Natural burial - Knowledge

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for 10–15% of sales, and fibreglass and alternative materials such as woven fiber make up the rest. In Australia, 85–90% of coffins are solid wood and particle board. Most traditional caskets in the UK are made from chipboard covered in a thin veneer. Handles are usually plastic designed to look like brass. Chipboard requires glue to stick the wood particles together. Some glues that are used, such as those that contain formaldehyde, are feared to cause pollution when they are burned during cremation or when degrading in the ground. However, not all engineered wood products are produced using formaldehyde glues. Caskets and coffins are often manufactured using exotic and even endangered species of wood, and are designed to prevent decomposition. While there are generally no restrictions on the type of coffin used, most sites encourage the use of environmentally friendly coffins made from materials like cane, bamboo, wicker or

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microbes and oxygen can expedite the decomposition process. Each burial is covered by approximately 60 inches of soil and is undetectable to human or animal noses (with the exception of bears, which are not an issue in Texas). Countryside was incorporated as a cemetery in 1991 but several pioneers were buried on the property previously, the latest being interred in 1869. At 1 1/2 acres, thus far 300 plots have been surveyed. It is primarily a meadow, though there are some mature oak trees on the property, with plans for additional tree planting on designated plots. Cattle graze the park in season.

482:, are dedicated to this purpose. Situations that call for Jal Pravah are unwed girls, death from infectious disease, death from snakebite, children under 5 years of age, holy men, pregnant women, and people who have committed suicide. Nor are the very poor cremated due to the cost of wood. If a family cannot afford enough wood to incinerate the entire body, the remaining body parts that were not consumed by fire are set adrift in the Ganges. Rather than being an ecologically friendly practice like other natural burial methods, Jal Pravah is a notable component of 825:, AARP, and the University of Colorado. The organization established the nation's first certifiable standards for cemeteries, funeral providers, burial product manufacturers, and cremation facilities. As of 2013, there are a total of 37 burial grounds certified by the GBC in 23 states and British Columbia. A cemetery becomes certified by demonstrating compliance with stringent established standards for a given category. Conventional funeral providers in 39 states now offer the burial package approved by the GBC. 4720: 4730: 20: 919:, located in Portland, Oregon, is registered with the Green Burial Council as a "hybrid" natural burial cemetery. Rather than restricting natural burials to just one specific section, River View permits natural burial in nearly every area of the cemetery, allowing those who wish to be interred in existing family plots without an outer burial container, without embalming, or even without a casket if they choose to do so. 374:

issued a general permit under the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) that authorizes the burial of non-cremated human remains at sea. Human remains can be buried at sea as an alternate form of a natural burial under certain guidelines as per The United States Coast Guard, The United States Navy, or any civil authority charged with the responsibility for making such arrangements.

589:). Environmental certificates are offered to cemeteries, funeral homes, and product manufacturers involved in the funeral industry. These certificates would allow consumers to distinguish between the three different levels of green burial grounds and their appropriate standards. The Green Burial Council also offers information on the types of coffins, 3323:

The Natural Death Centre Charity, UK, Association of Natural Burial Grounds Registered Charity No: 1091396 @ndccharity an educational charity which sees death as a natural part of life. Founded in 1991, it is committed to supporting cultural change and is working towards a situation where all people

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Duffin Meadows Cemetery is located in Pickering, Ontario, and is attached to the original traditional cemetery. The cemetery offers natural burials for individuals who have been embalmed to eco-friendly standards, then interred using biodegradable shrouds and coffins. Grave sites will be left to grow

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and compostable materials. The pod is then deposited into the ground, where a tree is planted above it. Over the years, the body and pod decompose and enrich the soil with nutrients for the tree to intake and grow. Some architectural prototypes employing tree pod burials envision a forest park of the

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Countryside Memorial Park located near Marion, Texas southeast of San Antonio is a natural, green burial park. All burials occur at a depth of approximately 3 to 3½ feet and have a 2–3 foot mound of earth above them. This depth ensures that the nutrient layer is raised to a higher soil stratum where

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Found in Cobourg, Ontario, the Cobourg Union Cemetery is located on 20 acres of land, currently containing 3,800 burial lots. The cemetery is made up of both traditional burials with headstones and regular interment practices, as well as a green space dedicated to eco-friendly burials. Consumers are

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funerary rituals that exposes the corpse to the elements for decomposition in order to avoid contaminating soil and water with decomposing bodies. After scavenger animals consume the flesh, skeletal remains are retrieved and put into a central pit where they are allowed to break down the rest of the

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A hybrid cemetery is a conventional cemetery that offers the essential aspects of natural burial, either throughout the cemetery or in a designated section. Hybrid cemeteries can earn a certification that does not require them to use vaults. This allows for the use of any eco-friendly, biodegradable

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Jewish law forbids embalming for traditional burials, which it considers to be desecration of the body. The body is ritually washed by select members of the Jewish community, wrapped in either a linen or muslin sheet, and placed in an all-wood casket. The casket must not have any metal in it, and it

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While natural burials tend to prevent the environmental damage done by conventional techniques, some practitioners go further by using burial fees to acquire land to restore native habitat and save endangered species. Such land management techniques are called "conservation burials". In addition to

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Martinón-Torres, María; d’Errico, Francesco; Santos, Elena; Álvaro Gallo, Ana; Amano, Noel; Archer, William; Armitage, Simon J.; Arsuaga, Juan Luis; Bermúdez de Castro, José María; Blinkhorn, James; Crowther, Alison; Douka, Katerina; Dubernet, Stéphan; Faulkner, Patrick; Fernández-Colón, Pilar (May

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along with a variety of ecologically similar tree species, which the cemetery claims to keep as close to the natural ecosystem as possible. In order to be interred in Royal Oak Burial Park, embalming of the body is prohibited. The body must be kept in its natural state, which is then placed in some

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Islamic law instructs that the deceased be washed and buried with only a wrapping of white cloth. The cloth is used to preserve the dead person's dignity and to emphasize simplicity. The cloth is sometimes perfumed, but in a natural burial, no chemical preservatives or embalming fluid are used, nor

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Coffins (tapered-shoulder shape) and caskets (rectangular) are made from a variety of materials, most of them not biodegradable. 80–85% of the caskets sold for burial in North America in 2006 were made of stamped steel. Solid wood and particle board (chipboard) coffins with hardwood veneers account

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When formaldehyde is used for embalming, it breaks down, and the chemicals released into the ground after burial and ensuing decomposition are inert. The problems with the use of formaldehyde and its constituent components in natural burial are the exposure of mortuary workers to it and the killing

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Ramsey Creek Preserve is a green burial site which was established in South Carolina in 1998. This cemetery was opened to allow for burials where bodies are not embalmed or cremated, because of concern about the negative impacts that the chemicals and processes of these funeral preparation methods

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Cedar Brook Burial Ground in Limington, Maine, the first green cemetery in Maine, is located on a 150-acre tree farm thirty miles due west of Portland. Within its borders sits the rock wall-enclosed Joshua Small Cemetery, a tiny, historic graveyard whose dozen burials date back to the early 1800s.

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continue to function as green space for public parks. However, this concept of repurposing graveyards into not only more eco-friendly burial sites but areas of recreation causes controversy between those whose sole intent is to grieve and those who believe the land could be used more productively.

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regulation, aesthetics". Issues like the scarcity and high expense of real estate could possibly be mitigated by reinventing existing spaces like cemeteries, instead of developing on new land. For example, instead of replacing modern cemeteries with commercial or residential development, they can

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Eloise Woods Community Natural Burial Park was established in 2010 and is located in a wooded preserve near Cedar Creek, Texas. Burials are only permitted in areas that will not degrade the land. Some areas of the preserve are "off limits" whereas other areas are suitable for cremated remains.

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All types of natural burials – hybrid, natural, and conservation – must meet standards of "burial practice" and "customer relation" according to the GBC. More specifically, a hybrid burial ground can be certified when it forbids embalming, prohibits toxic or non-degradable chemicals in the burial

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Burial at sea or in another large body of natural water is seen as a natural burial if done in a way that benefits the environment and without formaldehyde. Some organizations specialize in natural burial at sea (in a shroud), allowing the body to decompose or be consumed by animals. The EPA has

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Although natural burials present themselves as a relatively modern concept in Western societies, they have been practiced for many years in different cultures out of "religious obligation, necessity, or tradition". For example, many Muslims perform natural burial out of a duty to their religion.

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Foxfield Preserve, adjacent to The Wilderness Center's headquarters near Wilmot, Ohio, was the first nature preserve cemetery in the US to be operated by a nonprofit conservation organization. Naturalists from The Wilderness Center have restored this formerly agricultural land to native prairie

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Prairie Creek Conservation Cemetery in Gainesville, Florida, was the state's first conservation burial ground. The 93-acre preserve is protected in partnership with local nonprofit conservation organization, Alachua Conservation Trust. The space is actively managed and being restored to diverse

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Natural burial has been practiced for thousands of years, but has been interrupted in modern times by new methods such as vaults, liners, embalming, and mausoleums that mitigate the decomposition process. In the late 19th century Sir Francis Seymour Hayden proposed "earth to earth burial" in a

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The first natural cemetery in New Zealand was established in 2008 in the capital, Wellington, as a partnership between the Wellington City Council and Natural Burials. It is the nation's biggest natural cemetery, covering approx 2 hectares, and home to 120 burials (April 2015). More natural

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New Zealand's Natural Burial organisation was started in 1999 by Mark Blackham. It is a not-for-profit organization that advocates for natural cemeteries, promotes the concept to the public, and certifies cemeteries, funeral directors and caskets for use in participating cemeteries.

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The Green Burial Society of Canada was founded in 2013 with the goal to ensure standards of certification are set for green burial practices. The society emphasizes five principles of green burial: no embalming, direct earth burial, ecological restoration and conservation, communal

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Located in Burgoyne Valley on Salt Spring Island, British Columbia, Salt Spring Island Natural Cemetery is Canada's first modern stand-alone natural burial ground that is open to the public. The cemetery is in a forested area between the ocean and the hills, where the

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Located in Victoria, British Columbia, the Royal Oak Burial Park opened the Woodlands grave site for green burial space in the cemetery since October 2008, dedicating its space to burials that allow for the natural decomposition of human remains which in turn provides

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coordinates of the location where they are buried, without using physical markers. Some natural burial sites use flat wooden plaques, or a name written on a natural rock. Many families plant trees, or other native plants near the grave to provide a living memorial.

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Kokosing Nature Preserve is a conservation burial ground located in Gambier, Ohio. A project of the Philander Chase Conservancy, Kenyon College's land trust, the preserve offers a natural burial option on twenty-three acres of restored prairies and woodlands.

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Canada offers a wide range of environmentally friendly services and alternatives to conventional funerary customs and corpse disposal practices in Canada. The Green Burial Council is an environmental certification organization for green burials practised in

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Larkspur Conservation is Tennessee's first nature preserve for natural burial. Located just outside Nashville, this conservation burial ground protects 112 acres of rare mixed-mesophytic forest and prairie in partnership with The Nature Conservancy.

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Other councils have set up small natural burial zones: Marsden Valley in 2011, Motueka in 2012, and Hamilton in 2014. Although these have all been based on the approach used by Natural Burials, they have not been certified by the organisation.

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process, and mandates natural burial advertising. The second type, natural burial grounds, must fulfill the requirements of hybrid burial grounds as well as require "site planning" and a survey of the land that stakes out important areas for

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The Meadowvale Cemetery originally opened in 1981 in Brampton, Ontario, with the green burial section of the cemetery opening in 2012. The cemetery allows for both burial and cremation as long as embalming is done without

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Due to their potential for being repurposed for public use, natural burial sites can offer many valuable services that modern methods of burial (i.e. cemeteries) do not, such as "recreation, human health and restoration,

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given information about biodegradable coffins and procedures for a green burial. Families are not allowed to place permanent markers on the grave sites other than native species of plants such as flowers and bushes.

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charity in 1994. It aims to help people to establish sites, to provide guidance to natural burial ground operators, to represent its members, and to provide a Code of Conduct for members. The NDC also publishes

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Life After Life is a nation-wide green provider based in the State of New York. They focus on habitat restoration in urban areas and power their modern memorial parks using a variety of digital technologies.

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organization independent of the funeral industry. The organization's mandate is to facilitate the creation of natural burial grounds in Ontario, which provide an environmentally-friendly option at death.

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Embalming fluid chemically changes in the act of preserving the body and is not largely present as a fluid. This figure refers to embalming fluid before it is introduced to the body.

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Circle Cemetery, located at Circle Sanctuary Nature Preserve in southwestern Wisconsin, has offered burial of cremated remains and non-embalmed bodies since 1995. It is operated by

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of the decomposer microbes necessary for breakdown of the body in the soil. Natural burial promotes the restoration of poor soil areas and allows for long-term reuse of the land.

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An increasing number of companies, such as Capsula Mundi, The Living Urn, and Coeio, are offering tree pod burials where the corpse is first stored in an egg-shaped pod made of

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Cremated remains are sometimes placed inside concrete coral reef balls, and ceremoniously placed in the sea as part of a reef ecosystem. These balls are used to repair damage to

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Penn Forest Natural Burial Park is the first Natural Burial Grounds in Pennsylvania certified by the Green Burial Council. Burial sites comprise 2.5 acres of the property.

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often has holes in the bottom to ensure that it and the cadaver rapidly decompose and return to the earth. Burial vaults are not used unless required by the cemetery. In

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is the most sacred river in Hinduism and is central to the religion's funerary traditions therefore it's the preferred river for funeral rites. The riverside city of

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Scattering the ashes of a deceased individual into a body of water is practiced in many cultures around the world and plays a part in several religions, including

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or outer burial container that would prevent the body's contact with soil. The grave should be shallow enough to allow microbial activity similar to that found in

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A natural burial grave site. It is sometimes advocated that the landscape is modified as little as possible, and in this case, only a flat stone marker was used.

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Steelmantown Cemetery is the only cemetery in the State of New Jersey certified and approved by the Green Burial Council as a Level 3 Natural Burial Ground.

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There are a number of different natural burial parks across Australia, each of them slightly different in what they offer. One of the more advanced parks is

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These decisions are based on what is best for the ecological restoration of the preserve. The total land for the preserve is less than 10 acres.

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rites. However, some circumstances do not allow for cremation so instead "Jal Pravah" is practiced – the release of the body into a river. The

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and landscape conservation. Founded in 2005, the GBC has been stewarded by individuals representing the environmental/conservation community,

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deceased, where mourning loved ones could take a stroll and honor the dead, as opposed to a more artificially constructed graveyard.

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practices, natural burials have been discussed in various Canadian news outlets. Some debate still exists around what makes certain

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saw the popularity of burial rise over cremation. Truly natural burials also include the burial of bodies within tree roots in the

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was founded in 2004 and has been providing natural burial services since 2006. The preserve, located on the top of Irish Hill in

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practices eco-friendly and how cemeteries justify these claims as no government-imposed standard or definition currently exist.

3145: 916: 881: 3770: 3734: 1429: 3704: 833: 4759: 4006: 2721: 1498: 3354:, a Canadian website on the pan-death movement and death midwifery, including resources in Canada, the US, and elsewhere 2809: 1534: 3739: 2142: 3199: 2117: 1516: 668: 160:. As for conservation burial grounds, restoration of at least two to four hectares of land and an official draft of a 3714: 3213: 3056: 997:

explores natural burial, primarily through the lens of one terminally ill North Carolina man's decision to have one.

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While less environmentally friendly, an alternative design of the pod offers to contain ashes instead of the body.

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Duck Run Cemetery, in Rockingham County outside Harrisonburg, is the first natural burial cemetery in Virginia.

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Natural burial grounds employ a variety of methods of memorialization. Families that bury their loved ones in

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The Green Burial Council (GBC) is an independent, tax-exempt, nonprofit organization that aims to encourage

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There is no legal requirements for using a coffin in the UK and a body can be buried in a cloth if desired.

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The Green Burial Council, an independent, nonprofit organization operating in the US, Canada, and Australia

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Kelly, Suzanne (2012). "Dead Bodies that Matter: Toward a New Ecology of Human Death in American Culture".

1611: 2656: 1548: 550:. All burials are required to follow the regulations set forth by their respective provincial government. 3724: 1237:

Coutts, Christopher; Basmajian, Carlton; Sehee, Joseph; Kelty, Sarah; Williams, Patrice C. (2018-10-01).

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ecosystem is restored and protected, and graves are marked with memorial stones gathered from the land.

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in a burial known as sky burial. This is seen as being good to the environment as well as good karma in

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Interring bodies above ground level by means of a tree or scaffolding was once a common practice among

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Connecticut Green Burial Grounds Foundation, a not-for-profit organization promoting green cemeteries.

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in 2012. and Marlborough in 2014. As of 2024 there are 20 natural burial sites across the country.

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The first woodland burial ground in the UK was created in 1993 at Carlisle Cemetery and is called

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Others, like those in African countries, bury naturally because they cannot afford the cost of

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Natural burial grounds have been used throughout human history and are used in many countries.

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McNeill, Hinematau Naomi; Linda Buckley, Hannah; Marunui Iki Pouwhare, Robert (2022-02-11).

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cemeteries have since been set up by between Natural Burials and the council authorities in

4599: 4452: 4341: 4303: 4293: 4059: 3426: 2214: 1995: 1340: 1140: 1095:"Conservation from the Grave: Human Burials to Fund the Conservation of Threatened Species" 195: 47: 1853: 8: 4769: 4659: 4524: 3824: 3565: 3545: 3525: 3488: 3377: 2520: 1587: 1403: 640: 239: 191: 104: 61: 2893: 2863:"Decolonizing Indigenous Burial Practices in Aotearoa, New Zealand: A Tribal Case Study" 4705: 4609: 4549: 4509: 4457: 4389: 4361: 4273: 4227: 3819: 3451: 3421: 3335:

Grave Matters: A Journey Through the Modern Funeral Industry to a Natural Way of Burial

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grasses and wildflowers. A section has also been reforested in native hardwood trees.

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is there a burial vault, coffin or casket. Islamic law does not require any of these.

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is the center of this practice where massive religious sites along the Ganges, like

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The Green Burial Council (GBC) identifies three types of natural burial cemeteries:

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8 Billion Trees: Carbon Offset Projects & Ecological Footprint Calculators

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Most of the 32-acre (130,000 m) Fernwood Burial Ground, adjacent to the

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projects, others have proposed alternative natural uses of the land such as

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CINDEA – Canadian Integrative Network for Death Education and Alternatives

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or other harsh chemicals. They also ensure that remains are placed into a

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Each year, 22,500 cemeteries across the United States bury approximately:

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in the Varanasi region because of the high number of bodies involved.

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in Peru, and burying the deceased in the Tanzanian bush. According to

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over naturally, meaning grass will not be mowed and the placement of

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The Association of Natural Burial Grounds (ANBG) was established by

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may have on the environment—which is why it is considered "green".

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Larkspur Conservation: Tennessee's Conservation and Natural Burial

2569:"GTA's first natural burial site opens in Brampton | Toronto Star" 2167:"Biodegradable burial pods will turn you into a tree when you die" 4681: 4321: 4288: 4133: 4081: 3842: 3780: 3593: 3473: 3031:"A return to the earth: Newfield's Greensprings Natural Cemetery" 2958: 2423: 2354: 2190: 1657:"The Association of Natural Burial Grounds (UK) official website" 558: 209: 31: 3324:

are empowered in the process of dying, and organising a funeral.

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Alternatives to ground burials include burial in a coral reef,

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visiting the Meadowvale Cemetery in Brampton, Ontario, in 2013

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honored the dead in environmentally responsible ways. In the

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http://www.wellington.govt.nz/news/display-item.php?id=3217

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Toward the end of its final season in 2005, the HBO series

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in the interment industry and to use burial as a means of

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Much of Maori culture is defined by a respect and duty to

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Long before natural burials became a marketable service,

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burial container such as a shroud or a soft wood casket.

177: 3362: 2118:"Simple green burials create serene final resting spots" 1636:"Covid-19: India's holiest river is swollen with bodies" 1588:"Guide to Green Burial – A Natural Approach to Funerals" 1404:"Guide to Green Burial – A Natural Approach to Funerals" 542:, green burials are treated the same way as traditional 275:, Jews are buried without a casket, in just the shroud. 2847: 791:. As a result of European colonization, the process of 652:

are not used, but rather families are given options to

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has its own resources and regulations for handling the

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Funeral and Cremation Services Council of Saskatchewan

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Eco-friendly funeral practices in Canada can include:

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pamphlet of the same name, as an alternative to both

3214:"Labels don't tell all at Countryside Memorial Park" 1139:

Quinton, Jessica M.; Duinker, Peter N. (June 2019).

117:, the earliest known human burial dates back to the 3350: 2722:"Natural burial plots available | Stuff.co.nz" 780:site. These practices had died out by around 1900. 2951: 2020:"Statutes and Regulations | Government of Nunavut" 1468:Bamboo Coffins "Coffin-maker resurrects tradition" 3133: 1854:"Act and Regulations | Funeral Board of Manitoba" 1676: 1380:"Germany's Tired Graveyards: A Rotten Way to Go?" 1134: 1132: 1130: 1093:Holden, Matthew H.; McDonald-Madden, Eve (2018). 4746: 2191:"Green Burial Council | Certifying green burial" 1274: 1272: 1232: 1230: 604:The Natural Burial Association is a volunteer, 300: 68:that break the body down. It may be buried in a 3074: 2743:"Natural burial site opened | Stuff.co.nz" 1993: 1780:"Cremation, Interment and Funeral Services Act" 462:. Cremation is the traditional manner of Hindu 184: 2215:"What is green burial? | Green Burial Council" 1138: 1127: 210:Environmental issues with conventional burials 129:and the slow putrefaction of encased corpses. 64:, which are designed to inhibit the microbial 3378: 2473:"History of Union Cemetery, Cobourg, Ontario" 1705:"Five laws about the dead that may spook you" 1269: 1227: 262:. A weight bearing shroud is another option. 3057:"Greensprings Cemetery celebrates 15 years" 2617:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2239:"Certified Products | Green Burial Council" 892:'s Arnot Forest and Newfield State Forest. 792: 775: 769: 755: 546:, as embalming is not legally required for 3385: 3371: 2912:. steelmantowncemetery.com. Archived from 2681:"Natural cemetery promises 'regeneration'" 2497:"Eco Burials – Frequently asked Questions" 1851: 1605: 1603: 1601: 1491: 697: 53:The body may be prepared without chemical 3407: 2892: 2874: 2592: 2042: 1549:"What Happens when You're Buried at Sea?" 1204: 1110: 1070: 3139: 3028: 2980:"Greensprings Natural Cemetery Preserve" 2836:. Hamilton Park Cemetery. Archived from 1711:. Queen's University Belfast. 2016-12-21 1377: 667: 625: 18: 3005:"Greensprings – Renew, Sustain, Endure" 3002: 2424:"Green Burial at Royal Oak Burial Park" 2143:"How Your Death Affects Climate Change" 1802: 1609: 1598: 1499:"#nocoffin: the natural death movement" 1191:(7857) (published 2021-05-21): 95–100. 1181:"Earliest known human burial in Africa" 843:Purissima Cemetery is a natural burial 707:and other markers will not be allowed. 445:is a raised circular structure used in 4747: 3290: 3054: 2984:Greensprings Natural Cemetery Preserve 2802: 2735: 2069:"The green final frontier: eco-burial" 1561: 1363:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 1049: 882:Greensprings Natural Cemetery Preserve 680: 265: 249:, which usually includes formaldehyde. 156:. Natural burial grounds also need a 3735:List of ways people dishonor the dead 3366: 3165: 3029:Lawrence, Steve (November 27, 2019). 2935:"Prairie Creek Conservation Cemetery" 2714: 2355:"Salt Spring Island Natural Cemetery" 2140: 1803:Alberta, Government of (2008-05-29). 1451:"Eco-Afterlife: Green Burial Options" 988:prominently featured natural burial. 3170:. 35, 1: 35–51 – via ProQuest. 2907: 2764:"Marlborough's First Natural Burial" 1470:, from BBC Business News, 2001-12-28 1088: 1086: 1084: 1082: 834:Golden Gate National Recreation Area 601:, and the optimization of land use. 3003:Leopold, Lynn (November 13, 2017). 2939:Prairie Creek Conservation Cemetery 2115: 1944: 1922:"Cemetery and Funeral Services Act" 1709:QPol – Policy Engagement at Queen's 613:Salt Spring Island Natural Cemetery 553:With growing interest in promoting 436: 13: 3740:List of ways people honor the dead 3250:"Eloise Woods Natural Burial Park" 3232:"Eloise Woods Natural Burial Park" 2867:OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 2831:"Forest Grove Natural Burial Area" 2449:"Union Cemetery, Cobourg, Ontario" 1679:"The History of Carlisle Cemetery" 1592:Lincoln Heritage Funeral Advantage 1408:Lincoln heritage funeral advantage 386: 167: 42:in a manner that does not inhibit 14: 4786: 3771:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality 3316: 2043:Slaughter, Graham (26 May 2014). 1610:Kilgore, Georgette (2021-12-03). 1255:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.022 1079: 659: 648:container or shroud. Traditional 494: 4728: 4719: 4718: 3346:, a documentary on green burials 800: 362: 351:, a person's remains are fed to 4729: 3284: 3260: 3242: 3224: 3206: 3188: 3174: 3168:The Journal of American Culture 3159: 3115: 3094: 3055:Shipos, Cathy (April 7, 2021). 3048: 3022: 2996: 2972: 2927: 2901: 2823: 2774: 2756: 2699: 2687: 2673: 2649: 2625: 2586: 2561: 2537: 2513: 2489: 2465: 2441: 2416: 2391: 2367: 2347: 2327: 2303: 2279: 2255: 2231: 2207: 2183: 2159: 2134: 2109: 2085: 2061: 2036: 2012: 1987: 1963: 1938: 1914: 1894: 1870: 1845: 1821: 1796: 1772: 1747: 1723: 1697: 1670: 1649: 1628: 1580: 1555: 1541: 1527: 1509: 1473: 1461: 1443: 1414: 1396: 1371: 1326: 977: 453: 282: 225:82,000 kg of steel caskets 2782:"Certified Natural Cemeteries" 2315:Green Burial Society of Canada 2291:Green Burial Society of Canada 2267:Green Burial Society of Canada 2097:Green Burial Society of Canada 1378:Thadeusz, Frank (2008-01-07). 1317: 1308: 1290: 1171: 1043: 730: 402: 320: 228:12,700 kg of steel vaults 1: 3791:Maternal mortality in fiction 2812:. stuff.co.nz. 27 August 2012 2141:Spade, Katrina (2014-12-03). 1037: 858:prairie and hardwood forest. 332: 301:Alternative methods of burial 164:are additional requirements. 3705:Expressions related to death 3658:Medical declaration of death 2724:. stuff.co.nz. 13 April 2011 2661:www.lakemacquariecrem.com.au 2335:"Natural Burial Association" 1809:www.servicealberta.gov.ab.ca 1428:. 2015-11-09. Archived from 1243:Landscape and Urban Planning 710: 656:natural boulders or plants. 489: 231:2,500 kg of copper and 185:Environmental considerations 7: 3725:Preventable causes of death 2959:"Cedar Brook Burial Ground" 1755:"Law Document English View" 1000: 768:natural burials are called 147:Conservation burial grounds 79:. The grave does not use a 10: 4791: 4760:Sustainable urban planning 3123:"Kokosing Nature Preserve" 2745:. stuff.co.nz. 30 May 2012 2657:"Natural Memorial Reserve" 2637:www.mountpleasantgroup.com 2549:www.mountpleasantgroup.com 2525:www.mountpleasantgroup.com 1947:"Statutes and Regulations" 1852:Administration, Board of. 1197:10.1038/s41586-021-03457-8 506:The Natural Death Handbook 406: 366: 336: 93: 46:but allows the body to be 4714: 4440: 4370: 4256: 4210: 4092:Consciousness after death 4072: 4015: 3960: 3902: 3851: 3840: 3833: 3748: 3685: 3579: 3400: 3392: 2876:10.1177/00302228211070153 2633:"Duffin Meadows Cemetery" 2599:www.naturalburialassoc.ca 1951:www.princeedwardisland.ca 1945:Toolkit, Web Experience. 1562:US EPA, OW (2015-07-28). 1059:Berkeley Planning Journal 823:The Trust for Public Land 521: 466:which takes place during 377: 57:or disinfectants such as 4493:Personification of death 3715:People by cause of death 3338:, a book on green burial 2961:. mainegreencemetery.com 756:Māori funeral traditions 501:The Natural Death Centre 421:, and certain tribes of 313:, hybrid cemeteries and 132: 30:is the interment of the 4570:Death-positive movement 4415:Post-mortem photography 3695:Causes of death by rate 3623:Death by natural causes 2706:Wellington City Council 2375:"Royal Oak Burial Park" 1677:Carlisle City Council. 698:Duffin Meadows Cemetery 672:South Korean President 484:pollution in the Ganges 200:sustainable agriculture 4765:Ecological restoration 4605:Fascination with death 4243:Reincarnation research 4238:Out-of-body experience 3700:Notable deaths by year 3541:Immunogenic cell death 3457:Temporal lobe necrosis 3218:Green Burial Naturally 2311:"What is Green Burial" 2243:greenburialcouncil.org 2219:greenburialcouncil.org 2195:greenburialcouncil.org 1882:legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca 1535:"How Sky Burial Works" 1455:scientificamerican.com 819:The Nature Conservancy 815:consumer organizations 811:ecological restoration 793: 776: 770: 719:Memorial Park, on the 677: 639:. The area has native 144:Natural burial grounds 24: 4410:Post-mortem chemistry 4223:Near-death experience 4119:Desecration of graves 4055:Postmortem caloricity 4020:Beating heart cadaver 3464:Programmed cell death 3432:Liquefactive necrosis 3142:"River View Cemetery" 2428:Royal Oak Burial Park 2403:Royal Oak Burial Park 2379:Royal Oak Burial Park 1994:Government of Yukon. 1145:Environmental Reviews 671: 626:Royal Oak Burial Park 576:Green/natural burials 530:and territory within 290:stormwater management 238:1,484,000 kg of 162:conservation easement 141:Hybrid burial grounds 22: 4600:Festival of the Dead 4498:Dying-and-rising god 4453:Chinese burial money 4342:Prohibition of dying 4294:Death-qualified jury 4060:Post-mortem interval 3720:Premature obituaries 3427:Coagulative necrosis 3343:A Will for the Woods 2910:"Purissima Cemetery" 2477:www.cobourgunion.com 1302:memorialplanning.com 1157:10.1139/er-2018-0060 1099:Conservation Letters 994:A Will for the Woods 635:for the surrounding 196:habitat conservation 4660:Philosophy of death 4525:Death from laughter 3825:Perinatal mortality 3566:Mitotic catastrophe 3546:Ischemic cell death 3489:Intrinsic apoptosis 3437:Gangrenous necrosis 3146:River View Cemetery 3102:"Foxfield Preserve" 2869:: 003022282110701. 2768:marlborough.govt.nz 1485:thelinknewspaper.ca 1481:"Dying Sustainably" 1072:10.5070/bp325111923 974:, a Wiccan church. 917:River View Cemetery 681:Meadowvale Cemetery 641:Coastal Douglas Fir 620:Coastal Douglas Fir 513:The Woodland Burial 266:Religious practices 240:reinforced concrete 192:restoration ecology 105:cultural revolution 4706:Thanatosensitivity 4610:Hierarchy of death 4550:Death notification 4458:Coins for the dead 4390:Forensic pathology 4274:Capital punishment 4228:Near-death studies 3820:Mortality salience 3452:Fibrinoid necrosis 3422:Avascular necrosis 2683:. 31 January 2009. 2073:The Globe and Mail 1975:www.assembly.nl.ca 1112:10.1111/conl.12421 1050:Harker, A (2012). 890:Cornell University 886:Newfield, New York 705:artificial flowers 678: 536:disposal of a body 423:indigenous peoples 48:naturally recycled 25: 4742: 4741: 4478:Death anniversary 4473:Death and culture 4317:Dying declaration 4299:Death certificate 4206: 4205: 4068: 4067: 3920:Neuropreservation 3710:Natural disasters 3681: 3680: 3293:"Circle Cemetery" 3202:on April 5, 2022. 3182:"Park Guidelines" 3082:"Life After Life" 2501:www.ecoburials.ca 1426:plasticstoday.com 991:2014 documentary 847:located south of 343:In some parts of 109:Amazon rainforest 4782: 4732: 4731: 4722: 4721: 4702: 4687:Assisted suicide 4585:Death trajectory 4400:Mortuary science 4395:Funeral director 4386: 4352:Suspicious death 4124:Eternal oblivion 3910:Cryopreservation 3849: 3848: 3838: 3837: 3776:Infant mortality 3766:Excess mortality 3668:Terminal illness 3653:Lazarus syndrome 3638:End-of-life care 3589:Accidental death 3442:Caseous necrosis 3405: 3404: 3387: 3380: 3373: 3364: 3363: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3297:Circle Sanctuary 3288: 3282: 3281: 3279: 3278: 3264: 3258: 3257: 3246: 3240: 3239: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3210: 3204: 3203: 3196:"BEALL CEMETERY" 3192: 3186: 3185: 3178: 3172: 3171: 3163: 3157: 3156: 3154: 3152: 3137: 3131: 3130: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3098: 3092: 3091: 3089: 3088: 3078: 3072: 3071: 3069: 3067: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3026: 3020: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2990: 2976: 2970: 2969: 2967: 2966: 2955: 2949: 2948: 2946: 2945: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2921: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2896: 2878: 2858: 2845: 2844: 2843:on Feb 20, 2020. 2842: 2835: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2818: 2817: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2798: 2797: 2788:, archived from 2778: 2772: 2771: 2760: 2754: 2753: 2751: 2750: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2730: 2729: 2718: 2712: 2703: 2697: 2691: 2685: 2684: 2677: 2671: 2670: 2668: 2667: 2653: 2647: 2646: 2644: 2643: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2616: 2608: 2606: 2605: 2590: 2584: 2583: 2581: 2580: 2573:The Toronto Star 2565: 2559: 2558: 2556: 2555: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2532: 2531: 2517: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2507: 2493: 2487: 2486: 2484: 2483: 2469: 2463: 2462: 2460: 2459: 2453:cobourgunion.com 2445: 2439: 2438: 2436: 2435: 2420: 2414: 2413: 2411: 2410: 2395: 2389: 2388: 2386: 2385: 2371: 2365: 2364: 2362: 2361: 2351: 2345: 2344: 2342: 2341: 2331: 2325: 2324: 2322: 2321: 2307: 2301: 2300: 2298: 2297: 2287:"About the GBSC" 2283: 2277: 2276: 2274: 2273: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2249: 2235: 2229: 2228: 2226: 2225: 2211: 2205: 2204: 2202: 2201: 2187: 2181: 2180: 2178: 2177: 2163: 2157: 2156: 2154: 2153: 2138: 2132: 2131: 2129: 2128: 2116:Togneri, Chris. 2113: 2107: 2106: 2104: 2103: 2089: 2083: 2082: 2080: 2079: 2065: 2059: 2058: 2056: 2055: 2049:The Toronto Star 2040: 2034: 2033: 2031: 2030: 2016: 2010: 2009: 2007: 2006: 1991: 1985: 1984: 1982: 1981: 1967: 1961: 1960: 1958: 1957: 1942: 1936: 1935: 1933: 1932: 1926:nslegislature.ca 1918: 1912: 1911: 1909: 1908: 1898: 1892: 1891: 1889: 1888: 1874: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1864: 1849: 1843: 1842: 1840: 1839: 1825: 1819: 1818: 1816: 1815: 1805:"Cemeteries Act" 1800: 1794: 1793: 1791: 1790: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1767: 1766: 1751: 1745: 1744: 1742: 1741: 1727: 1721: 1720: 1718: 1716: 1701: 1695: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1681:. Archived from 1674: 1668: 1667: 1665: 1664: 1653: 1647: 1646: 1644: 1643: 1632: 1626: 1625: 1623: 1622: 1607: 1596: 1595: 1584: 1578: 1577: 1575: 1574: 1559: 1553: 1552: 1545: 1539: 1538: 1531: 1525: 1524: 1513: 1507: 1506: 1495: 1489: 1488: 1477: 1471: 1465: 1459: 1458: 1447: 1441: 1440: 1438: 1437: 1422:"Plastics Today" 1418: 1412: 1411: 1400: 1394: 1393: 1391: 1390: 1375: 1369: 1368: 1362: 1354: 1352: 1351: 1345: 1339:. Archived from 1338: 1330: 1324: 1321: 1315: 1312: 1306: 1305: 1294: 1288: 1287: 1276: 1267: 1266: 1234: 1225: 1224: 1222: 1221: 1208: 1175: 1169: 1168: 1136: 1125: 1124: 1114: 1090: 1077: 1076: 1074: 1056: 1047: 972:Circle Sanctuary 796: 779: 773: 585:(Canada and the 540:British Columbia 480:Manikarnika Ghat 464:final deposition 443:Tower of Silence 437:Tower of Silence 315:human composting 174:nature preserves 158:deed restriction 119:Middle Stone Age 103:. In China, the 16:Method of burial 4790: 4789: 4785: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4780: 4779: 4745: 4744: 4743: 4738: 4710: 4696: 4640:Museum of Death 4590:Dignified death 4545:Death messenger 4520:Death education 4436: 4380: 4366: 4304:Declared death 4252: 4202: 4159:Online mourning 4064: 4030:Cadaveric spasm 4011: 3956: 3898: 3889:Skeletonization 3829: 3761:Child mortality 3756:Birthday effect 3744: 3677: 3673:Unnatural death 3604:Brainstem death 3575: 3514:Pseudoapoptosis 3396: 3391: 3319: 3313: 3311: 3301: 3299: 3289: 3285: 3276: 3274: 3266: 3265: 3261: 3254:eloisewoods.com 3248: 3247: 3243: 3236:eloisewoods.com 3230: 3229: 3225: 3220:. 21 July 2017. 3212: 3211: 3207: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3180: 3179: 3175: 3164: 3160: 3150: 3148: 3138: 3134: 3121: 3120: 3116: 3106: 3104: 3100: 3099: 3095: 3086: 3084: 3080: 3079: 3075: 3065: 3063: 3061:Tompkins Weekly 3053: 3049: 3039: 3037: 3027: 3023: 3013: 3011: 3009:Tompkins Weekly 3001: 2997: 2988: 2986: 2978: 2977: 2973: 2964: 2962: 2957: 2956: 2952: 2943: 2941: 2933: 2932: 2928: 2919: 2917: 2906: 2902: 2859: 2848: 2840: 2833: 2829: 2828: 2824: 2815: 2813: 2808: 2807: 2803: 2795: 2793: 2786:Natural Burials 2780: 2779: 2775: 2762: 2761: 2757: 2748: 2746: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2727: 2725: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2704: 2700: 2694:Natural Burials 2692: 2688: 2679: 2678: 2674: 2665: 2663: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2641: 2639: 2631: 2630: 2626: 2610: 2609: 2603: 2601: 2593:www.site5.com. 2591: 2587: 2578: 2576: 2567: 2566: 2562: 2553: 2551: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2529: 2527: 2521:"Our Locations" 2519: 2518: 2514: 2505: 2503: 2495: 2494: 2490: 2481: 2479: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2457: 2455: 2447: 2446: 2442: 2433: 2431: 2422: 2421: 2417: 2408: 2406: 2399:"Park Features" 2397: 2396: 2392: 2383: 2381: 2373: 2372: 2368: 2359: 2357: 2353: 2352: 2348: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2332: 2328: 2319: 2317: 2309: 2308: 2304: 2295: 2293: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2271: 2269: 2261: 2260: 2256: 2247: 2245: 2237: 2236: 2232: 2223: 2221: 2213: 2212: 2208: 2199: 2197: 2189: 2188: 2184: 2175: 2173: 2165: 2164: 2160: 2151: 2149: 2147:Huffington Post 2139: 2135: 2126: 2124: 2114: 2110: 2101: 2099: 2091: 2090: 2086: 2077: 2075: 2067: 2066: 2062: 2053: 2051: 2041: 2037: 2028: 2026: 2018: 2017: 2013: 2004: 2002: 1992: 1988: 1979: 1977: 1969: 1968: 1964: 1955: 1953: 1943: 1939: 1930: 1928: 1920: 1919: 1915: 1906: 1904: 1900: 1899: 1895: 1886: 1884: 1876: 1875: 1871: 1862: 1860: 1850: 1846: 1837: 1835: 1827: 1826: 1822: 1813: 1811: 1801: 1797: 1788: 1786: 1778: 1777: 1773: 1764: 1762: 1753: 1752: 1748: 1739: 1737: 1729: 1728: 1724: 1714: 1712: 1703: 1702: 1698: 1688: 1686: 1685:on 10 June 2015 1675: 1671: 1662: 1660: 1655: 1654: 1650: 1641: 1639: 1634: 1633: 1629: 1620: 1618: 1608: 1599: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1572: 1570: 1564:"Burial at Sea" 1560: 1556: 1547: 1546: 1542: 1533: 1532: 1528: 1521:Huffington Post 1515: 1514: 1510: 1497: 1496: 1492: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1466: 1462: 1449: 1448: 1444: 1435: 1433: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1402: 1401: 1397: 1388: 1386: 1376: 1372: 1356: 1355: 1349: 1347: 1343: 1336: 1334:"Archived copy" 1332: 1331: 1327: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1309: 1296: 1295: 1291: 1278: 1277: 1270: 1235: 1228: 1219: 1217: 1176: 1172: 1137: 1128: 1091: 1080: 1054: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1003: 980: 969: 962: 954: 942: 934: 926: 915: 903: 872: 864: 831: 803: 758: 733: 725:New South Wales 713: 700: 683: 662: 628: 615: 599:memorialization 524: 497: 492: 456: 439: 411: 405: 389: 387:Tree pod burial 380: 371: 365: 341: 335: 323: 303: 285: 268: 247:embalming fluid 212: 187: 176:can record the 170: 168:Memorialization 135: 96: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4788: 4778: 4777: 4775:Biodegradation 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4736: 4726: 4715: 4712: 4711: 4709: 4708: 4703: 4691: 4690: 4689: 4679: 4678: 4677: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4506: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4448:Apparent death 4444: 4442: 4438: 4437: 4435: 4434: 4429: 4428: 4427: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4374: 4372: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4279:Cause of death 4276: 4271: 4269:Administration 4266: 4260: 4258: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4214: 4212: 4208: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4201: 4200: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4184: 4183: 4178: 4168: 4163: 4162: 4161: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4105: 4104: 4099: 4089: 4084: 4078: 4076: 4070: 4069: 4066: 4065: 4063: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4040:Death erection 4037: 4032: 4027: 4022: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4010: 4009: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3983: 3982: 3977: 3975:Natural burial 3966: 3964: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3923: 3922: 3917: 3906: 3904: 3900: 3899: 3897: 3896: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3855: 3853: 3846: 3835: 3831: 3830: 3828: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3816: 3815: 3808:Mortality rate 3805: 3800: 3793: 3788: 3786:Maternal death 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3752: 3750: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3742: 3737: 3732: 3730:Unusual deaths 3727: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3691: 3689: 3683: 3682: 3679: 3678: 3676: 3675: 3670: 3665: 3663:Organ donation 3660: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3619: 3618: 3611:Clinical death 3608: 3607: 3606: 3596: 3591: 3586: 3580: 3577: 3576: 3574: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3522: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3476: 3471: 3461: 3460: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3413: 3411: 3402: 3398: 3397: 3390: 3389: 3382: 3375: 3367: 3361: 3360: 3355: 3347: 3339: 3331: 3326: 3318: 3317:External links 3315: 3310: 3309: 3283: 3259: 3241: 3223: 3205: 3187: 3173: 3158: 3140:Jessica Repp. 3132: 3127:www.kenyon.edu 3114: 3093: 3073: 3047: 3021: 2995: 2971: 2950: 2926: 2900: 2846: 2822: 2801: 2773: 2755: 2734: 2713: 2698: 2686: 2672: 2648: 2624: 2585: 2575:. 10 June 2012 2560: 2545:"General FAQs" 2536: 2512: 2488: 2464: 2440: 2415: 2390: 2366: 2346: 2326: 2302: 2278: 2254: 2230: 2206: 2182: 2158: 2133: 2108: 2084: 2060: 2035: 2011: 1986: 1962: 1937: 1913: 1893: 1869: 1844: 1820: 1795: 1771: 1746: 1722: 1696: 1669: 1648: 1627: 1597: 1579: 1554: 1540: 1526: 1508: 1490: 1472: 1460: 1442: 1413: 1395: 1384:Spiegel Online 1370: 1325: 1316: 1307: 1289: 1284:GazetteNet.com 1268: 1226: 1170: 1151:(2): 252–262. 1126: 1078: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1017:Islamic burial 1014: 1009: 1002: 999: 985:Six Feet Under 979: 976: 931:South Carolina 851:, California. 807:sustainability 802: 799: 771:urupā tautaiao 766:Māori language 757: 754: 732: 729: 717:Lake Macquarie 712: 709: 699: 696: 682: 679: 661: 660:Union Cemetery 658: 627: 624: 614: 611: 578: 577: 574: 571: 523: 520: 496: 495:United Kingdom 493: 491: 488: 455: 452: 438: 435: 407:Main article: 404: 401: 388: 385: 379: 376: 367:Main article: 364: 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4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4445: 4443: 4439: 4433: 4430: 4426: 4425:Biostratinomy 4423: 4422: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4384: 4379: 4376: 4375: 4373: 4369: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4337:Necropolitics 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4307: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4261: 4259: 4255: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4209: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4174: 4173: 4172: 4171:Reincarnation 4169: 4167: 4164: 4160: 4157: 4156: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4094: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4074:Other aspects 4071: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 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29, 3036: 3032: 3025: 3014:September 29, 3010: 3006: 2999: 2985: 2981: 2975: 2960: 2954: 2940: 2936: 2930: 2916:on 2022-09-07 2915: 2911: 2904: 2895: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2857: 2855: 2853: 2851: 2839: 2832: 2826: 2811: 2805: 2792:on 2023-11-29 2791: 2787: 2783: 2777: 2769: 2765: 2759: 2744: 2738: 2723: 2717: 2711: 2707: 2702: 2696:, New Zealand 2695: 2690: 2682: 2676: 2662: 2658: 2652: 2638: 2634: 2628: 2620: 2614: 2600: 2596: 2589: 2574: 2570: 2564: 2550: 2546: 2540: 2526: 2522: 2516: 2502: 2498: 2492: 2478: 2474: 2468: 2454: 2450: 2444: 2429: 2425: 2419: 2404: 2400: 2394: 2380: 2376: 2370: 2356: 2350: 2336: 2330: 2316: 2312: 2306: 2292: 2288: 2282: 2268: 2264: 2258: 2244: 2240: 2234: 2220: 2216: 2210: 2196: 2192: 2186: 2172: 2168: 2162: 2148: 2144: 2137: 2123: 2119: 2112: 2098: 2094: 2088: 2074: 2070: 2064: 2050: 2046: 2039: 2025: 2024:www.gov.nu.ca 2021: 2015: 2001: 2000:www.gov.yk.ca 1997: 1990: 1976: 1972: 1966: 1952: 1948: 1941: 1927: 1923: 1917: 1903: 1897: 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