629:
258:
1345:
640:
33:
265:, at Aurora in the Western Cape of South Africa. The English portion of the inscription reads: "This is the site of the Maclear Beacon positioned in 1838 near the original North Terminal of the Arc of Meridian positioned by Abbé de Lacaille, the first surveyor to introduce Geodetic Surveying into South Africa." Open the image to see the Afrikaans portion.
423:, captained by the noted hydrographer Jean-Baptiste d'Après de Mannevillette, Lacaille became conscious of the difficulties in determining positions at sea. On his return to Paris he prepared the first set of tables of the Moon's position that was accurate enough to use for determining time and longitude by the method of 'Lunars' (
475:
its name. His last public lecture, given on 14 September 1761 at the Royal
Academy of Sciences, summarised the improvements to astronomy that had occurred during his lifetime, to which he had made no small contribution. His death, probably caused in part by over-work, occurred in 1762. He was buried
443:
said of him that, during a comparatively short life, he had made more observations and calculations than all the astronomers of his time put together. The quality of his work rivalled its quantity, while the disinterestedness and rectitude of his moral character earned him universal respect.
285:. The primary result of his two-year stay was the observations of nearly 10,000 southern stars, the production of which required observing every night for over a year. In the course of his survey he took note of 42 nebulous objects. He also achieved his aim of determining the lunar and solar
937:
The traditional birth date of 15 March 1713 has been questioned due to many infants of the
Catholic Church being baptised on the day of their birth in the 17th and 18th centuries. His baptism date is 15 December 1713; babies were normally baptised on the day that they were
905:
237:, where he constructed a small observatory fitted for his own use. He was the author of a number of influential textbooks and a firm advocate of Newtonian gravitational theory. His students included
1634:
809:
for the beginning of the year 1750: from the observations of the Abbé de
Lacaille, made at the cap of Good Hope in the years 1751 and 1752; with a preface by Sir J. F. W. Herschel
1360:
182:. He was left destitute in 1731 by the death of his father, who had held a post in the household of the duchess of VendĂ´me. However, he was supported in his studies by the
1624:
269:
His desire to determine the distances of the planets trigonometrically, using the longest possible baseline, led him to propose, in 1750, an expedition to the
1400:
628:
1619:
1609:
1487:
383:, while recuperating from an illness at the Cape nearly seventy years later, suggested that Lacaille's latitude observations had been affected by the
497:
1335:
Journal historique du voyage fait au Cap de Bonne-Espérance par feu M. l'abbé de La Caille..., Paris, Guillyn, 1763. This work was edited by
1365:
1604:
1496:
832:
371:
observations. There is a memorial to his work at a location near Aurora, pictured here. His result suggested that the Earth was more
274:
221:. The success of this difficult operation, which occupied two years, and achieved the correction of the anomalous result published by
257:
1614:
1393:
1251:
1480:
1629:
1316:
1235:
1180:
990:
888:
1639:
1323:
Travels at the Cape, 1751–53: an annotated translation of
Journal historique du voyage fait au Cap de Bonne-Espérance ...
956:
697:
He communicated to the
Academy in 1755 a classed catalogue of forty two southern nebulae, and gave in t. ii. of his
1193:
1386:
1473:
1330:
1299:
489:
456:, Lacaille was distressed to find himself an object of public attention. He resumed his work at the Mazarin College.
293:
serving as an intermediary). This work required near-simultaneous observations from Europe which were carried out by
1465:
824:"Planisphere contenant les Constellations Celestes comprises entre le Pole Austral et le Tropique du Capricorne",
1325:; transl. and ed. by R. Raven-Hart. Cape Town: A.A. Balkema for the Friends of the South African Library, 1976
846:(1776), 2nd ed., plate 29. (French)* "Planisphere des Etoiles les Australes dressé par M. i'Abbé de la Caille",
762:"Stellarum longitudines & latitudines verae ad annum ineuntum 1750, Earum praecipue quae Zodiacales sunt",
504:
139:
777:
seu, Observationes ad
Construendum Stellarum Australium Catalogum Institutae: in Africa ad Caput Bonae-Spei
701:(1755) practical rules for the employment of the lunar method of longitudes, proposing in his additions to
602:
598:
400:
183:
424:
754:
novissimis solis et stellarum observationibus stabilita, Lutetiae in
Collegio mazarineo et in Africa ad
1644:
1528:
1284:
Jean-Baptiste Joseph
Delambre, Histoire de l'astronomie au Dix-Huitième siècle, Paris, Bachelier, 1827.
910:
531:
384:
230:
226:
948:
735:"Table des Ascensions Droites et des Declinaisons Apparentes des Etoiles australes renfermées dans le
780:
348:
1568:
1518:
1106:
571:
1007:
672:
175:
1227:
1078:
1070:
1062:
982:
1378:
1437:
1028:
616:
In honor of his contribution to the study of the southern hemisphere sky, a 60-cm telescope at
428:
317:
1221:
749:"Stellarum ascensiones rectae verae & declinationes verae ad Epocham anni ineuntis 1750",
225:
in 1718, was mainly due to
Lacaille's industry and skill. He was rewarded by admission to the
1543:
1533:
546:
536:
468:
372:
364:
344:
309:
179:
1599:
1594:
1453:
1074:
1066:
1058:
1040:
919:
360:
336:
151:
786:"Catalogue suivant des principales Étoiles du Ciel, pour le commencement de l'Anee 1750",
691:
399:, who was Astronomer Royal at the Cape, repeated the measurements over a longer baseline (
8:
1287:
1259:
1031:(February 1890), "Investigation of errors in Lacaille's Coelum Australe Stelliferum, I",
880:
736:
610:
464:
440:
431:. Lacaille was in fact an indefatigable calculator. Apart from constructing astronomical
404:
332:
294:
242:
234:
214:
1044:
923:
583:
477:
791:, pour dix annees, depuis 1765 jusqu'en 1775, et pour le meridien de la ville de Paris
730:, pour dix années, depuis 1755 jusqu'en 1765, et pour le meridien de la ville de Paris
492:. He was also an honorary member of the academies of Saint Petersburg and Berlin, the
1495:
1326:
1312:
1295:
1231:
1176:
1146:
1129:
986:
884:
755:
472:
324:
270:
246:
238:
163:
128:
81:
53:
1141:
1048:
388:
1373:
803:
740:
1175:
Thomas Hockey et al. The
Biographical Dictionary of Astronomers, Springer, 2007,
1163:
Verification and Extension of Lacaille's Arc of Meridian at the Cape of Good Hope
788:
770:
751:
727:
328:
222:
218:
198:
171:
119:
304:, was published posthumously in 1763. He found it necessary to introduce 14 new
1336:
702:
677:(in French). Paris: Hippolyte Louis Guérin & Louis François Delatour. 1764.
396:
376:
313:
262:
798:Éphémérides des mouvemens célestes, pour dix annees, depuis 1765 jusqu'en 1775
1588:
1409:
1356:
1351:
1197:
812:
594:
493:
471:. He carried out calculations on comet orbits and was responsible for giving
380:
368:
305:
682:
Calculations by him of eclipses for eighteen hundred years were inserted in
123:; 15 March 1713 – 21 March 1762), formerly sometimes spelled
1538:
853:"Planisphere des Etoiles les Australes dressé par M. i'Abbé de la Caille",
842:"Planisphere des Etoiles les Australes dressé par M. i'Abbé de la Caille",
541:
463:, containing a list of about 400 bright stars with positions corrected for
352:
147:
419:
During his voyage to the southern hemisphere as a passenger on the vessel
1573:
1091:
Everest, George (1821). "On the Triangulation of the Cape of Good Hope".
687:
606:
576:
282:
143:
759:(1757), pp. 233–237. (containing a standard catalogue of 398 stars)
1429:
1369:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 35.
643:
197:. He concentrated thereafter on science, and, through the patronage of
131:
1292:
Lacaille: astronomer, traveller; with a new translation of his journal
725:"Remarques sur le Catalogue suivant des principales Étoiles du Ciel",
617:
189:
After he graduated, he did not accept ordination as a priest but took
1563:
1304:
811:(1847), giving zone observations of about 10,000 stars, re-edited by
566:
453:
432:
408:
392:
356:
340:
278:
202:
135:
98:
1052:
639:
591:
521:
286:
167:
1350:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
746:(1756), pp. 539–592. (describing fourteen new constellations)
1408:
436:
210:
312:, the only constellation named after a terrestrial feature (the
194:
1553:
1548:
1523:
1513:
1508:
1445:
556:
551:
526:
516:
511:
206:
190:
170:
in eastern France, he attended school in Mantes-sur-Seine (now
597:(AKA 7609 P-L and 1994 EK6), discovered on 17 October 1960 by
1558:
561:
1635:
Honorary members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
848:
Recueil de Planches de l'Encyclopédie par ordre de matieres
587:
290:
32:
1194:"TÉLESCOPE LACAILLE DE 60CM DES MAKES (ILE DE LA RÉUNION)"
1057:
Note that there are three other parts to this study. Cf.
633:
Leçons elementaires d'astronomie, géométrique et physique
452:
On his return to Paris in 1754, following a diversion to
174:). Afterwards, he studied rhetoric and philosophy at the
1374:
Virtual exhibition on Paris Observatory digital library
277:. There, he constructed an observatory on the shore of
1497:
Constellations introduced by Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille
1220:
Thompson, Robert; Thompson, Barbara Fritchman (2007).
1252:"Lacaille's "Catalog of Nebulae of the Southern Sky""
805:
A catalogue of 9766 stars in the southern hemisphere,
1309:
Nicolas-Louis de La Caille, Astronomer and Geodesist
1165:. Vol. I. Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.
979:
Nicolas-Louis de La Caille. Astronomer and Geodesist
308:which have since become standard. One of these was
229:and appointment as Professor of mathematics in the
435:and mathematical tables, he calculated a table of
403:) and ultimately confirmed Everest's conjecture.
252:
646:is a globular cluster discovered in 16 June 1752.
391:of Table Mountain at the southern end and by the
245:, both of whom were later guillotined during the
1625:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
1586:
1219:
488:In 1754, he was elected a foreign member of the
1339:, who attached a discourse on La Caille's life.
668:(1746); 4th edition augmented by Lalande (1779)
375:towards the south pole than towards the north.
142:. From 1750 to 1754, he studied the sky at the
476:in the vaults of the Mazarin College, now the
150:. Lacaille observed over 10,000 stars using a
1481:
1394:
217:, for which he is honoured with a pyramid at
828:1752 (1756), p. 590, plate 20. (French)
796:"Observations sur 515 Ă©toiles du Zodiaque",
1186:
976:
1488:
1474:
1401:
1387:
877:The Biographical Dictionary of Astronomers
1620:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
1610:Academic staff of the University of Paris
1223:Illustrated guide to astronomical wonders
1145:
1008:"Star Tales – Lacaille's southern survey"
335:in the southern hemisphere. He set out a
1355:
1311:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013
638:
627:
256:
1160:
1090:
709:(1760) the model of a nautical almanac.
320:found a considerable number of errors.
281:with the support of the Dutch Governor
275:Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière
261:A memorial to the Abbé de Lacaille and
1587:
1127:
1109:. Astronomical Society of South Africa
903:
874:
620:will be named the Lacaille Telescope.
316:). An 1890 study of this catalogue by
1469:
1382:
1027:
742:Memoires Academie Royale des Sciences
407:was erected on the Table Mountain in
118:
875:Hockey, Thomas; et al. (2007).
857:(1795), 3rd ed., plate 29. (French)
652:Leçons élémentaires de Mathématiques
273:. This was officially sanctioned by
213:, then, in 1739, in remeasuring the
1258:. 18 September 2007. Archived from
1005:
13:
850:(1789), vol. 7, plate 3. (French)
789:Éphémérides des mouvemens célestes
728:Éphémérides des mouvemens célestes
14:
1656:
1605:People from Ardennes (department)
769:"Stellarum Australium Catalogus",
719:
503:Lacaille has the honor of naming
490:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
461:Astronomiae Fundamenta Novissimus
1343:
1147:10.1046/j.1468-4004.2002.43225.x
949:"Abbé Nicolas Louis de Lacaille"
500:, and the Institute of Bologna.
201:, obtained employment, first in
31:
1615:18th-century French astronomers
1244:
1213:
1169:
1154:
1121:
957:University of Wisconsin–Madison
411:to help with the verification.
351:he then measured a 137 km
300:His southern catalogue, called
253:Voyage to the Cape of Good Hope
16:French astronomer and geodesist
1128:Warner, Brian (1 April 2002).
1099:
1084:
1021:
999:
970:
941:
931:
897:
868:
427:) using the orbital theory of
367:of the end points by means of
186:, his father's former patron.
1:
1278:
906:"Le Bicentenaire de Lacaille"
674:Leçons élémentaires d'optique
623:
447:
1630:Fellows of the Royal Society
654:(1741), frequently reprinted
613:, was also named after him.
603:Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld
599:Cornelis Johannes van Houten
414:
157:
7:
837:Coelum australe stelliferum
818:
772:Coelum australe stelliferum
684:L'Art de vérifier les dates
505:14 different constellations
343:plain north of present-day
302:Coelum Australe Stelliferum
10:
1661:
1640:Catholic clergy scientists
1361:Lacaille, Nicolas Louis de
1093:Memoirs Roy. Astr. Society
855:Atlas Celeste de Flamsteed
844:Atlas Celeste de Flamsteed
498:Royal Society of Göttingen
483:
395:at the northern. In 1838,
385:deflection of the vertical
120:[nikɔlalwidəlakaj]
1504:
1421:
1294:. Tucson: Pachart, 1992
766:(1757), pp. 238–239.
459:In 1757 he published his
401:Maclear's arc measurement
227:Royal Academy of Sciences
178:and then theology at the
112:Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille
104:
94:
87:
77:
61:
39:
30:
25:Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille
23:
1134:Astronomy and Geophysics
861:
826:Mem. de l'Ac. R. des Sc.
800:, (1763) pp. lxv-lxxvii.
389:gravitational attraction
327:, Lacaille performed an
138:who named 14 out of the
1366:Encyclopædia Britannica
1196:. IMCCE. Archived from
1130:"Lacaille 250 years on"
983:Oxford University Press
732:(1755), pp. xlix-lxiii.
193:'s orders, becoming an
1256:SEDS' Messier Database
793:(1763), pp. lvii-lxiv.
764:Astronomiae fundamenta
752:Astronomiae fundamenta
737:tropique du Capricorne
647:
636:
365:astronomical latitudes
266:
1107:"Arc of the Meridian"
1095:. I, pt. II: 255–270.
642:
631:
369:astronomical-geodetic
260:
1450:le Voilure du Navire
1228:O'Reilly Media, Inc.
1161:Maclear, T. (1866).
1033:Astronomical Journal
977:Glass, I.S. (2013).
783:), pp. 139–158.
707:Traité de Navigation
590:is named after him.
152:refracting telescope
1442:la Pouppe du Navire
1321:N.L. de La Caille:
1200:on 12 December 2011
1079:1890AJ.....10...17G
1071:1890AJ.....10....1G
1063:1890AJ......9..169G
1045:1890AJ......9..145G
924:1913LAstr..27..457B
904:Boquet, F. (1913).
881:Springer Publishing
779:(1763), (edited by
611:Palomar Observatory
333:radius of the Earth
243:Jean Sylvain Bailly
235:University of Paris
215:French meridian arc
1434:le Corps du Navire
1432:) subdivided into
648:
637:
496:of London and the
478:Institut de France
393:Piketberg Mountain
363:, determining the
267:
180:Collège de Navarre
176:Collège de Lisieux
1645:French geodesists
1582:
1581:
1463:
1462:
1317:978-0-19-966840-3
1237:978-0-596-52685-6
1181:978-0-387-31022-0
992:978-0-19-966840-3
890:978-0-387-31022-0
692:Charles Clémencet
331:to determine the
271:Cape of Good Hope
247:French Revolution
239:Antoine Lavoisier
144:Cape of Good Hope
140:88 constellations
108:
107:
89:Scientific career
1652:
1490:
1483:
1476:
1467:
1466:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1380:
1379:
1370:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1190:
1184:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1140:(2): 2.25–2.26.
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1082:
1056:
1039:(211): 145–152,
1025:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1003:
997:
996:
974:
968:
967:
965:
963:
945:
939:
935:
929:
927:
901:
895:
894:
872:
756:Caput Bonae-Spei
678:
439:for 1800 years.
405:Maclear's Beacon
122:
117:
68:
49:
47:
35:
21:
20:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1500:
1494:
1464:
1459:
1417:
1407:
1359:, ed. (1911). "
1344:
1342:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1265:
1263:
1262:on 26 June 2018
1250:
1249:
1245:
1238:
1226:. DIY science.
1218:
1214:
1203:
1201:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1174:
1170:
1159:
1155:
1126:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1089:
1085:
1026:
1022:
1012:
1010:
1004:
1000:
993:
975:
971:
961:
959:
947:
946:
942:
936:
932:
928:(See page 459.)
902:
898:
891:
883:. p. 665.
873:
869:
864:
839:(1763). (Latin)
833:Coelum Australe
821:
722:
713:Tabulae Solares
671:
661:(1743), &c.
626:
486:
450:
425:Lunar distances
417:
353:arc of meridian
329:arc measurement
255:
231:Mazarin college
223:Jacques Cassini
219:Juvisy-sur-Orge
205:the coast from
199:Jacques Cassini
172:Mantes-la-Jolie
160:
146:in present-day
115:
73:
70:
66:
57:
51:
45:
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1658:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1580:
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1571:
1566:
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1546:
1541:
1536:
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1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1493:
1492:
1485:
1478:
1470:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1412:subdivided by
1410:Constellations
1406:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1357:Chisholm, Hugh
1340:
1333:
1319:
1302:
1288:David S. Evans
1285:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1243:
1236:
1212:
1185:
1168:
1153:
1120:
1098:
1083:
1053:10.1086/101322
1020:
1006:Ridpath, Ian.
998:
991:
969:
953:astro.wisc.edu
940:
930:
896:
889:
866:
865:
863:
860:
859:
858:
851:
840:
829:
820:
817:
816:
815:
801:
794:
784:
767:
760:
747:
733:
721:
720:Star catalogue
718:
717:
716:
710:
703:Pierre Bouguer
695:
680:
669:
662:
655:
635:, 1755 edition
625:
622:
618:RĂ©union Island
580:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
485:
482:
473:Halley's Comet
449:
446:
416:
413:
397:Thomas Maclear
377:George Everest
314:Table Mountain
306:constellations
295:JĂ©rĂ´me Lalande
263:Thomas Maclear
254:
251:
184:Duc de Bourbon
159:
156:
106:
105:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
71:
69:(aged 49)
63:
59:
58:
52:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1657:
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1507:
1506:
1503:
1498:
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1486:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1392:
1390:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1352:public domain
1341:
1338:
1334:
1332:
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349:triangulation
346:
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323:While at the
321:
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72:Paris, France
65:21 March 1762
64:
60:
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50:15 March 1713
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
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1539:Microscopium
1449:
1441:
1433:
1425:
1413:
1364:
1337:Abbé Carlier
1322:
1308:
1291:
1264:. Retrieved
1260:the original
1255:
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1215:
1202:. Retrieved
1198:the original
1188:
1171:
1162:
1156:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1111:. Retrieved
1101:
1092:
1086:
1036:
1032:
1029:Gould, B. A.
1023:
1011:. Retrieved
1001:
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972:
960:. Retrieved
952:
943:
933:
915:
911:L'Astronomie
909:
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659:de MĂ©canique
658:
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582:The crater "
581:
542:Microscopium
502:
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322:
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148:South Africa
125:de la Caille
124:
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67:(1762-03-21)
18:
1600:1762 deaths
1595:1713 births
1574:Telescopium
962:18 February
918:: 457–473.
699:Ephémérides
688:Benedictine
679:2nd edition
607:Tom Gehrels
577:Telescopium
433:ephemerides
421:Le Glorieux
318:B. A. Gould
310:Mons Mensae
283:Ryk Tulbagh
78:Citizenship
1589:Categories
1529:Horologium
1499:after 1756
1430:Argo Navis
1305:I.S. Glass
1279:References
1204:1 December
1013:24 January
981:. Oxford:
690:historian
644:Messier 55
624:Main works
532:Horologium
480:in Paris.
465:aberration
448:Later life
287:parallaxes
132:astronomer
46:1713-03-15
1564:Reticulum
1426:le Navire
1113:27 August
744:pour 1752
586:" on the
584:La Caille
567:Reticulum
454:Mauritius
415:Computing
409:Cape Town
379:, of the
373:flattened
357:Cape Town
341:Swartland
279:Table Bay
203:surveying
158:Biography
136:geodesist
99:Astronomy
1569:Sculptor
1519:Circinus
1414:Lacaille
1210:(French)
819:Star map
813:F. Baily
592:Asteroid
572:Sculptor
522:Circinus
469:nutation
437:eclipses
429:Clairaut
355:between
347:. Using
337:baseline
168:Ardennes
162:Born at
127:, was a
56:, France
1448:), and
1416:in 1756
1354::
1075:Bibcode
1067:Bibcode
1059:Bibcode
1041:Bibcode
920:Bibcode
484:Honours
441:Lalande
345:Darling
339:in the
233:of the
211:Bayonne
166:in the
164:Rumigny
116:French:
54:Rumigny
1554:Pictor
1549:Octans
1524:Fornax
1514:Caelum
1509:Antlia
1446:Puppis
1438:Carina
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1234:
1183:, p666
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739:...",
715:(1758)
694:(1750)
664:ditto
657:ditto
557:Pictor
552:Octans
527:Fornax
517:Caelum
512:Antlia
361:Aurora
207:Nantes
191:deacon
129:French
95:Fields
82:French
1559:Pyxis
1544:Norma
1534:Mensa
1266:1 May
938:born.
862:Notes
562:Pyxis
547:Norma
537:Mensa
110:Abbé
1454:Vela
1327:ISBN
1313:ISBN
1296:ISBN
1268:2019
1232:ISBN
1206:2011
1177:ISBN
1115:2020
1015:2009
987:ISBN
964:2019
885:ISBN
605:and
588:Moon
467:and
359:and
325:Cape
291:Mars
241:and
195:Abbé
134:and
62:Died
40:Born
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