2559:
well, at a depth of one hundred and fifty-eight feet in the rock, which filled the surface well, (forty-five feet to the rock) and the conductors in the course of fifteen minutes, and immediately commenced flowing. It will hardly be credited, but nevertheless such is the case, that the present enormous flow of oil cannot be estimated at less than two thousand barrels per day, (twenty-four hours), of pure oil, and the quantity increasing every hour. I saw three men in the course of one hour, fill fifty barrels from the flow of oil, which is running away in every direction; the flat presenting the appearance of a sea of oil. The excitement is intense, and hundreds are rushing from every quarter to see this extraordinary well. Experience oil well diggers from the other side, affirm that this week equals their best flowing wells in
Pennsylvania, and they pronounced the oil as being of a superior quality. This flowing well is situation on lot No. 10, Range B, Messrs. Sanborn & Co.'s Oil Territory.
348:
340:
1067:
1332:
1130:
8756:
757:
1160:
1110:
1711:. Though hydraulic fracturing has significantly increased natural gas extraction, there is some belief and evidence to support that consumable water has seen increased in methane contamination due to this gas extraction. Leaks from underground tanks and abandoned refineries may also contaminate groundwater in surrounding areas. Hydrocarbons that comprise refined petroleum are resistant to biodegradation and have been found to remain present in contaminated soils for years. To hasten this process,
1246:
1153:
1024:
938:
915:
229:
318:
8679:
5046:
1087:
376:
466:, accounted for half of the world's production and dominated international markets. Nearly 200 small refineries operated in the suburbs of Baku by 1884. As a side effect of these early developments, the Apsheron Peninsula emerged as the world's "oldest legacy of oil pollution and environmental negligence". In 1846 Baku (Bibi-Heybat settlement) featured the first ever well drilled with percussion tools to a depth of 21 meters for oil exploration. In 1878
216:
1223:
2325:
1309:
1289:
8703:
1203:
1180:
8732:
392:
1266:
1001:
1044:
981:
958:
3240:
McKeen; Li, Shao-Meng; Li, Rui; Lerner, Brian M.; Lefer, Barry L.; Langford, Andrew O.; Koss, Abigail; Helmig, Detlev; Graus, Martin; Gilman, Jessica B.; Flynn, James H.; Field, Robert A.; Dubé, William P.; deGouw, Joost A.; Banta, Robert M.; Ahmadov, Ravan; Roberts, James M.; Brown, Steven S.; Edwards, Peter M. (1 October 2014). "High winter ozone pollution from carbonyl photolysis in an oil and gas basin".
8691:
40:
8744:
329:
646:), completed its historic Ship Shoal Block 32 well in November 1947, months before Superior actually drilled a discovery from their Vermilion platform farther offshore. In any case, that made Kerr-McGee's Gulf of Mexico well, Kermac No. 16, the first oil discovery drilled out of sight of land. Forty-four Gulf of Mexico exploratory wells discovered 11 oil and natural gas fields by the end of 1949.
713:, and the growth of a global shipping network for petroleum â relying upon oil tankers and pipelines. In 1949 the first offshore oil-drilling at Oil Rocks (Neft Dashlari) in the Caspian Sea off Azerbaijan eventually resulted in a city built on pylons. In the 1960s and 1970s, multi-governmental organizations of oilâproducing nations â
1563:. Pipelines are the most economical transportation method and are most suited to movement across longer distances, for example, across continents. Tankers and barges are also employed for long-distance, often international transport. Rail and truck can also be used for longer distances but are most cost-effective for shorter routes.
549:. The discovery at Oil Springs touched off an oil boom which brought hundreds of speculators and workers to the area. Canada's first gusher (flowing well) erupted on January 16, 1862, when local oil-man John Shaw struck oil at 158 feet (48 m). For a week the oil gushed unchecked at levels reported as high as 3,000 barrels per day.
2492:
refinery and began to produce illuminating oil for lamps â kerosene. It was
Williams who was able to take full advantage of the ancient resource. Not only was he astute enough to look below the surface of the gum beds to find oil and to realize its commercial potential, but the timing of his discovery was perfect.
2558:
Our correspondent writes us from the Oil
Springs, under date of the 16th inst., interesting account of a flowing Oil well which has just been tapped. He says: I have just time to mention that to-day at half past eleven o'clock, a.m., Mr. John Shaw, from Kingston, C. W., tapped a vein of oil in his
870:
In recent years however, National Oil
Companies (NOC, as opposed to IOC, International Oil Companies) have come to control the rights over the largest oil reserves; by this measure the top ten companies all are NOC. The following table shows the ten largest national oil companies ranked by reserves
244:
Petroleum is a naturally occurring liquid found in rock formations. It consists of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, plus other organic compounds. It is generally accepted that oil is formed mostly from the carbon rich remains of ancient plankton after exposure to heat
1570:
throughout the oil and gas distribution systems. These facilities are most often located near refining and processing facilities and are connected to pipeline systems to facilitate shipment when product demand must be met. While petroleum products are held in storage tanks, natural gas tends to be
3239:
Zamora, Robert; Yuan, Bin; Young, Cora J.; Wild, Robert J.; Warneke, Carsten; Washenfelder, Rebecca A.; Veres, Patrick R.; Tsai, Catalina; Trainer, Michael K.; Thompson, Chelsea R.; Sweeney, Colm; Stutz, Jochen; Soltis, Jeffrey; Senff, Christoph J.; Parrish, David D.; Murphy, Shane M.; Stuart A.
2491:
The North
American oil industry began in Oil Springs in 1858 in less spectacular fashion. James Miller Williams, a coachmaker from Hamilton, dug into the tar-like gum beds of Enniskillen Township to find their source. At a depth of fourteen feet, he struck oil. Williams immediately built a small
564:, touched off a major boom. In the first quarter of the 20th century, the United States overtook Russia as the world's largest oil producer. By the 1920s, oil fields had been established in many countries including Canada, Poland, Sweden, Ukraine, the United States, Peru and Venezuela.
527:
dug several wells between 1855 and 1858 before discovering a rich reserve of oil four metres below ground. Williams extracted 1.5 million litres of crude oil by 1860, refining much of it into kerosene-lamp oil. Some historians challenge Canada's claim to North
America's first
3085:
Boudet, Hilary; Clarke, Christopher; Bugden, Dylan; Maibach, Edward; Roser-Renouf, Connie; Leiserowitz, Anthony (1 February 2014). "'Fracking' controversy and communication: Using national survey data to understand public perceptions of hydraulic fracturing".
2584:, February/March 2007, "Drake, who seems to have awarded himself the title of colonel by which he is often known, had a great deal of trouble persuading a salt-drilling crew to try to drill for oil, but on August 27, 1859, he struck it at 69 feet."
1665:
The oil and gas industry spends only 0.4% of its net sales on research & development (R&D) which is in comparison with a range of other industries the lowest share. Governments such as the United States government provide a heavy public
540:
was the continent's first. But there is evidence to support
Williams, not least of which is that the Drake well did not come into production until August 28, 1859. The controversial point might be that Williams found oil above bedrock while
1574:
Technological applications: Midstream service providers apply technological solutions to improve efficiency during midstream processes. Technology can be used during compression of fuels to ease flow through pipelines; to better detect
3214:
Lim, Wei Mei., Lau, Von Ee., Poh, Eong Phaik. A comprehensive guide of remediation technologies for oil contaminated soil â Present works and future directions. Marine
Pollution Bulletin. Volume 109, Issue 1, 15 August 2016, Pages
1524:; separating the product into pipeline-quality natural gas and a stream of mixed natural gas liquids; and fractionation, which separates the stream of mixed natural gas liquids into its components. The fractionation process yields
504:), present-day Poland, in 1854â56. Galician refineries were initially small, as demand for refined fuel was limited. The refined products were used in artificial asphalt, machine oil and lubricants, in addition to Ćukasiewicz's
3187:
Diphare, Motshumi., Muzenda, Edison., Remediation of
Contaminated Soils: A Review. Intl' Conf. on Chemical, Integrated Waste Management & Environmental Engineering (ICCIWEE'2014) April 15â16, 2014 Johannesburg.
1456:
operations are sometimes classified within the downstream sector, but these operations compose a separate and discrete sector of the petroleum industry. Midstream operations and processes include the following:
1849:
As a result of climate change concerns, many people have begun using other methods of energy such as solar and wind. This recent shift has some petroleum enthusiasts skeptical about the future of the industry.
3294:
3205:
Liu, Rui., Jadeja, N. Rajendrasinh., Zhou, Qixing., Liu, Zhe. Treatment and
Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soils Using Selective Ornament Plants. Environmental Engineering Sci. 2012 Jun; 29(6): 494â501.
8357:
2520:
8372:
3417:
2747:"Comparison of Two Active Hydrocarbon Production Regions in Texas to Determine Boomtown Growth and Development: A Geospatial Analysis of Active Well Locations and Demographic Changes, 2000â2017"
2537:
1583:
While some upstream companies carry out certain midstream operations, the midstream sector is dominated by a number of companies that specialize in these services. Midstream companies include:
201:
consumed 18% of the oil produced in 2015. The production, distribution, refining, and retailing of petroleum taken as a whole represents the world's largest industry in terms of dollar value.
2474:
2274:
299:
and used as a lighting and heating fuel, the demand for petroleum increased greatly, and by the early twentieth century had become the most valuable commodity traded on world markets.
725:
and their cleanup have become an issue of increasing political, environmental, and economic importance. New fields of hydrocarbon production developed in places such as Siberia,
4271:
8343:
2299:
1461:
Gathering: The gathering process employs narrow, low-pressure pipelines to connect oil- and gas-producing wells to larger, long-haul pipelines or processing facilities.
1733:
The industry is the largest industrial source of emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), a group of chemicals that contribute to the formation of ground-level
7335:
2185:
312:
291:
generated an increasing need for energy, this was initially met mainly by coal, and from other sources including whale oil. However, when it was discovered that
4167:
2645:
Tolf, Robert W. (1976). "4: The World's First Oil Tankers". The Russian Rockefellers: The Saga of the Nobel Family and the Russian Oil Industry. Hoover Press.
2064:
1715:
of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants is often employed by means of aerobic degradation. More recently, other bioremediative methods have been explored such as
1670:, with major tax breaks at various stages of oil exploration and extraction, including the costs of oil field leases and drilling equipment. In recent years,
1940:
2517:
1678:("fracking") â have moved to the forefront of the industry as this new technology plays a crucial and controversial role in new methods of oil extraction.
1464:
Processing/refining: Processing and refining operations turn crude oil and gas into marketable products. In the case of crude oil, these products include
5012:
3397:
2573:
2545:
2124:
718:
709:
took the lead in oil production from the United States. Important developments since World War II include deep-water drilling, the introduction of the
512:
8350:
4392:
3690:
2774:
1935:
1930:
44:
2478:
2000:
1687:
2263:
8362:
249:'s crust over hundreds of millions of years. Over time, the decayed residue was covered by layers of mud and silt, sinking further down into
2908:
3680:
3554:
2134:
2114:
6357:
4162:
4157:
4142:
4137:
3685:
2059:
1903:
1878:
4107:
1380:
Aside from the NOCs which dominate the Upstream sector, there are many international companies that have a market share. For example:
287:
being used for lighting in the 19th century and wood and coal used for heating and cooking well into the 20th century. Even though the
1824:
3731:
3700:
3695:
5199:
8382:
6297:
4474:
2603:. Historical Dictionaries of Professions and Industries, No. 3. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press (published 2009). p. 508.
1227:
673:
to the south aimed largely at accessing the oil-fields of the Dutch East Indies. Germany, cut off from sea-borne oil supplies by
423:
produced 3,500 tons of oil in 1825 and doubled its output by mid-century. After oil drilling began in the region of present-day
166:
in its current configuration, making it a critical concern for many nations. Oil accounts for a large percentage of the world's
6352:
4348:
4172:
2295:
1556:
730:
2636:
Vassiliou, Marius (2018). Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry, 2nd Ed. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 621 pp.
8392:
6292:
3756:
3462:
3330:
2455:
2388:
1973:
1698:
2938:
2622:
In August 1859, an important early well was drilled by Edwin Drake outside Titusville, initiating the Pennsylvania oil boom.
5082:
4479:
4147:
3721:
3359:
1983:
1839:
698:
88:
2998:
5589:
3726:
2079:
674:
2311:
8367:
7147:
4860:
4539:
4255:
3480:
2608:
2234:
2160:
2819:
2193:
8387:
6393:
5007:
4311:
4064:
3441:
3426:
3406:
2788:
2650:
210:
5726:
3026:
379:
World crude oil production from wells (excludes surface-mined oil, such as from Canadian heavy oil sands), 1930â2012
8105:
6080:
4896:
4549:
4044:
3741:
3736:
3547:
1667:
497:
8786:
5838:
4554:
4112:
3997:
3923:
2378:
1908:
1843:
1832:
347:
144:
614:) used a fixed platform to develop a field in 14 feet (4.3 m) of water, one mile (1.6 km) offshore of
268:
in an unrefined state has been utilized by humans for over 5000 years. Oil in general has been used since early
7375:
5022:
4793:
4459:
4012:
3930:
3857:
2845:
1336:
1134:
2570:
8682:
6240:
5105:
4230:
4127:
4117:
4039:
2108:
1621:
741:
697:
oilfields â the largest in Europe â from August 1944. Cutting off the East Indies oil-supply (especially via
666:
136:
7489:
6310:
6303:
6275:
5002:
4997:
4534:
4519:
3968:
2888:
2793:
1794:
1603:
1481:
1293:
985:
962:
775:
654:
8776:
8694:
7340:
7198:
6718:
6700:
5049:
5017:
3540:
623:
615:
552:
The first modern oil-drilling in the United States began in West Virginia and Pennsylvania in the 1850s.
356:
8722:
7405:
6320:
6085:
5409:
4604:
4205:
4190:
4152:
3913:
3790:
2084:
2027:
1918:
92:
1547:
Transportation: Oil and gas are transported to processing facilities, and from there to end users, by
8202:
7658:
7208:
7193:
7166:
6816:
6646:
4976:
4509:
4250:
4054:
1754:
1048:
792:
339:
6327:
2873:
2767:
488:
established America's first oil refinery in Pittsburgh on Seventh avenue near Grant Street in 1853.
404:
355:, energy company profits increased with greater revenues from higher fuel prices resulting from the
8549:
8290:
7457:
7350:
7218:
6332:
5075:
2047:
1968:
1598:
1270:
760:
557:
501:
364:
332:
8330:
8022:
7253:
7137:
6757:
6641:
6167:
5379:
5027:
4901:
3958:
3950:
3901:
3852:
3772:
3657:
3652:
3470:
3123:"Methane contamination of drinking water accompanying gas-well drilling and hydraulic fracturing"
2916:
1758:
782:
68:
64:
2363:
Economic Development and Political Reform in Baku: The Response of the Azerbaidzhani Bourgeoisie
8653:
8633:
8544:
8539:
7578:
7504:
7010:
7005:
6750:
6280:
5686:
5564:
5559:
4504:
4245:
3935:
3785:
3622:
3597:
1765:
1593:
1509:
662:
639:
611:
17:
6563:
6337:
5696:
3496:
Miryusif Mirbabayev, "Brief history of the first drilled oil well; and the people involved".
3447:
Smith, GO (1920): Where the World Gets Its Oil: National Geographic, February 1920, pp 181â202
3378:
748:
have become huge hotbeds of production for the largest oil corporations in the United States.
447:(Baku-Batum pipeline), completed in 1906, and the 162 km long pipeline to carry oil from
8781:
8760:
8489:
8404:
8138:
8015:
7734:
7712:
7663:
7213:
6971:
6835:
5609:
5432:
5246:
4881:
4323:
4306:
4240:
4002:
3869:
3822:
3795:
3637:
3589:
2860:
2754:
1898:
1798:
1777:
1671:
740:
techniques, shale play has seen an enormous uptick in production. Areas of shale such as the
524:
288:
7300:
6920:
5803:
3121:
Osborn, Stephen G.; Vengosh, Avner; Warner, Nathaniel R.; Jackson, Robert B. (17 May 2011).
2971:
489:
8564:
7996:
7852:
7565:
7060:
6954:
6570:
6270:
6265:
5646:
5092:
4778:
4448:
4210:
4092:
3918:
3891:
3874:
3800:
3632:
3522:
3507:, The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage, 2020, 79pp.
3295:"On its 100th birthday in 1959, Edward Teller warned the oil industry about global warming"
3249:
3134:
3052:
1675:
1331:
1129:
607:
516:
462:
At the turn of the 20th century, Imperial Russia's output of oil, almost entirely from the
6364:
5414:
594:
developed the first mobile steel barges for drilling in the brackish coastal areas of the
162:
Petroleum is vital to many industries, and is necessary for the maintenance of industrial
8:
8706:
8648:
8623:
8506:
8280:
8237:
8197:
8163:
7897:
7864:
7722:
7536:
7516:
7248:
7076:
7055:
6857:
6811:
6543:
5966:
5497:
5068:
4926:
4871:
4798:
4687:
4499:
4417:
4097:
3963:
2720:
2594:
1631:
1489:
1485:
1399:
1250:
839:
737:
678:
603:
254:
112:
76:
5911:
3527:
3253:
3138:
2820:"Ranked in order of 2007 worldwide oil equivalent reserves as reported in "OGJ 200/100""
459:
businessman who is referred to as one of the 'founding fathers' of Baku's oil industry.
8601:
8596:
8409:
8242:
7769:
7747:
7742:
7700:
7673:
7633:
7087:
6981:
6935:
6847:
6806:
6789:
6672:
6667:
6388:
6369:
6182:
6106:
5870:
5666:
5360:
4773:
4195:
3805:
3705:
3472:
The History of the British Petroleum Company: Volume 1, The Developing Years, 1901â1932
3412:
3273:
3165:
3122:
2069:
1988:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1654:
1548:
1521:
1517:
1493:
806:
631:
463:
170:, ranging from a low of 32% for Europe and Asia, to a high of 53% for the Middle East.
167:
84:
7907:
7142:
5389:
4220:
3517:
3373:
705:
in the latter part of the war. After World War II ended in 1945, the countries of the
343:
Net income of the global oil and gas industry reached a record US$ 4 trillion in 2022.
8469:
8285:
8259:
8247:
8232:
8143:
7991:
7818:
7717:
7648:
7330:
7325:
7265:
7258:
7223:
6986:
6801:
6709:
6457:
6410:
6287:
6147:
6137:
6102:
6092:
6060:
6003:
5998:
5901:
5189:
5147:
4921:
4049:
4024:
3827:
3812:
3476:
3458:
3437:
3422:
3402:
3355:
3326:
3265:
3225:
3170:
3152:
3103:
3060:
2946:
2646:
2604:
2451:
2384:
2230:
2042:
1978:
1813:
1768:
can produce ground-level ozone pollution at higher amounts in winter than in summer.
1649:
1164:
851:
669:(1941) secured Allied control of oil-production in the Middle East. The expansion of
658:
352:
194:
156:
31:
5404:
5273:
5224:
2216:
1571:
stored in underground facilities, such as salt dome caverns and depleted reservoirs.
8748:
8571:
8499:
8494:
8062:
8040:
8000:
7976:
7940:
7912:
7892:
7840:
7685:
7625:
7420:
7203:
7171:
7159:
7040:
6925:
6842:
6784:
6420:
6415:
6379:
6218:
5961:
5946:
5923:
5896:
5467:
5439:
5263:
5234:
5209:
5184:
5167:
4748:
4469:
4072:
3990:
3908:
3746:
3627:
3450:
3318:
3277:
3257:
3160:
3142:
3095:
2999:"How Pipelines Make the Oil Market Work â Their Networks, Operation and Regulation"
2222:
2096:
2074:
1865:
1835:
1782:
1742:
1716:
1541:
1417:
745:
599:
435:
built two large pipelines: the 833 km long pipeline to transport oil from the
250:
6548:
5746:
5614:
5394:
3352:
Groundbreakers: the Story of Oilfield Technology and the People Who Made It Happen
2448:
Oil Empire: Visions of Prosperity in Austrian Galicia (Harvard Historical Studies)
400:
253:
and preserved there between hot and pressured layers, gradually transforming into
8628:
8576:
8207:
8070:
7925:
7835:
7825:
7813:
7792:
7668:
7653:
7435:
7430:
7270:
7181:
7065:
7050:
7045:
6826:
6740:
6521:
6344:
6315:
6050:
5875:
5594:
5527:
5303:
5251:
5214:
4981:
4971:
4713:
4464:
4353:
4279:
4082:
4077:
4007:
3975:
3886:
3602:
2746:
2664:
2598:
2577:
2524:
2361:
2010:
1949:
1750:
1704:
1639:
786:
702:
670:
420:
308:
178:
8755:
6903:
5537:
5399:
3523:
Mir-Yusif Mir-Babayev: The construction of unique pipeline in the Trans-Caucasus
3099:
8606:
8529:
8295:
8185:
8180:
8158:
7945:
7932:
7875:
7808:
7796:
7690:
7531:
7499:
7400:
7154:
7126:
7091:
7032:
6590:
6585:
6553:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6383:
6226:
6142:
5918:
5857:
5731:
5584:
5579:
5532:
5522:
5512:
5283:
5174:
5162:
5132:
4818:
4738:
4728:
4718:
4659:
4634:
4343:
4284:
4215:
4102:
4087:
3896:
3834:
3579:
3009:
2005:
1828:
1809:
1790:
1746:
1712:
1576:
1560:
1513:
1394:
1159:
1109:
847:
756:
635:
595:
508:. As kerosene lamps gained popularity, the refining industry grew in the area.
451:
to the Caspian. The first drilled oil wells in Baku were built in 1871â1872 by
432:
128:
5716:
5323:
3322:
1579:; and to automate communications for better pipeline and equipment monitoring.
363:
of projects shut down in Russia, and backing off from earlier plans to reduce
8770:
8736:
8643:
8153:
7788:
7598:
7415:
7410:
7275:
7112:
7096:
6964:
6950:
6831:
6794:
6725:
6657:
6651:
6636:
6531:
6516:
6424:
6075:
5928:
5891:
5865:
5706:
5651:
5502:
5487:
5313:
5157:
4886:
4843:
4808:
4437:
4318:
4291:
4225:
3617:
3392:
3156:
3107:
3064:
2307:
1945:
1805:
1728:
1611:
1505:
1501:
1432:
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546:
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280:
269:
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108:
7285:
5721:
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3147:
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played a huge role in the events of the war and the ultimate victory of the
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72:
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5798:
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5751:
5691:
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5137:
2798:
1812:. Edward Teller explained that carbon dioxide "in the atmosphere causes a
8638:
8618:
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3879:
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3642:
3612:
3607:
2308:"Why are BP, Shell, and other oil giants making so much money right now?"
2032:
1786:
1465:
1355:
1152:
1005:
706:
686:
553:
542:
520:
485:
479:
436:
3418:
Twilight in the Desert: The Coming Saudi Oil Shock and the World Economy
3261:
317:
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475:
424:
375:
120:
80:
5793:
5756:
5298:
2380:
Finders Keepers?: How the Law of Capture Shaped the World Oil Industry
764:
399:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
215:
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4338:
4019:
3647:
3574:
3532:
3518:
Mir-Yusif Mir-Babayev: Petroleum History. The first Baku oil magazine
3387:
The Money Manias: The Eras of Great Speculation in America, 1770â1970
2186:"Country Comparison :: Refined Petroleum Products â Consumption"
2037:
2015:
1913:
1802:
1708:
1567:
1537:
1453:
1366:
1313:
1086:
722:
710:
690:
584:
529:
456:
440:
360:
296:
284:
265:
148:
140:
124:
104:
5219:
5142:
2839:"The Role of National Oil Companies in the International Oil Market"
8554:
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8192:
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7588:
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4594:
4529:
4301:
4029:
3985:
3980:
3844:
3032:. European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations
2226:
1883:
1566:
Storage: Midstream service providers provide storage facilities at
1473:
1469:
1384:
1374:
1370:
726:
682:
561:
471:
448:
322:
292:
237:
100:
96:
2701:
493:
474:
company "revolutionized oil transport" by commissioning the first
233:
155:
of crude, and downstream concerns refining crude oil into various
8731:
8449:
8432:
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8080:
8010:
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4614:
4494:
4489:
4404:
1644:
1529:
1442:
1308:
1222:
694:
132:
116:
135:. The industry is usually divided into three major components:
8534:
7920:
7803:
7643:
7452:
7395:
7305:
6745:
6374:
6033:
6023:
5986:
5976:
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4941:
4828:
4813:
4803:
4763:
4677:
3196:
M D Yuniati 2018 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 118 012063
2893:
2366:. Wilson Center, Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies.
1616:
1533:
1525:
1288:
1202:
1179:
768:
721:â played a major role in setting petroleum prices and policy.
591:
182:
173:
Other geographic regions' consumption patterns are as follows:
39:
3528:
Mir-Yusif Mir-Babayev: Brief history of oil and gas production
3468:
2688:
Ref accessed 02-12-89 by technical aspects and coast mapping.
875:
Top 10 largest world oil companies by reserves and production
328:
8454:
8427:
7981:
7752:
7615:
7479:
7387:
6993:
6610:
5239:
5229:
5194:
4723:
4697:
4667:
4629:
4569:
4564:
4559:
1734:
1703:
Some petroleum industry operations have been responsible for
1626:
1552:
1377:
out to drilling contractors and oil field service companies.
1265:
1207:
1184:
1091:
1066:
1000:
444:
246:
1745:
and other air pollutants as by-products. Pollutants include
8133:
7950:
7638:
7541:
7494:
6913:
6624:
5991:
5981:
5656:
5179:
4951:
4891:
4644:
4122:
1738:
1043:
980:
957:
714:
618:. In early 1947 Superior Oil erected a drilling/production
580:
428:
3120:
2477:. The Corporation of the County of Lambton. Archived from
7295:
6614:
6536:
5384:
4783:
4649:
4422:
3370:
John D. Rockefeller The Heroic Age Of American Enterprise
3349:
3084:
2632:
2630:
1427:
1404:
1389:
855:
789:, development and production of crude oil or natural gas)
587:. A number of new tanker designs developed in the 1880s.
273:
3455:
Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry, 2nd Ed.
2326:"Crude oil including lease condensate production (Mb/d)"
4412:
3505:
The Heritage of the Oil Industry TICCIH Thematic Study
2978:. International Human Resources Development Corporation
1358:(converted to bbl of oil) for companies producing both.
1114:
835:
643:
313:
Industrial development in the Principality of Wallachia
3457:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2018, 621 pp.
3027:"The Pharmaceutical Industry in Figures Key Data 2021"
2966:
2964:
2627:
2065:
History of the petroleum industry in the United States
622:
in 20 ft (6.1 m) of water some 18 miles off
8720:
2972:"Refining and Product Specifications Module Overview"
2273:. International Energy Agency. May 2023. p. 61.
5013:
International Association of Oil & Gas Producers
3398:
The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power
3238:
2961:
2878:
Ranking by oil reserves and production, 2006 values
2445:
2304:Details for 2020 from the more detailed diagram in
2256:
1674:techniques â most notably multi-stage drilling and
3303:, 1 January 2018 (page visited on 2 January 2018).
3053:"As Oil Industry Fights a Tax, It Reaps Subsidies"
2913:International Association of oil and Gas Producers
2518:Important Discovery in the Township of Enniskillen
2419:United States Congress, Joint Economic Committee.
2289:
2287:
892:Total Reserves in Oil Equivalent Barrels (10 bbl)
778:divides the petroleum industry into five sectors:
736:With the advent of hydraulic fracturing and other
492:built one of the first modern oil-refineries near
95:. The largest volume products of the industry are
30:"Oil patch" redirects here. For the magazine, see
2507:. Lambton County Historical Society, 1982, p. 110
2221:. Chemical Industries (5th ed.). CRC Press.
1941:Chronology of world oil market events (1970â2005)
147:. Upstream regards exploration and extraction of
8768:
1936:List of largest oil and gas companies by revenue
1931:List of oil exploration and production companies
1820:could "melt the icecaps and submerge New York".
3127:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2600:Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry
2284:
3401:, (Simon and Schuster 1991; paperback, 1993),
3372:(1940); 710pp; favorable scholarly biography;
2001:Environmental impact of the petroleum industry
1688:Environmental impact of the petroleum industry
5076:
3548:
2346:N.Y. Krylov, A.A. Bokserman, E.R.Stavrovsky.
2296:"Big Oil doubles profits in blockbuster 2022"
689:military in 1942, while Romania deprived the
560:, typically considered the first true modern
3050:
2544:. 20 January 1862. p. 2. Archived from
2469:
2467:
2190:Central Intelligence Agency â World Factbook
657:from Romania, Baku, the Middle East and the
3379:Ordons Oil & Gas Information & News
3315:Alternative Energy Sources and Technologies
3044:
2348:The Oil Industry of the Former Soviet Union
2060:History of the petroleum industry in Canada
1904:Instrumentation in petrochemical industries
1879:Corrosion inhibitors for petroleum industry
1846:since the middle of the twentieth century.
1793:. In 1959, at a symposium organised by the
1741:). The combustion of fossil fuels produces
575:, was built in 1878 in Sweden, designed by
151:, midstream encompasses transportation and
5083:
5069:
3555:
3541:
2830:
2580:"10 Moments That Made American Business,"
2408:The Caspian: Politics, Energy and Security
2251:The Middle East in International Relations
367:. Record profits sparked public calls for
3469:Ronald W. Ferrier; J. H. Bamberg (1982).
3289:
3287:
3164:
3146:
2773:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2725:American Oil & Gas Historical Society
2669:American Oil & Gas Historical Society
2593:
2516:Sarnia Observer and Lambton Advertiser, "
2464:
2402:
2400:
2253:: Cambridge University Press: US, p. 270
2218:The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum
2161:"Daily global crude oil demand 2006â2020"
1825:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
630:Oil Industries, as operator for partners
27:Extraction and sale of petroleum products
2376:
2359:
2328:. U.S. Energy Information Administration
755:
515:in Canada became operational in 1858 at
374:
346:
338:
327:
316:
227:
214:
38:
4475:China National Offshore Oil Corporation
2745:Farah, Stanley, Rachel (24 July 2018).
2243:
2214:
1681:
1354: : Total energy output, including
889:Worldwide Natural Gas Reserves (10 ft)
14:
8769:
8104:
4349:Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir
4108:2020 RussiaâSaudi Arabia oil price war
3562:
3312:
3284:
2996:
2889:"The World's 25 Biggest Oil Companies"
2397:
2293:
2158:
8318:
8103:
7373:
5837:
5836:
5103:
5064:
3536:
2836:
2744:
2662:
2421:The Former Soviet Union in Transition
1974:World oil market chronology from 2003
1764:Researchers have discovered that the
1699:Oil pollution toxicity to marine fish
545:'s well located oil within a bedrock
189:(40%). The world consumes 36 billion
8690:
5090:
4480:China National Petroleum Corporation
3350:Mau, Mark; Edmundson, Henry (2015).
3226:"Air Quality Planning and Standards"
2665:"Horse-Drawn Oil Wagon seeks Museum"
2564:
2305:
1984:Oil and gas law in the United States
1707:through by-products of refining and
886:Worldwide Liquids Reserves (10 bbl)
385:
193:(5.8 km) of oil per year, with
3051:Kocieniewski, David (3 July 2010).
2997:Trench, Cheryl J. (December 2001).
2939:"The Transportation of Natural Gas"
2475:"Black Gold: Canada's Oil Heritage"
2318:
2314:from the original on 22 April 2023.
2302:from the original on 31 March 2023.
2280:from the original on 7 August 2023.
2080:List of countries by oil production
219:Oil Field in Baku, Azerbaijan, 1926
63:, includes the global processes of
24:
7374:
5104:
4540:National Iranian South Oil Company
4256:Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin
3491:Concise History of Azerbaijani Oil
3343:
2436:. Pearson Education, 2000. p. 223.
1692:
826:used to be classified by sales as
107:is also the raw material for many
25:
8798:
5008:Intercontinental Exchange Futures
4897:Chicago Bridge & Iron Company
4550:Oil & Gas Development Company
3511:
3493:. Baku, Azerneshr, (2008), 340pp.
2718:
2135:All pages with titles containing
2125:All pages with titles containing
2115:All pages with titles containing
1771:
302:
211:History of the petroleum industry
197:being the largest consumers. The
8754:
8742:
8730:
8701:
8689:
8678:
8677:
5045:
5044:
2837:Pirog, Robert (21 August 2007).
2663:Wells, Bruce (9 December 2021).
2538:"Extraordinary Flowing Oil Well"
1722:
1660:
1347:
1330:
1307:
1287:
1264:
1244:
1221:
1201:
1178:
1158:
1151:
1128:
1108:
1085:
1065:
1042:
1022:
999:
979:
956:
936:
913:
498:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
496:(then in the Austrian dependent
390:
260:
8702:
6237:Outdoors & sports equipment
4555:Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
3475:. Cambridge UP. pp. Aâ13.
3421:, John Wiley & Sons, 2005,
3306:
3232:
3218:
3208:
3199:
3190:
3181:
3114:
3078:
3019:
2990:
2931:
2901:
2881:
2812:
2781:
2738:
2712:
2694:
2682:
2656:
2639:
2587:
2530:
2510:
2497:
2439:
2426:
2413:
2370:
2294:Bousso, Ron (8 February 2023).
1909:Standardization in oil industry
1868:, an early oil industry pioneer
1808:warned of the danger of global
5023:Society of Petroleum Engineers
4794:Port Harcourt Refining Company
4460:Abu Dhabi National Oil Company
2846:Congressional Research Service
2597:(2 March 2009). "Titusville".
2353:
2340:
2306:King, Ben (12 February 2023).
2264:"World Energy Investment 2023"
2208:
2178:
2152:
1668:subsidy to petroleum companies
1414:First Texas Energy Corporation
283:however, evolved slowly, with
13:
1:
6241:Personal protective equipment
3969:Production sharing agreements
3500:, 2017, v. 18, #1, pp. 25â34.
3313:MartĂn, Mariano, ed. (2016).
2145:
2109:Continuous Drilling Provision
1844:observed temperature increase
1622:Kinder Morgan Energy Partners
667:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
223:
5003:Canadian petroleum companies
4998:American Petroleum Institute
4535:National Iranian Oil Company
4520:Kuwait Petroleum Corporation
2794:American Petroleum Institute
2721:"Offshore Petroleum History"
2450:. Harvard University Press.
2446:Frank, Alison Fleig (2005).
2432:Quoted from: Tatyana Saiko.
2423:. M.E. Sharpe, 1993. p. 463.
2360:Altstadt, Audrey L. (1980).
1795:American Petroleum Institute
1604:Enterprise Products Partners
1448:
1349:
1294:Kuwait Petroleum Corporation
873:
868:"independents" or "jobbers".
776:American Petroleum Institute
751:
272:to keep fires ablaze and in
7:
8319:
5018:International Energy Agency
4003:Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
3434:Oil: Anatomy of an Industry
3100:10.1016/j.enpol.2013.10.017
2505:Canada West's Last Frontier
2406:Shirin Akiner, Anne Aldis.
1853:
1645:Targray Natural Gas Liquids
871:and by production in 2012.
818:
733:and North and West Africa.
624:Vermilion Parish, Louisiana
616:Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana
415:Top oil-producing countries
357:Russian invasion of Ukraine
10:
8803:
4605:PTT Public Company Limited
4206:East Midlands Oil Province
4191:List of natural gas fields
3791:Integrated asset modelling
3498:Oil-Industry History (USA)
2377:Daintith, Terence (2010).
2350:. CRC Press, 1998. P. 187.
2091:Industry Research Projects
2085:Oil industry in Azerbaijan
2028:Abiogenic petroleum origin
1919:List of crude oil products
1797:for the centennial of the
1775:
1755:volatile organic compounds
1726:
1696:
1685:
1365:Most upstream work in the
803:, retailers and consumers)
351:After recovering from the
306:
208:
204:
29:
8672:
8520:
8403:
8329:
8325:
8314:
8273:
8223:
8116:
8112:
8099:
7966:
7906:
7863:
7733:
7624:
7564:
7468:
7386:
7382:
7369:
7234:
7125:
7031:
6688:
6456:
6256:
5856:
5849:
5845:
5832:
5639:
5460:
5346:
5123:
5116:
5112:
5099:
5040:
4990:
4977:Weatherford International
4856:
4706:
4658:
4510:Iraq National Oil Company
4446:
4403:
4388:
4379:
4264:
4181:
4063:
3949:
3843:
3771:
3714:
3673:
3666:
3588:
3570:
3323:10.1007/978-3-319-28752-2
1719:and thermal remediation.
1345:
911:
899:
896:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
513:first commercial oil-well
8550:Mergers and acquisitions
8291:Research and development
6656:Chemical & hormonal
6311:Communications equipment
3389:(1973) reprinted (2000).
2410:. Routledge, 2004. p. 5.
2048:Thermal depolymerization
1969:Oil imperialism theories
1831:in 1988, concludes that
1816:" and that burning more
1640:Targa Midstream Services
1599:Enbridge Energy Partners
701:) considerably weakened
558:Titusville, Pennsylvania
502:Central European Galicia
478:and launching it on the
365:greenhouse gas emissions
295:could be extracted from
7341:Painting and decorating
6365:Medical imaging systems
6298:Parts & peripherals
5028:World Petroleum Council
4902:China Oilfield Services
3959:Petroleum fiscal regime
3658:Western Canadian Select
3653:West Texas Intermediate
3148:10.1073/pnas.1100682108
2706:www.project-redsand.com
2527:," 5 August 1858, p. 2.
2503:Turnbull Elford, Jean.
2215:Speight, James (2014).
1925:Financial and political
640:Stanolind Oil & Gas
359:, falling debt levels,
8787:Industries (economics)
8654:State-owned enterprise
8634:Nonprofit organization
8545:Horizontal integration
6358:Scientific instruments
6321:Network infrastructure
4505:Indian Oil Corporation
3991:Submersible pump (ESP)
3936:Underbalanced drilling
3757:of gasoline and diesel
2868:Cite journal requires
2762:Cite journal requires
1766:petrochemical industry
1594:DCP Midstream Partners
1510:Natural gas processing
1484:include distillation,
1482:Oil refining processes
771:
612:ExxonMobil Corporation
380:
372:
344:
336:
325:
279:Its importance to the
241:
232:Natural oil spring in
220:
48:
7997:Private investigation
4882:Cameron International
4324:Petrodollar recycling
4307:fossil fuel phase-out
3870:Differential sticking
3823:Reflection seismology
3796:Petroleum engineering
3638:OPEC Reference Basket
3489:Miryusif Mirbabayev,
2824:Oil & Gas Journal
1899:Integrated operations
1799:American oil industry
1778:Fossil fuel phase-out
1672:enhanced oil recovery
1472:for use in vehicles,
897:Company (Production)
759:
655:control of oil supply
567:The first successful
525:James Miller Williams
378:
350:
342:
331:
320:
289:Industrial Revolution
231:
218:
42:
8565:Vertical integration
6571:Speciality chemicals
6411:Electrical equipment
6328:Consumer electronics
4779:Occidental Petroleum
4093:1990 oil price shock
3919:Shale oil extraction
3892:Drilling engineering
3875:Directional drilling
3801:Reservoir simulation
3015:on 28 December 2013.
3006:Allegro Energy Group
2826:. 15 September 2008.
2595:Vassiliou, Marius S.
2434:Environmental Crises
1995:Environmental issues
1682:Environmental impact
1676:hydraulic fracturing
608:Superior Oil Company
517:Oil Springs, Ontario
55:, also known as the
8649:Sole proprietorship
8624:Joint-stock company
7898:Veterinary medicine
7723:Property management
7517:Passenger transport
6544:Commodity chemicals
6370:Optical instruments
6338:Video game consoles
6231:Musical instruments
6072:Media reproduction
4927:Naftiran Intertrade
4872:Amec Foster Wheeler
4799:Reliance Industries
4688:Naftiran Intertrade
4500:Hindustan Petroleum
4098:2000s energy crisis
3436:(New Press, 2004),
3262:10.1038/nature13767
3254:2014Natur.514..351E
3139:2011PNAS..108.8172O
2919:on 22 November 2013
2054:Oil-producing areas
1632:Plains All American
1490:catalytic reforming
1486:vacuum distillation
883:Company (Reserves)
876:
738:horizontal drilling
699:submarine campaigns
685:oil-fields for the
679:Operation Edelweiss
604:Chevron Corporation
590:In the early 1930s
579:. It operated from
8777:Petroleum industry
8597:Putting-out system
8106:Information sector
8027:Personal services
7634:Financial services
7106:offshore platforms
6955:advanced materials
6936:Ready-mix concrete
6389:Laser construction
6349:Clocks and watches
6183:Injection moulding
6154:Other fabrication
6107:household hardware
4774:Marathon Petroleum
4196:List of oil fields
3806:Reservoir modeling
3564:Petroleum industry
3413:Matthew R. Simmons
3057:The New York Times
2801:on 25 January 2012
2789:"Industry Sectors"
2576:2008-04-20 at the
2571:John Steele Gordon
2523:2015-04-03 at the
2127:petroleum industry
2070:List of oil fields
1989:Fossil fuels lobby
1964:Petroleum politics
1959:Energy development
1954:1979 energy crisis
1785:caused by burning
1655:Williams Companies
1577:leaks in pipelines
1518:glycol dehydration
1494:catalytic cracking
874:
814:service and supply
772:
632:Phillips Petroleum
606:) and its partner
556:'s 1859 well near
490:Ignacy Ćukasiewicz
464:Apsheron Peninsula
381:
373:
345:
337:
326:
242:
221:
168:energy consumption
93:petroleum products
53:petroleum industry
49:
8718:
8717:
8668:
8667:
8664:
8663:
8495:Natural resources
8340:Production-based
8310:
8309:
8306:
8305:
8248:Vocational school
8095:
8094:
8091:
8090:
7365:
7364:
7361:
7360:
7326:Electrical wiring
7312:Specialty trades
7266:Civil engineering
7121:
7120:
6795:Vulcanized rubber
6591:Cleaning products
6431:Electric lighting
6148:Surface finishing
6138:Powder metallurgy
6093:Metal fabrication
5839:Industrial sector
5828:
5827:
5824:
5823:
5727:Rare-earth metals
5635:
5634:
5058:
5057:
5036:
5035:
4922:Nabors Industries
4852:
4851:
4050:Well intervention
4025:Petroleum product
3924:Ljungström method
3828:Seismic inversion
3813:Petroleum geology
3767:
3766:
3463:978-1-5381-1159-8
3432:Matthew Yeomans,
3354:. UK: FastPrint.
3332:978-3-319-28750-8
3293:Benjamin Franta,
3248:(7522): 351â354.
3133:(20): 8172â8176.
2949:on 1 January 2011
2702:"Project Redsand"
2582:American Heritage
2457:978-0-674-01887-7
2390:978-1-936331-76-5
2043:Petroleum geology
1979:Oil-storage trade
1860:Industry pioneers
1827:, founded by the
1814:greenhouse effect
1363:
1362:
1359:
1165:Royal Dutch Shell
900:Output (Millions
659:Dutch East Indies
592:the Texas Company
412:
411:
353:COVID-19 pandemic
195:developed nations
109:chemical products
32:Oil Patch Hotline
16:(Redirected from
8794:
8759:
8758:
8747:
8746:
8745:
8735:
8734:
8726:
8705:
8704:
8693:
8692:
8681:
8680:
8577:Enforced breakup
8572:Decentralization
8500:Physical capital
8327:
8326:
8316:
8315:
8114:
8113:
8101:
8100:
7977:Customer service
7893:Residential care
7841:Public relations
7649:Financial advice
7626:Asset management
7421:Department store
7384:
7383:
7371:
7370:
7351:Site preparation
7199:Telecom networks
7167:Waste management
7143:Gas distribution
6827:Synthetic fibers
6554:Industrial gases
6293:Computer systems
6227:Medical supplies
5854:
5853:
5847:
5846:
5834:
5833:
5264:Animal husbandry
5235:Medicinal plants
5121:
5120:
5114:
5113:
5101:
5100:
5085:
5078:
5071:
5062:
5061:
5048:
5047:
4749:Hess Corporation
4470:Bharat Petroleum
4401:
4400:
4386:
4385:
4073:1967 Oil Embargo
3909:Lost circulation
3747:Posted oil price
3671:
3670:
3628:Isthmus-34 Light
3557:
3550:
3543:
3534:
3533:
3486:
3451:Marius Vassiliou
3365:
3361:978-178456-187-1
3337:
3336:
3310:
3304:
3291:
3282:
3281:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3222:
3216:
3212:
3206:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3168:
3150:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3031:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3008:. Archived from
3003:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2976:Petroleum Online
2968:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2945:. Archived from
2935:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2915:. Archived from
2905:
2899:
2898:
2885:
2879:
2877:
2871:
2866:
2864:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2843:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2797:, archived from
2785:
2779:
2778:
2771:
2765:
2760:
2758:
2750:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2698:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2660:
2654:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2617:
2591:
2585:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2555:
2553:
2534:
2528:
2514:
2508:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2488:
2486:
2471:
2462:
2461:
2443:
2437:
2430:
2424:
2417:
2411:
2404:
2395:
2394:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2357:
2351:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2303:
2291:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2268:
2260:
2254:
2249:Halliday, Fred.
2247:
2241:
2240:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2192:. Archived from
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2156:
2140:
2130:
2120:
2097:TaskForceMajella
2075:Oil megaprojects
2006:Greenhouse gases
1866:Faustino Piaggio
1842:for most of the
1836:greenhouse gases
1783:Greenhouse gases
1743:greenhouse gases
1717:phytoremediation
1636:Sunoco Logistics
1617:Inergy Midstream
1542:natural gasoline
1353:
1346:
1335:
1334:
1312:
1311:
1292:
1291:
1269:
1268:
1249:
1248:
1226:
1225:
1206:
1205:
1183:
1182:
1163:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1133:
1132:
1113:
1112:
1090:
1089:
1070:
1069:
1047:
1046:
1027:
1026:
1004:
1003:
984:
983:
961:
960:
941:
940:
918:
917:
877:
600:Pure Oil Company
394:
393:
386:
245:and pressure in
21:
8802:
8801:
8797:
8796:
8795:
8793:
8792:
8791:
8767:
8766:
8765:
8753:
8743:
8741:
8729:
8721:
8719:
8714:
8713:
8660:
8629:Nationalization
8516:
8486:Primary inputs
8407:
8399:
8332:
8331:Classification
8321:
8302:
8269:
8219:
8203:Social networks
8120:
8108:
8087:
8071:Business travel
7973:Administrative
7962:
7946:Amusement parks
7910:
7902:
7876:Dentist offices
7859:
7729:
7696:Pension funding
7669:Risk management
7654:Holding company
7620:
7560:
7472:
7464:
7436:Specialty store
7431:Online shopping
7378:
7357:
7230:
7117:
7027:
6684:
6642:Pharmaceuticals
6586:Aroma compounds
6522:Petroleum jelly
6452:
6441:Home appliances
6436:Electric motors
6384:spotting scopes
6345:Instrumentation
6258:
6252:
6234:Office supplies
5841:
5820:
5804:Dimension stone
5738:Other minerals
5683:Mining of ores
5631:
5456:
5342:
5289:Other livestock
5175:Permanent crops
5108:
5095:
5089:
5059:
5054:
5032:
4986:
4982:John Wood Group
4972:Valaris Limited
4865:
4862:
4859:
4848:
4714:APA Corporation
4702:
4654:
4453:
4450:
4442:
4397:
4394:
4391:
4381:
4375:
4276:Classification
4260:
4183:
4177:
4113:Nationalization
4083:1979 oil crisis
4078:1973 oil crisis
4059:
4045:Water injection
4013:Steam injection
4008:Gas reinjection
3976:Artificial lift
3945:
3887:Drill stem test
3839:
3763:
3710:
3662:
3584:
3566:
3561:
3514:
3483:
3362:
3346:
3344:Further reading
3341:
3340:
3333:
3311:
3307:
3292:
3285:
3237:
3233:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3213:
3209:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3191:
3186:
3182:
3119:
3115:
3083:
3079:
3069:
3067:
3049:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3012:
3001:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2979:
2970:
2969:
2962:
2952:
2950:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2922:
2920:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2897:. 16 July 2012.
2887:
2886:
2882:
2869:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2850:
2848:
2841:
2835:
2831:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2804:
2802:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2772:
2763:
2761:
2752:
2751:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2717:
2713:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2687:
2683:
2673:
2671:
2661:
2657:
2644:
2640:
2635:
2628:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2592:
2588:
2578:Wayback Machine
2569:
2565:
2551:
2549:
2548:on 3 April 2015
2536:
2535:
2531:
2525:Wayback Machine
2515:
2511:
2502:
2498:
2484:
2482:
2481:on 29 July 2013
2473:
2472:
2465:
2458:
2444:
2440:
2431:
2427:
2418:
2414:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2375:
2371:
2358:
2354:
2345:
2341:
2331:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2292:
2285:
2277:
2266:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2248:
2244:
2237:
2213:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2196:on 16 June 2013
2184:
2183:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2159:Sönnichsen, N.
2157:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2133:
2123:
2113:
2011:Routine flaring
1950:1973 oil crisis
1856:
1780:
1774:
1751:sulphur dioxide
1747:nitrogen oxides
1731:
1725:
1705:water pollution
1701:
1695:
1693:Water pollution
1690:
1684:
1663:
1451:
1329:
1306:
1286:
1263:
1243:
1220:
1200:
1177:
1157:
1150:
1127:
1107:
1084:
1064:
1041:
1021:
998:
978:
955:
935:
912:
821:
754:
675:Allied blockade
532:, arguing that
523:). Businessman
421:Imperial Russia
418:
417:
416:
413:
408:
395:
391:
361:tax write-downs
315:
309:Petroleum Trail
305:
263:
226:
213:
207:
179:Central America
113:pharmaceuticals
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8800:
8790:
8789:
8784:
8779:
8764:
8763:
8761:Global warming
8751:
8739:
8716:
8715:
8712:
8711:
8699:
8687:
8674:
8673:
8670:
8669:
8666:
8665:
8662:
8661:
8659:
8658:
8657:
8656:
8651:
8646:
8641:
8636:
8631:
8626:
8621:
8611:
8610:
8609:
8607:Temporary work
8604:
8599:
8594:
8589:
8584:
8579:
8569:
8568:
8567:
8562:
8557:
8552:
8547:
8542:
8537:
8530:Centralization
8526:
8524:
8518:
8517:
8515:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8503:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8484:
8479:
8478:
8477:
8472:
8467:
8462:
8452:
8447:
8446:
8445:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8425:
8414:
8412:
8401:
8400:
8398:
8397:
8396:
8395:
8390:
8385:
8377:
8376:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8346:
8337:
8335:
8323:
8322:
8312:
8311:
8308:
8307:
8304:
8303:
8301:
8300:
8299:
8298:
8296:Basic research
8288:
8283:
8277:
8275:
8271:
8270:
8268:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8256:
8255:
8250:
8240:
8235:
8229:
8227:
8221:
8220:
8218:
8217:
8216:
8215:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8190:
8189:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8168:
8167:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8148:
8147:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8127:
8125:
8110:
8109:
8097:
8096:
8093:
8092:
8089:
8088:
8086:
8085:
8084:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8065:
8060:
8059:
8058:
8053:
8048:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8025:
8020:
8019:
8018:
8013:
8005:
8004:
8003:
7994:
7989:
7984:
7979:
7970:
7968:
7964:
7963:
7961:
7960:
7959:
7958:
7953:
7948:
7943:
7935:
7930:
7929:
7928:
7917:
7915:
7904:
7903:
7901:
7900:
7895:
7890:
7889:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7869:
7867:
7861:
7860:
7858:
7857:
7856:
7855:
7845:
7844:
7843:
7838:
7828:
7826:Legal services
7823:
7822:
7821:
7816:
7811:
7801:
7800:
7799:
7797:system testing
7786:
7781:
7767:
7766:
7765:
7760:
7755:
7750:
7739:
7737:
7731:
7730:
7728:
7727:
7726:
7725:
7720:
7710:
7709:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7693:
7688:
7678:
7677:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7659:Money transfer
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7630:
7628:
7622:
7621:
7619:
7618:
7613:
7612:
7611:
7606:
7601:
7596:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7570:
7568:
7562:
7561:
7559:
7558:
7557:
7556:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7532:Passenger rail
7529:
7524:
7514:
7513:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7500:Moving company
7497:
7492:
7487:
7476:
7474:
7466:
7465:
7463:
7462:
7461:
7460:
7455:
7450:
7440:
7439:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7406:Consumer goods
7403:
7401:Car dealership
7392:
7390:
7380:
7379:
7376:Service sector
7367:
7366:
7363:
7362:
7359:
7358:
7356:
7355:
7354:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7310:
7309:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7273:
7263:
7262:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7240:
7238:
7232:
7231:
7229:
7228:
7227:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7196:
7191:
7190:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7164:
7163:
7162:
7152:
7151:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7131:
7129:
7123:
7122:
7119:
7118:
7116:
7115:
7110:
7109:
7108:
7099:
7094:
7079:
7074:
7073:
7072:
7063:
7058:
7053:
7048:
7037:
7035:
7033:Heavy industry
7029:
7028:
7026:
7025:
7020:
7019:
7018:
7013:
7003:
7002:
7001:
6991:
6990:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6972:Metal refining
6969:
6968:
6967:
6965:Synthetic gems
6962:
6957:
6948:
6942:Other mineral
6940:
6939:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6918:
6917:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6886:
6885:
6884:
6879:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6832:Thermoplastics
6829:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6799:
6798:
6797:
6792:
6782:
6781:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6755:
6754:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6723:
6722:
6721:
6712:
6707:
6692:
6690:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6681:
6680:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6658:contraceptives
6654:
6652:Blood products
6649:
6639:
6637:Fine chemicals
6634:
6633:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6568:
6567:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6541:
6540:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6517:Petrochemicals
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6462:
6460:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6450:
6449:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6418:
6408:
6407:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6377:
6367:
6362:
6361:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6342:
6341:
6340:
6335:
6325:
6324:
6323:
6318:
6308:
6307:
6306:
6300:
6295:
6285:
6284:
6283:
6281:Semiconductors
6278:
6276:Circuit boards
6273:
6262:
6260:
6254:
6253:
6251:
6250:
6249:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6235:
6232:
6229:
6224:
6221:
6216:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6152:
6151:
6150:
6145:
6143:Prefabrication
6140:
6135:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6100:
6090:
6089:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6076:Cassette tapes
6070:
6069:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6038:
6037:
6036:
6031:
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5954:
5944:
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5942:
5937:
5934:
5931:
5926:
5916:
5915:
5914:
5912:Vegetable oils
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5886:
5885:Dairy products
5883:
5878:
5873:
5862:
5860:
5858:Light industry
5851:
5843:
5842:
5830:
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5826:
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5457:
5455:
5454:
5453:
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5447:
5440:Wild mushrooms
5437:
5436:
5435:
5430:
5417:
5415:Natural rubber
5412:
5407:
5402:
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5392:
5382:
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5364:
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5222:
5217:
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5207:
5202:
5200:Tropical fruit
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5133:Arable farming
5129:
5127:
5118:
5110:
5109:
5106:Natural sector
5097:
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5073:
5065:
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5041:
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4819:Surgutneftegas
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4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4739:Eneos Holdings
4736:
4731:
4729:ConocoPhillips
4726:
4721:
4719:Cenovus Energy
4716:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4703:
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4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
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4662:
4660:Energy trading
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4344:Swing producer
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4218:
4216:Gulf of Mexico
4213:
4208:
4203:
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4187:
4185:
4179:
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4170:
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4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4103:2010s oil glut
4100:
4095:
4090:
4088:1980s oil glut
4085:
4080:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
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3938:
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3928:
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3926:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3897:Drilling fluid
3894:
3889:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3872:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3835:Seismic source
3832:
3831:
3830:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3777:
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3661:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3633:Japan Cocktail
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3594:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3580:Primary energy
3577:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3560:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3513:
3512:External links
3510:
3509:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3482:978-0521246477
3481:
3466:
3448:
3445:
3430:
3410:
3390:
3381:
3376:
3368:Nevins, Alan.
3366:
3360:
3345:
3342:
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3338:
3331:
3305:
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3217:
3207:
3198:
3189:
3180:
3113:
3077:
3043:
3018:
2989:
2960:
2943:NaturalGas.org
2930:
2900:
2880:
2870:|journal=
2829:
2811:
2780:
2764:|journal=
2737:
2719:Wells, Bruce.
2711:
2693:
2681:
2655:
2638:
2626:
2610:978-0810862883
2609:
2586:
2563:
2542:Hamilton Times
2529:
2509:
2496:
2463:
2456:
2438:
2425:
2412:
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2369:
2352:
2339:
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2283:
2255:
2242:
2236:978-1439873892
2235:
2227:10.1201/b16559
2207:
2177:
2150:
2149:
2147:
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2131:
2121:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2103:Other articles
2100:
2099:
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2092:
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1873:Oil production
1870:
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1857:
1855:
1852:
1829:United Nations
1810:climate change
1791:climate change
1773:
1772:Climate change
1770:
1724:
1721:
1713:bioremediation
1694:
1691:
1686:Main article:
1683:
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1652:
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1637:
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1627:Oneok Partners
1624:
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1609:
1608:Genesis Energy
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1588:
1581:
1580:
1572:
1564:
1545:
1522:amine treating
1462:
1450:
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1395:ConocoPhillips
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848:ConocoPhillips
820:
817:
816:
815:
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809:
804:
790:
753:
750:
681:to secure the
671:Imperial Japan
636:ConocoPhillips
596:Gulf of Mexico
433:Russian Empire
414:
410:
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398:
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389:
384:
383:
382:
369:windfall taxes
304:
303:Modern history
301:
262:
259:
255:oil reservoirs
225:
222:
209:Main article:
206:
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77:transportation
26:
9:
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4:
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8644:Privatization
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8418:Externalities
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8379:Market-based
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8150:Audio-visual
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7908:Entertainment
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7664:Payment cards
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7599:Food delivery
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7473:& Storage
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7444:
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7437:
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7419:
7417:
7416:Grocery store
7414:
7412:
7411:General store
7409:
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7399:
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7133:
7132:
7130:
7128:
7124:
7114:
7111:
7107:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7097:Rail vehicles
7095:
7093:
7089:
7086:
7085:
7084:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7071:
7070:wind turbines
7067:
7064:
7062:
7061:Machine tools
7059:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7043:
7042:
7039:
7038:
7036:
7034:
7030:
7024:
7021:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7008:
7007:
7004:
7000:
6997:
6996:
6995:
6992:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6974:
6973:
6970:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6952:
6951:Carbon fibers
6949:
6947:
6944:
6943:
6941:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6923:
6922:
6919:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6891:
6890:
6887:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6845:
6844:
6841:
6837:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6804:
6803:
6800:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6787:
6786:
6783:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6760:
6759:
6756:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6728:
6727:
6724:
6720:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6702:
6699:
6698:
6697:
6694:
6693:
6691:
6687:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6668:Illegal drugs
6666:
6664:
6663:Generic drugs
6661:
6659:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6644:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6581:Agrochemicals
6579:
6577:
6574:
6573:
6572:
6569:
6565:
6564:Pure elements
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6546:
6545:
6542:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6532:Synthetic oil
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6469:
6468:
6464:
6463:
6461:
6459:
6455:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6426:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6413:
6412:
6409:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6394:Lens grinding
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6372:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6346:
6343:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6330:
6329:
6326:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6316:Mobile phones
6314:
6313:
6312:
6309:
6305:
6304:storage media
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6290:
6289:
6286:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6268:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6259:& optical
6255:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6236:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6153:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6095:
6094:
6091:
6087:
6086:Optical discs
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6073:
6071:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6043:
6042:
6039:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6001:
6000:
5997:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5949:
5948:
5945:
5941:
5938:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5929:Bottled water
5927:
5925:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5917:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5868:
5867:
5864:
5863:
5861:
5859:
5855:
5852:
5850:Manufacturing
5848:
5844:
5840:
5835:
5831:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5767:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5739:
5737:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5648:
5645:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5610:Sea cucumbers
5608:
5606:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5548:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5459:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5438:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5374:
5371:
5370:
5369:
5366:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5349:
5345:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5332:
5329:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5274:Dairy farming
5272:
5270:
5267:
5266:
5265:
5262:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5245:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5180:Apples et al.
5178:
5177:
5176:
5173:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5102:
5098:
5094:
5086:
5081:
5079:
5074:
5072:
5067:
5066:
5063:
5051:
5043:
5042:
5039:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4993:
4989:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4855:
4845:
4844:Valero Energy
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4809:Suncor Energy
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4705:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4661:
4657:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4445:
4439:
4438:TotalEnergies
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4387:
4384:
4382:organisations
4380:Companies and
4378:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4319:Petrocurrency
4317:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4292:Oil shale gas
4290:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4272:Abbreviations
4270:
4269:
4267:
4263:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4231:Permian Basin
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4180:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:United States
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4128:Seven Sisters
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3948:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3781:Core sampling
3779:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3618:Indian Basket
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3565:
3558:
3553:
3551:
3546:
3544:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3506:
3503:James Douet,
3502:
3499:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3467:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3442:1-56584-885-3
3439:
3435:
3431:
3428:
3427:0-471-73876-X
3424:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3407:0-671-79932-0
3404:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3393:Daniel Yergin
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3353:
3348:
3347:
3334:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3290:
3288:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3235:
3227:
3221:
3211:
3202:
3193:
3184:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3117:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3088:Energy Policy
3081:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3047:
3028:
3022:
3011:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2977:
2973:
2967:
2965:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2904:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2875:
2862:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2776:
2769:
2756:
2748:
2741:
2726:
2722:
2715:
2707:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2685:
2670:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2651:0-8179-6581-5
2648:
2642:
2633:
2631:
2623:
2612:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2590:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2572:
2567:
2560:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2513:
2506:
2500:
2493:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2459:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2429:
2422:
2416:
2409:
2403:
2401:
2392:
2386:
2383:. Earthscan.
2382:
2381:
2373:
2365:
2364:
2356:
2349:
2343:
2327:
2321:
2313:
2309:
2301:
2297:
2290:
2288:
2276:
2272:
2265:
2259:
2252:
2246:
2238:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2211:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2151:
2139:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
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2058:
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2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:Energy crisis
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1851:
1847:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1833:human-sourced
1830:
1826:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1806:Edward Teller
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1729:Air pollution
1723:Air pollution
1720:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1700:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1661:Social impact
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1612:Gibson Energy
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:Bridger Group
1589:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1506:hydrotreating
1503:
1502:isomerization
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1433:TotalEnergies
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1357:
1352:
1351:
1344:
1340:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1161:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1002:
997:
994:
993:
989:
987:
982:
977:
975:
972:
969:
966:
964:
959:
954:
951:
950:
946:
944:
939:
934:
932:
929:
926:
923:
921:
916:
908:
907:
903:
878:
872:
869:
865:
861:
860:TotalEnergies
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
831:
825:
824:Oil companies
813:
810:
808:
805:
802:
798:
794:
791:
788:
784:
781:
780:
779:
777:
770:
766:
762:
758:
749:
747:
743:
742:Permian Basin
739:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
693:of access to
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
610:(now part of
609:
605:
602:(now part of
601:
597:
593:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
565:
563:
559:
555:
550:
548:
544:
539:
535:
531:
526:
522:
518:
514:
509:
507:
506:kerosene lamp
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
406:
405:MediaWiki.org
402:
397:
388:
387:
377:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
349:
341:
334:
330:
324:
321:Oil wells in
319:
314:
310:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
281:world economy
277:
275:
271:
270:human history
267:
261:Early history
258:
256:
252:
251:Earth's crust
248:
239:
235:
230:
217:
212:
202:
200:
199:United States
196:
192:
188:
187:North America
184:
180:
176:
171:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
8782:Fossil fuels
8707:
8695:
8683:
8602:Spinning-off
8587:Homesteading
8540:Conglomerate
8522:Organization
8475:Raw material
8470:Intermediate
8349:
8348:
8171:Broadcasting
8076:Cruise lines
8046:Maid service
8036:Dry cleaning
8007:Maintenance
7770:Architecture
7735:Professional
7554:Self storage
7458:Distribution
7236:Construction
7081:Other heavy
7006:Formed metal
6960:Mineral wool
6882:Safety glass
6853:Fused quartz
6848:Borosilicate
6512:Paraffin wax
6467:oil refining
6446:Transformers
6212:Other goods
6198:Stonemasonry
6178:Glassblowing
6163:Blow molding
6122:Locksmithing
6098:Boilermaking
5671:
5647:Fossil fuels
5445:Fungiculture
5400:Gutta-percha
5390:Frankincense
5385:Tree tapping
5356:Silviculture
5336:Fur trapping
5247:Horticulture
5195:Stone fruits
4947:Schlumberger
4877:Baker Hughes
4769:Marathon Oil
4759:Imperial Oil
4754:Husky Energy
4744:Galp Energia
4734:Devon Energy
4620:Saudi Aramco
4600:Petrovietnam
4545:NNPC Limited
4449:National oil
4329:Petrofiction
4297:Orphan wells
4265:Other topics
4236:Persian Gulf
4163:Saudi Arabia
4133:Standard Oil
3941:Well logging
3818:Petrophysics
3563:
3504:
3497:
3490:
3471:
3454:
3433:
3416:
3396:
3386:
3384:Robert Sobel
3369:
3351:
3314:
3308:
3300:The Guardian
3298:
3245:
3241:
3234:
3220:
3210:
3201:
3192:
3183:
3130:
3126:
3116:
3091:
3087:
3080:
3068:. Retrieved
3056:
3046:
3034:. Retrieved
3021:
3010:the original
3005:
2992:
2980:. Retrieved
2975:
2951:. Retrieved
2947:the original
2942:
2933:
2921:. Retrieved
2917:the original
2912:
2909:"Membership"
2903:
2892:
2883:
2861:cite journal
2851:17 September
2849:. Retrieved
2832:
2823:
2814:
2803:, retrieved
2799:the original
2792:
2783:
2755:cite journal
2740:
2728:. Retrieved
2724:
2714:
2705:
2696:
2684:
2674:21 September
2672:. Retrieved
2668:
2658:
2641:
2621:
2614:. Retrieved
2599:
2589:
2581:
2566:
2557:
2550:. Retrieved
2546:the original
2541:
2532:
2512:
2504:
2499:
2490:
2483:. Retrieved
2479:the original
2447:
2441:
2433:
2428:
2420:
2415:
2407:
2379:
2372:
2362:
2355:
2347:
2342:
2330:. Retrieved
2320:
2270:
2258:
2250:
2245:
2217:
2210:
2198:. Retrieved
2194:the original
2189:
2180:
2168:. Retrieved
2164:
2154:
2137:gas industry
2136:
2126:
2117:oil industry
2116:
1894:Oil supplies
1889:Oil terminal
1848:
1822:
1818:fossil fuels
1787:fossil fuels
1781:
1763:
1759:heavy metals
1732:
1702:
1664:
1582:
1553:tanker/barge
1452:
1423:Marathon Oil
1379:
1364:
1348:
943:Saudi Aramco
920:Saudi Aramco
867:
863:
827:
822:
773:
763:refinery in
735:
677:, failed in
653:(1939â1945)
651:World War II
648:
620:oil-platform
589:
577:Ludvig Nobel
572:
566:
551:
534:Pennsylvania
510:
484:
468:Ludvig Nobel
461:
453:Ivan Mirzoev
427:in 1846, in
419:
278:
264:
243:
172:
164:civilization
161:
157:end products
127:, synthetic
111:, including
60:
57:oil industry
56:
52:
50:
45:oil reserves
36:
8639:Partnership
8619:Cooperative
8592:Outsourcing
8582:Freelancing
8460:Commodities
8164:Video games
8139:Periodicals
8016:Landscaping
7951:Fairgrounds
7853:Advertising
7774:engineering
7758:Bookkeeping
7713:Real estate
7706:Reinsurance
7604:Restaurants
7574:Foodservice
7566:Hospitality
7549:Warehousing
7537:Ridesharing
7527:Car rentals
7259:Residential
7194:Remediation
7077:Automobiles
6899:Earthenware
6868:Glass fiber
6863:Float glass
6673:Supplements
6647:Antibiotics
6549:Fertilizers
6507:Mineral oil
6482:Diesel fuel
6465:Coal &
6425:fiber optic
6399:Microscopes
6353:GPS devices
6333:Televisions
6266:Electronics
6257:Electrical
6203:Woodworking
6158:3D printing
6117:Gunsmithing
6081:Phonographs
6066:Typesetting
6046:Bookbinding
6009:Dressmaking
6004:Accessories
5936:Soft drinks
5871:Animal feed
5662:Natural gas
5550:Aquaculture
5533:Sea urchins
5405:Maple syrup
5279:Fur farming
5269:Beef cattle
5205:Viticulture
5153:Fiber crops
5125:Agriculture
4917:Halliburton
4789:Phillips 66
4610:QatarEnergy
4580:Petrobangla
4515:KazMunayGas
4405:Supermajors
4354:heavy crude
4241:Prudhoe Bay
4221:Niger Delta
4201:Caspian Sea
3964:Concessions
3914:Measurement
3880:Geosteering
3863:Squeeze job
3773:Exploration
3722:Consumption
3681:Consumption
3674:Natural gas
3603:Bonny Light
2982:14 December
2953:14 December
2730:11 November
2616:22 February
2298:. Reuters.
2033:Fossil fuel
2022:Oil geology
1840:responsible
1650:TransCanada
1514:compression
1466:heating oil
1356:natural gas
1006:QatarEnergy
830:supermajors
797:oil tankers
787:exploration
707:Middle East
554:Edwin Drake
543:Edwin Drake
521:Canada West
486:Samuel Kier
480:Caspian Sea
401:Phabricator
185:(41%), and
121:fertilizers
81:oil tankers
65:exploration
8771:Categories
8512:Technology
8482:Innovation
8443:Well-being
8253:University
8186:Television
8123:Mass media
8118:Publishing
7956:Nightclubs
7865:Healthcare
7836:Consulting
7831:Management
7779:Inspection
7763:Tax advice
7743:Accounting
7674:Securities
7490:Intermodal
7426:Mail order
7321:Demolition
7254:Industrial
7249:Commercial
7172:Collection
7023:Cast metal
6909:Refractory
6877:fiberglass
6873:Glass wool
6836:thermosets
6812:Engineered
6741:Engineered
6736:Sawmilling
6630:Toiletries
6601:Explosives
6421:Electrical
6404:Telescopes
6271:Components
6029:Shoemaking
5747:Phosphorus
5640:Geological
5590:Microalgae
5433:Pine resin
5420:Palm sugar
5395:Gum arabic
5309:Beekeeping
5148:Vegetables
5093:industries
4967:Transocean
4834:Tullow Oil
4824:TechnipFMC
4590:PetroChina
4428:ExxonMobil
4334:Shale band
4211:East Texas
4184:and fields
3998:Downstream
3951:Production
3858:Completion
3786:Geophysics
3727:Production
3686:Production
3623:Indonesian
3598:Argus Sour
3590:Benchmarks
2923:4 November
2690:Kerr-McGee
2146:References
2016:Oil spills
1776:See also:
1727:See also:
1709:oil spills
1697:See also:
1498:alkylation
1478:diesel oil
1438:Tullow Oil
1410:ExxonMobil
1375:contracted
1072:PetroChina
1029:ExxonMobil
844:ExxonMobil
793:downstream
746:Eagle-Ford
723:Oil spills
628:Kerr-McGee
598:. In 1937
569:oil tanker
538:Drake Well
536:'s famous
476:oil tanker
425:Azerbaijan
307:See also:
224:Prehistory
145:downstream
129:fragrances
125:pesticides
103:(petrol).
79:(often by
69:extraction
47:as of 2013
8749:Companies
8614:Ownership
8560:Monopsony
8438:Pollution
8423:Community
8333:standards
8238:Secondary
8225:Education
8208:Streaming
7881:Hospitals
7872:Medicine
7848:Marketing
7784:Surveying
7748:Assurance
7718:Brokerage
7681:Insurance
7609:Teahouses
7594:Fast food
7485:Air cargo
7470:Transport
7453:Brokerage
7443:Wholesale
7331:Elevators
7316:Cabinetry
7244:Buildings
7224:Telephone
7219:Satellite
7187:Recycling
7182:Hazardous
7148:Renewable
7127:Utilities
7088:Aerospace
7056:Hydraulic
7046:Conveyors
7041:Machinery
6946:Abrasives
6904:Porcelain
6858:Soda-lime
6817:Specialty
6807:Commodity
6768:Cardboard
6751:Composite
6689:Materials
6606:Fireworks
6596:Cosmetics
6576:Adhesives
6458:Chemicals
6416:Batteries
6288:Computers
6223:Jewellery
6209:Furniture
6193:Sintering
6173:Extrusion
6127:Machining
6103:Builders'
6056:Engraving
6051:Embossing
6034:Tailoring
6019:Hatmaking
5919:Beverages
5902:Preserved
5799:Limestone
5769:Quarrying
5742:Gemstones
5712:Palladium
5677:Tar sands
5672:Petroleum
5667:Oil shale
5513:Swordfish
5473:Anchovies
5314:Cochineal
4962:TC Energy
4863:companies
4693:Trafigura
4640:Sonatrach
4585:Petrobras
4575:Pertamina
4485:Ecopetrol
4451:companies
4395:companies
4393:petroleum
4369:tight oil
4364:oil shale
4359:oil sands
4339:Shale gas
4280:sweet oil
4251:Venezuela
4226:North Sea
4182:Provinces
4173:Venezuela
4020:Midstream
3715:Petroleum
3575:Petroleum
3157:0027-8424
3108:0301-4215
3094:: 57â67.
3065:0362-4331
2200:9 October
2170:9 October
2038:Oil sands
1914:ISO/TC 67
1803:physicist
1587:Aux Sable
1568:terminals
1538:isobutane
1512:includes
1454:Midstream
1449:Midstream
1369:or on an
1367:oil field
1314:Sonatrach
864:"majors",
752:Structure
731:Venezuela
711:drillship
691:Wehrmacht
585:Astrakhan
573:Zoroaster
547:reservoir
530:oil field
441:Black Sea
335:oil wells
297:crude oil
285:whale oil
266:Petroleum
149:crude oil
141:midstream
105:Petroleum
89:marketing
85:pipelines
61:oil patch
8684:Category
8555:Monopoly
8507:Services
8286:Language
8281:Creative
8265:Tutoring
8243:Tertiary
8213:Websites
8193:Internet
8144:Software
8130:Written
8051:Pet care
8011:Janitors
8001:security
7992:Staffing
7921:Gambling
7814:Interior
7795:, &
7789:Physical
7701:Property
7589:Catering
7522:Airlines
7510:Trucking
7346:Plumbing
7301:Dredging
7276:Railways
7209:Internet
7204:Cable TV
7138:Electric
7083:vehicles
6982:Aluminum
6889:Ceramics
6802:Plastics
6715:Currying
6705:deliming
6678:Vaccines
6620:Perfumes
6559:Pigments
6502:Kerosene
6497:Jet fuel
6492:Gasoline
6487:Fuel oil
6219:Bicycles
6133:smithing
6041:Printing
5999:Clothing
5967:Spinning
5947:Textiles
5897:Prepared
5717:Platinum
5687:Aluminum
5615:Scallops
5528:Lobsters
5503:Mackerel
5483:Sardines
5450:Truffles
5426:, &
5373:Firewood
5348:Forestry
5158:Oilseeds
5050:Category
4957:Subsea 7
4937:Petrofac
4932:NOV Inc.
4912:GE Power
4907:Enbridge
4861:services
4683:Mercuria
4673:Glencore
4635:Sonangol
4595:Petronas
4530:Naftogaz
4302:Peak oil
4285:sour oil
4040:Upstream
4035:Refining
4030:Pipeline
3986:Pumpjack
3981:Gas lift
3902:invasion
3845:Drilling
3732:Reserves
3691:Reserves
3270:25274311
3175:21555547
3070:4 August
2653:. p. 55.
2574:Archived
2521:Archived
2332:14 April
2312:Archived
2300:Archived
2275:Archived
2165:Statista
1884:Peak oil
1854:See also
1549:pipeline
1474:jet fuel
1470:gasoline
1385:BG Group
1371:oil well
819:Upstream
807:pipeline
801:refiners
783:upstream
727:Sakhalin
683:Caucasus
562:oil well
472:Branobel
470:and his
457:Armenian
449:Chechnya
443:port of
333:Galician
323:Boryslav
293:kerosene
238:Slovakia
137:upstream
133:plastics
117:solvents
101:gasoline
97:fuel oil
73:refining
8723:Portals
8708:Outline
8696:Commons
8450:Funding
8433:Culture
8410:outputs
8320:Related
8260:Testing
8233:Primary
8198:Hosting
8081:Tourism
8067:Travel
8063:Poverty
8041:Funeral
8023:Repairs
7987:Renting
7982:Leasing
7941:Arcades
7937:Venues
7913:leisure
7886:Nursing
7819:Product
7809:Fashion
7793:product
7639:Banking
7448:Auction
7306:Harbors
7286:Tunnels
7271:Bridges
7177:Dumping
7113:Weapons
6931:Plaster
6822:Pellets
6710:Tanning
6696:Leather
6527:Propane
6472:Bitumen
6375:Cameras
6215:Baggage
6188:Pottery
6168:Drawing
6112:Cutlery
5977:Carpets
5972:Weaving
5952:Carding
5881:Canning
5809:Granite
5732:Uranium
5722:Lithium
5595:Seaweed
5580:Oysters
5575:Mussels
5570:Abalone
5565:Tilapia
5560:Catfish
5543:Whaling
5498:Pollock
5493:Haddock
5478:Herring
5468:Fishing
5461:Aquatic
5368:Logging
5331:Hunting
5319:Shellac
5304:Poultry
5252:Flowers
5185:Berries
5168:Tobacco
5143:Legumes
5138:Cereals
4625:Sinopec
4615:Rosneft
4495:Gazprom
4490:Equinor
4418:Chevron
4065:History
3931:Tracers
3853:Blowout
3742:Exports
3737:Imports
3701:Exports
3696:Imports
3278:4466316
3250:Bibcode
3166:3100993
3135:Bibcode
3036:28 June
2552:30 July
2485:30 July
2310:. BBC.
2271:IEA.org
1530:propane
1443:Rosneft
1400:Chevron
1251:Chevron
840:Chevron
765:PanÄevo
695:Ploesti
649:During
439:to the
437:Caspian
403:and on
274:warfare
205:History
191:barrels
181:(44%),
153:storage
87:), and
59:or the
8737:Energy
8535:Cartel
8408:&
8405:Inputs
8344:ANZSIC
8121:&
8031:Beauty
7999:&
7926:Online
7911:&
7804:Design
7772:&
7686:Health
7644:Credit
7616:Hotels
7396:Retail
7291:Canals
7214:Mobile
7160:Sewage
7134:Power
7104:&
7090:&
7068:&
7016:Forged
7011:Rolled
6994:Alloys
6987:Copper
6953:&
6926:Mortar
6921:Cement
6875:&
6834:&
6785:Rubber
6778:Tissue
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6717:&
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6613:&
6611:Paints
6427:cables
6423:&
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5876:Baking
5814:Marble
5794:Gypsum
5774:Gravel
5762:Sulfur
5752:Potash
5707:Silver
5692:Copper
5625:Shrimp
5620:Salmon
5585:Pearls
5410:Mastic
5380:Rattan
5361:Bamboo
5284:Horses
5240:Spices
5230:Olives
5215:Coffee
5190:Citrus
5117:Biotic
5091:Major
4991:Others
4942:Saipem
4839:TĂŒpraĆ
4829:TNK-BP
4814:Sunoco
4804:Repsol
4764:Lukoil
4707:Others
4678:Gunvor
4312:timing
4246:Russia
4158:Norway
4143:France
4138:Canada
3479:
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3215:14-45.
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2805:12 May
2649:
2607:
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2233:
1801:, the
1789:drive
1559:, and
1540:, and
1534:butane
1526:ethane
1476:, and
904:/day)
811:marine
769:Serbia
665:. The
663:Allies
638:) and
571:, the
519:(then
431:, the
183:Africa
143:, and
131:, and
43:World
18:Oilman
8490:Labor
8465:Final
8455:Goods
8428:Crime
8373:UKSIC
8363:NAICS
8274:Other
8181:Radio
8159:Music
8134:Books
7967:Other
7933:Sport
7753:Audit
7584:Cafés
7542:Taxis
7480:Cargo
7388:Sales
7281:Roads
7155:Water
7102:Ships
7092:space
7066:Power
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6999:Steel
6894:Brick
6843:Glass
6790:Tires
6758:Paper
5888:Flour
5784:Chalk
5605:Clams
5601:Both
5538:Squid
5523:Crabs
5508:Shark
5424:syrup
5257:Seeds
5210:Cocoa
5163:Sugar
4858:Major
4724:Cepsa
4698:Vitol
4668:Enron
4630:SOCAR
4570:Pemex
4565:PDVSA
4560:Orlen
4525:Lotos
4465:ANCAP
4433:Shell
4390:Major
4148:India
3752:Price
3706:Price
3648:Urals
3643:Tapis
3613:Dubai
3608:Brent
3274:S2CID
3030:(PDF)
3013:(PDF)
3002:(PDF)
2842:(PDF)
2278:(PDF)
2267:(PDF)
1735:ozone
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1337:ADNOC
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880:Rank
852:Shell
719:OAPEC
703:Japan
494:JasĆo
455:, an
445:Batum
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8393:TRBC
8383:GICS
8358:NACE
8351:ISIC
8176:News
8154:Film
7691:Life
7505:Rail
7495:Mail
7336:HVAC
7296:Dams
6977:Iron
6914:Tile
6773:Pulp
6726:Wood
6625:Soap
6615:inks
6477:Coke
6246:Toys
6014:Furs
5992:Rope
5982:Lace
5940:Wine
5924:Beer
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5866:Food
5789:Clay
5779:Sand
5757:Salt
5702:Gold
5697:Iron
5657:Peat
5652:Coal
5555:Carp
5518:Tuna
5428:wine
5324:Silk
5299:Wool
5225:Nuts
4952:Snam
4892:CH2M
4645:TPAO
4153:Iraq
4123:OPEC
4118:GECF
3667:Data
3477:ISBN
3459:ISBN
3438:ISBN
3423:ISBN
3403:ISBN
3356:ISBN
3327:ISBN
3266:PMID
3171:PMID
3153:ISSN
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3061:ISSN
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2984:2012
2955:2012
2925:2013
2874:help
2853:2009
2807:2008
2775:link
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1235:184
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1195:111
1189:102
1169:3.9
1145:126
1142:199
1119:4.1
1102:129
1099:171
1076:4.4
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1056:120
1053:116
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1016:170
1013:905
990:6.4
986:NIOC
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970:948
967:138
963:NIOC
930:303
927:254
924:260
866:and
858:and
774:The
744:and
717:and
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687:Axis
581:Baku
511:The
429:Baku
311:and
177:and
99:and
83:and
51:The
8388:ICB
8368:SIC
8056:Sex
6537:Tar
6380:Gun
5488:Cod
5294:Pig
5220:Tea
4887:CGG
4784:OMV
4650:YPF
4423:Eni
3319:doi
3258:doi
3246:514
3161:PMC
3143:doi
3131:108
3096:doi
2223:doi
1428:OMV
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1390:BHP
1373:is
1324:39
1318:12
1303:10
1281:50
1278:50
1275:41
1271:NOC
1238:68
1232:36
1192:56
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