29:
209:
aimed at a command in the region. After marching on Rome and outlawing Marius, Sulla sailed east and fought
Mithridates VI on several occasions over the next three years, and finally in 85 BC, Mithridates VI sued for peace, and was allowed to retain his kingship in Pontus after paying a heavy fine.
190:
due to Rome's influence in the region. However, Aquillius encouraged
Nicomedes IV to raid Mithridates VI's territory, prompting Mithridates VI to retaliate again in 88 BC. Nicomedes IV fled once again to Rome. Mithridates invaded and conquered Bithynia and the Roman provinces of Asia, starting the
217:
was an ambassador to
Nicomedes IV's court. Caesar was sent to raise a fleet using Bithynia's resources, but he remained so long with the King that a rumor of a sexual relationship between the two men surfaced, leading to the disparaging title for Caesar, "the
213:
Nicomedes IV was restored to his throne in
Bithynia in 84 BC. The years that followed were relatively peaceful, though Bithynia came more and more under the control of Rome. In 80 BC, young Gaius
28:
234:
in the relationship. It is unknown if a sexual relationship existed or was only a story told by his opponents, and Caesar vigorously denied its truthfulness.
518:
319:
1530:
161:
1787:
594:
153:
149:
361:
2021:
141:
2031:
406:
483:
167:
His reign began at the death of his father. The first few years of his kingship were relatively peaceful, but soon King
198:
The East was seen by the Romans as a province providing an abundance of gold and silver. As such, two powerful Romans,
329:
302:
2026:
587:
187:
1711:
1603:
1792:
1852:
1838:
1706:
1691:
846:
513:
182:, assisted by Mithridates VI, defeated Nicomedes IV's army in 90 BC, and Nicomedes IV was forced to flee to
1996:
1701:
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1638:
1618:
1900:
1885:
1696:
1681:
1666:
1651:
1608:
1580:
791:
580:
506:
222:", an appellation which Caesar's political enemies made use of later in his life. During Caesar's Gallic
99:
1716:
1671:
1646:
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1593:
1414:
1628:
1613:
1516:
1473:
1299:
1052:
696:
547:
237:
As one of his last acts as king of
Bithynia, in 74 BC, Nicomedes IV bequeathed the entire kingdom of
231:
230:," (Caesar laid the Gauls low, Nicomedes laid Caesar low), suggesting that Caesar was the submissive
126:
89:
57:
1943:
1875:
1861:
1856:
1847:
1833:
1819:
1809:
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1511:
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1344:
1057:
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had other plans for
Bithynia, however, and Nicomedes IV's death and bequeathal led directly to the
168:
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1890:
1843:
1829:
1721:
1588:
1535:
1501:
1493:
1442:
1437:
1123:
947:
826:
760:
668:
635:
1958:
1824:
1656:
1545:
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1506:
1463:
1432:
1304:
1229:
1166:
1143:
1062:
1047:
1037:
1032:
1017:
957:
952:
937:
806:
711:
701:
663:
206:
355:
2016:
1984:
1979:
1963:
1933:
1799:
1565:
1521:
1458:
1254:
1244:
1191:
1186:
1042:
1022:
1012:
1007:
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982:
942:
821:
816:
796:
786:
770:
765:
630:
473:
254:
192:
152:, who Granius Licinianus claims died nine days after his birth. He had three half siblings,
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1948:
1751:
1570:
1422:
997:
977:
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271:
8:
1918:
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1027:
962:
904:
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811:
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1938:
1369:
1221:
932:
922:
889:
726:
645:
603:
533:
B. C. McGing, The foreign policy of
Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus, BRILL, 1986
321:
Roman Rule in Asia Minor, Volume 1 (Text): To the End of the Third
Century After Christ
145:
137:
460:
1974:
1953:
1908:
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1483:
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967:
927:
742:
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298:
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76:
523:
435:
414:
1731:
1550:
1201:
1085:
987:
780:
755:
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393:
39:
175:'s greatest enemies during the late Republic, began harassing Bithynia's borders.
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365:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 664.
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by his father's second marriage to Nysa, and a half brother named
1928:
1324:
140:
wrote that
Nicomedes IV was the son of Nicomedes III by his wife
1339:
527:
125:
from c. 94 BC to 74 BC. He was the first son and successor of
183:
116:
382:
The foreign policy of
Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus
519:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
409:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
245:
quickly voted it as a new province. Rome's old enemy
148:
he was a son of Nicomedes III by a first wife called
171:(the maternal grand-uncle of Nicomedes IV), one of
471:
160:from his father's concubine, Hagne, and possibly
2008:
465:
297:. Harvard University Press. pp. 30, 351.
588:
595:
581:
228:Gallias Caesar subegit, Caesarem Nicomedes
27:
349:
345:
343:
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478:. Yale University Press. pp. 68–.
2009:
602:
292:
33:Nicomedes IV depicted on a silver coin
1527:Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos
576:
404:
338:
317:
1995:Hellenistic rulers were preceded by
448:Cambridge Ancient History, Volume IX
186:. He was restored to his throne by
13:
14:
2043:
394:Memnon, History of Heracleia 22.5
2022:1st-century BC Kings of Bithynia
318:Magie, David (8 December 2015).
295:Caesar: Politician and Statesman
67:Bithynia became a Roman province
2032:People of the Mithridatic Wars
453:
440:
428:
413:. p. 1218. Archived from
398:
387:
374:
311:
286:
1:
1999:in most of their territories.
797:Cleopatra II Philometor Soter
495:
405:Smith, William, ed. (1870).
7:
792:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
472:Adrian Goldsworthy (2008).
446:J. Hind, 'Mithridates', in
260:
16:King of Bithynia (94–74 BC)
10:
2048:
475:Caesar: Life of a Colossus
117:
1993:
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1730:
1637:
1579:
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1413:
1220:
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1071:
913:
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741:
697:Antigonus I Monophthalmus
687:
644:
611:
552:
544:
539:
526:(erroneously called so),
293:Gelzer, Matthias (1968).
127:Nicomedes III of Bithynia
95:
85:
75:
71:
63:
53:
45:
38:
26:
21:
1058:Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
857:Cleopatra VII Philopator
369:numbered as III. not IV.
280:
226:a popular verse began: "
178:Nicomedes IV's brother,
169:Mithridates VI of Pontus
2027:Lovers of Julius Caesar
1855:'s attempted rule with
1536:Mithridates V Euergetes
948:Antiochus III the Great
761:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
702:Demetrius I Poliorcetes
626:Alexander III the Great
362:Encyclopædia Britannica
132:
109:Nicomedes IV Philopator
22:Nicomedes IV Philopator
1639:Monarchs of Cappadocia
1541:Mithridates VI Eupator
1063:Philip II Philoromaeus
1048:Antiochus XII Dionysus
1038:Demetrius III Eucaerus
1033:Antiochus XI Epiphanes
1018:Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
958:Antiochus IV Epiphanes
953:Seleucus IV Philopator
938:Seleucus II Callinicus
837:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
712:Demetrius II Aetolicus
356:"Nicomedes III."
207:Lucius Cornelius Sulla
1581:Monarchs of Commagene
1502:Mithridates I Ctistes
1043:Philip I Philadelphus
1023:Seleucus VI Epiphanes
1013:Antiochus VIII Grypus
1008:Seleucus V Philometor
993:Antiochus VII Sidetes
983:Antiochus VI Dionysus
943:Seleucus III Ceraunus
842:Berenice IV Epiphanea
787:Ptolemy VI Philometor
771:Ptolemy IV Philopator
766:Ptolemy III Euergetes
631:Philip III Arrhidaeus
255:Third Mithridatic War
193:First Mithridatic War
164:by an unknown woman.
1415:Monarchs of Bithynia
998:Alexander II Zabinas
978:Demetrius II Nicator
895:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
862:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
827:Ptolemy XI Alexander
802:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
707:Antigonus II Gonatas
507:Lives of the Caesars
1997:Hellenistic satraps
1028:Antiochus X Eusebes
963:Antiochus V Eupator
905:Cleopatra Selene II
832:Ptolemy XII Auletes
817:Ptolemy X Alexander
812:Ptolemy IX Lathyros
776:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
717:Antigonus III Doson
144:, but according to
118:Νικομήδης Φιλοπάτωρ
1901:Monarchs of Epirus
1734:Cimmerian Bosporus
1494:Monarchs of Pontus
1053:Cleopatra Selene I
933:Antiochus II Theos
923:Seleucus I Nicator
890:Demetrius the Fair
872:Monarchs of Cyrene
146:Granius Licinianus
138:Memnon of Heraclea
121:) was the king of
2004:
2003:
1484:Socrates Chrestus
973:Alexander I Balas
968:Demetrius I Soter
928:Antiochus I Soter
674:Antipater Etesias
571:
570:
485:978-0-300-13919-8
232:receiving partner
220:Queen of Bithynia
180:Socrates Chrestus
158:Socrates Chrestus
106:
105:
2039:
1796:
1712:Ariobarzanes III
1086:Ptolemy Epigonos
988:Diodotus Tryphon
781:Cleopatra I Syra
756:Ptolemy Keraunos
597:
590:
583:
574:
573:
555:King of Bithynia
545:Preceded by
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451:
450:(1994), pp.143–4
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40:King of Bithynia
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1989:
1895:
1886:Mithridates III
1790:
1733:
1732:Monarchs of the
1726:
1707:Ariobarzanes II
1692:Ariarathes VIII
1633:
1619:Mithridates III
1575:
1517:Mithridates III
1488:
1409:
1216:
1144:Greco-Bactrians
1138:
1090:
1067:
909:
866:
751:Ptolemy I Soter
737:
683:
640:
607:
601:
558:
550:
524:"Nicomedes III"
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565:Roman Republic
563:Annexation by
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540:Regnal titles
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514:Smith, William
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353:, ed. (1911).
351:Chisholm, Hugh
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162:Pylaemenes III
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1924:Neoptolemus I
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1820:Mithridates I
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1810:Paerisades IV
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1682:Ariarathes VI
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1667:Ariarathes IV
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1652:Ariarathes II
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1474:Nicomedes III
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1305:Demetrius III
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1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1260:Antimachus II
1258:
1256:
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1250:Apollodotus I
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1236:
1233:
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1223:
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1207:Eucratides II
1205:
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1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
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1172:Euthydemus II
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900:Ptolemy Apion
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807:Cleopatra III
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548:Nicomedes III
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417:on 2011-02-20
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241:to Rome. The
240:
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215:Julius Caesar
211:
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201:
196:
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102:or Aristonica
101:
98:
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90:Nicomedes III
88:
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66:
62:
59:
58:Nicomedes III
56:
52:
48:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
2017:74 BC deaths
1959:Alexander II
1815:Paerisades V
1778:Spartokos IV
1742:Paerisades I
1717:Ariarathes X
1672:Ariarathes V
1647:Ariarathes I
1629:Antiochus IV
1614:Antiochus II
1546:Pharnaces II
1507:Ariobarzanes
1479:Nicomedes IV
1478:
1469:Nicomedes II
1395:Apollophanes
1380:Hippostratos
1295:Heliokles II
1255:Demetrius II
1235:Antimachus I
1197:Eucratides I
1192:Demetrius II
1177:Antimachus I
1162:Euthydemus I
847:Ptolemy XIII
822:Berenice III
669:Antipater II
636:Alexander IV
562:
553:
517:
505:
474:
467:
455:
447:
442:
430:
419:. Retrieved
415:the original
408:
400:
389:
381:
376:
368:
360:
320:
313:
294:
288:
273:Young Caesar
272:
243:Roman Senate
236:
227:
212:
200:Gaius Marius
197:
177:
166:
136:
108:
107:
1980:Pyrrhus III
1964:Olympias II
1934:Alexander I
1791: [
1788:Spartokos V
1657:Ariamnes II
1604:Antiochus I
1566:Pythodorida
1522:Pharnaces I
1443:Zipoetes II
1438:Nicomedes I
1355:Artemidoros
1350:Menander II
1290:Antialcidas
1275:Agathokleia
1230:Demetrius I
1222:Indo-Greeks
1212:Heliocles I
1167:Demetrius I
1157:Diodotus II
1134:Eumenes III
1129:Attalus III
1104:Philetaerus
1073:Lysimachids
885:Berenice II
852:Ptolemy XIV
734:(pretender)
664:Alexander V
646:Antipatrids
604:Hellenistic
510:: "Caesar".
267:Attalus III
54:Predecessor
49:c. 94–74 BC
2011:Categories
1970:Pyrrhus II
1949:Alcetas II
1914:Tharrhypas
1881:Gepaepyris
1853:Scribonius
1747:Satyros II
1677:Orophernes
1589:Ptolemaeus
1571:Polemon II
1464:Prusias II
1433:Zipoetes I
1405:Strato III
1330:Theophilos
1310:Philoxenus
1265:Menander I
1245:Agathocles
1187:Agathocles
1152:Diodotus I
1124:Attalus II
1119:Eumenes II
1081:Lysimachus
689:Antigonids
516:(editor);
496:References
461:ii., 45–53
459:Suetonius
421:2010-10-07
150:Aristonica
1954:Pyrrhus I
1919:Alcetas I
1825:Pharnaces
1800:Kamasarye
1783:Leukon II
1767:Hygiainon
1722:Archelaus
1561:Polemon I
1459:Prusias I
1400:Strato II
1390:Zoilos II
1385:Dionysios
1365:Archebius
1335:Peukolaos
1300:Polyxenos
1240:Pantaleon
1182:Pantaleon
1114:Attalus I
1109:Eumenes I
915:Seleucids
743:Ptolemies
732:Philip VI
679:Sosthenes
659:Philip IV
654:Cassander
621:Philip II
559:94–74 BC
530:, (1867).
502:Suetonius
64:Successor
1985:Deidamia
1966:(regent)
1939:Aeacides
1876:Aspurgus
1769:(regent)
1752:Prytanis
1594:Sames II
1450:(regent)
1423:Boteiras
1370:Telephos
1360:Hermaeus
1315:Diomedes
1285:Strato I
1270:Zoilos I
1096:Attalids
783:(regent)
722:Philip V
384:, p. 143
380:McGing,
261:See also
239:Bithynia
202:and the
123:Bithynia
1975:Ptolemy
1929:Arybbas
1909:Admetus
1891:Cotys I
1871:Polemon
1866:Polemon
1862:Dynamis
1857:Dynamis
1848:Dynamis
1844:Asander
1834:Dynamis
1830:Asander
1757:Eumelos
1556:Arsaces
1531:Laodice
1454:Ziaelas
1448:Etazeta
1325:Epander
1320:Amyntas
727:Perseus
613:Argeads
436:p. 1197
434:Smith,
275:(opera)
224:Triumph
1551:Darius
1345:Nicias
1340:Thraso
1280:Lysias
606:rulers
528:Boston
482:
328:
301:
251:Pontus
204:consul
96:Mother
86:Father
1864:with
1846:with
1832:with
1795:]
1529:with
1202:Plato
880:Magas
281:Notes
184:Italy
113:Greek
77:Issue
46:Reign
480:ISBN
326:ISBN
299:ISBN
173:Rome
154:Nysa
142:Nysa
133:Life
100:Nysa
81:Nysa
1428:Bas
249:of
2013::
1793:ru
522::
504:,
359:.
340:^
324:.
257:.
195:.
129:.
115::
596:e
589:t
582:v
488:.
424:.
411:"
407:"
371:)
367:(
334:.
307:.
111:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
