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OpenDocument technical specification

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892:" files. This smaller size is important for organizations who store a vast number of documents for long periods of time, and to those organizations who must exchange documents over low bandwidth connections. Once uncompressed, most data is contained in simple text-based XML files, so the uncompressed data contents have the typical ease of modification and processing of XML files. The standard also allows for the creation of a single XML document, which uses 161:. Single OpenDocument XML files are not widely used, they are also unsupported on some office software which claims to support ODF (Microsoft Office applications version 2007 to 2013 do not recognize them). Filename extensions for a single OpenDocument XML documents are not defined in the OpenDocument technical specification, but commonly used are 776:), and other properties set. Paragraphs can have their vertical space controlled through attributes on keep together, widow, and orphan, and have other attributes such as "drop caps" to provide special formatting. The list is extremely extensive; see the references (in particular the actual standard) for details. 729:
Page layout is controlled by a variety of attributes. These include page size, number format, paper tray, print orientation, margins, border (and its line width), padding, shadow, background, columns, print page order, first page number, scale, table centering, maximum footnote height and separator,
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of each layer is defined. Available drawing shapes include Rectangle, Line, Polyline, Polygon, Regular Polygon, Path, Circle, Ellipse, and Connector. 3D Shapes are also available; the format includes information about the Scene, Light, Cube, Sphere, Extrude, and Rotate (it is intended for use as for
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OpenDocument also supports a set of template types. Templates represent formatting information (including styles) for documents, without the content themselves. The recommended filename extension begins with ".ot" (interpretable as short for "OpenDocument template"), with the last letter indicating
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for graphics. These are easily remembered by considering ".od" as being short for "OpenDocument", and then noting that the last letter indicates its more specific type (such as t for text). Here is the complete list of document types, showing the type of file, the recommended file extension, and the
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The OpenDocument specification does not specify which elements and attributes conforming applications must, should, or may support. Even typical office applications may only support a subset of the elements and attributes defined in the specification. The specification contains a non-normative table
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is a separate folder for a document thumbnail. The thumbnail must be saved as “thumbnail.png”. A thumbnail representation of a document should be generated by default when the file is saved. It should be a representation of the first page, first sheet, etc. of the document. The required size for the
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When an element has office:version="1.1" the element and its content are based on the OpenDocument v1.1 specification. For office:version="1.0" the element and its content are based on the OpenDocument v1.0 specification. When an element has office:version omitted, the element is based on a version
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Use of Microsoft Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) objects limits the interoperability, because these objects are not widely supported in programs for viewing or editing files (e.g. embedding of other files inside the file, such as tables or charts from a spreadsheet application in a text document
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As noted above, the OpenDocument format can describe text documents (for example, those typically edited by a word processor), spreadsheets, presentations, drawings/graphics, images, charts, mathematical formulas, and "master documents" (which can combine them). It can also represent templates for
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ODF 1.2 defines precisely the conformance needs. The specification defines conformance for documents, consumers, and producers, with two conformance classes called conforming and extended conforming. It further defines conforming text, spreadsheet, drawing, presentation, chart, image, formula and
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is just a one-line file with the mimetype of the document. One implication of this is that the file extension is actually immaterial to the format. The file extension is only there for the benefit of the user. It is important to note that this special file is always the first file entry in the ZIP
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Charts define how to create graphical displays from numerical data. They support titles, subtitles, a footer, and a legend to explain the chart. The format defines the series of data that is to be used for the graphical display, and a number of different kinds of graphical displays (such as line
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Presentations are supported. Users can include animations in presentations, with control over the sound, showing a shape or text, hiding a shape or text, or dimming something, and these can be grouped. In OpenDocument, much of the format capabilities are reused from the text format, simplifying
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Pictures is a separate folder for images included in the document. This folder is not defined in the OpenDocument specification. Files in this folder can use various image formats, depending on the format of inserted file. While the image data may have an arbitrary format, it is recommended that
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Conforming applications either shall read documents that are valid against the OpenDocument schema if all foreign elements and attributes are removed before validation takes place, or shall write documents that are valid against the OpenDocument schema if all foreign elements and attributes are
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OpenDocument's text content format supports both typical and advanced capabilities. Headings of various levels, lists of various kinds (numbered and not), numbered paragraphs, and change tracking are all supported. Page sequences and section attributes can be used to control how the text is
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with different filename extensions and with a defined structure of sub-documents. Each sub-document within a package has a different document root and stores a particular aspect of the XML document. All types of documents (e.g. text and spreadsheet documents) use the same set of document and
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attribute shall be present in each and every <office:document>, <office:document-content>, <office:document-styles>, <office:document-meta>, and <office:document-settings> element in the XML documents that comprise an OpenDocument 1.2 document. The value of the
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types are included in the official standard (OASIS, May 1, 2005, and its later revisions or versions). The MIME types and extensions contained in the ODF specification are applicable only to office documents that are contained in a package. Office documents that conform to the OpenDocument
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Documents that conform to the OpenDocument specification may contain elements and attributes not specified within the OpenDocument schema. Such elements and attributes must not be part of a namespace that is defined within the specification and are called foreign elements and attributes.
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META-INF is a separate folder. Information about the files contained in the OpenDocument package is stored in an XML file called the manifest file. The manifest file is always stored at the pathname META-INF/manifest.xml. The main pieces of information stored in the manifest are:
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The OpenDocument format implements spreadsheets as sets of tables. Thus it features extensive capabilities for formatting the display of tables and spreadsheets. OpenDocument also supports database ranges, filters, and "data pilots" (known in Microsoft Excel contexts as
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The allowed syntax of table:formula was not defined in sufficient detail in the OpenDocument version 1.0 specification, which defined spreadsheet formulas using a set of simple examples showing, for example, how to specify ranges and the SUM() function. The
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removed before validation takes place. Conforming applications that read and write documents may preserve foreign elements and attributes. In addition to this, conforming applications should preserve meta information and the content of styles.
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A checksum of a portion of the compressed file is computed (SHA-1 of the file contents, or SHA-1 of the first 1024 bytes of the file, or SHA-256 of the first 1024 bytes of the file) and stored so password correctness can be verified when
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industry consortium. A variety of organizations developed the standard publicly and make it publicly accessible, meaning it can be implemented by anyone without restriction. The OpenDocument format aims to provide an open alternative to
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Due to the openly specified compression format used, it is possible for a user to extract the container file to manually edit the contained files. This allows repair of a corrupted file or low-level manipulation of the contents.
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The OpenDocument format provides a strong separation between content, layout and metadata. The most notable components of the format are described in the subsections below. The files in XML format are further defined using the
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archive and it is uncompressed. Because the ZIP header uses fields with fixed lengths, this allows the direct identification of the different OpenDocument formats without decompression of the content (e. g. with magic bytes).
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attribute. It is very important to use this attribute in flat XML files/single XML documents, where this is the only way the type of the document can be detected (in a package, the MIME type is also present in a separate file
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By design, OpenDocument reuses existing open XML standards whenever they are available, and it creates new tags only where no existing standard can provide the needed functionality. Thus OpenDocument uses a subset of
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A digest (hash) of the user entered password in UTF-8 encoding is created and passed to the package component. ODF versions 1.0 and 1.1 only mandate support for the SHA-1 digest here, while version 1.2 recommends
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The OpenDocument format is somewhat unusual in that using styles for formatting cannot be avoided. Even "manual" formatting is implemented through styles (the application dynamically makes new styles as needed).
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archive) containing a number of files and directories; but OpenDocument file can also consist only of a single XML document. An OpenDocument file is commonly a collection of several subdocuments within a (ZIP)
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The initialization vector and derived key are used to encrypt the compressed file contents. ODF 1.0 and 1.1 use Blowfish in 8-bit cipher feedback mode, while ODF 1.2 considers it a legacy algorithm and allows
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language for defining XML schemas. RELAX NG is itself defined by an OASIS specification, as well as by part two of the international standard ISO/IEC 19757: Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL).
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using HMAC-SHA-1 with a salt of arbitrary length (in ODF 1.2; it's 16 bytes in ODF 1.1 and below) generated by the random number generator for an arbitrary iteration count (1024 by default in ODF 1.2).
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If the file has a version known to an XML processor, it may validate the document. Otherwise, it is optional to validate the document, but the document must be well formed. It is not mandatory to use
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or presentation file). If a software that understands an OLE object is not available, the object is usually replaced by a picture (bitmap representation of the object) or not displayed at all.
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contains style information. OpenDocument makes heavy use of styles for formatting and layout. Most of the style information is here (though some is in content.xml). Styles types include:
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When an OpenDocument file is password protected the file structure of the bundle remains the same, but contents of XML files in the package are encrypted using following algorithm:
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The official OpenDocument standard version 1.0 (OASIS, May 1, 2005) defines OpenDocument's capabilities. The text below provides a brief summary of the format's capabilities.
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of the OpenDocument specification earlier than v1.2. In these cases and in the case of values other than "1.2", the elements do not comprise an OpenDocument 1.2 document.
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implementations. However, tables are not supported within OpenDocument as drawing objects, so may only be included in presentations as embedded tables.
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attribute identifies the version of ODF specification that defined the associated element, its schema, its complete content, and its interpretation.
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OpenDocument version 1.2 fully describes mathematical formulas displayable on-screen. It is fully capable of exchanging spreadsheet data, formats,
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Headers and footer can have defined fixed and minimum heights, margins, border line width, padding, background, shadow, and dynamic spacing.
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contains the file metadata. For example, Author, "Last modified by", date of last modification, etc. The contents look somewhat like this:
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Objects that do not have an XML representation. These objects only have a binary representation. An example for this kind of objects are
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office data exchange, and not sufficient to represent videos or other extensive 3D scenes). Custom shapes can also be defined.
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includes settings such as the zoom factor or the cursor position. These are properties that are not content or layout.
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Thisisaparagraph.Theformattinginformationis intheText_bodystyle.Theemptytext:ptagabove isablankparagraph(anemptyline).
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If a file stored in the package is encrypted, the information required to decrypt the file is stored in the manifest.
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The style and formatting controls are numerous, providing a number of controls over the display of information.
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database front end documents. Chapter 2 defines the basic requirements for the individual conformance targets.
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is not widely used. According to the OpenDocument 1.0 specification, the ZIP file specification is defined in
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that provides an overview which element and attributes usually are supported by typical office application.
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To indicate which version of the OpenDocument specification a file complies with, all root elements take an
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Conforming applications shall read documents containing processing instructions and should preserve them.
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The graphics format supports a vector graphic representation, in which a set of layers and the contents
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animations, and other files that are used by the document but cannot be expressed directly in the XML.
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Open Document Format (ISO/IEC 26300) / Office Open XML (ISO/IEC 29500) Translation Guidelines
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The random number generator is used to generate a random initialization vector for each file.
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The OpenDocument v1.1 specification was approved as OASIS Standard on 2 February 2007.
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bitmap graphics are stored in the PNG format and vector graphics in the SVG format.
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specification but are not contained in a package should use the MIME type text/xml.
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The OpenDocument format supports the following two ways of document representation:
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The OpenDocument v1.0 specification was approved as an OASIS Standard on 1 May 2005
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A document in OpenDocument format can contain two types of objects, as follows:
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OpenDocument Formula sub group therefore standardized the table:formula in the
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what kind of template (such as "t" for text). The supported set includes:
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Forms are specially supported, building on the existing XForms standard.
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Members Approve OpenDocument Format (ODF) Version 1.2 as OASIS Standard
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OpenOffice / OpenDocument and Microsoft Office 2007 / Open XML security
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The standard allows the inclusion of directories to store images, non-
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Objects that have an OpenDocument representation. These objects are:
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Discussion of a Linux shell script to reduce OpenDocument file sizes
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The most common file extensions used for OpenDocument documents are
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According to the OpenDocument 1.0 specification, OLE is defined in
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The zipped set of files and directories includes the following:
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This digest is used to produce a derived key by undergoing
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There are many attributes for specific text, paragraphs,
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application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template
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thumbnails is 128x128 pixel. In order to conform to the
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application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template
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Kraig Brockschmidt, Inside OLE, Microsoft Press, 1995,
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as the root element, for use in document processing.
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An OpenDocument file commonly consists of a standard
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application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template
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application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula-template
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collection of several sub-documents within a package
1713:"Zip reference is neither public nor authoritative" 1152:The names of the <dc:...> tags come from the 1291:Version 1.2 became an OASIS Standard on 2011-09-29 1288:Version 1.1 became an OASIS Standard on 2007-02-07 1285:Version 1.0 became an OASIS Standard on 2005-05-01 535:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image-template 507:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template 451:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template 1906: 1571: 277:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation 1304:attribute. The version number is in the format 347:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master 263:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet 1643:"ACC: Why OLE Objects Cause Databases to Grow" 1552:"SoftMaker Office 2006 beta: Not a killer app" 1483: 1419:MIME types - OpenSolaris Default Applications 73: 1227: 800:specification. For more information see the 549:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web 393:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database 291:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics 1211:The media type of each file in the package. 319:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula 1693:"NEEDS-DISCUSSION: ZIP reference - N 1309" 1208:A list of all of the files in the package. 816:The file contents are compressed with the 364:not defined in ODF 1.0/1.1 specifications; 112: 80: 66: 1337:office:version attribute shall be "1.2". 1182: 575:The OpenDocument format supports storing 333:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image 305:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart 1324:attribute in ODF 1.0 and ODF 1.1 files. 377:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.base 249:application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text 177:The recommended filename extensions and 1218: 1198: 779: 404:all OpenDocument single/flat XML files 1907: 882:Info-ZIP Application Note 970311, 1997 1782: 1598:"OLE object - bitmap representation?" 1295: 858: 141:... etc. The package is a standard 13: 1308:(e.g. office:version="1.1"). The 1170: 185:The MIME type is also used in the 14: 1931: 1881: 1762:"OpenDocument v1.1 Specification" 730:and many layout grid properties. 1349: 689:Formulas (represented as MathML) 671:charts, pie charts, and so on). 94:technical specifications of the 1824: 1804: 1754: 1726: 1705: 1685: 1660: 1635: 1615: 1590: 1572:Philippe Lagadec (2006-11-30), 1159: 558: 214:for presentation programs, and 1874:OpenDocument 1.0 specification 1868:OpenDocument 1.1 specification 1862:OpenDocument 1.2 specification 1856:OpenDocument 1.3 specification 1565: 1544: 1523: 1498: 1477: 1457: 1436: 1410: 1385: 1344: 1315: 970: 1: 1848: 1029: 807: 721: 361:application/vnd.sun.xml.base 1870:in ODT, HTML and PDF formats 1864:in ODT, HTML and PDF formats 1858:in ODT, HTML and PDF formats 1645:. 2007-01-19. Archived from 1508:. 2005-07-28. Archived from 1484:Bruce Byfield (2005-08-23). 1378: 1369: 876:. An OpenDocument file as a 419: 197: 7: 1268:Although not fully reusing 1193:Thumbnail Managing Standard 1102:<meta:document-statistic 1078:</meta:creation-date> 1061: 570: 382:used in OpenOffice.org 3.x 366:used in OpenOffice.org 2.x 92:This article describes the 10: 1936: 1327: 1279: 1074:<meta:creation-date> 677: 638: 610:Modification Date and Time 1228:Reuse of existing formats 146:sub-document definitions. 1920:Technical specifications 1071: 980: 644:displayed. Hyperlinks, 98:office document standard 1893:Application Media Types 894:<office:document> 113:Document representation 34:Technical specification 1183:Thumbnails (directory) 607:Creation Date and Time 159:Uncompressed XML Files 100:, as developed by the 1017:"Text_body" 1005:"Text_body" 989:"Heading_2" 1901:- ISO/IEC PDTR 29166 1219:Pictures (directory) 1199:META-INF (directory) 1099:</dc:language> 780:Spreadsheet formulas 206:for text documents, 1095:<dc:language> 1090:2005-06-29T22:02:06 1085:</dc:creator> 1076:2003-09-10T15:31:11 760: – 752: – 744: – 634:Document Statistics 613:Print Date and Time 151:single XML document 54:Software comparison 20:OpenDocument Format 1296:Versions detection 1081:<dc:creator> 622:Hyperlink Behavior 543:Web page template 440:ODF specification 238:ODF specification 210:for spreadsheets, 109:document formats. 1144:"98757" 1138:"16701" 616:Document Template 556: 555: 515:Formula template 417: 416: 398:IANA registration 90: 89: 1927: 1842: 1841: 1839: 1838: 1828: 1822: 1821: 1819: 1818: 1808: 1802: 1801: 1800: 1799: 1786: 1780: 1779: 1774: 1773: 1758: 1752: 1751: 1746: 1745: 1730: 1724: 1723: 1721: 1720: 1709: 1703: 1702: 1700: 1699: 1689: 1683: 1682: 1680: 1679: 1670:. Archived from 1664: 1658: 1657: 1655: 1654: 1639: 1633: 1632: 1630: 1629: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1610: 1609: 1600:. Archived from 1594: 1588: 1587: 1586: 1585: 1580: 1569: 1563: 1562: 1560: 1559: 1548: 1542: 1541: 1539: 1538: 1527: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1517: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1492: 1481: 1475: 1461: 1455: 1454: 1453: 1452: 1440: 1434: 1433: 1432: 1431: 1422:, archived from 1414: 1408: 1407: 1405: 1404: 1395:. Archived from 1389: 1335: 1323: 1311: 1306:revision.version 1303: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1141:character-count= 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1123:paragraph-count= 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1092:</dc:date> 1089: 1086: 1082: 1079: 1075: 1047:Character styles 1041:Paragraph styles 1025: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1009: 1006: 1003: 1000: 997: 993: 990: 987: 984: 891: 887: 859:Format internals 631:Editing Duration 619:Automatic Reload 428: 427: 341:Master Document 226: 225: 217: 213: 209: 205: 188: 172: 168: 164: 153:– also known as 140: 136: 132: 128: 82: 75: 68: 16: 15: 1935: 1934: 1930: 1929: 1928: 1926: 1925: 1924: 1905: 1904: 1884: 1879: 1851: 1846: 1845: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1829: 1825: 1816: 1814: 1810: 1809: 1805: 1797: 1795: 1788: 1787: 1783: 1771: 1769: 1760: 1759: 1755: 1743: 1741: 1732: 1731: 1727: 1718: 1716: 1711: 1710: 1706: 1697: 1695: 1691: 1690: 1686: 1677: 1675: 1666: 1665: 1661: 1652: 1650: 1641: 1640: 1636: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1616: 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1767: 1766:OASIS website 1763: 1757: 1750: 1739: 1738:OASIS website 1735: 1729: 1714: 1708: 1694: 1688: 1674:on 2008-06-02 1673: 1669: 1663: 1649:on 2009-12-13 1648: 1644: 1638: 1624: 1618: 1604:on 2011-07-24 1603: 1599: 1593: 1577: 1576: 1568: 1553: 1547: 1532: 1526: 1512:on 2010-02-04 1511: 1507: 1501: 1487: 1480: 1473: 1472: 1471:1-55615-843-2 1468: 1460: 1447: 1446: 1439: 1426:on 2011-07-16 1425: 1421: 1420: 1413: 1399:on 2017-11-25 1398: 1394: 1388: 1384: 1376: 1367: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1342: 1338: 1325: 1313: 1307: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1283: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1266: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1225: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1196: 1194: 1189: 1180: 1177: 1168: 1166: 1157: 1155: 1132:"2" 1114:"0" 1111:object-count= 1108:"6" 1083:DanielCarrera 1070: 1068: 1059: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1036: 979: 977: 968: 965: 953:thumbnail.png 952: 951: 949: 944: 943: 941: 940: 938: 933: 932: 930: 925: 922: 919: 916: 915: 913: 912: 911: 908: 904: 902: 897: 895: 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Index

OpenDocument Format
Standardization
Technical specification
OpenFormula
Adoption
Software
Software comparison
v
t
e
OpenDocument
OASIS
proprietary
ZIP file
MIME
MIME
IANA registration
metadata
ruby text
pivot tables

OLE
ruby text
serif
sans-serif
monospace
pivot tables
OASIS
OpenFormula
OpenFormula

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