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The rabbits run shivering from one frozen garden patch to another and are hard put to it to find frost-bitten cabbage stalks. At night the coyotes roam the wintry waste, howling for food. The variegated fields are all one color now; the pastures, the stubble, the roads, and the sky are the same leaden gray. The hedgerows and trees are scarcely perceptible against the bare earth, whose slaty hue they have taken on. The ground is frozen so hard that it bruises the foot to walk on the roads or in the plowed fields. It is like an iron country, and the spirit is oppressed by its rigor and melancholy. One could easily believe that in that dead landscape the germs of life and fruitfulness were extinct forever. Alexandra spends the winter alone, except for occasional visits from Marie, whom she visits with Mrs. Lee, Lou's mother-in-law. She also has an increased number of mysterious dreams she has had since girlhood. These dreams are about a strong, god-like male figure who carries her over the fields.
244:, but decides to stay with Alexandra for a while. Carl notices the growing flirtatious relationship between Emil and Marie. Lou and Oscar suspect that Carl wants to marry Alexandra, and are resentful at the idea that Carl might end up owning Alexandra's share of the farm, which they still view as belonging to them and which would otherwise be inherited by their children. This causes problems between Alexandra and her brothers, and they stop speaking to each other. Carl, recognizing a problem, decides to leave for Alaska. At the same time, Emil announces he is leaving to travel through Mexico. Alexandra is left alone.
198:, at the turn of the 20th century. The main character, Alexandra Bergson, inherits the family farmland when her father dies, and she devotes her life to making the farm a viable enterprise at a time when many other immigrant families are giving up and leaving the prairie. The novel is also concerned with two romantic relationships, one between Alexandra and family friend Carl Linstrum and the other between Alexandra's brother Emil and the married Marie Shabata.
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and winter. But he is known for healing sick animals. Alexandra is concerned about their hogs as the hogs of many of their neighbors are dying. Crazy Ivar advises her to keep their hogs clean rather than letting them live in filth and to give them fresh, clean water and good food. This simply confirms Oscar's and Lou's opinion that Ivar deserves the name Crazy Ivar. Alexandra, however, starts making plans for where she will relocate the hogs.
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266:. Before he leaves, Amédée dies from a ruptured appendix, and as a result both Emil and Marie realize what they value most. Before leaving for Michigan, Emil stops by Marie's farm to say one last goodbye, and they fall into a passionate embrace beneath the white mulberry tree. They stay there for several hours, until Marie's husband, Frank, finds them and shoots them in a drunken rage. He flees to
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302:: the youngest child of John Bergson and Alexandra's mother. An intelligent, handsome, and athletic person. A university graduate. Tragically, he is in love with the unhappily married Marie Shabata. He leaves for Mexico to try to escape his temptation for Marie, but after a year he cannot resist and returns.
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specifically, they state from the very beginning that the landscape is depicted as hard to work and unforgiving. When Baker brings
Alexandra into the discussion, her character is also analyzed according to how she relates to the land and has cultivated her familyâs farm to be successful. Even as they
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After years of crop failure, many of the
Bergson's neighbors are selling out, even if it means taking a loss. Then they learn the Linstrums have also decided to leave. Oscar and Lou want to leave too, but neither their mother nor Alexandra will. After visiting villages downwards to see how they are
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where he is incarcerated. While in town she walks by Emil's university campus, comes upon a polite young man who reminds her of Emil, and feels better. The next day she talks to Frank in prison. He is bedraggled and can barely speak properly, and she promises to do what she can to see him released;
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Winter has settled down over the Divide again; the season in which Nature recuperates, in which she sinks to sleep between the fruitfulness of autumn and the passion of spring. The birds have gone. The teeming life that goes on down in the long grass is exterminated. The prairie dog keeps his hole.
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On a windy
January day in Hanover, Nebraska, Alexandra Bergson is with her five-year-old brother Emil, whose little kitten has climbed a telegraph pole and is afraid to come down. Alexandra asks her neighbor and friend Carl Linstrum to retrieve the kitten. Later, Alexandra finds Emil in the general
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Alexandra's father is dying, and it is his wish that she run the farm after he is gone. Alexandra and her brothers Oscar and Lou later visit Ivar, known as Crazy Ivar because of his unorthodox views. For instance, he sleeps in a hammock, believes in killing no living thing and goes barefoot summer
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specifically, Levy considers how Cather invokes the
Nebraskan environment through the story of the main character Alexandra. Levy goes further to explain how Alexandra is unlike other women of the time and is empowered to be more. They state this is evident in not only her appearance but in other
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Sixteen years later, the farms are now prosperous. Alexandra and her brothers have divided up their inheritance, and Emil has just returned from college. The
Linstrum farm has failed, and Marie, now married to Frank Shabata, has bought it. That same day, the Bergsons are surprised by a visit from
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Emil returns from Mexico City. His best friend, Amédée, is now married with a young son. At a fair at the French church, Emil and Marie kiss for the first time. They later confess their illicit love, and Emil determines to leave for law school in
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After Emil's death
Alexandra is distraught, in shock, and slightly dazed. She goes off in a rainstorm. Ivar goes looking for her and brings her back home, where she sleeps fitfully and dreams about death. She then decides to visit Frank in
296:: the main character of the book. A strong-willed and intelligent woman. She was given the farm by her father John Bergson and over the next 16 years makes it very prosperous. She is about 40 years old in the second part of the book.
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and has a mystic quality about him. He also has a great affinity for animals, especially birds. After he fails to "prove up" on his homestead, Alexandra takes him in as a servant to save him from being sent to a lunatic
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Another example includes Bruce Baker IIâs âNebraska
Regionalism in Selected Works of Willa Catherâ. Like the other example, this article critiques a multitude of Catherâs works. Baker, however, analyzes
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and analyzed the characteristics of its content. They have done so by using different points of view or literary lenses that guide their understanding of the text and how they examine each of its parts.
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One example of some literary criticism of the novel is by Helen
Fiddyment Levy. Their work is called âDamming the Stream: Willa Catherâ and they examine multiple works of Catherâsâincluding
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In the first part of the novel, he lives in a remote plot of land in
Nebraska that is difficult to get to. Most of his neighbors think he is crazy. He doesn't attend church, but reads the
382:: Marie's husband. He has a short temper and does not get along with most of his neighbors. He kills his wife Marie and her lover Emil in a drunken rage, and is sent to prison in Lincoln.
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to discuss another work of Cather's, their closing remark involves commenting on the symbolism of the landscape of
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she bears no ill will toward him. She then receives a telegram from Carl, telling her that he is back. They decide to marry, unconcerned with the approval of her brothers.
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555:, Willa Cather said, "I decided not to 'write' at all, â simply to give myself up to the pleasure of recapturing in memory people and places I'd forgotten."
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508:. Clear evidence of this occurs on page 173 where "the white mulberries...were covered with a dark stain", directly corresponding to Ovid:
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712:. Originally published in "Western American Literature", vol. 3, no. 1, 1968, pp. 19-35: 25â32 – via Gale Literature Criticism.
690:. Reprinted from "Fiction of the Home Place", pp. 64-96, 1992, UP of Mississippi: 138â154 – via Gale Literature Criticism.
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getting on, Alexandra talks her brothers into mortgaging the farm to buy more land, in hopes of ending up as rich landowners.
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Baker, Bruce (2021). Parks, Rebecca (ed.). "Nebraska Regionalism in Selected Works of Willa Cather".
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Levy, Helen (2018). Trudeau, Lawrence (ed.). "Damming the Stream: Willa Cather".
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Explanatory notes by David Stouck; end-note number 1. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
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The Life of Mary Baker G. Eddy and the History of Christian Science
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immigrants in the farm country near the fictional town of Hanover,
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with Isabelle McClung. She completed it at the McClungs' home in
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Bernice Slote, 'Willa Cather and Her First Book', Willa Cather,
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Bernice Slote, "Willa Cather and Her First Book", Willa Cather,
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Many copies of the book are accompanied by the poem "
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744:. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press.
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The epigraph is taken from the Polish national epic
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165:entitled "Pioneers! O Pioneers!" from
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632:: The Willa Cather Scholarly Edition.
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28:. For the Walt Whitman poem, see
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388:: Marie's father; an adviser in
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1162:El Dorado: A Kansas Recessional
346:: Signa's suitor, then husband.
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231:Part II â Neighboring Fields
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1001:A Tale of the White Pyramid
955:Sapphira and the Slave Girl
799:public domain audiobook at
724:"WCA: tours: cherry_valley"
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370:: Annie's younger daughter.
352:: Lou's wife's maiden name.
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1176:The Treasure of Far Island
593:close their discussion on
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248:Part III â Winter Memories
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24:. For the 2009 opera, see
20:. For the 1992 movie, see
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1545:Willa Cather Birthplace
1281:Behind the Singer Tower
1218:The Marriage of Phaedra
1064:The Burglar's Christmas
465:Hans Christian Andersen
416:: a good friend to Emil
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1596:Novels by Willa Cather
1274:The Joy of Nelly Deane
1204:Flavia and Her Artists
1197:The Sculptor's Funeral
1113:Eric Hermannson's Soul
1008:A Son of the Celestial
538:William Jennings Bryan
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210:Part I â The Wild Land
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1183:A Death in the Desert
920:The Professor's House
740:Woodress, J. (1987).
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813:Willa Cather Archive
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1267:The Enchanted Bluff
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38:O Pioneers!
18:Willa Cather
1555:Edith Lewis
1527:O Pioneers!
1521:(2001 film)
1513:(1995 film)
1505:(1992 film)
1503:O Pioneers!
1497:(1934 film)
1495:A Lost Lady
1487:Adaptations
1405:collections
1403:Short story
1372:Two Friends
1239:The Profile
1225:Paul's Case
913:A Lost Lady
906:One of Ours
885:O Pioneers!
796:O Pioneers!
779:O Pioneers!
765:O Pioneers!
630:O Pioneers!
595:O Pioneers!
590:O Pioneers!
586:O Pioneers!
577:O Pioneers!
573:O Pioneers!
565:O Pioneers!
446:Pan Tadeusz
338:Mrs. Hiller
188:O Pioneers!
154:O Pioneers!
140:O Pioneers!
1580:Categories
1511:My Antonia
1155:Jack-a-Boy
899:My Ăntonia
617:References
611:Pittsburgh
601:Background
517:Historical
480:'s poetry.
288:Characters
145:Wikisource
524:John Huss
433:Allusions
350:Annie Lee
1337:Her Boss
801:LibriVox
502:'s book
438:Literary
356:Mrs. Lee
264:Michigan
202:Synopsis
196:Nebraska
171:(1855).
65:Language
1538:Related
1330:Scandal
1323:Ardessa
823:at the
810:at the
552:Bookman
498:, from
316:asylum.
281:Lincoln
238:Chicago
68:English
870:Novels
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368:Stella
242:Alaska
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55:Author
980:Peter
487:" by
390:Omaha
362:Milly
326:Signa
268:Omaha
217:Omaha
73:Genre
746:ISBN
500:Ovid
467:and
306:Ivar
135:Text
88:1913
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449:by
143:at
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
