2378:
585:, who produced an extensive report of the findings at the site. Although no anthropomorphic depiction of the deity has been discovered, a dozen figures of dogs were found at the site, presumably deposited at the shrine as offerings by pilgrims due to the healing symbolism associated with dogs. As one of these figurines has a human face, it is possible that the deity himself could have been perceived as taking the form of an animal. A bronze arm whose hand displays the spoon-shaped fingernails characteristic of someone suffering from iron deficiency gives further evidence of the healing attributes of Nodens. Findings at the site include bronze
800:
512:
22:
2370:
2062:
841:, combining as it did a god-hero, a ring, dwarves, and a silver hand. Mathew Lyons notes the "Hobbit-like appearance of 's mine-shaft holes", and that Tolkien was, according to the Lydney curator Sylvia Jones, extremely interested in the hill's folklore on his stay there. Helen Armstrong commented that the place may have inspired Tolkien's "Celebrimbor and the fallen realms of
1668:
Though many of
Paolini's names of persons and places are Tolkienian, he does make reference to other traditions relating to elves. Eragon is sometimes addressed by the name Argetlam, said to be 'an elven word that was used to refer to the Riders. It means "silver hand".' The word is an adaptation of
589:
depicting a sea deity, fishermen and tritons, a bronze plaque of a woman, about 320 pins, nearly 300 bracelets, and over 8,000 coins. Also present were oculists' stamps used to mark sticks of eye ointment, like those at Gallo-Roman healing sanctuaries in antiquity. The deity was further associated
430:(Finn File). Although the origin of the association remains difficult to explain, Carey writes that Nodons may be seen "a god of multi-faceted but consistent character: a shining royal warrior presiding over the chaotic in nature, society and the Otherworld (water, war, the devils of
494:'s Island", which could connect it with Nodens. However, alternative etymologies of Lydney are offered in other sources. A. D. Mills suggests "island or river-meadow of the sailor, or of a man named *Lida", citing the forms "Lideneg" from c. 853 and "Ledenei" from the 1086
809:
364:
with the fishing (and possibly hunting) motifs of the Lydney remains and with the silver arms of Nuadu and Lludd. However, this stem remains unattested elsewhere in Celtic, and possibly takes its origins from a
984:
In fact, over 270 bracelets with many more suggested to be in private ownership. As the findings attested metalworking at Lydney so it could be assumed that the bracelets were produced on-site.
943:", also written in 1926. When the protagonist, Thomas Olney, enters the eponymous house, he sees "primal Nodens, Lord of the Great Abyss" riding in a large shell that is carried by dolphins.
619:
To the god Nodens: Silvianus has lost his ring and given half (its value) to Nodens. Among those who are called
Senicianus do not allow health until he brings it to the temple of Nodens.
669:
To the god Mars Nodens, Titus
Flavius Senilis, superintendent of the cult, had (this mosaic) laid from the offerings with assistance from Victorinus the interpreter
607:
Devo
Nodenti Silvianus anilum perdedit demediam partem donavit Nodenti inter quibus nomen Seniciani nollis petmittas sanitatem donec perfera(t) usque templum dentis
99:) indicate his connection with dogs, a beast associated with healing symbolism in antiquity. The deity is known in only one other location, in Cockersand Moss (
2094:
723:, who was disqualified from kingship after losing his hand (or arm) in battle, but restored after he was given a working silver one by the physician
2377:
555:
to sleep and experience a vision of divine presence in their dreams. The site may have been chosen because it offered a clear view of the
805:
664:
D(eo) M(arti) N(odenti) T(itus) Flavius
Senilis pr(aepositus) rel(igionis?) ex stipibus pos{s}uit o(pitu)lante Victorino interp(re)tiante
288:
noting that "it seems at any rate safe to say that no etymology so far proposed can be accepted with full confidence". The Welsh noun
2087:
1012:
Anger, Don N. (2013) . "Report on the
Excavation of the Prehistoric, Roman and Post-Roman Site in Lydney Park, Gloucestershire". In
1760:
806:
344:(the sound change should have occurred later than the inscriptions). Scholars have also linked the Celtic names with the stem *
1925:
1899:
1577:
1031:
838:
2849:
2080:
965:(lit: "shining palm" in the fictional 'Ancient Language' made by Paolini for the series. It is adapted from the Irish word
1708:
1535:
940:
804:
1873:
1847:
1821:
1729:
1349:
1018:
927:
864:
808:
1390:
1320:
812:
Imagemap with clickable links. Apparent influence of archaeological and philological work at Nodens' Temple on
1394:
1502:, "The Name Nodens", Appendix to "Report on the excavation of the prehistoric, Roman and post-Roman site in
803:
2869:
1467:
151:
was invited to investigate the Latin inscription, and scholars have noted several likely influences on his
2864:
2369:
1669:
the Irish
Airgetlam with the same meaning, used as an attribute of Nuadha, king of the Tuatha De Danann.
645:
To the god Mars Nodons, Flavius
Blandinus, weapon-instructor, gladly and deservedly fulfilled his vow.
366:
300:
are attached to the epithet ' silver hand/arm', which could lead to a conjectural Proto-Celtic stem *
196:
66:
2737:
1831:
776:
2344:
2066:
1839:
807:
28:
visited the temple of Nodens, a place called "Dwarf's Hill" and translated an inscription with a
1755:
1692:
827:, invited to investigate the Latin inscription at Lydney Park, traced Nodens to the Irish hero
794:
511:
285:
1567:
2859:
887:
281:) may also be added to the cognates, although the vocalism raises phonological difficulties.
1972:
Wagner, Heinrich (1986). "Zur
Etymologie von keltisch Nodons, Ir. Nuadu, Kymr. Nudd/Lludd".
1801:
2854:
2691:
1700:
1658:
842:
544:
111:
37:
33:
21:
1479:
1455:
1426:
1406:
1379:
91:. Although no physical depiction of him has survived, votive plaques found in a shrine at
8:
2284:
2184:
1013:
952:
543:
and its north-western end is divided into three chambers 6.3 m deep. This imposing,
475:
305:
266:
720:
2729:
2022:
1997:
1960:
1888:
1805:
1785:
1735:
1341:
1857:
829:
693:
To the god Mars Nodons, Lucianus fulfilled the vow of his colleague, Aprilius Viator.
402:
224:
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2014:
2001:
1989:
1964:
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1843:
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131:
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1981:
1944:
1865:
1769:
1499:
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859:
824:
813:
640:
D(eo) M(arti) Nodonti
Flavius Blandinus armatura v(otum) s(olvit) l(ibens) m(erito)
629:
578:
574:
148:
107:
81:
25:
1586:
1297:
871:. Dwarf's Hill with its many mineshafts has been suggested as an influence on the
1719:
1512:
912:
900:
872:
657:
Pectillus gave to the god Nudens Mars the votive offering which he had promised.
590:
with aquatic and solar imagery, similar to other curative shrines of Roman Gaul.
423:
341:
172:
128:
119:
104:
96:
88:
461:('white, shining' > 'strong, brave, bold' > 'hero, prince'; cf. Old Norse
2613:
2540:
2244:
1985:
1813:
904:
882:
770:, and seems to be linked to other figures of the same name, such as the son of
751:
528:
451:
447:
176:
156:
41:
1948:
2843:
2018:
1993:
1956:
1883:
1781:
1773:
916:
759:
690:
D(eo) M(arti) N(odonti) Lucianus colleg(ae) Aprili Viatoris v(otum) s(olvit)
628:
Other inscriptions identify Nodens, in various spellings, with the Roman god
582:
495:
168:
1747:
1739:
750:
as one of the three most generous men in Wales, along with his two cousins,
2583:
2422:
2154:
2009:
Wood, Andrew Paul (August 2022). "A Note on Nodens in Lovecraft's Mythos".
1909:
1797:
1695:(2008). "Gallo-British Deities and their Shrines". In Todd, Malcolm (ed.).
936:
817:
763:
747:
594:
556:
409:
249:(perhaps 'hand, wrist or arm') also appear to be related. It suggests that
229:
220:
208:
152:
2072:
2828:
2818:
2671:
2568:
2525:
2467:
2299:
2289:
1917:
1508:
Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London
1503:
932:
850:
834:
755:
560:
524:
516:
427:
253:
was the original form, by showing the back vocalism of the Celtic suffix
160:
144:
92:
84:
70:
45:
2026:
935:. He is depicted as somewhat benevolent and as opposing the frightening
2795:
2752:
2719:
2666:
2631:
2588:
2530:
2520:
2402:
877:
724:
681:
443:
415:
270:
100:
1634:
735:, 'silver hand'), and later a flesh and blood one by Dian Cecht's son
110:(as a healer rather than as a warrior) and associated in a curse with
2805:
2790:
2696:
2603:
2593:
2578:
2487:
2442:
2427:
2417:
2397:
2354:
2269:
2219:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2123:
1023:
771:
567:
241:, apparently from an alliterative assimilation). The Irish genitives
1618:
2767:
2762:
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2651:
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2626:
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2412:
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2209:
2174:
2144:
1076:
1074:
868:
728:
708:
To the god Mars Nodons, Aurelius ...cinus (set up) this statuette.
684:, in 1718 but now lost, had an inscription on the base that reads:
564:
418:), his name meaning 'white', is an exact cognate of the Irish name
216:
2747:
2742:
2686:
2646:
2621:
2598:
2573:
2553:
2515:
2497:
2492:
2472:
2407:
2339:
2279:
2264:
2249:
2234:
2189:
2169:
2149:
2139:
854:
846:
552:
479:
329:
115:
1369:. Princes Risborough, England: Shire Publications. p. 10ff.
1071:
2813:
2661:
2636:
2548:
2477:
2462:
2319:
2309:
2304:
2294:
2224:
2214:
2061:
957:
586:
483:
1551:
Armstrong, Helen (May 1997). "And Have an Eye to That Dwarf".
593:
Several inscriptions to Nodens have been found, one on a lead
2823:
2681:
2676:
2482:
2452:
2447:
2432:
2274:
2259:
2229:
2179:
2164:
2159:
736:
536:
491:
463:
431:
123:
29:
1606:
422:, who is described as the great-grandson of Nuadu mac Achi (
167:, means 'Silver-hand'. Nodens appears, too, in the works of
118:
with that of later Celtic mythological figures, such as the
2757:
2239:
2115:
1240:
1164:
1162:
1146:
1935:
Sterckx, Claude (1994). "Nûtons, Lûtons et dieux celtes".
1528:
There and Back Again: In the Footsteps of J. R. R. Tolkien
1247:
1153:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
405:
finds the relation "formally quite difficult" to explain.
1159:
961:, 'Argetlam' (lit: silver hand) is another name for the
652:
Pectillus votum quod promissit deo Nudente M(arti) dedit
2041:
Le Roux, Françoise (1963). "Le Dieu-roi Nodons/Nuada".
1284:
Cook, Arthur Bernard (25 March 1906). "IV. The Celts".
1119:
1109:
907:. His appearance and action were based on a mixture of
369:. A third alternative is the Proto-Indo-European stem *
155:
fantasy writings, including the Elvish smith, maker of
1222:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1265:
1198:
1174:
442:('hero, champion, king ?') may be interpreted as the
1210:
1186:
925:. Nodens first appeared in Lovecraft's 1926 novella
1253:
1086:
939:. Nodens appears again in Lovecraft's short story "
1887:
1660:The Significant Other: a Literary History of Elves
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
833:, "Nuada of the Silver-Hand". The Tolkien scholar
320:('appearance, colour'). However, the sound shift
219:(linguistic sibling from the same origin) of the
2841:
1724:(First ed.). University Press of Kentucky.
1666:. Cardiff University (PhD Thesis). p. 201.
1446:CIL 07, 00137 = RIB-02-04, 02448,03 (371â400 AD)
839:influence on Tolkien's invention of Middle-earth
340:- is known) and remains difficult to justify in
284:The origin of the name remains obscure, scholar
269:dates back to the end of the 3rd century AD. An
103:). He was equated on most inscriptions with the
1040:
802:
705:Deo Marti Nodonti Aurelius ...cinus sig(illum)
467:'brave, defiant, lord, prince' and Old English
389:'need'), which could be found in Proto-Celtic *
316:'clouds'), perhaps also attested in the Irish
1691:
1080:
2088:
1572:. Oxford University Press. pp. 131â132.
1553:Amon Hen: The Bulletin of the Tolkien Society
931:, where he is an "archaic" god served by the
680:A silver statuette found at Cockersand Moss,
1674:MacKillop, James (1998). "Nuada Airgetlam".
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
527:, situated on a steep bluff overlooking the
328:- does not seem to be attested elsewhere in
2102:
1559:
1513:Tolkien Studies: An Annual Scholarly Review
1490:RIB-01, 00616 = AE 1958, 00095a (71â300 AD)
662:
650:
638:
385:'need, compulsion, distress', Old Prussian
163:, whose name, like that of Nuada's epithet
2095:
2081:
1519:
1437:CIL 07, 00139 = RIB-01, 00307 (301â410 AD)
1417:CIL 07, 00138 = RIB-01, 00305 (301â410 AD)
719:Nuada AirgetlĂĄm was the first king of the
603:
577:in 1805, then reexcavated in 1928â1929 by
573:The temple complex was first excavated by
1856:
1830:
1758:(1984). "Nodons in Britain and Ireland".
1673:
1550:
1134:
1053:
996:
714:
541:29 by 49.5 m (31.7 by 54.1 yd),
1717:
1640:
1600:
798:
510:
20:
1934:
1862:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic
1656:
1493:
1192:
563:begins. Its position within an earlier
2842:
1971:
1796:
1624:
1592:
1565:
1530:. London: Cadogan Guides. p. 63.
1204:
1168:
506:
32:upon a ring. It may have inspired his
2076:
1908:
1754:
1525:
1364:
1335:
1329:
1310:
1259:
1228:
1216:
1180:
1113:
1011:
621:(This curse) comes into force again.
533:72 by 54 m (236 by 177 ft),
2008:
1974:Zeitschrift fĂŒr celtische Philologie
1937:Zeitschrift fĂŒr celtische Philologie
1882:
1761:Zeitschrift fĂŒr celtische Philologie
1644:
1628:
1612:
1596:
1283:
1271:
547:building has been interpreted as an
1313:A Dictionary of English Place-Names
863:, means "Silver Hand" in Tolkien's
857:, who forged the Rings of Power in
450:comparable to that conjectured for
434:)." In this view, the Middle Irish
13:
2376:
2368:
2034:
1721:Lovecraft: Disturbing the Universe
1480:RIB 616. Dedication to Mars Nodons
1456:RIB 617. Dedication to Mars Nodons
1427:RIB 307. Dedication to Nudens Mars
1407:RIB 305. Dedication to Mars Nodons
941:The Strange High House in the Mist
675:
446:name of the Celtic deity, with a
292:means 'mist, haze, fog', and both
199:from the attested dative singular
182:
14:
2881:
2054:
1338:Exploring the World of the Druids
1019:The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia
928:The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath
356:'catcher, fisherman', Lithuanian
2060:
1914:Dictionary of Northern Mythology
1890:A Handbook of Germanic Etymology
1836:A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
915:, and the deity's appearance in
486:" derives from the Old English *
352:'to catch, attain, acquire' and
1685:
1650:
1544:
1484:
1473:
1460:
1449:
1440:
1431:
1420:
1411:
1400:
1384:
1373:
1358:
1304:
1277:
1234:
978:
849:". The name of the Elven-smith
501:
1676:Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
1380:RIB 306. Curse upon Senicianus
1140:
1:
1298:10.1080/0015587X.1906.9719720
990:
899:Nodens appears as a deity in
114:(a hunting-god). His name is
1718:Burleson, Donald R. (1990).
1697:A Companion to Roman Britain
972:
894:
758:. His two sons are known as
559:near the point at which the
531:, is rectangular, measuring
312:- ('mist, cloud'; cf. Latin
7:
2850:Gods of the ancient Britons
10:
2886:
1986:10.1515/zcph.1986.41.1.180
1812:. Holicong, Pennsylvania:
1810:Discovering H.P. Lovecraft
1678:. Oxford University Press.
1336:Green, Miranda J. (2005).
946:
792:
788:
766:. Nudd may also be called
367:pre-Indo-European language
207:, which is derived from a
2804:
2776:
2728:
2710:
2612:
2539:
2506:
2388:
2366:
2132:
2111:
1949:10.1515/zcph.1994.46.1.39
837:thought this a "pivotal"
783:
742:The legendary Welsh hero
393:- ('need'; cf. Old Irish
360:'property'), associating
1774:10.1515/zcph.1984.40.1.1
1615:, pp. 128, 132â136.
1566:Bowers, John M. (2019).
1470:1958, 00095b (71â300 AD)
1288:. The European sky-god.
865:invented Elvish language
777:Cyfranc Lludd a Llefelys
604:
257:-. The development from
1840:Oxford University Press
1802:"A Literary Copernicus"
1693:Aldhouse-Green, Miranda
1657:Bergman, Jenni (2011).
1397:-01, 00306 (301â410 AD)
1367:Roman Dress Accessories
1315:. Oxford. p. 218.
2382:
2374:
1569:Tolkien's Lost Chaucer
1526:Lyons, Mathew (2004).
821:
795:Tolkien and the Celtic
715:Mythological parallels
663:
651:
639:
570:may also be relevant.
551:or dormitory for sick
523:The temple complex at
520:
49:
2380:
2372:
1701:John Wiley & Sons
1599:, pp. 128, 131;
1365:Swift, Ellen (2003).
1311:Mills, A. D. (1993).
888:The Lord of the Rings
811:
793:Further information:
731:(gaining the epithet
514:
401:), although linguist
304:('mist, haze'), from
24:
2069:at Wikimedia Commons
1703:. pp. 193â219.
1647:, pp. 129, 132.
1631:, pp. 128, 131.
1506:, Gloucestershire",
1245:nĂșada, ? nĂșadu,
1026:. pp. 563â564.
1014:Drout, Michael D. C.
579:Sir Mortimer Wheeler
545:Romano-Celtic temple
414:(ruler of the Welsh
2870:Neptune (mythology)
2114:Ancient deities of
1806:Schweitzer, Darrell
1342:Thames & Hudson
1340:. London, England:
1171:, pp. 180â181.
1083:, pp. 208â210.
1081:Aldhouse-Green 2008
953:Christopher Paolini
507:Lydney Park complex
476:Arthur Bernard Cook
306:Proto-Indo-European
267:Brittonic languages
235:(which turned into
2865:Sea and river gods
2730:Gallia Narbonensis
2383:
2375:
822:
521:
515:Bath house at the
50:
2837:
2836:
2786:Matronae Aufaniae
2778:Germania Inferior
2255:Ialonus Contrebis
2065:Media related to
1927:978-0-85991-513-7
1901:978-90-04-12875-0
1884:Orel, Vladimir E.
1816:. pp. 7â16.
1579:978-0-19-884267-5
1500:Tolkien, J. R. R.
1274:, pp. 33â34.
1231:, pp. 21â22.
1183:, pp. 13â14.
1033:978-0-415-86511-1
922:The Great God Pan
712:
711:
697:
696:
673:
672:
626:
625:
2877:
2712:Gallia Cisalpina
2508:Gallia Aquitania
2104:Celtic mythology
2097:
2090:
2083:
2074:
2073:
2064:
2050:
2030:
2011:Lovecraft Annual
2005:
1968:
1931:
1905:
1893:
1879:
1858:MatasoviÄ, Ranko
1853:
1832:MacKillop, James
1827:
1793:
1751:
1714:
1680:
1679:
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1654:
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1590:
1584:
1583:
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1557:
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1548:
1542:
1541:
1523:
1517:
1510:, 1932; also in
1497:
1491:
1488:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1466:RIB-01, 00617 =
1464:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1438:
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1424:
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1415:
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1117:
1111:
1084:
1078:
1069:
1051:
1038:
1037:
1009:
985:
982:
909:Celtic mythology
860:The Silmarillion
825:J. R. R. Tolkien
801:
721:Tuatha DĂ© Danann
702:
701:
687:
686:
666:
654:
642:
635:
634:
600:
599:
575:Charles Bathurst
542:
534:
471:'shining day').
149:J. R. R. Tolkien
2885:
2884:
2880:
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2876:
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2840:
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2800:
2772:
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2608:
2535:
2502:
2384:
2364:
2245:Genii Cucullati
2128:
2107:
2101:
2057:
2040:
2037:
2035:Further reading
2013:(16): 128â144.
1928:
1902:
1876:
1850:
1824:
1732:
1711:
1688:
1683:
1663:
1655:
1651:
1639:
1635:
1623:
1619:
1611:
1607:
1591:
1587:
1580:
1564:
1560:
1549:
1545:
1538:
1524:
1520:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1478:
1474:
1465:
1461:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1405:
1401:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1374:
1363:
1359:
1352:
1344:. p. 119.
1334:
1330:
1323:
1309:
1305:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1258:
1254:
1239:
1235:
1227:
1223:
1219:, pp. 6â7.
1215:
1211:
1203:
1199:
1191:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1167:
1160:
1145:
1141:
1133:
1120:
1116:, pp. 2â3.
1112:
1087:
1079:
1072:
1066:Nuadu AirgetlĂĄm
1052:
1041:
1034:
1010:
997:
993:
988:
983:
979:
975:
949:
913:Roman mythology
901:H. P. Lovecraft
897:
873:Lonely Mountain
830:Nuada AirgetlĂĄm
810:
799:
797:
791:
786:
746:appears in the
727:and the wright
717:
699:Another reads:
678:
676:Cockersand Moss
616:
615:
540:
535:with a central
532:
509:
504:
424:Finn mac Umaill
403:Ranko MatasoviÄ
397:, Middle Welsh
374:
342:Proto-Brittonic
185:
183:Name and origin
173:H. P. Lovecraft
97:Gloucestershire
89:Ancient Britain
17:
12:
11:
5:
2883:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:Lero et Lerina
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2716:
2714:
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2704:
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2654:
2649:
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2616:
2614:Gallia Celtica
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2545:
2543:
2541:Gallia Belgica
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2512:
2510:
2504:
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2500:
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2367:
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2297:
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2207:
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2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2133:Supra-regional
2130:
2129:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2100:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2056:
2055:External links
2053:
2052:
2051:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2006:
1969:
1932:
1926:
1906:
1900:
1880:
1874:
1854:
1848:
1828:
1822:
1814:Wildside Press
1794:
1752:
1730:
1715:
1710:978-0470998854
1709:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1649:
1643:, p. 95;
1633:
1627:, p. 10;
1617:
1605:
1595:, p. 10;
1585:
1578:
1558:
1543:
1537:978-1860111396
1536:
1518:
1516:, Vol. 4, 2007
1492:
1483:
1472:
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1439:
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1357:
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1328:
1321:
1303:
1276:
1264:
1252:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1207:, p. 186.
1197:
1185:
1173:
1158:
1139:
1137:, p. 350.
1135:MatasoviÄ 2009
1118:
1085:
1070:
1054:MacKillop 2004
1039:
1032:
994:
992:
989:
987:
986:
976:
974:
971:
963:gedwëy ignasia
948:
945:
905:Cthulhu Mythos
896:
893:
883:Mines of Moria
790:
787:
785:
782:
752:Rhydderch Hael
716:
713:
710:
709:
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647:
646:
643:
624:
623:
617:
529:Severn Estuary
519:temple complex
508:
505:
503:
500:
452:Proto-Germanic
448:semantic shift
372:
184:
181:
177:Cthulhu Mythos
157:Rings of Power
87:worshipped in
48:"Silver-Hand".
38:Mines of Moria
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
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1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1910:Simek, Rudolf
1907:
1903:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1875:9789004173361
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1849:0-19-860967-1
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1823:1-58715-470-6
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1798:Leiber, Fritz
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1731:0-8386-3415-X
1727:
1723:
1722:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1677:
1670:
1662:
1661:
1653:
1646:
1642:
1641:Burleson 1990
1637:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1614:
1609:
1603:, p. 95.
1602:
1601:Burleson 1990
1598:
1594:
1589:
1581:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1562:
1555:(145): 13â14.
1554:
1547:
1539:
1533:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1487:
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1428:
1423:
1414:
1408:
1403:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1376:
1368:
1361:
1353:
1351:0-500-28571-3
1347:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1324:
1318:
1314:
1307:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1268:
1262:, p. 26.
1261:
1256:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1230:
1225:
1218:
1213:
1206:
1201:
1195:, p. 40.
1194:
1189:
1182:
1177:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1115:
1110:
1108:
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1100:
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1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1082:
1077:
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1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
995:
981:
977:
970:
968:
964:
960:
959:
954:
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
929:
924:
923:
918:
917:Arthur Machen
914:
910:
906:
902:
892:
890:
889:
884:
880:
879:
874:
870:
866:
862:
861:
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844:
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832:
831:
826:
819:
815:
796:
781:
779:
778:
773:
769:
765:
761:
760:Edern ap Nudd
757:
753:
749:
745:
740:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
707:
704:
703:
700:
692:
689:
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685:
683:
668:
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631:
622:
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614:
613:
609:
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601:
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584:
583:Tessa Wheeler
580:
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571:
569:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
538:
530:
526:
518:
513:
499:
497:
496:Domesday Book
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
474:According to
472:
470:
466:
465:
460:
456:
453:
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445:
441:
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429:
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417:
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268:
264:
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256:
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248:
244:
240:
239:
234:
231:
227:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
197:reconstructed
194:
190:
187:The theonym *
180:
178:
174:
171:, as well as
170:
169:Arthur Machen
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
140:
139:
135:
134:
130:
126:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
83:
79:
75:
72:
68:
67:reconstructed
64:
63:
57:
56:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
2860:Hunting gods
2584:Iovantucarus
2457:
2423:Belatucadros
2373:Celtic wheel
2155:Anextiomarus
2113:
2046:
2042:
2010:
1977:
1973:
1943:(1): 39â79.
1940:
1936:
1913:
1889:
1861:
1835:
1809:
1765:
1759:
1740:j.ctt130jf9h
1720:
1696:
1686:Bibliography
1675:
1667:
1659:
1652:
1636:
1620:
1608:
1588:
1568:
1561:
1552:
1546:
1527:
1521:
1511:
1507:
1495:
1486:
1475:
1462:
1451:
1442:
1433:
1422:
1413:
1402:
1393:07, 00140 =
1386:
1375:
1366:
1360:
1337:
1331:
1312:
1306:
1292:(1): 27â71.
1289:
1285:
1279:
1267:
1255:
1248:dil.ie/33328
1244:
1236:
1224:
1212:
1200:
1193:Sterckx 1994
1188:
1176:
1154:dil.ie/33330
1151:? nĂșada(i)t,
1150:
1142:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1017:
980:
966:
962:
956:
950:
937:Nyarlathotep
933:night-gaunts
926:
920:
898:
886:
876:
858:
828:
823:
818:Middle-earth
775:
767:
764:Gwyn ap Nudd
741:
732:
718:
698:
679:
627:
620:
611:
610:
606:
605:
595:curse tablet
592:
572:
557:River Severn
548:
522:
502:Inscriptions
487:
473:
468:
462:
458:
454:
439:
435:
419:
410:
407:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
370:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:(cf. Gothic
345:
337:
333:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
301:
297:
293:
289:
283:
278:
274:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
237:
232:
230:Middle Welsh
223:
221:Middle Irish
212:
209:Proto-Celtic
204:
200:
192:
188:
186:
164:
153:Middle-earth
142:
138:
137:
132:
122:
77:
73:
61:
59:
54:
52:
51:
18:
16:Celtic deity
2855:Health gods
2819:Endovelicus
2569:Icovellauna
2468:Ricagambeda
2345:Telesphorus
2300:Nantosuelta
1918:D.S. Brewer
1768:(1): 1â22.
1756:Carey, John
1625:Leiber 2001
1593:Leiber 2001
1504:Lydney Park
1205:Wagner 1986
1169:Wagner 1986
851:Celebrimbor
835:Tom Shippey
820:legendarium
756:Mordaf Hael
561:Severn Bore
525:Lydney Park
517:Lydney Park
478:(1906) the
444:euhemerized
428:Nuadu Necht
408:Nudd's son
381:(cf. Goth.
332:(although -
161:Celebrimbor
147:and author
145:philologist
93:Lydney Park
85:healing god
46:Celebrimbor
2844:Categories
2796:Nehalennia
2753:Cathubodua
2720:Ambisagrus
2667:Moritasgus
2632:Atepomarus
2589:Veraudunus
2531:Sexarbores
2403:Alaisiagae
2049:: 425â446.
1322:0192831313
1260:Simek 1996
1229:Carey 1984
1217:Carey 1984
1181:Carey 1984
1114:Carey 1984
991:References
878:The Hobbit
725:Dian Cecht
682:Lancashire
539:measuring
416:Otherworld
286:John Carey
271:Old Breton
213:*Nowdont-.
101:Lancashire
2806:Gallaecia
2791:Gebrinius
2697:Smertrios
2604:Xulsigiae
2594:Vindonnus
2579:Intarabus
2488:Vinotonus
2443:Coventina
2428:Britannia
2418:Arnemetia
2398:Abandinus
2390:Britannia
2355:Virotutis
2270:Loucetios
2220:Dis Pater
2205:Cissonius
2200:Cicolluis
2195:Cernunnos
2185:Brigantia
2126:by region
2124:Gallaecia
2019:1935-6102
2002:164811405
1994:0084-5302
1965:160489954
1957:0084-5302
1894:. Brill.
1790:161691514
1782:0084-5302
1645:Wood 2022
1629:Wood 2022
1613:Wood 2022
1597:Wood 2022
1272:Orel 2003
1024:Routledge
973:Footnotes
967:Airgetlam
895:Lovecraft
772:Beli Mawr
733:AirgetlĂĄm
597:reading:
568:hill fort
549:incubatio
362:*Nowdont-
247:nĂșada(i)t
165:AirgetlĂĄm
105:Roman god
69:from the
2768:Rudianos
2763:Nemausus
2738:Albiorix
2692:Souconna
2657:Nemetona
2652:Luxovius
2642:Gobannus
2627:Anvallus
2564:Arvernus
2559:Arduinna
2438:Cocidius
2413:Andraste
2360:Visucius
2350:Toutatis
2335:Suleviae
2330:Sucellus
2315:Rosmerta
2210:Condatis
2175:Belisama
2145:Alisanos
2043:Celticum
2027:27204678
1912:(1996).
1886:(2003).
1860:(2009).
1834:(2004).
1800:(2001).
1748:22766987
1286:Folklore
881:and the
869:Sindarin
729:Creidhne
612:Rediviva
565:Iron Age
553:pilgrims
488:Lydan-eÄĄ
459:*BalĂ°raz
336:- > -
277:(modern
228:and the
215:It is a
127:and the
112:Silvanus
2748:Buxenus
2743:Artaius
2687:Sequana
2647:Icaunis
2622:Acionna
2599:Vosegus
2574:Inciona
2554:Ancamna
2516:Abellio
2498:Veteris
2493:Verbeia
2473:Satiada
2408:Ancasta
2381:Taranis
2340:Taranis
2290:Matrona
2280:Maponos
2265:Litavis
2250:Grannus
2235:Erecura
2190:Camulus
2170:Belenus
2150:Andarta
2140:Alaunus
2120:Britain
1808:(ed.).
1672:citing
1243:, s.v.
1149:, s.v.
1056:, s.v.
1016:(ed.).
947:Paolini
855:Eregion
847:Eregion
814:Tolkien
789:Tolkien
587:reliefs
480:toponym
455:*balĂŸaz
330:Gaulish
324:- >
302:snowdo-
251:NĆdonti
217:cognate
205:Nodonti
201:Nodenti
116:cognate
80:) is a
78:Nodonti
74:Nodenti
34:dwarves
26:Tolkien
2814:Bandua
2662:Moccus
2637:Bricta
2549:Abnoba
2478:Senuna
2463:Ocelus
2458:Nodens
2325:Sirona
2320:Segomo
2310:Ritona
2305:Ogmios
2295:Mogons
2285:Matres
2225:Divona
2215:Damona
2106:series
2067:Nodens
2025:
2017:
2000:
1992:
1963:
1955:
1924:
1898:
1872:
1846:
1820:
1788:
1780:
1746:
1738:
1728:
1707:
1576:
1534:
1348:
1319:
1058:Nodons
1030:
958:Eragon
784:Legacy
748:Triads
484:Lydney
469:BĂŠldĂŠg
391:nÄwito
387:nautin
350:niutan
275:Nodent
193:Nodons
189:Nodens
82:Celtic
71:dative
62:Nodons
55:Nodens
44:, and
2824:Nabia
2682:Robor
2677:Naria
2672:Mullo
2526:Fagus
2483:Sulis
2453:Latis
2448:Iouga
2433:Clota
2275:Lugus
2260:Lenus
2230:Epona
2180:Borvo
2165:Aveta
2160:Artio
2023:JSTOR
1998:S2CID
1980:(1).
1961:S2CID
1866:Brill
1804:. In
1786:S2CID
1736:JSTOR
1664:(PDF)
843:Moria
768:Lludd
737:Miach
537:cella
492:Lludd
464:Baldr
457:>
440:nĂșadu
436:nĂșada
432:Annwn
426:) or
399:neued
395:neĂłit
383:nauĂŸs
358:naudĂ
346:néud-
318:snuad
314:nĆ«bÄs
310:snewd
298:Nuadu
294:Lludd
273:name
243:nodot
238:Lludd
225:Nuadu
211:stem
129:Welsh
124:Nuada
120:Irish
42:rings
30:curse
2829:Reue
2702:Telo
2521:Baco
2240:Esus
2122:and
2116:Gaul
2015:ISSN
1990:ISSN
1953:ISSN
1922:ISBN
1896:ISBN
1870:ISBN
1844:ISBN
1818:ISBN
1778:ISSN
1744:OCLC
1726:ISBN
1705:ISBN
1574:ISBN
1532:ISBN
1346:ISBN
1317:ISBN
1241:eDIL
1147:eDIL
1064:and
1062:Nudd
1028:ISBN
845:and
762:and
754:and
744:Nudd
630:Mars
581:and
420:Finn
411:Gwyn
354:nuta
296:and
290:nudd
255:-ont
245:and
233:Nudd
191:or *
143:The
133:Nudd
108:Mars
1982:doi
1945:doi
1770:doi
1395:RIB
1391:CIL
1294:doi
955:'s
951:In
919:'s
903:'s
885:in
875:in
867:of
853:of
816:'s
774:in
490:, "
371:neh
279:Nuz
265:in
263:-Ć«-
261:to
259:-Ć-
203:or
195:is
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76:or
58:or
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2118:,
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1776:.
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1734:.
1699:.
1468:AE
1290:17
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1060:,
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1022:.
998:^
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