1696:
1714:
1660:
1642:
226:
2439:
1678:
1732:
487:
4986:
4789:
4975:
235:
362:, who oversaw his difficult birth. Mahfouz was the seventh and the youngest child, with four brothers and two sisters, all of them much older than him. (Experientially, he grew up an "only child".) The family lived in two popular districts of Cairo: first, in the Bayt al-Qadi neighborhood in the Gamaleya quarter in the old city, from where they moved in 1924 to
1061:
2006, the novel was published in Egypt with a preface written by Ahmad Kamal Aboul-Magd. After the threats, Mahfouz stayed in Cairo with his lawyer, Nabil Mounir Habib. Mahfouz and Mounir would spend most of their time in Mounir's office; Mahfouz used Mounir's library as a reference for most of his books. Mahfouz stayed with Mounir until his death.
1750:
60:
975:
invites us to reconsider the fundamental things in life. Themes like the nature of time and love, society and norms, knowledge and faith recur in a variety of situations and are presented in thought-provoking, evocative, and clearly daring ways. And the poetic quality of your prose can be felt across
1069:
Mahfouz remained a bachelor until age 43 because he believed that, with its numerous restrictions and limitations, marriage would hamper his literary future. "I was afraid of marriage . . . especially when I saw how busy my brothers and sisters were with social events because of it. This one went to
393:
had a strong effect on
Mahfouz, although he was at the time only seven years old. From the window he saw British soldiers firing at the demonstrators in an effort to disperse them. According to Mahfouz, "You could say ... that the one thing which most shook the security of my childhood was the 1919
1060:
He survived, permanently affected by damage to nerves of his right upper limb. After the incident, Mahfouz was unable to write for more than a few minutes a day and consequently produced fewer and fewer works. Subsequently, he lived under constant bodyguard protection. Finally, in the beginning of
966:
The Nobel Prize has given me, for the first time in my life, the feeling that my literature could be appreciated on an international level. The Arab world also won the Nobel with me. I believe that international doors have opened, and that from now on, literate people will consider Arab literature
648:
régime, which had overthrown the monarchy in 1952, he started publishing again in 1959, now prolifically pouring out novels, short stories, journalism, memoirs, essays, and screenplays. He stated in a 1998 interview that he "long felt that Nasser was one of the greatest political leaders in modern
933:"Throughout Naguib Mahfouz's fiction there is a pervasive sense of metaphor, of a literary artist who is using his fiction to speak directly and unequivocally to the condition of his country. His work is imbued with love for Egypt and its people, but it is also utterly honest and unsentimental." —
321:
in
Literature. He published 35 novels, over 350 short stories, 26 screenplays, hundreds of op-ed columns for Egyptian newspapers, and seven plays over a 70-year career, from the 1930s until 2004. All of his novels take place in Egypt, and always mentions the lane, which equals the world. His most
723:
in the middle of a barren desert; his estate becomes the scene of a family feud that continues for generations. "Whenever someone is depressed, suffering or humiliated, he points to the mansion at the top of the alley at the end opening out to the desert, and says sadly, 'That is our ancestor's
2143:
473:
library, where he interviewed residents of his childhood neighborhood as part of the "Good Loans
Project". In the 1950s, he worked as Director of Censorship in the Bureau of Arts, as Director of the Foundation for the Support of the Cinema, and finally as a consultant to the
385:
The
Mahfouz family were devout Muslims and Mahfouz had a strict Islamic upbringing. In an interview, he elaborated on the stern religious climate at home during his childhood. He stated, "You would never have thought that an artist would emerge from that family."
846:
Most of
Mahfouz's writings deal mainly with politics, a fact he acknowledged: "In all my writings, you will find politics. You may find a story which ignores love or any other subject, but not politics; it is the very axis of our thinking".
1705:
1089:, then moved to an apartment along the river in the same area. Mahfouz avoided public exposure, especially inquiries into his private life, which might have become, as he put it, "a silly topic in journals and radio programs."
366:, then a new Cairo suburb north of the old city, locations that would provide the backdrop for many of Mahfouz's later writings. His father, Abdel-Aziz Ibrahim, whom Mahfouz described as having been "old-fashioned", was a
897:. In the mid-1940s, Qutb was one of the first critics to recognize Mahfouz's talent, and by the 1960s, near the end of Qutb's life, Mahfouz even visited him in the hospital. But later, in the semi-autobiographical novel
464:
in 1934, Mahfouz joined the
Egyptian civil service, where he continued to work in various positions and ministries until retirement in 1971. He served first as a clerk at Cairo University, then, in 1938, in the
602:. Mahfouz's stories are almost always set in the heavily populated urban quarters of Cairo, where his characters, usually ordinary people, try to cope with the modernization of society and the temptations of
992:
with Israel in 1978, his books were banned in many Arab countries until after he won the Nobel Prize. Like many
Egyptian writers and intellectuals, Mahfouz was on an Islamic fundamentalist "death list".
1535:
424:, graduating in 1934. By 1936, having spent a year working on an M.A. in philosophy, he decided to discontinue his studies and become a professional writer. He published his first work in
1695:
637:. Mahfouz set the story in the parts of Cairo where he grew up. The novels depict the life of the patriarch el-Sayyed Ahmed Abdel Gawad and his family over three generations, from
1387:
925:"The alleys, the houses, the palaces and mosques and the people who live among them are evoked as vividly in Mahfouz's work as the streets of London were conjured by Dickens." —
1603:
1519:
1473:
1587:
1495:
1487:
5081:
1165:
1057:. Mahfouz was given police protection, but in 1994 an extremist succeeded in attacking the 82-year-old novelist by stabbing him in the neck outside his Cairo home.
1029:
calling for
Rushdie and his publishers to be killed, Mahfouz called Khomeini a terrorist. Shortly after, Mahfouz joined 80 other intellectuals in declaring that "no
1070:
visit people, that one invited people. I had the impression that married life would take up all my time. I saw myself drowning in visits and parties. No freedom."
962:
Mahfouz was awarded the 1988 Nobel Prize in
Literature, the only Arab writer to have won the award. Shortly after winning the prize Mahfouz was quoted as saying:
338:
and foreign films; no Arab writer exceeds
Mahfouz in number of works that have been adapted for cinema and television. While Mahfouz's literature is classified as
2380:
1527:
1111:
1595:
1579:
1571:
1395:
1713:
3017:
1411:
4510:
1437:
552:
in a series of books. However, following the third volume, his interest shifted to current settings and issues, as well as the psychological impact of
563:
is characterised by the blunt expression of his ideas. His written works cover a broad range of topics, including the controversial and taboo such as
2422:
2405:
1503:
911:. He had supported the principles of the revolution, but became disenchanted, saying that the practices failed to live up to the original ideals.
520:, and his writings also appeared in his weekly column, "Point of View". Before the Nobel Prize only a few of his novels had appeared in the West.
2262:
1371:
653:." His non-fiction, including his journalism and essays and his writing on literature and philosophy, were published in four volumes from 2016.
494:
Mahfouz published 34 novels, over 350 short stories, dozens of screenplays, and five plays over a 70-year career. Possibly his most famous work,
1157:
2466:
2460:
1262:
5026:
4777:
976:
the language barrier. In the prize citation you are credited with the forming of an Arabian narrative art that applies to all mankind.
5076:
4665:
4755:
2792:
2494:
1317:
941:"Mahfouz's work is freshly nuanced and hauntingly lyrical. The Nobel Prize acknowledges the universal significance of fiction." —
3010:
1081:, Atiyyatallah Ibrahim, with whom he had two daughters, Fatima and Umm Kalthum. The couple initially lived on a houseboat in the
370:, and Mahfouz eventually followed in his footsteps in 1934. Mahfouz's mother, Fatimah, was the daughter of Mustafa Qasheesha, an
699:), one of Mahfouz's best known works, portrayed the patriarch Gebelaawi and his children, average Egyptians living the lives of
5051:
4503:
1741:
2063:
5031:
4634:
3026:
2974:
2910:
2235:
2040:
1909:
1802:
724:
house, we are all his children, and we have a right to his property. Why are we starving? What have we done?'" The book was
2875:
2427:
2341:
1940:
675:
3003:
374:
sheikh, and although illiterate herself, took the boy Mahfouz on numerous excursions to cultural locations such as the
5041:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4496:
2596:
2322:
2176:
1876:
1759:
1189:
2109:
5056:
2827:
949:"Mr. Mahfouz embodied the essence of what makes the bruising, raucous, chaotic human anthill of Cairo possible." —
5066:
725:
5071:
5036:
4770:
4564:
4472:
4461:
4450:
4439:
4417:
4406:
4395:
4384:
4373:
4362:
4351:
4340:
4329:
4318:
4307:
4296:
4285:
4274:
4263:
4252:
4241:
4230:
4219:
4208:
4186:
4175:
4164:
4153:
4142:
4131:
4120:
4109:
4098:
4087:
4076:
4065:
4054:
4043:
4032:
4021:
4010:
3999:
3988:
3977:
3955:
3944:
3933:
3922:
3911:
3900:
3885:
3874:
3863:
3852:
3841:
3830:
3819:
3808:
3793:
3782:
3770:
3759:
3748:
3737:
3715:
3704:
3693:
3682:
3671:
3660:
3649:
3638:
3627:
3616:
3605:
3594:
3583:
3572:
3561:
3550:
3539:
3531:
3522:
3513:
3493:
3481:
3470:
3459:
3448:
3440:
3428:
3417:
3406:
3390:
3379:
3368:
3357:
3346:
3335:
3324:
3313:
3302:
3291:
3280:
3258:
3247:
3239:
3223:
3212:
3201:
3193:
3181:
3170:
3159:
3148:
3137:
3126:
3115:
3104:
3093:
3078:
3067:
3056:
3045:
2808:
2209:
1858:
1833:
1363:
1005:
789:
opportunist, represent different political views. In the center of the story is an attractive servant girl. In
302:
1731:
358:
in 1911. The first part of his compound given name was chosen in appreciation of the well-known obstetrician,
2716:
1723:
1669:
1465:
49:
5046:
4642:
2487:
2140:
914:
Mahfouz's writing influenced a new generation of Egyptian lawyers, including Nabil Mounir and Reda Aslan.
469:
as parliamentary secretary to the Minister of Islamic Endowments. In 1945, he requested a transfer to the
5061:
5021:
4592:
3992:
2724:
2708:
1457:
1449:
988:
Mahfouz did not shrink from controversy outside of his work. As a consequence of his support for Sadat's
904:
806:
796:
616:
603:
505:
501:
475:
390:
2270:
5086:
3485:
3071:
2588:
1181:
754:
In the 1960s, Mahfouz further developed the theme that humanity is moving further away from God in his
238:
980:
Because Mahfouz found traveling to Sweden difficult at his age, he did not attend the award ceremony.
4990:
4894:
4763:
4560:
3030:
1608:
862:
early in his youth. The influence of socialist ideals is strongly reflected in his first two novels,
466:
4785:
544:(1944) were historical novels written as part of a larger unfulfilled 30-novel project. Inspired by
4793:
4529:
2883:
2800:
2529:
1792:
1347:
1211:
870:, as well as many of his later works. Parallel to his sympathy for socialism and democracy was his
627:
293:
3812:
4688:
3675:
3130:
2843:
2700:
2480:
1797:
1403:
791:
574:, and combined intellectual and cultural influences from both East and West. His own exposure to
571:
470:
1749:
732:
until 2006 when it was first published in Egypt. The work was prohibited because of its alleged
4929:
4849:
4844:
4603:
3845:
3317:
2966:
2926:
2891:
2612:
1687:
1659:
1247:
1149:
1074:
1053:. Death threats against Mahfouz followed, including one from the "blind sheikh", Egyptian-born
890:
782:
760:
733:
43:
2676:
2030:
1355:
4914:
3937:
3227:
3216:
3082:
2995:
4289:
4146:
5016:
5011:
3463:
2950:
2867:
2692:
2636:
2604:
2537:
2455:
1641:
1419:
1287:
1239:
1225:
1049:
851:
691:
666:
633:
426:
359:
330:
225:
207:
20:
4322:
1018:, and, although he did not personally agree with Rushdie's work, he spoke out against the
8:
4959:
4919:
4654:
4366:
3959:
3708:
3394:
3328:
3185:
3163:
2580:
1173:
820:
771:
In the 1960s and 1970s, Mahfouz began to construct his novels more freely and often used
442:
413:
59:
4069:
3631:
567:, homosexuality, and God. Writing about some of these subjects was prohibited in Egypt.
4537:
4311:
3926:
3797:
3543:
3231:
3097:
2982:
2918:
2835:
2776:
2758:
2644:
2628:
1998:
1967:
1677:
1560:
1430:
1295:
1279:
1119:
1043:
1010:
989:
894:
886:
833:
772:
674:. The story criticizes the decadence of Egyptian society during the Nasser era. It was
661:
645:
583:
98:
3664:
3108:
2438:
4648:
4584:
4443:
4124:
3823:
3786:
3642:
3452:
3295:
3174:
2564:
2556:
2399:
2304:
2172:
2036:
1905:
1854:
1829:
1651:
1141:
1133:
1127:
1096:
was one of the few cities to which he gladly went and he expressed great respect for
1054:
1015:
1001:
943:
875:
859:
579:
379:
306:
229:
37:
3620:
3141:
3086:
682:
to avoid provoking Egyptians who still loved former president Nasser. Copies of the
4944:
4939:
4924:
4864:
4819:
4623:
4611:
4245:
4014:
3774:
3719:
3653:
3609:
3598:
3554:
3432:
2668:
1895:
1552:
1339:
825:
575:
549:
545:
461:
417:
339:
190:
118:
4869:
4168:
3867:
4834:
4617:
4355:
4091:
4003:
3948:
3904:
3893:
3763:
3697:
3410:
3119:
3060:
3049:
2942:
2859:
2732:
2660:
2652:
2153:
2147:
1899:
1880:
1511:
1331:
1303:
935:
899:
776:
683:
509:
375:
335:
281:
4859:
4421:
4300:
4223:
4179:
641:
until 1944. Mahfouz stopped writing for some years after finishing the trilogy.
397:
In his early years, Mahfouz read extensively and was influenced by Hafiz Najib,
4874:
4673:
4549:
4399:
4388:
4047:
3889:
3834:
3752:
3383:
3339:
3284:
3251:
3205:
2784:
997:
755:
671:
406:
343:
314:
412:
After completing his secondary education, Mahfouz was admitted in 1930 to the
5005:
4954:
4839:
4814:
4809:
4488:
4278:
4256:
4234:
4212:
4135:
4113:
4102:
3981:
3878:
3565:
3474:
3361:
3350:
2958:
2572:
2512:
1774:
1231:
1217:
1203:
1131:(1939) عبث الأقدار. His first full-length novel, translated title in English
951:
611:
591:
553:
500:, depicts the lives of three generations of different families in Cairo from
495:
431:
402:
367:
324:
201:
3741:
3576:
4979:
4949:
4909:
4899:
4884:
4879:
4824:
4804:
4543:
4454:
4410:
4190:
4036:
4025:
3856:
3686:
2684:
2620:
1379:
1255:
741:
398:
310:
213:
136:
2472:
2445:
2433:
1924:
Stock, A Mummy Awakens: The Pharaonic Fiction of Naguib Mahfouz, pg. 13-14
1873:
903:, Mahfouz drew a negative portrait of Qutb. He was disillusioned with the
854:
in many of his works, and expressed sympathies for the post-World-War-era
486:
4934:
4889:
4829:
4520:
4344:
4267:
4080:
3915:
3801:
3587:
3372:
3306:
3262:
2521:
2117:
1197:
908:
882:
829:
679:
664:) is one of his most popular works. It was later made into a film called
638:
621:
599:
595:
318:
172:
2002:
1986:
1971:
1959:
1564:
649:
history. I only began to fully appreciate him after he nationalized the
4904:
3421:
3152:
1987:"Cultural Journals and Modern Arabic Literature: A Historical Overview"
1960:"Cultural Journals and Modern Arabic Literature: A Historical Overview"
1479:
1078:
855:
650:
436:
421:
140:
814:
Many of his novels were first published in serialized form, including
4465:
4377:
2851:
2751:
1556:
1271:
1033:
harms Islam and Muslims so much as the call for murdering a writer."
1030:
871:
786:
744:
587:
564:
355:
150:
4157:
2934:
2381:"Нагиб Махфуз, нобеловац који није волео да путује, осим у Београд"
1093:
971:
The Swedish letter to Mahfouz praised his "rich and complex work":
927:
737:
716:
448:
371:
363:
354:
Mahfouz was born in a lower middle-class Muslim Egyptian family in
132:
922:
Mahfouz's translated works received praise from American critics:
305:. Mahfouz is regarded as one of the first contemporary writers in
811:(1985) deals with conflict between old and new religious truths.
802:
765:
729:
4333:
1097:
1082:
298:
114:
3025:
2260:
234:
4788:
2366:
2016:
748:
720:
712:
708:
560:
529:
168:
122:
94:
2379:
Serbia, RTS, Radio televizija Srbije, Radio Television of.
1086:
768:
thief who has been released from prison and plans revenge.
704:
700:
297:; 11 December 1911 – 30 August 2006) was an Egyptian
1826:
Naguib Mahfouz's Egypt: Existential Themes in His Writings
2365:
El-Enany, Rasheed. "Naguib Mahfouz: His Life and Times".
2028:
2015:
El-Enany, Rasheed. "Naguib Mahfouz: His Life and Times".
460:
After receiving his bachelor's degree in philosophy from
2141:
When the Gavel Speaks: Judicial Politics in Modern Egypt
1706:
Order of Educational and Cultural Merit Gabriela Mistral
578:
began in his youth with the enthusiastic consumption of
19:
This article is about the novelist. For the doctor, see
1036:
1938:
1779:
The Changing Rhythm: A Study of Najib Mahfuz's Novels
1543:—— (2005), "The Situation of the Novel",
2461:
The 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Naguib Mahfouz
1423:(1981) (also known as Joys of the Dome) أفراح القبة
1047:
revived the controversy surrounding Mahfouz's novel
2261:Deseret Morning News editorial (7 September 2006).
893:; Qutb later became a significant influence on the
801:(1983) he drew on traditional Arabic narratives as
2423:Naguib Mahfouz on his English publisher's website
548:(1771–1832), Mahfouz planned to cover the entire
434:in 1929. Mahfouz then worked as a journalist for
5082:Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
5003:
2151:. p. 96 (Hamad cites an interview of Mahfouz by
1894:
1607:(2011; posthumous translation), also adapted in
785:. Four narrators, among them a Socialist and a
619:. The novels were titled with the street names
278:Naguib Mahfouz Abdelaziz Ibrahim Ahmed Al-Basha
83:Naguib Mahfouz Abdelaziz Ibrahim Ahmed Al-Basha
4518:
1867:
334:. Many of Mahfouz's works have been made into
4771:
4504:
3011:
2488:
2428:Naguib Mahfouz – The Son of Two Civilizations
2190:
2188:
1617:(short stories, 2019; posthumous translation)
1551:(2), translated by Sultan, Sabbar S.: 46–47,
1014:as "insulting" to Islam. Mahfouz believed in
957:
2404:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2342:"Naguib Mahfouz, The Art of Fiction No. 129"
2169:The Non-Fiction Writing of Mahfouz 1930–1994
1941:"Naguib Mahfouz, The Art of Fiction No. 129"
1109:A translation into Arabic of James Baikie's
885:when Qutb was showing a greater interest in
609:Mahfouz's central work in the 1950s was the
2502:
1957:
1890:
1888:
1851:مصر نجيب محفوظ: الثيمات الوجودية في كتاباته
1848:
1823:
1092:Mahfouz distinctly did not like to travel.
881:In his youth, Mahfouz had personally known
686:were hard to find prior to the late 1990s.
572:Egypt's development during the 20th century
523:
349:
4778:
4764:
4511:
4497:
3018:
3004:
2495:
2481:
2437:
2315:
2185:
528:Most of Mahfouz's early works were set in
58:
2469:at The American University in Cairo Press
1591:(2009; posthumous translation) أمام العرش
1085:section of Cairo on the west bank of the
858:. He was also attracted to socialist and
512:. He was a board member of the publisher
286:نجيب محفوظ عبد العزيز ابراهيم احمد الباشا
2793:A Story Without a Beginning or an Ending
2104:
1885:
1441:(1982; also published in translation as
1318:A Story Without a Beginning or an Ending
983:
516:. Many of his novels were serialized in
485:
2339:
2166:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1542:
1073:However, in 1954, he quietly married a
5004:
2207:
2196:Naguib Mahfouz: The Pursuit of Meaning
2114:The American University in Cairo Press
1901:Naguib Mahfouz: The Pursuit of Meaning
1773:
1742:Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
1008:, but also criticized Rushdie's novel
841:
781:(1967) he employed a form of multiple
467:Ministry of Islamic Endowments (Awqaf)
292:
4759:
4492:
2999:
2476:
2032:Nobel Lectures: Literature, 1981–1990
2022:
1984:
1939:Charlotte El Shabrawy (Summer 1992).
1004:condemned Rushdie to death in a 1989
747:faiths of Judaism, Christianity, and
534:Abath Al-Aqdar (Mockery of the Fates)
317:. He is the only Egyptian to win the
2467:Mahfouz Centennial Celebrations 2011
2081:
2064:"The Novel~Tea Book Club discussion"
2029:Tore Frängsmyr; Sture Allén (1993).
1991:Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics
1964:Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics
1927:
1025:In 1989, after Ayatollah Khomeini's
542:Kifah Tibah (The Struggle of Thebes)
2305:"President pays tribute to Mahfouz"
1670:Order of the Arab Republic of Egypt
1536:Dreams of the Rehabilitation Period
1429:(1982), including the short story "
1037:Assassination attempt and aftermath
440:, and contributed short stories to
285:
13:
2378:
2216:. Houston: Aramco Services Company
2208:Luxner, Larry (March–April 1988).
1951:
1760:National Order of Merit of Tunisia
996:He defended British-Indian writer
967:also. We deserve that recognition.
907:and by Egypt's defeat in the 1967
719:. Gebelawi builds a mansion in an
14:
5098:
5027:Egyptian male short story writers
2416:
2035:. World Scientific. p. 121.
764:(1961) he depicted the fate of a
481:
5077:20th-century short story writers
4985:
4984:
4973:
4787:
2828:The Adventures of Antar and Abla
1748:
1730:
1712:
1694:
1676:
1658:
1640:
1321:(1971) حكاية بلا بداية ولا نهاية
1064:
1022:condemning him to death for it.
726:banned throughout the Arab world
615:, which he completed before the
570:Mahfouz's works often deal with
455:
233:
224:
2372:
2359:
2333:
2323:"Naguib Mahfouz – Biographical"
2297:
2285:
2254:
2228:
2201:
2160:
2132:
2056:
1767:
257:
2809:Stories from Our Neighbourhood
2009:
1978:
1918:
1842:
1817:
1599:(2010; posthumous translation)
1583:(2007; posthumous translation)
1388:Love above the Pyramid Plateau
1364:Stories from Our Neighbourhood
824:which was also adapted into a
303:1988 Nobel Prize in Literature
1:
5052:Nobel laureates in Literature
2717:The Day the Leader Was Killed
2210:"A Nobel for the Arab Nation"
1810:
1724:Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
1466:The Day the Leader was Killed
5032:Egyptian short story writers
2110:"Naguib Mahfouz (1911–2006)"
2019::AUC Press, 2007. pp 170–174
917:
394:revolution", he later said.
7:
4593:United Nations peacekeeping
2725:Akhenaten, Dweller in Truth
2709:The Journey of Ibn Fattouma
2116:. AUC Press. Archived from
1786:
1523:(1994) أصداء السيرة الذاتية
1458:Akhenaten, Dweller in Truth
1450:The Journey of Ibn Fattouma
835:El callejón de los milagros
808:Akhenaten: Dweller in Truth
391:Egyptian Revolution of 1919
16:Egyptian writer (1911–2006)
10:
5103:
4991:Category: Egyptian writers
2263:"The legacy of a laureate"
2171:. London: Gingko Library.
1804:The Beginning and the End
1621:
1520:Echoes of an Autobiography
1499:(1987) حديث الصباح والمساء
1433:" (My Fate and My Destiny)
1391:(1979) الحب فوق هضبة الهرم
958:Nobel Prize for Literature
798:The Journey of Ibn Fatouma
294:[næˈɡiːbmɑħˈfuːzˤ]
239:Nobel Prize for Literature
18:
4968:
4895:Mohammad Moustafa Haddara
4800:
4683:
4664:
4633:
4602:
4583:
4559:
4528:
4431:
4200:
3969:
3729:
3504:
3272:
3037:
3031:Nobel Prize in Literature
2975:The Beginning and the End
2911:The Beginning and the End
2902:
2819:
2768:
2743:
2597:The Beginning and the End
2548:
2511:
2198:, Routledge, 1992, p. 23.
1539:(2004) أحلام فترة النقاهة
1190:The Beginning and the End
740:portrayal of God and the
580:Western detective stories
267:
244:
220:
196:
186:
178:
164:
156:
146:
128:
104:
79:
69:
57:
30:
5042:Egyptian Nobel laureates
2876:Between Heaven and Earth
2340:El Shabrawy, Charlotte.
2167:Mahfouz, Naguib (2020).
1793:List of Egyptian authors
1496:Morning and Evening Talk
1488:Please and Your Kindness
1461:(1985) العائش فى الحقيقة
1313:(1969) خمارة القط الأسود
1311:The Pub of the Black Cat
1103:
524:Writing style and themes
430:, a magazine started by
350:Early life and education
73:
5057:Cairo University alumni
2701:Arabian Nights and Days
2369::AUC Press, 2007. p 172
2236:"Award Ceremony Speech"
2138:Hamad, Mahmoud. (2008)
1798:List of African writers
1404:Arabian Nights and Days
990:Camp David peace treaty
792:Arabian Nights and Days
783:First-person narratives
313:, to explore themes of
5067:20th-century novelists
4930:Abdel Rahman El Abnudi
4850:Abo El Seoud El Ebiary
4845:Muhammad Husayn Haykal
4689:Nobel Prize recipients
4635:Physiology or Medicine
3993:Gabriel García Márquez
3846:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
2927:Saladin the Victorious
2613:The Thief and the Dogs
2430:at Nobel Prize website
1688:Order of Merit (Egypt)
1545:World Literature Today
1491:(1986) من فضلك وإحسانك
1469:(1985) يوم مقتل الزعيم
1445:) الباقي من الزمن ساعة
1299:(1966) ثرثرة فوق النيل
1248:The Thief and the Dogs
1161:(1945) القاهرة الجديدة
1150:The Struggle of Thebes
978:
969:
891:Islamic fundamentalism
761:The Thief and the Dogs
491:
5072:Egyptian male writers
5037:Egyptian nationalists
3938:Isaac Bashevis Singer
3813:Miguel Ángel Asturias
3486:Frans Eemil Sillanpää
3217:Verner von Heidenstam
3072:Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
1985:Hafez, Sabry (2017).
1453:(1983) رحلة ابن فطومة
1407:(1979) ليالي ألف ليلة
1383:(1977) ملحمة الحرافيش
1343:(1973) الحب تحت المطر
1259:(1962) السمان والخريف
1016:freedom of expression
984:Political involvement
973:
964:
697:Children of the Alley
695:(1959, also known as
670:during the régime of
658:Tharthara Fawq Al-Nīl
489:
346:themes appear in it.
322:famous works include
208:Children of our Alley
3464:Roger Martin du Gard
2951:Chitchat on the Nile
2868:Jamila, the Algerian
2605:Children of Gebelawi
1958:Sabry Hafez (2017).
1947:. Summer 1992 (123).
1904:. Psychology Press.
1879:22 July 2015 at the
1849:حايم غوردون (1990).
1824:Haim Gordon (1990).
1758:Grand Cordon of the
1668:Grand Cordon of the
1650:Grand Cordon of the
1528:Echoes of Forgetness
1420:Wedding Song (novel)
1367:(حكايات حارتنا (1975
1240:Children of Gebelawi
1201:(1956) بين القصرين (
1128:Mockery of the Fates
1050:Children of Gebelawi
852:Egyptian nationalism
816:Children of Gebelawi
692:Children of Gebelawi
667:Chitchat on the Nile
644:Disappointed in the
556:on ordinary people.
427:Al Majalla Al Jadida
420:), where he studied
360:Naguib Pasha Mahfouz
331:Children of Gebelawi
21:Naguib Pasha Mahfouz
5047:Egyptian socialists
4960:Ahmed Khaled Tawfik
4920:Salama Ahmed Salama
4655:George H. Hitchings
4367:Svetlana Alexievich
3709:Salvatore Quasimodo
3395:Erik Axel Karlfeldt
3329:George Bernard Shaw
3186:Rabindranath Tagore
3164:Maurice Maeterlinck
2157:in September 1998.)
2146:22 May 2016 at the
1704:First Class of the
1686:Grand Cross of the
1596:In the Time of Love
1580:Dreams of Departure
1507:(1988) الفجر الكاذب
1375:(1975) حضرة المحترم
1251:(1961) اللص والكلاب
1243:(1959) أولاد حارتنا
1193:(1949) بداية ونهاية
1041:The publication of
842:Political influence
773:interior monologues
476:Ministry of Culture
414:Egyptian University
250:Atiyatullah Ibrahim
5062:Writers from Cairo
5022:Egyptian novelists
4538:Johann Deisenhofer
4312:Mario Vargas Llosa
4290:J. M. G. Le Clézio
4147:Wisława Szymborska
3927:Vicente Aleixandre
3798:Shmuel Yosef Agnon
3676:Juan Ramón Jiménez
3544:Johannes V. Jensen
3232:Henrik Pontoppidan
3098:Henryk Sienkiewicz
2919:Chased by the Dogs
2836:Your Day Will Come
2777:Whisper of Madness
2759:Qismati and Nasibi
2645:Adrift on the Nile
2436:on Nobelprize.org
2194:Rasheed El-Enany,
2005:– via JSTOR.
1740:Grand officier of
1604:Heart of the Night
1572:The Seventh Heaven
1531:صدى النسيان (1999)
1431:Qismati and Nasibi
1399:(1979) الشيطان يعظ
1396:The Devil Preaches
1296:Adrift on the Nile
1215:(1957) قصر الشوق (
1169:(1945) خان الخليلي
1120:Whisper of Madness
1115:(1932) مصر القديمة
1044:The Satanic Verses
1011:The Satanic Verses
895:Muslim Brotherhood
887:literary criticism
662:Adrift on the Nile
576:foreign literature
506:1952 military coup
492:
471:al-Ghuri Mausoleum
99:Khedivate of Egypt
5087:Muslim socialists
4999:
4998:
4753:
4752:
4666:Economic Sciences
4649:Gertrude B. Elion
4486:
4485:
4444:Abdulrazak Gurnah
4323:Tomas Tranströmer
3824:Yasunari Kawabata
3787:Mikhail Sholokhov
3643:Winston Churchill
3318:Władysław Reymont
3296:Jacinto Benavente
3175:Gerhart Hauptmann
2993:
2992:
2769:Story collections
2565:Rhadopis of Nubia
2450:Books and Writers
2444:Petri Liukkonen.
2311:. 30 August 2006.
2042:978-981-02-1177-6
1911:978-0-415-07395-0
1765:
1764:
1652:Order of the Nile
1588:Before the Throne
1427:I Saw, in a Dream
1412:Love and the Veil
1177:(1947) زقاق المدق
1142:Rhadopis of Nubia
1123:(1938) همس الجنون
1055:Omar Abdul-Rahman
1002:Ruhollah Khomeini
944:Los Angeles Times
876:Islamic extremism
860:democratic ideals
588:modernist writers
497:The Cairo Trilogy
325:The Cairo Trilogy
307:Arabic literature
275:
274:
230:Order of the Nile
202:The Cairo Trilogy
187:Literary movement
5094:
4988:
4987:
4980:Egypt portal
4978:
4977:
4976:
4945:Ahmad Al-Khamisi
4940:Gamal Al-Ghitani
4925:Sonallah Ibrahim
4915:Nawâl El Saadâwi
4865:Tatamkulu Afrika
4820:Edwar al-Kharrat
4794:Egyptian writers
4792:
4791:
4780:
4773:
4766:
4757:
4756:
4691:
4624:Jack Steinberger
4612:Leon M. Lederman
4595:(United Nations)
4513:
4506:
4499:
4490:
4489:
4479:
4468:
4457:
4446:
4424:
4413:
4402:
4391:
4380:
4369:
4358:
4347:
4336:
4325:
4314:
4303:
4292:
4281:
4270:
4259:
4248:
4246:Elfriede Jelinek
4237:
4226:
4215:
4193:
4182:
4171:
4160:
4149:
4138:
4127:
4116:
4105:
4094:
4083:
4072:
4070:Camilo José Cela
4061:
4050:
4039:
4028:
4017:
4015:Jaroslav Seifert
4006:
3995:
3984:
3962:
3951:
3940:
3929:
3918:
3907:
3896:
3881:
3870:
3859:
3848:
3837:
3826:
3815:
3804:
3789:
3778:
3777:(declined award)
3775:Jean-Paul Sartre
3766:
3755:
3744:
3722:
3720:Saint-John Perse
3711:
3700:
3689:
3678:
3667:
3656:
3654:Ernest Hemingway
3645:
3634:
3632:François Mauriac
3623:
3612:
3610:Bertrand Russell
3601:
3599:William Faulkner
3590:
3579:
3568:
3557:
3555:Gabriela Mistral
3546:
3535:
3534:
3526:
3525:
3517:
3516:
3497:
3496:
3488:
3477:
3466:
3455:
3444:
3443:
3435:
3433:Luigi Pirandello
3424:
3413:
3402:
3386:
3375:
3364:
3353:
3342:
3331:
3320:
3309:
3298:
3287:
3265:
3254:
3243:
3242:
3234:
3219:
3208:
3197:
3196:
3188:
3177:
3166:
3155:
3144:
3133:
3122:
3111:
3100:
3089:
3083:Frédéric Mistral
3074:
3063:
3052:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2997:
2996:
2669:Love in the Rain
2530:Palace of Desire
2497:
2490:
2483:
2474:
2473:
2446:"Naguib Mahfouz"
2441:
2410:
2409:
2403:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2376:
2370:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2346:The Paris Review
2337:
2331:
2330:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2301:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2269:. Archived from
2258:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2205:
2199:
2192:
2183:
2182:
2164:
2158:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2106:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2026:
2020:
2013:
2007:
2006:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1945:The Paris Review
1936:
1925:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1898:(25 June 1993).
1896:Rasheed El-Enany
1892:
1883:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1821:
1782:
1781:. Leiden: Brill.
1752:
1734:
1716:
1698:
1680:
1662:
1644:
1626:
1625:
1567:
1557:10.2307/40158674
1438:One Hour Remains
1340:Love in the Rain
1327:(1971) شهر العسل
1267:(1962) دنيا الله
1229:(1957) السكرية (
1212:Palace of Desire
1153:(1944) كفاح طيبة
1000:after Ayatollah
628:Palace of Desire
584:Russian classics
550:history of Egypt
546:Sir Walter Scott
504:until after the
490:Mahfouz in 1960s
462:Cairo University
418:Cairo University
296:
291:
287:
261:
259:
237:
228:
191:Literary realism
119:Giza Governorate
111:
92:11 December 1911
91:
89:
64:Mahfouz in 1980s
62:
52:
46:
40:
28:
27:
5102:
5101:
5097:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4995:
4974:
4972:
4964:
4875:Mustafa Mahmoud
4835:Tawfiq al-Hakim
4796:
4786:
4784:
4754:
4749:
4687:
4679:
4660:
4657:(United States)
4651:(United States)
4645:(Great Britain)
4629:
4626:(United States)
4620:(United States)
4618:Melvin Schwartz
4614:(United States)
4598:
4579:
4555:
4524:
4517:
4487:
4482:
4477:to be announced
4471:
4460:
4449:
4438:
4427:
4416:
4405:
4394:
4383:
4372:
4361:
4356:Patrick Modiano
4350:
4339:
4328:
4317:
4306:
4295:
4284:
4273:
4262:
4251:
4240:
4229:
4218:
4207:
4196:
4185:
4174:
4163:
4152:
4141:
4130:
4119:
4108:
4097:
4092:Nadine Gordimer
4086:
4075:
4064:
4053:
4042:
4031:
4020:
4009:
4004:William Golding
3998:
3987:
3976:
3965:
3954:
3949:Odysseas Elytis
3943:
3932:
3921:
3910:
3905:Eugenio Montale
3899:
3894:Harry Martinson
3884:
3873:
3862:
3851:
3840:
3829:
3818:
3807:
3792:
3781:
3769:
3764:Giorgos Seferis
3758:
3747:
3736:
3725:
3714:
3703:
3698:Boris Pasternak
3692:
3681:
3670:
3665:Halldór Laxness
3659:
3648:
3637:
3626:
3615:
3604:
3593:
3582:
3571:
3560:
3549:
3538:
3530:
3529:
3521:
3520:
3512:
3511:
3500:
3492:
3491:
3480:
3469:
3458:
3447:
3439:
3438:
3427:
3416:
3411:John Galsworthy
3405:
3389:
3378:
3367:
3356:
3345:
3334:
3323:
3312:
3301:
3290:
3279:
3268:
3257:
3246:
3238:
3237:
3222:
3211:
3200:
3192:
3191:
3180:
3169:
3158:
3147:
3136:
3125:
3120:Rudyard Kipling
3114:
3109:Giosuè Carducci
3103:
3092:
3077:
3066:
3061:Theodor Mommsen
3055:
3050:Sully Prudhomme
3044:
3033:
3024:
2994:
2989:
2943:Khan El Khalili
2898:
2860:The Barred Road
2815:
2764:
2739:
2733:The Coffeehouse
2544:
2507:
2501:
2419:
2414:
2413:
2397:
2396:
2389:
2387:
2377:
2373:
2364:
2360:
2350:
2348:
2338:
2334:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2290:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2273:on 28 June 2009
2259:
2255:
2245:
2243:
2240:Nobel Prize.org
2234:
2233:
2229:
2219:
2217:
2206:
2202:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2165:
2161:
2154:Al-Ahram Weekly
2148:Wayback Machine
2137:
2133:
2123:
2121:
2108:
2107:
2082:
2072:
2070:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2027:
2023:
2014:
2010:
1983:
1979:
1956:
1952:
1937:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1893:
1886:
1881:Wayback Machine
1874:حياة نجيب محفوظ
1872:
1868:
1861:
1847:
1843:
1836:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1789:
1770:
1624:
1512:The Coffeehouse
1415:(1980) عصر الحب
1166:Khan al-Khalili
1106:
1075:Coptic Orthodox
1067:
1039:
986:
960:
936:Washington Post
920:
905:1952 revolution
844:
656:His 1966 novel
617:July Revolution
526:
508:that overthrew
484:
458:
376:Egyptian Museum
352:
289:
263:
260: 1954)
255:
251:
232:
113:
109:
93:
87:
85:
84:
75:
65:
53:
48:
47:
42:
41:
36:
34:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5100:
5090:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4993:
4982:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4855:Naguib Mahfouz
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4783:
4782:
4775:
4768:
4760:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4677:
4674:Maurice Allais
4670:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4658:
4652:
4646:
4643:James W. Black
4639:
4637:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4621:
4615:
4608:
4606:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4596:
4589:
4587:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4574:Naguib Mahfouz
4570:
4568:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4550:Hartmut Michel
4547:
4541:
4534:
4532:
4526:
4525:
4516:
4515:
4508:
4501:
4493:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4469:
4458:
4447:
4435:
4433:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4414:
4403:
4400:Olga Tokarczuk
4392:
4389:Kazuo Ishiguro
4381:
4370:
4359:
4348:
4337:
4326:
4315:
4304:
4293:
4282:
4271:
4260:
4249:
4238:
4227:
4216:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4183:
4172:
4161:
4150:
4139:
4128:
4117:
4106:
4095:
4084:
4073:
4062:
4059:Naguib Mahfouz
4051:
4048:Joseph Brodsky
4040:
4029:
4018:
4007:
3996:
3985:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3960:Czesław Miłosz
3952:
3941:
3930:
3919:
3908:
3897:
3890:Eyvind Johnson
3882:
3871:
3860:
3849:
3838:
3835:Samuel Beckett
3827:
3816:
3805:
3790:
3779:
3767:
3756:
3753:John Steinbeck
3745:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3712:
3701:
3690:
3679:
3668:
3657:
3646:
3635:
3624:
3621:Pär Lagerkvist
3613:
3602:
3591:
3580:
3569:
3558:
3547:
3536:
3527:
3518:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3489:
3478:
3467:
3456:
3453:Eugene O'Neill
3445:
3436:
3425:
3414:
3403:
3387:
3384:Sinclair Lewis
3376:
3365:
3354:
3343:
3340:Grazia Deledda
3332:
3321:
3310:
3299:
3288:
3285:Anatole France
3276:
3274:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3255:
3252:Carl Spitteler
3244:
3235:
3228:Karl Gjellerup
3220:
3209:
3206:Romain Rolland
3198:
3189:
3178:
3167:
3156:
3145:
3142:Selma Lagerlöf
3134:
3123:
3112:
3101:
3090:
3087:José Echegaray
3075:
3064:
3053:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3023:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3000:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2979:
2971:
2963:
2955:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2888:
2880:
2872:
2864:
2856:
2848:
2840:
2832:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2805:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2755:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2729:
2721:
2713:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2673:
2665:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2633:
2625:
2617:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2561:
2557:Khufu's Wisdom
2552:
2550:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2534:
2526:
2517:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2505:Naguib Mahfouz
2500:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2453:
2442:
2434:Naguib Mahfouz
2431:
2425:
2418:
2417:External links
2415:
2412:
2411:
2371:
2358:
2332:
2327:nobelprize.org
2314:
2296:
2294:, 8 March 1989
2284:
2253:
2227:
2200:
2184:
2177:
2159:
2131:
2120:on 2 June 2017
2080:
2055:
2041:
2021:
2008:
1977:
1950:
1926:
1917:
1910:
1884:
1866:
1859:
1841:
1834:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1775:Somekh, Sasson
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1756:
1753:
1745:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1727:
1726:
1722:Commandeur of
1720:
1717:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1691:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1673:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1655:
1654:
1648:
1645:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1612:
1600:
1592:
1584:
1576:
1568:
1540:
1532:
1524:
1516:
1508:
1504:The False Dawn
1500:
1492:
1484:
1483:) (1986) الجوع
1470:
1462:
1454:
1446:
1443:The Final Hour
1434:
1424:
1416:
1408:
1400:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1351:(1973) الجريمة
1344:
1336:
1335:(1972) المرايا
1328:
1322:
1314:
1308:
1307:(1967) ميرامار
1300:
1292:
1284:
1276:
1275:(1961) زعبلاوي
1268:
1260:
1252:
1244:
1236:
1222:
1208:
1194:
1186:
1178:
1170:
1162:
1154:
1146:
1145:(1943) رادوبيس
1138:
1134:Khufu's Wisdom
1124:
1116:
1105:
1102:
1066:
1063:
1038:
1035:
998:Salman Rushdie
985:
982:
959:
956:
919:
916:
843:
840:
795:(1979) and in
756:existentialist
672:Anwar al-Sadat
604:Western values
525:
522:
514:Dar el-Ma'aref
483:
482:Writing career
480:
457:
454:
409:intellectual.
351:
348:
315:existentialism
273:
272:
269:
265:
264:
253:
249:
248:
246:
242:
241:
222:
221:Notable awards
218:
217:
198:
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
180:
176:
175:
166:
162:
161:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
130:
126:
125:
112:(aged 94)
108:30 August 2006
106:
102:
101:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
63:
55:
54:
35:
32:Naguib Mahfouz
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5099:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
4992:
4983:
4981:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4955:Laila Soliman
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4870:Andrée Chedid
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4840:Munira Thabit
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4815:Salama Moussa
4813:
4811:
4810:Hafez Ibrahim
4808:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4799:
4795:
4790:
4781:
4776:
4774:
4769:
4767:
4762:
4761:
4758:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4686:
4685:
4682:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4667:
4663:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4647:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4632:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4582:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4522:
4514:
4509:
4507:
4502:
4500:
4495:
4494:
4491:
4478:
4474:
4470:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4430:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4280:
4279:Doris Lessing
4276:
4272:
4269:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4257:Harold Pinter
4254:
4250:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4235:J. M. Coetzee
4232:
4228:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4213:V. S. Naipaul
4210:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4199:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4169:José Saramago
4166:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4136:Seamus Heaney
4133:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4115:
4114:Toni Morrison
4111:
4107:
4104:
4103:Derek Walcott
4100:
4096:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3982:Elias Canetti
3979:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3968:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3880:
3879:Patrick White
3876:
3872:
3869:
3868:Heinrich Böll
3865:
3861:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3567:
3566:Hermann Hesse
3563:
3559:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3515:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3495:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3475:Pearl S. Buck
3472:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3362:Sigrid Undset
3359:
3355:
3352:
3351:Henri Bergson
3348:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3132:
3131:Rudolf Eucken
3128:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3021:
3016:
3014:
3009:
3007:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2818:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2760:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2744:Short stories
2742:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2573:Thebes at War
2570:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2513:Cairo Trilogy
2510:
2506:
2498:
2493:
2491:
2486:
2484:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2468:
2465:
2463:at Qantara.de
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2407:
2401:
2386:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2362:
2347:
2343:
2336:
2328:
2324:
2318:
2310:
2306:
2300:
2293:
2288:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2242:. Nobel Media
2241:
2237:
2231:
2215:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2180:
2178:9781909942523
2174:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2135:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2044:
2038:
2034:
2033:
2025:
2018:
2012:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1981:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1921:
1913:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1870:
1862:
1856:
1852:
1845:
1837:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1816:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1372:Respected Sir
1369:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1359:(1974) الكرنك
1358:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1325:The Honeymoon
1323:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1291:(1965) الشحاذ
1290:
1289:
1285:
1283:(1964) الطريق
1282:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:Cairo Trilogy
1228:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1218:Cairo Trilogy
1214:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1204:Cairo Trilogy
1200:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1185:(1948) السراب
1184:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1112:Ancient Egypt
1108:
1107:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1065:Personal life
1062:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
991:
981:
977:
972:
968:
963:
955:
954:
953:
952:The Economist
947:
946:
945:
939:
938:
937:
931:
930:
929:
923:
915:
912:
910:
906:
902:
901:
896:
892:
888:
884:
879:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
848:
839:
837:
836:
831:
827:
823:
822:
817:
812:
810:
809:
804:
800:
799:
794:
793:
788:
784:
780:
779:
774:
769:
767:
763:
762:
757:
752:
750:
746:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
693:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
668:
663:
659:
654:
652:
647:
642:
640:
636:
635:
630:
629:
624:
623:
618:
614:
613:
612:Cairo Trilogy
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
592:Marcel Proust
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
568:
566:
562:
557:
555:
554:social change
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
521:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
498:
488:
479:
477:
472:
468:
463:
456:Civil service
453:
451:
450:
445:
444:
439:
438:
433:
429:
428:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
403:Salama Moussa
400:
395:
392:
387:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
368:civil servant
365:
361:
357:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
332:
327:
326:
320:
316:
312:
309:, along with
308:
304:
300:
295:
283:
279:
270:
266:
247:
243:
240:
236:
231:
227:
223:
219:
216:
215:
210:
209:
204:
203:
199:
197:Notable works
195:
192:
189:
185:
182:Egyptian Lane
181:
177:
174:
170:
167:
163:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
142:
138:
134:
131:
127:
124:
120:
116:
107:
103:
100:
96:
82:
78:
72:
68:
61:
56:
51:
45:
39:
29:
26:
22:
4950:Ahdaf Soueif
4910:Fawzia Fahim
4900:Alifa Rifaat
4885:Anis Mansour
4880:Fathy Ghanem
4860:Edmond Jabès
4854:
4825:Taha Hussein
4805:Ahmed Shawki
4719:
4573:
4544:Robert Huber
4476:
4455:Annie Ernaux
4432:2021–present
4422:Louise Glück
4411:Peter Handke
4301:Herta Müller
4224:Imre Kertész
4191:Gao Xingjian
4180:Günter Grass
4125:Kenzaburō Ōe
4058:
4037:Wole Soyinka
4026:Claude Simon
3857:Pablo Neruda
3687:Albert Camus
3399:posthumously
3398:
2981:
2973:
2965:
2957:
2949:
2941:
2933:
2925:
2917:
2909:
2890:
2884:Allahu Akbar
2882:
2874:
2866:
2858:
2850:
2842:
2834:
2826:
2807:
2799:
2791:
2783:
2775:
2731:
2723:
2715:
2707:
2699:
2693:Wedding Song
2691:
2685:The Harafish
2683:
2675:
2667:
2659:
2651:
2643:
2635:
2627:
2621:Autumn Quail
2619:
2611:
2603:
2595:
2587:
2579:
2571:
2563:
2555:
2549:Other novels
2538:Sugar Street
2536:
2528:
2520:
2504:
2456:BBC Obituary
2449:
2388:. Retrieved
2384:
2374:
2361:
2349:. Retrieved
2345:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2291:
2287:
2277:20 September
2275:. Retrieved
2271:the original
2267:Deseret News
2266:
2256:
2244:. Retrieved
2239:
2230:
2218:. Retrieved
2214:Aramco World
2213:
2203:
2195:
2168:
2162:
2152:
2139:
2134:
2122:. Retrieved
2118:the original
2113:
2071:. Retrieved
2067:
2058:
2048:26 September
2046:. Retrieved
2031:
2024:
2011:
1994:
1990:
1980:
1963:
1953:
1944:
1920:
1900:
1869:
1850:
1844:
1825:
1819:
1803:
1778:
1768:Bibliography
1614:
1602:
1594:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1548:
1544:
1534:
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1486:
1478:
1472:
1464:
1456:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1426:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1380:The Harafish
1378:
1370:
1362:
1354:
1346:
1338:
1330:
1324:
1316:
1310:
1302:
1294:
1286:
1278:
1270:
1263:
1256:Autumn Quail
1254:
1246:
1238:
1230:
1226:Sugar Street
1224:
1216:
1210:
1202:
1196:
1188:
1180:
1172:
1164:
1158:Cairo Modern
1156:
1148:
1140:
1132:
1126:
1118:
1110:
1091:
1072:
1068:
1059:
1048:
1042:
1040:
1026:
1024:
1019:
1009:
995:
987:
979:
974:
970:
965:
961:
950:
948:
942:
940:
934:
932:
926:
924:
921:
913:
898:
880:
867:
863:
850:He espoused
849:
845:
834:
826:Mexican film
819:
815:
813:
807:
797:
790:
777:
770:
759:
753:
742:monotheistic
736:through the
696:
690:
688:
665:
657:
655:
643:
634:Sugar Street
632:
626:
620:
610:
608:
569:
558:
541:
540:(1943), and
537:
533:
527:
517:
513:
496:
493:
459:
447:
441:
435:
425:
411:
399:Taha Hussein
396:
388:
384:
353:
342:literature,
329:
323:
311:Taha Hussein
301:who won the
277:
276:
214:The Harafish
212:
206:
200:
137:screenwriter
110:(2006-08-30)
25:
5017:2006 deaths
5012:1911 births
4935:Leila Ahmed
4890:Yusuf Idris
4830:Fekry Abaza
4521:Nobel Prize
4345:Alice Munro
4268:Orhan Pamuk
4081:Octavio Paz
3916:Saul Bellow
3802:Nelly Sachs
3588:T. S. Eliot
3373:Thomas Mann
3307:W. B. Yeats
3263:Knut Hamsun
2983:Midaq Alley
2903:Adaptations
2844:The Monster
2820:Screenplays
2785:God's World
2677:Karnak Café
2581:Midaq Alley
2522:Palace Walk
1615:The Quarter
1609:a 1989 film
1356:Karnak Café
1264:God's World
1198:Palace Walk
1174:Midaq Alley
1077:woman from
909:Six-Day War
883:Sayyid Qutb
830:Salma Hayek
821:Midaq Alley
758:novels. In
738:allegorical
684:banned book
639:World War I
622:Palace Walk
600:James Joyce
596:Franz Kafka
510:King Farouk
502:World War I
432:Salama Musa
344:existential
319:Nobel Prize
173:short story
147:Nationality
70:Native name
5006:Categories
4905:Samir Amin
4561:Literature
3742:Ivo Andrić
3577:André Gide
3422:Ivan Bunin
3153:Paul Heyse
2967:The Guilty
2892:The Choice
2637:The Beggar
2629:The Search
2589:The Mirage
2390:17 January
2385:www.rts.rs
2351:24 October
2246:24 October
2124:26 October
2073:24 October
1966:(37): 23.
1860:0313268762
1835:0313268762
1811:References
1629:Ribbon bar
1474:The Hunger
1288:The Beggar
1280:The Search
1182:The Mirage
1079:Alexandria
864:Al-Khalili
856:Wafd Party
728:except in
651:Suez Canal
559:Mahfouz's
437:Arrissalah
422:philosophy
141:playwright
129:Occupation
88:1911-12-11
74:نجيب محفوظ
4552:(Germany)
4546:(Germany)
4540:(Germany)
4530:Chemistry
4523:laureates
4466:Jon Fosse
4378:Bob Dylan
4201:2001–2020
3970:1981–2000
3730:1961–1980
3505:1941–1960
3273:1921–1940
3038:1901–1920
3027:Laureates
2852:The Tough
2801:The Crime
2752:Zaabalawi
2503:Works by
2068:GoodReads
1348:The Crime
1272:Zaabalawi
1235:, Part 3)
1221:, Part 2)
1207:, Part 1)
1031:blasphemy
918:Reception
872:antipathy
868:New Cairo
828:starring
787:Nasserite
745:Abrahamic
734:blasphemy
565:socialism
356:Old Cairo
160:1932–2004
4676:(France)
4158:Dario Fo
2935:Cairo 30
2761:" (1982)
2754:" (1961)
2400:cite web
2309:BBC News
2292:Le Monde
2144:Archived
2003:26191813
1997:: 9–49.
1972:26191813
1877:Archived
1787:See also
1777:(1973).
1565:40158674
1094:Belgrade
928:Newsweek
889:than in
874:towards
803:subtexts
717:Mohammed
538:Rhadopis
536:(1939),
518:Al-Ahram
449:Al-Ahram
443:Al-Hilal
380:Pyramids
378:and the
372:Al-Azhar
364:Abbaseya
336:Egyptian
268:Children
151:Egyptian
133:Novelist
4604:Physics
4576:(Egypt)
3029:of the
2661:Mirrors
2653:Miramar
2220:21 June
1755:Tunisia
1635:Honour
1632:Country
1622:Honours
1480:Al-Go'a
1332:Mirrors
1304:Miramar
900:Mirrors
832:called
778:Miramar
766:Marxist
730:Lebanon
340:realist
262:
254:
179:Subject
4989:
4334:Mo Yan
2986:(1995)
2978:(1993)
2970:(1975)
2962:(1975)
2959:Karnak
2954:(1971)
2946:(1967)
2938:(1966)
2930:(1963)
2922:(1962)
2914:(1960)
2895:(1970)
2887:(1959)
2879:(1959)
2871:(1958)
2863:(1958)
2855:(1957)
2847:(1954)
2839:(1951)
2831:(1948)
2812:(1975)
2804:(1973)
2796:(1971)
2788:(1962)
2780:(1947)
2736:(1988)
2728:(1985)
2720:(1983)
2712:(1983)
2704:(1982)
2696:(1981)
2688:(1977)
2680:(1974)
2672:(1973)
2664:(1972)
2656:(1967)
2648:(1966)
2640:(1965)
2632:(1964)
2624:(1962)
2616:(1961)
2608:(1959)
2600:(1949)
2592:(1948)
2584:(1947)
2576:(1944)
2568:(1943)
2560:(1939)
2541:(1957)
2533:(1957)
2525:(1956)
2175:
2039:
2001:
1970:
1908:
1857:
1832:
1719:France
1575:(2005)
1563:
1515:(1988)
1098:Serbia
1083:Agouza
715:, and
676:banned
646:Nasser
631:, and
586:, and
407:Fabian
405:, the
299:writer
282:Arabic
245:Spouse
211:, and
157:Period
139:, and
115:Agouza
4720:1988
4585:Peace
4519:1988
2367:Cairo
2017:Cairo
1999:JSTOR
1968:JSTOR
1737:Italy
1701:Chile
1683:Egypt
1665:Egypt
1647:Egypt
1561:JSTOR
1104:Works
1027:fatwa
1020:fatwa
1006:fatwa
775:. In
749:Islam
721:oasis
713:Jesus
709:Moses
680:Sadat
561:prose
530:Cairo
416:(now
256:(
252:
169:Novel
165:Genre
123:Egypt
95:Cairo
4745:1993
4740:1992
4735:1991
4730:1990
4725:1989
4715:1987
4710:1986
4705:1985
4700:1984
4695:1983
4565:1988
4473:2024
4462:2023
4451:2022
4440:2021
4418:2020
4407:2019
4396:2018
4385:2017
4374:2016
4363:2015
4352:2014
4341:2013
4330:2012
4319:2011
4308:2010
4297:2009
4286:2008
4275:2007
4264:2006
4253:2005
4242:2004
4231:2003
4220:2002
4209:2001
4187:2000
4176:1999
4165:1998
4154:1997
4143:1996
4132:1995
4121:1994
4110:1993
4099:1992
4088:1991
4077:1990
4066:1989
4055:1988
4044:1987
4033:1986
4022:1985
4011:1984
4000:1983
3989:1982
3978:1981
3956:1980
3945:1979
3934:1978
3923:1977
3912:1976
3901:1975
3886:1974
3875:1973
3864:1972
3853:1971
3842:1970
3831:1969
3820:1968
3809:1967
3794:1966
3783:1965
3771:1964
3760:1963
3749:1962
3738:1961
3716:1960
3705:1959
3694:1958
3683:1957
3672:1956
3661:1955
3650:1954
3639:1953
3628:1952
3617:1951
3606:1950
3595:1949
3584:1948
3573:1947
3562:1946
3551:1945
3540:1944
3532:1943
3523:1942
3514:1941
3494:1940
3482:1939
3471:1938
3460:1937
3449:1936
3441:1935
3429:1934
3418:1933
3407:1932
3391:1931
3380:1930
3369:1929
3358:1928
3347:1927
3336:1926
3325:1925
3314:1924
3303:1923
3292:1922
3281:1921
3259:1920
3248:1919
3240:1918
3224:1917
3213:1916
3202:1915
3194:1914
3182:1913
3171:1912
3160:1911
3149:1910
3138:1909
3127:1908
3116:1907
3105:1906
3094:1905
3079:1904
3068:1903
3057:1902
3046:1901
2406:link
2392:2021
2353:2013
2279:2007
2248:2013
2222:2020
2173:ISBN
2126:2013
2075:2013
2050:2012
2037:ISBN
1906:ISBN
1855:ISBN
1830:ISBN
1087:Nile
866:and
818:and
705:Abel
703:and
701:Cain
689:The
598:and
446:and
401:and
389:The
328:and
290:IPA:
105:Died
80:Born
1553:doi
678:by
590:as
50:ORE
44:OME
5008::
4475::
4464::
4453::
4442::
4420::
4409::
4398::
4387::
4376::
4365::
4354::
4343::
4332::
4321::
4310::
4299::
4288::
4277::
4266::
4255::
4244::
4233::
4222::
4211::
4189::
4178::
4167::
4156::
4145::
4134::
4123::
4112::
4101::
4090::
4079::
4068::
4057::
4046::
4035::
4024::
4013::
4002::
3991::
3980::
3958::
3947::
3936::
3925::
3914::
3903::
3892:/
3888::
3877::
3866::
3855::
3844::
3833::
3822::
3811::
3800:/
3796::
3785::
3773::
3762::
3751::
3740::
3718::
3707::
3696::
3685::
3674::
3663::
3652::
3641::
3630::
3619::
3608::
3597::
3586::
3575::
3564::
3553::
3542::
3484::
3473::
3462::
3451::
3431::
3420::
3409::
3393::
3382::
3371::
3360::
3349::
3338::
3327::
3316::
3305::
3294::
3283::
3261::
3250::
3230:/
3226::
3215::
3204::
3184::
3173::
3162::
3151::
3140::
3129::
3118::
3107::
3096::
3085:/
3081::
3070::
3059::
3048::
2448:.
2402:}}
2398:{{
2383:.
2344:.
2325:.
2307:.
2265:.
2238:.
2212:.
2187:^
2112:.
2083:^
2066:.
1995:37
1993:.
1989:.
1962:.
1943:.
1929:^
1887:^
1853:.
1828:.
1559:,
1549:79
1547:,
1100:.
878:.
838:.
805:.
751:.
711:,
707:,
625:,
606:.
594:,
582:,
532:.
478:.
452:.
382:.
288:,
284::
258:m.
205:,
171:,
135:,
121:,
117:,
97:,
38:ON
4779:e
4772:t
4765:v
4567:)
4563:(
4512:e
4505:t
4498:v
3401:)
3397:(
3019:e
3012:t
3005:v
2757:"
2750:"
2496:e
2489:t
2482:v
2452:.
2408:)
2394:.
2355:.
2329:.
2281:.
2250:.
2224:.
2181:.
2128:.
2077:.
2052:.
1974:.
1914:.
1863:.
1838:.
1611:.
1555::
1477:(
1137:.
660:(
280:(
271:2
90:)
86:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
