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1082:, day 15 of the reign of Akhenaten was announced. It was discovered within Quarry 320 in the largest wadi of the limestone quarry at Dayr Abū Ḥinnis. The five-line inscription, written in red ochre, mentions the presence of the "Great Royal Wife, His Beloved, Mistress of the Two Lands, Neferneferuaten Nefertiti". The final line of the inscription refers to ongoing building work being carried out under the authority of the king's scribe
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710:, partially based on Nefertiti's name ("The Beautiful Woman has Come") which has been interpreted by some scholars as signifying a foreign origin. However, Tadukhipa was already married to Akhenaten's father and there is no evidence for any reason why this woman would need to alter her name in a proposed marriage to Akhenaten, nor any hard evidence of a foreign non-Egyptian background for Nefertiti.
1254:. CT-scanning revealed she was about 45 at the time of her death; her left arm had been bent over her chest in the 'queenly' pose. The possible identification is based on her association with the mummy tentatively identified as Ankhesenamun. It is suggested that just as a mother and daughter (Tiye and the Younger Lady) were found lying together in KV35, the same was true of these mummies.
1369:
843:, Nefertiti appears almost twice as often as her husband. She is shown appearing behind her husband the pharaoh in offering scenes in the role of the queen supporting her husband, but she is also depicted in scenes that would have normally been the prerogative of the king. She is shown smiting the enemy, and captive enemies decorate her throne.
698:
and after her death. According to another theory, Nefertiti was the daughter of Ay and a woman besides Tey, but Ay's first wife died before
Nefertiti's rise to the position of queen, whereupon Ay married Tey, making her Nefertiti's stepmother. Nevertheless, this entire proposal is based on speculation and conjecture.
1326:, who is now accepted to have had a shorter reign of only 14 years. This makes the deceased Egyptian king appear to be Akhenaten instead, rather than Tutankhamun. Furthermore, the phrase regarding marriage to 'one of my subjects' (translated by some as 'servants') is possibly either a reference to the Grand Vizier
1589:
916:
appear to show
Nefertiti in the middle to later part of Akhenaten's reign 'after the exaggerated style of the early years had relaxed somewhat'. One is a small piece on limestone and is a preliminary sketch of Nefertiti wearing her distinctive tall crown with carving began around the mouth, chin, ear
1042:
Pre-2012 Egyptological theories thought that
Nefertiti vanished from the historical record around Year 12 of Akhenaten's reign, with no word of her thereafter. Conjectured causes included injury, a plague that was sweeping through the city, and a natural cause. This theory was based on the discovery
1094:
This inscription offers incontrovertible evidence that both
Akhenaten and Nefertiti were still alive in the 16th year of his reign and, more importantly, that they were still holding the same positions as at the start of their reign. This makes it necessary to rethink the final years of the Amarna
920:
Meketaten may have died in year 13 or 14. Nefertiti, Akhenaten, and three princesses are shown mourning her. The last dated inscription naming her and
Akhenaten comes from a building inscription in the limestone quarry at Dayr Abū Ḥinnis. It dates to year 16 of the king's reign and is also the last
697:
was in fact
Nefertiti's father. However, neither Ay nor Tey are explicitly referred to as Nefertiti's parents in the existing sources. At the same time, no sources exist that directly contradict Ay's fatherhood which is considered likely due to the great influence he wielded during Nefertiti's life
1145:
is known to have been made for her. The unfinished Tomb 29, which would have been of very similar dimensions to the Royal Tomb had it been finished, is the most likely candidate for a tomb begun for
Nefertiti's exclusive use. Given that it lacks a burial chamber, she was not interred there either.
1065:
It is possible that
Nefertiti is the ruler named Neferneferuaten. Some theorists believe that Nefertiti was still alive and held influence on the younger royals. If this is the case, that influence and presumably Nefertiti's own life would have ended by year 3 of Tutankhaten's reign (1331 BC). In
904:
dated to Year 12, 2nd month of Peret, Day 8 show a large foreign tribute. The people of Kharu (the north) and Kush (the south) are shown bringing gifts of gold and precious items to
Akhenaten and Nefertiti. In the tomb of Meryre II, Nefertiti's steward, the royal couple is shown seated in a kiosk
701:
It has also been proposed that
Nefertiti was Akhenaten's full sister, though this is contradicted by her titles which do not include the title of "King's Daughter" or "King's Sister," usually used to indicate a relative of a pharaoh. Another theory about her parentage that gained some support
1104:
must be placed between the death of Akhenaten and the accession of Tutankhamun. Neferneferuaten, this female pharaoh, specifically used the epithet 'Effective for her husband' in one of her cartouches, which means she was either Nefertiti or her daughter Meritaten (who was married to king
1322:. Ankhesenamun once seemed the likeliest, since there were no candidates for the throne on the death of her husband, Tutankhamun, whereas Akhenaten had at least two legitimate successors. But this was based on the assumption of a 27-year reign for the last 18th Dynasty pharaoh,
1033:
2783:
Harris, James E.; Wente, Edward F.; Cox, Charles F.; El Nawaway, Ibrahim; Kowalski, Charles J.; Storey, Arthur T.; Russell, William R.; Ponitz, Paul V.; Walker, Geoffrey F. (1978). "Mummy of the "Elder Lady" in the Tomb of Amenhotep II: Egyptian Museum Catalog Number 61070".
2910:; Gad, Yehia Z.; Somaia, Ismail; Khairat, Rabab; Fathalla, Dina; Hasan, Naglaa; Ahmed, Amal; Elleithy, Hisham; Ball, Markus; Gaballah, Fawzi; Wasef, Sally; Fateen, Mohamed; Amer, Hany; Gostner, Paul; Selim, Ashraf; Zink, Albert; Pusch, Carsten M. (17 February 2010).
2835:
Hawass, Z.; Gad, Y. Z.; Ismail, S.; Khairat, R.; Fathalla, D.; Hasan, N.; Ahmed, A.; Elleithy, H.; Ball, M.; Gaballah, F.; Wasef, S.; Fateen, M.; Amer, H.; Gostner, P.; Selim, A.; Zink, A.; Pusch, C. M. (2010). "Ancestry and pathology in King Tutankhamun's family".
750:
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During Akhenaten's reign (and perhaps after), Nefertiti enjoyed unprecedented power. By the twelfth year of his reign, there is evidence she may have been elevated to the status of co-regent: equal in status to the pharaoh, as may be depicted on the
850:(modern Amarna). In his fifth year, Amenhotep IV officially changed his name to Akhenaten, and Nefertiti was henceforth known as Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti. The name change was a sign of the ever-increasing importance of the cult of the
1197:, mother of Akhenaten. A lock of hair found in a coffinette bearing an inscription naming Queen Tiye proved a near perfect match to the hair of the 'Elder Lady'. DNA analysis confirmed that she was the daughter of Tiye's parents
2732:
Sambuelli, Luigi; Comina, Cesare; Catanzariti, Gianluca; Barsuglia, Filippo; Morelli, Gianfranco; Porcelli, Francesco (May 2019). "The third KV62 radar scan: Searching for hidden chambers adjacent to Tutankhamun's tomb".
2696:
Sambuelli, Luigi; Comina, Cesare; Catanzariti, Gianluca; Barsuglia, Filippo; Morelli, Gianfranco; Porcelli, Francesco (May 2019). "The third KV62 radar scan: Searching for hidden chambers adjacent to Tutankhamun's tomb".
1099:
This means that Nefertiti was alive in the second to last year of Akhenaten's reign, and demonstrates that Akhenaten still ruled alone, with his wife by his side. Therefore, the rule of the female Amarna pharaoh known as
1405:
1037:
Fragment with cartouche of Akhenaten, which is followed by epithet Great in his Lifespan and the title of Nefertiti Great King's Wife. Reign of Akhenaten. From Amarna, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology,
756:
Alabaster sunken relief depicting Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and their daughter Meritaten. Early Aten cartouches on king's arm and chest. From Amarna, Egypt. 18th Dynasty. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology,
1282:
My husband has died and I have no son. They say about you that you have many sons. You might give me one of your sons to become my husband. I would not wish to take one of my subjects as a husband... I am
1613:
1141:. It is possible that the unfinished annex of the Royal Tomb was intended for her use. However, given that Akhenaten appears to have predeceased her it is highly unlikely she was ever buried there. One
1437:
1566:
1542:
1399:
Siliceous limestone fragment relief of Nefertiti. Extreme style of portrait. Reign of Akhenaten, probably early Amarna Period. From Amarna, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London
5413:
1997:
Norman De Garis Davies, The rock tombs of el-Amarna, Parts V and VI: Part 5 Smaller tombs and boundary stelae & Part 6 Tombs of Parennefer, Tutu and Ay, Egypt Exploration Society (2004)
5418:
1330:
or a secondary member of the Egyptian royal family line. Since Nefertiti was depicted as being as powerful as her husband in official monuments smiting Egypt's enemies, she might be the
1387:
Limestone relief fragment. A princess holding sistrum behind Nefertiti, who is partially seen. Reign of Akhenaten. From Amarna, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London
1299:
Understandably, he was wary, and had an envoy investigate the situation, but by so doing, he missed his chance to bring Egypt into his empire. He eventually did send one of his sons,
1375:
Limestone statuette of Akhenaten and Nefertiti, or Amenhotep III and Tiye, and a princess. Reign of Akhenaten. From Amarna, Egypt. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London
917:
and tab of the crown. Another is a small inlay head (Petrie Museum Number UC103) modeled from reddish-brown quartzite that was clearly intended to fit into a larger composition.
713:
The exact dates when Nefertiti married Akhenaten and became the king's great royal wife are uncertain. They are known to have had at least six daughters together, including
5917:
1355:
Headless bust of Akhenaten or Nefertiti. Part of a composite red quartzite statue. Intentional damage. Four pairs of early Aten cartouches. Reign of Akhenaten. From
1484:
1749:
1629:
2666:
1250:
has been suggested as the body of Nefertiti. DNA analysis did not yield enough data to make a definitive identification but confirmed she was a member of the
1464:
1050:
A previous theory that she fell into disgrace was discredited when deliberate erasures of monuments belonging to a queen of Akhenaten were shown to refer to
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3386:
2648:
2372:
737:. She was once considered as a candidate for the mother of Tutankhamun, however a genetic study conducted on discovered mummies suggests that she was not.
1988:, The rock tombs of el-Amarna, Parts I and II: Part 1 The tomb of Meryra & Part 2 The tombs of Panehesy and Meyra II, Egypt Exploration Society (2004)
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443:. Nefertiti and her husband were known for their radical overhaul of state religious policy, in which they promoted the earliest known form of
2387:
2312:
796:
is accompanied by a royal woman, and this lady is thought to be an early depiction of Nefertiti. The king and queen are shown worshiping the
2622:
967:
If Nefertiti did rule Egypt as a Pharaoh, it has been theorized that she would have attempted damage control and may have re-instated the
964:. According to Van Der Perre, Smenkhkare is thought to be a co-regent of Akhenaten who died before Neferneferuaten assumed the kingship.
1193:
magazine in 2001 suggested that the Elder Lady might be Nefertiti. However, it was subsequently shown that the 'Elder Lady' is in fact
3400:
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in the manner of a pharaoh. When Nefertiti's name disappears from historical records, it is replaced by that of a co-regent named
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5443:
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953:, assumed the kingship under the name Pharaoh Neferneferuaten after her husband's death. She was then succeeded by Tutankhamun.
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which he proposed to be the burial chamber of Nefertiti, but subsequent radar scans showed that there are no hidden chambers.
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and its direct connection to the royal household. With her husband, she reigned at what was arguably the wealthiest period of
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carried the title "God's Father." Some Egyptologists believe that this title was used for a man whose daughter married the
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4170:
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881:. Nefertiti and her family would have resided in the Great Royal Palace in the centre of the city and possibly at the
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1411:
Granite head statue of Nefertiti. The securing post at head apex allows for different hairstyles to adorn the head.
5478:
4546:
3418:
3354:"The Year 16 graffito of Akhenaten in Dayr Abū Ḥinnis. A Contribution to the Study of the Later Years of Nefertiti"
1825:"The Year 16 graffito of Akhenaten in Dayr Abū Ḥinnis: A contribution to the study of the later years of Nefertiti"
949:, who became a female Pharaoh. It seems likely that Nefertiti, in a similar fashion to the previous female Pharaoh
27:
1066:
that year, Tutankhaten changed his name to Tutankhamun. This is evidence of his return to the official worship of
5104:
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as well. Nefertiti and the rest of the royal family feature prominently in the scenes at the palaces and in the
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Close-up of a limestone relief depicting Nefertiti smiting a female captive on a royal barge. On display at the
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3513:
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Güterbock, Hans Gustav (June 1956). "The Deeds of Suppiluliuma as Told by His Son, Mursili II (Continued)".
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and several other Egyptologists. In a subsequent research project led by Hawass, the mummy was put through
1216:
in England, announced that Nefertiti's mummy may have been the Younger Lady. This theory was criticised by
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During the early years in Thebes, Akhenaten (still known as Amenhotep IV) had several temples erected at
770:
432:
226:
4709:
4271:
929:
Many scholars believe Nefertiti had a role elevated from that of great royal wife, and was promoted to
20:
5759:
5310:
4806:
4014:
3082:
Güterbock, Hans Gustav (September 1956). "The Deeds of Suppiluliuma as Told by His Son, Mursili II".
2649:"Archaeologist believes hidden passageway in tomb of Tutankhamun leads to resting place of Nefertiti"
968:
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history. After her husband's death, some scholars believe that Nefertiti ruled briefly as the female
54:
1664:
1287:
This proposal is considered extraordinary as New Kingdom royal women never married foreign royalty.
1228:
analysis. Researchers concluded that she is Tutankhamun's biological mother, an unnamed daughter of
5912:
5650:
4516:
4077:
2351:
Causing His Name to Live: Studies in Egyptian Epigraphy and History in Memory of William J. Murnane
1680:
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201:
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occurred around that time. The new city contained several large open-air temples dedicated to the
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of years 4 and 5 mark the boundaries of the new city and suggest that the move to the new city of
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Amarna sunset : Nefertiti, Tutankhamun, Ay, Horemheb, and the Egyptian counter-reformation
998:, as well as evidence of Nefertiti smiting Egypt's enemies which was a duty reserved to kings.
828:
815:
A standing/striding figure of Nefertiti made of limestone. Originally from Amarna, part of the
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8:
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1796:
Amarna Sunset: Nefertiti, Tutankhamun, Ay, Horemheb, and the Egyptian Counter-Reformation
1173:
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499:
3184:
Tutankhamun's Armies: Battle and Conquest During Ancient Egypt's Late Eighteenth Dynasty
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2750:
2714:
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2201:
1985:
1213:
1047:
fragments inscribed for Nefertiti (now located in the Louvre and the Brooklyn Museum).
956:
It seems less possible that Nefertiti disguised herself as a male and assumed the male
3401:
Habicht M. et al: Who else might be in Pharaoh Tutankhamun's tomb (KV 62, c. 1325 BC)?
5846:
5225:
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66:
2221:
Excavating Egypt. Great Discoveries from the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology
5558:
4647:
4571:
3901:
3856:
3720:
3390:
3328:
3277:
Johnson, W. Raymond (1996). "Amenhotep III and Amarna: Some New Considerations".
3178:
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2710:
2175:
1960:
1639:
1620:
1557:
1514:
1475:
1455:
1335:
1278:, the Hittite ruler receives a letter from the Egyptian queen. The letter reads:
1150:
1101:
1059:
946:
913:
685:
carried the title of "Nurse of the Great Royal Wife." In addition, Tey's husband
556:
542:
531:
464:
92:
3939:
639:), meaning "the beautiful one has come", and probably contemporarily pronounced
5841:
5704:
5184:
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5069:
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4086:
3851:
3290:
2566:(Revised ed.). Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press. p. 18.
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with their six daughters in attendance. This is one of the last times princess
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In the 20th century, Nefertiti was made famous by the discovery and display of
50:
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2416:
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1840:
502:, and was excavated from his buried studio complex in the early 20th century.
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4062:
4057:
3813:
3783:
3715:
3710:
3656:
3650:
3607:
3039:
Schulman, Alan R. (1979). "Diplomatic Marriage in the Egyptian New Kingdom".
2937:
1229:
987:
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In the fourth year of his reign, Amenhotep IV decided to move the capital to
831:(hwt-ben-ben), was dedicated to Nefertiti. She is depicted with her daughter
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3866:
3823:
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3705:
3685:
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1962:
Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs
1670:
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1428:
1412:
1327:
1319:
1306:
The identity of the queen who wrote the letter is uncertain. She is called
1165:
1161:
933:
by her husband Pharaoh Akhenaten before his death. She is depicted in many
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236:
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58:
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which dates to the Amarna period. The document is part of the so-called
1153:
announced that high resolution scans revealed voids behind the walls of
665:
Almost nothing is known about Nefertiti's life prior to her marriage to
475:. If Nefertiti did rule as pharaoh, her reign was marked by the fall of
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2468:. Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin.
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sites as equal in stature to a King, smiting Egypt's enemies, riding a
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in the Window of Appearance during the reward ceremony for the vizier.
789:
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117:
3060:
2389:'Queen Nefertiti' The Most Beautiful Face of Egypt (Discovery Channel)
1078:
In 2012, the discovery of an inscription dated to Year 16, month 3 of
19:
This article is about the Ancient Egyptian queen. For other uses, see
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2874:. 27 September 2007. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007
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Staatliche Museen zu Berlin: Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection
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2970:. New York: American University in Cairo Press. pp. 132–142.
2968:
Scanning the Pharaohs: CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies
2151:
Scanning the Pharaohs: CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies
5856:
5079:
4935:
4682:
4667:
4541:
4506:
4119:
4098:
4047:
3886:
3793:
3745:
3588:
3563:
3541:
2153:. New York: The American University in Cairo Press. p. 123.
1635:
1572:
1490:
1263:
1241:
1221:
1142:
1044:
991:
938:
858:
religion to a religion which may have been better described as a
840:
703:
690:
521:
460:
448:
364:
260:
221:
87:
5503:
2589:
The city of Akhenaten and Nefertiti : Amarna and its people
5805:
5779:
5739:
5699:
5371:
5361:
5351:
5341:
5329:
5319:
5304:
5294:
5284:
5274:
5264:
5254:
5244:
5192:
5122:
5112:
4920:
4910:
4686:
4677:
4576:
4486:
4475:
4238:
4155:
4067:
3912:
3818:
2924:(7). Chicago, Illinois: American Medical Association: 638–647.
2353:. pp. 17–21. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013
1596:
1533:
1356:
1164:
found two female mummies among those cached inside the tomb of
1083:
824:
674:
476:
479:
and relocation of the capital back to the traditional city of
406:
397:
348:
Beautiful are the Beauties of Aten, the Beautiful one has come
4859:
4617:
4521:
4496:
3846:
3578:
3215:
Matthews, Roger; Roemer, Cornelia, eds. (16 September 2016).
1885:
Nefertiti, Queen and Pharaoh of Egypt: Her Life and Afterlife
1291:
was understandably surprised and exclaimed to his courtiers:
1202:
1070:, and abandonment of Amarna to return the capital to Thebes.
889:. Nefertiti's steward during this time was an official named
785:
2466:
In the Light of Amarna: 100 Years of the Nefertiti discovery
2269:
2267:
2265:
1946:
Zur Rekonstruktion deverbalen Nominalbildung des Ägyptischen
1619:
Limestone relief of Nefertiti kissing one of her daughters,
862:(the depiction of a single god as an object for worship) or
5851:
5820:
5815:
5607:
5597:
4727:
4555:
4531:
4511:
4208:
3841:
2768:
James, Susan E. (Summer 2001). "Who is Mummy Elder Lady?".
2518:
2506:
2494:
2482:
1576:
1553:
1549:
1494:
1471:
1447:
1310:
in the Hittite annals, a translation of the Egyptian title
1247:
1198:
1194:
1169:
1154:
1067:
1051:
995:
972:
942:
878:
851:
797:
583:
Great King's Wife, his beloved (hemet-nesut-weret meretef,
452:
412:
391:
2464:
Van der Perre, Athena (2012). Seyfried, Friederike (ed.).
1802:. The American University in Cairo Press. pp. 36–38.
1314:(The King's Wife). The possible candidates are Nefertiti,
1016:
Nefertiti worshipping the Aten. She is given the title of
725:(later called Ankhesenamun when she married Tutankhamun),
5619:
4587:
2262:
2072:"Horemheb and the Struggle for the Throne of Tutankhamun"
2039:"Horemheb and the Struggle for the Throne of Tutankhamun"
1770:
1225:
994:
and other feminine evidence of a female pharaoh found in
893:. He would have been in charge of running her household.
682:
2782:
2776:
2725:
2689:
2667:"Radar Scans in King Tut's Tomb Suggest Hidden Chambers"
2541:. United States of America: Scholars Press. p. 78.
1184:', were identified as likely candidates of her remains.
912:
Two representations of Nefertiti that were excavated by
607:
Mistress of Upper & Lower Egypt (henut-shemau-mehu,
566:
Main King's Wife, his beloved (hemet-nesut-aat meretef,
3032:
2093:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1295:
Nothing like this has happened to me in my entire life!
1262:
A document was found in the ancient Hittite capital of
3330:
Amarna Sunrise: Egypt from Golden Age to Age of Heresy
2906:
2834:
1773:
Pharaohs of the Sun: Akhenaten, Nefertiti, Tutankhamen
1133:
Nefertiti's burial was intended to be made within the
2913:"Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family"
2459:
2457:
2314:
Nefertiti's Odyssey - National Geographic Documentary
1887:. The American University in Cairo Press. p. 26.
1575:
representing Nefertiti and Akhenaten worshipping the
394:
388:
385:
1916:
1771:
Freed, R. E.; D'Auria, S.; Markowitz, Y. J. (1999).
409:
403:
2218:
1303:, but the prince died, perhaps murdered, en route.
1129:
Heads of Akhenaten and Nefertiti 18th Dynasty Egypt
693:. Based on these titles, it has been proposed that
400:
3251:Ancient Egyptian Queens; a hieroglyphic dictionary
3075:
2454:
1900:Ancient Egyptian Queens: A Hieroglyphic Dictionary
514:Neferneferuaten (Beautiful is the beauty of Aten)
494:. The bust is one of the most copied works of the
5918:Queens consort of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt
2991:
2989:
2987:
2530:
1948:. Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz. pp. 212, 214, 247.
26:For other individuals named Neferneferuaten, see
5879:
2555:
2371:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2079:Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology
2046:Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology
1121:Limestone trial piece showing head of Nefertiti.
2580:
2063:
3214:
3173:
3129:. Vol. 1. London: Routledge. p. 254.
3127:The Ancient Middle East c. 3000 – 330 BC
2984:
2591:. New York: Thames & Hudson. p. 255.
2385:
2310:
2223:. Michael C. Carlos Museum, Emory University.
1991:
1979:
924:
5519:
3426:
3351:
2524:
2512:
2500:
2488:
2463:
2414:
2273:
2206:Akhenaten: History, Fantasy and Ancient Egypt
1853:
1722:
1548:Nefertiti presenting an image of the goddess
839:participates as well. In scenes found on the
3396:C. Nicholas Reeves: The Burial of Nefertiti?
3124:
2965:
2900:
2337:
2335:
2219:Trope, B.; Quirke, S.; Lacovara, P. (2005).
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2030:
2014:The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt
2011:
1822:
498:. It is attributed to the Egyptian sculptor
3440:
3242:
2918:Journal of the American Medical Association
2287:"Nefertiti - Ancient History - HISTORY.com"
2148:
1716:
1446:, Nefertiti and their daughters before the
990:from Amarna to rule as a Pharaoh, based on
677:mention that Nefertiti had a sister, named
5526:
5512:
3433:
3419:
2200:
1599:with Nefertiti and her daughter, princess
43:
3248:
3081:
2995:
2332:
2120:
2105:
1897:
1730:. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern. p. 190.
5398:
3118:
3038:
2069:
2036:
1943:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1212:, a specialist in ancient hair from the
1124:
1116:
1090:in Amarna. Van der Perre stresses that:
1032:
1011:
979:in the worship of the traditional gods.
810:
654:
3276:
3167:
2966:Hawass, Zahi; Saleem, Sahar N. (2016).
2828:
2536:
2243:
2173:
1246:One of the two female mummies found in
661:Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree
510:Nefertiti had many titles, including:
5880:
5016:
4388:
3969:
3483:
3323:
3187:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 186.
2646:
2561:
2149:Hawas, Zahi; Saleem, Sahar N. (2016).
2099:
1931:
1882:
1792:
1752:from the original on 23 September 2015
1734:
1647:
596:Lady of All Women (henut-hemut-nebut,
16:Wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten
5507:
5397:
4985:
4357:
3938:
3474:
3452:
3414:
3146:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 14.
3139:
3133:
2767:
2539:Texts from the Amarna period in Egypt
2246:Texts from the Amarna Period in Egypt
2144:
2142:
2007:
2005:
2003:
1958:
1902:. London: Golden House Publications.
1779:
1728:Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten
1361:Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology
986:theorized that Nefertiti returned to
854:. It changed Egypt's religion from a
804:, Nefertiti is shown standing behind
780:Nefertiti first appears in scenes in
2586:
2012:Dodson, Aidan; Hilton, Dyan (2004).
866:(one god, who is not the only god).
3279:The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology
3253:. London: Golden House. p. 64.
3208:
2628:from the original on 9 October 2022
2444:. p.172 Thames & Hudson. 2005.
2386:AncientHistory (16 December 2014).
982:Archaeologist and Egyptologist Dr.
921:dated inscription naming the king.
555:Lady of The Two Lands (nebet-tawi,
505:
13:
3335:American University in Cairo Press
2673:. 28 November 2015. Archived from
2418:Nefertiti - Mummy Queen of Mystery
2248:. Society of Biblical Literature.
2139:
2000:
1857:Nefertiti - Mummy Queen of Mystery
1493:showing Nefertiti worshipping the
1257:
623:pronunciation renders her name as
471:, although this identification is
14:
5929:
5533:
3406:A 3D model of a bust of Nefertiti
3377:
2872:"Weekly Column - Dr. Zahi Hawass"
2341:
1712:from the original on 26 May 2007.
1669:Nefertiti was portrayed again by
1452:Stela of Akhenaten and his family
1334:in the Amarna correspondence, as
5577:
5370:
5360:
5350:
5340:
5328:
5318:
5303:
5293:
5283:
5273:
5263:
5253:
5243:
4685:
4575:
4474:
4154:
3911:
2615:The Amarna Royal Tombs at Amarna
2611:
2441:Akhenaten: Egypt's False Prophet
2415:Badger Utopia (11 August 2017).
2311:AncientHistory (28 April 2017),
1959:Allen, James P. (24 July 2014).
1854:Badger Utopia (11 August 2017).
1628:
1612:
1588:
1565:
1541:
1522:
1513:Relief fragment with Nefertiti,
1506:
1483:
1463:
1436:
1420:
1404:
1392:
1380:
1368:
1348:
835:and in some scenes the princess
762:
749:
381:
28:Neferneferuaten (disambiguation)
3270:
3265:Tutankhamun's Mask Reconsidered
3257:
3041:Journal of Near Eastern Studies
2959:
2864:
2761:
2659:
2647:Martin, Sean (11 August 2015).
2640:
2605:
2432:
2408:
2379:
2304:
2279:
2237:
2212:
2194:
2167:
1952:
1937:
1176:. These two mummies, known as '
1149:In 2015, English archaeologist
1073:
1028:
975:priests. She would have raised
5893:14th-century BC Egyptian women
3352:van der Perre, Athena (2014).
3317:
2344:"Under a Deep Blue Starry Sky"
2180:. Princeton University Press.
1965:. Cambridge University Press.
1891:
1876:
1847:
1816:
1775:. Leiden: Museum of Fine Arts.
1764:
1694:
1663:(1973), Mexican short film by
1470:Nefertiti offering oil to the
1235:
702:identified Nefertiti with the
541:Sweet of Love (beneret-merut,
1:
3218:Ancient Perspectives on Egypt
3140:Lloyd, Alan B. (6 May 2010).
1823:Van de Perre, Athena (2014).
1687:
1252:Eighteenth Dynasty royal line
1208:On 9 June 2003 archaeologist
1160:In 1898, French archeologist
896:Inscriptions in the tombs of
827:. One of the structures, the
433:18th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt
421:
271:Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti in
158:
141:
104:
57:collection, presently in the
3143:A Companion to Ancient Egypt
3084:Journal of Cuneiform Studies
2998:Journal of Cuneiform Studies
2747:10.1016/j.culher.2019.04.001
2735:Journal of Cultural Heritage
2711:10.1016/j.culher.2019.04.001
2699:Journal of Cultural Heritage
2653:International Business Times
2537:Murnane, William J. (1995).
2244:Murnane, William J. (1995).
2123:Nefertiti: Egypt's Sun Queen
800:. In the tomb of the vizier
631:, her name was the sentence
467:and before the ascension of
7:
3358:Journal of Egyptian History
3249:Grajetzki, Wolfram (2000).
2772:. Vol. 12, no. 2.
2177:Akhenaten, the Heretic King
2174:Redford, Donald B. (1987).
1898:Grajetzki, Wolfram (2005).
1829:Journal of Egyptian History
1653:Nefertiti was portrayed by
1605:Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art
925:Possible reign as a Pharaoh
771:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
530:Lady of Grace (nebet-imat,
527:Great of Praises (wrt-Hzwt)
10:
5934:
3945:Second Intermediate Period
3291:10.1177/030751339608200112
2037:van Dijk, Jacobus (1996).
1427:Head statue of Nefertiti,
1341:
1239:
1005:
658:
473:a matter of ongoing debate
463:known by the throne name,
341:Neferneferuaten Nefertiti
279:
25:
21:Nefertiti (disambiguation)
18:
5834:
5798:
5683:
5628:
5593:
5586:
5575:
5541:
5404:
5393:
5216:
5183:
5168:
5146:
5103:
5060:
5045:
5007:
5003:
4981:
4896:
4878:
4820:
4792:
4777:
4708:
4608:
4432:
4417:
4379:
4375:
4364:Third Intermediate Period
4353:
4288:
4270:
4252:
4184:
4169:
4076:
4013:
3998:
3960:
3956:
3934:
3832:
3754:
3676:
3641:
3626:
3597:
3527:
3512:
3470:
3459:First Intermediate Period
3448:
3370:10.1163/18741665-12340014
3221:. Routledge. p. 98.
2892:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2121:Tyldesley, Joyce (1998).
1841:10.1163/18741665-12340014
1232:and Tiye, not Nefertiti.
1112:
1018:Mistress of the Two Lands
969:ancient Egyptian religion
817:Ägyptisches Museum Berlin
681:. Further, a woman named
357:
353:
278:
270:
256:
245:
232:
220:
177:
167:
154:
137:
133:
123:
113:
108: 1334–1332 BC
100:
86:
76:
65:
55:Egyptian Museum of Berlin
42:
37:
5651:Neferneferuaten Tasherit
3463: (<3150–2040 BC)
2671:National Geographic News
1681:Dinosaurs on a Spaceship
1638:with an aged Nefertiti,
1274:. While laying siege to
1001:
727:Neferneferuaten Tasherit
344:Nfr nfrw itn Nfr.t jy.tj
202:Neferneferuaten Tasherit
5760:Neferkheperuhersekheper
5671:Ankhesenpaaten Tasherit
4502:Menhet, Menwi and Merti
4147:Khenemetneferhedjet III
3442:Queens of Ancient Egypt
2016:. Thames & Hudson.
1706:Encyclopædia Britannica
1679:(2012), in the episode
1660:Nefertiti and Akhenaton
784:. In the damaged tomb (
740:
5208:Eurydice II of Macedon
4125:Khenemetneferhedjet II
2806:10.1126/science.349693
2562:Dodson, Aidan (2018).
1986:Norman De Garis Davies
1793:Dodson, Aidan (2009).
1297:
1285:
1130:
1122:
1097:
1039:
1025:
941:, and worshipping the
820:
788:) of the royal butler
4110:Khenemetneferhedjet I
3267:BES 19 (2014), pp.523
3175:Darnell, John Coleman
3125:Amelie Kuhrt (1997).
2930:10.1001/jama.2010.121
2850:10.1001/jama.2010.121
2070:van Dijk, J. (1996).
1944:Schenkel, W. (1983).
1724:von Beckerath, Jürgen
1293:
1280:
1128:
1120:
1092:
1036:
1015:
1006:Further information:
829:Mansion of the Benben
814:
655:Family and early life
520:Hereditary Princess (
431:) was a queen of the
5399:Dynastic genealogies
5075:Khedebneithirbinet I
3949: (2040–1550 BC)
3455:Protodynastic Period
2587:Kemp, Barry (2014).
2428:– via YouTube.
2404:– via YouTube.
2052:: 32. Archived from
1872:– via YouTube.
1581:Royal Ontario Museum
1020:. On display at the
496:art of ancient Egypt
4368: (1550–664 BC)
2798:1978Sci...200.1149H
2677:on 30 November 2015
2208:. Psychology Press.
2202:Montserrat, Dominic
1883:Dodson, A. (2020).
1648:Cultural depictions
1174:Valley of the Kings
1137:as laid out in the
887:tombs of the nobles
671:tombs of the nobles
5903:Wives of Akhenaten
5666:Meritaten Tasherit
4992:Hellenistic Period
4492:Merytre-Hatshepsut
4452:Ahmose-Henuttamehu
3389:2010-07-02 at the
2525:van der Perre 2014
2513:van der Perre 2014
2501:van der Perre 2014
2489:van der Perre 2014
2438:Reeves, Nicholas.
2321:on 6 November 2019
2274:van der Perre 2014
1746:Collins Dictionary
1595:Boundary stele of
1214:University of York
1155:Tutankhamun's tomb
1131:
1123:
1040:
1026:
996:Tutankhamun's tomb
821:
669:. Scenes from the
490:, now in Berlin's
5875:
5874:
5847:Amarna succession
5679:
5678:
5501:
5500:
5497:
5496:
5389:
5388:
5385:
5384:
5381:
5380:
5164:
5163:
5041:
5040:
4996: (664–30 BC)
4977:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4773:
4772:
4413:
4412:
4349:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4165:
4164:
3994:
3993:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3622:
3621:
3508:
3507:
3228:978-1-315-43491-9
3194:978-0-471-74358-3
3181:(3 August 2007).
3153:978-1-4443-2006-0
2977:978-977-416-673-0
2792:(4346): 1149–51.
2598:978-0-500-29120-7
2573:978-977-416-859-8
2475:978-3-86568-848-4
2342:Brand, P. (ed.).
2160:978-977-416-673-0
1972:978-1-107-05364-9
1909:978-0-9547218-9-3
1809:978-977-416-304-3
1655:Geraldine Chaplin
1242:KV21 § KV21B
1088:Small Aten Temple
1008:Amarna succession
374:
373:
339:
338:
335:
334:
317:
316:
266:
265:
252:
241:
51:bust of Nefertiti
5925:
5867:Amarna Art Style
5614:The Younger Lady
5591:
5590:
5581:
5528:
5521:
5514:
5505:
5504:
5395:
5394:
5374:
5364:
5354:
5344:
5332:
5322:
5311:Cleopatra Selene
5307:
5297:
5287:
5277:
5271:Cleopatra I Syra
5267:
5257:
5247:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5034:
5027:
5014:
5013:
5005:
5004:
4998:
4997:
4983:
4982:
4855:Nesitanebetashru
4850:Nesitaudjatakhet
4790:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4723:Iset Ta-Hemdjert
4689:
4579:
4478:
4457:Ahmose-Meritamun
4447:Ahmose-Sitkamose
4442:Ahmose-Nefertari
4430:
4429:
4426:
4425:
4406:
4399:
4386:
4385:
4377:
4376:
4370:
4369:
4355:
4354:
4182:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4158:
4011:
4010:
4007:
4006:
3987:
3980:
3967:
3966:
3958:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3936:
3935:
3915:
3897:Ankhesenpepi III
3736:Khamerernebty II
3639:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3501:
3494:
3481:
3480:
3472:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3450:
3449:
3435:
3428:
3421:
3412:
3411:
3373:
3348:
3311:
3310:
3274:
3268:
3263:Nicholas Reeves,
3261:
3255:
3254:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3179:Manassa, Colleen
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3036:
3030:
3029:
2993:
2982:
2981:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2915:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2891:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2620:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2504:
2498:
2492:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2461:
2452:
2443:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2392:. Archived from
2383:
2377:
2376:
2370:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2348:
2339:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2317:, archived from
2308:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2260:
2259:
2241:
2235:
2234:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2146:
2137:
2136:
2118:
2103:
2102:, p. 87–88.
2097:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2076:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2059:on 4 March 2016.
2058:
2043:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2009:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1914:
1913:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1860:. Archived from
1851:
1845:
1844:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1801:
1790:
1777:
1776:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1698:
1632:
1616:
1592:
1569:
1545:
1526:
1510:
1487:
1467:
1440:
1424:
1408:
1396:
1384:
1372:
1352:
1182:The Younger Lady
1022:Ashmolean Museum
909:is shown alive.
766:
753:
506:Names and titles
488:her ancient bust
457:ancient Egyptian
437:great royal wife
430:
426:
423:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
361:Great Royal Wife
310:
309:
284:
283:
280:
268:
267:
250:
239:
163:
160:
146:
143:
109:
106:
80:1353–1336 BC or
47:
35:
34:
5933:
5932:
5928:
5927:
5926:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5913:Female pharaohs
5878:
5877:
5876:
5871:
5830:
5794:
5693:
5675:
5624:
5582:
5573:
5559:Neferneferuaten
5537:
5532:
5502:
5493:
5400:
5377:
5212:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5160:
5142:
5099:
5051:
5050:
5049:
5037:
5030:
5025:
5019:
5010:
4999:
4995:
4994:
4965:
4892:
4874:
4816:
4783:
4782:
4781:
4769:
4704:
4648:Maathorneferure
4604:
4572:Neferneferuaten
4423:
4422:
4421:
4409:
4402:
4397:
4391:
4382:
4371:
4367:
4366:
4337:
4284:
4266:
4248:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4161:
4072:
4004:
4003:
4002:
3990:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3963:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3918:
3902:Ankhesenpepi IV
3857:Ankhesenpepi II
3828:
3750:
3721:Khamerernebty I
3672:
3632:
3631:
3630:
3618:
3593:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3504:
3497:
3492:
3486:
3477:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3444:
3439:
3391:Wayback Machine
3380:
3345:
3320:
3315:
3314:
3275:
3271:
3262:
3258:
3247:
3243:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3213:
3209:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3172:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3138:
3134:
3123:
3119:
3096:10.2307/1359585
3080:
3076:
3037:
3033:
3010:10.2307/1359312
2994:
2985:
2978:
2964:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2905:
2901:
2885:
2884:
2877:
2875:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2833:
2829:
2781:
2777:
2766:
2762:
2730:
2726:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2645:
2641:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2618:
2610:
2606:
2599:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2535:
2531:
2523:
2519:
2511:
2507:
2499:
2495:
2487:
2483:
2476:
2462:
2455:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2423:
2421:
2413:
2409:
2399:
2397:
2396:on 8 March 2017
2384:
2380:
2364:
2363:
2356:
2354:
2346:
2340:
2333:
2324:
2322:
2309:
2305:
2295:
2293:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2272:
2263:
2256:
2242:
2238:
2231:
2217:
2213:
2199:
2195:
2188:
2172:
2168:
2161:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2119:
2106:
2098:
2094:
2084:
2082:
2074:
2068:
2064:
2056:
2041:
2035:
2031:
2024:
2010:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1957:
1953:
1942:
1938:
1930:
1917:
1910:
1896:
1892:
1881:
1877:
1867:
1865:
1864:on 1 April 2022
1852:
1848:
1821:
1817:
1810:
1799:
1791:
1780:
1769:
1765:
1755:
1753:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1721:
1717:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1650:
1643:
1640:Brooklyn Museum
1633:
1624:
1621:Brooklyn Museum
1617:
1608:
1593:
1584:
1570:
1561:
1558:Brooklyn Museum
1546:
1537:
1532:and Nefertiti.
1527:
1518:
1515:Brooklyn Museum
1511:
1502:
1488:
1479:
1476:Brooklyn Museum
1468:
1459:
1456:Egyptian Museum
1441:
1432:
1425:
1416:
1409:
1400:
1397:
1388:
1385:
1376:
1373:
1364:
1353:
1344:
1336:Nicholas Reeves
1260:
1258:Hittite letters
1244:
1238:
1151:Nicholas Reeves
1139:Boundary Stelae
1115:
1102:Neferneferuaten
1076:
1060:Coregency Stela
1031:
1010:
1004:
947:Neferneferuaten
927:
914:Flinders Petrie
883:Northern Palace
871:boundary stelae
792:, the new king
778:
777:
776:
775:
774:
767:
759:
758:
754:
743:
663:
657:
508:
465:Neferneferuaten
428:
424:
384:
380:
370:
346:
342:
340:
327:
290:
288:
216:
161:
147:
144:
107:
96:
93:Neferneferuaten
81:
61:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5931:
5921:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5873:
5872:
5870:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5842:Amarna letters
5838:
5836:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5802:
5800:
5796:
5795:
5793:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5696:
5694:
5692:
5691:
5688:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5677:
5676:
5674:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5632:
5630:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5622:
5617:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5594:
5588:
5584:
5583:
5576:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5545:
5543:
5539:
5538:
5531:
5530:
5523:
5516:
5508:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5375:
5365:
5355:
5345:
5333:
5323:
5313:
5308:
5298:
5288:
5278:
5268:
5258:
5248:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5222:
5220:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5189:
5187:
5178:
5166:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5158:
5152:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5109:
5107:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5092:
5090:Nakhtubasterau
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5070:Mehytenweskhet
5066:
5064:
5055:
5043:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5028:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5011:
5008:
5001:
5000:
4979:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4902:
4900:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4884:
4882:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4826:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4798:
4796:
4787:
4779:3 Intermediate
4775:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4714:
4712:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4695:
4690:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4614:
4612:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4602:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4438:
4436:
4427:
4424:(1550–1070 BC)
4415:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4407:
4400:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4383:
4380:
4373:
4372:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4276:
4274:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4258:
4256:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4190:
4188:
4179:
4176:(1802–1550 BC)
4171:2 Intermediate
4167:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4095:
4090:
4087:Neferitatjenen
4082:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4019:
4017:
4008:
4005:(2040–1802 BC)
4000:Middle Kingdom
3996:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3981:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3964:
3961:
3954:
3953:
3941:Middle Kingdom
3932:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3916:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3852:Ankhesenpepi I
3849:
3844:
3838:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3760:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3682:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3653:
3647:
3645:
3636:
3633:(2686–2181 BC)
3624:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3611:
3603:
3601:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3544:
3539:
3533:
3531:
3522:
3519:(3150–2686 BC)
3514:Early Dynastic
3510:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3495:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3478:
3475:
3468:
3467:
3446:
3445:
3438:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3379:
3378:External links
3376:
3375:
3374:
3349:
3343:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3269:
3256:
3241:
3227:
3207:
3193:
3166:
3152:
3132:
3117:
3090:(4): 107–130.
3074:
3053:10.1086/372739
3047:(3): 179–180.
3031:
2983:
2976:
2958:
2899:
2863:
2827:
2775:
2760:
2724:
2688:
2658:
2639:
2604:
2597:
2579:
2572:
2554:
2547:
2529:
2517:
2505:
2493:
2481:
2474:
2453:
2431:
2407:
2378:
2331:
2303:
2278:
2261:
2254:
2236:
2229:
2211:
2193:
2186:
2166:
2159:
2138:
2131:
2104:
2092:
2062:
2029:
2022:
1999:
1990:
1978:
1971:
1951:
1936:
1915:
1908:
1890:
1875:
1846:
1815:
1808:
1778:
1763:
1733:
1715:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1667:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1634:
1627:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1594:
1587:
1585:
1571:
1564:
1562:
1547:
1540:
1538:
1528:
1521:
1519:
1512:
1505:
1503:
1489:
1482:
1480:
1469:
1462:
1460:
1442:
1435:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1367:
1365:
1354:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1289:Suppiluliuma I
1272:Suppiluliuma I
1259:
1256:
1240:Main article:
1237:
1234:
1210:Joann Fletcher
1187:An article in
1178:The Elder Lady
1114:
1111:
1075:
1072:
1030:
1027:
1003:
1000:
935:archaeological
926:
923:
768:
761:
760:
755:
748:
747:
746:
745:
744:
742:
739:
723:Ankhesenpaaten
656:
653:
617:
616:
605:
594:
581:
564:
553:
539:
528:
525:
518:
507:
504:
451:, centered on
429: 1330 BC
372:
371:
358:
355:
354:
351:
350:
337:
336:
333:
332:
329:
324:
321:
318:
315:
314:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
276:
275:
264:
263:
258:
254:
253:
247:
243:
242:
234:
230:
229:
224:
218:
217:
215:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
183:
181:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
162: 1330 BC
156:
152:
151:
145: 1370 BC
139:
135:
134:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
102:
98:
97:
90:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
63:
62:
48:
40:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5930:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5803:
5801:
5797:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5697:
5695:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5682:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5656:Neferneferure
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5633:
5631:
5627:
5621:
5618:
5615:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5585:
5580:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5536:
5535:Amarna Period
5529:
5524:
5522:
5517:
5515:
5510:
5509:
5506:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5406:
5403:
5396:
5392:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5363:
5359:
5358:Cleopatra VII
5356:
5353:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5339:
5338:
5334:
5331:
5327:
5324:
5321:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5306:
5302:
5299:
5296:
5292:
5291:Cleopatra III
5289:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5276:
5272:
5269:
5266:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5252:
5249:
5246:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5215:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5186:
5182:
5179:
5171:
5167:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5102:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5048:
5044:
5033:
5029:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5015:
5012:
5006:
5002:
4993:
4989:
4984:
4980:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4946:Takahatenamun
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4889:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4877:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4823:
4819:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4795:
4791:
4788:
4784:(1069–664 BC)
4780:
4776:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4673:Isetnofret II
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4611:
4607:
4601:
4600:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4578:
4574:
4573:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4431:
4428:
4420:
4416:
4405:
4401:
4396:
4395:
4393:
4387:
4384:
4378:
4374:
4365:
4361:
4356:
4352:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4323:Ahmose Inhapy
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4291:
4287:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4273:
4269:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4183:
4180:
4172:
4168:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4084:
4083:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4001:
3997:
3986:
3982:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3968:
3965:
3959:
3955:
3946:
3942:
3937:
3933:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3784:Khentkaus III
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3716:Meresankh III
3714:
3712:
3711:Hetepheres II
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3657:Djeseretnebti
3654:
3652:
3651:Hetephernebti
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3637:
3629:
3625:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3596:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3523:
3515:
3511:
3500:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3482:
3479:
3473:
3469:
3460:
3456:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3436:
3431:
3429:
3424:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3371:
3367:
3364:(1): 67–106.
3363:
3359:
3355:
3350:
3346:
3344:9781617975608
3340:
3336:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3325:Dodson, Aidan
3322:
3321:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3260:
3252:
3245:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3211:
3196:
3190:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3176:
3170:
3155:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3136:
3128:
3121:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3078:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3035:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2979:
2973:
2969:
2962:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2895:
2889:
2873:
2867:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2844:(7): 638–47.
2843:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2779:
2771:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2728:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2692:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2654:
2650:
2643:
2624:
2621:. p. 6.
2617:
2616:
2612:Kemp, Barry.
2608:
2600:
2594:
2590:
2583:
2575:
2569:
2565:
2558:
2550:
2548:1-55540-966-0
2544:
2540:
2533:
2527:, p. 77.
2526:
2521:
2515:, p. 76.
2514:
2509:
2503:, p. 73.
2502:
2497:
2491:, p. 68.
2490:
2485:
2477:
2471:
2467:
2460:
2458:
2451:
2450:0-500-28552-7
2447:
2442:
2435:
2420:
2419:
2411:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2382:
2374:
2368:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2336:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2307:
2292:
2288:
2282:
2275:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2257:
2255:1-55540-966-0
2251:
2247:
2240:
2232:
2230:1-928917-06-2
2226:
2222:
2215:
2207:
2203:
2197:
2189:
2187:9780691002170
2183:
2179:
2178:
2170:
2162:
2156:
2152:
2145:
2143:
2134:
2132:0-670-86998-8
2128:
2124:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2101:
2100:Dodson (2016)
2096:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2025:
2023:0-500-05128-3
2019:
2015:
2008:
2006:
2004:
1994:
1987:
1982:
1974:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1940:
1934:, p. 87.
1933:
1932:Dodson (2016)
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1911:
1905:
1901:
1894:
1886:
1879:
1863:
1859:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1819:
1811:
1805:
1798:
1797:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1774:
1767:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1693:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1615:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1534:Louvre Museum
1531:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1407:
1402:
1395:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1371:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1357:Amarna, Egypt
1351:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1312:Ta hemet nesu
1309:
1304:
1302:
1296:
1292:
1290:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1230:Amenhotep III
1227:
1224:analysis and
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1127:
1119:
1110:
1108:
1103:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1055:
1053:
1048:
1046:
1035:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1009:
999:
997:
993:
989:
985:
980:
978:
974:
970:
965:
963:
959:
954:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
922:
918:
915:
910:
908:
903:
899:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
867:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
818:
813:
809:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
772:
765:
752:
738:
736:
732:
731:Neferneferure
728:
724:
720:
716:
711:
709:
705:
699:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
662:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
628:
622:
621:Egyptological
619:While modern
614:
610:
606:
603:
599:
595:
592:
589:
586:
582:
579:
576:
573:
569:
565:
562:
558:
554:
551:
547:
544:
540:
537:
533:
529:
526:
523:
519:
517:
513:
512:
511:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
417:
378:
369:
366:
362:
356:
352:
349:
345:
330:
325:
322:
319:
312:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
296:
293:
286:
285:
282:
281:
277:
274:
269:
262:
259:
255:
248:
244:
238:
235:
231:
228:
227:18th of Egypt
225:
223:
219:
213:
210:
208:
207:Neferneferure
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
182:
180:
176:
173:
170:
166:
157:
153:
150:
149:Thebes, Egypt
140:
136:
132:
129:
126:
122:
119:
116:
112:
103:
99:
94:
89:
85:
79:
75:
72:
68:
67:Queen consort
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
41:
36:
33:
29:
22:
5826:Amarna Tombs
5646:Ankhesenamun
5602:
5587:Royal family
5337:Cleopatra VI
5335:
5316:Berenice III
5301:Cleopatra IV
5281:Cleopatra II
5203:Parysatis II
5052:(664–332 BC)
5031:
4956:Atakhebasken
4870:Tadibast III
4845:Tashedkhonsu
4757:
4748:Tawerettenru
4718:Tiy-Merenese
4697:
4597:
4583:Ankhesenamun
4570:
4560:
4403:
4134:
4097:
4085:
3984:
3906:
3867:Meritites IV
3824:Nimaathap II
3804:Meresankh IV
3779:Khentkaus II
3769:Neferhetepes
3731:Hekenuhedjet
3706:Meresankh II
3686:Hetepheres I
3655:
3606:
3546:
3498:
3361:
3357:
3329:
3282:
3278:
3272:
3259:
3250:
3244:
3232:. Retrieved
3217:
3210:
3198:. Retrieved
3183:
3169:
3157:. Retrieved
3142:
3135:
3126:
3120:
3087:
3083:
3077:
3044:
3040:
3034:
3004:(3): 75–98.
3001:
2997:
2967:
2961:
2949:. Retrieved
2921:
2917:
2908:Hawass, Zahi
2902:
2876:. Retrieved
2866:
2841:
2837:
2830:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2769:
2763:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2702:
2698:
2691:
2679:. Retrieved
2675:the original
2670:
2661:
2652:
2642:
2630:. Retrieved
2614:
2607:
2588:
2582:
2563:
2557:
2538:
2532:
2520:
2508:
2496:
2484:
2465:
2440:
2434:
2422:. Retrieved
2417:
2410:
2398:. Retrieved
2394:the original
2388:
2381:
2355:. Retrieved
2350:
2323:, retrieved
2319:the original
2313:
2306:
2294:. Retrieved
2290:
2281:
2245:
2239:
2220:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2176:
2169:
2150:
2122:
2095:
2085:15 September
2083:. Retrieved
2078:
2065:
2054:the original
2049:
2045:
2032:
2013:
1993:
1981:
1961:
1954:
1945:
1939:
1899:
1893:
1884:
1878:
1866:. Retrieved
1862:the original
1856:
1849:
1832:
1828:
1818:
1795:
1772:
1766:
1756:24 September
1754:. Retrieved
1745:
1736:
1727:
1718:
1705:
1696:
1674:
1671:Riann Steele
1665:Raul Araiza.
1658:
1499:Altes Museum
1429:Altes Museum
1413:Altes Museum
1320:Ankhesenamun
1311:
1305:
1298:
1294:
1286:
1281:
1267:
1261:
1245:
1207:
1188:
1186:
1166:Amenhotep II
1162:Victor Loret
1159:
1148:
1132:
1098:
1093:
1077:
1074:New theories
1064:
1056:
1049:
1041:
1029:Old theories
1017:
981:
966:
955:
928:
919:
911:
895:
868:
856:polytheistic
845:
822:
806:Amenhotep IV
794:Amenhotep IV
779:
712:
700:
664:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
626:
624:
618:
585:ḥmt-nswt-wrt
516:nfr-nfrw-jtn
509:
492:Neues Museum
485:
453:the sun disc
376:
375:
347:
343:
197:Ankhesenamun
95:, disputed)
82:1351–1334 BC
59:Neues Museum
32:
5765:Paatenemheb
5755:Nakhtpaaten
5564:Tutankhamun
5348:Berenice IV
5326:Cleopatra V
5261:Arsinoe III
5251:Berenice II
5198:Stateira II
5175:(332–30 BC)
5170:Hellenistic
4988:Late Period
4941:Tabekenamun
4888:Karomama II
4759:Baketwernel
4738:Duatentopet
4699:Anuketemheb
4419:New Kingdom
4360:New Kingdom
4152:Sobekneferu
4130:Neferthenut
4028:Neferukayet
3872:Inenek-Inti
3764:Khentkaus I
3691:Meritites I
3668:Meresankh I
3663:Djefatnebti
3628:Old Kingdom
3318:Works cited
2291:HISTORY.com
2125:. Penguin.
1702:"Akhenaton"
1236:KV21B mummy
1218:Zahi Hawass
1043:of several
984:Zahi Hawass
977:Tutankhamun
819:collection.
649:Nafert-yiti
647:or perhaps
643:from older
637:Nfr.t-jy.tj
633:nfr.t jj.tj
469:Tutankhamun
439:of Pharaoh
425: 1370
273:hieroglyphs
128:Tutankhamun
114:Predecessor
5882:Categories
5862:Dakhamunzu
5775:Parennefer
5554:Smenkhkare
5368:Arsinoe IV
5241:Arsinoe II
5231:Berenice I
5156:Stateira I
4865:Karomama I
4835:Penreshnes
4807:Mutnedjmet
4753:Nubkhesbed
4638:Isetnofret
4628:Tanedjemet
4599:Nebetnehat
4593:Mutnedjmet
4472:Hatshepsut
4333:Ahhotep II
4328:Sitdjehuti
4303:Sobekemsaf
4280:Mentuhotep
4204:Senebhenas
4199:Nubhetepti
4136:Meretseger
4093:Neferu III
3774:Meretnebty
3574:Seshemetka
3559:Nakhtneith
3537:Neithhotep
2424:26 October
2400:26 October
2325:26 October
2296:26 October
1868:30 October
1835:: 67–108.
1742:"Nefertit"
1688:References
1676:Doctor Who
1338:believes.
1332:Dakhamunzu
1308:Dakhamunzu
1135:Royal Tomb
1107:Smenkhkare
962:Smenkhkare
951:Hatshepsut
864:henotheism
790:Parennefer
659:See also:
645:Nafrat-ita
445:monotheism
427: – c.
251:(possibly)
240:(possibly)
118:Smenkhkare
5888:Nefertiti
5806:Akhetaten
5799:Locations
5750:Mutbenret
5745:Meryre II
5735:Meryneith
5690:Officials
5661:Setepenre
5641:Meketaten
5636:Meritaten
5603:Nefertiti
5549:Akhenaten
5489:Ptolemaic
5236:Arsinoe I
5218:Ptolemaic
5138:Parysatis
5118:Artystone
5085:Tentkheta
5032:uncertain
4743:Henutwati
4663:Nebettawy
4658:Bintanath
4653:Meritamen
4643:Henutmire
4633:Nefertari
4566:Meritaten
4561:Nefertiti
4552:Tadukhipa
4537:Gilukhipa
4527:Mutemwiya
4517:Nefertari
4467:Mutnofret
4404:uncertain
4318:Ahhotep I
4313:Tetisheri
4115:Nofret II
4043:Neferu II
3985:uncertain
3877:Nedjeftet
3799:Nebunebty
3701:Khentetka
3614:Nimaathap
3499:uncertain
3327:(2016) .
3307:193461821
3112:224824543
3069:161228521
3026:163670780
2938:1538-3598
2755:164859865
2719:164859865
2367:cite book
2357:11 August
1601:Meketaten
1530:Akhenaten
1444:Akhenaten
1431:, Berlin.
1415:, Berlin.
1316:Meritaten
1276:Karkemish
1054:instead.
1024:, Oxford.
958:alter ego
931:co-regent
907:Meketaten
902:Meryre II
891:Meryre II
875:Akhetaten
860:monolatry
848:Akhetaten
837:Meketaten
833:Meritaten
735:Setepenre
719:Meketaten
715:Meritaten
708:Tadukhipa
706:princess
679:Mutbenret
667:Akhenaten
441:Akhenaten
377:Nefertiti
368:Akhenaten
212:Setepenre
192:Meketaten
187:Meritaten
172:Akhenaten
124:Successor
53:from the
38:Nefertiti
5790:Thutmose
5770:Panehesy
5629:Children
5542:Pharaohs
5454:21 to 23
5226:Eurydice
5133:Damaspia
5128:Amestris
4961:Malaqaye
4951:Naparaye
4926:Peksater
4906:Pebatjma
4840:Maatkare
4830:Karomama
4812:Karimala
4802:Tentamun
4765:Tentamun
4308:Haankhes
4298:Nubemhat
4244:Satsobek
4229:Nubkhaes
4214:Senebsen
4053:Henhenet
4023:Neferu I
3908:Nitocris
3892:Udjebten
3862:Nubwenet
3847:Khuit II
3809:Setibhor
3789:Reptynub
3741:Rekhetre
3726:Persenet
3696:Henutsen
3584:Serethor
3569:Merneith
3554:Herneith
3548:Khenthap
3387:Archived
3234:19 April
3200:19 April
3159:19 April
2946:20159872
2888:cite web
2858:20159872
2623:Archived
2204:(2003).
1750:Archived
1726:(1997).
1710:Archived
1536:, Paris.
1458:, Cairo.
1363:, London
1324:Horemheb
1301:Zannanza
971:and the
568:ḥmt-nswt
522:iryt-p`t
500:Thutmose
257:Religion
5898:Atenism
5857:Atenism
5080:Takhuit
5026:Pharaoh
5018:Dynasty
4936:Qalhata
4683:Twosret
4668:Merytre
4542:Sitamun
4507:Nebsemi
4398:Pharaoh
4390:Dynasty
4120:Khenmet
4099:Keminub
4048:Ashayet
3979:Pharaoh
3971:Dynasty
3887:Iput II
3794:Khuit I
3746:Bunefer
3589:Betrest
3564:Penebui
3542:Benerib
3493:Pharaoh
3485:Dynasty
3299:3822115
3104:1359585
3018:1359312
2814:1746491
2794:Bibcode
2786:Science
2681:30 June
2081:: 31–32
1748:. n.d.
1636:Talatat
1573:Talatat
1552:to the
1491:Talatat
1342:Gallery
1283:afraid.
1264:Hattusa
1222:CT scan
1180:' and '
1172:in the
1095:Period.
1086:on the
1045:ushabti
992:ushabti
939:chariot
841:talatat
704:Mitanni
691:pharaoh
641:Naftita
629:fertiti
461:pharaoh
449:Atenism
365:Pharaoh
359:
261:Atenism
222:Dynasty
88:Pharaoh
5811:Karnak
5785:Ramose
5780:Penthu
5740:Meryre
5700:Aperel
5687:Nobles
5193:Roxana
5185:Argead
5123:Parmys
5113:Atossa
5095:Ladice
5009:Period
4921:Khensa
4911:Tabiry
4678:Takhat
4487:Satiah
4462:Ahmose
4381:Period
4239:Abetni
4194:Nofret
4068:Kemsit
3962:Period
3842:Iput I
3819:Khenut
3476:Period
3341:
3305:
3297:
3285:: 76.
3225:
3191:
3150:
3110:
3102:
3067:
3061:544713
3059:
3024:
3016:
2974:
2951:24 May
2944:
2936:
2878:8 June
2856:
2822:349693
2820:
2812:
2753:
2717:
2632:1 July
2595:
2570:
2545:
2472:
2448:
2252:
2227:
2184:
2157:
2129:
2020:
1969:
1906:
1806:
1597:Amarna
1359:. The
1318:, and
1143:shabti
1113:Burial
1084:Penthu
1038:London
988:Thebes
825:Karnak
802:Ramose
782:Thebes
757:London
733:, and
675:Amarna
611:-šmꜣw-
604:-nbwt)
481:Thebes
477:Amarna
435:, the
313:
246:Mother
233:Father
168:Spouse
77:Tenure
5835:Other
5105:XXVII
4880:XXIII
4860:Kapes
4618:Sitre
4522:Iaret
4497:Nebtu
4434:XVIII
4224:Ineni
4105:Senet
4063:Kawit
4058:Sadeh
3882:Neith
3814:Nebet
3608:Menka
3579:Semat
3303:S2CID
3295:JSTOR
3108:S2CID
3100:JSTOR
3065:S2CID
3057:JSTOR
3022:S2CID
3014:JSTOR
2810:JSTOR
2751:S2CID
2741:: 9.
2715:S2CID
2705:: 8.
2626:(PDF)
2619:(PDF)
2347:(PDF)
2075:(PDF)
2057:(PDF)
2042:(PDF)
1800:(PDF)
1268:Deeds
1203:Thuya
1080:Akhet
1002:Death
786:TT188
179:Issue
101:Reign
71:Egypt
5852:Aten
5821:KV62
5816:KV55
5725:Maia
5720:Mahu
5710:Huya
5608:Kiya
5598:Tiye
5148:XXXI
5062:XXVI
5047:Late
4990:and
4931:Arty
4916:Abar
4822:XXII
4733:Tiye
4728:Tyti
4693:Tiaa
4623:Tuya
4556:Kiya
4547:Iset
4532:Tiye
4512:Tiaa
4482:Iset
4362:and
4290:XVII
4262:Tati
4219:Tjan
4209:Neni
4186:XIII
3943:and
3339:ISBN
3236:2022
3223:ISBN
3202:2022
3189:ISBN
3161:2022
3148:ISBN
2972:ISBN
2953:2020
2942:PMID
2934:ISSN
2894:link
2880:2016
2854:PMID
2838:JAMA
2818:PMID
2683:2019
2634:2019
2593:ISBN
2568:ISBN
2543:ISBN
2470:ISBN
2446:ISBN
2426:2017
2402:2017
2373:link
2359:2022
2327:2017
2298:2017
2250:ISBN
2225:ISBN
2182:ISBN
2155:ISBN
2127:ISBN
2087:2019
2018:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1904:ISBN
1870:2017
1804:ISBN
1758:2014
1577:Aten
1554:Aten
1550:Maat
1495:Aten
1472:Aten
1448:Aten
1248:KV21
1201:and
1199:Yuya
1195:Tiye
1170:KV35
1068:Amun
1052:Kiya
973:Amun
943:Aten
900:and
898:Huya
879:Aten
869:The
852:Aten
798:Aten
741:Life
635:(or
609:ḥnwt
602:ḥmwt
598:ḥnwt
561:tꜣwj
550:mrwt
536:jmꜣt
249:Iuy
155:Died
138:Born
91:(as
49:The
5730:May
5715:Ipy
5705:Bek
5620:Tey
4898:XXV
4794:XXI
4610:XIX
4588:Tey
4272:XVI
4254:XIV
4234:Aya
4142:Aat
4078:XII
4038:Tem
4033:Iah
3643:III
3457:to
3366:doi
3287:doi
3092:doi
3049:doi
3006:doi
2926:doi
2922:303
2846:doi
2842:303
2802:doi
2790:200
2770:KMT
2743:doi
2707:doi
1837:doi
1673:in
1657:in
1270:of
1226:DNA
1190:KMT
1168:in
1109:).
960:of
683:Tey
673:in
613:mḥw
588:mrt
575:mrt
572:ꜥꜣt
557:nbt
543:bnr
532:nbt
420:) (
363:of
69:of
5908:Ay
5884::
5569:Ay
5484:31
5479:30
5474:27
5469:26
5464:25
5459:24
5449:20
5444:19
5439:18
5434:12
5429:11
4710:XX
4554:/
4015:XI
3834:VI
3678:IV
3599:II
3360:.
3356:.
3337:.
3333:.
3301:.
3293:.
3283:82
3281:.
3177:;
3106:.
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