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When he took command in
September 1644, Grenville claimed that he had only 300 troops and although other reports put the figure somewhat higher, by October he still had only about 700 men. However, by the end of the year all reports agree that he had amassed some 5-6,000 men and probably 1,000
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and that they were paid regularly, each foot soldier receiving 3s 6d a week: these factors undoubtedly helped him minimise the desertion rate. The men were also subject to strict discipline, for instance
Grenville was determined that they should not commit
106:'s army as it moved east with the king's. But the main factor was probably because he was himself a Cornishman and he presented himself as a leader who was primarily concerned with the welfare of Cornwall and its inhabitants.
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horses. There were a number of reasons for
Grenville's success in recruiting: his military experience and organizational ability must have led many Cornishmen to hope that he would repeat the successes of his brother
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The New Tertia's first engagement was an attempt to take
Plymouth which started on 8 January 1645. It was not successful and after three days at least 70 Royalists were captured and several hundred had been killed.
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which would, if implemented, have created a semi-independent
Cornwall, but Grenville's ambition was considered to be too dangerous and on 19 January 1646 he was imprisoned for insubordination, firstly at
133:; the Devon militia who guarded the other side of the Tamar and helped blockade Plymouth; and the New Cornish Tertia which consisted of men he had recruited in the last three months of 1644.
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and
Grenville himself. All four leaders were experienced Cornish military men. John and Richard Arundell were sons of John Arundell (1576 – ?1656), Member of Parliament and governor of
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By
Christmas 1644, Grenville's troops had been divided into three main parts: the Cornish militia regiments who forced the Parliamentarians out of
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The
Arundell brothers' two regiments consisted entirely of Cornishmen, but Tremaine's contained many men from Devon, as probably did Grenville's.
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left
Cornwall taking the majority of his army with him including the Cornish regiments that had been raised in 1642. Concerned that Essex's
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were staunch
Royalist strongholds whilst South East England was held by Parliament, and the remainder of England was in dispute.
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157:; they had both been field officers in the King's Western Army since the start of the conflict. Lewis Tremaine had been the
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Grenville tried to use "Cornish particularist sentiment" to muster support for the Royalist cause and he put a plan to
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Stoyle, Mark (1996). "'Sir Richard Grenville's Creatures': The New Cornish Tertia, 1644-46".
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at Plymouth was a continued threat to the south west, it was decided that the town should be
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The Cromwellian Gazetteer: an illustrated guide to Britain in the Civil War and Commonwealth
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Once the men were in his army, Grenville ensured that they were provided with good quality
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The Tertia (another name for division) consisted of four regiments, under the command of
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the previous year. Grenville also profited from the Cornishmen who were deserting from
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in October 1644 and then spent the rest of the war guarding the western bank of the
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Maps of territory held by Royalists (red) and Parliamentarians (yellow), 1642—1645
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who had led the Cornish since the start of the Civil War until his death at the
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in August 1644 at which the Royalists forced the Parliamentary forces led by
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The Great Civil War: a military history of the first Civil War, 1642-1646
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118:. These factors had considerable similarity to those of Cromwell's
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Military units and formations of the English Civil War
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460:Military units and formations established in 1644
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398:Burne, Alfred H. & Young, Peter (1959)
440:Military units and formations in Cornwall
90:(1600–1658) was selected for this task.
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50:. As the maps aside show, Cornwall and
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244:"Biography of Sir Richard Grenville"
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409:; vol. i. London: Longmans, Green.
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44:Sir Richard Grenville, 1st Baronet
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402:. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode
224:Cornwall in the English Civil War
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34:regiments of infantry raised in
359:. University of Exeter: 26–44.
455:1644 establishments in England
407:History of the Great Civil War
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435:Military history of Cornwall
395:. University of Exeter Press
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122:on the Parliamentary side.
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161:of Bevil Grenville at the
416:. Gloucester: Alan Sutton
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405:Gardiner, S. R. (1886)
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242:Plant, David (2009).
64:Battle of Lostwithiel
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412:Gaunt, Peter (1987)
46:in 1644, during the
445:Cornish nationalism
430:History of Cornwall
149:who were brothers,
100:Battle of Lansdowne
196:St Michael's Mount
163:Battle of Stratton
28:New Cornish Tertia
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355:. Second Series.
338:, pp. 38–39.
326:, pp. 30–31.
88:Richard Grenville
68:the Earl of Essex
48:English Civil War
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70:to retreat to
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251:. Retrieved
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76:King Charles
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27:
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253:30 December
248:BCW Project
172:Engagements
131:River Tamar
424:Categories
230:References
194:, then at
192:Launceston
62:After the
58:Foundation
30:were four
375:1352-271X
165:in 1643.
84:blockaded
202:See also
80:garrison
72:Plymouth
36:Cornwall
32:Royalist
391:(2002)
345:Sources
127:Saltash
116:looting
111:billets
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181:Defeat
159:ensign
96:Bevil
52:Wales
40:Devon
371:ISSN
361:ISBN
255:2013
145:and
86:and
38:and
26:The
42:by
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