91:
280:
198:
40:
857:
298:. After some time in Susa he returned to Jerusalem, only to find that the people had fallen back into their evil ways. Non-Jews were permitted to conduct business inside Jerusalem on the Sabbath and to keep rooms in the Temple. Greatly angered, he purified the Temple and the priests and Levites and enforced the observance of the law of Moses.
217:'s arrival in Jerusalem in 468 BC. Artaxerxes sent him to Judah as governor of the province with a mission to rebuild, letters explaining his support for the venture, and provision for timber from the king's forest. Once there, Nehemiah defied the opposition of Judah's enemies on all sides—
794:
by Emil G. Hirsch, David Samuel
Margoliouth, Wilhelm Bacher & M. Seligsohn, in "The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day", Funk & Wagnalls, New York
314:
did. Here, Nehemiah's political role sets an example for the
Hasmonean dynasty and becomes a role model for pious, national leadership in general. The scene of reading and explaining the Torah in Neh 8 became the model of synagogue worship. See
173:
Most scholars believe
Nehemiah was a real historical figure and that the Nehemiah Memoir, a name given by scholars to certain portions of the book written in the first person, is historically reliable. Nehemiah is venerated as a saint in the
275:
He then took measures to repopulate the city and purify the Jewish community, enforcing the cancellation of debt, assisting Ezra in publicizing the law of Moses, and enforcing the divorce of Jewish men from their non-Jewish wives.
213:. Learning that the remnant of Jews in Judah were in distress and that the walls of Jerusalem were broken down, he asked the king for permission to return and rebuild the city, around 20 years after
366:, records that Nehemiah was blamed for seeming to boast (Neh. v. 19 & xiii. 31), and disparage his predecessors (Neh. v. 15). This tradition asserts that his book was appended to the
608:
For an author who disagrees with the scholarly majority position on the historicity of
Nehemiah and Ezra, but acknowledges the existence of that majority, see
310:
says
Nehemiah is the one who brought the holy fire for the altar back from the diaspora to Jerusalem and founded a library of the Holy Scriptures just as
946:
90:
269:
925:
1051:
370:, as a consequence, rather than being a separate book in its own right, as it is in the Christian Old Testament. Another Talmudic text, or
627:
525:
1011:
1031:
1046:
970:
663:
621:
593:
562:
519:
986:
1026:
486:
918:
272:
to trick him into entering the Temple is aimed at making him break Jewish law, rather than simply hide from assassins.
980:
316:
237:
at the North West corner, the Fish Gate in the West, the
Furnaces Tower at the Temple Mount's South West corner, the
959:
472:
1061:
1041:
1021:
480:
187:
81:
706:
583:"The Contribution of the Samaria Papyri from Wadi Daliyeh to the Study of Economics in the Persian Period," in
1066:
1006:
294:
After 12 years as governor, during which he ruled with justice and righteousness, he returned to the king in
875:
418:
1001:
44:
279:
20:
448:
307:
548:
Anne
Fitzpatrick (2009). Zuleika Rodgers; Margaret Daly-Denton; Anne Fitzpatrick Mckinley (eds.).
1056:
1036:
964:
933:
My
Shepherd, Though You Do Not Know Me: The Persian Royal Propaganda Model in the Nehemiah Memoir
395:
242:
183:
63:
423:
339:
206:
167:
919:
Eerdmans
Commentary on the Bible (ed. James D. G. Dunn, John William Rogerson, Eerdmans, 2003)
653:
611:
509:
866:
580:
549:
175:
67:
1016:
159:
901:
870:
8:
806:
807:"Lexikoneintrag zu »Neemias (1)«. Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon, Band 4. Augsburg ..."
775:
375:
74:
659:
617:
589:
558:
515:
476:
428:
831:
908:
Methods, Theories and
Imagination: Social Scientific Approaches in Biblical Studies
234:
155:
104:
981:"Jerusalem in the Persian (and Early Hellenistic) Period and the Wall of Nehemiah"
710:
391:
311:
137:
283:
678:
466:
163:
772:
Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman Period
640:
The essential historicity of the events described has rarely been questioned.
197:
995:
906:
Cataldo, Jeremiah. "Memory Trauma in Ezra-Nehemiah" in David Chalcraft, ed.,
861:
405:
233:—and rebuilt the walls within 52 days, from the Sheep Gate in the North, the
744:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976), 73; also F. Charles Fensham,
367:
257:
987:"Archaeology and the List of Returnees in the Books of Ezra and Nehemiah"
371:
230:
779:
362:
and indicating that he was born in Babylon. Another oral tradition, or
355:
335:
253:
218:
210:
507:
238:
703:
947:"Rebuilding identity: the Nehemiah-memoir and its earliest readers"
860: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
39:
363:
359:
351:
178:, where his feast day is July 13, the same as his contemporary,
579:
Jack Pastor (2010). Menahem Mor; Friedrick V. Reiterer (eds.).
327:
249:
151:
94:
Nehemiah rebuilding Jerusalem, illustration by Adolf Hult, 1919
926:"Ezra the scribe: the development of Ezra 7–10 and Nehemiah 8"
910:, Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2014, pp. 147–57.
408:– movable holiday on Sunday that falls between December 11–17.
158:, which describes his work in rebuilding Jerusalem during the
113:
248:
Appearing in the Queen's presence may indicate that he was a
226:
222:
658:. Westminster John Knox Press. 1 January 1988. p. 140.
508:
James D. G. Dunn; John William Rogerson (19 November 2003).
379:
331:
295:
214:
179:
128:
125:
116:
47:
770:
Bergren, Theodore A. "Nehemiah in 2 Maccabees 1:10-2:18".
330:
hymn in praise of the fathers mentions only Nehemiah (not
577:
For confirmation that most scholars share this view, see
546:
For confirmation that many scholars share this view, see
342:
and praises him for his building activities (Sir 49:15).
613:
Rethinking Biblical Scholarship: Changing Perspectives 4
554:
A Wandering Galilean: Essays in Honour of Seán Freyne
540:
110:
107:
268:(wine-cup-bearer). If so, the attempt by his enemy
122:
119:
241:in the South, the East Gate and the gate beneath
993:
609:
547:
942:(Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1987), 17
879:(New and revised ed.). T. Nelson and Sons.
501:
471:. Baker Book House; 7th edition, 1979. p.
16:Central figure of the biblical Book of Nehemiah
585:Samaritans: Past and Present: Current Studies
571:
288:Nehemiah Views the Ruins of Jerusalem's Walls
192:
894:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 87
578:
514:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 321.
928:(Walter de Gruyter, 2004). pp. 225–7
402:July 13 – commemoration (Catholic Church),
38:
892:History and Ideology in the Old Testament
602:
378:, which was said to have been written by
345:
464:
278:
196:
154:comforts") is the central figure of the
89:
1052:Christian saints from the Old Testament
949:(Walter de Gruyter, 2004). p. 340.
748:(Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1982), 140
702:in Barton, J. and Muddiman, J. (2001),
182:. He is also considered a saint in the
994:
865:
552:"What did Nehemiah do for Judaism," in
460:
458:
374:, records that Nehemiah completed the
358:, with the latter being considered an
774:, vol. 28, no. 3, 1997, pp. 249–270.
630:from the original on 15 February 2017
616:. Taylor & Francis. p. 108.
610:Philip R. Davies (3 September 2014).
890:Barr, James. "History of Israel" in
528:from the original on 14 October 2020
489:from the original on 1 December 2018
465:Gesenius, Friedrich Wilhelm (1846).
301:
55:Prophet and Leader of the Israelites
588:. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 52–.
455:
141:
13:
884:
186:, where he is commemorated on the
14:
1078:
953:
935:(Leuven: Peeters, 2016), 197–204.
832:"Святой Нееми́я, вождь иудейский"
322:
1012:Satraps of the Achaemenid Empire
855:
836:Православный Церковный календарь
804:
511:Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible
468:Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon
103:
824:
798:
785:
764:
761:, Oxford University Press, 2001
751:
734:
725:
716:
692:
256:, the Greek translation of the
971:"The Wall that Nehemiah Built"
746:The Books of Ezra and Nehemiah
742:The books of Ezra and Nehemiah
700:Introduction to the Pentateuch
683:
672:
645:
441:
209:(445 or 444 BC), Nehemiah was
188:Sunday of the Holy Forefathers
82:Sunday of the Holy Forefathers
1:
1032:Eastern Orthodox royal saints
434:
385:
1047:Prophets in the Hebrew Bible
7:
1027:Roman Catholic royal saints
975:Biblical Archaeology Review
759:The Oxford Bible commentary
704:The Oxford Bible Commentary
655:Ezra-Nehemiah: A Commentary
419:Governors of Yehud Medinata
412:
260:, he is described as such:
201:The Rebuilding of Jerusalem
10:
1083:
193:Book of Nehemiah narrative
18:
876:Easton's Bible Dictionary
406:Sunday of the Forefathers
390:Nehemias is venerated in
354:, identifies Nehemiah as
142:
73:
59:
54:
37:
30:
21:Nehemiah (disambiguation)
709:22 November 2017 at the
308:Second Book of Maccabees
965:The Jewish Encyclopedia
898:Holman Bible Dictionary
782:. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
557:. BRILL. pp. 93–.
184:Eastern Orthodox Church
64:Eastern Orthodox Church
1062:Christian royal saints
1042:Israeli urban planners
1022:Book of Numbers people
867:Easton, Matthew George
424:Sanballat the Horonite
350:One rabbinic text, or
346:In rabbinic literature
291:
264:(eunuch), rather than
211:cup-bearer to the king
202:
168:Artaxerxes I of Persia
95:
938:Williamson, H. G. M.
282:
200:
176:Roman Catholic Church
162:. He was governor of
93:
68:Roman Catholic Church
1067:Mesopotamian Hebrews
1007:5th-century BCE Jews
985:Israel Finkelstein.
979:Israel Finkelstein.
205:In the 20th year of
160:Second Temple period
19:For other uses, see
931:Schulte, Lucas L.
449:"Prophet Nehemiah"
376:Book of Chronicles
292:
203:
96:
79:13 July (Catholic)
940:Ezra and Nehemiah
665:978-0-664-22186-7
651:On the date, see
623:978-1-317-54443-2
595:978-3-11-019497-5
564:978-90-04-17355-2
521:978-0-8028-3711-0
429:Tobiah (Ammonite)
302:Book of Maccabees
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45:American Orthodox
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689:Nehemiah 1:1-2:5
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945:Wright, Jacob.
924:Pakkala, Juha.
913:Lester Grabbe.
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885:Further reading
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60:Honored in
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838:(in Russian)
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810:www.zeno.org
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368:Book of Ezra
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284:Gustave Doré
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258:Hebrew Bible
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207:Artaxerxes I
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97:
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1017:Cup-bearers
812:(in German)
634:8 September
372:Baba Bathra
231:Philistines
996:Categories
960:"Nehemiah"
871:"Nehemiah"
842:3 February
816:3 February
482:0801037360
435:References
386:Veneration
356:Zerubbabel
336:Zerubbabel
328:Ben Sira's
254:Septuagint
219:Samaritans
84:(Orthodox)
532:10 August
266:oinochoos
239:Dung Gate
223:Ammonites
143:נְחֶמְיָה
902:"Persia"
869:(1897).
792:Nehemiah
780:24668403
707:Archived
628:Archived
526:Archived
493:16 April
487:Archived
413:See also
334:) after
270:Shemaiah
262:eunochos
99:Nehemiah
32:Nehemiah
864::
795:1901-6.
713:, p. 19
364:mishnah
360:epithet
352:aggadah
148:Nəḥemyā
145:
805:Zeno.
778:
662:
620:
592:
561:
518:
479:
340:Joshua
290:, 1866
250:eunuch
166:under
138:Hebrew
917:, in
776:JSTOR
227:Arabs
75:Feast
915:Ezra
844:2023
818:2023
660:ISBN
636:2017
618:ISBN
590:ISBN
559:ISBN
534:2019
516:ISBN
495:2015
477:ISBN
394:and
380:Ezra
338:and
332:Ezra
306:The
296:Susa
229:and
215:Ezra
180:Ezra
48:icon
962:in
473:544
152:Yah
150:, "
998::
973:,
900:,
873:.
834:.
638:.
626:.
524:.
485:.
475:.
457:^
398::
382:.
319:.
286:,
225:,
221:,
140::
136:;
126:aɪ
114:iː
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820:.
668:.
598:.
567:.
536:.
497:.
451:.
132:/
129:ə
123:m
120:ˈ
117:ə
111:n
108:ˌ
105:/
101:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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