750:
151:
2152:
4038:
2091:
4050:
4026:
35:
4014:
2103:
3378:
3299:
3178:
3109:
3072:
3035:
2934:
2897:
2796:
2759:
2722:
2685:
2273:(UDI). He had already joined the UDI group in the National Assembly in June 2012. But on 10 September, the CNIP was expelled from the UDI after Gilles Bourdouleix had declared the "Maybe Hitler hadn't killed enough
648:
in
Algeria, disliked his interventionist economic policies, criticized the euroscepticism of De Gaulle and opposed the growing "presidentialisation" of the regime. On October 5, 1962, 107 CNIP deputies
516:
The Centre
National des Indépendants was founded in January 1949 with the aim of uniting centre-right and right-wing parliamentarians, dispersed between a plethora of parties such as the
3538:
3700:
3470:
2868:
2836:
2804:
2767:
691:
The party has never regained its former strength and became a marginal conservative group. In the 1980s, it attempted to serve as a 'bridge' between the parliamentary right (
3634:
3532:
3526:
3386:
3080:
3043:
3481:
3550:
3418:
3149:
3117:
2236:
485:, its importance has decreased significantly. The party has mostly run as a minor ally of larger centre-right parties. The CNI and its predecessors have been
99:
3657:
71:
2195:
3835:
3493:
56:
49:
3514:
3344:
3006:
78:
3487:
3265:
2905:
2133:
1420:
2222:
4090:
1322:
85:
3520:
1372:
527:
3730:
658:
2239:, who wanted the party to keep its conservative orientation while Bourdouleix has sought to reposition the CNIP towards the centre-right.
3394:
3352:
3315:
3273:
3236:
2243:
67:
1624:
2781:
3960:
2269:
On
September 19, 2012, Bourdouleix - the party's only remaining deputy - announced that the CNIP was joining Borloo's centre-right
585:
3718:
4070:
3828:
2229:, who took the reins of the party in 2009, announced in 2011 that his party was negotiating an alliance with Borloo's centrist
1402:
1213:
4080:
4075:
2850:
2818:
2075:
707:, CNIP members appeared on RPR-UDF lists but it won three seats through local alliances with the FN in some departments. In
4100:
3917:
2126:
1542:
92:
3945:
3845:
2270:
1835:
1507:
1143:
455:
416:
581:
in 1954, and it remained in opposition for most of the last two years of the Fourth
Republic after the 1956 elections.
17:
3821:
3678:, tome 2, "L'expansion et l'impuissance", Nouvelle histoire de la France contemporaine n°16, Seuil, Paris, 1983, p.90
2567:
2544:
2517:
2490:
2467:
2444:
2421:
2394:
2371:
2344:
2297:
2285:
1717:
661:
on the election of the president by universal suffrage. However, the CNIP cabinet ministers, led by future president
531:
118:
672:
Severely weakened by the split and its opposition to the
October 1962 referendum, it suffered a major defeat in the
640:, the Minister of the Economy until 1960, spearheaded a successful monetary reform in 1959 (the introduction of the
3894:
3157:
3125:
3088:
3051:
3014:
2982:
2950:
2913:
2876:
2844:
2812:
2775:
2738:
2701:
2664:
2632:
2187:
1411:
708:
704:
673:
629:
546:
542:
2119:
1800:
731:
462:, founded in 1951 by the merger of the National Centre of Independents (CNI), the heir of the French Republican
2255:
2246:, the party ran autonomous lists in three constituencies. However, the party was only able to print ballots in
1163:
467:
376:
198:
2433:
2410:
662:
1113:
1055:
685:
3688:
2235:. Although these negotiations were unsuccessful, they provoked a major feud with the party's former leader,
3922:
3163:
3131:
2210:
2183:
1890:
1762:
1228:
790:
228:
2199:
1897:
1712:
1193:
1088:
1018:
677:
593:
517:
471:
362:
202:
4004:
3940:
3445:
3434:
2599:
1700:
1589:
1440:
1332:
696:
681:
320:
150:
1492:
665:, continued to support de Gaulle. With the support of 24 deputies, they founded their own party, the
4095:
2281:
1821:
1792:
1757:
1670:
584:
During the Cold War the CNIP was a strongly anti-communist party, strongly supported and financed by
2251:
2056:
1517:
3950:
3899:
3866:
2191:
2046:
1690:
1312:
875:
644:). However, the party quickly clashed with the Gaullists. It opposed Charles de Gaulle's policy of
558:
1609:
1243:
4085:
3791:
3777:
3763:
1885:
1732:
1430:
1352:
1248:
951:
700:
666:
522:
463:
253:
45:
3749:
1133:
814:
3884:
3441:
2988:
2956:
2919:
2882:
2218:
1814:
1747:
1675:
930:
739:
692:
538:
478:
1951:
749:
3932:
2259:
2231:
2036:
1752:
1574:
1283:
1028:
986:
967:
880:
650:
625:
482:
281:
1930:
3989:
2479:
2186:
in 2002, before it decided to dissociate itself from the party in June 2008. Following the
1944:
1450:
1362:
1188:
1065:
942:
769:
712:
597:
589:
550:
486:
1629:
1023:
8:
4042:
3993:
3889:
3203:
2316:
2095:
1727:
1722:
1559:
1502:
1050:
956:
795:
716:
578:
570:
553:
government coalitions, taking a major role in governments at the beginning of the 1950s.
490:
449:
421:
348:
273:
257:
3635:"Européennes: Poisson dit qu'il sera en position éligible sur la liste de Dupont-Aignan"
2165:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
1937:
1785:
1584:
4054:
3985:
3719:
Annick du Roscoät : « Avec Gilles
Bourdouleix, le CNIP est mort ! »
3568:
3556:
3186:
2263:
2226:
2041:
1989:
1965:
1869:
1807:
1470:
1460:
1392:
1268:
1183:
1178:
1038:
1033:
764:
645:
411:
268:
233:
3544:
2213:
or allying itself with the centrist allies of the presidential majority, most notably
1579:
1564:
1382:
1168:
3853:
2360:
2214:
2051:
2010:
1594:
1532:
1522:
1223:
1093:
925:
621:
3861:
1996:
1208:
1098:
3813:
3501:
2003:
1742:
1660:
1604:
1599:
1253:
1173:
1108:
1103:
654:
312:
1554:
1006:
4030:
3508:
3307:
2974:
2942:
2556:
2533:
2206:
1860:
1851:
1828:
1655:
1614:
1549:
1497:
1342:
1278:
1238:
1203:
1128:
1118:
906:
776:
437:
334:
261:
2579:
2225:, a short-lived structuring committee composed of the UMP and its close allies.
2061:
1634:
3968:
3572:
2506:
2030:
1737:
1619:
1569:
1288:
1198:
1153:
1123:
1060:
915:
870:
805:
605:
245:
1527:
1512:
1148:
4064:
4018:
3497:
2456:
2274:
2107:
1923:
1695:
1665:
1537:
1273:
1158:
1138:
979:
920:
637:
574:
562:
554:
3973:
2293:
1685:
3705:
3464:
2730:
2693:
2656:
2289:
1878:
1293:
1263:
1258:
1233:
1218:
1070:
972:
838:
609:
237:
845:
566:
169:
3876:
2383:
2068:
1013:
899:
831:
826:
800:
452:
308:
241:
4025:
2266:
while it backed the UMP or dissident right-wing lists in other regions.
961:
935:
218:
1979:
526:(moderates). It adopted its current name in 1951 after it merged with
3735:
2205:
Since 2008, it hesitated between pursuing an alliance with
President
1958:
887:
852:
495:
3658:"Affaire Bourdouleix : Le CNIP, entre droite et extrĂŞme droite"
34:
16:"CNIP" redirects here. For the political party in South Africa, see
3909:
1972:
1043:
821:
785:
633:
500:
3595:
4 members in the UDF group, 2 in the RPR group, 2 non-affiliated.
894:
3701:
Le CNIP de Gilles
Bourdouleix se rapproche de Jean-Louis Borloo
3576:
2247:
676:, left with only a handful of seats. It allied itself with the
459:
3691:, second sitting; vote tally on p. 3268. p. 38 in the PDF file
1917:
588:, colonial and agricultural lobbies. While the CNIP was more
304:
21:
601:
300:
3808:
396:
20:. For the village on the Isle of Lewis, Scotland, see
4002:
3459:
Until 1973, the party was led by a secretary-general
530:'s small Peasant Party (the successor of the pre-war
3843:
3476:Since 1973, the party has been led by a president
2284:coalition led by Nicolas Dupont-Aignan during the
624:'s comeback and approved the constitution of the
4062:
2288:and was part of the group of parties supporting
688:, in which the CNIP was only a small component.
3604:3 members in the UDF group, 2 in the RPR group.
2223:Liaison Committee for the Presidential Majority
3613:3 members in the FN group, 2 in the RPR group.
3440:From 1984 to 2009, the CNIP was associated to
1681:National Centre of Independents & Peasants
1323:Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism
573:in 1953. The party's power declined after the
68:"National Centre of Independents and Peasants"
3829:
2127:
1373:An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races
2232:Alliance républicaine, écologiste et sociale
2066:
1895:
1876:
1867:
1858:
1849:
1833:
1819:
1805:
1783:
1004:
977:
940:
904:
885:
836:
812:
774:
466:tradition (many party members came from the
434:National Centre of Independents and Peasants
139:National Centre of Independents and Peasants
537:As the leading right-wing force during the
481:(prior to 1958), but since creation of the
442:Centre national des indépendants et paysans
142:Centre national des indépendants et paysans
3836:
3822:
3652:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3644:
2182:The CNIP became an associate party of the
2134:
2120:
119:Learn how and when to remove this message
3433:In 1979, the CNIP was associated to the
2308:
3641:
2258:, the CNIP supported some lists led by
711:, it formed an ephemeral alliance with
4063:
3687:Proceedings of the National Assembly,
3195:
1796:(formerly known as: Club de l'Horloge)
569:, a CNIP parliamentarian, was elected
55:Please improve this article by adding
4091:Political parties established in 1949
3817:
2076:Social thinking of Arthur de Gobineau
3676:La France de la Quatrième République
3562:
2591:
2303:
2145:
657:'s government, opposing de Gaulle's
28:
3946:Union of Democrats and Independents
2271:Union of Democrats and Independents
1836:Union Nationale Inter-universitaire
628:. Having won over 130 seats in the
541:, it won around 14% of the vote in
213:6, Rue Quentin Bauchart 75008 Paris
13:
1412:"The Future of the Intelligentsia"
511:
477:It played a major role during the
470:), with the Peasant Party and the
18:Ciskei National Independence Party
14:
4112:
3802:
3492:1979–1980: collegial leadership (
2286:2019 European Parliament election
2244:2009 European Parliament election
1718:French Agrarian and Peasant Party
722:
615:
596:(MRP), like the MRP it supported
532:French Agrarian and Peasant Party
4048:
4036:
4024:
4012:
3377:
3376:
3298:
3297:
3177:
3176:
3108:
3107:
3071:
3070:
3034:
3033:
2933:
2932:
2896:
2895:
2795:
2794:
2758:
2757:
2721:
2720:
2684:
2683:
2202:joined the party in April 2008.
2150:
2101:
2089:
748:
636:governing coalition until 1962.
604:. It was a militant defender of
223:Youngs Independents and Peasants
149:
33:
3784:
3770:
3756:
3607:
3598:
1801:Initiative and Liberty Movement
557:, its most popular figure, was
3742:
3731:Le CNI rejoint l'UDI de Borloo
3724:
3712:
3694:
3681:
3668:
3627:
3589:
592:than the Christian democratic
468:Democratic Republican Alliance
1:
4071:1949 establishments in France
3620:
686:Progress and Modern Democracy
131:Political party in France
57:secondary or tertiary sources
4081:Liberal conservative parties
4076:Right-wing parties in France
2184:Union for a Popular Movement
1763:Union for a Popular Movement
7:
4101:Social conservative parties
3846:political parties in France
2200:8th arrondissement of Paris
678:Popular Republican Movement
594:Popular Republican Movement
518:Republican Party of Liberty
472:Republican Party of Liberty
203:Republican Party of Liberty
10:
4117:
3454:
2298:2022 presidential election
1701:VIA, the Way of the People
1441:The Tears of the White Man
1333:The Genius of Christianity
506:
15:
3982:
3959:
3931:
3908:
3875:
3852:
3202:
3161:
3129:
2986:
2954:
2917:
2880:
2848:
2816:
2779:
2598:
2315:
2282:Les Amoureux de la France
2188:2007 legislative election
2159:This section needs to be
1822:Nouvelle Action Royaliste
632:, it was a member of the
407:
394:
389:
375:
361:
347:
333:
319:
287:
267:
227:
217:
209:
194:
175:
165:
157:
148:
136:
3867:New Anticapitalist Party
3582:
2434:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
2411:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
2192:French National Assembly
2190:it had two seats in the
1898:Service d'Action Civique
1313:Considerations on France
876:Catholic social teaching
730:This article is part of
663:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
499:of the left, centre and
3750:"Le CNIP viré de l'UDI"
3575:), deputy and mayor of
2256:2010 regional elections
2096:Conservatism portal
1886:Independent Republicans
1733:Independent Republicans
1431:Violence and the Sacred
1353:St Petersburg Dialogues
667:Independent Republicans
493:parties opposed to the
269:Political position
254:Conservative liberalism
3885:French Communist Party
3794:. France-politique.fr.
3780:. France-politique.fr.
3766:. France-politique.fr.
2067:
1896:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1850:
1834:
1820:
1806:
1793:Carrefour de l'Horloge
1784:
1748:Rally for the Republic
1676:Future with Confidence
1005:
978:
941:
905:
886:
837:
813:
775:
741:Conservatism in France
620:In 1958, it supported
181:; 75 years ago
44:relies excessively on
3739:, September 19, 2012.
3527:Jean-Antoine Giansily
3387:Jean-Antoine Giansily
3044:Jean-Antoine Giansily
2309:Presidential election
2260:Nicolas Dupont-Aignan
2057:Immigrant criminality
2037:Clerical philosophers
1753:Republican Federation
1421:The Reign of Quantity
1114:Blanc de Saint-Bonnet
1029:Thermidorian Reaction
987:Traditional authority
791:Political Catholicism
699:) and the far-right (
659:constitutional reform
577:military disaster in
561:in 1952, followed by
377:Departmental Councils
3990:Miscellaneous centre
2480:Philippe de Villiers
2336:Candidate president
2292:'s political party,
2047:French–German enmity
1451:The Tyranny of Guilt
1363:Democracy in America
1066:Second French Empire
815:RĂ©volution nationale
713:Philippe de Villiers
598:European integration
590:economically liberal
549:and participated in
491:economically liberal
464:conservative-liberal
3994:Miscellaneous right
3923:Democratic Movement
3890:La France Insoumise
3674:Jean-Pierre Rioux,
3204:European Parliament
3196:European Parliament
2317:President of France
1952:La Nation française
1728:Movement for France
1723:French Social Party
1543:Political positions
1533:Le Pen (Jean-Marie)
1164:Fustel de Coulanges
1056:Bourbon Restoration
1051:Second White Terror
796:Christian democracy
717:Movement for France
651:voted no-confidence
571:President of France
565:from 1953 to 1954.
349:European Parliament
258:Economic liberalism
199:Democratic Alliance
179:6 January 1949
3986:Miscellaneous left
3569:Gilles Bourdouleix
3557:Gilles Bourdouleix
3533:Olivier d'Ormesson
3482:François Schleiter
3225:overall seats won
3187:Gilles Bourdouleix
3162:Ran together with
3130:Ran together with
3081:Olivier d'Ormesson
2987:Ran together with
2955:Ran together with
2918:Ran together with
2881:Ran together with
2849:Ran together with
2817:Ran together with
2780:Ran together with
2621:overall seats won
2264:Arise the Republic
2227:Gilles Bourdouleix
2042:European New Right
1966:Le Figaro Magazine
1931:Famille chrétienne
1808:La Manif pour tous
1461:The French Suicide
1089:Barbey d'Aurevilly
1039:Companions of Jehu
1034:First White Terror
881:Counter-revolution
765:French nationalism
680:(MRP) to form the
646:self-determination
412:Politics of France
234:French nationalism
4000:
3999:
3563:Elected officials
3551:Annick du Roscoät
3425:
3424:
3419:Annick du Roscoät
3193:
3192:
3150:Annick du Roscoät
3118:Annick du Roscoät
2600:National Assembly
2592:French Parliament
2589:
2588:
2361:Charles de Gaulle
2304:Electoral results
2237:Annick du Roscoät
2215:Jean-Louis Borloo
2180:
2179:
2144:
2143:
2108:France portal
2052:French Revolution
2011:Valeurs actuelles
1518:de La Tour du Pin
1393:What Is a Nation?
1024:War in the Vendée
684:, later known as
682:Democratic Centre
622:Charles de Gaulle
487:classical liberal
430:
429:
417:Political parties
363:Regional Councils
321:National Assembly
129:
128:
121:
103:
4108:
4096:Agrarian parties
4053:
4052:
4051:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4029:
4028:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4008:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3815:
3814:
3809:Official website
3796:
3795:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3746:
3740:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3710:
3698:
3692:
3685:
3679:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3654:
3639:
3638:
3637:. 21 March 2019.
3631:
3614:
3611:
3605:
3602:
3596:
3593:
3502:Raymond Bourgine
3494:Jacques Fouchier
3408:
3380:
3379:
3371:
3334:
3301:
3300:
3292:
3255:
3200:
3199:
3180:
3179:
3171:
3139:
3111:
3110:
3102:
3074:
3073:
3065:
3037:
3036:
3028:
2996:
2964:
2936:
2935:
2927:
2899:
2898:
2890:
2858:
2826:
2798:
2797:
2789:
2761:
2760:
2752:
2724:
2723:
2715:
2687:
2686:
2678:
2646:
2596:
2595:
2549:16,860,685 (#2)
2426:14,642,306 (#2)
2313:
2312:
2280:CNIP joined the
2254:(0.42%). In the
2221:. It joined the
2175:
2172:
2166:
2154:
2153:
2146:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2072:
2004:Radio Courtoisie
1985:
1901:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1855:
1839:
1825:
1811:
1797:
1789:
1786:Action Française
1758:Resistance Party
1743:Rally for France
1671:The Nationalists
1661:Debout la France
1508:de Chateaubriand
1476:
1466:
1456:
1446:
1436:
1426:
1416:
1408:
1398:
1388:
1383:The Ancient City
1378:
1368:
1358:
1348:
1338:
1328:
1318:
1144:de Chateaubriand
1010:
983:
968:Social hierarchy
946:
910:
891:
842:
818:
780:
752:
742:
727:
726:
655:Georges Pompidou
403:
400:
398:
384:
370:
356:
342:
328:
313:French Tricolour
299:
296:
293:
189:
187:
182:
153:
134:
133:
124:
117:
113:
110:
104:
102:
61:
37:
29:
4116:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4061:
4060:
4059:
4049:
4047:
4037:
4035:
4023:
4013:
4011:
4003:
4001:
3996:
3978:
3955:
3951:The Republicans
3927:
3904:
3900:Socialist Party
3871:
3848:
3842:
3805:
3800:
3799:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3729:
3725:
3717:
3713:
3699:
3695:
3686:
3682:
3673:
3669:
3664:. 24 July 2013.
3656:
3655:
3642:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3599:
3594:
3590:
3585:
3565:
3545:GĂ©rard Bourgoin
3509:Philippe Malaud
3471:Camille Laurens
3457:
3421:
3414:
3409:
3406:
3389:
3382:
3372:
3369:
3347:
3340:
3335:
3332:
3310:
3308:Philippe Malaud
3303:
3293:
3290:
3268:
3261:
3256:
3253:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3198:
3189:
3182:
3172:
3169:
3152:
3145:
3140:
3137:
3120:
3113:
3103:
3100:
3083:
3076:
3066:
3063:
3046:
3039:
3029:
3026:
3009:
3002:
2997:
2994:
2977:
2975:Philippe Malaud
2970:
2965:
2962:
2945:
2943:Philippe Malaud
2938:
2928:
2925:
2908:
2901:
2891:
2888:
2871:
2869:Camille Laurens
2864:
2859:
2856:
2839:
2837:Camille Laurens
2832:
2827:
2824:
2807:
2805:Camille Laurens
2800:
2790:
2787:
2770:
2768:Camille Laurens
2763:
2753:
2750:
2743:1,404,177 (#6)
2733:
2726:
2716:
2713:
2706:4,092,600 (#2)
2696:
2689:
2679:
2676:
2669:3,259,782 (#2)
2659:
2652:
2647:
2644:
2637:2,563,782 (#4)
2620:
2615:
2610:
2594:
2582:
2572:2,485,226 (#4)
2559:
2557:Nicolas Sarkozy
2536:
2534:Nicolas Sarkozy
2509:
2482:
2472:1,443,186 (#7)
2459:
2449:5,031,849 (#3)
2436:
2413:
2386:
2376:7,943,118 (#2)
2363:
2332:
2327:
2311:
2306:
2207:Nicolas Sarkozy
2198:, mayor of the
2176:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2155:
2151:
2140:
2102:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2081:
2080:
2025:
2017:
2016:
1983:
1913:
1905:
1904:
1861:Cercle Proudhon
1852:Camelots du Roi
1829:Student Cockade
1795:
1776:
1768:
1767:
1691:The Republicans
1656:Alliance Royale
1648:
1640:
1639:
1538:Le Pen (Marine)
1488:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1464:
1454:
1444:
1434:
1424:
1414:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1376:
1366:
1356:
1346:
1336:
1326:
1316:
1307:
1299:
1298:
1084:
1076:
1075:
1061:Ultra-royalists
1000:
992:
991:
907:Noblesse oblige
866:
858:
857:
777:Nouvelle Droite
760:
740:
725:
618:
608:throughout the
539:Fourth Republic
514:
512:Fourth Republic
509:
479:Fourth Republic
456:political party
426:
395:
385:
382:
371:
368:
357:
354:
343:
340:
329:
326:
297:
294:
291:
280:
276:
262:Pro-Europeanism
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
205:, Peasant Party
185:
183:
180:
144:
143:
140:
132:
125:
114:
108:
105:
62:
60:
54:
50:primary sources
38:
25:
12:
11:
5:
4114:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4086:Ordoliberalism
4083:
4078:
4073:
4058:
4057:
4045:
4033:
4021:
3998:
3997:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3971:
3969:National Rally
3965:
3963:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3914:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3895:The Ecologists
3892:
3887:
3881:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3862:Lutte Ouvrière
3858:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3841:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3804:
3803:External links
3801:
3798:
3797:
3783:
3769:
3755:
3741:
3723:
3711:
3693:
3689:4 October 1962
3680:
3667:
3640:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3606:
3597:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3573:Maine-et-Loire
3564:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3553:
3547:
3541:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3517:
3511:
3505:
3490:
3488:Bertrand Motte
3484:
3474:
3473:
3467:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3430:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3383:
3375:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3304:
3296:
3294:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3269:
3266:Bertrand Motte
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3215:overall votes
3211:
3210:Election year
3207:
3206:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3183:
3175:
3173:
3168:
3166:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3136:
3134:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3114:
3106:
3104:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3077:
3069:
3067:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3056:132,814 (#13)
3054:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3040:
3032:
3030:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:122,194 (#13)
3017:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2993:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2961:
2959:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2939:
2931:
2929:
2924:
2922:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2906:Bertrand Motte
2904:
2902:
2894:
2892:
2887:
2885:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2855:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2823:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2801:
2793:
2791:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2764:
2756:
2754:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2727:
2719:
2717:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2690:
2682:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2611:overall votes
2607:
2606:Election year
2603:
2602:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2507:Jacques Chirac
2505:
2503:
2500:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2329:
2328:overall votes
2324:
2323:Election year
2320:
2319:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2196:François Lebel
2178:
2177:
2158:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2098:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2031:Archeofuturism
2026:
2024:Related topics
2023:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1997:Nouvelle École
1993:
1986:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1874:
1865:
1856:
1841:
1840:
1831:
1826:
1817:
1815:March for Life
1812:
1803:
1798:
1790:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1738:Party of Order
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1467:
1457:
1447:
1437:
1427:
1417:
1409:
1399:
1389:
1379:
1369:
1359:
1349:
1339:
1329:
1319:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1284:de Tocqueville
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1001:
998:
997:
994:
993:
990:
989:
984:
975:
970:
964:
959:
954:
949:
948:
947:
933:
928:
926:French culture
923:
918:
916:Ethnopluralism
913:
912:
911:
902:
892:
883:
878:
873:
871:Anti-communism
867:
864:
863:
860:
859:
856:
855:
850:
849:
848:
843:
834:
829:
819:
810:
809:
808:
806:Ultramontanism
803:
798:
788:
783:
782:
781:
772:
761:
758:
757:
754:
753:
745:
744:
736:
735:
724:
723:Recent history
721:
626:Fifth Republic
617:
616:Fifth Republic
614:
606:French Algeria
559:Prime Minister
513:
510:
508:
505:
483:Fifth Republic
428:
427:
425:
424:
419:
414:
408:
405:
404:
392:
391:
387:
386:
381:
379:
373:
372:
367:
365:
359:
358:
353:
351:
345:
344:
339:
337:
331:
330:
325:
323:
317:
316:
289:
285:
284:
271:
265:
264:
246:Euroscepticism
231:
225:
224:
221:
215:
214:
211:
207:
206:
196:
195:Merger of
192:
191:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
146:
145:
141:
138:
137:
130:
127:
126:
41:
39:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4113:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4056:
4046:
4044:
4034:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4020:
4010:
4009:
4006:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3839:
3834:
3832:
3827:
3825:
3820:
3819:
3816:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3793:
3787:
3779:
3773:
3765:
3759:
3751:
3745:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3720:
3715:
3709:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3690:
3684:
3677:
3671:
3663:
3659:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3636:
3630:
3626:
3610:
3601:
3592:
3588:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3558:
3554:
3552:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3516:
3515:Jacques FĂ©ron
3512:
3510:
3506:
3503:
3499:
3498:Maurice Ligot
3495:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3427:
3426:
3420:
3416:
3411:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3345:Jacques FĂ©ron
3342:
3337:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3295:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3258:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3222:
3220:overall vote
3217:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3201:
3188:
3184:
3174:
3167:
3165:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3142:
3135:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3105:
3098:
3095:
3093:14,403 (#19)
3092:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3007:Jacques FĂ©ron
3004:
2999:
2992:
2990:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2967:
2960:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2930:
2923:
2921:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2893:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2854:
2852:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2829:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2792:
2785:
2783:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2718:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2681:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2649:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2618:
2616:overall vote
2613:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:18,983,138 (#
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:25,537,956 (#
2494:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2457:Raymond Barre
2454:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:13,396,203 (#
2398:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:13,083,699 (#
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2335:
2333:overall vote
2330:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2252:ĂŽle-de-France
2249:
2245:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2219:Radical Party
2216:
2212:
2208:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2174:
2162:
2157:
2148:
2147:
2137:
2132:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2099:
2097:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1938:L'Écho du Sud
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1775:Organisations
1772:
1771:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1696:Soyons libres
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1666:French Future
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1643:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1410:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1194:de La Mennais
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1083:Intellectuals
1080:
1079:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1007:Ancien RĂ©gime
1003:
1002:
996:
995:
988:
985:
982:
981:
980:Souverainisme
976:
974:
971:
969:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
945:
944:
939:
938:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
921:Family values
919:
917:
914:
909:
908:
903:
901:
898:
897:
896:
893:
890:
889:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
868:
862:
861:
854:
851:
847:
844:
841:
840:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
824:
823:
820:
817:
816:
811:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
792:
789:
787:
784:
779:
778:
773:
771:
768:
767:
766:
763:
762:
756:
755:
751:
747:
746:
743:
738:
737:
733:
729:
728:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
705:1986 election
702:
698:
694:
689:
687:
683:
679:
675:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
647:
643:
642:nouveau franc
639:
638:Antoine Pinay
635:
631:
630:1958 election
627:
623:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
576:
575:Dien Bien Phu
572:
568:
564:
563:Joseph Laniel
560:
556:
555:Antoine Pinay
552:
548:
544:
540:
535:
533:
529:
525:
524:
519:
504:
502:
498:
497:
492:
488:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
454:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
409:
406:
402:
393:
388:
380:
378:
374:
366:
364:
360:
352:
350:
346:
338:
336:
332:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
290:
286:
283:
279:
275:
272:
270:
266:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
232:
230:
226:
222:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
197:
193:
178:
174:
171:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
135:
123:
120:
112:
109:February 2008
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70: –
69:
65:
64:Find sources:
58:
52:
51:
47:
42:This article
40:
36:
31:
30:
27:
23:
19:
4043:Conservatism
3786:
3772:
3758:
3744:
3734:
3726:
3714:
3708:July 1, 2011
3706:Ouest-France
3704:
3696:
3683:
3675:
3670:
3661:
3629:
3609:
3600:
3591:
3555:since 2009:
3475:
3465:Roger Duchet
3458:
3399:8,656 (#12)
3359:
3358:4,985,574 (#
3322:
3321:5,242,038 (#
3280:
3279:8,683,596 (#
3243:
3242:5,588,851 (#
2731:Roger Duchet
2694:Roger Duchet
2657:Roger Duchet
2580:Éric Zemmour
2523:
2496:
2400:
2350:
2290:Eric Zemmour
2279:
2268:
2250:(2.65%) and
2241:
2230:
2204:
2181:
2168:
2160:
2029:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1879:Croix-de-Feu
1843:
1842:
1778:
1706:
1705:
1680:
1650:
1610:de La Rocque
1469:
1459:
1449:
1439:
1429:
1419:
1401:
1381:
1371:
1361:
1351:
1341:
1331:
1321:
1311:
1071:Vichy France
973:Social order
952:Metapolitics
943:Restauration
839:Maurrassisme
690:
671:
641:
619:
610:Algerian War
583:
536:
521:
515:
494:
476:
445:
441:
433:
431:
282:Centre-right
278:Before 1962:
277:
250:Before 1962:
249:
238:Conservatism
210:Headquarters
115:
106:
96:
89:
82:
75:
63:
43:
26:
4055:Agriculture
3918:Renaissance
3549:2000–2009:
3543:1999–2000:
3539:Jean Perrin
3537:1998–1999:
3531:1996–1998:
3525:1992–1996:
3521:Yvon Briant
3519:1989–1992:
3513:1987–1989:
3507:1980–1987:
3486:1975–1979:
3480:1973–1975:
3469:1961–1973:
3463:1949–1961:
2384:Alain Poher
2296:during the
2069:Sinistrisme
2062:Remigration
1625:de Vaublanc
1595:de Polignac
1503:Cathelineau
1487:Politicians
1189:de Jouvenel
1184:Houellebecq
1179:de Gobineau
1014:Monarchiens
931:Imperialism
900:Meritocracy
827:Bonapartism
801:Integralism
551:Third Force
528:Paul Antier
242:Agrarianism
161:Bruno North
4065:Categories
3984:See also:
3974:ReconquĂŞte
3621:References
2294:ReconquĂŞte
1713:Feuillants
1686:ReconquĂŞte
1630:de Villèle
1605:Retailleau
1471:Submission
1306:Literature
1269:de Rivarol
1254:Peyrefitte
1249:d'Ornellas
1224:de Maistre
1134:Brunetière
1109:de Benoist
962:Patriotism
936:Monarchism
865:Principles
832:Legitimism
759:Ideologies
703:). In the
520:and other
450:right-wing
274:Right-wing
219:Youth wing
186:1949-01-06
79:newspapers
46:references
3961:Far-right
3736:Le Figaro
3448:alliance.
2714:132 / 546
1984:(Defunct)
1959:Le Figaro
1523:de Gaulle
1498:de Bonald
1403:The Crowd
1244:d'Orcival
1119:de Bonald
1094:Bainville
1044:Muscadins
1019:Feuillant
888:Dirigisme
853:Sarkozysm
846:Orléanism
586:employers
579:Indochina
567:René Coty
496:dirigisme
422:Elections
170:René Coty
158:President
4031:Politics
3941:Horizons
3854:Far-left
3662:La Croix
2751:28 / 491
2677:95 / 595
2645:96 / 625
2171:May 2022
1973:Le Point
1945:La Croix
1924:Éléments
1891:Hussards
1600:Pompidou
1585:Poincaré
1575:PĂ©cresse
1565:Maréchal
1560:MacMahon
1343:The Pope
1289:Veuillot
1209:Lemaître
1204:Lefebvre
1129:Bruckner
957:Nativism
822:Royalism
786:Gaullism
770:Integral
732:a series
634:Gaullist
501:Gaullist
453:agrarian
229:Ideology
190:(as CNI)
4005:Portals
3455:Leaders
3231:Leader
3170:1 / 577
3138:2 / 577
3101:2 / 577
3064:0 / 577
3027:2 / 577
2995:5 / 577
2963:5 / 573
2926:5 / 491
2889:8 / 491
2857:0 / 491
2825:0 / 491
2788:0 / 491
2627:Leader
2339:Result
2242:In the
2161:updated
1980:Présent
1870:Civitas
1844:Defunct
1707:Defunct
1647:Parties
1635:Zemmour
1620:Schuman
1615:Sarkozy
1590:Poisson
1570:Messmer
1555:Malraux
1550:Maurras
1493:Bellamy
1239:Maurras
1219:Madiran
1214:Le Play
1169:Dumézil
1124:Boutang
1104:Barruel
999:History
895:Elitism
523:modérés
507:History
503:right.
448:) is a
390:Website
383:0 / 101
341:0 / 348
327:0 / 577
288:Colours
184: (
176:Founded
166:Founder
93:scholar
4019:France
3910:Centre
3792:"2002"
3778:"1997"
3764:"1993"
3577:Cholet
3407:0 / 72
3370:0 / 87
3365:25.58
3333:2 / 81
3328:28.88
3291:2 / 81
3286:43.03
3254:0 / 81
3249:27.61
2672:14.99
2640:13.64
2552:48.36
2529:53.06
2502:82.21
2452:16.55
2429:48.24
2406:50.81
2379:41.79
2356:55.20
2248:Guyane
1990:Minute
1779:Active
1651:Active
1580:PĂ©tain
1513:Ciotti
1475:(2015)
1465:(2014)
1455:(2006)
1445:(1983)
1435:(1972)
1425:(1945)
1415:(1905)
1407:(1895)
1397:(1882)
1387:(1864)
1377:(1855)
1367:(1835)
1357:(1821)
1347:(1819)
1337:(1802)
1327:(1797)
1317:(1796)
1234:Massis
1199:Le Bon
1174:Guénon
1159:Freund
1149:Daudet
1139:Carrel
1099:Barrès
966:
669:(RI).
460:France
438:French
369:0 / 17
355:0 / 74
335:Senate
298:
295:
292:
95:
88:
81:
74:
66:
3933:Right
3844:Main
3583:Notes
3428:Notes
3402:0.05
3096:0.06
3059:0.52
2746:7.66
2709:19.9
2585:Lost
2575:7.07
2562:Lost
2485:Lost
2475:4.74
2462:Lost
2439:Lost
2389:Lost
2275:Romas
1918:CNews
1912:Media
1528:Juppé
1294:Ye'or
1279:Taine
1274:Rueff
1264:Renan
1229:Morel
399:.cnip
305:white
100:JSTOR
86:books
22:Kneep
3992:and
3877:Left
3395:2009
3353:1994
3316:1989
3274:1984
3237:1979
3228:+/–
3223:# of
3218:% of
3213:# of
3158:2012
3126:2007
3089:2002
3052:1997
3022:0.5
3015:1993
2983:1988
2951:1986
2914:1981
2877:1978
2845:1973
2813:1968
2782:UD-V
2776:1967
2739:1962
2702:1958
2665:1956
2633:1951
2624:+/–
2619:# of
2614:% of
2609:# of
2568:2022
2545:2012
2539:Won
2518:2007
2512:Won
2491:2002
2468:1995
2445:1988
2422:1981
2416:Won
2395:1974
2372:1969
2366:Won
2345:1965
2331:% of
2326:# of
1259:Pujo
1154:Faye
709:1997
695:and
674:1962
602:NATO
600:and
547:1956
545:and
543:1951
489:and
446:CNIP
432:The
301:Blue
72:news
3446:UDF
3442:RPR
3435:UDF
3355:**
3318:**
3276:**
3164:UMP
3132:UMP
2989:RPR
2957:RPR
2920:RPR
2883:RPR
2851:UDR
2819:UDR
2762:104
2277:".
2262:'s
2217:'s
2211:UMP
2209:'s
697:UDF
693:RPR
653:in
534:).
458:in
401:.fr
397:www
309:red
48:to
4067::
3988:,
3733:,
3703:,
3660:.
3643:^
3500:,
3496:,
3437:.
3362:)
3325:)
3283:)
3246:)
3239:*
2799:28
2725:37
2526:)
2499:)
2403:)
2353:)
2300:.
2194:.
1395:"
734:on
719:.
715:'
701:FN
612:.
474:.
444:,
440::
307:,
303:,
201:,
59:.
4007::
3837:e
3830:t
3823:v
3752:.
3721:.
3571:(
3504:)
3444:-
3413:-
3381:2
3360:1
3339:-
3323:1
3302:2
3281:1
3260:–
3244:1
3181:1
3144:-
3112:2
3075:2
3038:3
3001:-
2969:-
2937:3
2900:8
2863:-
2831:-
2688:1
2651:–
2524:1
2497:1
2401:1
2351:1
2173:)
2169:(
2163:.
2135:e
2128:t
2121:v
1391:"
436:(
315:)
311:(
188:)
122:)
116:(
111:)
107:(
97:·
90:·
83:·
76:·
53:.
24:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
