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495:. Marine pilots are seafarers with extensive seafaring experience and are usually qualified master mariners who have been trained as expert ship-handlers. These pilots should be conversant with all types of vessel in their local waters and possess a good knowledge of the different propulsion systems, as well as handling ships of all sizes in all weather and tidal conditions. They are also experts in the geographical areas they work. In most countries, the pilot takes over the 'conduct' of the navigation from the ship master. This means that the master and crew should adhere to the pilot's orders in respect of the safe navigation of the vessel when in a compulsory pilotage area. However, the master may
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astern bell, a standard was established that the propeller would turn clockwise when viewed from astern. This would mean that the propeller would turn counterclockwise when going astern and the stern would walk to port. This aided in docking operations, where "port side to" was the preferred situation and the vessel would be brought to the dock with a small bow-in angle and backing would flatten the angle, slow or stop the vessel and walk it alongside. An exception to this is vessels which use a controllable-pitch propeller, where the pitch and not the direction of rotation was reversed to go astern. These propellers rotate counterclockwise at all times and so the "walk" is "normal".
38:
183:
562:. This involves knowledge of tasks such as painting, greasing, renewing ropes, wires and other equipment items. Seamanship also involves a working knowledge of the relevant wires, ropes, chains, shackles and slings onboard. This includes mooring ropes using to keep the vessel secure in port. Seamanship on some vessel types may involves being able to maintain and use marine cranes and lifting equipment if fitted on a ship. Larger ship types usually have a crane for cargo operations and for bringing on stores, provisions and supplies for the crew.
447:
direction of the engine. Since with the conventional propeller or rudder configuration the propeller is designed to operate at maximum efficiency when going ahead, it produces far less thrust when going astern. But with the Kort Nozzle, the ahead and astern thrust is the same. Other advantages of the nozzle are the ship can be steered astern which a conventional rudder cannot, and the ship can be steered fully under control to a standstill switching between ahead and astern mode to give complete control over speed.
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386:. Unlike land based vehicles, a ship afloat is subject to the forces of the water in which it floats, as well as the resistance and effects of marine weather. A complicating factor is that the mass of a ship that has to be accounted for when stopping and starting, as the inertia of large vessels may take large distances to stop and therefore ship-handlers must be aware of basic
679:
702:. These examinations have a progression based on the size and complexity of the ship, including its sailing area as well as by rank. Globally, most seafarers are required to possess a basic seamanship certificate. In the U.S., the progression begins with what is known as "the six pack", a license that allows fishing guides to operate with up to six passengers . In the
218:
and cargo operations, specific to the vessel the seafarer is working on. Some ship types will have specialist cargo equipment and tools; for example, a bulk carrier may have gantry cranes or grabs for cargo or a container ship may have container lashings. Cargoes should be properly stowed and secured
470:
Anchor work includes an understanding and awareness of types of anchors, marks on anchors and cable and shackles. It includes learning established procedures for securing anchors and cable, use of windlasses, how to prepare the anchors/clearing away anchors for letting go, letting-go (dropping) the
446:
where instead of a conventional rudder a pair of dish-shaped rudders, one either side of the propeller can be swivelled vertically to direct the propeller thrust through 360 degrees. Thus to put the vessel into astern mode the rudder can be rotated through 180 degrees without altering the speed and
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and replenishment at sea, are occasionally included in ship-handling seamanship for some vessel types. In addition to being fully conversant with the principles of ship-handling, a good shiphandler or pilot will have developed their sense of 'situational awareness' to a point well beyond that of an
661:
Boatwork is a traditional seamanship skill. On commercial ships, this is usually limited to rescue boats and lifeboats, however yachts and other vessels such as passenger ships may have tenders and small boats for transporting people between ship/shore. boatwork includes knowledge and operation of
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requires that modern seafarers be familiar with emergency operations, including fire fighting. Personnel at sea are required to undertake fire fighting training at shore based training establishments. It is a statutory requirement and considered good seamanship to regularly practice (drill) these
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will kick the stern of the vessel to port or starboard depending on the configuration and the type of propeller, when large variations on propeller rotation speed or changes of propeller rotation direction take place. (In single-screw vessels where the rotation of the propeller is reversed on an
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influence vessel movement, along with passing vessels and the shape of the nearby seabed (the interaction effect). These must also be combined with an understanding of a specific vessel's performance, including its propulsion and stopping distance to allow safe handling. Fundamental to low-speed
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on the vessel. This involves correct stowage of stores, supplies, crew personal effects, etc. It also involves keeping the decks, engine room and accommodation clean and free of debris or spills. This reduces the chances of fire at sea and reduces the change of injury eg due to slips, trips and
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and pulleys, etc. Other traditional practices apply to life onboard, such as forms of address to the
Captain and in use of marine flag, including courtesies and flag signalling. Specifically, these include items such as flag signalling terms, single and double letter meanings according to the
312:
Along with general navigation, seamanship involves being able to respond to weather at sea. For example, the onset of heavy or rough weather may require an alternative passage plan (or weather routeing) for the ship, as well as the use of an alternative heading to keep the vessel from rolling
536:“Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution, which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case.”
264:
Navigation is the art and science of safely and efficiently directing the movements of a vessel from one point to another. Piloting uses water depth and visible references, while dead reckoning uses courses and distances from the last known position. More than just finding a vessel's present
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The crew of a large ship will typically be organized into "divisions" or "departments", each with its own specialty. For example, the deck department is responsible for navigation, ship handling and general maintenance, while the engineering division are responsible for propulsion and other
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The ordinary practice of seaman is seen as equivalent wording for seamanship. Other accepted practices of seamanship relating to the COLREGs include maintaining a proper look-out (Rule 5), proceeding at a safe speed (Rule 6) and taking correct actions to avoid collision (Rule 8).
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mechanical systems. Crew start on the most basic duties and as they gain experience and expertise advance within their area. Crew who have gained proficiency become "able seamen", "petty officers", "rated", or "mates" depending on the ship type and organisation.
515:, or in any port in Russia (or ex-Soviet States). This distinction is important because when a pilot is in command, the master can not take any action, but is limited to advising the pilot on any circumstance that creates what he considers a dangerous situation.
409:. Crew should be able to keep the vessel from collisions, moor the vessel during canal lockgate operations and also respond to local currents and river conditions while on passage. Two other types of operations, berthing alongside another ship (usually for
569:. This includes careful planning (of all jobs, tasks and repairs), adequate preparations (eg or painting), dry-docking calculations (primarily stability and upthrust), safety within the dry-dock and checks upon departure (eg plugs returned and sealed).
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Lifeboat, rescue boat and survival craft maintenance and operation is an essential part of seamanship. This involves being able to operate survival craft in emergencies, but also to be able to maintain them effectively to operate in accordance with
363:
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different types of boat, launching procedures, recovery of boats (in normal and in heavy weather conditions), how to beach a boat if possible, the use of oars or sails, as well as basic sail theory, sail terminology and markings on sails.
647:, the basic knowledge on the identity of the many ropes with different functions. This latter knowledge was essential for both safety and efficient working - those without it would be dismissed or dis-rated at the first opportunity.
239:, where a vessel can only be safely loaded to its markings to ensure residual stability for the likely weather conditions. Seafarers should regularly inspect their vessel and ensure the hull is in good condition for navigation.
606:
Historic or traditional seamanship skills are less frequently used on modern commercial ships, but are usually still practiced in training colleges and used on smaller ships, fishing vessels and leisure craft. These include
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of the vessel at all times. This involves calculation of the vessel and the effects of its cargo at various stages of the voyage (on departure, at sea and on arrival in port) to allow for safe passage and prevent
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On smaller commercial craft, there is little or no specialisation. Deck crew perform all boat handling functions. The officers of the ship are responsible for navigation, communication, and watch supervision.
463:(anchors are a device used to secure a vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the craft from drifting) and established marine procedures for anchoring (anchorwork). This also includes the use of
507:), the pilot's role is as an advisor. However, in practice, they are likely to have the conduct of the vessel, especially on larger ships using tug boats to assist. In some places, specifically in the
405:
and in proximity to other ships, whilst at all times navigating safely. Seamanship also involves safe navigation in restricted waterways, for example in river and canal transits eg along the
317:). Additionally, heavy weather precautions onboard such as lashing furniture in the accommodation or keeping crew off the deck is considered good seamanship when navigating in heavy weather.
483:
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can be somewhat complex due to the hazardous nature of their cargoes, and therefore a greater degree of seamanship may be necessary for some vessel types compared to others.
242:
Seamanship skills apply to the safe use of different types of lifting gear, whether for cargo operations or for bringing on stores, supplies and provisions. These example
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382:
A fundamental skill of professional seamanship is being able to manoeuvre a vessel safely with accuracy and precision both at sea and also in port and during
706:, all seafarers, both deck officers and crew, must complete an Efficient Deck Hand (EDH Course) at an approved training provider under direction of the UK
186:
Seamanship involves loading cargo, calculating its effect on ship stability and ensuring it is correctly stowed and secured, such as on this car carrier.
113:; execution of evolutions such as towing; cargo handling equipment, dangerous cargoes and cargo storage; dealing with emergencies; survival at sea and
265:
location, safe navigation includes predicting future location, route planning and collision avoidance. Nautical navigation in western nations, like
1719:
698:
Officers and
Masters must pass formal examinations to demonstrate their knowledge at various levels, in accordance with national laws and the
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are the principal international rules for navigation between vessels at sea. Rule 2 sets out responsibility for safe navigation by stating
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250:, heavy lifting gear, rigging other sheer legs etc. This should include knowledge of calculations of stresses and effects on stability.
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The degree of knowledge needed within these areas is dependent upon the nature of the work and the type of vessel employed by a
236:
214:, and others), including a basic knowledge of ship recognition, a basic understanding of nautical terms, ship structure and
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550:
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511:, a pilot assumes command of a vessel and is not classed as "an advisor". Other instances may be crossing the sill of a
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seamanship. Smaller vessel types may have traditional methods of seamanships unique to their vessel types, for example
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Most commercial vessels in excess of size limits determined by local authorities are handled in confined areas by a
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is good seamanship as it ensures compliance with international, flag and port State requirements. For example, the
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Seamanship involves the correct and adequate maintenance of the ship’s structure and equipment to keep the vessel
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ordinary member of a ship's crew; their reactions will appear to be instinctive, positive and at all times safe.
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resume 'conduct' of the vessel's navigation but this is not done lightly. In some countries and areas (eg the
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70:
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235:(where a vessel turns on to its side or is upside down). This includes familiarity and application of the
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is a collection of eight documents about seafaring by Ibn Mājid al-Julfārī al-Sa‘dī, in the 15th century.
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Navigation and seamanship also involves a working knowledge of correct marine communications and the
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and sight reduction tables to determine positions. Accurate time information is also needed. After
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states that seamanship is "The skill, techniques, or practice of handling a ship or boat at sea."
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maneuvering of most vessel types is an understanding of the configuration and handedness of the
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Training is more formal in the merchant navy and naval forces, but still covers the basics of
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A key ability for a ship-handler with good seamanship is to possess an understanding of how
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352:
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97:; ship-handling and small boat handling; operation of deck equipment, anchors and cables;
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Ship-handling in coastal areas may involve arriving and departing a berth, anchorage or
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Preparation for painting on a ship with a needle gun to remove previous paint layers
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A working knowledge of the relevant rules and regulations, including those of the
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643:, an able seaman was expected to be able to "hand, and reef, and steer" and to
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International Code of
Signals, flag maintenance, the use of ensigns and also
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426:
387:
340:
298:
297:, navigation at sea referencing the horizon is no longer possible, and after
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270:
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118:
102:
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Other variations on propulsion include what are known as bucket rudders and
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2016:
1976:
1926:
1826:
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666:
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348:
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195:
94:
1941:
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90:
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Navigation on a US naval vessel in
Nigerian waters with a local pilot.
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1981:
1966:
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It involves topics and development of specialised skills, including
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1991:
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623:), as well as rigging of a stage, rigging of a bosuns ladder,
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involves a knowledge of all the different ship types (such as
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1951:
1906:
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1692:"The Benefits from Knowing the Basics and Rules of Seafaring"
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53:
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Seamanship also involves recognition of and navigation with
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Art, competence, and knowledge of operating a craft on water
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2011:
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Seamanship knowledge and experience is an integral part of
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398:
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on the planets, moon, stars, sun and using the data with a
65:
529:
International
Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea
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274:
41:
An example of a seamanship training establishment at the
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Chapman
Piloting & Seamanship, 64th edition page 48.
1532:"Apply for Navigational/Engine Room Rating Certificate"
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skills when at sea. Other emergency skills include the
1191:. London: International Maritime Organization. 2003.
926:
Duttons
Navigation and Piloting, U.S. Naval Institute
2591:
665:One other aspect of traditional good seamanship is
219:to prevent shifting while at sea. Oil tankers and
178:
Ship knowledge, ship stability and cargo operations
602:techniques and a traditional aspect of seamanship.
226:Seamanship involves paying close attention to the
2460:
471:anchor, keeping an anchor watch, clearing a foul
2623:
1441:
1439:
1437:
589:
475:, weighing anchor and securing anchors for sea.
305:involves navigating and operating a ship within
30:"Seafaring" redirects here. For other uses, see
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273:. Navigation also includes electronics such as
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246:, Union purchase arrangements, midship or aft
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1687:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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1450:. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 165-201.
1420:. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 244-260.
1189:Collision Regulations Convention (COLREGS)
1183:
1181:
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1040:
897:. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 105-149.
322:Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
1205:
1015:
990:
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1164:. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 25-57.
1068:Ship Manoeuvring Principles and Pilotage
686:to perform maintenance aboard a general
677:
593:
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482:
450:
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301:such navigation again becomes possible.
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36:
1576:Bowditch's American Practical Navigator
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401:, maneuvering in confined channels and
14:
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1415:
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658:on dinghies and small sailing boats.
1614:Royal Navy (Book of Reference) BR67.
1507:"Course Criteria for Efficient Deck"
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1021:
996:
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525:International Maritime Organization
68:, boat or other craft on water. The
43:Glasgow College of Nautical Studies
24:
728:
25:
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1665:
1635:Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 25-57.
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2414:
1798:
145:
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682:An able-bodied seaman climbs a
1619:Seamanship: A Guide for Divers
1561:Admiralty Manual of Seamanship
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920:
911:
755:
455:Seamanship applies to general
13:
1:
2461:Seamanship (seafaring) topics
721:
590:Traditional seamanship skills
253:
1395:. 2015. pp. 1137–1154.
741:American Sailing Association
708:Merchant Navy Training Board
7:
2526:Ship-to-ship cargo transfer
1760:Fishery Protection Squadron
1272:. 2015. p. 1181-1202.
546:Maintenance and dry-docking
478:
411:Ship-to-ship cargo transfer
10:
2658:
1582:Knight's Modern Seamanship
1554:
1362:. 2015. p. 971-1040.
1216:. Wiley. p. 505-605.
1214:Knight's Modern Seamanship
1026:. Wiley. p. 617-626.
1024:Knight's Modern Seamanship
999:Knight's Modern Seamanship
830:Knight's Modern Seamanship
493:maritime (or marine) pilot
359:Ship-handling and pilotage
285:involves taking sights by
257:
135:
131:
85:and regulatory knowledge;
29:
2561:Man overboard rescue turn
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2410:
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1817:Traditional fishing boats
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1796:
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1651:Witherby Publishing Group
1596:Naval Shiphandler's Guide
1511:Witherby Publishing Group
1485:. 2015. p. 859-880.
1483:Witherby Publishing Group
1393:Witherby Publishing Group
1360:Witherby Publishing Group
1331:. 2015. p. 935-970.
1329:Witherby Publishing Group
1300:. 2015. p. 475-504.
1298:Witherby Publishing Group
1270:Witherby Publishing Group
1244:. 2015. p. 881-934.
1242:Witherby Publishing Group
1136:. 2015. p. 335-362.
1134:Witherby Publishing Group
1105:. 2015. p. 395-416.
1103:Witherby Publishing Group
1072:Witherby Publishing Group
1066:Williamson, Paul (2013).
976:. 2015. p. 513-526.
974:Witherby Publishing Group
943:Witherby Publishing Group
938:The Ice Navigation Manual
867:. 2015. p. 579-674.
865:Witherby Publishing Group
805:Witherby Publishing Group
674:Progression in seamanship
584:Man overboard rescue turn
281:(Long Range Navigation).
1745:Commercial fishing boats
636:procedure and practice.
505:United States of America
434:(s). An effect known as
1684:Encyclopædia Britannica
1647:21st Century Seamanship
1598:/ James Alden Barber —
1479:21st Century Seamanship
1389:21st Century Seamanship
1356:21st Century Seamanship
1325:21st Century Seamanship
1294:21st Century Seamanship
1266:21st Century Seamanship
1238:21st Century Seamanship
1130:21st Century Seamanship
1099:21st Century Seamanship
970:21st Century Seamanship
861:21st Century Seamanship
832:. Wiley. p. ix-x.
807:. 2015. p. 1-269.
801:21st Century Seamanship
774:Oxford University Press
611:(included tying knots,
212:platform supply vessels
2394:Builders and designers
1001:. Wiley. p. 178.
695:
603:
555:
539:
488:
379:
187:
46:
1633:Seamanship Techniques
1621:/ Kris Pedder, BSAC,
1600:Naval Institute Press
1448:Seamanship Techniques
1446:House, David (1994).
1418:Seamanship Techniques
1416:House, David (1994).
1212:Noel, John V (1991).
1162:Seamanship Techniques
1160:House, David (1994).
1022:Noel, John V (1991).
997:Noel, John V (1991).
895:Seamanship Techniques
893:House, David (1994).
828:Noel, John V (1991).
770:UK English Dictionary
681:
597:
553:
533:
486:
451:Mooring and anchoring
366:
353:Isolated danger marks
333:IALA maritime buoyage
185:
45:in the United Kingdom
40:
736:"What is Seamanship"
598:A Swedish fid, used
519:Regulatory knowledge
283:Celestial navigation
237:Load Line Convention
101:and line handling;
2642:Maritime transport
2511:Naval architecture
1678:"Seamanship"
1538:. 13 November 2017
696:
604:
577:requirements. The
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269:, is based on the
216:naval architecture
188:
157:. You can help by
81:and international
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615:, wire splicing,
175:
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115:search and rescue
93:and forecasting;
71:Oxford Dictionary
16:(Redirected from
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2616:Transport portal
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2496:Maritime studies
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2402:Philip C. Bolger
2082:Monterey clipper
1962:Friendship sloop
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1584:Wiley. p. ix-x.
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1522:
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1503:
1497:
1496:
1475:
1462:
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1385:
1374:
1373:
1352:
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1311:
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1284:
1283:
1262:
1256:
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1234:
1228:
1227:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1185:
1176:
1175:
1157:
1148:
1147:
1126:
1117:
1116:
1095:
1086:
1085:
1063:
1038:
1037:
1019:
1013:
1012:
994:
988:
987:
966:
955:
954:
952:
950:
941:(1st ed.).
933:
927:
924:
918:
915:
909:
908:
890:
879:
878:
857:
844:
843:
825:
819:
818:
797:
782:
781:
776:. Archived from
759:
753:
752:
750:
748:
732:
645:"know the ropes"
345:Safe water marks
291:nautical almanac
192:commercial level
190:Seamanship on a
170:
167:
149:
142:
138:Maritime history
21:
2657:
2656:
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2621:
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2600:
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2585:
2462:
2459:
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2406:
2388:
2365:
2314:
2276:
1867:Brixham trawler
1803:
1794:
1731:
1729:Fishing vessels
1726:
1668:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1515:
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1493:
1477:
1476:
1465:
1458:
1444:
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1428:
1414:
1410:
1403:
1387:
1386:
1377:
1370:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1323:
1322:
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1292:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1264:
1263:
1259:
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1236:
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1231:
1224:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1187:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1113:
1097:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1064:
1041:
1034:
1020:
1016:
1009:
995:
991:
984:
968:
967:
958:
948:
946:
935:
934:
930:
925:
921:
916:
912:
905:
891:
882:
875:
859:
858:
847:
840:
826:
822:
815:
799:
798:
785:
761:
760:
756:
746:
744:
734:
733:
729:
724:
700:STCW Convention
676:
639:In the days of
592:
579:STCW Convention
548:
521:
497:with good cause
481:
467:as applicable.
453:
367:Sailors aboard
361:
262:
256:
200:container ships
180:
171:
165:
162:
155:needs expansion
140:
134:
64:of operating a
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2655:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2620:
2619:
2605:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2531:Propeller walk
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:Ship stability
2513:
2508:
2506:Nautical terms
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2486:Ice navigation
2483:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2457:
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2328:
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2316:
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2312:
2307:
2305:McKenzie River
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2297:
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2278:
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2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
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2239:
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2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
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2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
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2124:
2119:
2114:
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2099:
2094:
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2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
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1733:
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1725:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1689:
1675:, ed. (1911).
1673:Chisholm, Hugh
1667:
1666:External links
1664:
1663:
1662:
1644:
1641:978-0750622035
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501:United Kingdom
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459:practices and
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436:propeller walk
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341:Cardinal marks
303:Ice navigation
267:air navigation
258:Main article:
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136:Main article:
133:
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103:communications
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1627:0-9538919-7-6
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1488:
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1481:. Edinburgh:
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983:9781856096324
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971:
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874:9781856096324
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863:. Edinburgh:
862:
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835:
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641:sailing ships
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627:work, use of
626:
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614:
613:rope splicing
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395:
393:
389:
388:Hydrodynamics
385:
377:
376:mooring lines
373:
372:
365:
356:
354:
350:
349:Special marks
346:
342:
338:
337:Lateral marks
334:
330:
325:
323:
318:
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310:
308:
304:
300:
299:nautical dawn
296:
295:nautical dusk
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
271:nautical mile
268:
261:
251:
249:
245:
240:
238:
234:
229:
224:
222:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
196:bulk carriers
193:
184:
169:
166:February 2022
160:
156:
153:This section
151:
148:
144:
143:
139:
129:
127:
122:
120:
119:fire fighting
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
75:
73:
72:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
44:
39:
33:
19:
2541:Maritime law
2481:Watchkeeping
2467:
2371:Recreational
2319:Oyster boats
1977:Herring buss
1887:Chasse-marée
1682:
1659:1-85609632-7
1646:
1632:
1618:
1613:
1595:
1581:
1574:
1560:
1540:. Retrieved
1535:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1510:
1501:
1478:
1447:
1417:
1411:
1388:
1355:
1324:
1293:
1288:
1265:
1260:
1237:
1232:
1213:
1207:
1188:
1161:
1129:
1098:
1067:
1023:
1017:
998:
992:
969:
947:. Retrieved
937:
931:
922:
913:
894:
860:
829:
823:
800:
778:the original
766:
763:"seamanship"
757:
745:. Retrieved
739:
730:
716:
712:
697:
667:housekeeping
664:
660:
651:
649:
638:
629:chain blocks
605:
571:
564:
557:
540:
535:
534:
522:
509:Panama Canal
496:
490:
469:
454:
444:Kort Nozzles
441:
416:
396:
392:charted area
381:
370:
326:
319:
311:
309:conditions.
263:
241:
225:
221:gas carriers
208:cruise ships
189:
163:
159:adding to it
154:
123:
95:watchkeeping
83:maritime law
76:
69:
49:
48:
2546:Dry-docking
1809:Traditional
652:traditional
567:Dry-docking
371:San Antonio
204:oil tankers
91:meteorology
2637:Navigation
2626:Categories
2581:Sea anchor
2476:Navigation
2468:Seamanship
2310:Swampscott
2300:Gloucester
2257:Well smack
2152:Peter boat
1957:Frejgatina
1770:Longliners
1737:Commercial
722:References
688:cargo ship
634:Morse code
407:Suez canal
331:including
315:Heaving to
260:Navigation
254:Navigation
79:navigation
58:competence
50:Seamanship
2576:Anchoring
2379:Bass boat
2351:Schooners
2341:Log canoe
2197:Shad boat
2172:Reed boat
2167:Pump boat
2122:Panineman
2047:Lepa-lepa
1982:Ipanitika
1967:Gableboat
1942:Fembøring
1822:Armadahan
1602:, 2005 —
692:freighter
621:whippings
560:seaworthy
461:anchoring
432:propeller
369:USS
233:capsizing
228:stability
62:knowledge
32:Seafarers
2551:Ropework
2491:Pilotage
2420:Category
2361:Skipjack
2336:Deadrise
2331:Buy-boat
2295:Cape Ann
2242:Voadeira
2212:Sneakbox
2202:Sixareen
2182:Salambaw
2137:Patorani
2112:Paduwang
2092:Nordland
2072:Mackinaw
2052:Lis-alis
1987:Jongkong
1847:Basnigan
1785:Trawlers
1750:Drifters
1653:, 2015,
1542:19 April
1516:19 April
949:July 26,
747:19 April
684:kingpost
656:turtling
617:lashings
609:ropework
600:ropework
503:and the
479:Pilotage
403:harbours
390:and the
384:pilotage
335:such as
244:Derricks
126:seafarer
99:ropework
18:Nautical
2571:Mooring
2566:Buoyage
2501:Sailing
2356:Sharpie
2162:Poveiro
2157:Pirogue
2102:Orembai
1992:Jangada
1947:Ferilla
1937:Felucca
1932:Falkuša
1912:Currach
1902:Coracle
1877:Camakau
1862:Bokkura
1790:Whalers
1780:Seiners
1555:Sources
670:falls.
513:drydock
465:drogues
457:Mooring
374:handle
307:sea ice
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