Blockbuster
599:Netherlands
554:Dieppe Raid
349:Afsluitdijk
274:River Forth
61:3 June 1940
2489:Categories
1954:Healy 2008
1930:Healy 2008
1918:Healy 2008
1906:Chant 1987
1841:Chant 1987
1824:References
1747:Flammbombe
1709:, who was
1650:The battle
1497:La Capelle
1493:Le Touquet
1468:Geschwader
1065:Dutch Army
996:Luxembourg
938:Phoney War
936:named the
910:Background
842:offensive
698:Lumberjack
568:Baby Blitz
533:Donnerkeil
491:Kanalkampf
414:Montcornet
319:Maastricht
298:Luxembourg
268:Phoney War
2017:Weal 2000
1966:Bond 1975
1942:Bond 1975
1829:Citations
1776:artillery
1753:Aftermath
1644:Potez 631
1632:Connantre
1580:Deauville
1568:Chantilly
1481:Darmstadt
1477:Abbeville
1431:GĂĽtersloh
1407:Heilbronn
1395:Wengerohr
988:Fall Gelb
859:Wehrmacht
844:operation
840:Luftwaffe
798:The Blitz
781:Nuremberg
776:Heilbronn
761:Frankfurt
746:Paderborn
724:Undertone
677:Veritable
670:Blackcock
562:1944–1945
519:1941–1943
453:Abbeville
334:Rotterdam
329:The Hague
2304:(1975),
1807:See also
1801:Fall Rot
1796:Fall Rot
1792:Fall Rot
1735:railways
1667:(USAAF)
1656:scramble
1638:units, (
1529:La Selve
1489:Freiburg
1435:Fassberg
1427:WĂĽrzburg
1411:Eutingen
1076:Fall Rot
1022:Ardennes
998:and the
885:Fall Rot
836:codename
766:WĂĽrzburg
645:2nd Alps
639:Nordwind
581:Chastity
574:Overlord
526:Cerberus
512:Sea Lion
496:Adlertag
470:1st Alps
429:Boulogne
385:Gembloux
290:Wikinger
212:254 dead
190:Strength
66:Location
1618:–
1600:Gaucher
1536:Gruppen
1517:Épernay
1505:Couvron
1501:Étaples
1455:Kirtorf
1451:Giessen
1138:, III./
977:General
872:Dunkirk
786:Hamburg
756:TF Baum
738:Varsity
731:Plunder
709:Cologne
704:Remagen
684:Grenade
662:Germany
628:Scheldt
588:Dragoon
484:Britain
439:Dunkirk
361:Belgium
339:Zeeland
110:Germany
2471:
2448:
2429:
2410:
2391:
2372:
2349:
2330:
2312:
1696:Oberst
1688:Oberst
1616:Lognes
1542:French
1447:Gruppe
1415:Gruppe
1219:German
1180:Oberst
982:, the
922:, and
771:Kassel
717:Gisela
616:Aachen
445:Dynamo
434:Calais
419:Saumur
402:France
390:La Lys
373:Hannut
100:France
76:Result
1780:tanks
1772:Somme
1719:Paula
1592:Esbly
1588:Meaux
1560:Dreux
1521:Douzy
1513:Guise
1443:Lille
1403:Reims
1305:from
1175:Ultra
1154:Paula
897:Corps
633:Bulge
622:Queen
464:Paula
458:Lille
424:Arras
409:Sedan
379:David
2469:ISBN
2446:ISBN
2427:ISBN
2408:ISBN
2389:ISBN
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