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Myrica rubra

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387: 590: 605: 40: 360:. Male flowers with simple or unobtrusively branched bracts, are held in inflorescences individually or occasionally in groups of a few inflorescences in the leaf axils. Female flowers are 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) long, in inflorescences with bare stems, the bracts almost circular with a diameter of about 1 millimeter, and have golden glands on the underside. The male flowers are accompanied by two to four egg-shaped, sparse lanceolate leaves. Each male flower contains four to six stamens with dark red, elliptical anthers. 61: 411: 1838: 375: 399: 423: 1824: 353:
serrated or serrated in the upper half, with a length of 5–14 cm (2.0–5.5 in) and a width of 1–4 cm (0.39–1.57 in). Leaves are alternately arranged on the branches are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The petiole is 2–10 mm (0.079–0.394 in) long. The leaf underside is pale green and sparsely to moderately golden glandular, the top surface is dark green.
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Female inflorescences are single with multi-flowered spikes of 0.5–1.5 cm (0.20–0.59 in)in length standing in the leaf axils. The rhachis is hairy and glandular. The cover sheets overlap, are hairless and only unobtrusively glandular. Female flowers are accompanied by four leaves. The upper
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The flowering period extends from March to April in China, with fruits developing from May to June. The fruit is spherical, typically 1.5–2.5 cm (0.6–1 in) in diameter, with diameters up to 3 centimeters, a knobby surface. The surface is a thick-skinned, typically a crimson red, but may
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tree that grows to a height of up to 10–20 m (33–66 ft) high, with smooth gray bark and a uniform spherical to hemispherical crown. Leaves are leathery, bare, elliptic-obovate to oval lanceolate in shape, wedge-shaped at the base and rounded to pointed or tapered at the apex, margin is
1054:
Jia, Hui-min; Jiao, Yun; Wang, Guo-yun; Li, Ying-hui; Jia, Hui-juan; Wu, Hong-xia; Chai, Chun-yan; Dong, Xiao; Guo, Yanping; Zhang, Liping; Gao, Qi-kang; Chen, Wei; Song, Li-juan; van de Weg, Eric; Gao, Zhong-shan (19 May 2015).
463:. by Philipp Franz von Siebold and Joseph Gerhard von Zuccarini in treatises of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. Mathematical and natural science class, volume 4, number 3, page 230 published. 368:
vary from white to purple, with similar or somewhat lighter flesh color. At the center is a single seed, with a diameter about half that of the whole fruit. The flesh is sweet and very tart.
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from seed purchased from the Yokohama Nursery Co. in Japan and published in the Bulletin of Foreign Plant Introductions in 1918. Plants from the collection were grown and fruited in
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with large fruit, up to 4 centimetres (1.6 in) in diameter, have been developed. Besides fresh consumption, the fruits may be dried, canned, soaked in
667:, a California corporation. Trees are prolific producers, with a single tree yielding some 100 kilograms (220 lb) of fruit. As of 2007, 865,000 2349: 2354: 2201: 752:
in China, there are two main types of yangmei, a sour type used for making dried fruit and a sweet type used for juice and fresh eating.
2237: 2136: 1942: 232: 2188: 2149: 2007: 1955: 1143:
Terakawa, Mari; Isagi, Yuji; Matsui, Kiyoshi; Yumoto, Takakazu (2008-08-26). "Microsatellite analysis of the maternal origin of
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Archaeological and written evidence suggest that yangmei cultivation first took place in China over 2,000 years ago during the
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ovary is velvety hairy, with a stylus with a two-lobed scar. There are two slender scar lobes that are colored bright red.
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in forests on mountain slopes and valleys at elevations of 100–1,500 metres (330–4,920 ft). Seeds are dispersed by
748:). The juice has been commercialised under the brand name "Yumberry" under which name it is trademarked in the EU. In 2344: 1457: 479: 474:, and could be subdivided into two groups unrelated to the sex of the plant, but more so by the geographic region in 2206: 2314: 2175: 1981: 2329: 1828: 261: 2255: 2048: 253: 1934: 1921: 1006:
Zhang, Shuiming; Gao, Zhongshan; Xu, Changjie; Chen, Kunsong; Wang, Guoyun; Zheng, Jintu; Lu, Ting (2009).
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Sun, C; Huang, H; Xu, C; Li, X; Chen, K (2013). "Biological activities of extracts from Chinese bayberry (
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Joyce, Daryl; Tahir Khurshid; Shiming Liu; Graeme McGregor; Jianrong Li; Yeuming Jiang (December 2005).
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Pozuelo González JM, Gutiérrez Mañero FJ, Llinares Pinel F, Bermúdez de Castro F (April 1992). "".
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implicated with health benefits. Dating to 1951, the horticultural literature includes studies on
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Agetsuma, Naoki; Noma, Naohiko (1995). "Rapid shifting of foraging pattern by Yakushima macaques (
2319: 2242: 1929: 1842: 1684: 1916: 1894: 1856: 1303: 604: 619:, where it has considerable economic importance and has been grown for at least 2000 years. 177: 2229: 1590: 906: 898: 652: 644: 589: 482:
originated. Among regions in China, accessions varied within regions, indicating extensive
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Huguet V, Batzli JM, Zimpfer JF, Normand P, Dawson JO, Fernandez MP (May 2001).
374: 2030: 1500:"Consequences of Sporangial Development for Nodule Function in Root Nodules of 823: 745: 691: 398: 85: 1250: 1160: 1077: 1028: 1012:
Sieb. et Zucc.) accessions revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism"
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Huguet V, Mergeay M, Cervantes E, Fernandez MP (October 2004). "Diversity of
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for parks and streets. It is also a traditional tree used in composing
471: 144: 2167: 1973: 760: 2123: 852: 803: 522: 467: 357: 349: 1850: 2263: 2095: 2056: 1873: 1837: 846: 830: 741: 725: 703: 558: 487: 443: 111: 2180: 2128: 1986: 759:, they are dried and preserved in brine and vinegar and made into 842: 634: 550: 546: 542: 530: 526: 325: 134: 633:
system is 5–60 cm (2.0–23.6 in) deep, with no obvious
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Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao: Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
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in Flora Cochinchinensis, 2, page 548 in 1790 under the name (
1424:"From China, Only in a Bottle, a Berry With an Alluring Name" 1326: 1183: 957:
Loureiro, João de; Lisboa., Academia das Ciências de (1790).
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is a possible center of diversity for the plant in China.
1337: 1142: 799: 786: 675: – double the amount of acres utilized in 1057:"Genetic diversity of male and female Chinese bayberry ( 927: 925: 728:. Dried fruits are often prepared in the manner of dry 1384:
Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation
1375:
Red bayberry – a new and exciting crop for Australia?
922: 1308:. Washington Academy of Sciences. 1922. p. 275 1745:(Myricaceae): A Comparison with Related Families" 1497: 1450:Philippine Food, Cooking, & Dining Dictionary 849:having nitrogen-fixing properties in root nodules 615:Chinese cultivation is concentrated south of the 2296: 1119:"Name - Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc" 956: 950: 643:was first introduced into the United States by 1005: 933:"Myrica rubra in Flora of China @ efloras.org" 809: 1305:Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 1053: 1232: 1189: 1111: 1498:Vandenbosch KA, Torrey JG (November 1984). 504: 1741:"Mode of Pollen-Tube Growth in Pistils of 1147:seeds in the feces of Japanese macaques". 38: 1770: 1642:in Western Europe: impact of host plant ( 1610: 1533: 1447: 1441: 1094: 1076: 1027: 663:is being commercialized in California by 323:(and often mistranslated from Chinese as 1738: 1711: 1367: 1365: 1008:"Genetic diversity of Chinese bayberry ( 877: 603: 588: 2350:Taxa named by Philipp Franz von Siebold 1712:Su Z, Wu D, Chen B (January 2003). "". 1282:Bulletin of Foreign Plant Introductions 1001: 999: 997: 909:. The plant's name appears in many old 2355:Taxa named by Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini 2297: 1583:Applied and Environmental Microbiology 671:were devoted to yangmei production in 283: 1855: 1854: 1362: 1049: 1047: 818:have been studied scientifically for 2217:3fcb8dc2-a60f-4ac0-a754-f1ec9cf633ba 2023:222f50fb-e148-4cf4-8930-a3f155233bf2 1421: 1380:Barton, Australian Capital Territory 1200:International Journal of Primatology 994: 470:, it was clearly distinguished from 1194:) in response to heavy fruiting of 890:, including several appearances in 763:, the local version of the Chinese 450:The species was moved to the genus 13: 1796:"Ancient and Modern Yangmei Poems" 1466: 1044: 886:. Yangmei is mentioned throughout 14: 2366: 1816: 1793: 438:The plant was first described by 2256:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585475-1 2049:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:585602-1 1836: 1822: 1664:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00625.x 1563:Strains in Nodules of Sympatric 1422:Karp, David (12 December 2007). 421: 409: 397: 385: 373: 59: 1787: 1739:Sogo A, Tobe H (January 2006). 1732: 1705: 1678: 1627: 1603:10.1128/AEM.67.5.2116-2122.2001 1550: 1491: 1415: 1319: 1239:Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 1559:"Diversity and Specificity of 1226: 584: 340: 274: 265: 257: 1: 916: 862:niche characteristics in the 501:Chromosome count is 2n = 16 50:grown in Fremont, California 2325:Flora of South-Central China 1237:Sieb. et Zucc.): A review". 905:and the prefectural tree of 692:classical East Asian gardens 611:grown in Fremont, California 7: 1650:) and of edaphic factors". 810:Research and phytochemicals 697: 433: 10: 2371: 1652:Environmental Microbiology 513:, mainly in south-central 461:(Lour.) Siebold & Zucc 278:; Cantonese: yeung4 mui4; 18: 2085: 1863: 1452:. Anvil Publishing, Inc. 1448:Polistico, Edgie (2017). 1251:10.1007/s11130-013-0349-x 1161:10.1007/s11284-008-0537-6 1078:10.1186/s12864-015-1602-5 1029:10.21273/hortsci.44.2.487 298: 211: 204: 183: 176: 56:Scientific classification 54: 46: 37: 30: 2345:Plants described in 1846 1285:. 1918. p. 1522-IA2 740:with flavorings such as 509:It is native to eastern 505:Distribution and habitat 19:Not to be confused with 855:characteristics of the 833:-fixing ability of the 2315:Endemic flora of China 1638:strains associated to 789:prepared from the bark 612: 601: 494:exist in China alone. 2330:Garden plants of Asia 1573:Shepherdia canadensis 960:Flora cochinchinensis 878:Cultural significance 716:), or fermented into 607: 592: 1833:at Wikimedia Commons 1349:California Bountiful 1192:Macaca fuscata yakui 897:In Japan, it is the 686:The tree is used as 653:Brooksville, Florida 645:Frank Nicholas Meyer 1595:2001ApEnM..67.2116H 1526:10.1104/pp.76.3.556 1502:Comptonia peregrina 1149:Ecological Research 822:characteristics or 814:Various species of 772:Other uses include 718:alcoholic beverages 598:The American Garden 486:mixing. Nearly 100 329:) is a subtropical 285:[ɦiɐ̃².mɛ⁴] 262:traditional Chinese 1794:Wende, Meng Meng. 1763:10.1093/aob/mcj015 1579:Gene Polymorphism" 1428:The New York Times 1212:10.1007/bf02735480 888:Chinese literature 679:production in the 622:It tolerates poor 613: 602: 579:Yakushima macaques 321:Chinese strawberry 254:simplified Chinese 2292: 2291: 2225:Open Tree of Life 1857:Taxon identifiers 1827:Media related to 1658:(10): 1032–1041. 1393:978-1-74151-144-4 649:Chico, California 575:Japanese macaques 496:Zhejiang Province 241: 240: 235: 221: 2362: 2340:Dioecious plants 2335:Ornamental trees 2285: 2284: 2272: 2271: 2259: 2258: 2246: 2245: 2233: 2232: 2220: 2219: 2210: 2209: 2197: 2196: 2184: 2183: 2171: 2170: 2158: 2157: 2145: 2144: 2132: 2131: 2119: 2118: 2106: 2105: 2104: 2078: 2077: 2065: 2064: 2052: 2051: 2039: 2038: 2026: 2025: 2016: 2015: 2003: 2002: 1990: 1989: 1977: 1976: 1964: 1963: 1951: 1950: 1938: 1937: 1925: 1924: 1912: 1911: 1899: 1898: 1897: 1884: 1883: 1882: 1852: 1851: 1841:Data related to 1840: 1826: 1811: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1791: 1785: 1784: 1774: 1750:Annals of Botany 1736: 1730: 1729: 1709: 1703: 1702: 1682: 1676: 1675: 1631: 1625: 1624: 1614: 1589:(5): 2116–2122. 1554: 1548: 1547: 1537: 1513:Plant Physiology 1495: 1489: 1488: 1486: 1484: 1470: 1464: 1463: 1445: 1439: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1419: 1413: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1369: 1360: 1359: 1357: 1356: 1345:"Yum's the word" 1341: 1335: 1334: 1323: 1317: 1316: 1314: 1313: 1300: 1294: 1293: 1291: 1290: 1277: 1271: 1270: 1230: 1224: 1223: 1187: 1181: 1180: 1140: 1134: 1133: 1131: 1130: 1115: 1109: 1108: 1098: 1080: 1051: 1042: 1041: 1031: 1003: 992: 991: 985: 981: 979: 971: 969: 968: 954: 948: 947: 945: 944: 937:eFloras.org Home 929: 720:, such as wine, 462: 440:João de Loureiro 425: 413: 401: 389: 377: 305:Chinese bayberry 302: 300: 287: 276: 267: 259: 231: 217: 189: 64: 63: 42: 28: 27: 2370: 2369: 2365: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2295: 2294: 2293: 2288: 2280: 2275: 2267: 2262: 2254: 2249: 2241: 2236: 2228: 2223: 2215: 2213: 2205: 2200: 2192: 2187: 2179: 2174: 2166: 2161: 2153: 2148: 2140: 2135: 2127: 2122: 2114: 2109: 2100: 2099: 2094: 2081: 2073: 2068: 2060: 2055: 2047: 2042: 2034: 2029: 2021: 2019: 2011: 2006: 1998: 1993: 1985: 1980: 1972: 1967: 1959: 1954: 1946: 1941: 1933: 1928: 1920: 1915: 1907: 1902: 1893: 1892: 1887: 1878: 1877: 1872: 1859: 1819: 1814: 1804: 1802: 1792: 1788: 1737: 1733: 1710: 1706: 1683: 1679: 1632: 1628: 1555: 1551: 1496: 1492: 1482: 1480: 1472: 1471: 1467: 1460: 1446: 1442: 1432: 1430: 1420: 1416: 1406: 1404: 1394: 1370: 1363: 1354: 1352: 1343: 1342: 1338: 1325: 1324: 1320: 1311: 1309: 1302: 1301: 1297: 1288: 1286: 1279: 1278: 1274: 1231: 1227: 1188: 1184: 1141: 1137: 1128: 1126: 1117: 1116: 1112: 1052: 1045: 1004: 995: 983: 982: 973: 972: 966: 964: 963:. Vol. v.2 955: 951: 942: 940: 931: 930: 923: 919: 880: 812: 783:or juice blends 750:Yunnan Province 700: 657:David Fairchild 587: 517:in province of 507: 460: 436: 429: 426: 417: 414: 405: 402: 393: 390: 381: 378: 356:The species is 343: 292: 200: 191: 185: 172: 58: 24: 17: 16:Species of tree 12: 11: 5: 2368: 2358: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2322: 2320:Trees of China 2317: 2312: 2307: 2290: 2289: 2287: 2286: 2282:wfo-0001085161 2273: 2260: 2247: 2234: 2221: 2211: 2198: 2185: 2172: 2159: 2146: 2133: 2120: 2107: 2091: 2089: 2083: 2082: 2080: 2079: 2075:wfo-0001085136 2066: 2053: 2040: 2027: 2017: 2004: 1991: 1978: 1965: 1952: 1939: 1926: 1913: 1900: 1885: 1869: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1849: 1848: 1847:at Wikispecies 1834: 1818: 1817:External links 1815: 1813: 1812: 1786: 1731: 1716:(in Chinese). 1704: 1689:(in Spanish). 1677: 1626: 1575:Determined by 1549: 1520:(3): 556–560. 1490: 1465: 1458: 1440: 1414: 1392: 1361: 1336: 1318: 1295: 1272: 1225: 1206:(2): 247–260. 1182: 1155:(3): 663–670. 1135: 1110: 1043: 1022:(2): 487–491. 993: 984:|website= 949: 920: 918: 915: 911:Japanese poems 879: 876: 875: 874: 867: 860: 850: 838: 824:phytochemicals 811: 808: 807: 806: 796: 790: 784: 746:salty licorice 699: 696: 586: 583: 506: 503: 466:In studies of 435: 432: 431: 430: 427: 420: 418: 415: 408: 406: 403: 396: 394: 391: 384: 382: 379: 372: 342: 339: 333:grown for its 248:, also called 239: 238: 237: 236: 222: 209: 208: 202: 201: 192: 181: 180: 174: 173: 166: 164: 160: 159: 152: 148: 147: 142: 138: 137: 132: 128: 127: 122: 115: 114: 109: 102: 101: 96: 89: 88: 83: 76: 75: 70: 66: 65: 52: 51: 44: 43: 35: 34: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2367: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2302: 2300: 2283: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2112: 2108: 2103: 2097: 2093: 2092: 2090: 2088: 2087:Morella rubra 2084: 2076: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2018: 2014: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1905: 1901: 1896: 1890: 1886: 1881: 1875: 1871: 1870: 1868: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1853: 1846: 1845: 1839: 1835: 1832: 1831: 1825: 1821: 1820: 1801: 1797: 1790: 1782: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1751: 1746: 1744: 1735: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1708: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1687:Microbiología 1681: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1630: 1622: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1553: 1545: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1514: 1509: 1507: 1503: 1494: 1479: 1475: 1469: 1461: 1459:9786214200870 1455: 1451: 1444: 1429: 1425: 1418: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1376: 1368: 1366: 1350: 1346: 1340: 1332: 1328: 1322: 1307: 1306: 1299: 1284: 1283: 1276: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1245:(2): 97–106. 1244: 1240: 1236: 1229: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1186: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1139: 1124: 1120: 1114: 1106: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1060: 1050: 1048: 1039: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1011: 1002: 1000: 998: 989: 977: 962: 961: 953: 938: 934: 928: 926: 921: 914: 912: 908: 904: 900: 895: 893: 889: 885: 872: 868: 865: 861: 858: 854: 851: 848: 845: 844: 839: 836: 832: 829: 828: 827: 825: 821: 820:horticultural 817: 805: 801: 797: 794: 791: 788: 785: 782: 779: 775: 774: 773: 770: 768: 767: 762: 758: 753: 751: 747: 743: 739: 738: 733: 732: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 710: 705: 695: 693: 689: 684: 682: 681:United States 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 638: 636: 632: 628: 625: 620: 618: 617:Yangtze River 610: 606: 599: 595: 591: 582: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 502: 499: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 464: 459: 455: 454: 449: 448:Morella rubra 445: 441: 424: 419: 412: 407: 400: 395: 388: 383: 376: 371: 370: 369: 365: 361: 359: 354: 351: 347: 338: 336: 332: 328: 327: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 296: 291: 286: 281: 277: 271: 263: 255: 251: 247: 246: 234: 230: 226: 223: 220: 216: 215:Morella rubra 213: 212: 210: 207: 203: 199: 195: 190: 188: 182: 179: 178:Binomial name 175: 171: 170: 169:M. rubra 165: 162: 161: 158: 157: 153: 150: 149: 146: 143: 140: 139: 136: 133: 130: 129: 126: 123: 120: 117: 116: 113: 110: 107: 104: 103: 100: 97: 94: 91: 90: 87: 86:Tracheophytes 84: 81: 78: 77: 74: 71: 68: 67: 62: 57: 53: 49: 45: 41: 36: 33: 29: 26: 22: 21:Myrmica rubra 2086: 2036:tro-21700085 1895:Myrica rubra 1865:Myrica rubra 1864: 1844:Myrica rubra 1843: 1830:Myrica rubra 1829: 1805:14 September 1803:. 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Index

Myrmica rubra

Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Plantae
Tracheophytes
Angiosperms
Eudicots
Rosids
Fagales
Myricaceae
Myrica
Binomial name
Siebold
Zucc.
Synonyms
Lour.
Nakai.
simplified Chinese
traditional Chinese
pinyin
Shanghainese
[ɦiɐ̃².mɛ⁴]
Japanese
arbutus
tree
fruit
evergreen
dioecious
Flowers

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