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307:, would have been recognized by viewers of the painting because she was well known in Paris circles. She started modeling when she was sixteen years old and she also was an accomplished painter in her own right. Some of her paintings were exhibited in the Paris Salon. The familiarity with the identity of the model was a major reason this painting was considered shocking to viewers. A well known woman currently living in modern-day Paris could not simultaneously represent a historical or mythological woman.
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278:(c. 1534). Whereas the left hand of Titian's Venus is curled and appears to entice, Olympia's left hand appears to block, which has been interpreted as symbolic of her role as a prostitute, granting access to her body in return for payment. Manet replaced the little dog (symbol of fidelity) in Titian's painting with a black cat, a creature associated with nocturnal promiscuity. The aroused posture of the cat was provocative; in French,
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296:, also painted in 1863, Olympia is portrayed as a real woman whose nakedness is emphasized by the harsh lighting. The canvas alone is 130.5 Ă 190 cm (51.4 Ă 74.8 inches), which is rather large. Most paintings that were this size depicted historical or mythological events, so the size of the work, among other factors, caused surprise. Finally, Olympia is fairly thin by the artistic standards of the time.
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was reduced to disingenuously commenting on the work's formal qualities rather than acknowledging the subject matter, "You wanted a nude, and you chose
Olympia, the first that came along". He paid tribute to Manet's honesty, however: "When our artists give us Venuses, they correct nature, they lie.
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The black maid is not ... simply a darkly colored counterpart to
Olympia's whiteness, but rather an emblem of the dark, threatening, anomalous sexuality lurking just under Olympia's hand. At least, this is the fantasy Manet's servant figure may well have aroused in the male spectator of
282:(cat) is slang for female genitalia. Olympia disdainfully ignores the flowers presented to her by her servant, speculated by some to be a gift from one of her clients. Some have suggested that she could be looking in the direction of the door as her client barges in unannounced.
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flower in her hair, her bracelet, pearl earrings, the oriental shawl on which she lies, and the upright black cat are symbols of wealth and sensuality. The black ribbon around her neck, in contrast with her pale skin and cast-off slipper, emphasizes the voluptuous atmosphere.
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474:, Sapphire and Their Homegirls: Developing an Oppositional Gaze toward the Images of Black Women", Catherine West concludes that by claiming an oppositional gaze we can identify, criticize, resist and transform these and other oppressive images of Black women.
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The painting deviates from the academic canon in its style, characterized by broad, quick brushstrokes, studio lighting that eliminates mid-tones, large color surfaces, and shallow depth. Unlike the smooth idealized nude of
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perspectival logic that allows whiteness to function as the only subject of consideration". When paired with a lighter skin tone, the Black female model stands in as signifier to all of the racial stereotypes of the
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422:, have argued that it is not for artistic convention that Manet included Laure but to create an ideological binary between black and white, good and bad, clean and dirty and as such "inevitably reformulates the
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later recalled, "If the canvas of the
Olympia was not destroyed, it is only because of the precautions that were taken by the administration." The critics and the public condemned the work alike. Even
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447:", is a robot conveniently made to disappear into the background drapery. While the confrontational gaze of Olympia is often referenced as the pinnacle of defiance toward patriarchy, the
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1588:"Mark Shipway on Instagram: "Part 1 of a new Instagram series entitled Somms Recreating Old Masters, Sean Nelson & Hussain Askari's audaciousl attempt at EdouardâŠ""
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West, Carolyn M (1 January 2008). "Mammy, Jezebel, Sapphire and their homegirls: Developing an 'oppositional gaze' toward the images of Black women".
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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382:: "For God's sake! You've written about the white woman on the bed for fifty pages and more, and hardly mentioned the black woman alongside her!"
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of
Olympia's maid is ignored; she is part of the background with little to no attention given to the critical role of her presence.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing
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Many critics have applauded Manet in his use of white and black in the painting, an alternative to the tradition of
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There were also pictorial precedents for a nude white female, often pictured with a black female servant, such as
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Contemporary audiences were shocked by
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219:. Olympia's confrontational gaze caused shock and controversy when the painting was first exhibited at the 1865
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Andersen, Frits (2004). Karen-Margarethe
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From
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theory. While
Olympia looks directly at the viewer, her maid, too, is looking back. In her essay "
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Although originally overlooked, the figure of the maid in the painting, modelled by a woman named
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525:(c. 1510). The Titian has two fully clothed women, presumably servants, in the background.
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Brown, Timothy Paul (2001). "Black
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Répétition du "Joueur de flûte" et de "La femme de DiomÚde" chez le prince Napoléon
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Impressionist Quartet: The Intimate Genius of Manet and Morisot, Degas and Cassatt,
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The Judgment of Paris: The Revolutionary Decade that Gave the World Impressionism
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Arab Chiefs Challenging each other to Single Combat under the Ramparts of a City
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A Biography of Victorine-Louise Meurent and Her Role in the Art of Ădouard Manet
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Alias Olympia: A Woman's Search for Manet's Notorious Model & Her Own Desire
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900:"Revisiting the Female Gazes in Manet's 'Olympia' | Arts | The Harvard Crimson"
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130.5 cm Ă 190 cm (51.4 in Ă 74.8 in)
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Phylis A. Floyd, 19th Century Art Worldwide, 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
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was the first art historian to explicitly acknowledge the similarity to the
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O'Grady, Lorraine. "Olympia's Maid: Reclaiming Black Female Subjectivity".
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Bernheimer, Charles (1989). "Manet's Olympia: The Figuration of Scandal".
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The title of the painting is generally attributed to Manet's close friend
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The Painting of Modern Life: Paris in the Art of Manet and His Followers.
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waiting for a client; it has often been argued that Titian did the same.
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Jones, Amelia (2003). "The Oppositional Gaze: Black Female Spectator".
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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Reinventions of the Novel: Histories and Aesthetics of a Protean Genre
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stirred an even bigger uproar when it was first exhibited at the 1865
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Artists, Performers, and Black Masculinity in the Haitian Diaspora
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Dolan, Therese. "Fringe Benefits: Manet's Olympia and Her Shawl".
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Posing Modernity: The Black Model from Manet and Matisse to Today
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Posing Modernity: The Black Model from Manet and Matisse to Today
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762:"Somms Recreating Old Masters: Series 1", Mark Shipway, c. 2015.
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recounts of a friend's disbelief in the revised 1990 version of
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1465:"The 19th Century's Most Scandalous Painting Comes to New York"
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Zacharie Astruc: Critic, Artist and Japoniste (1833–1907)
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Revised edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, p.86.
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1676:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, pp. 65-80.
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1138:"Victorine Meurent: The Unvarnished Story of Manet's Muse"
828:"Ădouard Manet's Olympia by Beth Harris and Steven Zucker"
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Quoted in a different translation in Zola, Emile (2013).
812:(Garland Publishing: New York, 1978). ISBN 9780824032265
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Summary Execution under the Moorish Kings of Granada
1269:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, p. 2.
1174:. 7th ed. London: Laurence King Publishing, p. 708.
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A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
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1075:Moffitt, John F. "Provocative Felinity in Manet's
859:"Olympia | painting by Ădouard Manet | Britannica"
482:In January 2016, a Luxembourg performance artist,
300:thought thinness was more indecent than fatness.
3281:The Gallic Women: Episode from the Roman Invasion
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3560:The Road in Front of Saint-Simeon Farm in Winter
454:O'Grady points out that we know she represents '
1620:. New York: Waller & Company, pp. 105-108.
1452:Manet/Degas, September 24, 2023âJanuary 7, 2024
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509:In part, the painting was inspired by Titian's
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1686:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
362:of our time, whom you meet on the sidewalks."
83:accompanying your translation by providing an
49:Click for important translation instructions.
36:expand this article with text translated from
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582:(1814). Manet did not depict a goddess or an
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1999:The Battle of the Kearsarge and the Alabama
1919:Mademoiselle V. in the Costume of an Espada
1508:p. 35; Beruete y Moret, Aureliano. (1922).
925:"Provocative Felinity in Manet's "Olympia""
713:Three Quarters of Olympia Minus the Servant
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4196:Objet décoratif carré avec dieux tahitiens
3255:Reception of the Grand Condé at Versailles
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533:in 1897. There is also some similarity to
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4084:The Return from Fishing: Hauling the Boat
2357:Portrait of Marguerite Gauthier-Lathuille
1548:. Indiana University Press. p. 178.
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791:
3352:Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets
2167:Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets
1760:. Diss. The Ohio State University, 1986.
1210:
1006:"Manet's "Olympia": If Looks Could Kill"
1003:
730:Crown Hotel (Mona Lisa Black Background)
314:
4131:Nature Unveiling Herself Before Science
3307:The Excommunication of Robert the Pious
1541:
1386:. New York: Routledge. pp. 94â105.
1384:The Feminism and Visual Cultural Reader
1366:
1278:
922:
656:(circa 1797â1800), known in English as
8177:Race-related controversies in painting
8129:
4000:Imperial Fritillaries in a Copper Vase
3744:Avenue of Poplars near Moret-sur-Loing
1462:
1369:The Feminism and Visual Culture Reader
1283:. London: Routledge. pp. 315â316.
970:Millett-Gallant, Ann (3 August 2010).
747:Odalisque I. Looking at Manet. Olympia
723:Untitled (Detail of Maid from Olympia)
515:(c. 1534), which in turn derives from
7731:Six Characters in Search of an Author
4878:
4243:
4116:
4105:
3774:Regatta at Molesey near Hampton Court
3424:Portrait of Monsieur and Madame Manet
2678:
2650:
2612:
1855:Portrait of Monsieur and Madame Manet
1767:
1637:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
1537:
1535:
1533:
1381:
1328:
1237:
973:The Disabled Body in Contemporary Art
341:had sparked controversy in 1863, his
238:when it was first exhibited in 1865.
211:The figure of Olympia was modeled by
3680:Portrait of the Painter Claude Monet
3530:A Cart on the Snowy Road at Honfleur
3333:The Quai Saint-Michel and Notre-Dame
3218:Self-Portrait with the Yellow Christ
1396:
1061:, vol. 97, no. 4, 2015, pp. 409â429.
405:. Charles Bernheimer has responded,
310:
268:The painting takes inspiration from
18:
8172:Obscenity controversies in painting
2223:Claude Monet Painting in his Studio
2127:Departure of the Folkestone Steamer
2063:The Execution of Emperor Maximilian
1649:A Woman with No Clothes On: A Novel
1400:Lectures on the psychology of women
1081:Source: Notes in the History of Art
572:(1842). Comparison is also made to
13:
6933:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
3762:Chemin de la Machine, Louveciennes
3618:The Luxembourg Station in Brussels
3418:Portrait of Marguerite de Conflans
2293:The Rue Mosnier Dressed with Flags
2239:Portrait of Marguerite de Conflans
1696:. New York: The Viking Press, Inc.
1663:
1530:
1083:, vol. 14, no. 1, 1994, pp. 21â31.
976:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 31.
773:List of paintings by Ădouard Manet
14:
8193:
4269:
4060:Portrait of Robert de Montesquiou
3400:The Port of Boulogne by Moonlight
2159:Effect of Snow on Petit-Montrouge
2119:The Port of Boulogne by Moonlight
1793:
1754:Seibert, Margaret Mary Armbrust.
1700:
365:
95:{{Translated|tr|Olympia (tablo)}}
8113:
8112:
4360:
3994:Doctor Gachet's Garden in Auvers
3786:Rue de la Chaussée in Argenteuil
3105:Arab Horses Fighting in a Stable
3052:Café-Concert at Les Ambassadeurs
2373:Madame Manet in the Conservatory
1713:
1441:from the original on 2022-05-23.
1194:. London: Pallas Athene, p. 80.
667:
640:
619:
595:
414:According to Timothy Paul, some
127:
23:
3073:Portraits at the Stock Exchange
1580:
1562:
1518:
1498:
1489:
1456:
1445:
1419:
1390:
1375:
1322:
1287:
1272:
1256:
1231:
1204:
1184:
1160:
1149:from the original on 2020-09-28
1135:Smith, H. (13 September 2016).
1128:
1109:
1086:
8147:Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay
7880:Grosvenor School of Modern Art
7873:Fourth dimension in literature
4434:First Impressionist Exhibition
4106:
4030:Pasteur's portrait by Edelfelt
3792:View of the Canal Saint-Martin
3524:The Artist's Garden at Giverny
3358:Blonde Woman with Bare Breasts
3268:A Session of the Painting Jury
2301:Blonde Woman with Bare Breasts
2199:Masked Ball at the Opera House
2015:Jesus Insulted by the Soldiers
1242:. Princeton University Press.
1115:Main, V. R. (3 October 2008).
997:
963:
916:
892:
876:
851:
802:
93:You may also add the template
1:
4904:
4600:Marc-AurÚle de Foy Suzor-Coté
3668:Frédéric Bazille at his Easel
3430:Portrait of Stéphane Mallarmé
3092:Boabdil's Farewell to Granada
2995:The Romans in their Decadence
2888:Vue de toits (Effet de neige)
2749:The Improvised Field Hospital
2679:
2320:
2305:
2282:
2254:Portrait of Stéphane Mallarmé
2243:
2031:Bullfight â Death of the Bull
1911:Portrait of Victorine Meurent
1281:Dictionary of Artists' Models
1125:. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
1099:. London: Allen Lane, p. 57.
796:
733:, Jean-Michel Basquiat, 1982.
725:, Jean-Michel Basquiat, 1982.
675:Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
611:(c. 1510), also known as the
504:
215:, and that of her servant by
200:. The painting is now in the
2651:
2509:White Lilacs in a Glass Vase
2429:Portrait of Countess Albazzi
1542:Braziel, Jana Evans (2008).
1463:Farago, Jason (2023-09-09).
7:
7973:List of avant-garde artists
6957:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
4769:French impressionist cinema
3979:Starry Night Over the RhĂŽne
3854:The Resurrection of Lazarus
3644:Bal du moulin de la Galette
3224:Tahitian Women on the Beach
3175:A Studio at Les Batignolles
2913:Portrait of Gustave Geffroy
2564:A Studio at Les Batignolles
2485:A Bar at the Folies-BergĂšre
1983:The Dead Christ with Angels
1959:Young Man Dressed as a Majo
1240:The Painting of Modern Life
1010:Notes in the History of Art
929:Notes in the History of Art
766:
697:, Paul CĂ©zanne, c. 1873/74.
386:was created 15 years after
380:The Painting of Modern Life
10:
8198:
8152:Paintings by Ădouard Manet
7831:Classical Hollywood cinema
4810:Pennsylvania Impressionism
4358:
3686:Portrait of William Sisley
3554:Resting Under a Lilac Bush
3505:Shepherdess with her Flock
3067:The Orchestra at the Opera
2787:Ploughing in the Nivernais
2405:Self-Portrait with Palette
1651:. London: Delancey Press.
1607:
1004:Mitchell, Dolores (1994).
688:
495:Metropolitan Museum of Art
241:
192:is a 1863 oil painting by
57:Machine translation, like
8167:Prostitution in paintings
8142:Paintings of black people
8094:
7772:
7613:
7481:
7321:
7077:
7066:
6909:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
6863:
6689:
6249:
5732:
5723:
5600:
5384:
5126:
5117:
4912:
4864:Pays des Impressionnistes
4833:
4777:
4751:
4658:Giovanni Battista Ciolina
4633:
4571:
4514:
4442:
4426:
4400:
4369:
4279:
4219:
4144:Woman Bitten by a Serpent
4112:
4101:
4069:
4039:
4015:
3943:
3919:
3876:
3826:
3768:The Forge at Marly-le-Roi
3388:Madame Manet at the Piano
3376:Flowers in a Crystal Vase
2856:Three Women with Parasols
2689:
2685:
2674:
2657:
2646:
2590:
2555:
2519:
2501:Flowers in a Crystal Vase
2215:Berthe Morisot with a Fan
2087:Madame Manet at the Piano
1991:The Kearsarge at Boulogne
1935:The Luncheon on the Grass
1847:Portrait of Madame Brunet
1801:
1712:
1707:
1511:Goya as portrait painter,
1504:Meyers, Jeffrey. (2004).
1343:10.1080/09528820108576913
1022:10.1086/sou.13.3.23204895
941:10.1086/sou.14.1.23205579
923:Moffitt, John F. (1994).
477:
333:The Luncheon on the Grass
171:
163:
153:
145:
135:
126:
121:
38:the corresponding article
16:Painting by Ădouard Manet
5694:The Master and Margarita
4800:Decorative Impressionism
4795:California Impressionism
3206:The Schuffenecker Family
2882:Les raboteurs de parquet
2389:Corner of a Café-Concert
1170:and Fleming, J. (2009).
7980:List of modernist poets
7866:Fourth dimension in art
7049:Meshes of the Afternoon
4820:Synthetic impressionism
4785:Amsterdam Impressionism
4610:Helen Galloway McNicoll
4461:Frederick Carl Frieseke
3910:What is Called Vagrancy
3536:Le DĂ©jeuner sur l'herbe
3370:Le DĂ©jeuner sur l'herbe
3163:The Corner of the Table
2774:Pilgrims going to Mecca
1631:Lipton, Eunice (1999).
1279:Lathers, Marie (2013).
337:Le déjeuner sur l'herbe
303:The model for Olympia,
104:For more guidance, see
8064:Second Viennese School
7806:
7795:
5706:The Sound and the Fury
5610:In Search of Lost Time
5067:
4996:
4985:
4939:
4928:
4491:Walter Elmer Schofield
3985:Portrait of Dr. Gachet
3798:The Village of Voisins
3756:The Canal Saint-Martin
3461:Luxe, Calme et Volupté
3412:Portrait of Emile Zola
3406:Portrait of Clemenceau
3212:Self-Portrait in a Hat
2901:The Hanged Man's House
2598:EugĂšne Manet (brother)
2349:Chez le PĂšre Lathuille
2103:Luncheon in the Studio
2071:Portrait of Emile Zola
2007:The Races at Longchamp
1895:Music in the Tuileries
1670:Hamilton, George Heard
1525:The Puzzle of Olympia.
1217:. Rodopi. p. 79.
1172:A World History of Art
792:References and sources
561:Odalisque with a Slave
412:
327:
8043:Reactionary modernism
7966:List of art movements
4718:WĆadysĆaw PodkowiĆski
4456:William Merritt Chase
4347:Pierre-Auguste Renoir
3891:Sailboats and Estuary
3548:Regatta at Argenteuil
3474:French Campaign, 1814
2818:Equality Before Death
2413:A Bundle of Asparagus
1674:Manet and His Critics
1238:Clark, T. J. (1984).
552:Esther with Odalisque
407:
318:
293:La naissance de VĂ©nus
106:Knowledge:Translation
77:copyright attribution
7887:Hanshinkan Modernism
7743:The Threepenny Opera
7659:Pelléas et Mélisande
4625:Robert Wakeham Pilot
4615:James Wilson Morrice
4496:John Henry Twachtman
3973:The Church at Auvers
3934:The Wheel of Fortune
3662:Dance in the Country
3605:The Fiancée of Belus
3442:A Sprig of Asparagus
3200:Breton Peasant Women
2970:The Painter's Studio
2542:Suzanne Manet (wife)
2421:A Sprig of Asparagus
2055:A Young Lady in 1866
2039:The Matador Saluting
1871:Boy Carrying a Sword
1831:The Absinthe Drinker
1647:Main, V. R. (2008).
1570:"Yasumasa Morimura,
717:Jean-Michel Basquiat
658:The Naked (or Nude)
7945:International Style
7695:Afternoon of a Faun
6981:Battleship Potemkin
6885:Mont Sainte-Victoir
4738:Philip Wilson Steer
4590:William Blair Bruce
4377:Gustave Caillebotte
4297:Gustave Caillebotte
4225:Musée des Augustins
3566:Women in the Garden
3194:The Beautiful Angel
3169:Homage to Delacroix
3046:The Bellelli Family
2717:In the Conservatory
2365:In the Conservatory
2079:Boy Blowing Bubbles
1823:Christ the Gardener
1815:The Barque of Dante
1437:. 18 January 2016.
1371:. pp. 174â187.
779:100 Great Paintings
484:Deborah De Robertis
8182:Paintings of women
7824:Buddhist modernism
7781:American modernism
7707:The Rite of Spring
5682:The Sun Also Rises
5658:The Magic Mountain
4847:The Impressionists
4815:Post-Impressionism
4693:Konstantin Korovin
4543:Frederick McCubbin
4387:Henry O. Havemeyer
4223:On display at the
4170:Virgin with a Lily
4054:Madame Charles Max
3750:The Canal du Loing
3674:Girls at the Piano
3480:The Siege of Paris
2964:L'Origine du monde
2958:A Burial at Ornans
2939:The Poor Fisherman
2869:The Birth of Venus
2800:The Birth of Venus
2743:The Family Reunion
2580:The Impressionists
2493:The House at Rueil
2461:Rochefort's Escape
2340:Georges Clemenceau
2331:Georges Clemenceau
1879:La Nymphe surprise
1863:The Spanish Singer
1469:The New York Times
959:– via JSTOR.
904:www.thecrimson.com
863:www.britannica.com
328:
298:Charles Baudelaire
85:interlanguage link
8124:
8123:
7852:Experimental film
7768:
7767:
7755:Waiting for Godot
7062:
7061:
5719:
5718:
5622:The Metamorphosis
4872:
4871:
4805:Neo-Impressionism
4673:Antoine Guillemet
4653:Marie Bracquemond
4620:Laura Muntz Lyall
4486:Theodore Robinson
4481:Lilla Cabot Perry
4317:Armand Guillaumin
4237:
4236:
4215:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4092:
3867:Whistler's Mother
3705:The Snake Charmer
3656:Dance in the City
3118:Homage to CĂ©zanne
2945:The Turtle Seller
2850:The Lady in White
2670:
2669:
2606:
2605:
2532:Victorine Meurent
1887:The Street Singer
1839:Spanish Cavaliers
1809:List of paintings
1746:Phylis A. Floyd,
1731:
1730:
1657:978-0-9539119-7-4
1572:Portrait (Futago)
1555:978-0-253-21978-7
1434:Independent.co.uk
1249:978-0-691-00903-2
1200:978-1-84368-090-1
1117:"The naked truth"
983:978-0-230-10997-1
808:Sharon Flescher,
782:, 1980 BBC series
741:Yasumasa Morimura
737:Portrait (Futago)
648:Francisco de Goya
586:but a high-class
488:indecent exposure
449:oppositional gaze
420:Lorraine O' Grady
311:Critical reaction
305:Victorine Meurent
288:Alexandre Cabanel
213:Victorine Meurent
185:
184:
117:
116:
50:
46:
8189:
8116:
8115:
8087:
8085:Vulgar modernism
8080:
8078:Underground film
8073:
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8059:
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8038:
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8017:
8010:
8003:
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7961:
7954:
7947:
7940:
7931:
7924:
7917:
7910:
7903:
7901:Hippie modernism
7896:
7889:
7882:
7875:
7868:
7861:
7854:
7847:
7840:
7833:
7826:
7819:
7817:Bloomsbury Group
7812:
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7005:Un Chien Andalou
6999:
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6969:Ballet MĂ©canique
6963:
6962:
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6897:The Starry Night
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6226:Toulouse-Lautrec
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4987:Der Blaue Reiter
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4849:(2006 TV series)
4841:Wilfrid de Glehn
4713:NadeĆŸda PetroviÄ
4678:Nazmi Ziya GĂŒran
4577:
4520:
4471:Alphonse Maureau
4448:
4418:Ambroise Vollard
4408:Paul Durand-Ruel
4364:
4342:Camille Pissarro
4287:Frédéric Bazille
4273:
4264:
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3964:Bedroom in Arles
3954:
3930:
3900:
3887:
3885:van Rysselberghe
3863:
3850:
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3805:Toulouse-Lautrec
3740:
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3157:Around the Piano
3153:
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2976:Le ruisseau noir
2954:
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2907:The Card Players
2897:
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2865:
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2812:Dante and Virgil
2796:
2783:
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2761:Bazille's Studio
2739:
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2572:Bazille's Studio
2397:The Café-Concert
2325:
2324: 1878â1880
2322:
2310:
2307:
2287:
2284:
2248:
2245:
2191:The Croquet Game
1903:The Old Musician
1788:
1781:
1774:
1765:
1764:
1719:Edouard Manet's
1717:
1716:
1705:
1704:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1594:. Archived from
1584:
1578:
1577:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1539:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1460:
1454:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1430:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1403:. Archived from
1394:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1355:
1354:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1270:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1208:
1202:
1192:Looking at Manet
1188:
1182:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1143:bonjourparis.com
1140:
1132:
1126:
1113:
1107:
1090:
1084:
1073:
1062:
1059:The Art Bulletin
1055:
1046:
1045:
1001:
995:
994:
992:
990:
967:
961:
960:
920:
914:
913:
911:
910:
896:
890:
880:
874:
873:
871:
870:
855:
849:
848:
846:
844:
824:
813:
806:
757:Louis le Brocquy
695:A Modern Olympia
680:Grande Odalisque
671:
644:
623:
599:
579:Grande Odalisque
566:Charles Jalabert
446:
441:Lorraine O'Grady
324:A Modern Olympia
131:
119:
118:
96:
90:
63:Google Translate
48:
44:
27:
26:
19:
8197:
8196:
8192:
8191:
8190:
8188:
8187:
8186:
8127:
8126:
8125:
8120:
8111:
8103:
8090:
8083:
8076:
8071:Structural film
8069:
8062:
8055:
8048:
8041:
8034:
8027:
8022:New Objectivity
8020:
8013:
8008:Neo-romanticism
8006:
8001:Neo-primitivism
7999:
7992:
7985:
7978:
7971:
7964:
7957:
7950:
7943:
7936:
7927:
7920:
7913:
7906:
7899:
7892:
7885:
7878:
7871:
7864:
7857:
7850:
7843:
7836:
7829:
7822:
7815:
7804:
7793:
7786:
7779:
7764:
7758:
7752:
7746:
7740:
7734:
7728:
7722:
7716:
7710:
7704:
7698:
7692:
7686:
7680:
7674:
7668:
7662:
7656:
7650:
7647:VerklÀrte Nacht
7644:
7638:
7632:
7626:
7620:
7609:
7602:
7595:
7588:
7581:
7574:
7567:
7560:
7553:
7546:
7539:
7532:
7525:
7518:
7511:
7504:
7497:
7490:
7477:
7470:
7463:
7456:
7449:
7442:
7435:
7428:
7421:
7414:
7407:
7400:
7393:
7386:
7379:
7372:
7365:
7358:
7351:
7344:
7337:
7330:
7317:
7310:
7303:
7296:
7289:
7282:
7275:
7268:
7261:
7254:
7247:
7240:
7233:
7226:
7219:
7212:
7205:
7198:
7191:
7184:
7177:
7170:
7163:
7156:
7149:
7142:
7135:
7128:
7121:
7114:
7107:
7100:
7093:
7086:
7069:
7058:
7052:
7046:
7040:
7034:
7028:
7024:
7018:
7014:
7008:
7002:
6996:
6990:
6984:
6978:
6972:
6966:
6960:
6954:
6948:
6942:
6936:
6930:
6924:
6918:
6912:
6906:
6900:
6894:
6888:
6882:
6876:
6870:
6859:
6852:
6845:
6838:
6831:
6824:
6817:
6810:
6803:
6796:
6789:
6782:
6775:
6768:
6761:
6754:
6747:
6740:
6733:
6726:
6719:
6712:
6705:
6698:
6685:
6678:
6671:
6664:
6657:
6650:
6643:
6636:
6629:
6622:
6615:
6608:
6601:
6594:
6587:
6580:
6573:
6566:
6559:
6552:
6545:
6538:
6531:
6524:
6517:
6510:
6503:
6496:
6489:
6482:
6475:
6468:
6461:
6454:
6447:
6440:
6433:
6426:
6419:
6412:
6405:
6398:
6391:
6384:
6377:
6370:
6363:
6356:
6349:
6342:
6335:
6328:
6321:
6314:
6307:
6300:
6293:
6286:
6279:
6272:
6265:
6258:
6245:
6238:
6231:
6224:
6217:
6210:
6203:
6196:
6189:
6182:
6175:
6168:
6161:
6154:
6147:
6140:
6133:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6105:
6098:
6091:
6084:
6077:
6070:
6063:
6056:
6049:
6042:
6035:
6028:
6021:
6014:
6007:
6000:
5993:
5986:
5979:
5972:
5965:
5958:
5951:
5944:
5937:
5930:
5923:
5916:
5909:
5902:
5895:
5888:
5881:
5874:
5867:
5860:
5853:
5846:
5839:
5832:
5825:
5818:
5811:
5804:
5797:
5790:
5783:
5776:
5769:
5762:
5755:
5748:
5741:
5715:
5709:
5703:
5697:
5691:
5685:
5679:
5673:
5667:
5661:
5655:
5649:
5643:
5637:
5631:
5625:
5619:
5613:
5607:
5596:
5589:
5582:
5575:
5568:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5540:
5533:
5526:
5519:
5512:
5505:
5500:Lowell (Robert)
5498:
5491:
5484:
5477:
5470:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5428:
5421:
5414:
5407:
5400:
5393:
5380:
5373:
5366:
5359:
5352:
5345:
5338:
5331:
5324:
5317:
5310:
5303:
5296:
5289:
5282:
5275:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5247:
5240:
5233:
5226:
5219:
5212:
5205:
5198:
5191:
5184:
5177:
5170:
5163:
5156:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5085:
5078:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5044:
5037:
5028:
5021:
5014:
5005:
4994:
4983:
4976:
4969:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4937:
4926:
4919:
4908:
4903:
4873:
4868:
4829:
4773:
4747:
4743:Eliseu Visconti
4733:JoaquĂn Sorolla
4708:Francisco Oller
4698:MartĂn Malharro
4643:EugĂšne Baudouin
4635:
4629:
4595:William Brymner
4575:
4573:
4567:
4558:Arthur Streeton
4533:E. Phillips Fox
4518:
4516:
4510:
4476:Willard Metcalf
4446:
4444:
4438:
4422:
4396:
4392:Ernest Hoschedé
4382:Victor Chocquet
4365:
4356:
4275:
4271:
4268:
4238:
4233:
4207:
4188:
4175:
4162:
4149:
4136:
4123:
4108:
4089:
4076:
4065:
4046:
4035:
4022:
4011:
3988:
3967:
3950:
3939:
3926:
3915:
3896:
3883:
3872:
3859:
3846:
3833:
3822:
3803:
3736:
3723:
3710:
3697:
3636:
3623:
3610:
3597:
3584:
3571:
3516:
3485:
3466:
3453:
3338:
3325:
3312:
3299:
3286:
3273:
3260:
3235:
3180:
3149:
3136:
3123:
3110:
3097:
3084:
3055:
3032:
3013:
3000:
2987:
2982:The Wounded Man
2950:
2931:
2918:
2893:
2874:
2861:
2842:
2829:
2792:
2779:
2766:
2735:
2722:
2709:
2696:
2681:
2666:
2653:
2642:
2637:
2607:
2602:
2586:
2575:(1870 painting)
2567:(1870 painting)
2551:
2515:
2323:
2308:
2285:
2246:
1797:
1792:
1714:
1708:External videos
1703:
1680:Murrell, Denise
1666:
1664:Further reading
1610:
1605:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1556:
1540:
1531:
1523:
1519:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1481:
1479:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1446:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1410:
1408:
1395:
1391:
1380:
1376:
1365:
1358:
1327:
1323:
1308:10.2307/1773024
1292:
1288:
1277:
1273:
1263:Murrell, Denise
1261:
1257:
1250:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1209:
1205:
1189:
1185:
1165:
1161:
1152:
1150:
1133:
1129:
1114:
1110:
1091:
1087:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1049:
1002:
998:
988:
986:
984:
968:
964:
921:
917:
908:
906:
898:
897:
893:
881:
877:
868:
866:
857:
856:
852:
842:
840:
826:
825:
816:
807:
803:
799:
794:
769:
691:
684:
672:
663:
653:La maja desnuda
645:
636:
632:Venus of Urbino
624:
615:
600:
548:LĂ©on Benouville
540:La maja desnuda
531:Venus of Urbino
527:Léonce Bénédite
512:Venus of Urbino
507:
480:
444:
437:
416:black feminists
368:
330:Though Manet's
313:
275:Venus of Urbino
244:
232:Zacharie Astruc
113:
112:
111:
94:
88:
51:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8195:
8185:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8137:1863 paintings
8122:
8121:
8104:
8096:
8095:
8092:
8091:
8089:
8088:
8081:
8074:
8067:
8060:
8053:
8046:
8039:
8032:
8029:Poetic realism
8025:
8018:
8011:
8004:
7997:
7990:
7983:
7976:
7969:
7962:
7959:Late modernity
7955:
7952:Late modernism
7948:
7941:
7934:
7933:
7932:
7925:
7918:
7904:
7897:
7894:High modernism
7890:
7883:
7876:
7869:
7862:
7855:
7848:
7841:
7838:Degenerate art
7834:
7827:
7820:
7813:
7808:Ballets Russes
7802:
7791:
7784:
7776:
7774:
7770:
7769:
7766:
7765:
7763:
7762:
7750:
7738:
7726:
7714:
7702:
7690:
7678:
7666:
7654:
7642:
7630:
7617:
7615:
7611:
7610:
7608:
7607:
7600:
7593:
7586:
7579:
7572:
7565:
7558:
7551:
7544:
7537:
7530:
7523:
7516:
7509:
7502:
7495:
7487:
7485:
7479:
7478:
7476:
7475:
7468:
7461:
7454:
7447:
7440:
7433:
7426:
7419:
7412:
7405:
7398:
7391:
7384:
7377:
7370:
7363:
7356:
7349:
7342:
7335:
7327:
7325:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7315:
7308:
7301:
7294:
7287:
7280:
7273:
7266:
7259:
7252:
7245:
7238:
7231:
7224:
7217:
7210:
7203:
7196:
7189:
7182:
7175:
7168:
7161:
7154:
7147:
7140:
7133:
7126:
7119:
7112:
7105:
7098:
7091:
7083:
7081:
7072:
7064:
7063:
7060:
7059:
7057:
7056:
7044:
7032:
7022:
7012:
7000:
6988:
6976:
6964:
6952:
6940:
6928:
6916:
6904:
6892:
6880:
6867:
6865:
6861:
6860:
6858:
6857:
6850:
6843:
6836:
6829:
6822:
6815:
6808:
6801:
6794:
6787:
6780:
6773:
6766:
6759:
6752:
6745:
6738:
6731:
6724:
6717:
6710:
6703:
6695:
6693:
6687:
6686:
6684:
6683:
6676:
6669:
6662:
6655:
6648:
6641:
6634:
6627:
6620:
6613:
6606:
6599:
6592:
6585:
6578:
6571:
6564:
6561:Ray (Satyajit)
6557:
6554:Ray (Nicholas)
6550:
6543:
6536:
6529:
6522:
6515:
6508:
6501:
6494:
6487:
6480:
6473:
6466:
6459:
6452:
6445:
6438:
6431:
6424:
6417:
6410:
6403:
6396:
6389:
6382:
6375:
6368:
6361:
6354:
6347:
6340:
6333:
6326:
6319:
6312:
6305:
6298:
6291:
6284:
6277:
6270:
6263:
6255:
6253:
6247:
6246:
6244:
6243:
6236:
6229:
6222:
6215:
6208:
6201:
6194:
6187:
6180:
6173:
6166:
6159:
6152:
6145:
6138:
6131:
6124:
6117:
6110:
6103:
6096:
6089:
6082:
6075:
6068:
6061:
6054:
6047:
6040:
6033:
6026:
6019:
6012:
6005:
5998:
5991:
5984:
5977:
5970:
5963:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5935:
5928:
5921:
5914:
5907:
5900:
5893:
5886:
5879:
5872:
5865:
5858:
5851:
5844:
5837:
5830:
5823:
5816:
5809:
5802:
5795:
5788:
5781:
5774:
5767:
5760:
5753:
5746:
5738:
5736:
5727:
5721:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5713:
5701:
5689:
5677:
5665:
5653:
5646:The Waste Land
5641:
5629:
5617:
5604:
5602:
5598:
5597:
5595:
5594:
5587:
5580:
5573:
5566:
5559:
5552:
5545:
5538:
5531:
5524:
5517:
5510:
5503:
5496:
5489:
5482:
5475:
5468:
5461:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5433:
5426:
5419:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5390:
5388:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5371:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5315:
5308:
5301:
5294:
5287:
5280:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5196:
5189:
5182:
5175:
5168:
5161:
5154:
5147:
5140:
5132:
5130:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5104:
5097:
5090:
5083:
5076:
5075:
5074:
5056:
5049:
5042:
5035:
5034:
5033:
5019:
5012:
5011:
5010:
5003:
4992:
4974:
4967:
4960:
4957:Constructivism
4953:
4946:
4935:
4924:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4909:
4902:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4879:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4843:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4781:
4779:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4723:Valentin Serov
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4688:Max Liebermann
4685:
4683:Dominique Lang
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4648:Olga BoznaĆska
4645:
4639:
4637:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4605:Maurice Cullen
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4581:
4579:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4563:Walter Withers
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4528:Charles Conder
4524:
4522:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4452:
4450:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4430:
4428:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4366:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4337:Berthe Morisot
4334:
4329:
4324:
4322:Johan Jongkind
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4267:
4266:
4259:
4252:
4244:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4186:
4173:
4160:
4157:The Mature Age
4147:
4134:
4120:
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4006:Self-portrait
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3989:(2nd version)
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3021:The Laundress
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1975:The Bullfight
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1795:Ădouard Manet
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1748:The Puzzle of
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1741:Musée d'Orsay
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1643:0-8014-8609-2
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1626:0-8027-1466-8
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1407:on 9 May 2019
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1337:(55): 43â50.
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1296:Poetics Today
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1224:9789042008434
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707:René Magritte
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613:Dresden Venus
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249:demi-mondaine
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202:Musée d'Orsay
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194:Ădouard Manet
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176:Musée d'Orsay
174:
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158:Oil on canvas
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140:Ădouard Manet
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107:
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92:
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56:
54:
53:
47:
41:
39:
34:You can help
30:
21:
20:
8105:
8098:
7845:Ecomodernism
7753:
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7705:
7693:
7683:The Firebird
7681:
7669:
7657:
7645:
7633:
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7047:
7037:Citizen Kane
7035:
7026:Fallingwater
7016:Villa Savoye
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6945:Black Square
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6907:
6895:
6883:
6871:
6763:Le Corbusier
6691:Architecture
5704:
5692:
5680:
5670:Mrs Dalloway
5668:
5656:
5644:
5632:
5620:
5608:
5493:Lowell (Amy)
4846:
4668:Eva GonzalĂšs
4553:John Russell
4332:Claude Monet
4307:Paul CĂ©zanne
4302:Mary Cassatt
4200:
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4181:
4176:
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4023:
4004:
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3992:
3983:
3977:
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3958:L'Arlésienne
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3897:
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3772:
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3754:
3748:
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3718:The Talisman
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3511:The Winnower
3509:
3503:
3499:The Gleaners
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3486:
3478:
3472:
3467:
3459:
3454:
3448:The Waitress
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3098:
3090:
3085:
3077:
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3059:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3033:
3027:The Republic
3025:
3019:
3014:
3006:
3001:
2993:
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2980:
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2933:de Chavannes
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2723:
2715:
2710:
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2697:
2662:Gare d'Orsay
2578:
2570:
2562:
2527:MĂ©ry Laurent
2507:
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2483:
2475:
2467:
2459:
2451:
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2427:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2387:
2381:The Waitress
2379:
2371:
2363:
2355:
2347:
2339:
2333:(Fort Worth)
2330:
2316:Chez Tortoni
2314:
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2069:
2061:
2053:
2045:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2013:
2005:
1997:
1989:
1981:
1973:
1967:The Dead Man
1965:
1957:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1927:Little Lange
1925:
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1755:
1747:
1735:
1726:Smarthistory
1720:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1648:
1632:
1617:
1597:the original
1591:
1582:
1571:
1564:
1544:
1520:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:Reff, p. 48.
1491:
1480:. Retrieved
1468:
1458:
1447:
1432:
1421:
1409:. Retrieved
1405:the original
1399:
1392:
1383:
1377:
1368:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1280:
1274:
1266:
1258:
1239:
1233:
1213:
1206:
1191:
1186:
1171:
1162:
1151:. Retrieved
1142:
1130:
1122:The Guardian
1120:
1111:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1058:
1040:– via
1016:(3): 39â46.
1013:
1009:
999:
987:. Retrieved
972:
965:
935:(1): 21â31.
932:
928:
918:
907:. Retrieved
903:
894:
886:
883:Clark, T. J.
878:
867:. Retrieved
865:. 2023-09-23
862:
853:
841:. Retrieved
838:Khan Academy
833:Smarthistory
831:
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564:(1842), and
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418:, including
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326:(c. 1873/74)
323:
320:Paul CĂ©zanne
302:
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198:Claude Monet
188:
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186:
81:edit summary
72:
43:
35:
8162:Cats in art
8100:Romanticism
8057:Remodernism
7938:Incoherents
7797:Avant-garde
7788:Armory Show
7395:Maeterlinck
7298:Villa-Lobos
7284:Szymanowski
7263:Stockhausen
7200:LutosĆawski
6925:(1909â1910)
5725:Visual arts
5698:(1928â1940)
5614:(1913â1927)
5137:Apollinaire
5101:Synchromism
4941:Art Nouveau
4854:Louis Leroy
4752:Other media
4728:Max Slevogt
4703:Henry Moret
4548:Tom Roberts
4427:Exhibitions
4312:Edgar Degas
4280:Originators
4164:Delaplanche
3928:Burne-Jones
3817:La Toilette
3650:The Bathers
3493:The Angelus
3436:The Reading
3346:The Balcony
3008:The Harvest
2876:Caillebotte
2844:Bracquemond
2824:Les Oréades
2309: 1878
2286: 1877
2278:Plum Brandy
2265:(1877â1881)
2247: 1876
2183:The Railway
2151:The Funeral
2135:The Brioche
2111:The Reading
2095:The Balcony
1943:La NĂ©gresse
1826:(1856â1859)
1818:(1854â1858)
989:6 September
843:11 February
786:1863 in art
543:(c. 1800).
403:chiaroscuro
376:T. J. Clark
347:Paris Salon
221:Paris Salon
8131:Categories
7987:Maximalism
7922:Literature
7597:Wiesenthal
7499:Cunningham
7492:Balanchine
7472:Witkiewicz
7444:Strindberg
7430:Pirandello
7402:Mayakovsky
7277:Stravinsky
7249:Schoenberg
7068:Performing
6993:Metropolis
6784:Mendelsohn
6589:Rossellini
6582:Richardson
6393:Fassbinder
6379:Eisenstein
6316:Cassavetes
6072:Modigliani
5946:Goncharova
5932:Giacometti
5326:Dos Passos
5128:Literature
5087:Surrealism
4998:Die BrĂŒcke
4764:Literature
4585:Henri Beau
4517:Australian
4183:Rhinocéros
4177:Jacquemart
4107:Sculptures
3731:The Circus
3592:The Cradle
3542:The Magpie
3468:Meissonier
3294:The Source
3144:The Enigma
3040:L'Absinthe
2920:Chassériau
2794:Bouguereau
2711:Bartholomé
2556:Portrayals
2453:The Rabbit
2262:Le Suicidé
2207:Argenteuil
1614:King, Ross
1482:2023-10-13
1411:6 December
1331:Third Text
1168:Honour, H.
1166:Quoted in
1153:2023-04-15
1105:0713908076
909:2023-10-15
869:2023-10-15
797:References
588:prostitute
505:Precedents
396:its empire
355:Ămile Zola
225:prostitute
164:Dimensions
45:(May 2024)
40:in Turkish
8036:Pulp noir
7994:Modernity
7859:Film noir
7583:St. Denis
7506:Diaghilev
7242:Schaeffer
7165:Hindemith
7144:Dutilleux
7116:Boulanger
6921:The Dance
6617:Tarkovsky
6610:Sternberg
6442:Hitchcock
6358:Dovzhenko
6274:Antonioni
6219:Stieglitz
6058:Metzinger
6009:Kokoschka
5988:Kandinsky
5402:Aldington
5395:Akhmatova
5312:Marinetti
5305:Mansfield
5256:Hemingway
5094:Symbolism
4913:Movements
4906:Modernism
4138:Clésinger
3692:The Swing
3382:The Fifer
3364:Bullfight
3320:The Truth
3249:Jerusalem
3230:Vairumati
3131:The Dream
3099:Delacroix
3086:Dehodencq
2831:Boulanger
2730:Haymaking
2680:Paintings
2090:(1867â68)
2047:The Fifer
2026:(1865â66)
2023:Bullfight
1978:(1864â65)
1802:Paintings
1592:Instagram
1477:0362-4331
1351:143661040
1095:. (1976)
1038:191378906
957:191382469
603:Giorgione
584:odalisque
570:Odalisque
517:Giorgione
424:Cartesian
392:abolished
390:had been
255:courtesan
99:talk page
8157:Nude art
8118:Category
7719:Fountain
7623:Don Juan
7562:Nijinsky
7458:Wedekind
7437:Piscator
7332:Anderson
7256:Scriabin
7172:Honegger
6833:Sullivan
6819:Saarinen
6812:Rietveld
6805:Niemeyer
6777:Melnikov
6707:Bunshaft
6638:Truffaut
6603:Sjöström
6547:Pudovkin
6519:Minnelli
6484:Kurosawa
6477:Kuleshov
6407:Flaherty
6233:Vuillard
6212:Steichen
6170:Rousseau
6135:Pissarro
6114:O'Keeffe
6079:Mondrian
6030:Malevich
6023:Magritte
5995:Kirchner
5939:van Gogh
5890:Doesburg
5869:Delaunay
5862:Delaunay
5785:BrĂąncuÈi
5771:Boccioni
5734:Painting
5584:Williams
5507:Mallarmé
5423:Cendrars
5333:Platonov
5291:Lawrence
5284:Koestler
5221:Flaubert
5214:Faulkner
5179:Bulgakov
5108:Tonalism
5069:De Stijl
5053:Lettrism
5039:Futurism
4930:Art Deco
4778:See also
4574:Canadian
4445:American
4229:Toulouse
4024:Edelfelt
3952:van Gogh
3904:The Bath
3861:Whistler
3841:Solitude
3835:Harrison
3827:American
3712:SĂ©rusier
3699:Rousseau
3625:Regnault
3314:Lefebvre
3125:Detaille
3002:Daubigny
2806:La Danse
2652:Building
1692:(1977).
1682:(2018).
1672:(1954).
1616:(2006).
1439:Archived
1265:(2018).
1147:Archived
1030:23204895
949:23205579
767:See also
752:A Family
683:, (1814)
554:(1844),
499:New York
464:Freudian
172:Location
75:provide
7773:Related
7635:Ubu Roi
7590:Tamiris
7576:Sokolow
7555:Massine
7423:Osborne
7416:O'Neill
7409:O'Casey
7367:Chekhov
7353:Beckett
7339:Anouilh
7323:Theatre
7270:Strauss
7228:Russolo
7207:Milhaud
7186:JanĂĄÄek
7158:GĂłrecki
7151:Feldman
7137:Debussy
7130:Copland
7088:Antheil
6826:Steiner
6749:Johnson
6728:Guimard
6721:Gropius
6568:Resnais
6470:Kubrick
6400:Fellini
6386:Epstein
6372:Edwards
6337:Cocteau
6323:Chaplin
6295:Bresson
6288:Bergman
6267:Aldrich
6260:Akerman
6205:Soutine
6177:Schiele
6128:Picasso
6121:Picabia
6051:Matisse
5925:Gauguin
5897:Duchamp
5855:Kooning
5834:Claudel
5827:Chirico
5820:Chagall
5813:CĂ©zanne
5806:Cassatt
5778:Bonnard
5764:Bellows
5757:Balthus
5634:Ulysses
5556:Stevens
5549:Seferis
5368:Unamuno
5207:Forster
5186:Chekhov
5151:Beckett
5080:Orphism
5046:Imagism
5030:Bauhaus
5016:Fauvism
4921:Acmeism
4834:Related
4825:The Ten
4636:artists
4576:artists
4519:artists
4447:artists
4401:Dealers
4370:Patrons
4193::
4190:Gauguin
4180::
4167::
4154::
4151:Claudel
4141::
4128::
4125:Barrias
4081::
4078:Sorolla
4070:Spanish
4051::
4048:Boldini
4040:Italian
4027::
4016:Finnish
3955::
3931::
3920:British
3901::
3898:Stevens
3888::
3877:Belgian
3864::
3851::
3838::
3808::
3741::
3728::
3715::
3702::
3641::
3628::
3615::
3612:Ottmann
3602::
3589::
3586:Morisot
3576::
3521::
3490::
3471::
3458::
3455:Matisse
3394:Olympia
3343::
3330::
3317::
3304::
3301:Laurens
3291::
3278::
3265::
3240::
3188:Arearea
3185::
3182:Gauguin
3154::
3141::
3128::
3115::
3102::
3089::
3079:The Tub
3037::
3018::
3015:Daumier
3005::
2992::
2989:Couture
2955::
2952:Courbet
2936::
2923::
2898::
2895:CĂ©zanne
2879::
2866::
2863:Cabanel
2847::
2834::
2797::
2784::
2781:Bonheur
2771::
2740::
2737:Bazille
2727::
2714::
2704:Remorse
2701::
2591:Related
2342:(Paris)
2231:Boating
1970:(1864))
1951:Olympia
1750:Olympia
1739:at the
1736:Olympia
1721:Olympia
1608:Sources
1316:1773024
1077:Olympia
885:(1999)
759:, 2005.
743:, 1988.
719:, 1982.
702:Olympia
689:Homages
472:Jezebel
456:Jezebel
388:slavery
384:Olympia
343:Olympia
242:Content
236:Olympia
189:Olympia
149:1863â65
122:Olympia
97:to the
79:in the
42:.
7759:(1953)
7747:(1928)
7735:(1921)
7723:(1917)
7711:(1913)
7699:(1912)
7687:(1910)
7675:(1905)
7671:Salome
7663:(1902)
7651:(1899)
7639:(1896)
7627:(1888)
7604:Wigman
7534:Graham
7527:Fuller
7520:Fokine
7513:Duncan
7465:Wilder
7451:Toller
7388:Kaiser
7360:Brecht
7346:Artaud
7305:Webern
7291:VarĂšse
7221:Partch
7193:Ligeti
7123:Boulez
7095:BartĂłk
7053:(1943)
7041:(1941)
7029:(1936)
7019:(1931)
7009:(1929)
6997:(1927)
6985:(1925)
6973:(1923)
6961:(1920)
6949:(1915)
6937:(1912)
6913:(1907)
6901:(1889)
6889:(1887)
6877:(1886)
6854:Wright
6840:Tatlin
6798:Neutra
6700:Breuer
6666:Welles
6652:Vertov
6575:Renoir
6526:Murnau
6512:Marker
6505:Lupino
6463:Keaton
6449:Hubley
6435:Godard
6421:Fuller
6365:Dreyer
6344:Dassin
6302:Buñuel
6198:Sisley
6191:Signac
6184:Seurat
6156:Renoir
5974:Hopper
5876:Demuth
5799:Calder
5792:Braque
5743:Albers
5710:(1929)
5686:(1926)
5674:(1925)
5662:(1924)
5650:(1922)
5638:(1922)
5626:(1915)
5577:Valéry
5563:Thomas
5528:Pessoa
5472:George
5465:Elytis
5458:Ăluard
5444:Desnos
5416:Cavafy
5386:Poetry
5347:Proust
5340:Porter
5242:Hamsun
5200:Döblin
5193:Conrad
5165:Breton
5144:Barnes
4964:Cubism
4117:French
3848:Tanner
3811:Le Lit
3738:Sisley
3725:Seurat
3638:Renoir
3573:Moreau
3487:Millet
3288:Ingres
3275:Glaize
3262:Gervex
3237:GĂ©rĂŽme
3056:(1885)
2698:Baader
2690:French
2520:Models
2512:(1882)
2504:(1882)
2496:(1882)
2488:(1882)
2480:(1882)
2477:Autumn
2472:(1881)
2469:Spring
2464:(1881)
2456:(1881)
2448:(1881)
2440:(1881)
2432:(1880)
2424:(1880)
2416:(1880)
2408:(1879)
2400:(1879)
2392:(1879)
2384:(1879)
2376:(1879)
2368:(1879)
2360:(1879)
2352:(1879)
2344:(1879)
2335:(1879)
2296:(1878)
2273:(1877)
2257:(1876)
2234:(1874)
2226:(1874)
2218:(1874)
2210:(1874)
2202:(1873)
2194:(1873)
2186:(1873)
2178:(1873)
2170:(1872)
2162:(1870)
2154:(1870)
2146:(1870)
2143:Repose
2138:(1870)
2130:(1869)
2122:(1868)
2114:(1868)
2106:(1868)
2098:(1868)
2082:(1868)
2074:(1868)
2066:(1867)
2058:(1866)
2050:(1866)
2042:(1866)
2034:(1865)
2018:(1865)
2010:(1865)
2002:(1864)
1994:(1864)
1986:(1864)
1962:(1863)
1954:(1863)
1946:(1863)
1938:(1863)
1930:(1862)
1922:(1862)
1914:(1862)
1906:(1862)
1898:(1862)
1890:(1862)
1882:(1861)
1874:(1861)
1866:(1860)
1858:(1860)
1850:(1860)
1842:(1859)
1834:(1859)
1655:
1641:
1624:
1552:
1513:p. 190
1475:
1349:
1314:
1246:
1221:
1198:
1178:
1103:
1036:
1028:
980:
955:
947:
709:, 1948
635:(1538)
627:Titian
574:Ingres
556:Ingres
478:Events
280:chatte
270:Titian
262:orchid
154:Medium
136:Artist
7929:Post-
7915:Music
7614:Works
7569:Shawn
7548:Laban
7483:Dance
7381:Jarry
7374:Ibsen
7312:Weill
7235:Satie
7109:Berio
7079:Music
6864:Works
6791:Nervi
6735:Horta
6714:GaudĂ
6673:Wiene
6645:Varda
6631:Trnka
6540:Pabst
6498:Losey
6456:Jones
6428:Gance
6351:Deren
6330:Clair
6309:Carné
6281:Avery
6163:Rodin
6149:Redon
6107:Nolde
6100:Munch
6093:Moore
6086:Monet
6037:Manet
6016:LĂ©ger
5981:Kahlo
5960:Grosz
5918:Ernst
5911:Ensor
5848:Degas
5601:Works
5591:Yeats
5570:Tzara
5542:Rilke
5535:Pound
5514:Moore
5486:Lorca
5479:Jacob
5451:Eliot
5430:Crane
5409:Auden
5375:Woolf
5361:Svevo
5354:Stein
5319:Musil
5277:Kafka
5270:Joyce
5263:Hesse
5249:HaĆĄek
5172:Broch
5007:Music
4859:Nadar
4759:Music
4634:Other
4202:Oviri
3944:Dutch
3599:Motte
3518:Monet
3340:Manet
3112:Denis
3034:Degas
2768:Belly
2537:Laure
1724:From
1347:S2CID
1312:JSTOR
1042:JSTOR
1034:S2CID
1026:JSTOR
953:S2CID
945:JSTOR
468:Mammy
460:Mammy
410:1865.
372:Laure
360:fille
217:Laure
206:Paris
180:Paris
59:DeepL
7541:Holm
7214:Nono
7179:Ives
7102:Berg
7070:arts
6847:Mies
6770:Loos
6756:Kahn
6680:Wood
6659:Vigo
6624:Tati
6596:Sirk
6491:Lang
6414:Ford
6251:Film
6240:Wood
6065:MirĂł
6044:Marc
6002:Klee
5967:Höch
5953:Gris
5904:Dufy
5841:DalĂ
5521:Owen
5437:H.D.
5298:Mann
5235:Gide
5228:Ford
5158:Bely
4971:Dada
3327:Luce
3138:Doré
2270:Nana
1653:ISBN
1639:ISBN
1622:ISBN
1550:ISBN
1473:ISSN
1413:2016
1244:ISBN
1219:ISBN
1196:ISBN
1176:ISBN
1101:ISBN
991:2014
978:ISBN
845:2013
749:and
660:Maja
458:and
429:West
260:The
146:Year
73:must
71:You
6533:Ozu
6142:Ray
5883:Dix
5750:Arp
4227:in
1339:doi
1304:doi
1079:".
1018:doi
937:doi
568:'s
550:'s
537:'s
519:'s
497:in
439:In
290:'s
272:'s
253:or
61:or
8133::
8097:â
4199:â
4057:â
4003:â
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