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1253:. In 1991 excavations were carried out but no significant discoveries were found. In excavations in 1994 researchers found 12 sites of artefacts and the fossils. The age of the Soa Valley is put at around 650,000 to 1.02 million years during which time there were at least two devastating volcanic events. So far, researchers have not found human fossils but it is believed that human fossils may yet be found. Stone artefacts suggesting
1205:
south-west) and Bena (6 km north-west). Malanage hot spring reaches a temperature between 42 °C and 45 °C. The collecting basin receives a hot current from the Inerie volcano and a cold current from the Wae Roa waterfall; by changing one's position in the basin, one experiences the whole range of temperatures from almost too hot to very cold. The local community from the nearby village of
Dariwali takes care of that spring.
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523:), but since 2010 three additional districts have been created by splitting of existing districts - Inerie, Golewa Selatan (South Golewa) and Golewa Barat (West Golewa). The districts are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the locations of the administrative centres, the number of
185:
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1118:, but there are several indigenous languages in Ngada based on their ethnicity. People from Aimere, Bajawa, Golewa, Inerie and Jerebu'u might speak the same language with minor differences, while people from Soa speak a slightly different language, and people from Riung speak a totally different language. Unable to communicate each other in their indigenous languages, they use Indonesian.
503:), Marianus Sae, apparently became angered following an altercation over local travel arrangements. On Saturday 21 December 2013 Marianus Sae was apparently unable to obtain a seat on a local flight in East Nusa Tenggara. Angered by the situation, Sae is reported to have ordered his subordinates to blockade the runway of the Turelelo airport in Soa District (
1174:
The locals do not accept that geothermal project for several reasons. Damages to 1,579 houses in 11 villages are mentioned in 2022. The roofs, most of them made of iron sheets, are corroded by the sulphur gas. The sulphur also affects agricultural crops such as cloves, coffee and cacao. And there are
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and it generates more than 20 hot springs with temperatures up to 95 °C and flows up to 500 l/s. The northern springs are likely to be associated with
Inielika volcano while the large group of features SW of Bajawa town are associated with Ineri cone and the many small recent eruptive centres to
1170:
As of 2022, Mataloko geothermal field has a total of 6 wells: 2 exploration wells (MT-1 and MT-2), which were drilled by the Japan-Indonesia
Cooperation Research Program; 2 delineation wells (MT-3 and MT-4); 1 development well (MT-5); and 1 injection well (MT-6). Mataloko geothermal power plant has
1312:
MT-1 and MT-2 wells were dug during a five-year
Indonesian-Japanese bilateral research cooperation program: the "Research Cooperation Project on the Exploration of Smallscale Geothermal Resources in the Eastern Part of Indonesia (ESSEI Project)", that started in April 1997 and ended in March 2002.
1204:
Malanage hot spring (Tiworiwu, Jerebuu district), to the east of the Inerie volcano, is 20 km south of Bajawa and near the traditional villages of Nio or Ngio (2 km east), Niki Sie (4 km south-east), Nua Olo (7 km south-east), Bowaru (2 km south), Pali Ana Loka (12 km south) Tololela (6 km
1402:
1126:
Mataloko (administrative center of Golewa district) has a geothermal area of 996.2 ha and is one of the most active geothermal fields in the Bajawa area, which stands along the southeast margin of the Bajawa
Depression. Its heat source is deemed to be residual magma under the young
469:
to the south. The
Regency, which covers an area of 1,620.92 km, had a population of 142,254 at the 2010 census, which increased to 165,254 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 171,736 (comprising 84,763 males and 86,973 females). The town of
1739:
1693:
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complexes. In Ngadha culture, the traditional houses have an important role as organizational units, as villagers must each belong to a house, thereby a clan. Clan totems can be ornately crafted symbols of this social organization.
1423:
Ahmad, Azaria Haykal; Adityatama, Daniel
Wilhelmus; Rusdianto, Muhammad Akram; Pradana, Gughy Mintorogo; Beryll, Trisha Amanda; Prasetyo, Pradana Vian; Rachmadani, Annisa (April 2022).
1214:
In the north, Riung is the portal to the beaches and underwater world of the 17-island marine park. The activities include snorkeling, diving, sun bathing, and observing flying foxes.
1313:
MT-1 was dug at a depth of 207.26 m and MT-2 at a depth of 180.02 m. MT-3 and MT-4 were dug later in 2003 or 2004 by the
Directorate General of Geology and Mineral Resources (DGGMR).
1232:
1721:(collaborative work between Invisible Flock (UK) and Digital Nativ (ID), collecting various elements (air, sound, biodata, etc) on Java and Flores). November 2017. p. 29
499:
As is the case with other regencies across
Indonesia, local events sometimes seize the headlines. For example, in December 2013 a row broke out when the Ngada Regency head (
1191:
Ngada
Regency is one of the poorest regions in Indonesia but its popularity is increasing among international tourists, which somewhat brings a boost to the local economy.
1092:- Mataloko and Todabelu. (e) the 2010 populations of the new Golewa Selatan and Golewa Barat Districts are included with the figure for Golewa District. (f) including the
2112:
213:
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The damaged houses were in the villages of Ulubelu, Ratogesa, Waeia, Malanuza, Dada Wea, Rada Bata, Were, Ekoroka, Todabelu, Radamasa and Mataloko villages.
144:
1211:, also known as Soa hot spring) is in Soa district, 22 km north-east of Bajawa. It is a bit hotter than the Malanage hot spring, and less isolated.
1825:
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in the area. If human fossils are indeed found, this may contribute to knowledge about migration into eastern Indonesia. Research at nearby
496:. With the separate of Nagekeo, the residual Ngada now only has two main ethnic groups, the Bajawa in the south and the Riung in the north.
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Between colonial legacies and grassroots movements: exploring cultural heritage practice in the Ngadha and Manggarai Region of Flores
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1082:(b) the 2010 population of the new Inerie District is included with the figures for Aimere and Jerebuu Districts. (c) including 9
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490:, having been formed in 1958. The regency was split into two on 2 January 2007, with the eastern part being formed into a new
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1481:"Geothermal structure and feature of sulfide minerals of the Mataloko geothermal field, Flores Island, Indonesia"
65:
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The Bajawa Depression is a zone of subsidence. For more details on it and on the geology of this area, see
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2007:
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Tentative List on October 19, 1995, in the Cultural category, but was pulled out from the list in 2015.
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The two most visited areas in the Ngada region are Bena and Wogo, both traditional villages with
507:). The incident attracted national attention leading to a formal investigation of Sae's actions.
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1086:- Bajawa, Faobata, Jawameze, Kisanata, Lebijaga, Ngedukelu, Susu, Tanalodu and Trikora.
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1515:"Contrasting Geothermal Fields Along the Magmatic Banda Arc, Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia"
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has also contributed to expanding knowledge about early human activity in the area.
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1098:(g) the Riung District includes 26 small offshore islands, of which the largest is
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1425:"Geothermal Direct Use Alternatives in Mataloko to Increase Public Acceptance"
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type. It results from shallower ground water being heated by gases containing
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2022:
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Qualitative Research in Tourism: Ontologies, Epistemologies and Methodologies
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Ngada traditional house and megalithic complex - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
1168:, flows back up toward the southeast and results in a geothermal reservoir.
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1972:
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1826:"Hobbits" may have arrived in Flores much Earlier Than Thought: Scientists'
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Two hot springs are relatively easily accessible: Malanage and Mangeruda.
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1758:"A Quick & Wet Guide to the 17 Islands Marine Park in Riung, Flores"
1628:(doctorate thesis in History, Art and Culture). University of Amsterdam.
1522:
Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, Antalya, Turkey, 24-29 April 2005
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The "Ngada traditional house and megalithic complex" was added to the
1160:) and the ground water recharged from the surrounding area. Recharged
1140:) type — except for that at Nage where the waters are acid sulphate –
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Inielika volcano, about 8 km north of Bajawa, is also called Inelika.
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Proceedings of the 7th Asian Geothermal Symposium, July 25-26, 2006
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27:"Ngada" redirects here. For the Rengma Naga harvest festival, see
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fossil and stone artefacts were found in the Soa Valley north of
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One of the ancient megalithic structures in the village of Bena.
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complaints about the strong sulphur smell from the power plant.
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1843:"Bakal Membuka Tabir Baru Migrasi Manusia Purba Lembah Soa"
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Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta and its Historic Landmarks
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in the northwest corner of the regency. (h) including 2
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Hominins on Flores, Indonesia, by one million years ago'
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1669:"Guide to Bajawa: A Magical Place in Flores, Indonesia"
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IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science
515:The Ngada Regency as at 2010 was divided into nine
1347:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024,
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482:The Ngada Regency is one of the older regencies (
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1783:"Ngada traditional house and megalithic complex"
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1386:Gov gives green light to question Ngada regent'
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1164:flows down underground, changes to geothermal
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1675:(updated in December 2023). 28 November 2023
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1479:Koseki, Takehiro; Nakashima, Kazuo (2006).
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2166:Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto
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1257:activity have been found in caves such as
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34:Regency in Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia
2143:Cultural Landscape of Bali Province: the
2082:List of regencies and cities of Indonesia
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338:625.84 sq mi (1,620.92 km)
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2181:Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra
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1866:Phillimore, J.; Goodson, Lisa (2004).
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527:in each district (totalling 135 rural
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1375:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
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1384:Yuliasri Perdani and Markus Makur, '
1363:Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
164:Ngada Regency (Lesser Sunda Islands)
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1114:The principal language in Ngada is
24:
474:is the capital of Ngada Regency.
25:
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2207:World Heritage Sites in Indonesia
2147:System as a Manifestation of the
2122:World Heritage Sites in Indonesia
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1207:Mangeruda hot spring (Indonesian
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1349:Kabupaten Ngada Dalam Angka 2024
1106:- Benteng Tengah and Nangamese.
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167:Show map of Lesser Sunda Islands
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2217:Regencies of East Nusa Tenggara
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1789:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre
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1694:"Malanage hot spring, map"
1513:Johnstone, Roy D. (2005).
1351:(Katalog-BPS 1102001.5309)
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2186:Ujung Kulon National Park
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1543:"Inielika (volcano), map"
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322: • Vice Regent
2176:Sangiran Early Man Site
1441:2022E&ES.1014a2010H
1076:Notes: (a) including 2
525:administrative villages
359:270/sq mi (110/km)
1651:Jakarta Post Weekender
1490:: 105-109 (see p. 105)
1265:cave to the west near
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461:to the east, with the
455:East Manggarai Regency
2161:Lorentz National Park
1787:worldheritagesite.org
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465:to the north and the
200:Show map of Indonesia
2156:Komodo National Park
1862:Accessed 2009-02-27.
1640:Beauty and the East'
1273:Notes and references
453:. It is bordered by
356: • Density
271:Lesser Sunda Islands
126:Lesser Sunda Islands
2028:South Central Timor
2008:North Central Timor
1392:, 27 December 2013.
314: • Regent
229:8.6667°S 121.0000°E
225: /
1917:East Nusa Tenggara
1764:. 14 December 2023
1762:museumofwander.com
1673:museumofwander.com
1653:, 30 November 2011
1645:2012-08-04 at the
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1122:Geology, geothermy
1080:- Aimere and Foa.
488:East Nusa Tenggara
447:East Nusa Tenggara
348: • Total
335: • Total
291:East Nusa Tenggara
134:Show map of Flores
87:East Nusa Tenggara
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1830:The Jakarta Globe
1580:Ahmad et al. 2022
1563:Ahmad et al. 2022
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1034:
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1026:
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1019:
1014:
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986:
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850:
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844:
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839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
817:(North Bajawa)
813:
809:
808:
805:
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799:
796:
793:
791:
788:
783:
779:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
761:
758:
757:(South Golewa)
753:
749:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
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724:
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437:is one of the
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325:Paulus Soliwoa
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29:Ngada festival
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2229:
2218:
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2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2187:
2184:
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2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
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2150:
2146:
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2134:
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2130:
2127:
2123:
2116:
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2097:
2096:
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2071:
2068:
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2065:
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2059:
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2044:
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2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1953:Central Sumba
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1922:
1918:
1910:
1905:
1903:
1898:
1896:
1891:
1890:
1887:
1879:
1877:0-415-28087-7
1873:
1870:. Routledge.
1869:
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1844:
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1215:
1212:
1210:
1209:Air Panas Soa
1200:
1197:
1192:
1185:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1147:
1143:
1135:
1130:
1129:volcanic cone
1119:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1100:Pulau Ontoloe
1095:
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1085:
1079:
1070:
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1063:
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1056:
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1046:
1041:
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1018:
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886:
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860:
845:
842:
841:
837:
831:
815:Bajawa Utara
814:
811:
810:
806:
800:
787:(West Golewa)
785:Golewa Barat
784:
781:
780:
776:
770:
754:
751:
750:
746:
740:
725:
722:
721:
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709:
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689:
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678:
664:
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660:
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631:
627:
621:
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603:
602:
596:
589:
584:
577:
570:
563:
556:
553:
545:
540:
539:
536:
534:
531:and 16 urban
530:
526:
522:
518:
508:
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494:
489:
485:
475:
473:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
435:Ngada Regency
427:
419:
415:
411:
406:
405:Protestantism
401:
396:
393:
389:
385:
383:
379:
375:
371:
368:
366:
362:
358:
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350:
346:
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328:
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320:
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312:
307:
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301:
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295:
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281:
279:
275:
272:
269:
267:
263:
260:
249:
247:
243:
238:
210:Coordinates:
208:
191:Ngada Regency
179:
158:Ngada Regency
146:
131:
127:
123:
114:Ngada Regency
102:
92:
88:
82:
77:
67:
59:
55:
50:
46:
41:Ngada Regency
38:
30:
19:
2148:
2144:
2002:
1867:
1837:
1829:
1824:. See also '
1821:
1817:
1809:
1802:
1791:. Retrieved
1786:
1777:
1766:. Retrieved
1761:
1752:
1743:
1734:
1723:. Retrieved
1718:
1697:
1688:
1677:. Retrieved
1672:
1650:
1634:
1621:
1614:
1602:
1582:, p. 5.
1565:, p. 6.
1546:
1537:
1526:. Retrieved
1521:
1492:. Retrieved
1487:
1454:. Retrieved
1432:
1428:
1406:
1397:
1389:
1380:
1348:
1318:
1308:
1299:
1286:
1244:
1221:
1213:
1208:
1201:
1193:
1190:
1173:
1125:
1113:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1066:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1028:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
944:(West Riung)
942:Riung Barat
901:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
551:
532:
528:
520:
514:
504:
500:
498:
491:
483:
481:
434:
433:
317:Marianus Sae
120:Location in
70:Coat of arms
44:
2018:Sabu Raijua
1958:East Flores
1715:"Nada Bumi"
1609:. Dead link
395:Catholicism
232: /
220:121°00′00″E
2201:Categories
2151:Philosophy
2080:See also:
2043:West Sumba
1968:East Sumba
1807:Adam Brumm
1793:2024-06-19
1768:2024-06-19
1725:2024-06-20
1679:2024-06-20
1528:2024-06-19
1494:2024-06-19
1456:2024-06-19
1330:References
1259:Mata Menge
1241:Soa Valley
1196:megalithic
1002:North half
959:Marunggela
875:South half
463:Flores Sea
449:Province,
343:Population
309:Government
2013:Rote Ndao
1993:Manggarai
1935:Regencies
1925:Capital:
1812:(2010). '
1719:issuu.com
1263:Liang Bua
1104:kelurahan
1094:kelurahan
1090:kelurahan
1084:kelurahan
1078:kelurahan
988:Wangawelu
552:kecamatan
548:District
533:kelurahan
521:kecamatan
517:districts
505:kecamatan
484:kabupaten
451:Indonesia
439:regencies
386:(+62) 384
382:Area code
365:Time zone
259:Indonesia
217:8°40′00″S
130:Indonesia
1643:Archived
1247:stegodon
1245:In 1968
1142:chloride
1110:Language
1045:1,620.92
973:Wolomeze
970:59.09.16
939:53.09.14
910:53.09.09
843:53.09.07
832:Watukapu
812:53.09.15
801:Rakalaba
782:53.09.19
771:Waturoka
752:53.09.18
741:Mataloko
723:53.09.02
718:- 86419
710:Surisina
690:53.09.06
662:53.09.20
633:53.09.12
604:53.09.01
594:villages
582:mid 2023
580:estimate
546:Name of
467:Sawu Sea
422:ngadakab
410:Hinduism
397:(90,75%)
391:Religion
278:Province
1998:Nagekeo
1983:Lembata
1437:Bibcode
1255:hominin
1218:Culture
1179:Tourism
1152:S) and
1134:sulfate
1060:171,736
1055:165,254
1050:142,254
895:137,714
890:132,832
885:115,421
861:Waepana
679:Waebela
651:Jerebuu
636:Jerebuu
543:Wilayah
478:History
417:Website
412:(0,15%)
407:(2,23%)
402:(6,87%)
351:171,736
298:Capital
246:Country
54:Regency
2070:Kupang
2062:Cities
1988:Malaka
1978:Kupang
1927:Kupang
1874:
1818:Nature
1267:Ruteng
1251:Bajawa
1224:UNESCO
1116:Ngadha
1040:Totals
1022:34,022
1017:32,422
1012:26,972
1007:743.62
994:86423
976:103.19
965:86421
947:312.49
934:86419
925:17,408
922:16,610
919:13,875
916:327.94
913:Riung
880:977.30
867:86422
858:14,743
855:14,327
852:12,745
838:86413
829:10,987
826:10,410
820:167.38
807:86460
798:11,849
795:11,260
777:86466
768:13,060
765:12,174
747:86461
738:19,290
735:18,914
732:36,011
726:Golewa
707:40,259
704:39,442
701:36,082
698:133.30
694:Bajawa
685:86450
665:Inerie
657:86451
628:86452
622:Aimere
619:11,010
616:10,518
613:14,842
607:Aimere
599:codes
587:centre
573:census
566:census
501:bupati
472:Bajawa
443:Flores
303:Bajawa
288:
266:Region
256:
122:Flores
2145:Subak
2023:Sikka
2003:Ngada
1810:et al
1626:(PDF)
1518:(PDF)
1484:(PDF)
1278:Notes
1166:brine
985:6,969
982:6,590
979:5,338
956:9,645
953:9,222
950:7,759
928:Riung
849:91.14
823:8,489
790:74.59
760:98.00
729:78.13
716:86411
676:8,699
673:8,281
668:77.36
648:7,817
645:7,506
642:7,252
639:64.90
610:92.50
585:Admin
578:Pop'n
571:Pop'n
564:Pop'n
557:Area
541:Kode
486:) in
400:Islam
370:UTC+8
18:Ngada
1973:Ende
1948:Belu
1943:Alor
1872:ISBN
1433:1014
597:Post
575:2020
568:2010
529:desa
374:ICST
330:Area
128:and
1822:464
1445:doi
1156:(CO
1136:(SO
1067:151
931:16
902:117
846:Soa
804:10
744:16
713:22
625:10
592:of
590:No.
426:.id
424:.go
2203::
1828:,
1820:,
1816:,
1785:.
1760:.
1742:.
1717:.
1706:^
1696:.
1671:.
1658:^
1649:,
1587:^
1570:^
1555:^
1545:.
1520:.
1503:^
1486:.
1465:^
1443:.
1431:.
1427:.
1415:^
1405:.
1388:,
1368:^
1356:^
1338:^
1148:(H
1029:34
962:10
864:14
835:11
774:12
682:10
654:12
561:km
559:in
445:,
124:,
2114:e
2107:t
2100:v
1908:e
1901:t
1894:v
1880:.
1796:.
1771:.
1746:.
1728:.
1700:.
1682:.
1549:.
1531:.
1497:.
1459:.
1447::
1439::
1409:.
1158:2
1150:2
1138:4
991:8
554:)
550:(
519:(
376:)
372:(
31:.
20:)
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